Also called: Also called: Insulin-dependent diabetes, Juvenile diabetes
Diabetes means your blood glucose, or blood sugar, is too high. With Type 1 diabetes, your pancreas does not make insulin. Insulin is a hormone that helps glucose get into your cells to give them energy. Without insulin, too much glucose stays in your blood. Over time, high blood glucose can lead to serious problems with your heart, eyes, kidneys, nerves, and gums and teeth.
Type 1 diabetes happens most often in children and young adults but can appear at any age. Symptoms may include
- Being very thirsty
- Urinating often
- Feeling very hungry or tired
- Losing weight without trying
- Having sores that heal slowly
- Having dry, itchy skin
- Losing the feeling in your feet or having tingling in your feet
- Having blurry eyesight
A blood test can show if you have diabetes. If you do, you will need to take insulin for the rest of your life.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
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Diabetes: Type 1(American Academy of Family Physicians) - http://familydoctor.org/online/famdocen/home/common/diabetes/basics/480.printerview.html
Also available in Spanish http://familydoctor.org/online/famdoces/home/common/diabetes/basics/480.printerview.html
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Type 1 Diabetes: What Is It?(Nemours Foundation) - http://kidshealth.org/kid/health_problems/gland/type1.html
Also available in Spanish http://kidshealth.org/kid/en_espanol/enfermadades/type1_esp.html
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Your Guide to Diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2
(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) - http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/type1and2/
Also available in Spanish http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/spanish/pubs/type1and2/index.htm
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Diabetes Overview(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) - http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/overview/
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JAMA Patient Page: Type 1 Diabetes(American Medical Association) - http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/reprint/298/12/1472.pdf
Also available in Spanish http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/data/298/12/1472/DC1/1
- Type 1 Diabetes (Juvenile Diabetes) Facts(Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International) - http://www.jdrf.org/index.cfm?page_id=102585
- Mental Processing Slightly Reduced in Diabetic Kids(09/18/2008, Reuters Health) - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/news/fullstory_69431.html
- Under-the-Skin Blood Sugar Monitor Boosts Diabetes Control(09/08/2008, HealthDay) - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/news/fullstory_69027.html
- Pancreatic Cells Turned into Insulin-Producing Beta Cells(08/27/2008, HealthDay) - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/news/fullstory_68620.html
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Diagnosis of Diabetes(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) - http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/diagnosis/
- Glucose Tests(American Association for Clinical Chemistry) - http://www.labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/glucose/test.html
- Intensive Insulin Therapy: Achieving Tight Blood Sugar Control(Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) - http://www.mayoclinic.com/print/intensive-insulin-therapy/DA00088/METHOD=print
- Islet Cell Transplant: Experimental Treatment for Type 1 Diabetes(Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) - http://www.mayoclinic.com/print/islet-cell-transplant/DA00046/METHOD=print
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JAMA Patient Page: Insulin(American Medical Association) - http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/reprint/297/2/230.pdf
Also available in Spanish http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/data/297/2/230/DC1/1
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Medicines for People with Diabetes(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) - http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/medicines_ez/
- Pancreas Transplant: An Insulin-Free Treatment for Type 1 Diabetes(Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) - http://www.mayoclinic.com/print/pancreas-transplant/DA00047/METHOD=print
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Pancreas Transplantation(American Diabetes Association) - http://www.diabetes.org/type-1-diabetes/pancreas-transplants.jsp
Also available in Spanish http://www.diabetes.org/espanol/diabetes-tipo-2/trasplantes-pancreas.jsp
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Complementary and Alternative Medical Therapies for Diabetes(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) - http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/alternativetherapies/
- Dealing with Diabetes(American Diabetes Association) - http://www.diabetes.org/for-parents-and-kids/living-with-diabetes/emotional-adjustment.jsp
- Diabetes: Helping a Family Member Who Has Diabetes(American Academy of Family Physicians) - http://familydoctor.org/online/famdocen/home/common/diabetes/living/353.printerview.html
- Newly Diagnosed in College(Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International) - http://www.jdrf.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.viewPage&page_id=55199065-1279-D3DC-F9399D3FF22A70A7
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Alternative Devices for Taking Insulin(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) - http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/insulin/
- Continuous 7-Day Glucose Monitoring System(Food and Drug Administration) - http://www.fda.gov/consumer/updates/glucose060407.html
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Diabetes: Blood Tests to Help You Manage Your Diabetes(American Academy of Family Physicians) - http://familydoctor.org/online/famdocen/home/common/diabetes/living/779.printerview.html
Also available in Spanish http://familydoctor.org/online/famdoces/home/common/diabetes/living/779.printerview.html
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Diabetes: Flexible Insulin Regimens for People with Type 1 Diabetes(American Academy of Family Physicians) - http://familydoctor.org/online/famdocen/home/common/diabetes/treatment/481.printerview.html
Also available in Spanish http://familydoctor.org/online/famdoces/home/common/diabetes/treatment/481.printerview.html
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Four Steps to Control Your Diabetes for Life(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) - http://ndep.nih.gov/diabetes/control/4Steps.htm
- Getting the Very Best Care for Your Diabetes(American Diabetes Association) - Links to PDF - http://www.diabetes.org/uedocuments/02-Very-Best-Care.pdf
- Glucose Meters & Diabetes Management(Food and Drug Administration) - http://www.fda.gov/diabetes/glucose.html
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If You Have Diabetes, Know Your Blood Sugar Numbers(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) - Links to PDF - http://ndep.nih.gov/diabetes/pubs/KnowNumbers_Eng.pdf
- NATA: New Guidelines for Diabetic Athletes(National Athletic Trainers' Association) - http://www.nata.org/newsrelease/archives/000612.htm
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Prevent Diabetes Problems: Keep Your Diabetes under Control(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) - http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/complications_control/
Also available in Spanish http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/spanish/pubs/complications_control/index.htm
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What I Need to Know about Physical Activity and Diabetes(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) - http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/physical_ez/
- Your First Visit to a Doctor(American Diabetes Association) - http://www.diabetes.org/whos-who-on-your-health-care-team/the-first-visit.jsp
- Common Diabetic Concerns(American Diabetes Association) - http://www.diabetes.org/pre-diabetes/common-concerns.jsp
- Diabetes Myths(American Diabetes Association) - http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-myths.jsp
- Diabetes: Your Body's Well Being(American Diabetes Association) - http://www.diabetes.org/type-1-diabetes/well-being.jsp
- Lancing Devices & Sharps Disposal(Food and Drug Administration) - http://www.fda.gov/diabetes/lancing.html
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When Your Child Is Diagnosed with Diabetes: Parent’s Questions for the Health Care Team(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) - http://ndep.nih.gov/diabetes/parents/parents_questions.htm
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Financial Help for Diabetes Care(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) - http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/financialhelp/
- ClinicalTrials.gov: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1(National Institutes of Health) - http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition=%22Diabetes+Mellitus,+Type+1%22
- TrialNet Public Information(TrialNet) - http://www2.diabetestrialnet.org/public
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Genetic Landscape of Diabetes(National Center for Biotechnology Information) - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?call=bv.View..ShowSection&rid=diabetes.chapter.3
- Blood Glucose Control(American Diabetes Association) - Current medical research reports - http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-research/summaries/bgcontrol.jsp
- Child & Adolescent Health(American Diabetes Association) - Current medical research reports - http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-research/summaries/child.jsp
- Exercise(American Diabetes Association) - Current medical research reports - http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-research/summaries/exercise.jsp
- Health Care Delivery(American Diabetes Association) - Current medical research reports - http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-research/summaries/healthcaredelivery.jsp
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Type 1 Diabetes(National Institutes of Health) - Links to PDF - http://www.nih.gov/about/researchresultsforthepublic/Type1Diabetes.pdf
References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine)
- Article: For parents. Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet. From early detection to... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=18717030&tool=MedlinePlus
- Article: Hearing impairment in genotyped Wolfram syndrome patients. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=18700423&tool=MedlinePlus
- Article: Intake of antioxidant vitamins and trace elements during pregnancy and... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=18689383&tool=MedlinePlus
- Diabetes Type 1 -- see more articles - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=search&db=pubmed&term=diabetes+mellitus,type+1[majr]+AND+humans[mh]+AND+english[la]+AND+(review[pt]+OR+guideline[pt]+OR+clinical+trial[pt]+OR+jsubsetk[text]+OR+patient+education+handout[pt]+OR+jsubsetaim[text]+OR+jsubsetn[text])+NOT+(letter[pt]+OR+editorial[pt]+OR+case+reports[pt])&doptcmdl=summary&cmd_current=Limits&pmfilter_EDatLimit=last+1+Year&tool=MedlinePlus
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Diabetes Dictionary(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) - http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/dictionary/
Also available in Spanish http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/spanish/pubs/dictionary/index.htm
- Take Charge of Your Diabetes: Glossary(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) - http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/tcyd/appendix.htm
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Directory of Diabetes Organizations(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) - http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/resources/organizations.htm
- Find a Diabetes Educator(American Association of Diabetes Educators) - http://www.diabeteseducator.org/DiabetesEducation/Find.html
- American Diabetes Association - http://www.diabetes.org/
- Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International - http://www.jdrf.org/
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National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) - http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/
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National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases - http://www.niddk.nih.gov/
- Discrimination Based on Diabetes(American Diabetes Association) - http://www.diabetes.org/advocacy-and-legalresources/discrimination.jsp
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Traveling with Diabetes Supplies(American Diabetes Association) - http://www.diabetes.org/advocacy-and-legalresources/discrimination/public_accommodation/travel.jsp
Also available in Spanish http://www.diabetes.org/espanol/travel-supplies.jsp
- Your School and Your Rights(American Diabetes Association) - http://www.diabetes.org/advocacy-and-legalresources/discrimination/school/scrights.jsp
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National Diabetes Statistics, 2007(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) - http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/statistics/
- For Parents & Kids(American Diabetes Association) - http://www.diabetes.org/for-parents-and-kids.jsp
- Handle with Care: How to Throw Out Used Insulin Syringes and Lancets at Home(Environmental Protection Agency) - Links to PDF - http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/education/pdfs/han-care.pdf
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Type 1 Diabetes: What Is It?(Nemours Foundation) - http://kidshealth.org/kid/health_problems/gland/type1.html
Also available in Spanish http://kidshealth.org/kid/en_espanol/enfermadades/type1_esp.html
- Your Parents & Your Diabetes(American Diabetes Association) - Links to PDF - http://www.diabetes.org/uedocuments/YourParentsYourDiabetes.pdf
- Diabulimia: How Are Diabetes and Eating Disorders Related?(Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) - http://www.mayoclinic.com/print/diabulimia/AN01737/METHOD=print
- For Teens(American Diabetes Association) - http://www.diabetes.org/for-parents-and-kids/for-teens.jsp
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Overview of Diabetes in Children and Adolescents(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) - http://ndep.nih.gov/diabetes/youth/youth_FS.htm
- Teens & Young Adults(American Diabetes Association) - http://www.diabetes.org/for-parents-and-kids/living-with-diabetes/teens-young-adults.jsp
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Type 1 Diabetes: How Is It Treated?(Nemours Foundation) - http://kidshealth.org/teen/diseases_conditions/growth/treating_type1.html
Also available in Spanish http://kidshealth.org/teen/diabetes_basics/espanol/treating_type1_esp.html
- Diabetes - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/diabetes.html
- Children and Teenagers - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/childrenandteenagers.html
- Digestive System - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/digestivesystem.html
- Endocrine System - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/endocrinesystem.html
- Immune System - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/immunesystem.html
The primary NIH organization for research on Diabetes Type 1 is the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases - http://www.niddk.nih.gov/
Diabetes Type 1 - Multiple Languages - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/languages/diabetestype1.html