USDL-07-311 FOR RELEASE: TUESDAY, October 30, 2007
INFORMATION:	(617) 565-2327
MEDIA CONTACT:	Walter Marshall (617) 565-2324

Occupational Employment and Wages in Boston, Massachusetts, May 2006

Workers in the Boston metropolitan area (1) had an overall average (mean) hourly wage of $25.05, significantly above the national average of $18.84 in May 2006, according to the U.S. Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics. Regional Commissioner Denis M. McSweeney noted that after testing for statistical significance, wages in the local area were measurably higher than their respective national averages for 21 of the 22 major occupational groups. In addition, when compared to the national distribution, local employment was more highly concentrated in 10 of the 22 occupational groups including 9 of the 10 management, professional, and related occupational groups(2). (See table A and box note at end of release.)

These estimates of employment and wages are from the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey, a Federal-State cooperative program between BLS and State Workforce Agencies, in this case the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Division of Unemployment Assistance. The OES survey provides estimates of employment and hourly and annual wages for wage and salary workers in 22 major occupational groups and up to 801 non-military detailed occupations for the Nation, States, and 409 metropolitan areas, including Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, Massachusetts.

Occupational wages in Boston-Cambridge-Quincy area

Management and legal occupations were the two highest-paid occupational groups in the Boston-Cambridge-Quincy area in May 2006, with those in management averaging $53.50 an hour and those in legal occupations, $46.00. (See chart A and table A.) Nationwide, these were also the two highest-paying groups, with earnings of $44.20 in management and $41.04 in legal occupations.

Locally, two of the higher-paid jobs within the management group were chief executives and natural science managers earning hourly wages of $75.79 and $67.19, respectively. At the lower end of the wage scale were education administrators, preschool and child care center/program ($25.01) and food service managers ($25.22).

Table A. Occupational employment and wages by major occupational group, United States and Boston metropolitan division, and measures of statistical significance, May 2006

Major occupational group	Employment share (percent of total)			Average (mean) hourly wage
	United States	Boston	Significant difference 1	United States	Boston	Significant difference 1
Management	4.4%	6.6%	Yes	$44.20	$53.50	Yes
Business and financial operations	4.4	6.9	Yes	28.85	34.73	Yes
Computer and mathematical	2.3	4.7	Yes	33.29	38.54	Yes
Architecture and engineering	1.8	2.6	Yes	31.82	36.35	Yes
Life, physical, and social science	0.9	1.9	Yes	28.68	33.58	Yes
Community and social services	1.3	1.6	Yes	18.75	20.39	Yes
Legal	0.7	1.1	Yes	41.04	46.00	Yes
Education, training, and library	6.2	6.4	No	21.79	26.14	Yes
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media	1.3	1.9	Yes	22.17	26.27	Yes
Healthcare practitioners and technical	5.1	6.5	Yes	29.82	34.54	Yes
Healthcare support	2.6	2.6	No	11.83	14.15	Yes
Protective service	2.3	2.3	No	17.81	19.99	Yes
Food preparation and serving related	8.3	7.5	Yes	8.86	11.04	Yes
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance	3.3	3.4	Yes	10.86	13.19	Yes
Personal care and service	2.5	2.2	Yes	11.02	14.88	Yes
Sales and related	10.6	9.7	Yes	16.52	21.73	Yes
Office and administrative support	17.4	17.8	No	14.60	17.74	Yes
Farming, fishing, and forestry	0.3	0.1	Yes	10.49	11.26	No
Construction and extraction	5.0	3.2	Yes	18.89	26.16	Yes
Installation, maintenance, and repair	4.0	2.9	Yes	18.78	22.71	Yes
Production	7.7	3.9	Yes	14.65	16.87	Yes
Transportation and material moving	7.3	4.3	Yes	14.16	15.84	Yes
(1) Statistical significance testing at the 90-percent confidence level.

Within the legal occupational group in the Boston area, lawyers were among the higher paid at $61.27 an hour, while law clerks were at the lower end averaging $22.88. (Detailed occupational data are presented in table 1.)

Five occupational groups had average wages that were clustered between $33.00 to $39.00 an hour-business and financial operations; computer and mathematical science; architecture and engineering; life, physical, and social science; and healthcare practitioner and technical.

Chart A. Average wage distribution in the United States and the Boston metropolitan division by major occupational group, May 2006

Workers in the construction and extraction occupational group in Boston were also well paid, averaging $26.16 per hour, significantly higher than the $18.89 earned by their counterparts at the national level. This occupational group had the distinction of having the largest positive pay differential as a percentage when compared with the national average. Some of the better-paid occupations within this group included plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters ($29.27); electricians ($28.52); and carpenters ($25.83).

One of the lower-paid occupational groups in Boston was food preparation and serving related Locally, workers in this group averaged $11.04 per hour. Nationwide, food preparation and serving was the lowest-paying occupational group with an average wage of $8.86. Within food preparation and serving related jobs, wages paid to chefs and head cooks, at $21.55 an hour were among the higher paid. On the other end of the wage scale, food preparation and serving related workers, all other earned $8.80 per hour.

Occupational employment in the Boston-Cambridge-Quincy area

With more than 1.6 million employed in the Boston metropolitan area, the largest major occupational group was office and administrative support with 293,420 workers representing 17.8 percent of area employment. (See chart B and table A.) This group's local employment share did not differ significantly from the U.S. average of 17.4 percent. Nationally, this was also the largest occupational group.

As noted, 10 of the 22 occupational groups had higher-than-average concentrations in the Boston area. More specifically, 9 of the 10 occupational groups classified as management, professional, and related had higher employment shares locally than nationally, with education, training, and library being the only exception. For example, the business and financial operations group accounted for 6.9 percent of the Boston area employment, but 4.4 percent of United States employment. Similarly, the computer and mathematical science group made up 4.7 percent of the local workforce, but 2.3 percent of the national workforce. The healthcare practitioner and technical occupational group had a local employment share of 6.5 percent compared to the 5.1 percent national share.

Chart B Employment distribution in the United States and the Boston metropolitan division by major occupational group

In contrast, 8 of the 22 occupations had lower-than-average concentrations of employment within the Boston metropolitan area. Workers in construction and extraction and production jobs accounted for 3.2 and 3.9 percent, respectively, of local area employment, compared with 5.0 and 7.7 percent, respectively, nationally. Within the construction and extraction group, three occupations accounted for more than 42 percent of local employment-carpenters, electricians, and construction laborers. Team assemblers and inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers made up 15 percent of the local employment in the production occupational group. Similarly, the transportation and material moving occupational group made up 4.3 percent of local employment, measurably below this group's national employment share of 7.3 percent. Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand had the largest local employment in the transportation and material moving group.

(1) The Boston metropolitan area referenced in this release regers to the Boston-Cambridge-Quincy NECTA Division which includes parts of the following counties: Bristol, Essex, Middlesex, Norfolk, Plymouth, Suffolk, and Worcester in Massachusetts. Boston, the Boston metropolitain area, and other such abbreviations are used interchangeably to reger to this officially designated NECTA division.

(2) Management, professional, and related occupations include: management; business and financial operations; computer and mathematical science; architecture and engineering; life, physical, and social science; community and social service; legal; education, training, and library; arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media; and healthcare practitioner and technical occupations.

TECHNICAL NOTE

The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey is a semiannual mail survey measuring occupational employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments in the United States. Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands also are surveyed, but their data are not included in this release. OES estimates are constructed from a sample of about 1.2 million establishments. Forms are mailed to approximately 200,000 establishments in May and November of each year for a 3-year period. The nationwide response rate for the May 2006 survey was 78.1 percent based on establishments and 73.4 percent based on employment. The survey included establishments sampled in the May 2006, November 2005, May 2005, November 2004, May 2004, and November 2003 semiannual panels. The sample in the Boston-Cambridge-Quincy metropolitan division included 9844 establishments with a response rate of 67 percent.

The occupational coding system

The OES survey uses the Office of Management and Budget's (OMB) occupational classification system, the Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. The SOC system is the first OMB-required occupational classification system for Federal agencies. The OES survey categorizes workers in 1 of 801 detailed occupations. Together, these detailed occupations make up 23 major occupational groups, 22 of which are covered in this release. The one exception is military specific occupations which are not included in the OES survey.

For more information about the SOC system, please see the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Web site at http://www.bls.gov/soc/.

The industry coding system

The OES survey uses the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). For more information about NAICS, see the BLS Web site at http://www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm.

Survey sample

BLS funds the survey and provides the procedures and technical support, while the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs) collect most of the data. BLS produces cross-industry and industry-specific estimates for the Nation, States, and metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs). Industry-specific estimates are produced at the NAICS sector, 3-digit, 4-digit, and selected 5-digit industry levels. BLS releases all cross-industry and national estimates; the SWAs release industry-specific estimates at the State and MSA levels.

State Unemployment Insurance (UI) files provide the universe from which the OES survey draws its sample. Employment benchmarks are obtained from reports submitted by employers to the UI program. The OES survey sample is stratified by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas and industry. Samples selected in panels prior to May 2005 were stratified using MSA definitions based on the 1990 Metropolitan Statistical Area standards. Beginning with the May 2005 panel, the sample was stratified using new MSA definitions based on the 2000 Metropolitan Statistical Area standards.

Concepts

Occupational employment is the estimate of total wage and salary employment in an occupation across the industries surveyed. The OES survey defines employment as the number of workers who can be classified as full- or part-time employees, including workers on paid vacations or other types of paid leave; workers on unpaid short-term absences; salaried officers, executives, and staff members of incorporated firms; employees temporarily assigned to other units; and employees for whom the reporting unit is their permanent duty station regardless of whether that unit prepares their paycheck.

Wagesfor the OES survey are straight-time, gross pay, exclusive of premium pay. Base rate, cost-of-living allowances, guaranteed pay, hazardous-duty pay, incentive pay including commissions and production bonuses, tips, and on-call pay are included. Excluded are: back pay, jury duty pay, overtime pay, severance pay, shift differentials, non-production bonuses, employer cost for supplementary benefits, and tuition reimbursements.

Mean hourly wage.The mean hourly wage rate for an occupation is the total wages that all workers in the occupation earn in an hour divided by the total employment of the occupation. To calculate the mean hourly wage of each occupation, total weighted hourly wages are summed across all intervals and divided by the occupation's weighted survey employment. The mean wage for each interval is based on occupational wage data collected by the BLS Office of Compensation and Working Conditions for the National Compensation Survey (NCS).

Annual Wage. Many employees are paid at an hourly rate by their employers and may work more than or less than 40 hours per week. Annual wage estimates for most occupations in this release are calculated by multiplying the mean hourly wage by a "year-round, full-time" figure of 2,080 hours (52 weeks by 40 hours). Thus, annual wage estimates may not represent the actual annual pay received by the employee if they work more or less than 2,080 hours per year. Some workers typically work less than fulltime, year round. For these occupations, the OES survey collects and reports either the annual salary or the hourly wage rate, depending on how the occupation is typically paid, but not both. For example, teachers, flight attendants, and pilots may be paid an annual salary, but do not work the usual 2,080 hours per year. In this case, an annual salary is reported. Other workers, such as entertainment workers, are paid hourly rates, but generally do not work full time, year round. For these workers, only an hourly wage is reported.

Hourly versus Annual Wage Reporting. For each occupation, respondents are asked to report the number of employees paid within specific wage intervals. The intervals are defined both as hourly rates and the corresponding annual rates, where the annual rate for an occupation is calculated by multiplying the hourly wage rate by a typical work year of 2,080 hours. The responding establishment can reference either the hourly or the annual rate for full-time workers, but they are instructed to report the hourly rate for part-time workers.

Estimation methodology

Each OES panel includes approximately 200,000 establishments. The OES survey is designed to produce estimates using six panels (3 years) of data. The full six-panel sample of 1.2 million establishments allows the production of estimates at detailed levels of geography, industry, and occupation.

Wage Updating. Significant reductions in sampling errors are obtained by combining six panels of data, particularly for small geographic areas and occupations. Wages for the current panel need no adjustment. However, wages in the five previous panels need to be updated to the current panel's reference period.

The OES program uses the BLS Employment Cost Index (ECI) to adjust survey data from prior panels before combining them with the current panel's data. The wage updating procedure adjusts each detailed occupation's wage rate, as measured in the earlier panel, according to the average movement of its broader occupational division. The procedure assumes that there are no major differences by geography, industry, or detailed occupation within the occupational division.

May 2006 OES survey estimates. The May 2006 OES survey estimates are based on all data collected from establishments in the May 2006, November 2005, May 2005, November 2004, May 2004, November 2003 semiannual samples.

Reliability of the estimates. Estimates calculated from a sample survey are subject to two types of error: sampling and nonsampling. Sampling error occurs when estimates are calculated from a subset (that is, a sample) of the population instead of the full population. When a sample of the population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimate of the characteristic of interest may differ from the population value of that characteristic. Differences between the sample estimate and the population value will vary depending on the sample selected. This variability can be estimated by calculating the standard error (SE) of the sample estimate. If we were to repeat the sampling and estimation process countless times using the same survey design, approximately 90 percent of the intervals created by adding and subtracting 1.645 SEs from the sample estimate would include the population value. These intervals are called 90-percent confidence intervals. The OES survey, however, usually uses the relative standard error (RSE) of a sample estimate instead of its SE to measure sampling error. RSE is defined as the SE of a sample estimate divided by the sample estimate itself. This statistic provides the user with a measure of the relative precision of the sample estimate. RSEs are calculated for both occupational employment and mean wage rate estimates. Occupational employment RSEs are calculated using a subsample, random group replication technique called the jackknife. Mean wage rate RSEs are calculated using a variance components model that accounts for both the observed and unobserved components of the wage data. The variances of the unobserved components are estimated using wage data from the BLS National Compensation Survey. In general, estimates based on many establishments have lower RSEs than estimates based on few establishments. If the distributional assumptions of the models are violated, the resulting confidence intervals may not reflect the prescribed level of confidence.

Nonsampling error occurs for a variety of reasons, none of which are directly connected to sampling. Examples of nonsampling error include: nonresponse, data incorrectly reported by the respondent, mistakes made in entering collected data into the database, and mistakes made in editing and processing the collected data.

Additional information

The May 2006 OES national data by occupation, comparable to data in table 1, are available on the BLS Web site at http://www.bls.gov/oes. Users also may access each occupation's definition and percentile wages. The May 2006 cross-industry data for States and metropolitan areas are also available on the BLS Web site, as are the industry staffing patterns at the sector, 3-, 4-, and selected 5-digit NAICS levels. These data include industry-specific occupational employment and wage data. A more detailed technical note for OES is available at http://www.bls.gov/news.release/ocwage.tn.htm.

OES data are available on our regional web page at http://www.bls.gov/ro1/. If you have additional questions, contact the BLS New England (Boston) Economic Analysis and Information Unit at 617-565-2327. This information will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (617) 565-2072, Federal Relay Services: 1-800-877-8339.

Table 1. Employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey, by occupation, Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA NECTA Division, May 2006

	Employment	Mean wages		Median hourly wages
		Hourly	Annual (1)
All Occupations	1,649,960	$25.05	$52,100	$19.96
Management occupations	108,880	$53.50	$111,280	$48.24
Chief Executives	11,290	$75.79	$157,640	(2)
General and Operations Managers	24,320	$55.35	$115,130	$49.68
Advertising and Promotions Managers	690	$51.47	$107,050	$43.75
Marketing Managers	4,420	$57.61	$119,830	$55.67
Sales Managers	5,780	$57.85	$120,330	$54.34
Public Relations Managers	1,280	$55.20	$114,820	$49.66
Administrative Services Managers	4,940	$40.80	$84,870	$36.27
Computer and Information Systems Managers	7,460	$57.40	$119,390	$54.24
Financial Managers	12,230	$55.99	$116,450	$50.39
Compensation and Benefits Managers	1,330	$51.48	$107,070	$46.83
Training and Development Managers	730	$55.77	$116,000	$55.01
Human Resources Managers, All Other	910	$55.19	$114,800	$52.45
Industrial Production Managers	1,410	$48.41	$100,700	$44.51
Purchasing Managers	1,170	$43.68	$90,860	$41.92
Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers	970	$36.23	$75,360	$33.54
Construction Managers	2,590	$50.11	$104,230	$45.73
Education Administrators, Preschool and Child Care Center/Program	1,250	$25.01	$52,010	$22.82
Education Administrators, Elementary and Secondary School	2,660	(3)	$89,550	(3)
Education Administrators, All Other	760	$41.11	$85,510	$39.38
Engineering Managers	3,170	$60.91	$126,690	$58.52
Food Service Managers	2,860	$25.22	$52,450	$23.75
Lodging Managers	190	$29.96	$62,320	$25.35
Medical and Health Services Managers	4,590	$48.31	$100,480	$44.57
Natural Sciences Managers	900	$67.19	$139,750	$66.52
Postmasters and Mail Superintendents	90	$32.49	$67,580	$32.97
Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers	2,420	$31.09	$64,680	$28.68
Social and Community Service Managers	2,160	$30.03	$62,460	$27.24
Managers, All Other	3,060	$46.90	$97,560	$45.22
Business and Financial Operations Occupations	113,190	$34.73	$72,230	$31.14
Wholesale and Retail Buyers, Except Farm Products	2,090	$25.85	$53,760	$23.68
Purchasing Agents, Except Wholesale, Retail, and Farm Products	3,880	$30.65	$63,750	$29.65
Claims Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators	4,510	$27.28	$56,750	$25.21
Insurance Appraisers, Auto Damage	440	$26.76	$55,660	$26.71
Compliance Officers, Except Agriculture, Construction, Health and Safety, and Transportation	4,220	$30.41	$63,250	$29.35
Cost Estimators	2,990	$39.33	$81,800	$35.12
Emergency Management Specialists	80	$28.97	$60,260	$28.72
Employment, Recruitment, and Placement Specialists	4,160	$31.15	$64,790	$25.30
Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists	2,540	$29.42	$61,190	$27.32
Training and Development Specialists	3,440	$29.44	$61,230	$27.87
Human Resources, Training, and Labor Relations Specialists, All Other	2,030	$31.04	$64,560	$29.80
Logisticians	1,240	$31.59	$65,710	$30.07
Management Analysts	15,080	$44.29	$92,130	$40.34
Meeting and Convention Planners	1,060	$25.25	$52,520	$23.75
Business Operations Specialists, All Other	14,450	$32.38	$67,350	$30.88
Accountants and Auditors	21,290	$30.43	$63,290	$28.55
Appraisers and Assessors of Real Estate	1,050	$37.35	$77,700	$38.09
Budget Analysts	1,110	$33.60	$69,890	$32.43
Credit Analysts	1,190	$30.61	$63,660	$26.10
Financial Analysts	8,100	$41.62	$86,570	$35.75
Personal Financial Advisors	3,740	$53.09	$110,420	$46.05
Insurance Underwriters	2,000	$34.25	$71,250	$32.49
Financial Examiners	1,150	$33.82	$70,350	$30.27
Loan Officers	5,310	$40.64	$84,530	$36.35
Tax Examiners, Collectors, and Revenue Agents	1,150	$29.73	$61,830	$29.68
Financial Specialists, All Other	2,380	$31.03	$64,540	$28.94
Computer and Mathematical Science Occupations	77,450	$38.54	$80,170	$37.55
Computer and Information Scientists, Research	1,190	$57.15	$118,870	$55.28
Computer Programmers	8,440	$36.42	$75,750	$35.26
Computer Software Engineers, Applications	16,810	$43.61	$90,700	$42.31
Computer Software Engineers, Systems Software	12,690	$43.30	$90,070	$42.93
Computer Support Specialists	10,090	$26.52	$55,170	$24.86
Computer Systems Analysts	10,130	$38.65	$80,390	$37.62
Database Administrators	2,820	$35.81	$74,480	$35.66
Network and Computer Systems Administrators	5,840	$36.37	$75,640	$35.59
Network Systems and Data Communications Analysts	4,350	$38.22	$79,490	$37.29
Computer Specialists, All Other	1,750	$34.88	$72,560	$33.71
Actuaries	860	$42.86	$89,140	$38.13
Operations Research Analysts	1,770	$35.86	$74,600	$33.96
Statisticians	570	$36.58	$76,090	$34.62
Mathematical Science Occupations, All Other	40	$30.94	$64,360	$24.12
Architecture and Engineering Occupations	43,260	$36.35	$75,620	$34.71
Architects, Except Landscape and Naval	3,030	$37.97	$78,970	$34.79
Landscape Architects	910	$30.88	$64,240	$28.47
Cartographers and Photogrammetrists	70	$28.18	$58,610	$27.30
Surveyors	520	$27.41	$57,010	$25.47
Aerospace Engineers	170	$47.90	$99,630	$49.54
Biomedical Engineers	980	$41.18	$85,660	$39.76
Chemical Engineers	910	$41.58	$86,480	$38.97
Civil Engineers	4,960	$38.47	$80,010	$36.87
Computer Hardware Engineers	2,360	$45.69	$95,030	$44.69
Electrical Engineers	3,110	$45.22	$94,060	$43.40
Electronics Engineers, Except Computer	2,440	$42.37	$88,130	$41.60
Environmental Engineers	1,320	$36.26	$75,430	$36.51
Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors	420	$39.56	$82,280	$37.80
Industrial Engineers	3,240	$39.06	$81,250	$38.49
Marine Engineers and Naval Architects	-8	$32.78	$68,180	$33.15
Materials Engineers	310	$42.72	$88,850	$42.01
Mechanical Engineers	3,550	$41.66	$86,660	$39.43
Engineers, All Other	3,050	$42.26	$87,910	$42.88
Architectural and Civil Drafters	1,930	$23.06	$47,970	$21.68
Electrical and Electronics Drafters	630	$26.55	$55,220	$25.29
Mechanical Drafters	760	$32.29	$67,170	$28.91
Drafters, All Other	-8	$25.32	$52,660	$27.24
Civil Engineering Technicians	420	$23.24	$48,350	$23.26
Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technicians	3,480	$25.11	$52,230	$25.19
Electro-Mechanical Technicians	500	$22.31	$46,410	$21.30
Environmental Engineering Technicians	280	$21.28	$44,270	$21.16
Industrial Engineering Technicians	1,070	$26.66	$55,450	$24.84
Mechanical Engineering Technicians	1,210	$24.85	$51,680	$23.91
Engineering Technicians, Except Drafters, All Other	480	$26.76	$55,660	$26.32
Surveying and Mapping Technicians	370	$22.83	$47,490	$23.00
Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations	31,300	$33.58	$69,850	$30.44
Food Scientists and Technologists	100	$25.50	$53,040	$22.71
Biochemists and Biophysicists	1,280	$42.19	$87,760	$41.81
Microbiologists	900	$27.61	$57,430	$23.94
Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists	-8	$35.50	$73,830	$37.23
Conservation Scientists	100	$31.70	$65,940	$28.96
Foresters	40	$23.50	$48,880	$25.37
Epidemiologists	140	$31.10	$64,680	$29.25
Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists	4,750	$41.17	$85,640	$36.03
Astronomers	60	$57.96	$120,570	$61.18
Physicists	450	$49.20	$102,340	$47.59
Atmospheric and Space Scientists	500	$32.71	$68,040	$27.26
Chemists	2,060	$37.33	$77,640	$34.74
Materials Scientists	220	$46.51	$96,740	$44.82
Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health	1,540	$39.10	$81,330	$37.61
Physical Scientists, All Other	340	$41.96	$87,270	$42.04
Economists	750	$34.98	$72,750	$29.75
Market Research Analysts	6,040	$33.91	$70,540	$30.65
Survey Researchers	290	$19.18	$39,890	$15.61
Clinical, Counseling, and School Psychologists	2,000	$28.10	$58,450	$27.24
Psychologists, All Other	140	$30.18	$62,780	$32.79
Sociologists	(4)	$34.45	$71,660	$35.97
Urban and Regional Planners	740	$34.99	$72,790	$34.19
Historians	60	$28.22	$58,700	$27.78
Social Scientists and Related Workers, All Other	800	$31.21	$64,910	$29.33
Agricultural and Food Science Technicians	90	$16.69	$34,720	$15.28
Biological Technicians	3,190	$24.69	$51,360	$22.54
Chemical Technicians	1,090	$21.20	$44,110	$19.13
Nuclear Technicians	160	$34.47	$71,700	$34.49
Social Science Research Assistants	430	$22.51	$46,810	$20.71
Environmental Science and Protection Technicians, Including Health	390	$21.70	$45,140	$20.63
Life, Physical, and Social Science Technicians, All Other	(4)	$24.57	$51,110	$22.28
Community and Social Services Occupations	26,310	$20.39	$42,410	$19.21
Substance Abuse and Behavioral Disorder Counselors	640	$18.20	$37,850	$17.96
Educational, Vocational, and School Counselors	3,130	$25.36	$52,760	$24.11
Marriage and Family Therapists	40	$23.06	$47,960	$22.43
Mental Health Counselors	2,540	$16.30	$33,910	$15.40
Rehabilitation Counselors	1,920	$16.43	$34,180	$14.33
Counselors, All Other	330	$16.01	$33,300	$14.71
Child, Family, and School Social Workers	4,050	$22.80	$47,420	$22.33
Medical and Public Health Social Workers	2,350	$24.99	$51,980	$24.91
Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social Workers	1,780	$21.24	$44,170	$20.81
Social Workers, All Other	(4)	$24.77	$51,520	$22.19
Health Educators	850	$23.36	$48,600	$21.75
Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists	980	$28.92	$60,160	$28.49
Social and Human Service Assistants	5,860	$15.50	$32,230	$14.55
Community and Social Service Specialists, All Other	940	$18.95	$39,420	$18.26
Clergy	270	$21.68	$45,100	$20.65
Directors, Religious Activities and Education	100	$18.14	$37,730	$16.32
Legal Occupations	17,470	$46.00	$95,680	$36.05
Lawyers	9,840	$61.27	$127,430	$56.65
Administrative Law Judges, Adjudicators, and Hearing Officers	140	$35.98	$74,830	$31.73
Arbitrators, Mediators, and Conciliators	250	$31.53	$65,570	$29.01
Paralegals and Legal Assistants	5,560	$24.91	$51,800	$23.50
Law Clerks	400	$22.88	$47,590	$22.19
Title Examiners, Abstractors, and Searchers	300	$25.05	$52,110	$23.31
Legal Support Workers, All Other	470	$21.18	$44,060	$20.47
Education, Training, and Library Occupations	104,910	$26.14	$54,380	$23.28
Business Teachers, Postsecondary	1,030	(3)	$98,480	(3)
Computer Science Teachers, Postsecondary	590	(3)	$87,800	(3)
Mathematical Science Teachers, Postsecondary	670	(3)	$74,050	(3)
Architecture Teachers, Postsecondary	110	(3)	$79,780	(3)
Engineering Teachers, Postsecondary	790	(3)	$106,650	(3)
Biological Science Teachers, Postsecondary	1,180	(3)	$119,300	(3)
Atmospheric, Earth, Marine, and Space Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary	200	(3)	$96,550	(3)
Chemistry Teachers, Postsecondary	280	(3)	$85,720	(3)
Environmental Science Teachers, Postsecondary	80	(3)	$71,090	(3)
Physics Teachers, Postsecondary	340	(3)	$94,550	(3)
Anthropology and Archeology Teachers, Postsecondary	100	(3)	$75,560	(3)
Area, Ethnic, and Cultural Studies Teachers, Postsecondary	260	(3)	$71,780	(3)
Economics Teachers, Postsecondary	280	(3)	$104,290	(3)
Political Science Teachers, Postsecondary	250	(3)	$83,590	(3)
Psychology Teachers, Postsecondary	530	(3)	$69,060	(3)
Sociology Teachers, Postsecondary	290	(3)	$64,510	(3)
Social Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary, All Other	110	(3)	$83,570	(3)
Nursing Instructors and Teachers, Postsecondary	540	(3)	$60,180	(3)
Education Teachers, Postsecondary	750	(3)	$60,160	(3)
Criminal Justice and Law Enforcement Teachers, Postsecondary	140	(3)	$63,920	(3)
Social Work Teachers, Postsecondary	200	(3)	$58,130	(3)
Art, Drama, and Music Teachers, Postsecondary	3,040	(3)	$64,070	(3)
Communications Teachers, Postsecondary	370	(3)	$61,670	(3)
English Language and Literature Teachers, Postsecondary	980	(3)	$58,660	(3)
Foreign Language and Literature Teachers, Postsecondary	410	(3)	$71,970	(3)
History Teachers, Postsecondary	310	(3)	$77,450	(3)
Philosophy and Religion Teachers, Postsecondary	270	(3)	$74,140	(3)
Graduate Teaching Assistants	1,940	(3)	$44,990	(3)
Recreation and Fitness Studies Teachers, Postsecondary	90	(3)	$62,220	(3)
Vocational Education Teachers, Postsecondary	1,240	$27.33	$56,850	$25.99
Postsecondary Teachers, All Other	(4)	(3)	$107,370	(3)
Preschool Teachers, Except Special Education	6,510	$14.35	$29,850	$13.47
Kindergarten Teachers, Except Special Education	1,680	(3)	$48,600	(3)
Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education	14,400	(3)	$57,750	(3)
Middle School Teachers, Except Special and Vocational Education	7,980	(3)	$55,730	(3)
Vocational Education Teachers, Middle School	(4)	(3)	$42,330	(3)
Secondary School Teachers, Except Special and Vocational Education	11,310	(3)	$56,440	(3)
Vocational Education Teachers, Secondary School	880	(3)	$60,850	(3)
Special Education Teachers, Preschool, Kindergarten, and Elementary School	2,840	(3)	$50,790	(3)
Special Education Teachers, Middle School	1,310	(3)	$51,850	(3)
Special Education Teachers, Secondary School	1,410	(3)	$52,310	(3)
Adult Literacy, Remedial Education, and GED Teachers and Instructors	1,120	$23.91	$49,740	$22.79
Self-Enrichment Education Teachers	3,740	$17.41	$36,210	$15.32
Teachers and Instructors, All Other	4,200	(3)	$36,810	(3)
Archivists	220	$28.37	$59,000	$23.41
Curators	300	$30.73	$63,930	$28.97
Museum Technicians and Conservators	230	$20.63	$42,910	$19.34
Librarians	2,830	$29.00	$60,330	$27.85
Library Technicians	1,840	$17.75	$36,910	$17.63
Audio-Visual Collections Specialists	120	$23.65	$49,190	$24.02
Instructional Coordinators	1,680	$29.02	$60,350	$28.89
Teacher Assistants	14,510	(3)	$24,470	(3)
Education, Training, and Library Workers, All Other	410	$21.49	$44,690	$19.99
Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations	30,900	$26.27	$54,630	$23.12
Art Directors	910	$46.22	$96,140	$37.08
Craft Artists	80	$17.62	$36,650	$16.43
Fine Artists, Including Painters, Sculptors, and Illustrators	(4)	$23.64	$49,160	$25.01
Multi-Media Artists and Animators	590	$23.16	$48,170	$21.84
Artists and Related Workers, All Other	170	$22.81	$47,430	$21.60
Commercial and Industrial Designers	290	$29.81	$62,010	$27.61
Fashion Designers	450	$29.61	$61,600	$26.57
Floral Designers	830	$15.20	$31,610	$14.85
Graphic Designers	3,030	$23.47	$48,810	$22.18
Interior Designers	1,230	$28.67	$59,640	$25.12
Merchandise Displayers and Window Trimmers	590	$16.72	$34,780	$15.62
Set and Exhibit Designers	180	$32.03	$66,620	$38.00
Designers, All Other	310	$30.79	$64,050	$31.45
Actors	(4)	$28.57	(6)	$21.02
Coaches and Scouts	2,530	(3)	$39,300	(3)
Music Directors and Composers	90	$36.99	$76,930	$33.08
Public Relations Specialists	6,090	$28.88	$60,070	$25.59
Editors	2,730	$28.30	$58,870	$26.68
Technical Writers	1,450	$32.98	$68,600	$32.40
Writers and Authors	760	$27.21	$56,590	$24.04
Interpreters and Translators	570	$19.60	$40,780	$19.12
Media and Communication Workers, All Other	350	$22.93	$47,690	$20.39
Audio and Video Equipment Technicians	810	$20.62	$42,880	$20.05
Broadcast Technicians	360	$18.05	$37,550	$15.28
Sound Engineering Technicians	-8	$20.32	$42,260	$18.16
Photographers	580	$18.44	$38,360	$17.04
Camera Operators, Television, Video, and Motion Picture	360	$24.43	$50,810	$24.25
Film and Video Editors	140	$24.11	$50,150	$20.55
Healthcare Practitioner and Technical Occupations	106,600	$34.54	$71,850	$30.45
Chiropractors	180	$36.10	$75,080	$37.57
Dentists, General	1,200	$68.52	$142,520	$64.99
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons	230	$86.32	$179,530	(2)
Dentists, All Other Specialists	80	$48.78	$101,460	$48.06
Dietitians and Nutritionists	900	$25.83	$53,720	$24.13
Pharmacists	2,670	$39.12	$81,370	$41.39
Anesthesiologists	280	$72.89	$151,610	(2)
Family and General Practitioners	800	$77.44	$161,080	(2)
Internists, General	930	$84.60	$175,970	(2)
Obstetricians and Gynecologists	270	$83.20	$173,060	(2)
Pediatricians, General	950	$69.56	$144,690	(2)
Psychiatrists	740	$69.94	$145,480	$68.11
Surgeons	820	$93.05	$193,540	(2)
Physicians and Surgeons, All Other	4,880	$58.64	$121,970	$55.82
Physician Assistants	1,000	$38.81	$80,720	$37.57
Registered Nurses	42,700	$36.59	$76,100	$35.61
Audiologists	100	$28.14	$58,540	$28.59
Occupational Therapists	1,870	$30.90	$64,280	$29.97
Physical Therapists	3,230	$31.73	$66,000	$31.22
Radiation Therapists	290	$34.13	$71,000	$34.52
Recreational Therapists	420	$17.45	$36,290	$16.85
Respiratory Therapists	1,170	$26.95	$56,050	$26.74
Speech-Language Pathologists	1,550	$29.81	$62,000	$29.63
Therapists, All Other	240	$26.14	$54,370	$25.70
Veterinarians	400	$38.00	$79,050	$35.99
Health Diagnosing and Treating Practitioners, All Other	1,480	$34.15	$71,020	$27.19
Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists	4,820	$24.63	$51,240	$24.90
Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technicians	5,050	$17.15	$35,670	$16.31
Dental Hygienists	1,990	$35.18	$73,180	$36.61
Cardiovascular Technologists and Technicians	490	$25.75	$53,560	$24.09
Diagnostic Medical Sonographers	630	$31.44	$65,390	$31.45
Nuclear Medicine Technologists	260	$33.72	$70,140	$33.57
Radiologic Technologists and Technicians	3,490	$31.02	$64,510	$30.79
Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics	2,090	$17.15	$35,660	$16.39
Dietetic Technicians	760	$15.42	$32,080	$11.55
Pharmacy Technicians	2,600	$13.86	$28,840	$13.44
Psychiatric Technicians	280	$16.22	$33,730	$16.08
Surgical Technologists	950	$20.88	$43,420	$20.63
Veterinary Technologists and Technicians	690	$16.20	$33,700	$15.88
Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses	7,070	$23.74	$49,370	$23.90
Medical Records and Health Information Technicians	2,930	$15.89	$33,050	$14.45
Opticians, Dispensing	570	$26.20	$54,490	$20.11
Orthotists and Prosthetists	110	$20.98	$43,640	$20.90
Health Technologists and Technicians, All Other	460	$22.85	$47,530	$21.40
Occupational Health and Safety Specialists	650	$34.23	$71,200	$32.30
Occupational Health and Safety Technicians	70	$23.30	$48,470	$21.66
Athletic Trainers	420	(3)	$36,030	(3)
Healthcare Practitioner and Technical Workers, All Other	360	$27.81	$57,850	$24.29
Healthcare Support Occupations	43,560	$14.15	$29,430	$13.56
Home Health Aides	7,350	$11.89	$24,730	$11.91
Nursing Aides, Orderlies, and Attendants	18,430	$13.31	$27,680	$13.10
Psychiatric Aides	2,190	$14.14	$29,400	$14.00
Occupational Therapist Assistants	370	$20.41	$42,450	$20.61
Occupational Therapist Aides	100	$14.06	$29,250	$13.71
Physical Therapist Assistants	820	$21.32	$44,340	$20.95
Physical Therapist Aides	570	$12.78	$26,570	$12.46
Massage Therapists	470	$23.61	$49,100	$23.36
Dental Assistants	2,950	$17.26	$35,900	$17.03
Medical Assistants	5,340	$15.70	$32,660	$15.58
Medical Equipment Preparers	720	$14.87	$30,930	$14.46
Medical Transcriptionists	1,040	$16.71	$34,770	$16.64
Pharmacy Aides	650	$10.68	$22,210	$10.45
Veterinary Assistants and Laboratory Animal Caretakers	1,010	$13.91	$28,940	$13.34
Healthcare Support Workers, All Other	1,550	$15.53	$32,310	$15.26
Protective Service Occupations	38,280	$19.99	$41,570	$19.13
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Correctional Officers	30	$32.35	$67,290	$32.32
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Police and Detectives	1,080	$39.04	$81,210	$37.99
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Fire Fighting and Prevention Workers	790	$36.58	$76,090	$36.65
First-Line Supervisors/Managers, Protective Service Workers, All Other	610	$23.48	$48,850	$22.29
Fire Fighters	5,660	$25.50	$53,040	$24.51
Fire Inspectors and Investigators	120	$30.48	$63,390	$30.23
Correctional Officers and Jailers	2,890	$25.61	$53,280	$26.69
Detectives and Criminal Investigators	1,050	$33.40	$69,480	$31.70
Parking Enforcement Workers	610	$16.12	$33,540	$16.05
Police and Sheriff's Patrol Officers	6,860	$24.93	$51,850	$25.08
Animal Control Workers	150	$17.57	$36,550	$16.38
Private Detectives and Investigators	280	$18.71	$38,930	$17.47
Security Guards	14,580	$12.14	$25,240	$11.49
Crossing Guards	710	$12.57	$26,150	$12.88
Lifeguards, Ski Patrol, and Other Recreational Protective Service Workers	1,370	$11.38	$23,660	$10.79
Protective Service Workers, All Other	380	$16.23	$33,750	$14.21
Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations	124,080	$11.04	$22,970	$9.98
Chefs and Head Cooks	1,870	$21.55	$44,830	$19.79
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Food Preparation and Serving Workers	7,070	$16.09	$33,460	$15.25
Cooks, Fast Food	2,690	$10.48	$21,800	$9.78
Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria	2,700	$14.07	$29,270	$13.85
Cooks, Restaurant	8,290	$12.51	$26,020	$12.40
Cooks, Short Order	2,180	$11.86	$24,670	$11.65
Cooks, All Other	540	$14.19	$29,510	$12.55
Food Preparation Workers	12,070	$10.26	$21,340	$9.88
Bartenders	8,180	$11.69	$24,320	$11.34
Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers, Including Fast Food	21,990	$9.07	$18,860	$8.47
Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession, and Coffee Shop	10,010	$9.20	$19,140	$8.65
Waiters and Waitresses	26,350	$11.48	$23,870	$11.24
Food Servers, Nonrestaurant	3,770	$11.01	$22,910	$10.32
Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers	4,120	$10.57	$21,980	$9.74
Dishwashers	7,210	$9.00	$18,720	$8.54
Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee Shop	4,630	$9.90	$20,600	$9.64
Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other	(4)	$8.80	$18,300	$7.60
Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations	56,870	$13.19	$27,440	$12.33
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers	2,720	$19.32	$40,180	$17.78
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Landscaping, Lawn Service, and Groundskeeping Workers	1,350	$24.63	$51,220	$24.22
Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners	32,780	$12.46	$25,920	$12.07
Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners	10,290	$11.19	$23,270	$11.06
Building Cleaning Workers, All Other	370	$13.63	$28,350	$13.83
Pest Control Workers	430	$13.92	$28,940	$14.02
Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers	8,300	$14.30	$29,750	$13.89
Pesticide Handlers, Sprayers, and Applicators, Vegetation	-8	$16.25	$33,800	$17.07
Tree Trimmers and Pruners	310	$19.57	$40,700	$21.55
Grounds Maintenance Workers, All Other	-8	$15.05	$31,310	$14.36
Personal Care and Service Occupations	36,690	$14.88	$30,950	$12.51
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Personal Service Workers	1,980	$20.48	$42,590	$17.14
Nonfarm Animal Caretakers	920	$11.56	$24,050	$10.67
Motion Picture Projectionists	(4)	$12.20	$25,380	$11.95
Ushers, Lobby Attendants, and Ticket Takers	1,130	$9.84	$20,470	$8.76
Amusement and Recreation Attendants	1,340	$10.82	$22,500	$10.26
Costume Attendants	70	$14.75	$30,690	$13.59
Locker Room, Coatroom, and Dressing Room Attendants	250	$10.22	$21,270	$10.17
Embalmers	(4)	$29.09	$60,500	$25.41
Funeral Attendants	300	$19.35	$40,250	$18.76
Hairdressers, Hairstylists, and Cosmetologists	5,010	$14.72	$30,620	$13.72
Manicurists and Pedicurists	600	$11.82	$24,590	$11.38
Shampooers	340	$9.72	$20,210	$9.22
Skin Care Specialists	550	$17.34	$36,060	$16.55
Baggage Porters and Bellhops	610	$11.57	$24,070	$9.92
Concierges	1,190	$13.45	$27,980	$13.32
Tour Guides and Escorts	470	$12.84	$26,700	$12.35
Travel Guides	50	$18.32	$38,110	$16.78
Transportation Attendants, Except Flight Attendants and Baggage Porters	160	$11.70	$24,340	$11.27
Child Care Workers	4,760	$11.62	$24,170	$11.61
Personal and Home Care Aides	5,400	$11.32	$23,540	$11.05
Fitness Trainers and Aerobics Instructors	3,370	$20.98	$43,630	$20.34
Recreation Workers	3,250	$12.93	$26,890	$11.96
Residential Advisors	1,360	$13.26	$27,590	$12.21
Personal Care and Service Workers, All Other	560	$12.89	$26,810	$11.00
Sales and Related Occupations	159,720	$21.73	$45,200	$13.95
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Retail Sales Workers	11,340	$20.15	$41,910	$18.47
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Non-Retail Sales Workers	3,500	$40.32	$83,860	$35.78
Cashiers	32,520	$9.39	$19,540	$8.80
Counter and Rental Clerks	(4)	$12.16	$25,290	$9.90
Parts Salespersons	1,690	$17.10	$35,560	$16.71
Retail Salespersons	48,450	$12.29	$25,560	$10.27
Advertising Sales Agents	2,070	$30.40	$63,220	$23.01
Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents	6,400	$56.78	$118,110	$52.30
Travel Agents	1,860	$17.45	$36,310	$16.84
Sales Representatives, Services, All Other	6,780	$31.95	$66,450	$29.50
Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products	11,290	$43.05	$89,530	$40.25
Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products	16,430	$34.26	$71,250	$29.96
Demonstrators and Product Promoters	(4)	$14.50	$30,150	$13.01
Sales Engineers	(4)	$40.34	$83,920	$38.84
Telemarketers	3,210	$16.54	$34,410	$14.67
Door-to-Door Sales Workers, News and Street Vendors, and Related Workers	(4)	$13.81	$28,730	$10.63
Sales and Related Workers, All Other	1,890	$22.18	$46,140	$20.97
Office and Administrative Support Occupations	293,420	$17.74	$36,910	$16.84
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Office and Administrative Support Workers	17,160	$26.85	$55,840	$25.49
Switchboard Operators, Including Answering Service	2,750	$12.77	$26,550	$12.54
Bill and Account Collectors	4,780	$18.13	$37,710	$17.34
Billing and Posting Clerks and Machine Operators	7,140	$16.47	$34,260	$15.93
Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks	24,260	$18.48	$38,440	$18.07
Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks	3,150	$19.08	$39,690	$18.83
Procurement Clerks	760	$19.05	$39,630	$19.35
Tellers	7,120	$13.01	$27,060	$12.82
Brokerage Clerks	2,840	$18.65	$38,800	$18.13
Correspondence Clerks	290	$15.48	$32,200	$15.15
Court, Municipal, and License Clerks	400	$20.08	$41,780	$19.83
Credit Authorizers, Checkers, and Clerks	460	$18.61	$38,710	$17.21
Customer Service Representatives	30,630	$19.05	$39,620	$17.59
Eligibility Interviewers, Government Programs	1,140	$21.71	$45,160	$21.69
File Clerks	2,880	$12.01	$24,980	$11.59
Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks	1,570	$11.92	$24,790	$11.89
Interviewers, Except Eligibility and Loan	3,110	$15.71	$32,680	$15.13
Library Assistants, Clerical	1,730	$13.93	$28,980	$14.18
Loan Interviewers and Clerks	2,110	$17.32	$36,030	$16.74
New Accounts Clerks	750	$16.61	$34,540	$16.32
Order Clerks	2,510	$16.90	$35,150	$15.98
Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and Timekeeping	1,820	$18.51	$38,500	$17.89
Receptionists and Information Clerks	13,350	$12.81	$26,650	$12.56
Reservation and Transportation Ticket Agents and Travel Clerks	2,120	$17.52	$36,440	$18.09
Information and Record Clerks, All Other	2,180	$18.68	$38,860	$17.69
Cargo and Freight Agents	1,000	$18.95	$39,420	$19.04
Couriers and Messengers	1,560	$12.64	$26,300	$11.80
Police, Fire, and Ambulance Dispatchers	1,250	$18.50	$38,480	$17.74
Dispatchers, Except Police, Fire, and Ambulance	1,620	$19.98	$41,560	$17.81
Meter Readers, Utilities	170	$19.55	$40,670	$19.41
Postal Service Clerks	1,270	$21.53	$44,790	$21.81
Postal Service Mail Carriers	4,440	$21.22	$44,150	$21.58
Postal Service Mail Sorters, Processors, and Processing Machine Operators	2,590	$20.53	$42,710	$21.45
Production, Planning, and Expediting Clerks	3,040	$22.48	$46,760	$21.91
Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks	8,730	$15.71	$32,680	$14.88
Stock Clerks and Order Fillers	17,020	$12.44	$25,870	$11.17
Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers, Recordkeeping	450	$15.13	$31,480	$14.69
Executive Secretaries and Administrative Assistants	28,030	$22.04	$45,840	$21.55
Legal Secretaries	4,850	$22.16	$46,100	$21.98
Medical Secretaries	10,680	$16.26	$33,820	$15.82
Secretaries, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive	21,060	$17.76	$36,950	$17.46
Computer Operators	1,650	$18.46	$38,400	$17.67
Data Entry Keyers	3,660	$14.67	$30,520	$14.08
Word Processors and Typists	1,220	$16.64	$34,600	$16.27
Desktop Publishers	(4)	$21.93	$45,620	$21.41
Insurance Claims and Policy Processing Clerks	3,160	$18.10	$37,650	$18.01
Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators, Except Postal Service	2,090	$13.91	$28,930	$13.48
Office Clerks, General	30,820	$14.42	$29,990	$13.82
Office Machine Operators, Except Computer	1,600	$12.75	$26,520	$11.80
Proofreaders and Copy Markers	540	$17.62	$36,640	$15.80
Statistical Assistants	460	$18.78	$39,060	$18.02
Office and Administrative Support Workers, All Other	1,860	$17.67	$36,740	$17.16
Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Occupations	1,540	$11.26	$23,420	$9.42
Graders and Sorters, Agricultural Products	420	$9.83	$20,450	$8.10
Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse	280	$12.08	$25,130	$10.20
Forest and Conservation Workers	100	$19.09	$39,700	$20.05
Construction and Extraction Occupations	53,060	$26.16	$54,420	$25.13
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers	4,880	$34.02	$70,760	$31.59
Boilermakers	30	$24.56	$51,090	$23.89
Stonemasons	380	$25.66	$53,380	$24.34
Carpenters	8,760	$25.83	$53,730	$25.02
Floor Layers, Except Carpet, Wood, and Hard Tiles	(4)	$20.94	$43,560	$17.06
Tile and Marble Setters	370	$26.86	$55,870	$29.75
Construction Laborers	6,680	$22.03	$45,820	$22.69
Paving, Surfacing, and Tamping Equipment Operators	320	$18.98	$39,480	$18.24
Pile-Driver Operators	170	$31.58	$65,690	$30.36
Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators	2,310	$28.19	$58,630	$28.43
Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers	310	$22.39	$46,570	$22.27
Electricians	6,960	$28.52	$59,330	$27.26
Insulation Workers, Floor, Ceiling, and Wall	(4)	$18.78	$39,050	$19.62
Painters, Construction and Maintenance	2,080	$22.91	$47,650	$21.21
Pipelayers	170	$24.88	$51,740	$23.54
Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters	5,390	$29.27	$60,880	$28.89
Plasterers and Stucco Masons	(4)	$23.97	$49,860	$22.44
Sheet Metal Workers	2,010	$23.89	$49,690	$22.74
Structural Iron and Steel Workers	340	$29.76	$61,900	$31.37
Helpers--Brickmasons, Blockmasons, Stonemasons, and Tile and Marble Setters	760	$21.82	$45,390	$23.71
Helpers--Carpenters	330	$17.32	$36,020	$17.82
Helpers--Electricians	870	$15.56	$32,360	$14.43
Helpers--Painters, Paperhangers, Plasterers, and Stucco Masons	(4)	$14.52	$30,200	$13.62
Helpers--Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters	310	$12.85	$26,720	$12.19
Helpers--Roofers	200	$16.10	$33,480	$15.81
Construction and Building Inspectors	1,350	$22.97	$47,780	$22.89
Elevator Installers and Repairers	510	$33.73	$70,170	$34.47
Fence Erectors	240	$15.74	$32,740	$15.76
Hazardous Materials Removal Workers	430	$15.96	$33,200	$14.73
Highway Maintenance Workers	1,000	$19.22	$39,980	$19.03
Septic Tank Servicers and Sewer Pipe Cleaners	290	$16.69	$34,720	$16.32
Earth Drillers, Except Oil and Gas	40	$20.65	$42,940	$19.91
Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations	47,330	$22.71	$47,230	$21.54
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers	3,790	$31.86	$66,260	$31.22
Computer, Automated Teller, and Office Machine Repairers	1,400	$21.02	$43,720	$20.81
Radio Mechanics	40	$23.86	$49,620	$21.63
Telecommunications Equipment Installers and Repairers, Except Line Installers	2,750	$26.72	$55,580	$27.89
Electric Motor, Power Tool, and Related Repairers	90	$21.04	$43,760	$23.38
Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers, Transportation Equipment	(4)	$18.92	$39,350	$17.92
Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Commercial and Industrial Equipment	700	$24.79	$51,550	$24.49
Electronic Equipment Installers and Repairers, Motor Vehicles	130	$14.61	$30,390	$15.20
Electronic Home Entertainment Equipment Installers and Repairers	190	$18.38	$38,230	$18.11
Security and Fire Alarm Systems Installers	710	$22.11	$45,980	$22.25
Aircraft Mechanics and Service Technicians	660	$27.09	$56,360	$26.40
Automotive Body and Related Repairers	1,820	$25.40	$52,830	$22.19
Automotive Glass Installers and Repairers	(4)	$21.32	$44,340	$16.88
Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics	5,480	$21.38	$44,480	$19.76
Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists	2,030	$22.54	$46,870	$21.91
Farm Equipment Mechanics	(4)	$19.95	$41,490	$20.95
Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics, Except Engines	590	$22.76	$47,350	$21.91
Motorboat Mechanics	(4)	$21.54	$44,800	$22.33
Motorcycle Mechanics	90	$14.30	$29,750	$13.21
Outdoor Power Equipment and Other Small Engine Mechanics	130	$18.11	$37,680	$17.08
Tire Repairers and Changers	230	$10.67	$22,200	$9.86
Control and Valve Installers and Repairers, Except Mechanical Door	(4)	$24.85	$51,690	$24.13
Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers	3,120	$24.00	$49,930	$23.13
Home Appliance Repairers	340	$19.42	$40,400	$19.58
Industrial Machinery Mechanics	1,350	$22.60	$47,010	$23.07
Maintenance and Repair Workers, General	12,190	$19.41	$40,380	$19.12
Maintenance Workers, Machinery	630	$22.50	$46,800	$20.86
Millwrights	120	$22.05	$45,860	$20.99
Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers	820	$27.21	$56,600	$27.87
Telecommunications Line Installers and Repairers	2,420	$27.41	$57,000	$29.75
Medical Equipment Repairers	730	$19.59	$40,750	$15.69
Musical Instrument Repairers and Tuners	60	$15.66	$32,580	$14.92
Watch Repairers	(4)	$23.29	$48,450	$25.14
Coin, Vending, and Amusement Machine Servicers and Repairers	340	$16.15	$33,590	$15.94
Locksmiths and Safe Repairers	340	$19.84	$41,270	$18.15
Riggers	(4)	$21.83	$45,410	$21.52
Helpers--Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers	1,250	$13.71	$28,510	$13.41
Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers, All Other	1,170	$23.16	$48,180	$22.81
Production Occupations	64,010	$16.87	$35,090	$15.61
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Production and Operating Workers	4,870	$27.39	$56,970	$26.09
Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers	3,570	$16.94	$35,240	$16.47
Electromechanical Equipment Assemblers	1,940	$15.12	$31,440	$14.63
Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters	560	$18.22	$37,900	$18.62
Team Assemblers	6,310	$13.59	$28,260	$13.13
Timing Device Assemblers, Adjusters, and Calibrators	(4)	$16.59	$34,500	$16.54
Assemblers and Fabricators, All Other	1,050	$13.90	$28,910	$12.80
Bakers	1,990	$12.83	$26,680	$11.81
Butchers and Meat Cutters	600	$19.13	$39,790	$18.70
Meat, Poultry, and Fish Cutters and Trimmers	880	$14.33	$29,820	$13.06
Slaughterers and Meat Packers	70	$14.09	$29,310	$11.70
Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders	120	$14.64	$30,460	$15.12
Food Batchmakers	1,030	$11.89	$24,740	$11.67
Food Cooking Machine Operators and Tenders	150	$12.10	$25,170	$11.63
Computer-Controlled Machine Tool Operators, Metal and Plastic	1,010	$17.48	$36,350	$17.17
Numerical Tool and Process Control Programmers	200	$20.32	$42,260	$21.53
Extruding and Drawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	240	$16.19	$33,670	$16.02
Rolling Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	120	$16.22	$33,740	$16.27
Cutting, Punching, and Press Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	980	$16.27	$33,840	$15.50
Drilling and Boring Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	230	$18.50	$38,480	$19.59
Grinding, Lapping, Polishing, and Buffing Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	560	$19.42	$40,400	$16.99
Lathe and Turning Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	380	$19.15	$39,840	$17.94
Milling and Planing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	290	$17.82	$37,070	$16.85
Machinists	2,760	$20.00	$41,590	$19.23
Foundry Mold and Coremakers	(4)	$19.75	$41,080	$19.12
Molding, Coremaking, and Casting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	710	$15.97	$33,220	$15.45
Multiple Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	380	$16.01	$33,300	$15.55
Tool and Die Makers	370	$21.93	$45,610	$21.17
Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers	1,300	$19.15	$39,830	$18.33
Welding, Soldering, and Brazing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders	230	$20.60	$42,850	$21.57
Heat Treating Equipment Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	120	$16.15	$33,590	$15.41
Plating and Coating Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	370	$17.31	$36,010	$18.04
Tool Grinders, Filers, and Sharpeners	150	$14.95	$31,090	$13.92
Metal Workers and Plastic Workers, All Other	60	$17.66	$36,730	$15.52
Bindery Workers	630	$16.32	$33,950	$16.29
Job Printers	460	$15.36	$31,940	$13.63
Prepress Technicians and Workers	980	$18.90	$39,300	$20.03
Printing Machine Operators	2,040	$18.34	$38,150	$18.37
Laundry and Dry-Cleaning Workers	2,340	$10.58	$22,010	$9.83
Sewing Machine Operators	1,090	$12.82	$26,670	$11.25
Sewers, Hand	(4)	$11.48	$23,880	$10.83
Tailors, Dressmakers, and Custom Sewers	350	$10.68	$22,210	$9.14
Textile Bleaching and Dyeing Machine Operators and Tenders	(4)	$11.37	$23,660	$11.53
Textile Cutting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders	50	$12.55	$26,100	$11.88
Textile Knitting and Weaving Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders	70	$11.85	$24,650	$11.94
Extruding and Forming Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Synthetic and Glass Fibers	200	$14.65	$30,460	$13.61
Upholsterers	60	$17.01	$35,380	$16.47
Cabinetmakers and Bench Carpenters	750	$17.94	$37,320	$18.41
Furniture Finishers	50	$15.73	$32,710	$14.90
Woodworking Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Except Sawing	190	$16.41	$34,140	$16.61
Power Distributors and Dispatchers	40	$31.30	$65,100	$30.28
Stationary Engineers and Boiler Operators	500	$22.77	$47,360	$22.54
Water and Liquid Waste Treatment Plant and System Operators	590	$21.37	$44,450	$21.19
Chemical Plant and System Operators	100	$21.19	$44,070	$20.36
Gas Plant Operators	(4)	$29.52	$61,410	$29.58
Plant and System Operators, All Other	40	$25.49	$53,020	$26.73
Chemical Equipment Operators and Tenders	350	$18.42	$38,310	$17.96
Separating, Filtering, Clarifying, Precipitating, and Still Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders	140	$23.18	$48,220	$21.28
Crushing, Grinding, and Polishing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders	180	$16.10	$33,490	$15.83
Grinding and Polishing Workers, Hand	190	$14.67	$30,520	$13.38
Mixing and Blending Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders	700	$17.38	$36,150	$17.00
Cutters and Trimmers, Hand	170	$12.75	$26,510	$11.26
Cutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders	810	$15.83	$32,920	$14.72
Extruding, Forming, Pressing, and Compacting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders	230	$13.83	$28,770	$13.70
Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers	3,450	$19.62	$40,800	$18.80
Jewelers and Precious Stone and Metal Workers	(4)	$17.69	$36,790	$17.36
Dental Laboratory Technicians	520	$20.89	$43,460	$20.29
Medical Appliance Technicians	(4)	$22.66	$47,130	$19.22
Ophthalmic Laboratory Technicians	480	$13.28	$27,630	$13.14
Packaging and Filling Machine Operators and Tenders	2,070	$13.03	$27,090	$12.52
Coating, Painting, and Spraying Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders	770	$15.13	$31,470	$13.95
Painters, Transportation Equipment	140	$23.24	$48,340	$23.51
Painting, Coating, and Decorating Workers	190	$13.55	$28,180	$12.99
Photographic Process Workers	130	$12.84	$26,710	$12.26
Photographic Processing Machine Operators	620	$10.90	$22,670	$10.09
Cementing and Gluing Machine Operators and Tenders	180	$15.41	$32,060	$15.75
Cleaning, Washing, and Metal Pickling Equipment Operators and Tenders	180	$13.08	$27,210	$12.05
Cooling and Freezing Equipment Operators and Tenders	60	$15.41	$32,050	$13.84
Etchers and Engravers	130	$18.58	$38,640	$19.32
Molders, Shapers, and Casters, Except Metal and Plastic	(4)	$18.39	$38,260	$16.06
Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders	740	$14.93	$31,060	$14.76
Helpers--Production Workers	2,680	$11.28	$23,460	$10.97
Production Workers, All Other	800	$15.87	$33,000	$14.21
Transportation and Material Moving Occupations	71,120	$15.84	$32,950	$13.63
Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors	90	$24.12	$50,170	$20.59
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand	1,370	$22.80	$47,430	$20.42
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Transportation and Material-Moving Machine and Vehicle Operators	1,530	$27.24	$56,670	$25.22
Air Traffic Controllers	70	$60.40	$125,640	$63.48
Ambulance Drivers and Attendants, Except Emergency Medical Technicians	190	$11.43	$23,770	$11.04
Bus Drivers, Transit and Intercity	1,050	$14.63	$30,430	$13.68
Bus Drivers, School	3,680	$14.55	$30,260	$14.99
Driver/Sales Workers	2,900	$15.58	$32,400	$14.93
Truck Drivers, Heavy and Tractor-Trailer	9,420	$20.42	$42,470	$20.20
Truck Drivers, Light or Delivery Services	8,580	$15.40	$32,030	$14.79
Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs	2,750	$12.19	$25,360	$10.87
Motor Vehicle Operators, All Other	690	$14.05	$29,230	$11.87
Sailors and Marine Oilers	(4)	$16.07	$33,420	$16.40
Captains, Mates, and Pilots of Water Vessels	450	$22.27	$46,320	$18.62
Bridge and Lock Tenders	40	$16.23	$33,750	$16.43
Parking Lot Attendants	2,470	$10.19	$21,200	$9.82
Service Station Attendants	1,070	$9.75	$20,290	$9.57
Transportation Inspectors	120	$32.64	$67,890	$38.46
Conveyor Operators and Tenders	300	$14.51	$30,180	$13.92
Crane and Tower Operators	150	$31.41	$65,330	$31.15
Excavating and Loading Machine and Dragline Operators	380	$23.96	$49,830	$22.22
Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators	3,120	$15.23	$31,680	$14.79
Cleaners of Vehicles and Equipment	2,110	$11.15	$23,200	$10.63
Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand	17,140	$12.99	$27,010	$12.27
Machine Feeders and Offbearers	550	$13.15	$27,350	$13.39
Packers and Packagers, Hand	7,840	$9.98	$20,770	$9.18
Pump Operators, Except Wellhead Pumpers	50	$17.72	$36,850	$15.26
Refuse and Recyclable Material Collectors	680	$18.90	$39,300	$18.69
Material Moving Workers, All Other	(4)	$18.92	$39,350	$17.72
(1) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a 'year-round, full-time' hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data. (2) Represents a wage above $70.00 per hour. (3) Hourly wage rates for occupations where workers typically work fewer than 2,080 hours per year are not available. (4) Indicates that an employment estimate is not available. (5) Indicates that a wage estimate is not available. (6) There is a wide variation in the number of hours worked by those employed as actors, dancers, singers, and musicians. Many jobs are for the duration of 1 day or 1 week, and it is extremely rare for a performer to have guaranteed employment for a period that exceeds 3 to 6 months. Therefore only hourly wages are available for these occupations.

Last Modified Date: November 6, 2007