Schwarzkopf, M. D., and V. Ramaswamy, 1993: Radiative forcing due
to ozone in the 1980s: Dependence on altitude of ozone change. Geophysical
Research Letters, 20(2), 205-208.
Abstract: The radiative forcing of the surface-troposphere system
caused by the changes in ozone in the 1980s is sensitive to the altitude
profile of these changes. In the tropics, inclusion of lower stratospheric
ozone depletions observed by SAGE results in a substantial negative radiative
ozone forcing. In mid-latitudes, the magnitude of the negative stratospheric
ozone forcing diminishes as the altitude of ozone depletion is raised above
the tropopause. By contrast, the radiative forcing corresponding to the
decadal tropospheric ozone increases observed at certain Northern Hemisphere
mid-latitude locations is strongly positive. The magnitude and sign of
the total (tropospheric + stratospheric) ozone forcing in Northern Hemisphere
mid-latitudes is criticaly dependent on the vertical profile of the tropospheric
ozone increases and the lower stratospheric losses near the tropopause.