Victor A. Levesque 2005 text files http://sofia.usgs.gov/exchange/levesque/levesqueflow.html In 1996, the U.S. Geological Survey began a 4-year study of the flow and nutrient characteristics of three major streams that drain parts of the Everglades National Park. An upward looking acoustic Doppler current profiler, a water-level sensor, and two specific conductance sensors were installed at each site. Monthly discharge measurements are made with an acoustic Doppler current profiler to develop discharge ratings. Nutrient data are collected monthly at each site. Data collected at the Broad River, Harney River, and Shark River stations include water level, water velocity, specific conductance and temperature, total and dissolved phosphorus species, pH, and dissolved oxygen. These three stations were established in 1997. The southwest coast of Florida is part of a wilderness area with unique hydraulic characteristics that has historically been described as the "River of Grass". Flat terrain and lack of controlled topographic information has made it difficult to define drainage divides. Low gradients, coupled with tidal effects, create complex conditions under which to measure river flow. It has been almost thirty years since any effort has been made to monitor flow characteristics continuously in the area. Significant technological advancements have occurred during this time and this new technology can be applied to help obtain the information needed to make informed decisions about the future of this unique coastal area. Flow, nutrient concentrations, and nutrient load data will provide part of the basic information needed to understand the hydrologic and water-quality characteristics for a part of the southwest coast of Florida. The analysis of these measurements will help characterize the current conditions for the three sites and explain the relation between upgradient water levels and southwest coastal stream flows, and the possible interaction between southwest coastal waters and the waters of Florida Bay. The data can also be used as input to hydrodynamic and water-quality models. This project is now part of the Tides and Inflows in the Mangrove Ecotone (TIME) Model Development project. 199610 1998 ground condition Complete None planned -81.25 -81 25.5 25.33 none discharge mangrove ecotone nutrients hydrology biology flow ISO 19115 Topic Category biota environment inlandWaters 002 007 012 Department of Commerce, 1995, Countries, Dependencies, Areas of Special Sovereignty, and Their Principal Administrative Divisions, Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 10-4, Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology United States US U.S. Department of Commerce, 1987, Codes for the identification of the States, the District of Columbia and the outlying areas of the United States, and associated areas (Federal Information Processing Standard 5-2): Washington, DC, NIST Florida FL Department of Commerce, 1990, Counties and Equivalent Entities of the United States, Its Possessions, and Associated Areas, FIPS 6-3, Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology Monroe County USGS Geographic Names Information System Broad River Harney River Everglades National Park Shark River none Central Everglades SW Big Cypress None None Victor A. Levesque U.S. Geological Survey mailing address

The University Center for Business 10500 University Center Drive, Suite 215

Tampa FL 33612-6427 USA 813 975-8620 x167 813 975-0839 levesque@usgs.gov http://sofia.usgs.gov/exchange/levesque/locationflow.html flow data location map GIF Project personnel included Paul Boetcher, Tim O'Hare, Kathi Hammett, and Yvonne Stoker ASCII text files Fishman, M. J. Friedman, L. C. 1985 report USGS Open-File Report OFR 85-495 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey This report is no longer current and has been superseded by a more recent publication: USGS Report TWRI -05-A1: 1989 Levesque, Victor A. 2004 report USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5142 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey http://sofia.usgs.gov/publications/sir/2004-5142 Stoker, Y. E. Levesque, V. A.; Fritz, E. M. 1996 report USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 95-4167 Tallahassee, FL U.S. Geological Survey Prepared in cooperation with the Tampa Bay Regional Planning Council http://fl.water.usgs.gov/Abstracts/wri95_4167_stoker.html Stoker, Y. E. Levesque, V. A.; Woodham, W. M. 1996 report USGS Water Resources Investigations Report 95-4107 Tallahassee, FL U.S. Geological Survey http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/usgspubs/wri/wri954107 U.S. Geologcial Survey 1989 3rd book chapter USGS Techniques of Water-Resource Investigation 05-A1 Washington, DC U.S. Geological Survey Fishman, M. J. And Friedman, L. C., eds http://pubs.usgs.gov/twri/twri5-a1/ The same data for flow were collected at each site Flow data for all three sites are available for 1996, 1997, and 1998. The positional accuracy is 30 meters with the positions acquired using differential corrected GPS. The Broad, Harney, and Shark River monitoring station locations were selected based on an initial reconnaissance of the study area in June 1996 that included bathymetry, hydrodynamic characteristics, and water-quality. Aerial photography also was used to locate the monitoring stations. These three stations were established between November 1996 and January 1997. A second field reconnaissance conducted in December 1997, and a meeting with ENP personnel in October 1998, were used to locate two additional discharge and nutrient flux monitoring stations. Station installations at Lostmans Creek and North River were completed in April 1999. Continuous monitoring of water-level, stream velocity, and specific conductance combined with periodic discharge measurements and collection of water-quality samples were required to compute the discharge and nutrient flux from the five estuarine river stations. Stream velocity (index-velocity) data were used to estimate the mean cross-section channel velocity (mean velocity) that was measured using a vessel-mounted acoustic Doppler discharge measurement system. Stream velocity data were used with the measured mean channel velocity to develop index-to-mean velocity relations. Each station was equipped with similar instrumentation. Data collected at each station were reviewed for accuracy and entered into the USGS NWIS database. Data for each station were then used to develop regression equations that were used to estimate water discharge and nutrient flux. Water-Level and Velocity Measurements Water level was measured at each station using Design Analysis Associates H-310 vented-submersible pressure sensors that were mounted within 2-in. inside-diameter polyvinylchloride (PVC) pipes with end caps, which functioned as stilling wells. Quarter-inch holes were drilled around the perimeter of the PVC pipe within 6 in. of the bottom. Pressure sensors were programmed to average over an 8-second period every 15 minutes. Distances to water-level surfaces were measured from fixed reference points every 4 to 6 weeks and compared to the water levels measured by the pressure transducers. Water-surface reference measurements varied less than 0.02 ft from the pressure transducer water levels during the study. Two types of vertically oriented acoustic Doppler velocity systems were used to measure 2-min averages of velocity through the water column every 15 minutes: (1) SonTek ADP 1.5 and 3 MHz velocity profilers, and (2) SonTek Argonaut-XR 3 MHz depth-averaging velocity sensors. Vertically oriented velocity profilers were used because vertical stratification of flow was possible, and because these sensors allow variations in the velocity profiles in the water column to be measured during all conditions. One drawback to using a vertically oriented index-velocity system is the limited amount of across-channel volume that is measured. In rivers and streams with variable cross-channel flow distribution, this could prove to be a problem. If water flow is relatively uniform and flow patterns are always the same across the channel, vertically oriented sensors can provide an alternative to horizontally oriented index-velocity systems. Discharge Measurements River discharge was measured directly using a vessel-mounted acoustic discharge system (Simpson and Oltmann, 1992). An RD Instruments 1.2 MHz acoustic Doppler discharge measurement system was used to measure discharge for calibration and validation of the index-to-mean velocity relation at all stations every 4 to 6 weeks. The discharge section edges were marked with buoys and unmeasured edge section distances were measured using optical and laser range finders. Discharge values were calculated using manufacturer's software. Individual discharge measurements took between 4 to 10 minutes to complete. Discharge measurements were collected over varying ranges of tidal level and tidal phase for about one year to develop an index-to-mean velocity relation for each station. Multiple measurements were made during 3- to 6-hour periods to better characterize variations in flow caused by variations in tide, inflow, and wind effects, and to reduce serial correlations between measurement sets. Discharge data collected after the calibration period were used to check the accuracy of the water-level/velocity/discharge relations for the duration of the study and to apply corrections or shifts to the index-to-mean velocity relations if required. Corrections to the velocity regressions were not required at four of the five stations during the study. The Harney River station index-velocity data were corrected for June 1998 because of an electronics problem that caused the index-velocity data to be biased low. 1999 Victor A. Levesque U.S. Geological Survey mailing address

The University Center for Business 10500 University Center Drive, Suite 215

Tampa FL 33612-6427 USA 813 975-8620 x167 813 975-0839 levesque@usgs.gov southwest coast of Everglades National Park 1 1 Degrees, minutes, and decimal seconds North American Datum of 1983 Geodetic Reference System 80 6378137 298.257 Data collected for the Broad River, Harney River, and Shark River sites include: stage, velocity, discharge, specific conductance (top and bottom), and water temperature (top and bottom). USGS personnel Heather S.Henkel U.S. Geological Survey mailing address

600 Fourth St. South

St. Petersburg FL 33701 USA 727 803-8747 ext 3028 727 803-2030 hhenkel@usgs.gov Levesque flow data There are no explicit or implicit warrantees for the data. ASCII 2.3 http://sofia.usgs.gov/exchange/levesque/levesqueflow.html Data may be downloaded from the SOFIA website. none 20070425 Heather Henkel U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical address

600 Fourth Street South

St. Petersburg FL 33701 USA 727 803-8747 ext 3028 727 803-2030 sofia-metadata@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998