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Base: |
The base form is the molecular form of a compound which has
not been converted to a salt. For example, morphine is the base form,
while morphine sulfate is a salt form. The term base, as used in this
context, does not specifically mean an alkaline substance. Occasionally,
the term "alkaloid"
is used in place of the term base (i.e., morphine alkaloid).
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Hydrate: |
The hydrated form of a compound has one or more molecules
of water bound to the compound. It is important to note that hydrated
forms of substances are not "wet",
but are dry, with no obvious indications of water present. The molecular
form for such a substance in this list of compounds is expressed in the
following way: Morphine sulfate (5H2O). This indicates that morphine
sulfate has five water molecules attached to it. Substances with no water
molecules attached are referred to as anhydrous (i.e., anhydrous morphine
alkaloid).
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Molecular Weight: |
The sum of the weights of the atoms that make up
the compound.
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Salt: |
The product of a reaction of an acidic substance and an
alkaline substance. The salt form has different physical and chemical
properties from the base form while retaining the same pharmacological
properties. The name of the salt form contains the name of the base form
(i.e., cocaine hydrochloride). |
