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Scientific Data Documentation
Mortality Followback Survey, 1986DSN: CC36.MORT86.FB ABSTRACT User Notes For further Tape Documenation Information, Contact: Gloria Kapantais (or) Eve Powell-Griner, Ph.D Project Director Demographer/Statistician Mortality Followback Survey Followback Survey Branch National Center for Health Statistics 3700 East-West Hwy., Room 1-44 Center Bldg. Hyattsville, MD 20782 301-436-7464 Policy Statement The information on this tape was supplied to NCHS for statistical research and reporting purposes only, and may not be used for any other purposes. CONTENTS Acknowledgements Use of NMFS Data Introduction Tape Characteristics Record 1 Informant Questionnaire Data Items Multiple Cause-of-Death Data Items Record 2 - 7 (FARS Data Items) Control total tables 1 - 10 Appendices A. NMFS Informant Questionnaire and Facility Abstract Record B. Index of Industries and Occupations C. Multiple Cause-of-Death File Information D. Titles and recodes for the 282, 72, 52, and 34 cause-of-death lists E. Titles and recodes for the 51 and 15 business or industry lists F. Titles and recodes for the 59 and 9 usual occupation lists G. Vital Statistics of the U.S. Technical Appendix for 1986 H. Variance estimates for major NMFS populations I. U.S. Standard Certificate of Death Acknowledgements The data compilation and documentation for the 1986 National Mortality Followback Survey was prepared by the members of the NMFS staff: Charles Adams, Gloria Kapantais, Gamine Meckel, Eve Powell-Griner, Arlene Siller, and George Wolfe. Special thanks are extended to Dominic Ciccarelli, Gail Poe, and Isadore Seeman who were former members of the NMFS staff and who played an important role in the development and completion of this survey. The contribution of the Bureau of Census, the contractor for the survey, is also acknowledged. The 1986 NMFS was funded by NCHS, with additional financial support from the following agencies: Health Care Financing Administration; Indian Health Service; National Cancer Institute; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institute of Aging; National Institute of Mental Health; National Institute of Child Health and Human Developement; Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, Department of Health and Human Services; and the Veterans Administration. Use of NMFS Data With the goal of mutual benefit, NCHS requests the cooperation of users of this data tape in certain actions related to its use: A. Any published material derived from the data should acknowledge the National Center for Health Statistics as the original source. It should also include a disclaimer that credits any analyses, interpretations, or conclusions reached to the author (user of the tape) and not to the Center, which is responsible only for the initial data. B. Users who wish to publish a technical description of the data should make a reasonable effort to ensure that the description is consistent with that published by the Center. C. All data from the NMFS are to be used solely for statis- tical research or reporting purposes. D. If you discover a problem with the tape or documentation, please inform the NMFS staff immediately; the information will be passed along to other tape users. E. A copy of any paper containing NMFS data prepared for professional meetings or publication should be sent to the NMFS staff. These materials will be used to update our files (see Notice). Notice Programmers and analysts working with this data tape are urged to send the following information to the National Mortality Followback Survey Staff (see cover page) as soon as possible: Name: Address: Organization: City, State, ZIP: Phone: ( ) Main data interests: The NMFS staff will periodically send you a list of all reports which have been prepared from these data, a list of analysts currently working with this tape, and an errata sheet of tape and/or documen- tation problems that have been discovered since this document was printed.BACKGROUND This document describes the preliminary data tape for the 1986 National Mortality Followback Survey (NMFS). The tape consists of 18,733 records. The records contain data from death certifi- cates and from the informant survey questionnaires as appropiate. The methods employed in these surveys are described at length in Methods and Response Characteristics: 1986 National Mortality Followback Survey (forthcoming). A brief description of the survey is given below. The 1986 NMFS is designed to fill a key research gap by supplementing the information obtained from death certificates in the vital statis- tics file with information on important characteristics of the dece- dent that may have affected mortality. These characteristics include patterns of lifetime behavior, health services experience prior to death, socioeconomic status, and many other aspects of life that may affect when and how death occurs. Reflecting these interests, the three broad foci of the survey are (1) socioeconomic status and mortality, (2) associates between risk factors and mortality, and (3) health care sought and provided in the last year of life. The NMFS is a nationally representative sample of adults aged 25 or more who died in 1986. While all 50 States and the District of Columbia granted their approval for use of a sample of their death certificates in the NMFS, Oregon is not included in the NMFS due to the State's respondent consent requirements. Therefore, the data are representative of deaths to adult residents to the U.S., excluding Oregon. The universe for the 1986 NMFS is composed of all death certificates for 1986 decedents 25 years of age or older, filed in the U.S. The 1986 sampling frame, however, is composed of the death certificates selected for the 1986 Current Mortality Sample (CMS). The CMS is a ten percent sample of the States' death certificates, which NCHS receives about three months after the deaths occur. Approximately 2500 of the sampled death certificates from the CMS were selected with certainty to meet specific research needs. The characteristics of interest included in the certainty stratum are shown in Control Table 1. From the remaining CMS certificates, some populations were oversampled. For example, black decedents were oversampled 2.9 times and decedents under 55 were oversampled 3.1 times. The response rate for the informant questionnaire was 89 percent. The number of cases in each weighting strata, the reciprocal of the probability of selection, and response rates are shown in Control Table 2. NMFS data must be weighted in order to prepare nationally representative estimates. Unweighted NMFS data cannot be meaning- fully used for analysis because use of unweighted estimates ignores the NMFS disproportionate sampling. Final weights for each strata are located in positions 619-626. This final weight is the product of three factors: a basic sampling weight (the reciprocal of the probability of selection), an adjustment for nonresponse, and a post-stratified ratio adjustment. The basic sampling weight adjusts for the probability of selection, while the nonresponse adjustment reduces bias due to nonresponse, and the post-stratified ratio adjustment aligns NMFS population totals by age, sex, and race to those in the national vital registration system for the U.S., excluding Oregon. The sampling variance for the NMFS will be approximated using a balanced repeated replication procedure, which is described in detail in other National Center for Health Statistics reports 2. Sets of variance estimates for major populations, and guidance on how to use them, are given in Appendix H. The outline which follows is arranged according to the location of data items in each of the records on the tape. Each record is 1,275 positions in length. The tape location of each data item appears in the first column of the outline. The characteristics, which refer to a data name or brief description, appears in the second column of the outline. The third column indicates the universe for the item. The code outline describing responses and the values assigned to each are shown in columns four and five. There are four sources of data: data from the master file or informant questionnaire, the multiple cause-of-death file, and the facility abstract record. All 18,733 cases included on this data tape have data from the master file; 16,598 (88.6 percent) have data from the informant question- naire; and 18,707 (99.9 percent) have data from the multiple cause- of-death file, and 12,275 have facility data records. The 35,757 records on the tape consist of 18,733 records containing information from the master file, informant questionnaire and/or multiple cause- of-death file, and 12,275 records containing facility data. Among decedents with facility data, 8,437 had one FARS and 3,838 had more than one FARS (see Control Table 9). Many data items have codes corresponding to DK, NA, and Out-of- Universe. The DK code indicates that the respondent indicated that he did not know the answer to the particular question on the questionnaire. NA in the codebook means "not ascertainable" and includes illegible entries, blanks, and other noncodeable answers. The Out-of-Universe code appears only for the 2,135 decedents for whom no questionnaire are completed and for decedents involved in the skip patterns of a given item. Using item SC007 (card 1, posi- tion 46) as an example, the answers to the question "Did you ever live in the same home with the person since the person became 25 years of age" is as follows: 11,338 respondents answered "yes"; 4,790 answered "no"; 1 refused to answer the question; the infor- mation was "not ascertainable" for 7; 8 answered "don't know"; and 2,361 were "out-of-universe". The 2,361 out-of-universe cases include the 2,135 decedents for whom no questionnaire was returned and 226 decedents for whom the Staff Informant NMF-5 form was used. The out-of-universe counts for a particular item can only be under- stood by carefully considering the universe covered. The codebook provides information on the universe covered for every item on the data tape. During data processing, data reported by a responding source was not changed because it was inconsistent with information from another source. Reported data that was inconsistent was left inconsistent after data clean up was done since it was impossible to determine which source was correct. Furthermore, the presence of these comparable data items (which are sometimes inconsistent) is a major strength in that it allows flexibility in the analyst's choice of data items and permits certain methodological studies. Missing data were not imputed in the 1986 NMFS. The NMFS public use data tape has been subjected to a great deal of careful editing. However, due to the large volume of data, it is likely that a small number of errors or discrepancies remain undetected. Some continuous data items have extremely high or low values and we have verified that the values have not been incorrectly keyed. Some consistency checks between different items for an individual have been done, but there may be items on the file that have not been cross-checked. Generally, any inconsistencies between items have not been changed because it is impossible to determine which item is correct. It is NCHS policy that public use data tapes for elementary units (persons, events, or health facilities and services) be released in a manner that will not compromise the confidentiality guaranteed the respondents who supplied the original data. The measures taken to protect confidential information on NMFS decedents and respondents follow the practices of NCHS. Personal names and addresses, and certificate numbers of vital records do not appear on the data tape. In addition, because of the amount of information about each decedent obtained from the informant questionnaire, & the linking of multiple sources of data for each decedent, no geographic information below the state level is shown on this file. Additional information on data processing procedures is provided in Methods and Response Characteristics: 1986 National Mortality Followback Survey (forthcoming). ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. National Center for Health Statistics: Replication: An approach to the analysis of data from complex surveys, by P.J. McCarthy. Vital and Health Statistics. PHS Pub. No. 1000-Series 2 - No. 14. Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. Government Printing, April 1966, p. 12. 2. World Health Organization. The International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM). Edward Brothers, Inc., Ann Arbor. 1980RECORD LAYOUT, RECORD NUMBER 1 LOCATIONS 1-37 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 1 Card number ALL Card sequence number 1 2-6 Decedent control ALL Survey sample number number various 7 Reserved position 8 Flag for death ALL Matching death 0 certificate certificate No matching certificate 1 9 Veteran code ALL Yes, Veteran 1 (CMS) No, Not veteran 2 Unknown 8 Not stated 9 10 Race (CMS) ALL White 1 Black 2 Other (other than White, Black, American Indian, Aleut or Eskimo) 3 American Indian, Aluet, Eskimo 4 11-12 State of Death ALL Alabama (AL) 01 Code (From Death Alaska (AK) 02 Certificate) Arizona (AZ) 03 Arkansas (AR) 04 California(CA) 05 Colorado (CO) 06 Connecticut(CT) 07 Delaware (DE) 08 District of Columbia(DC) 09 Florida (FL) 10 Georgia (GA) 11 Hawaii (HI) 12 Idaho (ID) 13 Illinois (IL) 14 Indiana (IN) 15 Iowa (IA) 16 Kansas (KS) 17 Kentucky (KY) 18 Louisiana (LA) 19 Maine (ME) 20 Maryland (MD) 21 Massachusetts (MA) 22 Michigan (MI) 23 Minnesota (MN) 24 Mississippi (MS) 25 Missouri (MO) 26 Montana (MT) 27 Nebraska (NE) 28 Nevada (NV) 29 New Hampshire (NH) 30 New Jersey (NJ) 31 New Mexico (NM) 32 New York (NY) 33 North Carolina (NC) 34 North Dakota (ND) 35 Ohio (OH) 36 Oklahoma (OK) 37 Oregon (OR) 38 Pennsylvania (PA) 39 Rhode Island (RI) 40 South Carolina (SC) 41 South Dakota (SD) 42 Tennessee (TN) 43 Texas (TX) 44 Utah (UT) 45 Vermont (VT) 46 Virginia (VA) 47 Washington (WA) 48 West Virginia (WV) 49 Wisconsin (WI) 50 Wyoming (WY) 51 13 County of death ALL Less than 250,000 population 0 250,000 population or more 1 Unknown blank 14 County of death ALL Counties & county 001-nnn equivalents (independent and coextensive cities) are alphabetically numbered within each state. (Note: To uniquely identify a county, both the state and county code must be used.) 17-18 State of residence ALL (See description and values for state of occurence.) 19 County of residence ALL Less than 250,000 population 0 population size 250,000 population or more 1 Unknown blank 20-22 County of residence ALL Counties & county 001-nnn equivalents (independent and coextensive cities) are alphabetically numbered within each state. (Note: To uniquely identify a county, both the state & county code must be used.) Unknown blank 23-24 Total facilities ALL Number of facilities decedent stayed in during last year of life Number 00-94 NA 98 Out-of-universe 99 25-27 Nights in hospitals ALL Nights 000-365 and nursing homes NA 998 Out-of-universe 999 28-30 Nights in other ALL Nights 000-365 facilities NA 998 Out-of-universe 999 31-33 Total nights in ALL Nights 000-365 all facilities NA 998 Out-of-universe 999 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 34 Relationship of Death ALL Husband or Wife 1 Certificate Informant Father or Mother 2 From Death Certificate) Son or Daughter 3 Brother or Sister 4 Neighbor or Friend 5 Other Female Relative 6 Other Male Relative 7 Other Relative, Sex 8 Not Specificed Other Person (i.e., 9 None of the Above) Not Stated/Not on 0 Certificate 35 Questionnaire Version ALL NMF-1, First Mail 1 (Final)1 NMF-2, Second Mail 2 NMF-4, Field Follow-up 4 NMF-5, Staff Informant 5 No Questionnaire 2 BLANK 36-37 Mailing Phase Check ALL Complete Return 01 -In Code Incomplete-Fail Edit 02 Refused 03 Out-of-Scope3 04 No Informant Identifiable 05 Facility Informant 06 Deceased Informant, 07 No New Informant Post Master Return 08 (PMR) Without Correction Post Master Return 09 (PMR) With Correction New Informant 10 Unresolved Return/Referral 11 No Response 00 1 Version Processed 2 Final status determined from other than a survey questionnaire (e.g., Congressional refusal, no informant identified from Death Certificate sources, etc.) and final questionnaire version unknown or no questionnaire ever mailed. 3 Nonresident Informant Questionnaire Data Items (Locations 38-631) Locations 38-50 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE SC 001 38 Mode of Interview ALL Telephone 1 Personal 2 Mail 3 NA 8 No Questionnaire4 BLANK SC 002 39 Final status of Check-in Complete 1 case sent to field Code = 06- Partial 2 11,00 Refused 3 Cannot Contact by 4 Phone/Lives Outside PSU Cannot Contact 5 - Other Reason Cannot Locate 6 Decedent Was Not 7 Resident of USA Other 8 Out-of-Universe 9 SC 004 40 "Did you receive Questionnaire Yes 1 the Questionnaire Version = 4, No 2 we mailed you?" SC 002 = 1 DK 3 or 2 Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 Dk (coded) 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 SC 005 41-43 Age at Death Interviews5 Age 015-120 Refused 996 DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 4 Includes no questionnaire ever sent because no informant ever identified. 5 Mailing phase check-in code (position 36-37) = 1 or 2 or final status of field cases (SC 002) = 1 or 2 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE SC 006 44-45 Relationship- Decedent Interviews Husband or Wife 01 Informant Father or Mother 02 Son or Daughter 03 Brother or Sister 04 Neighbor or Friend 05 Other - Undefined 06 Other Relative 07 Nonrelative 08 Staff Person 09 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 SC 007 46 "Did you ever live Interviews Yes 1 in the same home with (Not NMF-5) No 2 the person since the Multiple Answers 5 person became 25 years Refused 6 of age?" DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 SC 008 47-48 Since person became Interviews Less than 1 Year 01 25, how many years (Not NMF-5), 1 Year to Less 02 altogether did you than 5 Years live with the person?" SC 007<> 2 5 Years to Less 03 than 10 Years 10 Years to Less than 20 Years 04 20 Years or More 05 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE SC 009 49 "...was the person Interviews Yes 1 ever admitted to a No 2 nursing home?" Multiple Answers 5 REFUSED 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 SC 010 50 "What was total time Interviews, Less than 3 Months 1 spent in nursing homes SC 009 <>2 3 Months to Less than 2 over entire lifetime?" 1 year 1 Year to Less than 3 5 Years 5 Years or More 4 Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 Locations 51-102 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE SC 011 51 "Was person an over- Interviews Yes 1 night patient in a No 2 hospital or a resident Multiple Answers 5 in a nursing home Refused 6 (during the last year DK 7 of life)?" NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 SC 013 52-54 Nights in Hospital(s) - Interviews, Nights 000-365 Last year of life SC 011 <>2 Refused 996 DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE SC 014 55-57 Nights in nursing Interviews, Nights 000-365 home(s) - Last year SC 011 <>2 Refused 996 of life DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 SC 015 58 "Did the person stay Interviews Yes 1 overnight in any other No 2 type of facility pro- Multiple Answers 5 viding health care Refused 6 (during the last year DK 7 of life)?" NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 59 SC 023 "Did the person Interviews Yes 1 receive hospice care (Not NMF-5) No 2 at home (during last Multiple Answers 5 year of life)?" Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 60-61 SC 024 "How many times did the Interviews None 00 person see a medical 1 01 doctor (during the last 2-4 02 year of life)?" 5-9 03 10-14 04 15-24 05 25-49 06 50 or More 07 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE SC 025 62 "Did the person see a Interviews psychiatrist, etc. about personal, emotional, etc. problems (during the last year of life)?" SC 026 63 "Was the person on a Interviews waiting list to get into a (Not NMF-5) nursing home (during the last year of life)?" SC 027 64 "Did the person get into a Interviews nursing home before he/she (Not NMF-5), died?" SC 026 <>2 SC 028 65 "Was the person on a Interviews waiting list to get Hospice (Not NMF-5) care (during the last year of life)?" SC 029 Yes 1 66 "Did the person get Hospice Interviews No 2 care before he/she died?" (Not NMF-5), Multiple Answers 5 SC 028 <> 2 Refused 6 DK 7 SC 030 NA 8 67 "Was the person on a Interviews Out-of-Universe 9 waiting list to get home- (Not NMF-5) maker service (during the last year of life)?" LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE SC 031 68 "Did the person get home- Interviews maker service before (Not NMF-5), he/she died?" SC 030 <> 2, SC 032 69 "Was the person on a Interviews Yes 1 waiting list to get (Not NMF-5) No 2 visiting nurse service Multiple Answers 5 (during the last year of Refused 6 life)?" DK 7 SC 033 NA 8 70 "Did the person get Interviews Out-of-Universe 9 visiting nurse service (Not NMF-5), before he/she died?" SC 032 <> 2 SC 034 71 "Was the person covered Interviews by Medicare?" SC 037/038 72-88 Sources Used for Health Interviews Care Payment 72 o Self or Family Living with Person 73 o Family Not Living with Reported 1 Person Not Reported 2 74 o Medicare Refused All6 75 o Medicaid DK 17 7 76 o HMO NA Char- 8 77 o Private Health Insurance Out-of-Universe act- 9 78 o Veterans Administration No payments ers 0 79 o Indian Health Service 80 o Another Government Program (Undefined) (Note: SC 037/038 continues on the next page. LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 81 o Another Source (Undefined) 82 o Social Security Reported 1 83 o Social Security Disability Not Reported 2 84 o Public Assistance/Welfare Refused All 17 6 85 o Employer or Union DK Characters 7 86 o Philanthropy NA 8 87 o Federal Employee Health Out-of-Universe 9 Benefit Program No Payments 0 88 o CHAMPUS/CHAMP-VA SC 039 89-90 Source Which Interviews, Self or Family Living with Person 01 Paid Most for SC 037/ Family Not Living with Person 02 Health Care 038 <>0 Medicare 03 Medicaid 04 HMO 05 Private Health Insurance 06 VA 07 Indian Health Service 08 Undefined Government Program 09 Undefined Other Source 10 Social Security 11 Social Security Disability 12 Public Assistance/Welfare 13 Employer or Union 14 Philanthropy 15 F.E.H.B.P. 16 CHAMPUS/CHAMP-VA 17 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE SC 040 91-92 Total Amount of Own Money Interviews Less than $200 01 Paid for Medical Care (Not NMF-5) $200 - $499 02 (During Last Year of Life) $500 - $999 03 $1000 - $1999 04 $2000 - $2999 05 $3000 - $4999 06 $5000 - $9999 07 $10000 - $14999 08 $15000 - $19999 09 $20000 - $24999 10 $25000 or more 11 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Service 99 SC 041 93 "Did the person receive Interviews Yes 1 help or use special equip- No 2 ment in walking (during Multiple Answers 5 last year of life)?" Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE SC 042 94-97 "How long was person Interviews, unable to walk or SC 041 <> 2 receive help, or use special equip- ment in walking?" 94-96 UNITS Units 001-994 Not Reported 000 Refused 996 DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 97 PERIOD Period: Minutes 1 Hours 2 Days 3 Weeks 4 Months 5 Years 6 Not Stated 7 Childhood Onset 8 Refused/DK/NA/Out-of-Universe 9 SC 043 98 "Did the person receive Interviews (See Description and Values help or use special equip- for SC 041) ment in eating (during last of life)?" SC 044 99-102 "How long did person Interviews receive help or use SC 043 <> 2 special equipment in eating?" 99-101 UNITS (See Description and Values for SC 042) 102 PERIOD Locations 103-150 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE SC 045 103 "Did the person receive Interviews (See Description and Values help or use special equip- for SC 041) ment in bathing (during last year of life)?" SC 046 104 "How long did person Interviews, receive help or use special SC 045 <> 2 equipment in bathing?" 104-106 UNITS (See Description and Values for SC 042) 107 PERIOD SC 047 108 "Did the person receive Interviews (See Description and Values help or use special equip- for SC 41) ment in dressing (during the last year of life)?" SC 048 109-112 "How long did person Interviews, receive help or use SC 047 <> 2 special equipment in dressing?" 109-111 UNITS (See Description and Values for SC 042) 112 PERIOD SC 049 "Did the person receive Interviews (See Description and Values help or use special equip- for SC 041) ment in using the toilet (during the last year of life?)" LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE SC 050 113 "How long did person Interviews, receive help or use SC 049 <> 2 special equipment in using the toilet?" 114-116 UNITS (See Description and Values for SC 042) 117 PERIOD SC 051 118 "For how much of last year Interviews None of the Year 0 of life was the person Less than Half the Year 1 in a nursing home, At Least Half, but 2 health, care facility Not All the Year or institution?" All of the Year 3 Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 SC 052 119 "Did the person receive Interviews, Yes 1 help at home in walking, (Not NMF-5), No 2 eating, bathing, dressing, SC 051 <> 3 Multiple Answers 5 or using the toilet (during Refused 6 last year of life)?" DK 7 NA 8 SC 053 Out-of-Universe 9 120 "Did anyone help the per- son at home in giving medicine, pills, injec- tions, changing bandages, or provide nursing care (during the last year of life)?" LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE SC 055/056 121-141 Who helped the person at Interviews (Not NMF-5), home: SC 051 <> 3, and SC 052 121 o Husband or Wife and 053 <> 2 122 o Son(s) 123 o Daughter(s) 124 o Other Relative (Undefined) 125 o Neighbor or Friend(s) 126 o Visiting Nurse 127 o Visiting Homemaker Reported 1 128 o Other (Undefined) Not Reported 2 129 o Father Refused 6 130 o Mother DK All 21 7 131 o Brother(s) NA Characters 8 132 o Sister(s) Out-of-Universe 9 133 o Son(s)-in-Law 134 o Daughter(s)-in-Law 135 o Grandson(s) 136 o Granddaughter(s) 137 o Grandchild(ren) 138 o Nephew(s) 139 o Niece(s) 140 o Other Male Relative(s) 141 o Other Female Relative(s) LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE SC 057 142 "How often did person have Interviews trouble understanding where All or Most 1 of the Time he/she was (during last year Some of the Time 2 of life)?" Only in Last Few Hours 3 or Days before Death SC 058 Never or Hardly Ever 4 143 "How often did person have Interviews Multiple Answers 5 trouble remembering what Refused 6 year it was (during last DK 7 year of life)?" NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 SC 059 144 "How often did person have Interviews trouble recognizing family or friends (during last year of life)?" SC 060 145 "Did the person ever sign Interviews Yes 1 a living will?" No 2 Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE SC 061 146 "Did anyone have a problem Interviews finding or getting the (Not NMF-5) person into a nursing home (during the last 3 years of life)?" SC 062 147 "Did anyone have a problem Interviews getting help for the person (Not NMF-5) at home (during the last year of life)?" Yes - Very Serious 1 Yes - Somewhat Serious 2 SC 063 148 "Did anyone have a problem Interviews No or Not Applicable 3 paying the medical bills (Not NMF-5) Multiple Answers 5 for the person (during the Refused 6 last year of life)?" DK 7 NA 8 SC 064 149 "Did anyone have a problem Interviews Out-of-Universe 9 finding or getting treat- (Not NMF-5) ment for the person from a doctor (during the last year of life)?" SC 065 150 "Did the person ever have Interviews Yes 1 high blood pressure or No 2 hypertension?" Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 Locations 151-200 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE SC 066 151-154 "How long before death Interviews was the high blood SC 065 <> 2 pressure or hypertenison first noticed?" 151-153 UNITS Units 001-994 Not Reported 000 Refused 996 DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 154 PERIOD Period: Minutes 1 Hours 2 Days 3 Weeks 4 Months 5 Years 6 Not Stated 7 Childhood Onset 8 Refused/DK/NA/Out-of-Universe 9 SC 067 155 Did a doctor prescribe Interviews, Yes 1 medicine for the high SC 065 <> 2 No 2 blood pressure?" Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE SC 068 156 "How often did the person Interviews Very Regularly 1 take the prescribed high SC 065 <> 2, Not Very Regularly 2 blood pressure medicine?" and Hardly At All or Never 3 SC 067 <> 2 Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 SC 069 157 "Did the person ever Interviews Yes 1 have a heart attack?" No 2 Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 SC 070 158-161 "How long before death did Interviews, the person have the first SC 069 <> 2 heart attack?" 158-160 UNITS (See Description and Values for SC 066) 161 PERIOD SC 071 162 "Did the person ever Interviews (See Description and Values have Angina Pectoris?" for SC 065) SC 072 163-166 "How long before death was Interviews, the Angina Pectoris first SC 071 <> 2 noticed?" 163-165 UNITS (See Description and Values for SC 066) 166 PERIOD LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE SC 073 167 "Did the person ever have Interviews (See Description and Values a stroke in which the con- for SC 065) ditions lasted one day or longer?" SC 074 168-170 "At what age did the person Interviews Age 001-120 have the first stroke?" SC 073 <> 2 Childhood Onset 995 Refused 996 DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 SC 075 176 "Did a doctor ever say Interviews (See Description and Values the person had Alzheimer's for SC 065) disease, ..., or any other serious memory impairment?" SC 076 172-175 "How long before death Interviews, was the (memory impair- SC 075 <> 2 ment condition) first diagnosed?" 172-174 UNITS (See Description and Values for SC 066) 175 PERIOD SC 077 176 "Did the person ever have Interviews (See Description and Values any other mental, nervous, for SC 065) or emotional problem?" LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE SC 078 177-180 "How long before death Interviews, was the mental, nervous, SC 077 <> 2 or emotional problem first noticed?" 177-179 UNITS (See Description and Values for SC 066) 180 PERIOD SC 079 181 "Did the person ever Interviews (See Description and Values have diabetes?" for SC 065) 182-185 SC 080 "How long before death Interviews, was the diabetes first SC 079 <> 2 noticed?" 182-184 UNITS (See Description and Values for SC 066) 185 PERIOD 186 SC 081 "Was Cancer the main Interviews (See Description and Values condition leading to for SC 065) death?" 187-190 SC 082 "How long before death Interviews, was the Cancer first SC 081 <> 2 noticed?" 187-189 UNITS (See Description and Values for SC 066) 190 PERIOD 191 SC 083 "Did the person ever have Interviews, (See Description and Values Cancer, except skin SC 081 <> 1 for SC 065) cancer?" LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 192-195 SC 084 "How long before death Interviews, was this Cancer first SC 081 <> 1, noticed?" and SC 083 <> 2 192-194 UNITS (See Description and Values for SC 066) 195 PERIOD 196 SC 085 "Did the person ever Interviews (See Description and Values have Asthma?" for 065) 197-200 SC 086 "How long before death Interviews, was the Asthma first SC 085 <> 2 noticed?" 197-199 UNITS (See Description and Values for SC 066) 200 PERIOD Locations 201-252 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 201 SC 087 "Did the person ever have Interviews (See Description and Values any Other Lung Condition for SC 065) lasting 3 months or longer?" 202-205 SC 088 "How long before death was Interviews, the first Lung Condition SC 087 <> 2 first noticed?" 202-204 UNITS (See Description and Values for SC 066) 205 PERIOD 206 SC 089 "Did the person ever have Interviews (See Description and Values Cirrhosis of the liver?" for SC 065) LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 207-210 SC 090 "How long before death Interviews, was the Cirrhosis first SC 089 <> 2 noticed?" 207-209 UNITS (See Description and Values for SC 066) 210 PERIOD 211 SC 091 "Was person ever near Interviews (See Description and Values for to death, but lived SC 065) on?" 212 SC 092 "How long before death Interviews, Less than 3 months 1 was the person thought SC 091 <> 2 3 months to less than 2 to be near death, but 1 year lived on?" 1 year to less than 3 5 years 5 years or more 4 Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 213-214 SC 093 "Where did the person Interviews Hospital Emergency Room 01 die?" Hospital (Excl. 02 Emergency Room) On way to hospital 03 Nursing or personal 04 care home Own home 05 Other place (undefined) 06 Other's home 07 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 215 SC 094 "Was informant with Interviews Yes 1 person within the hour (Not NMF-5) No 2 before death?" Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 216-223 SC 095 "What was the person Interviews doing an hour before (Not NMF-5) death?" 216 - Confined to bed or chair 217 - Working Reported 1 218 - Quiet Recreation Not reported 2 219 - Active Recreation Refused 6 220 - Sleeping DK 7 221 - Other (undefined) NA All 8 Characters 8 222 - Comatose/Unconscious Out-of-Universe 9 223 - Eating 224 SC 096 "Did the person have a Interviews Yes 1 new or sharply increased (Not NMF-5) No 2 problem within the hour Multiple Answers 5 before death?" Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 225 SC 098 "Did the person ever Interviews Yes 1 regularly take birth (Not NMF-5), No 2 control pills?" Sex6 = 2 Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 226 SC 099 "How long did she take Interviews Less than 1 year 1 birth control pills?" (Not NMF-5), 1 year to less than 5 years 2 Sex = 2, 5 years to less than 3 and 10 years SC 098 <) 2 10 years or more 4 Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 227-228 SC 100 "At what age did she Interviews Age 10-60 start taking birth (Not NMF-5), Childhood 95 control pills?" Sex = 2, Refused 96 and DK 97 SC 098 <> 2 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 229-230 SC 101 "How many live births did Interviews Live births 00-30 she ever have?" (Not NMF-5), Refused 96 Sex = 2 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 6 Sex is found in position 33. LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 231 SC 102 "Did she ever have a Interviews, Yes 1 hysterectomy?" Sex7 = 2 No 2 Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 232-234 SC 103 "How old was she when she Interviews Age 001-120 had the hysterectomy?" (Not NMF-5), Childhood 995 Sex = 2, Refused 996 and DK 997 SC 102 <> 2 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 235 SC 104 "Had her periods ended Interviews Yes 1 due to menopause (Not NMF-5), No 2 before the Sex = 2, Multiple Answers 5 hysterectomy?" and Refused 6 102 <> 2 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 236 SC 105 "Had her periods ended Interviews, Yes 1 due to menopause?" (Not NMF-5), No 2 Sex = 2, Multiple Answers 5 and Refused 6 SC 102 <> 2 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 7 Sex is found in position 33. LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 237-238 SC 106 "How Old Was She When Interviews Age 30 to 70 Her Menstrual Periods (Not NMF-5), Childhood 95 ended"? Sex = 2, Refused 96 SC 104 <> 2, or DK 97 SC 105 <> 2 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 239 SC 107 "Did the Person Ever Interviews Yes 1 Have an Operation No 2 to be Sterilized?" Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 240-242 SC 108 "How Old Was the Person Interviews, Age 001 to 100 When He/She Had the SC 107 <> 2 Childhood 995 Operation to Be Refused 996 Sterilized?" DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 243-252 "How Often Did the Interviews Every Day 01 Person Eat:" 243-244 SC 109 Red Meat? (Not NMF-5) 3-6 Times a Week 02 245-246 SC 110 Eggs or Dairy Products? 1 or 2 Times a Week 03 247-248 SC 111 Fruit? 1-3 Times a Month 04 249-250 SC 112 Vegetables? Less Than Once a Month 05 251-252 SC 113 Salt-Cured or Smoked Foods? Never 06 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 Locations 253-300 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 253-254 SC 114 Informant's Assessment of Interviews Very Overweight 01 the Person's Usual Adult (Not NMF-5) Somewhat Overweight 02 Weight. A Little Overweight 03 Underweight 04 About Right 05 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 255-257 SC 115 Person's Usual Adult Interviews Pounds 035 to 700 Weight. (Not NMF-5) Refused 996 DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 258-261 Person's Adult Height Interviews 258-259 SC 116 Feet (Not NMF-5) Feet 02 to 08 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 260-261 SC 117 Inches Inches 00 to 11 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 262 SC 118 "Did the Person Smoke at Least Interviews Yes 1 100 Cigarettes in His/Her (Not NMF-5) No 2 Entire Life?" Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 263-265 SC 119 "How Long Did the Person Interviews Never Soked 000 Smoke Cigarettes (Not NMF-5) Regularly Regularly?" SC 118 <> 2 Years 001 to 120 Childhood Onset 993 Less Than 1 Year 994 Multiple Answers 995 Refused 996 DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 266-267 SC 120 "How Many Cigarettes a Day Interviews Less Than 5 01 Did the Person Smoke (When (Not NMF-5), 5-14 02 Smoked the Most)?" SC 118 <> 2, and 15-24 03 SC 119 <> 000 25-34 04 35-44 05 45 or more 06 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 268 SC 121 "Did the Person Stop Smoking Interviews Yes 1 and Not Start Again?" (Not NMF-5), No 2 SC 118 <> 2 Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 269-272 SC 122 "How Long Before Death Did Interviews the Person Stop Smoking?" (Not NMF-5), SC 118 <> 2, SC 121 <> 2 269-271 UNITS UNITS 001 TO 994 Not Reported 000 Refused 996 DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 272 PERIOD PERIOD: Minutes 1 Hours 2 Days 3 Weeks 4 Months 5 Years 6 Not Stated 7 Chidlhood 8 Ref/DK/NA/ 9 Out-of- Universe 273 SC 123 "Did the Person Ever Regularly Interviews Yes 1 Use Chewing Tobacco?" (Not NMF-5) No 2 Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 Page 32 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 274-276 SC 124 "How Long Did the Person Use Interviews Chewing Tobacco?" (Not NMF-5), Years 001 to 120 SC 123 <> 2 Childhood 993 Less Than 1 Year 994 Multiple Answers 995 Refused 996 DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 277-278 SC 125 "How Often Did the Person Interviews 5+ Times a Day 01 Use Chewing Tobacco?" (Not NMF-5), 3-4 Times a Day 02 SC 123 <> 2 1-2 Times a Day 03 3-6 Times a Week 04 1-2 Times a Week 05 1-3 Times a Month 06 Less Than Once 07 a Month Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 279 SC 126 "Did the Person Ever Interviews (See Description and Values Regularly Use Snuff"? (Not NMF-5) for SC 123) 280-282 SC 127 "How Long Did the Person Interviews (See Description and Values Use Snuff?" (Not NMF-5) for SC 124) SC 126 <>2 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 283-284 SC 128 "How Often Did the Person Interviews (See Description and Values Use Stuff"? (Not NMF-5) for SC 125) SC 126 <> 2 285 SC 129 "Did the Person Have At Interviews Yes 1 Least 12 Drinks of Any (Not NMF-5) No 2 Kind of Alcoholic Multiple Answers 5 Beverage (During Adult Refused 6 Life)?" DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 286-287 SC 130 "How Often Did the Person Interviews Every Day 01 Drink Alcoholic (Not NMF-5), 3-6 Times a Week 02 Beverages?" SC 129 <> 2 1-2 Times a Week 03 1-3 Times a Month 04 Less Than Once a 05 Month Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 288-289 SC 131 "How Many Drinks Did the Interviews Twelve or more 01 Person Have Per Day?" (Not NMF-5), 7-11 02 SC 129 <> 2 5-6 03 3-4 04 2 05 1 06 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 290 SC 132 "How Frequently Did the Interviews Very Regularly 1 Person Exercise (Not NMF-5) Not Very Regularly 2 Vigorously At Least 3 Hardly At All or Never 3 Times a Week, For At Multiple Answers 5 Least 20 Minutes Each Refused 6 Time (During The Last DK 7 10 Years)?" NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 291 SC 133 "Did the Person Ever Work Interviews Yes 1 At A Paying Job or No 2 Business?" Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 292-294 SC 134 Longest Occupation- Interviews, 3-digest 03 to 905 Decedent SC 133 <> 2 Occupation Code (See 1980 Industry and Occupation Classification) Refused 996 DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 295-296 SC 135 "How Many Years Did the Interviews Less Than 1 Year 01 Person Do This Kind of (Not NMF-5), 1 to Less Than 5 Years 02 Work?" SC 133 <> 2 5 to Less Than 10 Years 03 10 to Less Than 20 Years 04 20 to Less Than 30 Years 05 30 to Less Than 40 Years 06 40 Years or More 07 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 297-299 SC 136 Longest Industry- Interviews, Digit Industry 010 to 932 Decedent SC 133 <> 2 (See 1980 Industry and Occupation Classification) Armed Forces 942 Refused 996 DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 300 SC 137 "Was the Person Employed Interviews Yes 1 up Until the Time of (Not NMF-5), No 2 Death?" SC 133 <> 2 Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 Locations 301-351 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 301-302 SC 138 "Why Did the Person Interviews Health or Disability 01 stop Working?" Not NMF-5) Loss of Job 02 SC 133 <>2,and Normal Retirement 03 SC 137 <> 1 Other Reason (Undefined) 04 Marriage 05 Care of Family/ 06 Children, Pregnancy Moved 07 Job Ended, 08 Company Closed Laid Off 09 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 303-306 SC 139 "How Long Before Death Was Interviews the Last Time the Person SC 133 <>2, Worked?" and SC 137 <> 1 303-305 UNITS Units 001 to 994 Not Reported 000 Refused 996 DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 306 PERIOD Period: Minutes 1 Hours 2 Days 3 Weeks 4 Months 5 Years 6 Not Stated 7 Childhood 8 Ref/DK/NA/ 9 Out-of-Universe 307 SC 140 "Did the Person's Spouse Interviews Yes 1 Ever Work At A Paying (Not NMF-5) No 2 Job or Business?" Never Married 3 Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 308-310 SC 141 Longest Occuptaion - Interviews 3-Digit 003 to 905 Spouse (Not NMF-5), Occupation Codes SC 140,<>2 or (See 1980 Industry and 3 Occupation Classification) Refused 996 DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 311-313 SC 142 Longest Industry - Interviews 3-Digit 010 to 932 Spouse (Not NMF-5), Industry Code SC 140 <> 2 (See 1980 Industry and or 3 Occupation Classification) Armed Force 942 Refused 996 DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 314-315 SC 143 Family Size Interviews Decedent Institution- 00 During 1985 (Not NMF-5) alized in 1985 1 (Decedent Lived Alone) 01 2 Persons 02 3 Persons 03 4 Persons 04 5 Persons 05 6 Persons 06 7 Persons 07 8 Persons 08 9+ Persons 09 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 316-317 SC 144 Family's Income Interviews Less Than $5000 01 in 1985 (Not NMF-5) $5000-$6999 02 $7000-$8999 03 $9000-$10999 04 $11000-$12999 05 $13000-$14999 06 $15000-16999 07 $17000-$18999 08 (Note: Descriptions and values for SC 144 continue on the next page.) LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE $19000-$21999 09 $22000-$24999 10 $25000 And Over 11 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 318 SC 145 "Was the Person Ever Interviews Yes 1 on Active Duty in No 2 U.S. Armed Forces?" Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 319 SC 146 "Was the Person on Interviews, Yes 1 Full-Time Active SC 145 <> 2 No 2 Duty with the Multiple Answers 5 Armed Force At the Refused 6 Time of Death?" DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 320-321 SC 147 Decedent's Race - Interviews (1) American Indian, 01 Recoded Aluet, or Eskimo (2) Asian or 02 Pacific Islander (3) Black 03 (4) White 04 (5) Other 05 Multiple Races: (1) and (2)15 (1) and (3)16 (Note: Descriptions and values for SC 147 continue on next page.) LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE (1) and (4) 17 (2) and (3) 18 (2) and (4) 19 (3) and (4) 20 Three or More 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 322 SC 150 "Was the Person of Interviews Yes 1 Spainish or Hispanic No 2 Origin or Descent?" Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 323 SC 151 Decedent's Household Interviews Lived Alone 1 Lived With Others 2 Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 324-339 Household Composition: Interviews, Relationships SC 151 <> 1 324-325 SC 152 Person 1 Spouse 01 326-327 SC 153 Person 2 Son 02 328-329 SC 154 Person 3 Daughter 03 330-331 SC 155 Person 4 Child (Sex Not Specified) 04 332-333 SC 156 Person 5 Brother 05 334-335 SC 157 Person 6 Sister 06 336-337 SC 158 Person 7 Mother 07 338-339 SC 159 Person 8 Father 08 Parent (Sex Not Specified) 09 Grandmother 10 Grandfather 11 Grandparent (Sex Not Specified) 12 Other Male Relative 13 Other Female Relative 14 Other Relative (Sex Not 15 Specified) Son Relative 16 Uncodable Entry 17 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 340-341 SC 160 "What Was the Highest Interviews Less Than 5 Years 01 Grade or Year of 5-7 Years 02 Regular School the 8 Years 03 Person Ever 9-11 Years 04 Completed?" High School Graduate 05 1-3 Years of College 06 4 or More Years of 07 College Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 342-343 SC 161 Decedent's Marital Interviews Married 01 Status at Time of Widowed 02 Death Divorced 03 Separated 04 Never Married 05 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 344-347 SC 162 "How Long Before the Interviews Person's Death Did SC 161 <> 1, the Spouse Die?" 3,4,5 344-346 UNITS Units 001 to 994 Not Reported 000 Refused 996 DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 347 PERIOD Period: Minutes 1 Hours 2 Days 3 Weeks 4 Months 5 Years 6 Not Stated 7 Childhood 8 Ref/DK/NA/ 9 Out-of-Universe 348-349 SC 163 "For How Many Years Interviews, Less Than 1 00 Altogether Was the SC 16 <> 5 Years 01 to 94 Person Married?" Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 350-351 SC 164 "How Many Different Interviews Number of Spouses 01 to 15 Persons Was the (Not NMF-5), Refused 96 Person Ever SC 161 <> 5 DK 97 Married To?" NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 Locations 352-400 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 352-353 SC 165 "What Was the Highest Interviews Less Than 5 Years 01 Grade or Year of (Not NMF-5), 5-7 Years 02 Regular School the SC 161 <> 5 8 Years 03 (Most Recent) Spouse 9-11 Years 04 Completed?" High School Graduate 05 1-3 Years of College 06 4 or More Years of 07 College Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 354 SC 166 "Did (Any) Spouse Interviews Yes 1 Smoke at Least (Not NMF-5), No 2 100 Cigarettes?" SC 161 <> 5 Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 355-356 SC 167 "How Many Cigarettes Interviews Less Than 5 01 A Day Did (This) (Not NMF-5), 5-14 02 Spouse Smoke?" SC 161 <> 5, 15-24 03 and 25-34 04 SC 166 <> 2 35-44 05 45 or More 06 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 357-360 SC 168 "In What Year was Interviews Year of Birth 1800 to 1959 the Person's (Not NMF-5) Refused 9996 Natural Father DK 9997 Was Born?" NA 9998 Out-of-Universe 9999 361-363 SC 169 "At What Age Did the Interviews Still Living 000 Person's Natural (Not NMF-5) Age At Death 0 to 120 Father Die?" Multiple Answers 995 Refused 996 DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 364-367 SC 170 "In What Year Was Interviews Year of Birth 1800 to 1959 the Person's (Not NMF-5) Refused 9996 Natural Mother DK 9997 Born?" NA 9998 Out-of-Universe 9999 368-370 SC 171 "At What Age Did the Interviews Still Living 000 Person's Natural (Not NMF-5) Age At Death 010 to 120 Mother Die?" Multiple Answers 995 Refused 996 DK 997 NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 371 SC 172 "Did the Person's Interviews Yes 1 Natural Father (Not NMF-5) No 2 Ever Have a Heart Multiple Answers 5 Attack?" Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 372-374 SC 173 "About How Old Was Interviews Age 001 to 120 the Person's (Not NMF-5), Childhood 995 Natural Father When SC 172 <> 2 Refused 996 He Had the First DK 997 Heart Attack?" NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 375 SC 174 "Did the Person's Interviews Yes 1 Natural Mother Ever (Not NMF-5) No 2 Have a Heart Attack?" Multiple Answers 5 Refused 6 DK 7 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 376-378 SC 175 "About How Old Was Interviews Age 001 to 120 the Person's Natural (Not NMF-5), Childhood 995 Mother When She Had SC 174 <> 2 Refused 996 the First Heart DK 997 Attack?" NA 998 Out-of-Universe 999 379-380 SC 176 "How Many Brother Did Interviews None 00 the Person Have Who (Not NMF-5) Number of Brother 01 to 30 lived to Be 25+ Years Multiple Answers 95 Old?" Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 381-382 SC 177 "How Many Brothers Interviews None 00 Ever Had A Heart (Not NMF-5), Number of Brothers 01 to 30 Attack?" SC 176 <> 00 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 383-400 Age of Brothers At Heart Attack: 383-385 SC 178 o First Brother Interviews Age At Heart Attack 001 to 120 386-388 SC 179 o Second Brother (Not NMF-5), Childhood Onset 995 389-391 SC 180 o Third Brother SC 176 <> 00 Refused 996 392-394 SC 181 o Fourth Brother and SC DK 997 395-397 SC 182 o Fifth Brother 177 <> 00 NA 998 398-400 SC 183 o Sixth Brother Out-of-Universe 999 Locations 401-567 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 401-402 SC 184 "How Many Sisters Interviews None 00 Did the Person (Not NMF-5) Number of Sisters 01 to 30 Have Who Lived Multiple Answers 95 to Be 25+ Years Refused 96 Old?" DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 403-404 SC 185 "How Many Sisters Interviews None 00 Ever Had A Heart (Not NMF-5), Number of Sisters 01 to 30 Attack?" SC 184 <> 00 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 405-422 Age of Sisters at Heart Attack: 405-407 SC 186 o First Sister Interviews Age At Heart Attack 001 to 120 408-410 SC 187 o Second Sister (Not NMF-5), Childhood Onset 995 411-413 SC 188 o Third Sister SC 184 <> 00 Refused 996 414-416 SC 189 o Fourth Sister and SC 185 DK 997 417-419 SC 190 o Fifth Sister <> 00 NA 998 420-422 SC 191 o Sixth Sister Out-of-Universe 999 423-424 SC 192 Value of Things Owned Interviews Zero Net Worth 00 By the Person (And (Not NMF-5) $ 1-$ 4999 01 Spouse) At Time of $ 5000-$ 24999 02 Death $ 25000-$ 49999 03 $ 50000-$ 99999 04 $100000-$249999 05 $250000-$499999 06 $500000 or More 07 Multiple Answers 95 Refused 96 DK 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 425-430 SC 195 Continuation of (See SC 152-159) (See Description and Values for Household Composition SC 152-159) 425-426 Eleventh Household Member 427-428 Tenth Household Member 429-430 Ninth Household Member LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 431 SC 197 Status of Authorization/ Interviews Authorization Signed 1 Proxy Consent Proxy Consent - "Yes" 2 Authorization Refused 3 Proxy Consent - "No" 4 None of the Above/All Other (includes blanks)8 5 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 432 Payment Source(s) Recode Government Sources Only 1 (From SC 037/038) Private Sources Only 2 Self or Family Only 3 Combination of Sources 4 No Payments 5 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 433-437 SC 042 Days Recode 438-442 SC 044 Days Recode 443-447 SC 046 Days Recode 448-452 SC 048 Days Recode 453-457 SC 050 Days Recode 458-462 SC 066 Days Recode 463-467 SC 070 Days Recode 468-472 SC 072 Days Recode Less Than 1 Day 00000 473-477 SC 076 Days Recode Days 00001 to 43800 478-482 SC 078 Days Recode Childhood Onset (Undefined Days) 99997 483-487 SC 080 Days Recode NA 99998 488-492 SC 082 Days Recode Out-of-Universe 99999 493-497 SC 084 Days Recode 498-502 SC 086 Days Recode 503-507 SC 088 Days Recode 508-512 SC 090 Days Recode 513-517 SC 122 Days Recode 518-522 SC 139 Days Recode 523-527 SC 162 Days Recode 528-529 SC 042 Period Recode Less Than 1 Day 01 530-531 SC 044 Period Recode 1 Day to Less Than 2 Weeks 02 532-533 SC 046 Period Recode 2 Weeks to Less Than 1 Month 03 534-535 SC 048 Period Recode 1 Month to Less Than 3 Months 04 536-537 SC 050 Period Recode 3 Months to Less Than 6 Months 05 538-539 SC 066 Period Recode 6 Months to Less Than 1 Year 06 540-541 SC 070 Period Recode 1 Year to Less Than 2 Years 07 542-543 SC 072 Period Recode 2 Years to Less Than 3 Years 08 544-545 SC 076 Period Recode 3 Years to Less Than 4 Years 09 546-547 SC 078 Period Recode 4 Years to Less Than 5 Years 10 548-549 SC 080 Period Recode 5 Years to Less Than 10 Years 11 550-551 SC 082 Period Recode 10 Years to Less Than 15 Years 12 552-553 SC 084 Period Recode 15 Years to Less Than 20 Years 13 554-555 SC 086 Period Recode 20 Years to Less Than 25 Years 14 556-557 SC 088 Period Recode 25 Years to Less Than 30 Years 15 558-559 SC 090 Period Recode 30 Years to Less Than 40 Years 16 560-561 SC 122 Period Recode 40 Years to Less Than 50 Years 17 562-563 SC 139 Period Recode 50 or More Years 18 564-565 SC 162 Period Recode Childhood Onset - Undefined 97 NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 566 Related Care Providers Recode Relative Provided Care 1 Relative Did Not Provide Care 2 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 567 Professional Care Providers Visiting Nurse/Homemaker Recode Provided Care 1 Visiting Nurse/Homemaker Did Not Provide Care 2 NA 8 Out-of-Universe 9 Locations 568-600 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 568-569 SC 134 Decedent's Detailed Managerial and Professional Speciality: (01 to 12) Occupation Record Executive,Administrative,and Managerial:(01 to 03) Officials and Administrators, Public Admin. 01 570-571 SC 141 Other Executives, Admin. and Managerial 02 Spouse's Detailed Management Related Occupations 03 Occupation Record Professional Speciality Occupations: (04 to 12) Engineers 04 572-573 Death Certificate Mathematical and Computer Scientists 05 Detailed Occupation Natural Scientists 06 Record Health Diagnosing Occupations 07 Health Assessment and Treating Occupations 08 Teachers, College and University 09 Teachers, Except College and University 10 Lawyers and Judges 11 Other Professional Speciality Occupations 12 Technical, Sales, and Administrative Support (13 to 26) Technicians and Related Support: (13 to 15) Health Technologists and Technicians 13 Engineering and Science Technicians 14 Other Technicians 15 Sales Occupations: (16 to 20) Supervisors and Proprietors 16 Sales Reps., Finance and Business Serv. 17 Sales Reps., Commodities Except Retail 18 Sales Workers, Retail and Personal Serv. 19 Sales Related Occupations 20 Administrative Support, Incl. Clerical: (21 to 26) Supervisors 21 Computer Equipment Operators 22 Secretaries, Stenographers, and Typists 23 (Note: Descriptions and values for occupation recodes continued on the next page.) 8 Includes authorization not signed or proxy consent not asked for. LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE Financial Records Processing 24 Mail and Message Distributing 25 Other Admin. Support, Incl. Clerical 26 Service Occupations (27 to 32) Private Household 27 Protective Services 28 Other Service: (29 to 32) Food Service 29 Health Service 30 Cleaning and Building Service 31 Personal Service 32 Precision Production,Craft,and Repair (33 to 35) Mechanics and Repairers 33 Construction Trades 34 Other Precision Production,Craft,and Repair 35 Operators, Fabricators, and Laborers (36 TO 42) Machine Operators, Assemblers, and Inspectors: (36 to 37) Machine Operators and Tenders, except Precision 36 Fabricators, Assemblers, Inspectors & Samplers 37 Transportation and Material Moving: (38 to 39) Motor Vehicle Operators 38 Other Transportation and Material Moving Occ. 39 Handlers, Equipment Cleaners, Helpers, and Laborers (40 to 42) Construction Laborers 40 Freight, Stock, and Material Handlers 41 Other Handlers, Equip. Cleaners, Helpers and Laborers 42 Farming, Forestry, & Fishing Occupations(43 to 45) Farm Operators and Managers 43 (Note: Descriptions and values for occupation recodes continued on the next page.) LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE Farm Workers and Related Occupations 44 Forestry and Fishing Occupations 45 Armed Forces 46 Retired (Death Certificate Only) 47 Homemaker, Student, Volunteer (Death Certificate Only) 48 None/Never Worked (Death Certificate Only) 49 Refused/DK/NA 98 Out-of-Universe, Blank (Death Certificate) 99 574-575 Goods-Producing Industries - (01 to 28) Agriculture: (01 to 02) 576-577 Agriculture Services 01 Other Agriculture 02 578-579 Mining 03 Construction 04 Manufacturing: (05 to 28) Durable Goods (05 to 18) Lumber and Wood, Except Furniture 05 Furniture and Fixtures 06 Stone, Clay, Glass, Concrete 07 Metal Industries (08 to 10) Primary Metals 08 Fabricated Metals 09 Not Specified Metal Industries 10 Machinery, Except Electrical 11 Electrical Machinery, Equip.,and Supplies12 Transportation Equipment (13 to 15) Motor Vehicles and Equipment 13 Other Transportation Equipment (14 to 15) Aircraft and Parts 14 Other Transportation Equip. 15 Professional and Photo Equip., Watches 16 Toys, musement, and Sporting Goods 17 Misc. and Nec. Manufacturing Industries 18 Nondurable Goods (19 to 28) Food and Kindred Products 19 Tobacco Manufacturers 20 Textile Mill Products 21 Apparel and Other Finished Textile Products 22 Paper and Allied Products 23 Printing, Publishing, and Allied Ind. 24 Chemicals and Allied Products 25 Petroleum and Coal Products 26 Rubber and Misc. Plastics Products 27 Leather and Leather Products 28 Service-Producing Industries - (29 to 46) Transportation, Communications, and Public Utilities: (29 to 31) Transportation 29 Communications and Public Utilities (30 to 31) Communications 30 Utilities and Sanitary Services 31 Wholesale and Retail Trade: (32 to 33) Wholesale Trade 32 Retail Trade 33 Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate (34 to 35) Banking and Other Finance 34 Insurance and Real Estate 35 Services (36 to 46) Private Household 36 Misc. Services (37 to 46) Business and Repair Services (37 to 38) Business Services 37 Repair Services 38 Personal Services, Except Private Household 39 Entertainment and Recreation Services 40 Professional and Related Services (41 to 45) Hospitals 41 Health Services, Except Hospitals 42 Educational Services 43 Social Services 44 Other Professional Services 45 Forestry and Fisheries 46 Public Administration: (47 to 50) Justice, Public Order and Safety 47 Human Resource Programs 48 National Security and International Affairs49 Other Public Administration 50 Armed Forces 51 Retired from Unknown Industry (Death 52 Certificate Only) None/Never Worked/Home Housework (Death 53 Certificate Only) Refused/DK/NA 98 Out-of-Universe, Blank (Death Certificate) 99 580-581 SC 134 Managerial and Professional Speciality Occupations - (01 to 02) 582-583 SC 141 Executive, Administrative, and Managerial 01 Professional Speciality 02 584-585 Technical, Sales, and Administrative Support - (03 to 05) Technical and Related Support 03 Sales 04 Administrative Support, including Chemical 05 Service Occupations - (06 to 08) Private Household 06 Protective Service 07 Other Service Occupations 08 Precision Production, Craft and Repair Occupations 09 Operators, Fabricators, and Laborers - (10 to 12) Machine Operators, Assemblers, and Inspectors 10 Transportation and Material Moving 11 Handlers, Equip. Cleaners, Helpers, Laborers 12 Farming, Forestry, and Fishing 13 Armed Forces 14 Retired (Death Certificate Only) 15 Homemaker, Student, Volunteer (Death Certificate Only) 16 None/Never Worked (Death Certificate Only) 17 Refused/DK/NA 98 Out-of-Universe, Blank (Death Certificate) 99 586-587 SC 136 Decedent's Agriculture 01 Major Industry Record Mining 02 588-589 SC 142 Spouse's Construction 03 Major Industry Record Manufacturing (04 to 05) 590-591 Death Certificate Durable Goods 04 Major Industry Record Nondurable Goods 05 Transportation,Communications,and Public Utilities (06 to 08) Transportation 06 Communications 07 Utilities and Sanitary Services 08 Wholesale and Retail Trade - (09 to 10) Wholesale Trade 09 Retail Trade 10 Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate 11 Services - (12 to 21) Private Households 12 Misc. Services: (13 to 20) Business and Repair Services 13 Personal Services, Except Private Household 14 Entertainment and Recreation Services 15 Professional and Related Services (16 to 20) Hospitals 16 Medical Services, Except Hospitals 17 Educational Services 18 Social Services 19 Other Professional Services 20 Forestry and Fisheries 21 Public Administration 22 Armed Forces 23 Retired from Unknown Ind. (Death Certificate Only) 24 None/Never Worked/Home Housework (Death Certificate Only) 25 Refused/DK/NA 98 Out-of-Universe, Blank (Death Certificate) 99 592-593 Decedent's Household Composition Recode- Decedent Lived Alone 00 Total (From SC Total Reported Persons, Excluding Decedent 151-159,195) ( 01 to 30) NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 594-595 Decedent's Household Composition Recode - Decedent Lived Alone or With Only Relatives (From SC 151-159, 195) Unrelated Persons 00 Total Reported Relatives,Excluding Decedent (01 to 30) NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 596-597 Decedent's Household Composition Recode - Decedent Lived Alone or With Only Nonrelatives (From Related Persons 00 SC 151-159, 195) Total Reported Nonrelatives, Excluding Decedent (01 to 30) NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 598-599 Decedent's Household Composition Recode - Undefined Household Members, Undefined Persons (From SC 152-159, 195) Excluding Decedent (00 to 30) NA 98 Out-of-Universe 99 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 600 Final Status Recode9 All Complete Interview (Mail and Field) 1 Fail-Edit (Mail) 2 Partial (Field) 3 Refused (Mail and Field) 4 Cannot Contact - Outside PSU (Field) 5 Cannot Contact - Other Reason (Field) 6 Cannot Locate (Field) 7 Other Noninterview (Field) 8 No Informant Identified (Mail) 9 9 Derived from mailing phase check-in code (36-37) and final status of field cases (SC 002). Locations 601-631 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 601-603 Weighting Stratum All Stratum 1, 25-34 Am. Indian, Aleut, No. and Eskimo 011 35-44 Am. Indian, Aleut, and Eskimo 012 45-54 Am. Indian, Aleut, and Eskimo 013 55-64 Am. Indian, Aleut, and Eskimo 014 65-74 Am. Indian, Aleut, and Eskimo 015 75-84 Am. Indian, Aleut, and Eskimo 016 85+ Am. Indian, Aleut, and Eskimo 017 Stratum 2, 25-44 Black, Specified Heart Disease 021 25-34 NonBlack, Specified Heart Disease 022 35-44 NonBlack, Specified Heart Disease 024 45-54 Black, Specified Heart Disease10 025 45-54 NonBlack, Specified Heart Disease11 026 Stratum 3, Black, Specified Asthma 031 25-64, NonBlack, Specified Asthma 032 65+, NonBlack, Specified Asthma 033 (Note: Descriptions and values for weighting stratum continue on next page.) 10 Females only 11 ibid LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE Stratum 4, Specified Cancer12 041 Stratum 5, Nonexternal13 C.O.D., 25-34, Black 051 External14 C.O.D., 25-34, Black 052 Stratum 6, Nonexternal15 C.O.D., 35-44, Black 061 External16 C.O.D., 35-44, Black 062 Stratum 7, 45-54, Black 071 Stratum 8, 55-64, Black 081 Stratum 9, 65-74, Black 091 Stratum 10, 75-84, Black 100 Stratum 11, 85+, Black 110 (Note: Descriptions and values for weighting stratum continue on next page.) 12 Nasopharynx (White, 25-64); Liver (Female, 25-49); Male Breast (Male, 25-74); Lip and Oral (White Male, 25-39); Small Intestine (White, 25-74); Nasal (White Male, 25-74); Other Endocrine (White, 25-64) 13 External cause of death refers to ICD-9 codes E800-E999; Nonexternal are all other codes. 14 ibid 15 ibid 16 ibid LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE Stratum 12, Nonexternal17 C.O.D., 25-34, NonBlack 121 External18 C.O.D., 25-34, NonBlack 122 Stratum 13, Nonexternal19 C.O.D., 35-44, NonBlack 131 External20 C.O.D., 35-44, NonBlack 132 Stratum 14, Nonexternal21 C.O.D., 45-54, NonBlack 141 External22 C.O.D., 45-54, NonBlack 142 Stratum 15, Nonexternal23 C.O.D., 55-64, NonBlack 151 External24 C.O.D., 55-64, NonBlack 152 (Note: Descriptions and values for weighting stratum continue on next page.) ________________________________________________________________________ 17 ibid 18 ibid 19 ibid 20 ibid 21 ibid 22 ibid 23 ibid 24 ibid LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE Stratum 16, Nonexternal25 C.O.D., 65-74, NonBlack 161 External26 C.O.D., 65-74, NonBlack 162 Stratum 17, Nonexternal27 C.O.D., 75-84, NonBlack 171 External28 C.O.D., 75-84, NonBlack 172 Stratum 18, 85+ NonBlack 180 604-608 First Adjustment All Strata 1-4 factor 01000 Factor (Reciprocal Stratum 5 factor 03245 of Probability of Stratum 6 factor 03678 Selection) Strata 7-11 factor 05286 Stratum 12 factor 03245 Stratum 13 factor 03678 Stratum 14 factor 07908 Strata 15-18 factor 18512 (2 implied decimal places) 25 ibid 26 ibid 27 ibid 28 ibid LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 609-613 Second Adjustment Factor All Responses Various (Nonresponse Adjustment) Nonresponses29 00000 (2 implied decimal places) 614-618 Post-Stratified Factor All Responses Various (age, race, sex) (2 implied decimal places) 619-626 Final Weight All Responses Various (First X Second X Post-Stratified Nonresponses 00000000 Adjustment Factor) (2 implied decimal places) 627-631 Reserved Positions (END INFORMANT FILE INFORMATION) 29 Final status recode (field 600) <> 1,2,3 (complete; fail-edit, mail; partial, field) Multiple Cause-Of-Death Data Items (Locations 632-962) 3Locations 632-652 TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 632-633 2 LAST 2 DIGITS OF CURRENT DATA YEAR 86 - 1986 Blank - No matched record 634-635 2 SHIPMENT NUMBER 01-nn - Shipments from each reporting area are numbered consecutively. Blank - No matched record 636 1 RECORD TYPE 1 - RESIDENT State and County Occurrence and Residence are the same. 2 - NONRESIDENTS State and/or of County of Occurrence and Residence are different. Blank - No matched record 637 1 RESIDENT STATUS 1 - RESIDENTS State and County Occurrence and Residence are the same. 2 - INTRASTATE NONRESIDENTS State of Occurrence and Residence are the same, but County is different. 3 - INTERSTATE NONRESIDENTS State of Occurrence and Residence are different, but both are in the U.S. 4 - FOREIGN RESIDENTS State of Occurrence is one of the 50 States or the District of Columbia, but Place of Residence is outside of the U.S. Blank - No matched record TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINEE 638-644 7 PLACE OF OCCURRENCE Refer to the Geographic Code Outline further back in this document for a detailed list of areas and codes. 638-639 2 STATE OCCURENCE 01 - Alabama 02 - Alaska 03 - Arizona 04 - Arkansas 05 - California 06 - Colorado 07 - Connecticut 08 - Delaware 09 - District of Columbia 10 - Florida 11 - Georgia 12 - Hawaii 13 - Idaho 14 - Illinois 15 - Indiana 16 - Iowa 17 - Kansas 18 - Kentucky 19 - Louisiana 20 - Maine 21 - Maryland 22 - Massachusetts 23 - Michigan 24 - Minnesota 25 - Mississippi 26 - Missouri 27 - Montana 28 - Nebraska 29 - Nevada 30 - New Hampshire 31 - New Jersey 32 - New Mexico 33 - New York 34 - North Carolina 35 - North Dakota 36 - Ohio 37 - Oklahoma 38 - Oregon 39 - Pennsylvania 40 - Rhode Island 41 - South Carolina 42 - South Dakota 43 - Tennessee 44 - Texas 45 - Utah 46 - Vermont 47 - Virginia 48 - Washington 49 - West Virginia 50 - Wisconsin 51 - Wyoming Blank - No matched record TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 640 1 REGION Blank - No matched record 641-642 2 DIVISION AND STATE SUBCODE OF OCCURRENCE States are coded within Division. 640 is Region. 641 is Division. 642 is State subcode. 1 - NORTHEAST 1 - New England 1 - Maine 2 - New Hampshire 3 - Vermont 4 - Massachusetts 5 - Rhode Island 6 - Connecticut 2 - Middle Atlantic 1 - New York 2 - New Jersey 3 - Pennsylvania 2 - MIDWEST 3 - East North Central 1 - Ohio 2 - Indiana 3 - Illinois 4 - Michigan 5 - Wisconsin 4 - West North Central 1 - Minnesota 2 - Iowa 3 - Missouri 4 - North Dakota 5 - South Dakota 6 - Nebraska 7 - Kansas 3 - SOUTH 5 - SOUTH ATLANTIC 1 - Delaware 2 - Maryland 3 - District of Columbia 4 - Virginia 5 - West Virginia 6 - North Carolina 7 - South Carolina 8 - Georgia 9 - Florida 6 - East South Central 1 - Kentucky 2 - Tennessee 3 - Alabama 4 - Mississippi 7 - West South Central 1 - Arkansas 2 - Louisiana 3 - Oklahoma 4 - Texas 4 - WEST 8 - Mountain 1 - Montana 2 - Idaho 3 - Wyoming 4 - Colorado 5 - New Mexico 6 - Arizona 7 - Utah 8 - Nevada 9 - Pacific 1 - Washington 2 - Oregon 3 - California 4 - Alaska 5 - Hawaii Blank - No matched record TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 643-644 2 EXPANDED OF OCCURRENCE CODE This designed to separately identify New York City from other New York State records. 01 - Alabama 02 - Alaska 03 - Arizona 04 - Arkansas 05 - California 06 - Colorado 07 - Connecticut 08 - Delaware 09 - District of Columbia 10 - Florida 11 - Georgia 12 - Hawaii 13 - Idaho 14 - Illinois 15 - Indiana 16 - Iowa 17 - Kansas 18 - Kentucky 19 - Louisiana 20 - Maine 21 - Maryland 22 - Massachusetts 23 - Michigan 24 - Minnesota 25 - Mississippi 26 - Missouri 27 - Montana 28 - Nebraska 29 - Nevada 30 - New Hampshire 31 - New Jersey 32 - New Mexico 33 - New York 34 - New York City 35 - North Carolina 36 - North Dakota 37 - Ohio 38 - Oklahoma 39 - Oregon 40 - Pennsylvania 41 - Rhode Island 42 - South Carolina 43 - South Dakota 44 - Tennessee 45 - Texas 46 - Utah 47 - Vermont 48 - Virginia 49 - Washington 50 - West Virginia 51 - Wisconsin 52 - Wyoming Blank - No matched record TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 645-652 8 PLACE OF RESIDENCE 645-646 2 STATE OF RESIDENCE 01 - Alabama 02 - Alaska 03 - Arizona 04 - Arkansas 05 - California 06 - Colorado 07 - Connecticut 08 - Delaware 09 - District of Columbia 10 - Florida 11 - Georgia 12 - Hawaii 13 - Idaho 14 - Illinois 15 - Indiana 16 - Iowa 17 - Kansas 18 - Kentucky 19 - Louisiana 20 - Maine 21 - Maryland 22 - Massachusetts 23 - Michigan 24 - Minnesota 25 - Mississippi 26 - Missouri 27 - Montana 28 - Nebraska 29 - Nevada 30 - New Hampshire 31 - New Jersey 32 - New Mexico 33 - New York 34 - North Carolina 35 - North Dakota 36 - Ohio 37 - Oklahoma 38 - Oregon 39 - Pennsylvania 40 - Rhode Isand 41 - South Carolina 42 - South Dakota 43 - Tennessee 44 - Texas 45 - Utah 46 - Vermont 47 - Virginia 48 - Washington 49 - West Virginia 50 - Wisconsin 51 - Wyoming 52-57 - Foreign residents 52 - Puerto Rico 53 - Virgin Islands 54 - Guam 55 - Canada 56 - Cuba 57 - Mexico 59 - Remainder of the world Blank - No matched record 647 1 METROPOLITAN - NONMETROPOLITAN COUNTY OF RESIDENCE 1 - Metropolitan county 2 - Nonmetropolitan county Z - Foreign residents Blank - No matched record 648 1 REGION 649-650 2 DIVISION AND SUBCODE OF RESIDENCE States are coded within Division. 648 is Region. 649 is Division. 650 is State subcode. 000 - Foreign residents 1 - NORTHEAST 1 - New England 1 - Maine 2 - New Hampshire 3 - Vermont 4 - Massachusetts 5 - Rhode Island 6 - Connecticut 2 - Middle Atlantic 1 - New York 2 - New Jersey 3 - Pennsylvania 2 - MIDWEST 3 - East North Central 1 - Ohio 2 - Indiana 3 - Illinois 4 - Michigan 5 - Wisconsin 4 - West North Central 1 - Minnesota 2 - Iowa 3 - Missouri 4 - North Dakota 5 - South Dakota 6 - Nebraska 7 - Kansas 3 - SOUTH 5 - South Atlantic 1 - Delaware 2 - Maryland 3 - District of Columbia 4 - Virginia 5 - West Virginia 6 - North Carolina 7 - South Carolina 8 - Georgia 9 - Florida 6 - East South Central 1 - Kentucky 2 - Tennessee 3 - Alabama 4 - Mississippi 7 - West South Central 1 - Arkansas 2 - Louisiana 3 - Oklahoma 4 - Texas 4 - WEST 8 - Mountain 1 - Montana 2 - Idaho 3 - Wyoming 4 - Colorado 5 - New Mexico 6 - Arizona 7 - Utah 8 - Nevada 9 - Pacific 1 - Washington 2 - Oregon 3 - California 4 - Alaska 5 - Hawaii Blank No match record TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 651-652 2 EXPANDED STATE OF RESIDENCE CODE This item is designed to separately identify New York City records from other New York State records. It is an expanded version of place of residence found in position 645-646. 01 - Alabama 02 - Alaska 03 - Arizona 04 - Arkansas 05 - California 06 - Colorado 07 - Connecticut 08 - Delaware 09 - District of Columbia 10 - Florida 11 - Georgia 12 - Hawaii 13 - Idaho 14 - Illinois 15 - Indiana 16 - Iowa 17 - Kansas 18 - Kentucky 19 - Louisiana 20 - Maine 21 - Maryland 22 - Massachusetts 23 - Michigan 24 - Minnesota 25 - Mississippi 26 - Missouri 27 - Montana 28 - Nebraska 29 - Nevada 30 - New Hampshire 31 - New Jersey 32 - New Mexico 33 - New York 34 - New York City 35 - North Carolina 36 - North Dakota 37 - Ohio 38 - Oklahoma 39 - Oregon 40 - Pennsylvania 41 - Rhode Island 42 - South Carolina 43 - South Dakota 44 - Tennessee 45 - Texas 46 - Utah 47 - Vermont 48 - Virginia 49 - Washington 50 - West Virginia 51 - Wisconsin 52 - Wyoming 53 - Puerto Rico 54 - Virgin Islands 55 - Guam 56 - Canada 57 - Cuba 58 - Mexico 60 - Remainder of the world Blank - No matched record Locations 653-700 TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 653-656 4 Reserved positions 657-660 4 DATE OF DEATH (Note: Year of data given in tape locations 632-633.) 657-658 2 MONTH OF DEATH 01 - January 02 - February 03 - March 04 - April 05 - May 06 - June 07 - July 08 - August 09 - September 10 - October 11 - November 12 - December Blank - No matched record TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 659-660 2 DAY OF DEATH 01 - 31 As applicable to month of death 9 - Not stated day of death Blank No matched record 661 1 SEX 1 - Male 2 - Female Blank - No matched record 662-665 4 RACE 662-663 2 DETAIL RACE 00 - Other Asian or Pacific Islander 01 - White 02 - Black 03 - American Indian (includes Aleuts and Eskimos) 04 - Chinese 05 - Japanese 06 - Hawaiian (includes Part-Hawaiian) 07 - All other races 08 - Filipino Blank - No matched record TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 664 1 RACE RECODE 3 1 - White 2 - Races other than White or Black 3 - Black Blank - No matched record 665 1 RACE RECODE 2 1 - White 2 - All other races Blank - No matched record 666-674 9 AGE 666-668 3 DETAIL AGE Three positions are usd to code detail age. Location 666 identifies age in years, months, days, etc. Locations 667-668 are the number of years, months, days, etc. 0 01-99 - Years less than 100 1 00-99 - Years 100 or more 2 01-11,99 - Months 3 01-03,99 - Weeks 4 01-27,99 - Days 5 01-23,99 - Hours 6 01-59,99 - Minutes 9 99 - Age not stated Blank - No matched record TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 669-670 2 AGE RECODE 52 01 - Under 1 hour (includes not stated hours and minutes) 02 - 1 to 23 hours 03 - 1 day (includes not stated days) 04 - 2 days 05 - 3 days 06 - 4 days 07 - 5 days 08 - 6 days 09 - 7 - 13 days (includes not stated weeks) 10 - 14 - 20 days 11 - 21 - 27 days 12 - 1 month (includes not stated months) 13 - 2 months 14 - 3 months 15 - 4 months 16 - 5 months 17 - 6 months 18 - 7 months 19 - 8 months 20 - 9 months 21 - 10 months 22 - 11 months 23 - 1 years 24 - 2 years 25 - 3 years 26 - 4 years 27 - 5 - 9 years 28 - 10 - 14 years 29 - 15 - 19 years 30 - 20 - 24 years 31 - 25 - 29 years 32 - 30 - 34 years 33 - 35 - 39 years 34 - 40 - 44 years 35 - 45 - 49 years 36 - 50 - 54 years 37 - 55 - 59 years 38 - 60 - 64 years 39 - 65 - 69 years 40 - 70 - 74 years 41 - 75 - 79 years 42 - 80 - 84 years 43 - 85 - 89 years 44 - 90 - 94 years 45 - 95 - 99 years 46 - 100 - 104 years 47 - 105 - 109 years 48 - 110 - 114 years 49 - 115 - 119 years 50 - 120 - 124 years 51 - 125 years and over 52 - Age not stated Blank - No matched record TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 671-672 2 AGE RECODE 27 01 - Under 1 month (includes not stated weeks, days, hours, and minutes) 02 - 1 month - 11 months (includes not stated months) 03 - 1 year 04 - 2 years 05 - 3 years 06 - 4 years 07 - 5 - 9 years 08 - 10 - 14 years 09 - 15 - 19 years 10 - 20 - 24 years 11 - 25 - 29 years 12 - 30 - 34 years 13 - 35 - 39 years 14 - 40 - 44 years 15 - 45 - 49 years 16 - 50 - 54 years 17 - 55 - 59 years 18 - 60 - 64 years 19 - 65 - 69 years 20 - 70 - 74 years 21 - 75 - 79 years 22 - 80 - 84 years 23 - 85 - 89 years 24 - 90 - 94 years 25 - 95 - 99 years 26 - 100 years and over 27 - Age not stated Blank - No matched record TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 673-674 2 AGE RECODE 12 01 - Under 1 year (includes not stated infant ages) 02 - 1 - 4 years 03 - 5 - 14 years 04 - 15 - 24 years 05 - 25 - 34 years 06 - 35 - 44 years 07 - 45 - 54 years 08 - 55 - 64 years 09 - 65 - 74 years 10 - 75 - 84 years 11 - 85 years and over 12 - Age not stated Blank - No matched record 675 1 HOSPITAL AND STATUS 1 - Hospital, Clinic or Medical Center - Inpatient 2 - Hospital, Clinic or Medical Center - Outpatient or admitted to Emergency Room 3 - Hospital, Clinic or Medical Center - Dead on Arrival 4 - Hospital, Clinic or Medical Center - Patient status unknown 5 - Hospital, Clinic or Medical Center - Patient status not on certificate 6 - Other Institutions providing patient care 7 - All other reported entries 8 - Dead on Arrival - Hospital, Clinic or Medical - Center name not given 9 - Hospital and patient status not stated Blank - No matched record TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 676 1 MARITAL 1 - Never married, single 2 - Married 3 - Widowed 4 - Divorced 8 - Marital Status not on certificate 9 - Marital Status not stated Blank - No matched record 677-678 2 STATE OF BIRTH 01 - Alabama 02 - Alaska 03 - Arizona 04 - Arkansas 05 - California 06 - Colorado 07 - Connecticut 08 - Delaware 09 - District of Columbia 10 - Florida 11 - Georgia 12 - Hawaii 13 - Idaho 14 - Illinois 15 - Indiana 16 - Iowa 17 - Kansas 18 - Kentucky 19 - Louisiana 20 - Maine 21 - Maryland 22 - Massachusetts 23 - Michigan 24 - Minnesota 25 - Mississippi 26 - Missouri 27 - Montana 28 - Nebraska 29 - Nevada 30 - New Hampshire 31 - New Jersey 32 - New Mexico 33 - New York 34 - North Carolina 35 - North Dakota 36 - Ohio 37 - Oklahoma 38 - Oregon 39 - Pennsylvania 40 - Rhode Island 41 - South Carolina 42 - South Dakota 43 - Tennessee 44 - Texas 45 - Utah 46 - Vermont 47 - Virginia 48 - Washingto 49 - West Virginia 50 - Wisconsin 51 - Wyoming 52 - Puerto Rico 53 - Virgin Islands 54 - Guam 55 - Canada 56 - Cuba 57 - Mexico 59 - Remainder of the world 99 - State of birth unknown Blank - No matched record 679-680 2 ORIGIN OR DESCENT 00 - Non-Spanish 01 - Mexican 02 - Puerto Rican 03 - Cuban 04 - Central or South American 05 - Other or Unknown Spanish 06 - American 07 - American Indian 08 - British, Scottish, Welsh, Scotch-Irish 09 - Irish 10 - German 11 - French 12 - Norwegian, Swedish, Danish 13 - Polish 14 - Italian 15 - Other North, Central, and South American 16 - Other Western European 17 - Other Northern European 18 - Other Eastern European 19 - Other Southern European (excluding Spain) 20 - Southeast Asian and Pacific Islander 21 - South Central Asian 22 - Other Asian 23 - North African 24 - Other African 88 - Not reported 99 - Not classifiable Blank - No matched record 681 1 AUTOPSY PERFORMED 1 - Yes 2 - No 8 - Autopsy performed not on certificate 9 - Autopsy performed not stated Blank - No matched record 682-684 3 KIND OF BUSINESS OR INDUSTRY For a complete list of categories and codes refer to: U.S. Bureau of the Census: Classified index of industries and occupations. 1980 Census of Population. First Edition. Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, October 1980. 010-990 - Code range (not inclusive) In addition to the codes shown in the Census publication, the following codes are also applicable: 942 - Armed Forces 951 - Retired; with no other industry reported 961 - Non-paid worker or non-worker Blank - No matched record TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 685-687 3 USUAL OCCUPATION For a complete list of categories and codes refer to the Census Bureau publication mentioned above. 003-999 - Code range (not inclusive) In addition to the codes shown in the Census publication, the following codes are also applicable: 905 - Military 913 - Retired; with no other occupation reported 914 - Homemaker 915 - Student 916 - Volunteer 917 - None Blank - No matched record 688-690 3 52 CAUSE RECODE A recode of the cause code into 52 groups designed for use in producing tabulations. Further back in this document is a complete list of recodes and categories. 010-560 - Code range (not inclusive) Blank - No matched record 691-692 2 BUSINESS OR INDUSTRY RECODE 51 A recode of the business or industry code into 51 groups for use in producing tabulations. Further back in the document is a list of the recodes and categories. 01-51 - Code range (not inclusive) Blank - No matched record TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 693-694 2 BUSINESS OR INDUSTRY RECODE 15 A recode of the business or industry code into 15 groups for use in producing tabulations. Further back in this document is a list of the recodes and categories. 01-15 - Code range Blank - No matched record 695-696 2 USUAL OCCUPATION RECODE 59 A recode of the usual occupation code into 59 groups for use in producing tabulations. Further back in this document is a list of the recodes and categories. 01-59 - Code range (not inclusive) Blank - No matched record 697-698 2 USUAL OCCUPATION RECODE 9 A recode of the usual occupation code into 9 groups for use in producing tabulations. Further back in this document is a list of the recodes and categories. 01-09 - Code range Blank - No matched record 699-702 4 FEDERAL INFORMATION PROCESSING STANDARDS (FIPS) GEOGRAPHIC CODES For an explanation of FIPS codes,30 should be made to various National Bureau of Standards (NBS) publications. 30 Refer to the Geographic Code Outline further back in this document for a detailed list of areas and codes. TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 699-700 2 STATE OF OCCURRENCE 01 - Alabama 02 - Alaska 04 - Arizona 05 - Arkansas 06 - California 08 - Colorado 09 - Connecticut 10 - Delaware 11 - District of Columbia 12 - Florida 13 - Georgia 15 - Hawaii 16 - Idaho 17 - Illinois 18 - Indiana 19 - Iowa 20 - Kansas 21 - Kentucky 22 - Louisiana 23 - Maine 24 - Maryland 25 - Massachusetts 26 - Michigan 27 - Minnesota 28 - Mississippi 29 - Missouri 30 - Montana 31 - Nebraska 32 - Nevada 33 - New Hampshire 34 - New Jersey 35 - New Mexico 36 - New York 37 - North Carolina 38 - North Dakota 39 - Ohio 40 - Oklahoma 41 - Oregon 42 - Pennsylvania 44 - Rhode Island 45 - South Carolina 46 - South Dakota 47 - Tennessee 48 - Texas 49 - Utah 50 - Vermont 51 - Virginia 53 - Washington 54 - West Virginia 55 - Wisconsin 56 - Wyoming Bla - No matched record Locations 701-962 TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 701-702 2 STATE OF RESIDENCE 00 - Foreign residents 01 - Alabama 02 - Alaska 04 - Arizona 05 - Arkansas 06 - California 08 - Colorado 09 - Connecticut 10 - Delaware 11 - District of Columbia 12 - Florida 13 - Georgia 15 - Hawaii 16 - Idaho 17 - Illinois 18 - Indiana 19 - Iowa 20 - Kansas 21 - Kentucky 22 - Louisiana 23 - Maine 24 - Maryland 25 - Massachusetts 26 - Michigan 27 - Minnesota 28 - Mississippi 29 - Missouri 30 - Montana 31 - Nebraska 32 - Nevada 33 - New Hampshire 34 - New Jersey 35 - New Mexico 36 - New York 37 - North Carolina 38 - North Dakota 39 - Ohio 40 - Oklahoma 41 - Oregon 42 - Pennsylvania 44 - Rhode Island 45 - South Carolina 46 - South Dakota 47 - Tennessee 48 - Texas 49 - Utah 50 - Vermont 51 - Virginia 53 - Washington 54 - West Virginia 55 - Wisconsin 56 - Wyoming Blank - No matched record 703 1 PLACE OF ACCIDENT FOR CAUSES E850-E929 Blank - Causes other than E850-E92931 0 - Home 1 - Farm 2 - Mine and Quarry 3 - Industrial Place and Premises 4 - Place for Recreation and Sport 5 - Street and Highway 6 - Public Building 7 - Resident Institution 8 - Other Specified Places 9 - Place of Accident not specified 30 Also contains 26 cases with no matching death record. See introductions. TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 704-718 15 UNDERLYING CAUSE OF DEATH 704-707 4 ICD CODE (9th REVISION) See the "International Classification of Diseases," 1975 Revision, Volume 1. For injuries and poisoning the external cause is coded (E800-E999) rather than the Nature of Injury (800-999). These positions do not include the letter E for the external cause of injury. For those causes that do not have a 4th digit, location 707 is blank. Blank - No matched record 708-712 5 CAUSE RECODE 282 A recode of the ICD cause code into 282 groups for NCHS publications. Further back in this document is a complete list of recodes and the causes included. 00300-35800 - Code range (not inclusive) Blank - No matched record 713-715 3 CASE RECODE 72 A recode of the ICD cause code into 72 groups for NCHS publications. Further back in this document is a complete list of recodes and the causes included. 010-840 - Code range (not inclusive) Blank - No matched record TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 716-718 3 CAUSE RECODE 34 A recode of the ICD cause code into 34 groups for NCHS publications. Further back in this document is a complete list of recodes and the causes included. 010-370 - Code range (not inclusive) Blank - No matched record 719-962 244 MULTIPLE CONDITIONS 719-720 2 NUMBER OF ENTITY-AXIS CONDITIONS 00-20 - Code range Blank - No matched record 721-860 140 ENTITY - AXIS CONDITIONS Space has been provided for maximum of 20 conditions. Each condition takes 7 positions in the Records that do not have 20 conditions are blank in the unused area. If all of the positions are blank it indicates no matched record. Position 1: Part/line number on certificate 1 - Part I, line 1 (a) 2 - Part I, line 2 (b) 3 - Part I, line 3 (c) 4 - Part I, line 4 (d) 5 - Part I, line 5 (e) 6 - Part II Position 2: Sequence of condition within part/line 1-7 - Code range Position 3-6: Condition code Position 7: Nature of Injury Flag 1 - Indicates that the code in positions 3-6 is a Nature of Injury code 0 - All other codes 721-727 7 1st Condition 728-734 7 2nd Condition 735-741 7 3rd Condition 742-748 7 4th Condition 749-755 7 5th Condition 756-762 7 6th Condition 763-769 7 7th Condition 770-776 7 8th Condition 777-783 7 9th Condition 784-790 7 10th Condition 791-797 7 11th Condition 798-804 7 12th Condition 805-811 7 13th Condition 812-818 7 14th Condition 819-825 7 15th Condition 826-832 7 16th Condition 833-839 7 17th Condition 840-846 7 18th Condition 847-853 7 19th Condition 854-860 7 20th Condition 861-862 2 NUMBER OF RECORD-AXIS CONDITIONS 00-20 - Code range TAPE FIELD LOCATION SIZE ITEM AND CODE OUTLINE 863-962 100 RECORD - AXIS CONDITIONS Space has been provided for a maximum of 20 conditions. Each condition takes 5 positions in the record.Records that do not have 20 conditions are blank in the unused area. If all of the positions are blank it indicates no matched record. Positions 1-4: Condition Code Position 5: Nature of Injury Flag 1 - Indicates that the code in positions 1-4 is a Nature of Injury code 0 - All other codes 863-867 5 1st Condition 868-872 5 2nd Condition 873-877 5 3rd Condition 878-882 5 4th Condition 883-887 5 5th Condition 888-892 5 6th Condition 893-897 5 7th Condition 898-902 5 8th Condition 903-907 5 9th Condition 908-912 5 10th Condition 913-917 5 11th Condition 918-922 5 12th Condition 923-927 5 13th Condition 928-932 5 14th Condition 933-937 5 15th Condition 938-942 5 16th Condition 943-947 5 17th Condition 948-952 5 18th Condition 953-957 5 19th Condition 958-962 5 20th Condition Record 2-7 (FARS Data Items) (Locations 963-1275) LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 963 Facility record ALL No facility record 0 One or more facility records 1 964-966 Episodes ALL Total episodes, all facilities in last year of life (FARS) 000-nnn No episodes reported blank 967-969 Facilities ALL Total facilities used in last year of life (FARS) 000-nnn No facilities reported blank 970-973 Length of stay ALL Length of stay in all facilities Position 1: Flag < 365,no missing data1 0 < 365,missing data2 1 > 365,no missing data3 2 > 365 missing data4 3 Position 2-4: Days in facilities 000-365 No stay reported 000-365 -------------------- 1Data on date of admissions and discharges were complete for all episodes and length of stay was 365 days or less. 2Data on date of admissions and/or discharge were missing for one or more episodes and length of stay computed from nonmissing date(s) was 365 days or less. 3Data on date of admission(s) and discharge(s) were complete for all episodes and length of stay was greater than 365 days due to simultaneous admission in more than one facility. 4Data on date of admissions, and/or discharges were missing for one or more episodes and length of stay compiled from nonmissing dates was greater than 365 days due to simultaneous admission in more than one facility. LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE 974 Status at death ALL In a facility at time of death Yes 1 No 2 Unknown 3 No stay reported blank 975-1275 Reserved positions RECORD LAYOUT, RECORD NUMBER 2 THROUGH 7 LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS UNIVERSE DESCRIPTION VALUE _____________________________________________________________________________ RECORD NUMBER 2 THROUGH 7 _____________________________________________________________________________ 1 Record number Card sequence number 2-7 2-6 Control number Survey sample number various 7-8 Number of episodes in this facility Episodes in this facility 01-20 9-10 Facility type General medical/surgical 01 Alcohol or drug 02 Treatment hospital psychiatric facility 03 Other specialty, long stay hospital 04 Skilled nursing facility 05 Intermediate care facility, certified under Medicaid 06 Other type of nursing or personal care home 07 Hospice 08 Other 09 DK/NS 99 Blank 11-1270 Episodes Space has been provided for up to 20 episodes with data placed in fields as follows: Pos 1-6 Admission date 1-2 Month 01-12 DK 99 3-4 Day 01-31 DK 99 5-6 Year 1900-1986 00-86 DK 99 7-12 Discharge date 7-8 Month 01-12 DK 99 9-10 Day 01-31 DK 99 11-12 Year 1985 85 1986 86 DK 99 Diagnoses codes ICD-9-CM Codes Note: ICD-9-CM "E" codes are specified 13-17 Code 1 by a ")" in position 1 of the 18-22 Code 2 code; the "V" codes are specified 23-27 Code 3 by an "=" in position 1 of the 28-32 Code 4 code. Codes have 2 implied 33-37 Code 5 decimals. The fourth and fifth 38-42 Code 6 position is not zero filled. 43-47 Code 7 Surgical and diagnostic proce- dures ICD-9-CM Codes 48-51 Procedure 1 52-55 Procedure 2 56-59 Procedure 3 60-63 Procedure 4 11-73 Episode 1 Pos 11-16 admission date 11-12 Month 01-12 DK 99 13-14 Day 01-31 DK 99 15-16 Year 1900-1986 00-86 DK 99 17-18 Discharge date 17-18 Month 01-12 DK 99 19-20 Day 01-31 99 21-22 Year 1985 85 1986 86 DK 99 Diagnoses codes ICD-9-CM Codes 23-27 Code 1 28-32 Code 2 33-37 Code 3 38-42 Code 4 43-47 Code 5 48-52 Code 6 53-57 Code 7 Surgical & diagnostic procedures ICD-9-CM Codes 58-61 Procedure 1 62-65 Procedure 2 66-69 Procedure 3 70-73 Procedure 4 74-136 Episode 2 See description of Episode 1 137-199 Episode 3 See description of Episode 1 200-262 Episode 4 See description of Episode 1 263-325 Episode 5 See description of Episode 1 326-388 Episode 6 See description of Episode 1 389-451 Episode 7 See description of Episode 1 452-514 Episode 8 See description of Episode 1 515-577 Episode 9 See description of Episode 1 578-640 Episode 10 See description of Episode 1 641-703 Episode 11 See description of Episode 1 704-766 Episode 12 See description of Episode 1 767-829 Episode 13 See description of Episode 1 830-892 Episode 14 See description of Episode 1 893-955 Episode 15 See description of Episode 1 956-1018 Episode 16 See description of Episode 1 1019-1081 Episode 17 See description of Episode 1 1082-1144 Episode 18 See description of Episode 1 1145-1207 Episode 19 See description of Episode 1 1208-1270 Episode 20 See description of Episode 1 1271-1274 Length of stay Total days in this facility (See description and values for position 970-973) 1275 Status at death In a facility on day of death Yes 1 No 2 Unknown 3 CONTROL TABLES Table 1. Stratum Selected with Certainty CONTROL TABLE 1 STRATUM SELECTED WITH CERTAINTY 1. Cardiovascular deaths All deaths due to Ischemic Heart Disease (ICD-9 410-414) for males ages 25 through 44 years, and for females ages 25 through 54 years. 2. Cancer deaths All deaths due to cancer as follows: Sites & ICD-9 Code Sex Age Race Nasopharynx M + F 25-64 White (ICD-9 147) Small Intestines M + F 25-74 White (ICD-9 152) Liver F 25-49 All (ICD-9 155) Nasal M 25-74 White (ICD-9 160) Male Breast M 25-74 All (ICD-9 175) Other Endocrine M + F 25-64 White (ICD-9 194) 3. Asthma deaths All deaths due to asthma (ICD-9 493), age 25 or more 4. Indian deaths All deaths of American Indians, Aleutians or Eskimos, age 25 or more Table 2.Strata,# Cases in Survey,Reciprocal of Prob.,Response Rate CONTROL TABLE 2 STRATA, NUMBER OF CASES IN SURVEY, RECIPROCAL OF PROBABILITY, AND RESPONSE RATES WEIGHTING NO. OF CASES RECIPROCAL OF NO. OF CASES RESPONSE RATE STRATA IN SURVEY PROBABILITY NOT RESPONDING PER 100 CASES OF SELECTION 011 55 10.00 7 87.27 012 63 10.00 7 88.89 013 80 10.00 12 85.00 014 77 10.00 5 93.51 015 85 10.00 7 91.76 016 112 10.00 10 91.07 017 68 10.00 2 97.06 021 147 10.00 17 88.44 022 76 10.00 10 86.84 024 603 10.00 66 89.05 025 94 10.00 11 88.30 026 349 10.00 48 86.25 031 61 10.00 6 90.16 032 77 10.00 8 89.61 033 182 10.00 13 92.86 040 145 10.00 12 91.72 051 209 32.45 33 84.21 052 188 32.45 29 84.57 061 283 36.78 44 84.48 062 99 36.78 15 84.85 071 405 52.86 63 84.44 081 767 52.86 87 88.66 091 1018 52.86 113 88.90 100 940 52.86 78 91.70 110 543 52.86 40 92.63 121 532 32.45 82 84.59 122 702 32.45 120 82.91 131 868 36.78 127 85.37 132 412 36.78 77 81.31 141 941 79.08 116 87.67 142 147 79.08 29 80.27 151 1208 185.12 132 89.07 152 50 185.12 10 80.00 161 2205 185.12 256 88.39 162 65 185.12 8 87.69 171 2703 185.12 267 90.12 172 58 185.12 3 94.83 180 2116 185.12 165 92.20 Table 3. Weighting Stratum, # Cases in Sample, Est. # Deaths,1986 CONTROL TABLE 3 WEIGHTING STRATUM, NUMBER OF CASES IN SAMPLE, AND ESTIMATED NUMBER OF DEATHS IN 1986 NUMBER IN ESTIMATED STRATUM SAMPLE DEATHS 1 011 55 559 012 63 621 013 80 802 014 77 765 015 85 853 016 112 1130 017 68 681 021 147 1563 022 76 781 024 603 5938 025 94 919 026 349 3769 031 61 615 032 77 766 033 182 1849 040 145 1466 051 209 6914 052 188 6373 061 283 11002 062 99 3915 071 405 21585 081 767 40997 091 1018 54926 100 940 50698 110 543 28441 121 532 17406 122 702 23441 131 868 31507 132 412 15069 141 941 74749 142 147 11575 151 1208 224131 152 50 9371 161 2205 410866 162 65 12120 171 2703 505137 172 58 10822 180 2116 392747 -------- --------- TOTAL 18733 1986869 1. Weighted sample deaths, rounded to the nearest interger for purposes of presentation. Table 4. # Decedents & Est. # Deaths by Decedent's Age at Death CONTROL TABLE 4 NUMBER OF DECEDENTS IN SAMPLE AND ESTIMATED NUMBER OF DEATHS BY DECEDENT'S AGE AT DEATH NUMBER IN ESTIMATED AGE SAMPLE DEATHS 1 025 161 4761 026 151 5024 027 159 5276 028 174 5543 029 212 6598 030 190 5720 031 162 5020 032 207 6368 033 196 5947 034 198 5717 035 167 5193 036 205 6203 037 216 6360 038 233 6904 039 291 8414 040 236 6347 041 233 6942 042 310 7759 043 296 7829 044 302 7768 045 131 7321 046 159 7733 047 151 7795 048 158 8742 049 181 9127 050 210 11684 051 252 13797 052 240 14257 053 276 15316 054 319 18284 055 133 16562 056 173 20637 057 177 21509 058 219 27526 059 196 22145 060 233 30999 061 254 33398 062 268 33143 063 270 33907 064 280 36425 065 329 45281 066 299 39834 067 322 42341 068 307 41501 069 327 43238 070 386 52972 071 358 49138 072 390 53033 073 405 58515 074 373 54171 075 434 60295 076 399 55667 077 402 57160 078 384 57114 079 398 57297 080 388 58425 081 379 55494 082 358 54713 083 384 57787 084 369 54661 085 337 47386 086 327 50292 087 289 46354 088 255 39047 089 254 38179 090 249 38004 091 201 31694 092 164 26038 093 169 25499 094 121 17142 095 95 15765 096 95 15461 097 54 8684 098 52 8979 099 101 13708 -------- --------- TOTAL 18733 1986869 1. Weighted sample deaths, rounded to the nearest interger for purposes of presentation Table 5. # Decendents & Est. # Deaths by Decendent's Race CONTROL TABLE 5 NUMBER OF DECEDENTS IN SAMPLE AND ESTIMATED NUMBER OF DEATHS BY DECEDENT'S RACE NUMBER IN ESTIMATED RACE SAMPLE DEATHS 1 White 13303 1739773 Black 4759 228003 Other 2 131 13682 Am. Indian 3 540 5411 --------- ------------ 18733 1986869 1. Weighted sample deaths 2. Other than white, black, American Indian, Aluet or Eskimo 3. American Indian, Aluet, Eskimo Table 6. # Decendents & Est. # of Deaths by Decedent's Sex CONTROL TABLE 6 NUMBER OF DECEDENTS IN SAMPLE AND ESTIMATED NUMBER OF DEATHS BY DECEDENT'S SEX NUMBER IN ESTIMATED SEX SAMPLE DEATHS 1 Male 10238 1029748 Female 8495 957121 -------- ------------- Total 18733 1986869 1. Weighted sample deaths Table 7. Number of Decendents in Sample by Race, Age and Sex CONTROL TABLE 7 NUMBERS OF DECEDENTS IN SAMPLE BY RACE, AGE AND SEX Race and age Male Female All races 25-29 years 623 234 30-34 years 669 284 35-39 years 788 324 40-44 years 953 424 45-49 years 423 357 50-54 years 766 539 55-59 years 886 698 60-64 years 1075 837 65-69 years 1070 947 70-74 years 831 1047 75-79 years 568 894 80-84 years 275 629 85-89 years 107 290 90-94 years 660 637 95+ years 544 354 White 25-29 years 461 163 30-34 years 483 198 35-39 years 588 228 40-44 years 754 314 45-49 years 273 240 50-54 years 488 467 55-59 years 325 203 60-64 years 484 323 65-69 years 600 432 70-74 years 769 562 75-79 years 772 651 80-84 years 618 777 85-89 years 439 688 90-94 years 215 492 95+ years 70 226 Race and age Male Female Black 25-29 years 134 59 30-34 years 163 75 35-39 years 169 79 40-44 years 167 97 45-49 years 122 99 50-54 years 137 151 55-59 years 199 132 60-64 years 260 192 65-69 years 261 244 70-74 years 277 249 75-79 years 268 255 80-84 years 186 237 85-89 years 110 186 90-94 years 53 115 95+ years 27 56 American Indian, Aleut, Eskimo 25-29 years 22 9 30-34 years 17 7 35-39 years 21 12 40-44 years 21 9 45-49 years 27 14 50-54 years 27 12 55-59 years 18 17 60-64 years 21 21 65-69 years 20 20 70-74 years 24 21 75-79 years 24 35 80-84 years 22 31 85-89 years 14 19 90-94 years 4 18 95+ years 7 6 Race and age Male Female Other 25-29 years 6 3 30-34 years 6 4 35-39 years 10 5 40-44 years 11 4 45-49 years 1 4 50-54 years 8 7 55-59 years 2 2 60-64 years 1 3 65-69 years 5 2 70-74 years 5 5 75-79 years 6 6 80-84 years 5 2 85-89 years 5 1 90-94 years 3 4 95+ years 3 2 Table 8. Number of Sample Cases by Underlying Cause of Death CONTROL TABLE 8 NUMBER OF SAMPLE CASES BY UNDERLYING CAUSE OF DEATH CUMULATIVE CUMULATIVE DTHCODE FREQUENCY PERCENT FREQUENCY PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------ 26 . . . 0031 1 0.0 1 0.0 0039 1 0.0 2 0.0 0049 1 0.0 3 0.0 0072 1 0.0 4 0.0 0090 2 0.0 6 0.0 0112 1 0.0 7 0.0 0115 1 0.0 8 0.0 0116 3 0.0 11 0.1 0119 12 0.1 23 0.1 0160 1 0.0 24 0.1 0189 3 0.0 27 0.1 0270 1 0.0 28 0.1 0310 6 0.0 34 0.2 0319 2 0.0 36 0.2 0360 1 0.0 37 0.2 0362 1 0.0 38 0.2 0380 1 0.0 39 0.2 0381 3 0.0 42 0.2 0382 1 0.0 43 0.2 0384 11 0.1 54 0.3 0389 132 0.7 186 1.0 0399 1 0.0 187 1.0 0411 1 0.0 188 1.0 0412 1 0.0 189 1.0 0415 1 0.0 190 1.0 0418 1 0.0 191 1.0 0463 1 0.0 192 1.0 0499 4 0.0 196 1.0 0539 1 0.0 197 1.1 0543 3 0.0 200 1.1 0545 1 0.0 201 1.1 0549 3 0.0 204 1.1 0701 1 0.0 205 1.1 0702 2 0.0 207 1.1 0703 7 0.0 214 1.1 0709 4 0.0 218 1.2 0785 7 0.0 225 1.2 0790 1 0.0 226 1.2 0799 1 0.0 227 1.2 0820 1 0.0 228 1.2 0941 1 0.0 229 1.2 1125 1 0.0 230 1.2 1129 1 0.0 231 1.2 114 1 0.0 232 1.2 1160 1 0.0 233 1.2 1173 2 0.0 235 1.3 1175 16 0.1 251 1.3 1177 1 0.0 252 1.3 1179 2 0.0 254 1.4 130 3 0.0 257 1.4 135 6 0.0 263 1.4 1363 54 0.3 317 1.7 1369 2 0.0 319 1.7 CUMULATIVE CUMULATIVE DTHCODE FREQUENCY PERCENT FREQUENCY PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------ 1370 2 0.0 321 1.7 138 1 0.0 322 1.7 1398 1 0.0 323 1.7 1410 1 0.0 324 1.7 1419 19 0.1 343 1.8 1420 5 0.0 348 1.9 1429 1 0.0 349 1.9 1430 2 0.0 351 1.9 1431 1 0.0 352 1.9 1439 2 0.0 354 1.9 1449 1 0.0 355 1.9 1455 4 0.0 359 1.9 1459 7 0.0 366 2.0 1460 1 0.0 367 2.0 1461 1 0.0 368 2.0 1469 2 0.0 370 2.0 1479 22 0.1 392 2.1 1481 2 0.0 394 2.1 1489 3 0.0 397 2.1 1490 12 0.1 409 2.2 1505 1 0.0 410 2.2 1509 83 0.4 493 2.6 1510 4 0.0 497 2.7 1519 110 0.6 607 3.2 1520 19 0.1 626 3.3 1521 5 0.0 631 3.4 1522 2 0.0 633 3.4 1529 21 0.1 654 3.5 1531 2 0.0 656 3.5 1532 2 0.0 658 3.5 1533 12 0.1 670 3.6 1534 11 0.1 681 3.6 1535 1 0.0 682 3.6 1536 7 0.0 689 3.7 1539 317 1.7 1006 5.4 1540 11 0.1 1017 5.4 1541 55 0.3 1072 5.7 1543 2 0.0 1074 5.7 1548 4 0.0 1078 5.8 1550 28 0.1 1106 5.9 1551 11 0.1 1117 6.0 1552 23 0.1 1140 6.1 1560 21 0.1 1161 6.2 1561 4 0.0 1165 6.2 1562 2 0.0 1167 6.2 1569 4 0.0 1171 6.3 1570 6 0.0 1177 6.3 1574 1 0.0 1178 6.3 1579 162 0.9 1340 7.2 1580 5 0.0 1345 7.2 1589 2 0.0 1347 7.2 1590 6 0.0 1353 7.2 1599 2 0.0 1355 7.2 1602 12 0.1 1367 7.3 CUMULATIVE CUMULATIVE DTHCODE FREQUENCY PERCENT FREQUENCY PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------ 1603 1 0.0 1368 7.3 1605 1 0.0 1369 7.3 1609 10 0.1 1379 7.4 1610 1 0.0 1380 7.4 1611 1 0.0 1381 7.4 1619 28 0.1 1409 7.5 1620 5 0.0 1414 7.6 1622 3 0.0 1417 7.6 1623 8 0.0 1425 7.6 1625 6 0.0 1431 7.6 1629 979 5.2 2410 12.9 1639 1 0.0 2411 12.9 1649 4 0.0 2415 12.9 1702 1 0.0 2416 12.9 1706 2 0.0 2418 12.9 1707 1 0.0 2419 12.9 1709 11 0.1 2430 13.0 1710 1 0.0 2431 13.0 1712 1 0.0 2432 13.0 1713 5 0.0 2437 13.0 1716 2 0.0 2439 13.0 1719 19 0.1 2458 13.1 1723 2 0.0 2460 13.2 1725 3 0.0 2463 13.2 1726 1 0.0 2464 13.2 1727 4 0.0 2468 13.2 1729 60 0.3 2528 13.5 1732 1 0.0 2529 13.5 1734 6 0.0 2535 13.6 1737 1 0.0 2536 13.6 1739 22 0.1 2558 13.7 1749 380 2.0 2938 15.7 175 20 0.1 2958 15.8 179 22 0.1 2980 15.9 1800 1 0.0 2981 15.9 1809 64 0.3 3045 16.3 1820 26 0.1 3071 16.4 1830 103 0.6 3174 17.0 1832 1 0.0 3175 17.0 1840 2 0.0 3177 17.0 1844 4 0.0 3181 17.0 185 206 1.1 3387 18.1 1869 5 0.0 3392 18.1 1874 2 0.0 3394 18.1 1887 2 0.0 3396 18.2 1889 74 0.4 3470 18.5 1890 50 0.3 3520 18.8 1891 1 0.0 3521 18.8 1892 3 0.0 3524 18.8 1899 2 0.0 3526 18.8 1907 1 0.0 3527 18.9 1909 2 0.0 3529 18.9 1910 7 0.0 3536 18.9 1911 6 0.0 3542 18.9 CUMULATIVE CUMULATIVE DTHCODE FREQUENCY PERCENT FREQUENCY PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------ 1912 1 0.0 3543 18.9 1916 3 0.0 3546 19.0 1917 1 0.0 3547 19.0 1919 98 0.5 3645 19.5 193 9 0.0 3654 19.5 1940 18 0.1 3672 19.6 1950 12 0.1 3684 19.7 1952 12 0.1 3696 19.8 1953 4 0.0 3700 19.8 1955 1 0.0 3701 19.8 1990 19 0.1 3720 19.9 1991 251 1.3 3971 21.2 2000 10 0.1 3981 21.3 2001 9 0.0 3990 21.3 2002 1 0.0 3991 21.3 2008 3 0.0 3994 21.4 2015 1 0.0 3995 21.4 2019 22 0.1 4017 21.5 2020 1 0.0 4018 21.5 2021 3 0.0 4021 21.5 2024 1 0.0 4022 21.5 2028 100 0.5 4122 22.0 2030 77 0.4 4199 22.4 2040 8 0.0 4207 22.5 2041 19 0.1 4226 22.6 2049 2 0.0 4228 22.6 2050 38 0.2 4266 22.8 2051 22 0.1 4288 22.9 2059 1 0.0 4289 22.9 2070 3 0.0 4292 22.9 2080 22 0.1 4314 23.1 2081 2 0.0 4316 23.1 2089 7 0.0 4323 23.1 2117 1 0.0 4324 23.1 2125 1 0.0 4325 23.1 2127 1 0.0 4326 23.1 2250 2 0.0 4328 23.1 2252 6 0.0 4334 23.2 2273 1 0.0 4335 23.2 2280 2 0.0 4337 23.2 2355 1 0.0 4338 23.2 2357 1 0.0 4339 23.2 2370 1 0.0 4340 23.2 2375 1 0.0 4341 23.2 2384 1 0.0 4342 23.2 2387 10 0.1 4352 23.3 2389 1 0.0 4353 23.3 2390 5 0.0 4358 23.3 2391 1 0.0 4359 23.3 2394 1 0.0 4360 23.3 2396 17 0.1 4377 23.4 2397 2 0.0 4379 23.4 2398 3 0.0 4382 23.4 2409 1 0.0 4383 23.4 CUMULATIVE CUMULATIVE DTHCODE FREQUENCY PERCENT FREQUENCY PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------ 2429 2 0.0 4385 23.4 2449 5 0.0 4390 23.5 2500 245 1.3 4635 24.8 2501 16 0.1 4651 24.9 2502 17 0.1 4668 25.0 2503 36 0.2 4704 25.1 2505 3 0.0 4707 25.2 2506 26 0.1 4733 25.3 2507 6 0.0 4739 25.3 2509 2 0.0 4741 25.3 2510 1 0.0 4742 25.3 2512 1 0.0 4743 25.4 2520 2 0.0 4745 25.4 2554 3 0.0 4748 25.4 261 2 0.0 4750 25.4 262 1 0.0 4751 25.4 2639 14 0.1 4765 25.5 2699 2 0.0 4767 25.5 2724 1 0.0 4768 25.5 2727 1 0.0 4769 25.5 2732 1 0.0 4770 25.5 2733 2 0.0 4772 25.5 2738 2 0.0 4774 25.5 2741 1 0.0 4775 25.5 2750 1 0.0 4776 25.5 2754 3 0.0 4779 25.5 2760 2 0.0 4781 25.6 2761 2 0.0 4783 25.6 2762 8 0.0 4791 25.6 2763 1 0.0 4792 25.6 2765 18 0.1 4810 25.7 2767 3 0.0 4813 25.7 2768 2 0.0 4815 25.7 2769 4 0.0 4819 25.8 2770 3 0.0 4822 25.8 2773 8 0.0 4830 25.8 2775 1 0.0 4831 25.8 2778 1 0.0 4832 25.8 2779 1 0.0 4833 25.8 2780 19 0.1 4852 25.9 2788 4 0.0 4856 26.0 2791 126 0.7 4982 26.6 2793 9 0.0 4991 26.7 2794 1 0.0 4992 26.7 280 2 0.0 4994 26.7 2812 1 0.0 4995 26.7 2819 1 0.0 4996 26.7 2826 6 0.0 5002 26.7 2829 1 0.0 5003 26.7 2848 4 0.0 5007 26.8 2849 5 0.0 5012 26.8 2859 15 0.1 5027 26.9 2866 11 0.1 5038 26.9 2869 4 0.0 5042 27.0 CUMULATIVE CUMULATIVE DTHCODE FREQUENCY PERCENT FREQUENCY PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------ 2873 2 0.0 5044 27.0 2875 3 0.0 5047 27.0 2879 1 0.0 5048 27.0 2880 5 0.0 5053 27.0 2898 4 0.0 5057 27.0 2899 1 0.0 5058 27.0 2900 9 0.0 5067 27.1 2901 11 0.1 5078 27.1 2904 2 0.0 5080 27.2 2910 2 0.0 5082 27.2 2911 1 0.0 5083 27.2 2912 1 0.0 5084 27.2 2918 1 0.0 5085 27.2 2953 1 0.0 5086 27.2 2979 1 0.0 5087 27.2 2989 16 0.1 5103 27.3 303 55 0.3 5158 27.6 3049 39 0.2 5197 27.8 3050 11 0.1 5208 27.8 3051 1 0.0 5209 27.8 3055 1 0.0 5210 27.9 3059 14 0.1 5224 27.9 3062 1 0.0 5225 27.9 3071 4 0.0 5229 28.0 3089 2 0.0 5231 28.0 3109 39 0.2 5270 28.2 311 1 0.0 5271 28.2 3181 1 0.0 5272 28.2 319 4 0.0 5276 28.2 3201 2 0.0 5278 28.2 3203 1 0.0 5279 28.2 3209 1 0.0 5280 28.2 3229 3 0.0 5283 28.2 3239 7 0.0 5290 28.3 3240 3 0.0 5293 28.3 3249 1 0.0 5294 28.3 326 1 0.0 5295 28.3 3301 1 0.0 5296 28.3 3310 62 0.3 5358 28.6 3311 1 0.0 5359 28.6 3314 2 0.0 5361 28.7 3319 8 0.0 5369 28.7 3320 35 0.2 5404 28.9 3330 1 0.0 5405 28.9 3334 2 0.0 5407 28.9 3351 1 0.0 5408 28.9 3352 31 0.2 5439 29.1 3369 2 0.0 5441 29.1 340 14 0.1 5455 29.2 3429 5 0.0 5460 29.2 3432 1 0.0 5461 29.2 3439 6 0.0 5467 29.2 3441 3 0.0 5470 29.2 3446 1 0.0 5471 29.2 CUMULATIVE CUMULATIVE DTHCODE FREQUENCY PERCENT FREQUENCY PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------ 3448 1 0.0 5472 29.3 3451 3 0.0 5475 29.3 3453 12 0.1 5487 29.3 3459 7 0.0 5494 29.4 3481 24 0.1 5518 29.5 3482 1 0.0 5519 29.5 3483 5 0.0 5524 29.5 3484 1 0.0 5525 29.5 3485 2 0.0 5527 29.5 3488 1 0.0 5528 29.6 3489 2 0.0 5530 29.6 3568 3 0.0 5533 29.6 3569 1 0.0 5534 29.6 3580 2 0.0 5536 29.6 3591 5 0.0 5541 29.6 3599 2 0.0 5543 29.6 3940 11 0.1 5554 29.7 3941 2 0.0 5556 29.7 3949 11 0.1 5567 29.8 3951 1 0.0 5568 29.8 3952 1 0.0 5569 29.8 396 4 0.0 5573 29.8 3970 1 0.0 5574 29.8 3979 5 0.0 5579 29.8 3989 14 0.1 5593 29.9 4019 36 0.2 5629 30.1 4020 1 0.0 5630 30.1 4029 192 1.0 5822 31.1 4039 38 0.2 5860 31.3 4049 21 0.1 5881 31.4 410 2512 13.4 8393 44.9 411 48 0.3 8441 45.1 412 8 0.0 8449 45.2 413 8 0.0 8457 45.2 4140 1552 8.3 10009 53.5 4141 1 0.0 10010 53.5 4148 84 0.4 10094 54.0 4149 516 2.8 10610 56.7 4151 86 0.5 10696 57.2 4160 11 0.1 10707 57.2 4161 3 0.0 10710 57.3 4169 12 0.1 10722 57.3 4209 1 0.0 10723 57.3 4210 11 0.1 10734 57.4 4229 5 0.0 10739 57.4 4239 2 0.0 10741 57.4 4240 15 0.1 10756 57.5 4241 36 0.2 10792 57.7 4249 15 0.1 10807 57.8 4251 4 0.0 10811 57.8 4254 149 0.8 10960 58.6 4255 16 0.1 10976 58.7 4259 3 0.0 10979 58.7 4260 4 0.0 10983 58.7 CUMULATIVE CUMULATIVE DTHCODE FREQUENCY PERCENT FREQUENCY PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------ 4268 1 0.0 10984 58.7 4269 1 0.0 10985 58.7 4271 2 0.0 10987 58.7 4273 22 0.1 11009 58.8 4274 12 0.1 11021 58.9 4275 401 2.1 11422 61.1 4276 1 0.0 11423 61.1 4278 7 0.0 11430 61.1 4279 29 0.2 11459 61.3 4280 223 1.2 11682 62.4 4281 1 0.0 11683 62.5 4289 48 0.3 11731 62.7 4290 8 0.0 11739 62.8 4291 11 0.1 11750 62.8 4292 521 2.8 12271 65.6 4293 9 0.0 12280 65.6 4299 17 0.1 12297 65.7 430 73 0.4 12370 66.1 431 163 0.9 12533 67.0 4321 1 0.0 12534 67.0 4329 20 0.1 12554 67.1 4330 3 0.0 12557 67.1 4331 3 0.0 12560 67.1 4340 99 0.5 12659 67.7 4341 6 0.0 12665 67.7 4349 72 0.4 12737 68.1 435 3 0.0 12740 68.1 436 568 3.0 13308 71.1 4370 37 0.2 13345 71.3 4371 5 0.0 13350 71.4 4372 2 0.0 13352 71.4 4373 2 0.0 13354 71.4 4378 3 0.0 13357 71.4 4379 26 0.1 13383 71.5 438 36 0.2 13419 71.7 4402 5 0.0 13424 71.8 4409 130 0.7 13554 72.5 4410 23 0.1 13577 72.6 4411 9 0.0 13586 72.6 4412 4 0.0 13590 72.6 4413 34 0.2 13624 72.8 4414 8 0.0 13632 72.9 4415 15 0.1 13647 73.0 4416 4 0.0 13651 73.0 4423 2 0.0 13653 73.0 4428 2 0.0 13655 73.0 4429 2 0.0 13657 73.0 4439 23 0.1 13680 73.1 4440 1 0.0 13681 73.1 4441 2 0.0 13683 73.1 4442 6 0.0 13689 73.2 4448 2 0.0 13691 73.2 4449 3 0.0 13694 73.2 4460 2 0.0 13696 73.2 CUMULATIVE CUMULATIVE DTHCODE FREQUENCY PERCENT FREQUENCY PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------ 4464 1 0.0 13697 73.2 4465 1 0.0 13698 73.2 4466 1 0.0 13699 73.2 4471 1 0.0 13700 73.2 4472 1 0.0 13701 73.2 4476 4 0.0 13705 73.3 4479 2 0.0 13707 73.3 4511 5 0.0 13712 73.3 4512 6 0.0 13718 73.3 4519 7 0.0 13725 73.4 4532 1 0.0 13726 73.4 4533 1 0.0 13727 73.4 4538 1 0.0 13728 73.4 4556 1 0.0 13729 73.4 4560 3 0.0 13732 73.4 4561 1 0.0 13733 73.4 4568 1 0.0 13734 73.4 4589 5 0.0 13739 73.4 4590 4 0.0 13743 73.5 4592 1 0.0 13744 73.5 4599 5 0.0 13749 73.5 4643 1 0.0 13750 73.5 4660 1 0.0 13751 73.5 4661 1 0.0 13752 73.5 475 1 0.0 13753 73.5 4788 1 0.0 13754 73.5 4809 5 0.0 13759 73.6 481 29 0.2 13788 73.7 4820 4 0.0 13792 73.7 4821 5 0.0 13797 73.8 4822 1 0.0 13798 73.8 4823 3 0.0 13801 73.8 4824 2 0.0 13803 73.8 4828 6 0.0 13809 73.8 4829 4 0.0 13813 73.8 483 4 0.0 13817 73.9 485 68 0.4 13885 74.2 486 379 2.0 14264 76.2 4870 1 0.0 14265 76.3 4871 7 0.0 14272 76.3 4878 1 0.0 14273 76.3 490 4 0.0 14277 76.3 4910 1 0.0 14278 76.3 4912 13 0.1 14291 76.4 4919 5 0.0 14296 76.4 492 87 0.5 14383 76.9 4930 2 0.0 14385 76.9 4931 1 0.0 14386 76.9 4939 311 1.7 14697 78.6 494 5 0.0 14702 78.6 496 359 1.9 15061 80.5 500 3 0.0 15064 80.5 502 1 0.0 15065 80.5 505 2 0.0 15067 80.5 CUMULATIVE CUMULATIVE DTHCODE FREQUENCY PERCENT FREQUENCY PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------ 5070 68 0.4 15135 80.9 5109 7 0.0 15142 80.9 5118 1 0.0 15143 80.9 5119 3 0.0 15146 81.0 512 4 0.0 15150 81.0 5130 7 0.0 15157 81.0 514 4 0.0 15161 81.0 515 25 0.1 15186 81.2 5168 8 0.0 15194 81.2 5183 3 0.0 15197 81.2 5184 1 0.0 15198 81.2 5185 12 0.1 15210 81.3 5188 30 0.2 15240 81.5 5191 1 0.0 15241 81.5 5192 1 0.0 15242 81.5 5198 5 0.0 15247 81.5 5199 1 0.0 15248 81.5 5301 1 0.0 15249 81.5 5303 1 0.0 15250 81.5 5305 1 0.0 15251 81.5 5306 1 0.0 15252 81.5 5307 1 0.0 15253 81.5 5308 1 0.0 15254 81.5 5309 1 0.0 15255 81.5 5314 12 0.1 15267 81.6 5315 9 0.0 15276 81.7 5316 1 0.0 15277 81.7 5317 1 0.0 15278 81.7 5319 1 0.0 15279 81.7 5324 7 0.0 15286 81.7 5325 6 0.0 15292 81.7 5333 1 0.0 15293 81.8 5334 14 0.1 15307 81.8 5335 7 0.0 15314 81.9 5337 1 0.0 15315 81.9 5339 3 0.0 15318 81.9 5344 1 0.0 15319 81.9 5350 1 0.0 15320 81.9 5354 3 0.0 15323 81.9 5355 1 0.0 15324 81.9 5361 1 0.0 15325 81.9 5374 1 0.0 15326 81.9 5378 1 0.0 15327 81.9 5379 3 0.0 15330 81.9 5400 3 0.0 15333 82.0 5401 1 0.0 15334 82.0 543 1 0.0 15335 82.0 5501 2 0.0 15337 82.0 5522 1 0.0 15338 82.0 5523 1 0.0 15339 82.0 5532 1 0.0 15340 82.0 5533 2 0.0 15342 82.0 5559 3 0.0 15345 82.0 556 8 0.0 15353 82.1 CUMULATIVE CUMULATIVE DTHCODE FREQUENCY PERCENT FREQUENCY PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------ 5570 33 0.2 15386 82.2 5571 2 0.0 15388 82.3 5579 9 0.0 15397 82.3 558 6 0.0 15403 82.3 5600 1 0.0 15404 82.3 5601 2 0.0 15406 82.4 5602 2 0.0 15408 82.4 5603 1 0.0 15409 82.4 5608 2 0.0 15411 82.4 5609 18 0.1 15429 82.5 5621 18 0.1 15447 82.6 5641 1 0.0 15448 82.6 5647 1 0.0 15449 82.6 5672 6 0.0 15455 82.6 5679 10 0.1 15465 82.7 5680 2 0.0 15467 82.7 5698 12 0.1 15479 82.7 5699 4 0.0 15483 82.8 570 5 0.0 15488 82.8 5710 14 0.1 15502 82.9 5711 9 0.0 15511 82.9 5712 108 0.6 15619 83.5 5713 29 0.2 15648 83.6 5714 8 0.0 15656 83.7 5715 114 0.6 15770 84.3 5716 2 0.0 15772 84.3 5718 12 0.1 15784 84.4 5719 4 0.0 15788 84.4 5720 1 0.0 15789 84.4 5722 5 0.0 15794 84.4 5723 4 0.0 15798 84.4 5724 5 0.0 15803 84.5 5728 29 0.2 15832 84.6 5733 7 0.0 15839 84.7 5734 1 0.0 15840 84.7 5738 2 0.0 15842 84.7 5739 11 0.1 15853 84.7 5740 1 0.0 15854 84.7 5741 1 0.0 15855 84.8 5743 1 0.0 15856 84.8 5744 1 0.0 15857 84.8 5750 5 0.0 15862 84.8 5751 6 0.0 15868 84.8 5758 1 0.0 15869 84.8 5759 1 0.0 15870 84.8 5761 4 0.0 15874 84.9 5762 2 0.0 15876 84.9 5770 23 0.1 15899 85.0 5771 3 0.0 15902 85.0 5772 1 0.0 15903 85.0 5789 47 0.3 15950 85.3 5819 1 0.0 15951 85.3 5828 1 0.0 15952 85.3 5829 8 0.0 15960 85.3 CUMULATIVE CUMULATIVE DTHCODE FREQUENCY PERCENT FREQUENCY PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------ 5837 1 0.0 15961 85.3 5839 4 0.0 15965 85.3 5845 1 0.0 15966 85.3 5849 24 0.1 15990 85.5 585 44 0.2 16034 85.7 586 100 0.5 16134 86.2 5888 1 0.0 16135 86.3 5900 8 0.0 16143 86.3 5901 4 0.0 16147 86.3 5902 1 0.0 16148 86.3 5908 8 0.0 16156 86.4 5920 4 0.0 16160 86.4 5934 2 0.0 16162 86.4 5938 1 0.0 16163 86.4 5939 28 0.1 16191 86.6 5959 2 0.0 16193 86.6 5960 1 0.0 16194 86.6 5990 65 0.3 16259 86.9 5996 1 0.0 16260 86.9 6029 1 0.0 16261 86.9 6142 1 0.0 16262 86.9 6144 1 0.0 16263 86.9 6161 1 0.0 16264 86.9 6190 1 0.0 16265 86.9 6191 1 0.0 16266 87.0 6202 1 0.0 16267 87.0 6339 1 0.0 16268 87.0 641 1 0.0 16269 87.0 6424 1 0.0 16270 87.0 6426 1 0.0 16271 87.0 673 2 0.0 16273 87.0 6826 1 0.0 16274 87.0 6829 2 0.0 16276 87.0 6951 1 0.0 16277 87.0 6954 3 0.0 16280 87.0 7070 27 0.1 16307 87.2 7100 12 0.1 16319 87.2 7101 4 0.0 16323 87.3 7102 1 0.0 16324 87.3 7103 2 0.0 16326 87.3 7104 2 0.0 16328 87.3 7110 4 0.0 16332 87.3 7140 10 0.1 16342 87.4 7148 1 0.0 16343 87.4 7159 2 0.0 16345 87.4 7211 1 0.0 16346 87.4 7219 1 0.0 16347 87.4 7222 1 0.0 16348 87.4 7288 1 0.0 16349 87.4 7289 1 0.0 16350 87.4 7293 1 0.0 16351 87.4 7294 2 0.0 16353 87.4 7310 1 0.0 16354 87.4 7330 3 0.0 16357 87.4 CUMULATIVE CUMULATIVE DTHCODE FREQUENCY PERCENT FREQUENCY PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------ 7371 1 0.0 16358 87.4 7373 2 0.0 16360 87.5 7419 1 0.0 16361 87.5 7421 1 0.0 16362 87.5 7423 2 0.0 16364 87.5 7452 1 0.0 16365 87.5 7454 1 0.0 16366 87.5 7455 1 0.0 16367 87.5 7464 3 0.0 16370 87.5 7468 1 0.0 16371 87.5 7469 2 0.0 16373 87.5 7470 1 0.0 16374 87.5 7472 1 0.0 16375 87.5 7478 6 0.0 16381 87.6 7531 9 0.0 16390 87.6 7580 3 0.0 16393 87.6 7597 2 0.0 16395 87.6 7598 3 0.0 16398 87.7 7802 1 0.0 16399 87.7 7803 9 0.0 16408 87.7 7830 1 0.0 16409 87.7 7854 2 0.0 16411 87.7 7855 15 0.1 16426 87.8 7863 2 0.0 16428 87.8 7895 1 0.0 16429 87.8 7903 1 0.0 16430 87.8 797 9 0.0 16439 87.9 7981 1 0.0 16440 87.9 7989 2 0.0 16442 87.9 7991 18 0.1 16460 88.0 7998 4 0.0 16464 88.0 7999 187 1.0 16651 89.0 8052 11 0.1 16662 89.1 8100 2 0.0 16664 89.1 8102 1 0.0 16665 89.1 8109 1 0.0 16666 89.1 8110 1 0.0 16667 89.1 8120 107 0.6 16774 89.7 8121 46 0.2 16820 89.9 8122 19 0.1 16839 90.0 8123 1 0.0 16840 90.0 8129 32 0.2 16872 90.2 8135 1 0.0 16873 90.2 8136 7 0.0 16880 90.2 8147 77 0.4 16957 90.6 8150 45 0.2 17002 90.9 8151 19 0.1 17021 91.0 8152 9 0.0 17030 91.0 8153 1 0.0 17031 91.0 8159 17 0.1 17048 91.1 8160 65 0.3 17113 91.5 8161 19 0.1 17132 91.6 8162 7 0.0 17139 91.6 8169 15 0.1 17154 91.7 CUMULATIVE CUMULATIVE DTHCODE FREQUENCY PERCENT FREQUENCY PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------ 8180 4 0.0 17158 91.7 8181 4 0.0 17162 91.7 8182 1 0.0 17163 91.7 8189 10 0.1 17173 91.8 8190 9 0.0 17182 91.8 8191 7 0.0 17189 91.9 8192 1 0.0 17190 91.9 8193 1 0.0 17191 91.9 8199 46 0.2 17237 92.1 8200 1 0.0 17238 92.1 8209 2 0.0 17240 92.2 8218 1 0.0 17241 92.2 8227 1 0.0 17242 92.2 8250 1 0.0 17243 92.2 8259 3 0.0 17246 92.2 8282 2 0.0 17248 92.2 8300 2 0.0 17250 92.2 8301 2 0.0 17252 92.2 8309 3 0.0 17255 92.2 8320 3 0.0 17258 92.3 8322 2 0.0 17260 92.3 8329 7 0.0 17267 92.3 8381 1 0.0 17268 92.3 8388 1 0.0 17269 92.3 8389 1 0.0 17270 92.3 8403 2 0.0 17272 92.3 8411 1 0.0 17273 92.3 8412 1 0.0 17274 92.3 8413 10 0.1 17284 92.4 8415 7 0.0 17291 92.4 8419 2 0.0 17293 92.4 8500 21 0.1 17314 92.6 8501 1 0.0 17315 92.6 8502 1 0.0 17316 92.6 8505 3 0.0 17319 92.6 8508 4 0.0 17323 92.6 851 2 0.0 17325 92.6 8528 1 0.0 17326 92.6 8530 1 0.0 17327 92.6 8532 1 0.0 17328 92.6 8540 2 0.0 17330 92.6 8542 2 0.0 17332 92.6 8552 20 0.1 17352 92.8 856 1 0.0 17353 92.8 8580 1 0.0 17354 92.8 8586 2 0.0 17356 92.8 8588 15 0.1 17371 92.9 8589 12 0.1 17383 92.9 8601 4 0.0 17387 92.9 8624 2 0.0 17389 93.0 8664 1 0.0 17390 93.0 8682 5 0.0 17395 93.0 8683 3 0.0 17398 93.0 8689 2 0.0 17400 93.0 CUMULATIVE CUMULATIVE DTHCODE FREQUENCY PERCENT FREQUENCY PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------ 8698 1 0.0 17401 93.0 8741 1 0.0 17402 93.0 8781 2 0.0 17404 93.0 8782 2 0.0 17406 93.0 8783 2 0.0 17408 93.1 8784 1 0.0 17409 93.1 8785 3 0.0 17412 93.1 8786 3 0.0 17415 93.1 8788 7 0.0 17422 93.1 8789 9 0.0 17431 93.2 8798 1 0.0 17432 93.2 8809 12 0.1 17444 93.2 8810 3 0.0 17447 93.3 8811 3 0.0 17450 93.3 882 14 0.1 17464 93.4 8830 1 0.0 17465 93.4 8841 1 0.0 17466 93.4 8842 2 0.0 17468 93.4 8849 5 0.0 17473 93.4 885 2 0.0 17475 93.4 887 8 0.0 17483 93.5 888 39 0.2 17522 93.7 8902 31 0.2 17553 93.8 8903 6 0.0 17559 93.9 8908 1 0.0 17560 93.9 8912 1 0.0 17561 93.9 8919 2 0.0 17563 93.9 8930 3 0.0 17566 93.9 894 2 0.0 17568 93.9 8981 1 0.0 17569 93.9 899 4 0.0 17573 93.9 9000 1 0.0 17574 93.9 9009 3 0.0 17577 94.0 9010 7 0.0 17584 94.0 9019 4 0.0 17588 94.0 9022 1 0.0 17589 94.0 9041 1 0.0 17590 94.0 9050 1 0.0 17591 94.0 9051 1 0.0 17592 94.0 9068 2 0.0 17594 94.1 907 1 0.0 17595 94.1 9102 7 0.0 17602 94.1 9103 1 0.0 17603 94.1 9104 3 0.0 17606 94.1 9108 32 0.2 17638 94.3 9109 6 0.0 17644 94.3 911 17 0.1 17661 94.4 912 17 0.1 17678 94.5 9131 1 0.0 17679 94.5 9133 1 0.0 17680 94.5 9138 7 0.0 17687 94.5 9139 1 0.0 17688 94.6 916 12 0.1 17700 94.6 9170 2 0.0 17702 94.6 CUMULATIVE CUMULATIVE DTHCODE FREQUENCY PERCENT FREQUENCY PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------ 9179 2 0.0 17704 94.6 918 3 0.0 17707 94.7 9190 11 0.1 17718 94.7 9191 1 0.0 17719 94.7 9192 4 0.0 17723 94.7 9193 1 0.0 17724 94.7 9196 1 0.0 17725 94.8 9197 2 0.0 17727 94.8 9198 1 0.0 17728 94.8 9199 1 0.0 17729 94.8 9218 1 0.0 17730 94.8 9220 1 0.0 17731 94.8 9229 11 0.1 17742 94.8 9232 3 0.0 17745 94.9 9238 2 0.0 17747 94.9 9239 2 0.0 17749 94.9 9250 1 0.0 17750 94.9 9251 3 0.0 17753 94.9 9258 4 0.0 17757 94.9 9259 5 0.0 17762 94.9 927 1 0.0 17763 95.0 9289 25 0.1 17788 95.1 9290 1 0.0 17789 95.1 9293 1 0.0 17790 95.1 9298 1 0.0 17791 95.1 9299 2 0.0 17793 95.1 9478 1 0.0 17794 95.1 9500 2 0.0 17796 95.1 9502 1 0.0 17797 95.1 9503 19 0.1 17816 95.2 9504 18 0.1 17834 95.3 9505 11 0.1 17845 95.4 9506 2 0.0 17847 95.4 9509 4 0.0 17851 95.4 9510 1 0.0 17852 95.4 9511 1 0.0 17853 95.4 9520 41 0.2 17894 95.7 9521 6 0.0 17900 95.7 9530 56 0.3 17956 96.0 9531 6 0.0 17962 96.0 9538 1 0.0 17963 96.0 954 13 0.1 17976 96.1 9550 47 0.3 18023 96.3 9551 31 0.2 18054 96.5 9552 22 0.1 18076 96.6 9553 1 0.0 18077 96.6 9554 169 0.9 18246 97.5 956 8 0.0 18254 97.6 9570 4 0.0 18258 97.6 9571 12 0.1 18270 97.7 9579 2 0.0 18272 97.7 9580 5 0.0 18277 97.7 9581 2 0.0 18279 97.7 9620 2 0.0 18281 97.7 CUMULATIVE CUMULATIVE DTHCODE FREQUENCY PERCENT FREQUENCY PERCENT ------------------------------------------------------ 9622 1 0.0 18282 97.7 963 14 0.1 18296 97.8 9650 18 0.1 18314 97.9 9651 24 0.1 18338 98.0 9652 3 0.0 18341 98.0 9654 193 1.0 18534 99.1 966 80 0.4 18614 99.5 9680 8 0.0 18622 99.5 9682 7 0.0 18629 99.6 9688 15 0.1 18644 99.7 9689 15 0.1 18659 99.7 970 3 0.0 18662 99.8 9800 4 0.0 18666 99.8 9803 1 0.0 18667 99.8 9804 8 0.0 18675 99.8 9805 2 0.0 18677 99.8 9809 2 0.0 18679 99.9 9820 2 0.0 18681 99.9 9821 4 0.0 18685 99.9 984 1 0.0 18686 99.9 9854 6 0.0 18692 99.9 9870 1 0.0 18693 99.9 9879 1 0.0 18694 99.9 9881 1 0.0 18695 99.9 9888 4 0.0 18699 100.0 9889 5 0.0 18704 100.0 989 2 0.0 18706 100.0 999 1 0.0 18707 100.0 Table 9. # Decendents w/FARS Recs by # Facilities Used in Last Yr CONTROL TABLE 9 NUMBER OF DECEDENTS IN SAMPLE WITH FARS RECORDS BY NUMBER OF FACILITIES USED IN LAST YEAR OF LIFE NUMBER OF CUMULATIVE FACILITIES FREQUENCY FREQUENCY 1 8,437 8,347 2 3,066 11,503 3 659 12,162 4 90 12,252 5 20 12,272 6 3 12,275 Table 10. # Decedents w/FARS Recs by # Episodes of Care/Last Yr CONTROL TABLE 10 NUMBER OF DECEDENTS IN SAMPLE WITH FARS RECORDS BY NUMBER OF EPISODES OF CARE IN LAST YEAR OF LIFE NUMBERS OF CUMULATIVE EPISODES FREQUENCY FRQUENCY 1 5,046 5,046 2 2,779 7,825 3 1,790 9,615 4 1,080 10,695 5 730 11,425 6 360 11,785 7 237 12,022 8 109 12,131 9 91 12,192 10 32 12,224 11 15 12,239 12 13 12,252 13 7 12,259 14 7 12,266 15 3 12,269 16 2 12,271 17 2 12,273 20 2 12,275 APPENDICES Appendix A - NMFS Informant Questionnaire From the Director You can help the U.S. Public Health Service to learn more about ways to prevent illness and to improve care for sick and dying persons. You or a relative provided some of the information that was included on the death certificate for the person named above. This information is helpful in understanding about deaths from various causes. Still, we need to learn more so that we can assure the best health care for ill persons and prevent early death when possible. We are therefore having the Bureau of the Census conduct a survey for us, and have randomly selected a sample of deaths in the United States in 1985 and 1986. We ask you to complete the questionnaire about the life and death of the person named above, even if the person died from old age or an accident. We know that this reminder of the person who died recently may be painful, but we believe that you will want to help others, and your answers will do that. Some of the questions may be difficult to answer, and you may not know the answers to all of them. Many questions may not apply to the person because we are using the same form for all persons in the study. We ask you to recall, to the best of your ability, and answer all that you can. A few general instruc- tions appear on page 2. All of your answers are strictly confidential. The identity of individuals will not be disclosed by either the Bureau of the Census or the Public Health Service without your written approval. We will not include any information that could identify an individual in the statistics we release. This survey is voluntary and is authorized by the Public Health Service Act (Title 42, United States Code, Section 242k). To add to our knowledge, we are requesting your authorization to secure medical information from hospitals or other health care facilities used by the person in the last year of life. Although there are no penalties for falling to reply, each unanswered question substantially lessons the accuracy of the final data. The success of this study depends on receiving information on every questionnaire we send out. Your reply is extremely important. Please mail the completed form to the Bureau of the Census within 5 DAYS in the enclosed envelope which requires no postage. Your prompt attention to this request is appreciated. Sincerely yours, Manning Feinleib.,Dr.P.H. Form NMF-1 FORM NMF-1 (5-2-86) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE BUREAU OF THE CENSUS ACTING AS COLLECTING AGENT FOR THE U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE 1986 NATIONAL MORTALITY FOLLOWBACK SURVEY (Please correct any error in name and address including ZIP Code) NOTICE - Information contained on this form which would permit identi- fication of any individual or establishment has been collected with a guarantee that it will be held in strict confidence, will be used only for purposes stated for this study, and will not be disclosed or released to others without the consent of the individual or the establishment in accordance with Section 308(d) of the Public Health Service Act (42 USC 242m). PLEASE RETURN Bureau of the Census WITHIN 5 DAYS 1201 East Tenth Street TO Jeffersonville, Indiania 47132 Instructions 1. Several items on this form refer to the person's last year of life. This means the time starting one year before the date of death and ending on the day of death. Example: If the date of death was January 5, 1986, the period referred to as the "last year of life" is January 5, 1985, to January 5, 1986. 2. Please answer each question to the best of your ability. In some cases you may wish to refer to records or ask other persons. Some questions ask for the amount of time before death that an event occurred, for example, the amount of time before death that the person last worked. If you do not know the exact amount of time, please give your best estimate or a range. Example: 12 to 14 years; or 2 to 3 months. 3. Since some questions will not apply in all cases, instructions for which question to answer next are printed after some of the answer categories. If there is no instruction after the answer, go to the very next question. 4. If the answer does not fit one of the printed answer categories, mark the "other" box and write in the answer. If there is no "other" category, write in the answer without marking a box. 5. If you still don't know the answer to a question, put a question mark (?) or write "Don't know" in the answer space. 6. We welcome any additional information you wish to provide. Use the space on the last page of the questionnaire. PLEASE BEGIN WITH PART A BELOW. Part A - Background Information PART A - BACKGROUND INFORMATION 1. How old was the person at the time of death? Ages in years 2. How was the person who died The person was - related to you ? 1 My husband or wife 2 My father or mother Mark (X) only one box. 3 My son or daughter 4 My brother or sister 5 My neighbor or friend 6 Someone else - Specify 3. Did you ever live in the same home with the person since the person became 25 years old ? 1 Yes-Go to next question 2 No-Skip to question 1 Do not count visits at the person's in Part B on page 3. home while you had a home somewhere else. 4. Since the person became 25 years old, 1 Less than one year how many years ALTOGETHER did you live 2 1 year to less than with him or her ? 5 years 3 5 years to less than 10 years Mark (X) only one box 4 10 years to less than 20 years 5 20 years or more Part B - Care in the Last Year of Life PART B - CARE IN THE LAST YEAR OF LIFE 1. During his or her entire life, 1 Yes-Go to next question was the person ever admitted to 2 No-Skip to question 3 a nursing home ? 2. What was the total amount of 1 Less than 3 months time the person spent in a 2 3 months to less than nursing home over his or her 1 year entire lifetime ? 3 1 year to less than 5 years Mark (X) only one box. 4 5 years or more 3. AT ANY TIME DURING THE LAST YEAR OF LIFE, was the person 1 Yes-Go to next question an overnight patient in a 2 No-Skip to question 6 hospital or a resident in a on page 4 nursing home ? 4. What were the names and addresses of all hospitals and nursing homes in which the person stayed at least one night DURING THE LAST YEAR OF LIFE ? (Please give as much of the address as you can.) 1) Hospital or nursing home name 2) Hospital or nursing home name Address (Number & street) Address (Number & street) City or Post Office City or Post Office State ZIP Code State ZIP Code ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Hospital or nursing home name 4) Hospital or nursing home name Address (Number & street) Address (Number & street) City or Post Office City or Post Office State ZIP Code State ZIP Code ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Hospital or nursing home name 6) Hospital or nursing home name Address (Number & street) Address (Number & street) City or Post Office City or Post Office State ZIP Code State ZIP Code ---------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: If more room is needed to list more hospitals or nursing homes, please continue on the last page of this questionnaire. 5. DURING THE LAST YEAR OF LIFE, Numbers of nights during how many total nights did the year before death person spend in hospitals & nursing homes ? Nights in hospital(s) Nights in nursing NOTE: If you are unsure, please home(s) give your best estimate. 6. During the last year of life, did the person stay overnight in any 1 Yes-Go to next other type of facility providing question health care ? 2 No-Skip to question 9 on page 5 Include places known as hospices, mental hospitals, drug and alcohol treatment centers, & so forth. A hospice gives care to dying persons. 7. What were the names and addresses of all these other facilities in which the person stayed during the last year of life ? (Please give as much of the address as you can.) 1) Name of place 2) Name of place Address (Number and street) Address (Number and street) City or Post Office City or Post Office State ZIP Code State ZIP Code ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Name of place 4) Name of place Address (Number and street) Address (Number and street) City or Post Office City or Post Office State ZIP Code State ZIP Code ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Name of place 6) Name of place Address (Number and street) Address (Number and street) City or Post Office City or Post Office State ZIP Code State ZIP Code ---------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: If more room is needed to list additional facilities, please continue on the last page of this questionnaire. 8. How many nights during the Numbers of nights during year last year of life did the before death person spend in each of the places listed above ? Nights in first place Nights in second place NOTE: If you are unsure, Nights in third place please give your best Nights in fourth place estimate. Nights in fifth place Nights in sixth place If more than 6 places, continue on last page of this questionnaire 9. During the last year of life, did the person receive hospice 1 Yes care at home ? 2 No Include only care provided by an organized hospice agency, one that gives special atten- tion to dying persons. 10. During the last year of life, about how many times did the person see a medical doctor? 0 None 1 1 Include all types of doctors 2 2 - 4 such as dermatologists, 3 5 - 9 psychiatrists, and ophthalmolo- 4 10 - 14 gists, as well as general practi- 5 15 - 24 tioners and osteopaths. 6 25 - 49 7 50 or more Do not count doctors seen while an overnight patient in a hospital, nursing home, or other institution. Mark (X) only one box. 11. During the last year of life, did the person see a psychiarist, psychologist, or any other mental 1 Yes health professional about any 2 No personal, emotional, behavioral, or mental problem? Do NOT count visits while an over- night patient in a hospital, nursing home, or other institution. 12. At any time during the last year of life, was the person 1 Yes - Go to next question on a waiting list to go into 2 No - Skip to question 14 a nursing home ? 13. After being on the waiting list, did the person get into 1 Yes a nursing home before he or 2 No she died ? 14. During the last year of life was the person on a waiting 1 Yes - Go to next question list to get hospice care either 2 No - Skip to question 16 at home or in a facility ? 15. After being on the waiting list, 1 Yes did the person get hospice care 2 No before he or she died ? 16. During the last year of life, was 1 Yes - Go to next question the person on a waiting list to 2 No - Skip to question 18 get homemaker service ? 17. After being on the waiting list, 1 Yes did the person get homemaker 2 No service before he or she died ? 18. During the last year of life was 1 Yes - Go to next question the person on a waiting list to 2 No - Skip to question 20 get visiting nurse service ? 19. After being on the waiting list, 1 Yes did the person get visiting 2 No nurse service before he or she died ? As part of this survey we would like to learn about how much Medicare helps pay for health care ? 20. Was the person covered 1 Yes - Go to next question by Medicare ? 2 No - Skip to question 22 21. What was the person's Medicare claim number ? Medicare claim number - - - Provision of this number is volun- This number may be found on tary & failure to provide the the person's Medicare card number will not have any effect which is white with a red & on the receipt of any benefits. blue stripe. The number may The information we receive will be found on the Explanation be used only for statistical of Medicare Benefits Forms purposes. Data from this survey that are sent after each will be linked with data supplied service used. by the Health Care Financing Administration. This information is collected under the aurthority of Section 306 of the Public Health Service Act. 22. During the last year of life, what sources were used to help 1 The person or other family pay for health care in hospitals, members living with the nursing homes, physician services, person or care in the home ? 2 Family members not living with the person Mark (X) all that apply. 3 Medicare 4 Medicaid 5 A prepaid health main- tenance organization 6 Private health insurance 1 Veterans Administration 2 Indian Health Service 3 Other government program Specify 4 Other - Specify 0 Didn't have any payments Skip to question 24 23. Which source marked in question 22 paid MOST of the costs of health Name of source care during the last year of life ? 24. What was the total amount of the Person's OWN money. NOT person's own money that was paid total bill. for the person's medical care during the last year of life ? 1 Less than $200 Also include payments made by 2 $200 - $499 related persons living in the 3 $500 - $999 same household. 4 $1,000 - $1,999 5 $2,000 - $2,999 Include expenses for doctors, 6 $3,000 - $4,999 hospitals, nursing homes, dental, 7 $5,000 - $9,999 optical, medicines, & other health 8 $10,000 - $14,999 expenses. 9 $15,000 - $19,999 10 $20,000 - $24,999 Also include payments made TO 11 $25,000 or more Medicare and any other health insurance. Do not include any amounts paid by or received from insurance, Medicare, or Medicaid. If you are unsure, please make your best estimate. Mark (X) only one box. 25. At any time during the last year of life did the person receive 1 Yes - Go to next question help from others in WALKING OR 2 No - Skip to question 27 use special equipment in WALKING ? Mark "Yes" if the person couldn't walk. (Special equipment includes canes, walkers, wheelchairs, handlebars, etc.) 26. How long was the person unable to walk or did the person receive help Length of time in WALKING or use equipment in WALKING during his or her entire life ? (For example, 5 years or 1 week) 27. At any time during the last year of life did the person receive help 1 Yes - Go to next from others in EATING OR use special question equipment in EATING ? 2 No - Skip to question 29 28. How long did the person receive help in EATING or use special Length of time equipment in EATING during his or her entire life ? (For example, 5 years or 1 week) 29. At any time during the last year 1 Yes - Go to next question of life did the person receive 2 No - Skip to question 31 help from others in BATHING OR use special equipment for BATHING ? 30. How long did the person receive help in BATHING or use equipment Length of time in BATHING during his or her entire life ? (For example, 5 years or 1 week) 31. At any time during the last year of life did the person receive 1 Yes - Go to next question help from others in DRESSING OR 2 No - Skip to question 33 use special equipment in DRESSING ? 32. How long did the person receive help in DRESSING or use equip- Length of time ment in DRESSING during his or her entire life ? (For example, 5 years or 1 week) 33. At any time during the last year of life did the person receive 1 Yes - Go to next question help from others in using the 2 No - Skip to question 35 TOLIET OR use special equipment in using the TOLIET ? 34. How long did the person receive help in using the TOLIET or use Length of time equipment in using the TOLIET during his or her entire life ? (For example, 5 years or 1 week) 35. For how much of the last year of 0 None - Go to next question life was the person in a nursing 1 At least one night but less home or other health facility or than half of the last year any other type of institution ? Go to next question 2 At least half but not all Mark (X) only one box. of the last year - Go to next question 3 All of the last year - Skip to question 39 36. During the last year of life, did the person receive help AT HOME 1 Yes from other persons in walking, 2 No eating, bathing, dressing, or using the toliet ? 37. During the last year of life, did anyone help the person AT HOME in 1 Yes giving medicines, pills, shots, 2 No injections, in changing bandages, or by providing nursing care ? If you marked No in both questions 36 AND 37, skip to question 39. 38. Who helped the person AT HOME 1 Husband or wife during the last year of life ? 2 Son 3 Daughter Mark (X) all that apply. 4 Other relative - what relation ? 5 Neighbor or friend 6 Visiting nurse 7 Visiting homemaker 8 Other - Specify 39. During the last year of life, how often did the person have trouble 1 All or most of the time understanding where he or she was ? 2 Some of the time 3 Only in last few hours or Mark (X) only one box. days before death 4 Never or hardly ever 40. During the last year of life, how often did the person have trouble 1 All or most of the time remembering what year it was ? 2 Some of the time 3 Only in last few hours Mark (X) only one box. or days before death 4 Never or hardly ever 41. During the last year of life, how often did the person have trouble 1 All or most of the time recognizing family members or 2 Some of the time good friends ? 3 Only in last few hours or days before death 4 Never or hardly ever 42. Did the person ever sign a paper stating NOT to use life-sustaining equipment or procedures if the person was definitely dying ? 1 Yes This paper is sometimes called a 2 No "living will." 43. During the LAST THREE YEARS OF LIFE, did anyone have any problems 1 Yes - very serious problem in finding a nursing home for the 2 Yes - Somewhat serious person or getting the person into problem a nursing home ? 3 No - Not a problem or not applicable 44. During the LAST YEAR OF LIFE, did anyone have any problems in getting 1 Yes - very serious problem help to care for the person at home ? 2 Yes - Somewhat serious problem 3 No - Not a problem or not applicable 45. During the last year of life, did 1 Yes - Very serious problem anyone have any problems in paying 2 Yes - Somewhat serious the medical bills for the person ? problem 3 No - Not a problem or not applicable 46. During the last year of life, did 1 Yes - Very serious problem anyone have any problems in finding 2 Yes - Somewhat serious and getting treatment from a doctor problem for the person ? 3 No - Not a problem or not applicable Continue with Part C on the next page. Part C - Life Style and Health PART C - LIFE STYLE AND HEALTH 1. AT ANY TIME IN THE PERSON'S LIFE, 1 Yes - Go to next question did he or she ever have high blood 2 No - Skip to question 5 pressure (hypertension) ? 2. How long before death was the high blood pressure (hypertension) first noticed ? _____________________ (For example, 3 years or 2 weeks) Time before death 3. Did a doctor prescribe medicine 1 Yes - Go to next question for the high blood pressure ? 2 No - Skip to question 5 4. On the average over the time prescribed, did the person take 1 Very regularly the medicine regularly ? 2 Not very regularly 3 Hardly at all or never (If more than one medicine was prescribed, did the person take all or most of them regularly ?) 5. At any time in the person's life, 1 Yes - Go to next question did he or she ever have a heart 2 No - Skip to question 7 attack ? 6. How long before death did the ______________________ person have the FIRST heart Time before death attack ? (For example, 3 years or 2 weeks) 7. At any time in the person's life, did he or she ever have angina 1 Yes - Go to next question pectoris ? 2 No - Skip to question 9 8. How long before death was the angina pectoris first noticed ? ______________________ Time before death (For example, 3 years or 2 weeks) 9. At any time in his or her life, did the person have a stroke in which 1 Yes - Go to next question any resulting conditions (such as 2 No - Skip to question 11 paralysis, loss of vision or speech) lasted AT LEAST ONE DAY OR LONGER ? 10. How old was the person when he or she had the first stroke in ________Ages in years which there were resulting conditions lasting at least one day ? If not sure, give approximate age. 11. AT ANY TIME IN THE PERSON'S LIFE, did a doctor say that the person 1 Yes - Go to next question had Alzheimer's disease, chronic 2 No - Skip to question 13 brain syndrome, dementia, senility, or any other serious memory impair- ment ? 12. How long before death was this diagnosis first made ? _______________________ Time before death (For example, 3 years or 2 months) 13. At any time in the person's life, 1 Yes - Go to next question did he or she have any OTHER mental, 2 No - Skip to question 15 nervous, or emotional health problem ? 14. How long before death was the other mental, nervous, or emotional health _____________________ first noticed ? Time before death (For example, 3 years or 2 months) 15. At any time during the person's 1 Yes - Go to next question life, did he or she have 2 No - Skip to question 17 diabetes ? 16. How long before death was the diabetes first noticed ? ____________________ Time before death (For example, 3 years or 2 months) 17. Was cancer the main condition 1 Yes - Go to next question leading to death ? 2 No - Skip to question 19 18. How long before death was this _____________________ cancer first noticed ? Time before death (For example, 3 years or 2 months) Skip to question 21 19. At any time during the person's life, did he or she have cancer of 1 Yes - Go to next question any kind, except skin cancer ? 2 No - Skip to question 21 20. How long before death was cancer, except skin cancer, first noticed ? _______________________ Time before death (For example, 3 years or 2 months) 21. At any time during the person's 1 Yes - Go to next question life, did he or she have asthma ? 2 No - Skip to question 23 22. How long before death was the asthma _____________________ first noticed? Time before death (For example, 3 years or 2 months) 23. At any time during the person's life, did he or she have any other 1 Yes - Go to next question lung condition such as emphysema or 2 No - Skip to question 25 bronchitis lasting 3 months or longer ? 24. How long before death was the first lung condition first noticed ? ____________________ Time before death (For example, 3 years or 2 months) 25. At any time in the person's life, did he or she have cirrhosis of 1 Yes - Go to next question the liver ? 2 No - Skip to question 27 26. How long before death was the cirrhosis first noticed ? _____________________ Time before death (For example, 3 years or 2 months) 27. Was there ever a time in the person's life that he or she was 1 Yes - Go to next question thought to be extremely near to 2 No - Skip to question 29 death but lived on ? 28. When was this time in the person's 1 Less than 3 months before life when he or she was thought to actual death be extremely near to death but 2 3 months to less than a lived on ? year before death 3 1 year to less than 5 (If there was more than one time, years before death please answer for the first time.) 4 5 years or more before death Mark (X) only one box. 29. Where did the person die ? 1 In a hospital emergency room Mark (X) only one box 2 In a hospital, not in emergency room 3 On the way to a hospital 4 In a nursing home or personal care home 5 In his or her own home 6 In some other place - Specify 30. At any time during the hour before death were you with 1 Yes the person ? 2 No 31. What was the person doing an 1 Confined to bed or chair hour before death ? because of illness or injury Mark (X) all that apply. 2 Working 3 Quiet recreation such as watching TV or playing cards 4 Active recreation such as yard work, exercise or sports 5 Sleeping 6 Other - Specify 32. Within the hour before death, did the person start having a new or 1 Yes sharply increased problem such as 2 No chest pain, difficulty breathing, or fainting ? IF THE PERSON WAS A MALE, SKIP TO QUESTION 42. 33. Did she EVER regularly take 1 Yes - Go to next question birth control pills ? 2 No - Skip to question 36 34. Altogether, about how long did 1 Less than one year she take birth control pills ? 2 1 year but less than 5 years 3 5 years but less than 10 years 4 10 years or longer 35. At what age did she start taking birth control pills ? _________Ages in years If not sure, give approximate age. 36. How many LIVE BIRTHS did she ever have ? Please include children who _______Number of live births died very young. 37. Did she ever have a hysterectomy ? 1 Yes - Go to next question 2 No - Skip to question 40 (An operation to remove the uterus) 38. How old was she when she had the hysterectomy ? ______Ages in years If unsure, give approximate age. 39. Before the hysterectomy, had her menstrual periods already ended 1 Yes - Skip to question 41 due to menopause or the "change 2 No - Skip to question 42 of life"? 40. Had her menstrual periods ever 1 Yes - Go to next question ended due to menopause or the 2 No - Skip to question 42 "change of life"? 41. How old was she when her menstrual periods ended ? _______Age in years If unsure, give approximate age. ANSWER FOR BOTH MALE AND FEMALE 42. Did the person ever have an 1 Yes - Go to next question operation to be sterilized ? 2 No - Skip to question 44 (For males, a vasectomy. For females, "tubes tied" or tubal ligation.) 43. How old was the person when he or she had an operation to be steri- _______Age in years lized ? If unsure, give approximate age. In these next questions, we are interested in the person's usual prac- tice, not in any possible recent change because of a health problem. DURING MOST OF HIS OR HER ADULT LIFE, on the average, how often did the person usually eat the following foods - 44. Red meat, such as beef, pork, lamb, 1 Every day or hamburger ? 2 3 to 6 times a week 3 1 or 2 times a week Mark (X) only one box. 4 1 to 3 times a month 5 Less than once a month 6 Never 45. Eggs or dairy products, such as 1 Every day milk, cheese, or butter ? 2 3 to 6 times a week 3 1 or 2 times a week Mark (X) only one box. 4 1 to 3 times a week 5 Less than once a month 6 Never 46. Fruit ? 1 Every day 2 3 to 6 times a week Mark (X) only one box. 3 1 or 2 times a week 4 1 to 3 times a month 5 Less than once a month 6 Never 47. Vegetables ? 1 Every day 2 3 to 6 times a week Mark (X) only one box. 3 1 or 2 times a week 4 1 to 3 times a month 5 Less than once a month 6 Never 48. Foods prepared by salt-curing or 1 Every day smoking, such as bacon, hot dogs, 2 3 to 6 times a week or smoked fish ? 3 1 or 2 times a week 4 1 to 3 times a month Mark (X) only one box. 5 Less than once a month 6 Never 49. During MOST of his or her adult 1 Very overweight life, was the person overweight, 2 Somewhat overweight underweight, or just about right ? 3 Only a little overweight 4 Underweight Mark (X) only one box. 5 About right 50. On the average, approximately what was the person's usual adult weight ? ______Pounds 51. What was the person's adult height ? _______Feet Enter both feet & inches, such as "5 AND feet & 6 inches." If no inches, enter "0." _______Inches 52. Did the person smoke at least 100 cigarettes in his or her entire life? 1 Yes - Go to next question (There are usually 20 or 25 cigarettes 2 No - Skip to ques- in a pack.) tion 57 53. How long did he or she smoke _______Years-go to next question cigarettes regularly ? x Less than 1 year o Never smoked regularly - Enter years or mark (X) a box. Skip to question 55 54. During the period he or she 1 Less than 5 cigarettes a day smoked most, on the average, 2 5 - 14 a day about how many cigarettes a 3 15 - 24 a day day did the person usually 4 25 - 34 a day smoke ? 5 35 - 44 a day 6 45 or more a day Mark (X) only one box. 55. Did the person stop smoking and 1 Yes - Go to next question not start again ? 2 No - Skip to question 57 56. How long before death did the person stop smoking ? ____________________ Time before death (For example: 3 years or 2 months) 57. Did the person ever regularly use 1 Yes - Go to next question chewing tobacco ? 2 No - Skip to question 60 58. How long did he or she regularly use chewing tobacco ? __________Years x Less than 1 year Enter years or mark (X) the box. 59. When he or she was regularly using 1 5 or more times a day chewing tobacco, on the average, how 2 3 - 4 times a day often did the person use it ? 3 1 - 2 times a day 4 3 - 6 times a day Mark (X) only one box. 5 1 or 2 times a week 6 1 to 3 times a month 7 Less than once a month 60. Did the person ever regularly 1 Yes - go to next question use snuff ? 2 No - Skip to question 63 61. How long did he or she regularly use snuff ? __________Years x Less than 1 year Enter years or mark (X) the box. 62. When he or she was regularly using 1 5 or more times a day snuff, on the average, how often 2 3 - 4 times a day did the person use it ? 3 1 - 2 times a day 4 3 - 6 times a week Mark (X) only one box. 5 1 or 2 times a week 6 1 to 3 times a month 7 Less than once a month 63. In the person's entire adult life, did he or she have at least 12 drinks of any kind of alcoholic 1 Yes - Go to next question beverage, such as beer, wine, or 2 No - Skip to question 66 liquor ? 64. On the average, during adult life, 1 Every day how often did he or she drink any 2 3 TO 6 times a week alcoholic beverages, such as beer, 3 1 OR 2 times a week wine, or liquor ? 4 1 TO 3 times a month 5 Less than once a month Mark (X) only one box. 65. On the days that the person drank, 1 Twelve or more how many drinks did he or she have 2 Seven to eleven on the average, per day ? 3 Five or six 4 Three or four Mark (X) only one box. 5 Two 6 One 66. Over the last 10 years (and not counting the last illness), did 1 Very regularly the person exercise vigorously at 2 Not very regularly least three times a week, for at 3 Hardly at all or never least 20 minutes each time ? (For example: running, swimming, bicycling, walking briskly, aerobic exercise, etc.) Mark (X) only one box. Part D - Characteristics of Person PART D - CHARACTERISTICS OF PERSON 1. Did the person EVER work at a 1 Yes - Go to next question paying job or a business full or 2 No - Skip to question 8 part time ? 2. Of all the PAID jobs or businesses the person ever had, what KIND OF ____________________________ WORK did he or she do the longest ? ____________________________ (For example, electrical engineer, ____________________________ stock clerk, typist, farmer, in ____________________________ Armed Forces, etc.) 3. For how many years did the person 1 Less than one year do this kind of work ? 2 1 to less than 5 years 3 5 to less than 10 years Mark (X) only one box. 4 10 to less than 20 years 5 20 to less than 30 years 6 30 to less than 40 years 7 40 years or more 4. In this occupation, what KIND OF BUSINESS OR INDUSTRY did he or she ____________________________ work in the longest? Describe the ____________________________ activity at the location where ____________________________ employed. (For example: TV and radio ____________________________ manufacturing, retail shoe store, ____________________________ State Labor Department, farm, Armed Forces, etc.) 5. Was the person employed at a 1 Yes - Skip to question 8 paying job or business up until 2 No - Go to next question the time he or she died ? 6. Why did the person stop working ? 1 Because of a health problem or disability Mark (X) only one box. 2 Because of loss of job 3 Normal retirement 4 Other reason - Specify _______________________ 7. How long before death was the last time the person worked at _______________________ a paying job or business (full Time before death or part time) ? (For example: 3 years or 2 months) 8. Did the person's husband or wife 1 Yes - Go to next question ever work at a paying job or business 2 No full or part time ? 3 Never married-Skip to If married more than once, answer for question 11 most recent husband or wife. 9. Of all the PAID jobs or businesses the person's husband or wife ever _________________________ had, what KIND OF WORK did the _________________________ husband or wife do the longest ? _________________________ (For example, electrical engineer, _________________________ stock clerk, typist, farmer, in Armed Forces, etc.) 10. In this occupation, what KIND OF BUSINESS OR INDUSTRY did the husband ________________________ or wife work in the longest ? Describe ________________________ the activity at the location where ________________________ employed. (For example, TV and radio ________________________ manufacturing, retail shoe store, ________________________ State Labor Department, farm, Armed Forces, etc.) 11. What was the size of the family during most of 1985 ? (Include the 0 Person lived in nursing person and all of his or her home, other health facility relatives living in the same house or other institution during hold ? most of 1985 1 One (Person either lived Mark (X) only one box. alone or with unrelated persons) 2 Two 3 Three 4 Four 5 Five 6 Six 7 Seven 8 Eight 9 Nine or more 12. What was the family's income in 1985 ? (Please include the person's income & 1 Less than $5,000 the income of all other related persons 2 $5,000 - $6,999 living in the same household as the 3 $7,000 - $8,999 person. Include money from jobs, social 4 $9,000 - $10,999 security, retirement income, unemployment 5 $11,000 - $12,999 payments, public assistance, etc. Also 6 $13,000 - $14,999 include from interest, dividends, net 7 $15,000 - $16,999 income from business, farm, or rent, & 8 $17,000 - $18,999 any other money income received.) 9 $19,000 - $21,999 10 $22,000 - $24,999 Mark (X) only one box. 11 $25,000 and over 13. Was the person ever on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces ? 1 Yes-Go to next question Note-Mark "No" if all of the active 2 No-Skip to question 15 duty service was related to training in the National Guard or military reserve. 14. At the time of death, was the person 1 Yes on full-time active duty with the 2 No Armed Forces ? 15. Which category BEST represents the 1 American Indian, person's race ? Aleut, or Eskimo 2 Asian or Pacific Mark (X) only one box. Islander 3 Black 4 White 16. Was this person of Spanish or Hispanic 1 Yes origin or descent ? 2 No 17. Who did the person live with at the 1 Lived alone-Go to next time of death ? (If the person was question living in an institution at the time 2 Lived with other persons of death, who did he or she live with (List relationship for BEFORE entering the institution ?) each other person below, If more room is needed to list addi- for example, husband/ tional persons, continue on the last wife, son, friend, etc. page of this questionnaire. Person Relationship _____________________ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 18. What was the highest grade or year 1 Less than 5 years of regular school the person ever 2 5 - 7 years completed ? 3 8 years 4 9 - 11 years Mark (X) only one box. 5 High school graduate 6 1 - 3 years of college 7 4 years of college or more 19. At the time of his or her death, 1 Married-Skip to question 21 what was the marital status of 2 Widowed-Go to next question the person ? 3 Divorced-Skip to question21 4 Separated- Skip to question 21 5 Never married - Skip to question 26 20. About how long before the person's death did the person's husband or _________________________ wife die ? Time before person's death (For example: 3 years or 2 months) 21. Counting all marriages which the person may have had, for how many ___________Years years ALTOGETHER was he or she x Less than 1 year married ? Enter number or mark (X) the box. 22. How many different persons was he or she ever married to during his ______Number of different or her entire life ? husbands or wives 23. What was the highest grade or year 1 Less than 5 years of regular school completed by the 2 5 - 7 years person's husband or wife ? 3 8 years If the person was married more than 4 9 - 11 years once, answer for the most recent 5 High school graduate husband or wife. 6 1 - 3 years of college Mark (X) only one box. 7 4 years of college or more 24. While the person was married, did his or her husband or wife smoke at 1 Yes-Go to next question least 100 cigarettes ? 2 No-Skip to question 26 If the person was married more than once & any of the husbands or wives smoked at least 100 cigarettes, mark "Yes". 25. On the average, how many cigarettes 1 Less than 5 cigarettes a day did the person's husband or a day wife smoke ? 2 5 - 14 a day If the person was married more than 3 15 - 24 a day once, answer for the most recent 4 25 - 34 a day husband or wife who smoked. 5 35 - 44 a day 6 45 or more a day 26. In what year was the person's natural father born ? Year of father's If unsure, please give approximate birth year. 27. If the person's natural father has died, how old was the father when the father died ? _______Father's age of death Give age or mark (x) the box. x Still living 28. In what year was the person's natural mother born ? Year of mother's birth If unsure, please give approximate year. 29. If the person's natural mother has died, how old was the mother when the mother died ? _______Mother's age at death Give age or mark (X) the box. x Still living 30. Did the person's natural father 1 Yes-Go to next question ever have a heart attack ? 2 No-Skip to question 32 31. About how old was the person's natural father when he had his first heart attack ? _________Age of father If unsure, please give approxi- mate age. 32. Did the person's natural mother 1 Yes-Go to next question ever have a heart attack ? 2 No-Skip to question 34 33. About how old was the person's natural mother when she had her first heart attack ? _________Age of mother If unsure, please give approxi- mate age. 34. How many brothers who lived to be 25 years old or older did the person _______Number of brothers - have ? Go to next question (Do not include half, step, or adoptive 0 None-Skip to question brothers.) 37 Enter number or mark (X) the box. 35. How many of the person's brothers ever had a heart attack ? ________Number who had a (Count only brothers who lived to be heart attack. at least 25 years old.) Enter number or mark (X) the box. 0 None-Skip to question 37 36. How old were these brothers when _____Brother's age at time of they had a heart attack ? heart attack For each brother who had a heart _____Brother's age at time of attack, enter that brother's age heart attack when he had the first heart attack._____Brother's age at time of If unsure, give approximate ages. heart attack _____Brother's age at time of heart attack _____Brother's age at time of heart attack _____Brother's age at time of heart attack 37. How many sisters who lived to be 25 years old or older did the ______Number of sisters-Go person have ? to next question (Do not include half, step, or 0 None-Skip to question 40 adoptive sisters.) Enter number or mark (X) the box. 38. How many of the person's sisters ever had a heart attack ? ______Number who had a heart (Count only sisters who lived to attack-Go to next be at least 25 years old.) question Enter number or mark (X) the box. 0 None-Skip to question 40 39. How old were these sisters when they had a heart attack ? ______Sister's age at time of For each sister who had a heart heart attack attack, enter that sister's age ______Sister's age at time of when she had the first heart heart attack attack. ______Sister's age at time of If unsure, give approximate ages. heart attack ______Sister's age at time of heart attack ______Sister's age at time of heart attack ______Sister's age at time of heart attack 40. At the time of death, what was the 0 Zero net worth (or total value of things (including a loss) home if any) owned by the person 1 $1 - $4,999 (and husband or wife) ? 2 $5,000 - $24,999 Subtract any debts & mortgages. 3 $25,000 - $49,999 Include cash in bank accounts, stocks, 4 $50,000 - $99,999 bonds, cars, jewelry, business interests, 5 $100,000 - $249,999 etc. 6 $250,000 - $499,999 If unsure, please make your best estimate. 7 $500,000 or more Mark (X) only one box. 41. Is there anyone else who might be Yes - What is his or her able to add to the information you name, address, and gave on this questionnaire ? telephone number ? No - Go to next question Name ___________________________ Address (Number & street) ___________________________ City or Post Office ___________________________ State ZIP Code ___________________________ Area code Telephone number _(____)____________________ No telephone 42. Sometimes particular questions are not clear to the person answering Your name them. Would you please give us your ______________________________ name & telephone number so that we Area code Telephone number can call you in case we have some _________ __________________ questions ? No telephone Please go to the next page, read and complete the authorization. Authorization to Obtain Information from Medical Records I hereby give my consent for hospitals, nursing homes, and other medical sources that maintain records on the person named below to provide the required information to the National Center for Health Statistics through the U.S. Bureau of the Census. I understand that the National Center for Health Statistics will use this Information only for statistics purposes and no information which identifies me, the person names below, or the medical source will ever be released or published. ______________ _____________________________________ (Today's date) (Your signature) _____________________________________ (Relationship to the deceased) _____________________________________ (Name of the deceased. Please print) This authorization expires one year from data of signature. Please return this entire questionnaire to the Bureau of the Census in the envelope provided. THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR COOPERATION. Additional Answers or Comments (Continued from earlier questions.PLEASE SHOW THE PAGE & QUESTION NUMBER TO WHICH EACH OF YOUR ENTRIES APPLIES.) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Please add any comments or suggestions that you think can help in this study. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Page 24 *U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1986-646-009/40017 Appendix A - NMFS Facility Abstract Record FORM NMF-6 (8-22-86) FACILITY ABSTRACT RECORD 1986 NATIONAL MORTALITY FOLLOWBACK SURVEY OMB No. 0937-0144: Approved Expires December 30, 1987 NOTICE - Information contained on this form which would permit identification of any individual or establishment has been collected with a guarantee that it will be held in strict confidence, will be used only for purposes stated for this study, and will not be disclosed or released to others without the consent of the individual or the establishment in accordance with Section 308(d) of the Public Health Service Act (42 USC 242m). PLEASE COMPLETE ITEMS A-F, AS APPROPRIATE, FOR THE DECEDENT IDENTIFIED IN I - IV. I. Name of decedent II. Date of death III. Date of birth IV. Address of decedent Number and street City State ZIP Code V. Name of hospital or institution VI. Decedent's control number VII. Facility control number A. Was the person named above discharged (either dead or alive) from this hospital or institution since January 1, 1985? 1 Yes-Go to item B 2 No-Skip to item D B. For each discharge, what were the admission and discharge dates, diagnoses established at the time of discharge, and surgical and diagnostic procedures? (The principal diagnosis is the condition after study, chiefly responsible for the stay; if unknown, enter first listed diagnosis. The principal proce- dure is the procedure most related to the principal diagnosis; if unknown, enter first listed procedure.) Then go to item C. 1) a. Admission date (Month, day, year) b. Discharge date (Month, day, year) c. Diagnoses ICD-9-CM codes (if available) Principal-(1) Others-(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) d. Surgical and Diagnostic Procedures ICD-9-CM codes (Mark "None" if there were no procedures (if available) for this stay.) None Principal-(1) Others-(2) (3) (4) (5) 2) a. Admission date (Month, day, year) b. Discharge date (Month, day, year) c. Diagnoses ICD-9-CM codes (if available) Principal-(1) Others-(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) d. Surgical and Diagnostic Procedures ICD-9-CM codes (Mark "None" if there were no procedures (if available) for this stay.) None Principal-(1) Others-(2) (3) (4) (5) 3) a. Admission date (Month, day, year) b. Discharge date (Month, day, year) c. Diagnoses ICD-9-CM codes (if available) Principal-(1) Others-(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) d. Surgical and Diagnostic Procedures ICD-9-CM codes (Mark "None" if there were no procedures (if available) for this stay.) None Principal-(1) Others-(2) (3) (4) (5) 4) a. Admission date (Month, day, year) b. Discharge date (Month, day, year) c. Diagnoses ICD-9-CM codes (if available) Principal-(1) Others-(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) d. Surgical and Diagnostic Procedures ICD-9-CM codes (Mark "None" if there were no procedures (if available) for this stay.) None Principal-(1) Others-(2) (3) (4) (5) 5) a. Admission date (Month, day, year) b. Discharge date (Month, day, year) c. Diagnoses ICD-9-CM codes (if available) Principal-(1) Others-(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) d. Surgical and Diagnostic Procedures ICD-9-CM codes (Mark "None" if there were no procedures (if available) for this stay.) None Principal-(1) Others-(2) (3) (4) (5) C. Which of these categories best describes the facility or a unit of the facility in which the decedent was a patient? 1 General medical/surgical hospital 2 Alcohol or drug treatment hospital 3 Psychiatric facility 4 Other speciality, long stay hospital 5 Skilled Nursing Facility (SNF), certified under either Medicare or Medicaid 6 Intermediate Care Facility (ICF), certified under Medicaid 7 Other type of nursing or personal care home 8 Hospice 9 Other type of facility - Specify __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ D. According to your records or your personal knowledge, was the decedent a patient since January 1, 1985 in any other hospital, nursing home, or institution providing medical care ? 1 Yes-Go to item E 2 No-Skip to item F E. What were the names and addresses of all other hospitals or institutions in which the decedent was a patient since January 1, 1985 ? (1) Name of hospital or institution Address (Number and street) City or post office State ZIP code (2) Name of hospital or institution Address (Number and street) City or post office State ZIP code (3) Name of hospital or institution Address (Number and street) City or post office State ZIP code Please record additional hospital/institution stays in the "Remarks" section below. F. In case we need to ask a question about this form, please enter the name and telephone number of the person to contact for additional information. Name Telephone number Area code Number Remarks Please return this form in the envelope provided to: Bureau of the Census 1201 East Tenth Street Jeffersonville, Indiana 47132 Appendix B - Index of Industries and Occupations Occupational Classification System Equivalent numeric codes follow the alphabetic code. Either code may be used, depending on the processing method. Numbers in parentheses follow- ing the occupation categories are the 1977 Standard Occupational Classi- fication code equivalents. The abbrevation "pt" means "part" and "n.e.c." means "not elsewhere classified." Occu- pation Occupation category code MANAGERIAL AND PROFESSIONAL SPECIALTY OCCUPATIONS Executive, Administrative, and Managerial Occupations 003 Legislators (112) 004 Chief executives and general administrators, public administration (111) 005 Administrators and officals, public administration (pt 113 and 119, except 1136) 006 Administrators, protective services (pt 113) 007 Financial managers (122) 008 Personnel and labor relations managers (123) 009 Purchasing managers (124) 013 Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations (125) 014 Administrators, education and related fields (128) 015 Managers, medicine and health (131) 016 Managers, properties and real estate (1353) 017 Postmasters and mail superintendents (1344) 018 Funeral directors (pt 1359) 019 Managers and administrators, n.e.c.(1136,121,126,127,132-139, except 1344, 1353, pt 1359) Management related occupations 023 Accountants and auditors (1412) 024 Underwriters (pt 1419) 025 Other financial officers (pt 1419) 026 Management analysts (142) 027 Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists (143) 028 Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products (pt 144) 029 Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm products (432) 033 Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. (pt 144) 034 Business and promotion agents (145) 035 Construction inspectors (1171,618) 036 Inspectors and compliance officers, exc. construction (1172, 147) 037 Management related occupations, n.e.c.(149) Professional Specialty Occupations 043 Architects (15) Engineers, surveyors and mapping scientists 044 Aerospace engineers (1622) 045 Metallurgical and materials engineers (1623) 046 Mining engineers (1624) 047 Petroleum engineers (1625) 048 Chemical engineers (1626) 049 Nuclear engineers (1627) 053 Civil engineers (1628) 054 Agricultural engineers (1632) 055 Electrical and electronic engineers (1633,1636) 056 Industrial engineers (1634) 057 Mechanical engineers (1635) 058 Marine engineers and naval architects (1637) 059 Engineers, n.e.c. (1639) 063 Surveyors and mapping scientists (1642) Mathematical and computer scientists 064 Computer systems analysts and scientists (171) 065 Operations and systems researchers and analysts (172) 066 Actuaries (1732) 067 Statisticians (1733) 068 Mathematical scientists, n.e.c. (1739) Natural scientists 069 Physicists and astronomers (1842,1843) 073 Chemists, except biochemists (1845) 074 Atmospheric and space scientists (1846) 075 Geologists and geodesists (1847) 076 Physical scientists, n.e.c. (1849) 077 Agricultural and food scientists (1853) 078 Biological and life scientists (1854,1859) 079 Forestry and conservation scientists (1852) 083 Medical scientists (1855) Health diagnosing occupations 084 Physicians (261) 085 Dentists (262) 086 Veterinarians (27) 087 Optometrists (281) 088 Podiatrists (283) 089 Health diagnosing practitioners, n.e.c.,(289) Health assessment and treating occupations 095 Registered nurses (29) 096 Pharmacists (301) 097 Dietitians (302) Therapists 098 Inhalation therapists (pt 303) 099 Occupational therapists (pt 303) 103 Physical therapists (pt 303) 104 Speech therapists (py 303) 105 Therapists, n.e.c.(pt 303) 106 Physicans' assistants (304) Teachers, postsecondary 113 Earth, environmental, and marine science teachers (2212) 114 Biological science teachers (2213) 115 Chemistry teachers (2214) 116 Physics teachers (2215) 117 Natural science teachers, n.e.c. (2216) 118 Psychology teachers (2217) 119 Economics teachers (2218) 123 History teachers (2222) 124 Political science teachers (2223) 125 Sociology teachers (2224) 126 Social science teachers, n.e.c. (2225) 127 Engineering teachers (2226) 128 Mathematical science teachers (2227) 129 Computer science teachers (2228) 133 Medical science teachers (pt 2232) 134 Health specialties teachers (pt 2232) 135 Business, commerce, and marketing teachers (2233) 136 Agriculture and forestry teachers (2234) 137 Art, drama, and music teachers (2235) 138 Physical education teachers (2236) 139 Education teachers (2237) 143 English teachers (2238) 144 Foreign language teachers (2242) 145 Law teachers (2243) 146 Social work teachers (2244) 147 Theology teachers (2245) 148 Trade and industrial teachers (2246) 149 Home economics teachers (pt 2249) 153 Teachers, postsecondary, n.e.c. (pt 2249) 154 Postsecondary teachers, subject not specified Teachers, except postsecondary 155 Teachers, prekindergarten and kindergarten (231) N(156) Teachers, elementary school (232) P(157) Teachers, secondary school (233) 158 Teachers, special education (235) 159 Teachers, n.e.c. (234,239) 163 Counselors, educational and vocational (24) Librarians, archivists, and curators 164 Librarians (251) 165 Archivists and curators (252) Social scientists and urban planners 166 Economists (1912) 167 Psychologists (1915) 168 Sociologists (1916) 169 Social scientists, n.e.c.(1913,1914,1919) 173 Urban planners (192) Social, recreation, and religious workers 174 Social workers (2032) 175 Recreation workers (2033) 176 Clergy (2042) 177 Religious workers, n.e.c.(2049) Lawyers and judges 178 Lawyers (211) 179 Judges (212) Writers, artists, entertainers, and athletes 183 Authors (pt 321) 184 Technical writers (pt 321) 185 Designers (322) 186 Musicians and composers (323) 187 Actors and directors (324) 188 Painters, sculptors, craft-artists, and artist printmakers (325, pt 7263) 189 Photographers (326) 193 Dancers 194 Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c.,(328,329) 195 Editors and reporters (331) 197 Public relations specialists (332) 198 Announcers (333) 199 Athelets (34) TECHNICAL, SALES, AND ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS Technicians and Related Support Occupations Health technologists and technicians 203 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians (362) 204 Dental hygienists (363) 205 Health record technologists and technicians (364) 206 Radiologic techinicians (365) 207 Liscensed practical nurses (366) 208 Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. (369) Technologists and technicians, except health Engineering and related technologists and technicians 213 Electrical and electronic technicians (3711) 214 Industrial engineering technicians (3712) 215 Mechanical engineering technicians (3713) 216 Engineering technicians, n.e.c. (3719) 217 Drafting occupations (3721) 218 Surveying and mapping technicians (3722) Science technicians 223 Biological technicians (382) 224 Chemical technicians (3831) 225 Science technicians, n.e.c.(3832,3833,384,389) 226 Airplane pilots and navigators (645) 227 Air traffic controllers (391) 228 Broadcast equipment operators (392) 229 Computer programmers (3931,3932) 233 Tool programmers, numerical control (3934) 234 Legal assistants (396) 235 Technicians, n.e.c.(399) Sales Occupations 243 Supervisors and proprietors, sales occupations (40, pt 4518) Sales occupations, business goods and services 253 Insurance sales occupations (4222) 254 Real estate sales occupations (4223) 255 Securities and financial services sales occupations (4224) 256 Advertising and related sales occupations (4253) 257 Sales occupations, other business services (4252) 258 Sales engineers (pt 16) 259 Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale (412,413) Sales occupations, personal goods and services 263 Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats (4142,4144) 264 Sales workers, apparel (pt 4146) 265 Sales workers, shoes (pt 4146) 266 Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings (4148) 267 Sales workers; radio, television, hi-fi, and appliances (4143, 4152) 268 Sales workers, hardware and building supplies (4153) 269 Sales workers, parts (4167) 274 Sales workers, other commodities (4145,4147,4154,4156, 4159,pt 4162,4169,4259,4665) 275 Sales counter clerks (pt 4162) Q(276) Cashiers (4683) 277 Street and door-to-door sales workers (4163) 278 News vendors (4165) Sales related occupations 283 Demonstrators, promoters and models, sales (435) 284 Auctioneers (pt 439) 285 Sales support occupations, n.e.c.(434,436,pt 439) Administrative Support Occupations, Including Clerical Supervisors, administrative support occupations 303 Supervisors, general office (4511-4514, 4516, pt 4518, 4519, 4529, 4537) 304 Supervisors, computer equipment operators (4535) 305 Supervisors, financial records processing (4521, 4536) 306 Chief communications operators (4515) 307 Supervisors; distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks (4522-4528) Computer equipment operators 308 Computer operators (4852) 309 Peripheral equipment operators (4853) Secretaries, stenographers, and typists R(313) Secretaries (4612) 314 Stenographers (4613) 315 Typists (4622) Information clerks 316 Interviewers (4642) 317 Hotel clerks (4643) 318 Transportation ticket and reservation agents (4644) 319 Receptiontists (4645) 323 Information clerks, n.e.c.(4649) Records processing occupations, except financial 325 Classified-ad clerks (4662) 326 Correspondence clerks (4663) 327 Order clerks (4664) 328 Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping (4692) 329 Library clerks (4694) 335 File clerks (4696) 336 Records clerks (4693, 4699) Financial records processing occupations S(337) Bookkeepers, accounting, and auditing clerks (4712) 338 Payroll and timekeeping clerks (4713) 339 Billing clerks (4715) 343 Cost and rate clerks (4716) 344 Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators (486) Duplicating, mail and other office machine operators 345 Duplicating machine operators (4872) 346 Mail preparing and paper handling machine operators (4873) 347 Office machine operators, n.e.c.(4879) Communications equipment operators 348 Telephone operators (4652) 349 Telegraphers (4623) 353 Communications equipment operators, n.e.c.(4659) Mail and message distributing occupations 354 Postal clerks, exc. mail carriers (4723) 355 Mail carriers, postal service (4733) 356 Mail clerks, exc. postal service (4722) 357 Messengers (4732) Material recording, scheduling, and distributing clerks, n.e.c. 359 Dispatchers (4741) 363 Production coordinators (4742) 364 Traffic, shipping, and receiving clerks (4743) 365 Stock and inventory clerks (4744) 366 Meter readers (4745) 368 Weighers, measurers, and checkers (4746) 369 Samplers (4747) 373 Expediters (4748) 374 Material recording, scheduling, and distributing clerks, n.e.c. (4749) Adjusters and investigators 375 Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators (4782) 376 Investigators and adjusters, except insurance (4783) 377 Eligibility clerks, social welfare (4784) 378 Bill and account collectors (4786) Miscellaneous administrative support occupations 379 General office clerks (4632) 383 Bank tellers (4682) 384 Proofreaders (4792) 385 Data-entry keyers (4624) 386 Statistical clerks (4717) 387 Teachers' aides (4695) 389 Administrative support occupations, n.e.c. (4787, 4799) SERVICE OCCUPATIONS Private Household Occupations 403 Launderers and ironers (533) 404 Cooks, private household (534) 405 Housekeepers and butlers (535) 406 Child care workers, private household (536) T(407) Private household cleaners and servants (532,537,539) Protective Service Occupations Supervisors, protective service occupations 413 Supervisors, firefighting and fire prevention occupations (5011) 414 Supervisors, police and detectives (5012) 415 Supervisors, guards (5013) Firefighting and fire prevention occupations 416 Fire inspection and fire prevention occupations (5112) 417 Firefighting occupations (5113) Police and detectives 418 Police and detectives, public service (5122) 423 Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers (5124) 424 Correctional institution officers (5133) Guards 425 Crossing guards (5132) 426 Guards and police, exc. public service (5134) 427 Protective service occupation, n.e.c. (5139) Service Occupations, Except Protective and Private Household Food preparation and service occupations 433 Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations (5021) 434 Bartenders (5212) U(435) Waiters and waitresses (5213) 436 Cooks, except short order (5214) 437 Short-order cooks (5215) 438 Food counter, fountain and related occupations (5216) 439 Kitchen workers, food preparation (5217) 443 Waiters'/waitresses' assistants (5218) 444 Miscellaneous food preparation occupations (5219) Health service occupations 445 Dental assistants (5232) 446 Health aides, except nursing (5233) 447 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants (5236) Cleaning and building service occupations, except private household 448 Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers (5024) 449 Maids and housemen (5242, 5249) V(453) Janitors and cleaners (5244) 454 Elevator operators (5245) 455 Pest control occupations (5246) Personal service occupations 456 Supervisors, personal service occupations (5025) 457 Barbers (5251) 458 Hairdressers and cosmetologists (5252) 459 Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities (5253) 463 Guides (5254) 464 Ushers (5255) 465 Public transportation attendants (5256) 466 Baggage porters and bellhops (5258) 467 Welfare service aides (5262) 468 Child care workers, except private household (5263) 469 Personal service occupations, n.e.c.(5257, 5269) FARMING, FORESTRY, AND FISHING OCCUPATIONS Farm operators and managers W(473) Farmers, except horticultural (5512-5514) 474 Horticultural specialty farmers (5515) 475 Managers, farms, except horticultural (5522-5524) 476 Managers, horticultural specialty farms (5525) Other agricultural and related occupations Farm occupations, except managerial 477 Supervisors, farm workers (5611) 479 Farm workers (5612-5617) 483 Marine life cultivation workers (5618) 484 Nursery workers (5619) Related agricultural occupations 485 Supervisors, related agricultural occupations (5621) 486 Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm (5622) 487 Animal caretakers, except farm (5624) 488 Graders and sorters, agricultural products (5625) 489 Inspectors, agricultural products (5627) Forestry and logging occupations 494 Supervisors, forestry and logging workers (571) 495 Forestry workers, except logging (572) 496 Timber cutting and logging occupations (573,579) Fishers, hunters, and trappers 497 Captains and other officers, fishing vessels (582) 498 Fishers (583) 499 Hunters and trappers (584) PRECISION PRODUCTION, CRAFT, AND REPAIR OCCUPATIONS Mechanics and repairers 503 Supervisors, mechanics and repairers (66) Mechanics and repairers, except supervisors Vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics and repairers X(505) Automobile mechanics (6711) 506 Automobile mechanic apprentices (pt 6711) 507 Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics (6712) 508 Aircraft engine mechanics (6713) 509 Small engine repairers (6714) 514 Automobile body and related repairers (6715) 515 Aircraft mechanics, exc. engine (6716) 516 Heavy equipment mechanics (6717) 517 Farm equipment mechanics (6718) 518 Industrial machinery repairers (673) 519 Machinery maintenance occupations (674) Electrical and electronic equipment repairers 523 Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment (6751, 6753, 6755) 525 Data processing equipment repairers (6754) 526 Household appliance and power tool repairers (6756) 527 Telephone line installers and repairers (6757) 529 Telephone installers and repairers (6758) 533 Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment repairers (6752, 6759) 534 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics (676) Miscellaneous, mechanics and repairers 535 Camera, watch, and musical instrument repairers (6771, 6772) 536 Locksmiths and safe repairers (6773) 538 Office machine repairers (6774) 539 Mechanical controls and valve repairers (6775) 543 Elevator installers and repairers (6776) 544 Millwrights (6778) 547 Specified mechanics and repairers, n.e.c.(6777, 6779) 549 Not specified mechanics and repairers Construction trades Supervisors, construction occupations 553 Supervisors, brickmasons, stonemasons, and tile setters (6012) 554 Supervisors, carpenters, and related workers (6013) 555 Supervisors, electricians and power transmission installers (6014) 556 Supervisors; painters, paperhangers, and plasterers (6015) 557 Supervisors; plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters (6016) 558 Supervisors, n.e.c. (6011,6018) Construction trades, except supervisors 563 Brickmasons and stonemasons (6112,6113) 564 Brickmason and stonemason apprentices (pt 6112-6113) 565 Tile setters, hard and soft (6114, pt 6162) 566 Carpet installers (pt 6162) Y(567) Carpenters (6122) 569 Carpenter apprentices (pt 6122) 573 Drywall installers (6124) 575 Electricians (6132) 576 Electrician apprentices (pt 6132) 577 Electrical power installers and repairers (6133) 579 Painters, construction and maintenance (6142) 583 Paperhangers (6143) 584 Plasterers (6144) 585 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters (6150) 587 Plumber, pipefitter, and steamfitter apprentices (pt 6150) 588 Concrete and terrazzo finishers (6163) 589 Glaziers (6164) 593 Insulation workers (6165) 594 Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators (6166) 595 Roofers (6168) 596 Sheetmetal duct installers (6172) 597 Structural metal workers (6173) 598 Drillers, earth (6174) Construction trades, except supervisors 599 Construction trades, n.e.c.(6167, 6175, 6176, 6179) Extractive occupations 613 Supervisors, extractive occupations (602) 614 Drillers, oil well (622) 615 Explosives workers (623) 616 Mining machine operators (624) 617 Mining occupations, n.e.c. (626) Precision production occupations 633 Supervisors, production occupations (pt 711, 712) Precision metal working occupations 634 Tool and die makers (7211) 635 Tool and die maker apprentices (pt 7211) 636 Precision assemblers, metal (7212) 637 Machinists (7213) 639 Machinist apprentices (pt 7213) 643 Boilermakers (7214) 644 Precision grinders, fitters, and tool sharpeners (7216) 645 Patternmakers and model makers, metal (7217) 646 Lay-out workers (7221) 647 Precious stones and metals workers (jewelers) (7222,7266) 649 Engravers, metal (7223) 653 Sheet metal workers (7224) 654 Sheet metal worker apprentices (pt 7224) 655 Miscellaneous precision metal workers (7229) Precision woodworking occupations 656 Patternmakers and model makers, wood (7231) 657 Cabinet makers and bench carpenters (7232) 658 Furniture and wood finishers (pt 7234, pt 7756) 659 Miscellaneous precision wood workers (pt 7234, 7239) Precision textile, apparel, and furnishings machine workers 666 Dressmakers (7251, pt 7752) 667 Tailors (7252) 668 Upholsterers (7253) 669 Shoe repairers (7254) 673 Apparel and fabric patternmakers (pt 7259) 674 Miscellaneous precision apparel and fabric workers (pt 7259, pt 7752) Precision workers, assorted materials 675 Hand molders and shapers, except jewelers (7261) 676 Patternmakers, lay-out workers, and cutters (7262) 677 Optical goods workers (7264, pt 7677) 678 Dental laboratory and medical appliance technicians (7265) 679 Bookbinders (pt 7249, pt 7449) 683 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers (7267) 684 Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c. (7269) Precision food production occupations 686 Butchers and meat cutters (7271) 687 Bakers (7272) 688 Food batchmakers (7273, 7279) Precision inspectors, testers, and related workers 689 Inspectors, testers, and graders (7281) 693 Adjusters and calibrators (7282) Plant and system operators 694 Water and sewage treatment plant operators (791) 695 Power plant operators (pt 793) 696 Stationary engineers (pt 793, 7668) 699 Miscellaneous plant and system operators (792, 794, 795, 796) OPERATORS, FABRICATORS, AND LABORERS Machine Operators, Assemblers, and Inspectors Machine operators and tenders, except precision Metalworking and plastic working machine operators 703 Lathe and turning machine set-up operators (7312) 704 Lathe and turning machine operators (7512) 705 Milling and planing machine operators (7313, 7513) 706 Punching and stamping press machine operators (7314, 7317, 7514, 7517) 707 Rolling machine operators (7316, 7516) 708 Drilling and boring machine operators (7318, 7518) 709 Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators (7322, 7324, 7522) 713 Forging machine operators (7319, 7519) 714 Numerical control machine operators (7326) 715 Miscellaneous metal, plastic, stone, and glass working machine operators (7329, 7529) 717 Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. (7339, 7539) Metal and plastic processing machine operators 719 Molding and casting machine operators (7315, 7342, 7515, 7542) 723 Metal plating machine operators (7343, 7543) 724 Heat treating equipment operators (7344, 7544) 725 Miscellaneous metal and plastic processing machine operators (7349, 7549) Woodworking machine operators 726 Wood lathe, routing, and planing machine operators (7431, 7432, 7631, 7632) 727 Sawing machine operators (7433, 7633) 728 Shaping and joining machine operators (7435, 7635) 729 Nailing and tacking machine operators (7636) 733 Miscellaneous woodworking machine operators (7434, 7439, 7634, 7639) Printing machine operators 734 Printing machine operators (7443, 7643) 735 Photoengravers and lithographers (7242, 7444, 7644) 736 Typesetters and compositors (7241, 7442, 7642) 737 Miscellaneous printing machine operators (pt 7249, pt 7449, 7649) Textile, apparel, and furnishings machine operators 738 Winding and twisting machine operators (7451, 7651) 739 Knitting, looping, taping, and weaving machine operators (7452, 7652) 743 Textile cutting machine operators (7654) 744 Textile sewing machine operators (7655, pt 7656) 745 Shoe machine operators (pt 7656, pt 7659) 747 Pressing machine operators (7657) 748 Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators (7255, 7658) 749 Miscellaneous textile machine operators (7453, 7653, pt 7659) Machine operators, assorted materials 753 Cementing and gluing machine operators (7661) 754 Packaging and filling machine operators (7462, 7662) 755 Extruding and forming machine operators (7463, 7663) 756 Mixing and blending machine operators (7664) 757 Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine operators (7476, 7666, 7676) 758 Compressing and compacting machine operators (7467, 7667) 759 Painting and paint spraying machine operators (7669) 763 Roasting and baking machine operators, food (7472, 7672) 764 Washing, cleaning, and pickling machine operators (7673) 765 Folding machine operators (7474, 7674) 766 Furnance, kiln, and oven operators, exc. food (7668, 7671, 7675) 768 Crushing and grinding machine operators (7477, pt 7677) 769 Slicing and cutting machine operators (7478, 7678) 773 Motion picture projectionists (pt 7679) 774 Photographic process machine operators (pt 7263, pt 7679) 777 Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. (7479, 7665, pt 7679) 779 Machine operators, not specified Fabricators, assemblers, and hand working occupations 783 Welders and cutters (7332, 7532, 7714) 784 Solderers and brazers (7333, 7533, 7717) 785 Assemblers (772, 774) 786 Hand cutting and trimming occupations (7753) 787 Hand molding, casting, and forming occupations (7754, 7755) 789 Hand painting, coating, and decorating occupations (pt 7756) 793 Hand engraving and printing occupations (7757) 794 Hand grinding and polishing occupations (7758) 795 Miscellaneous hand working occupations (7759) Production inspectors, testers, samplers, and weighers 796 Production inspectors, checkers, and examiners (782, 786, 787) 797 Production testers (783) 798 Production samplers and weighers (784) 799 Graders and sorters, except agricultural (785) Transportation and Material Occupations Motor vehicle operators 803 Supervisors, motor vehicle operators (6311) Z(804) Truck drivers, heavy (6412, 6413) 805 Truck drivers, light (6414) 806 Driver-sales workers (433) 808 Bus drivers (6415) 809 Taxi cab drivers and chauffeurs (6416) 813 Parking lot attendants (6417) 814 Motor transportation occupations, n.e.c. (6419) Transportation occupations, except motor vehicles Rail transportation occupations 823 Railroad conductors and yardmasters (6313) 824 Locomotive operating occupations (6432) 825 Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators (6433) 826 Rail vehicle operators, n.e.c. (6439) Water transportation occupations 828 Ship captains and mates, except fishing boats (6441, 6442) 829 Sailors and deckhands (6443) 833 Marine engineers (6444) 834 Bridge, lock, and lighthouse tenders (6445) Material moving equipment operators 843 Supervisors, material moving equipment operators (632) 844 Operating engineers (6512) 845 Longshore equipment operators (6513) 848 Hoist and winch operators (6514) 849 Crane and tower operators (6515) 853 Excavating and loading machine operators (6516) 855 Grader, dozer, and scraper operators (6517) 856 Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators (6518) 859 Miscellaneous material moving equipment operators (6519, pt 659) Handlers, Equipment Cleaners, Helpers, and Laborers 863 Supervisors; handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, n.e.c. (pt 711) 864 Helpers, mechanics, and repairers (679) Helpers, construction and extractive occupations 865 Helpers, construction trades (6191-6195, 6198) 866 Helpers, surveyor (6196) 867 Helpers, extractive occupations (629) 869 Construction laborers (81) 873 Production helpers (769, 779) Freight, stock, and material movers, hand 875 Garbage collectors (822) 876 Stevedores (823) 877 Stock handlers and baggers (824) 878 Machine feeders and offbearers (825) 883 Freight, stock, and material movers, hand, n.e.c. (649, 826) 885 Garbage and service station related occupations (672) 887 Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners (83) 888 Hand packers and packagers (841) 889 Laborers, except construction (842, 846, pt 659) 999 OCCUPATION NOT REPORTED1 ________ 1Code used when not-reported cases are not allocated. Industrial Classification System Equivalent numeric codes follow the alphabetic codes. Either code may be used, depending on the processing method. Numbers in parenthess following the industry categories are the SIC definitions. The abbreviation "pt" means "part" and "n.e.c." means "not elsewhere classified." Indus- try Industry category code AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, AND FISHERIES A(010) Agricultural production, crops (01) 011 Agricultural production, livestock (02) 020 Agricultural services, except horticultural (07, except 078) 021 Horticultural services (078) 030 Forestry (08) 031 Fishing, hunting, and trapping (09) MINING 040 Metal mining (10) 041 Coal mining (11,12) 042 Crude petroleum and natural gas extraction (13) 050 Nonmetallic mining and quarrying, except fuel (14) B(060) CONSTRUCTION (15,16,17) MANUFACTURING Nondurable Goods Food and kindred products 100 Meat products (201) 101 Dairy products (202) 102 Canned and preserved fruits and vegetables (203) 110 Grain mill products (204) 111 Bakery products (205) 112 Sugar and confectionery products (206) 120 Beverage industries (208) 121 Miscellaneous food preparations and kindred products (207,209) 122 Not specified food industries 130 Tobacco manufactures (21) Textile mill products 132 Knitting mills (225) 140 Dyeing and finishing textiles, except wool and knit goods (226) 141 Floor coverings, except hard surface (227) 142 Yarn, thread, and fabric mills (228,221-224) 150 Miscellaneous textile mill products (229) Apparel and other finished textile products 151 Apparel and accessories, except knit (231-238) 152 Miscellaneous fabricated textile products (239) Paper and allied products 160 Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills (261-263,266) 161 Miscellaneous paper and pulp products (264) 162 Paperboard containers and boxes (265) Printing, publishing, and allied industries C(171) Newspaper publishing and printing (271) 172 Printing, publishing, and allied industries, except newspapers (272-279) Chemicals and allied products 180 Plastics, synthetics, and resins (282) 181 Drugs (283) 182 Soaps and cosmetics (284) 190 Paints, varnishes, and related products (285) 191 Agricultural chemicals (287) 192 Industrial and miscellaneous chemicals (281, 286, 289) Petroleum and coal products 200 Petroleum refining (291) 201 Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products (295, 299) Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products 210 Tires and inner tubes (301) 211 Other rubber products, and plastics footwear and belting (302-304, 306) 212 Miscellaneous plastics products (307) Leather and leather products 220 Leather tanning and finishing (311) 221 Footwear, except rubber and plastic (313,314) 222 Leather products, except footwear (315-317, 319) Durable Goods Lumber and wood products, except furniture 230 Logging (241) 231 Sawmills, planing mills, and millwork (242,243) 232 Wood buildings and mobile homes (245) 241 Miscellaneous wood products (244,249) 242 Furniture and fixtures (25) Stone, clay, glass, and concrete products 250 Glass and glass products (321-323) 251 Cement, concrete, gypsum, and plaster products (324,327) 252 Structural clay products (325) 261 Pottery and related products (326) 262 Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral and stone products (328,329) 270 Blast furnaces, steelworks, rolling and finishing mills (331) 271 Iron and steel foundries (332) 272 Primary aluminum industries (3334, pt 334, 3353-3355, 3361) 280 Other primary metal industries (3331-3333,3339,pt 334,3351, 3356,3357,3362,3369,339) 281 Cutlery, hand tools, and other hardware (342) 282 Fabricated structural metal products (344) 290 Screw machine products (345) 291 Metal forgings and stampings (346) 292 Ordnance (348) 300 Miscellaneous fabricated metal products (341, 343, 347, 349) 301 Not specified metal industries Machinery, except electrical 310 Engines and turbines (351) 311 Farm machinery and equipment (352) 312 Construction and material handling machines (353) 320 Metalworking machinery (354) 321 Office and accounting machines (357, except 3573) 322 Electronic computing equipment (3573) 331 Machinery, except electrical, n.e.c. (355,356,358,359) 332 Not specified machinery Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies 340 Household appliances (363) 341 Radio, TV, and communication equipment (365,366) 342 Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies, n.e.c. (361,362,364,367,369) 350 Not specified electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies Transportation equipment 351 Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment (371) 352 Aircraft and parts (372) 360 Ship and boat building and repairing (373) 361 Railroad locomotives and equipment (374) 362 Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts (376) 370 Cycles and miscellaneous transportation equipment (375,379) Professional and photographic equipment, and watches 371 Scientific and controlling instruments (381,382) 372 Optical and health services supplies (383,384,385) 380 Photographic equipment and supplies (386) 381 Watches, clocks, and clockwork operated devices (387) 382 Not specified professional equipment 390 Toys, amusement, and sporting goods (394) 391 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries (39 exc.394) 392 Not specified manufacturing industries TRANSPORTATION, COMMUNICATIONS, AND OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES Transportation 400 Railroads (40) 401 Bus service and urban transit (41, except 412) 402 Taxicab service (412) 410 Trucking service (421, 423) 411 Warehousing and storage (422) 412 U.S. Postal Service (43) 420 Water transportation (44) 421 Air transportation (45) 422 Pipe lines, except natural gas (46) 432 Services incidental to transportation (47) Communications 440 Radio and television broadcasting (483) 441 Telephone (wire and radio) (481) 442 Telegraph and miscellaneous communication services (482,489) Utilities and sanitary services 460 Electric light and power (491) 461 Gas and steam supply systems (492,496) 462 Electric and gas, and other combinations (493) 470 Water supply and irrigation (494,497) 471 Sanitary services (495) 472 Not specified utilities WHOLESALE TRADE Durable Goods 500 Motor vehicles and equipment (501) 501 Furniture and home furnishings (502) 502 Lumber and construction materials (503) 510 Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods (504) 511 Metals and minerals, except petroleum (505) 512 Electrical goods (506) 521 Hardware, plumbing and heating supplies (507) 522 Not specified electrical and hardware products 530 Machinery, equipment, and supplies (508) 531 Scrap and waste materials (5093) 532 Miscellaneous wholesale, durable goods (5094,5099) Nondurable Goods 540 Paper and paper products (511) 541 Drugs, chemicals, and allied products (512,516) 542 Apparel, fabrics, and notions (513) 550 Groceries and related products (514) 551 Farm-product raw materials (515) 552 Petroleum products (517) 560 Alcoholic beverages (518) 561 Farm supplies (5191) 562 Miscellaneous wholesale, nondurable goods (5194,5198,5199) 571 Not specified wholesale trade RETAIL TRADE 580 Lumber and building material retailing (521,523) 581 Hardware stores (525) 582 Retail nurseries and garden stores (526) 590 Mobile home dealers (527) D(591) Department stores (531) 592 Variety stores (533) 600 Miscellaneous general merchandise stores (539) E(601) Grocery stores (541) 602 Dairy products stores (545) 610 Retail bakeries (546) 611 Food stores, n.e.c. (542,543,544,549) 612 Motor vehicle dealers (551,552) 620 Auto and home supply stores (553) 621 Gasoline service stations (554) 622 Miscellaneous vehicle dealers (555,556,557,559) 630 Apparel and accessory stores, except shoe (56, except 566) 631 Shoe stores (566) 632 Furniture and home furnishings stores (571) 640 Household appliances, TV, and radio stores (572,573) F(641) Eating and drinking places (58) 642 Drug stores (591) 650 Liquor stores (592) 651 Sporting goods, bicycles, and hobby stores (5941,5945,5946) 652 Book and stationery stores (5942,5943) 660 Jewelry stores (5944) 661 Sewing, needlework, and piece goods stores (5949) 662 Mail order houses (5961) 670 Vending machine operators (5962) 671 Direct selling establishments (5963) 672 Fuel and ice dealers (598) 681 Retail florists (5992) 682 Miscellaneous retail stores (593,5947,5948,5993,5994,5999) 691 Not specified retail trade FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE G(700) Banking (60) 701 Savings and loan associations (612) 702 Credit agencies, n.e.c.(61, except 612) 710 Security, commodity brokerage, and investment companies (62,67) H(711) Insurance (63,64) 712 Real estate, including real estate-insurance-law offices (65,66) BUSINESS AND REPAIR SERVICES 721 Advertising (731) 722 Services to dwellings and other buildings (734) 730 Commercial research, development, and testing labs (7391,7397) 731 Personnel supply services (736) 732 Business management and consulting services (7392) 740 Computer and data processing services (737) 741 Detective and protective services (7393) 742 Business services, n.e.c.(732,733,735,7394,7395, 7396,7399) 750 Automotive services, except repair (751,752,754) 751 Automotive repair shops (753) 752 Electrical repair shops (762,7694) 760 Miscellaneous repair services (763,764,7692,7699) PERSONAL SERVICES J(761) Private households (88) 762 Hotels and motels (701) 770 Lodging places, except hotels and motels (702,703,704) 771 Laundry, cleaning, and garment services (721) 772 Beauty shops (723) 780 Barber shops (724) 781 Funeral service and crematories (726) 782 Shoe repair shops (725) 790 Dressmaking shops (pt 729) 791 Miscellaneous personal services (722, pt 729) ENTERTAINMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES 800 Theaters and motion pictures (78,792) 801 Bowling alleys, billiard and pool parlors (793) 802 Miscellaneous entertainment and recreation services (791,794,799) PROFESSIONAL AND RELATED SERVICES 812 Offices of physicians (801,803) 820 Offices of dentists (802) 821 Offices of chiropractors (8041) 822 Offices of optometrists (8042) 830 Offices of health practitioners, n.e.c. (8049) K(831) Hospitals (806) 832 Nursing and personal care facilities (805) 840 Health services, n.e.c. (807,808,809) 841 Legal services (81) L(842) Elementary and secondary schools (821) M(850) Colleges and universities (822) 851 Business, trade, and vocational schools (824) 852 Libraries (823) 860 Educational services, n.e.c. (829) 861 Job training and vocational rehabilitation services (833) 862 Child day care services (835) 870 Residential care facilities, without nursing (836) 871 Social services, n.e.c.(832,839) 872 Museums, art galleries, and zoos (84) 880 Religious organizations (866) 881 Membership organizations (861-865,869) 882 Engineering, architectural, and surveying services (891) 890 Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping services (893) 891 Noncommercial educational and scientific research (892) 892 Miscellaneous professional and related services (899) PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 900 Executive and legislative offices (911-913) 901 General government, n.e.c.(919) 910 Justice, public order, and safety (92) 921 Public finance, taxation, and monetary policy (93) 922 Administration of human resources programs (94) 930 Administration of environmental quality and housing programs (95) 931 Administration of economic programs (96) 932 National security and international affairs (97) 990 INDUSTRY NOT REPORTED1 _________ 1Code used when not-reported cases are not allocated. Appendix C - Multiple Cause-of-Death File Information Documentation of the Multiple Cause-of-Death Public-Use File for 1986 Data Introduction Data on causes of death are released by NCHS in a variety of ways including published reports, special tabulations to answer data requests, and public-use data tapes. Since the inception of the multiple cause-of-death program in 1968, a public-use tape file has been released for each data year. Each file contains a data record for all deaths processed by NCHS. Each data record contains underlying cause, multiple cause, and demographic data for a death. With the exception of calendar years 1972, 1981 and 1982, all deaths occurring annually in the United States are processed. In 1972, underlying and multiple cause data were coded and processed for only 50 percent of the deaths occurring in each State. In 1981 and 1982, multiple cause data were coded on a 50 percent sample basis for deaths occurring in 19 registration areas. The registration areas are the 50 States, New York City and the District of Columbia. The 50 percent sample States are identified in the documentation of the 1981 and 1982 files. For the remaining 33 registration areas, multiple cause data were processed on a 100 percent basis. In 1981 and 1982, underlying cause, demographic, and geographic data were processed for every death occurring in every State; however the multiple cause-of-death public-use tape contains only those records where the multiple cause field is also coded. A public-use tape containing underlying cause, demographic, and geographic data for every death in the United States is available but contains no multiple cause data. This document is intended to provide guidance to the consumer in accessing and utilizing the multiple cause-of-death public-use tape file for 1986. It provides the technical data processing information necessary to access the tapes and the classification structure and coding rules applied to create each variable on the file such that the user can readily assess relevance at varying levels of detail to his/her own particular research. Additionally, it conveys the characteristics of the multiple cause files sufficient to guide the user in analyzing and interpreting multiple cause data. The user is alerted to certain pitfalls of interpretation; and the appropriateness of each type of multiple cause data to given applications is discussed. Tape Format and Variable Definition It is noted that the following material, while used in the processing of mortality data, is not included in this package: A. Manual of the International Statisticial Classification of Diseases, Injuries, and the Cause-of-Death, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) Volumes 1 and 2. B. NCHS Instruction Manual Data Preparation,Part 2a, Vital Statistics Instructions for Classifying the Underlying Cause-of-Death, 1985. C. NCHS Instruction Manual Data Preparation, Part 2b, Vital Statistics Instructions for Classifying Multiple Cause-of-Death, 1985. D. NCHS Instruction Manual Data Preparation, Part 2c, Vital Statistics ICD-9 ACME Decision Tables for Classifying Underlying Causes-of-Death, 1985. E. NCHS Instruction Manual Data Preparation, Part 2d, Vital Statistics NCHS Procedures for Mortality Medical Data System File Preparation and Maintenance, Effective 1979 F. NCHS Instruction Manual Data Tabulation, Part 2f, Vital Statistics ICD-9 TRANSAX Disease Reference Tables for Classifying Multiple Causes-of-Death, 1982-85. G. NCHS Instruction Manual Data Preparation, Part 4, Vital Statistics Demographic Classification and Coding Instructions for Death Records, 1985. H. NCHS Instruction Manual Tabulation, Part 11, Vital Statistics Computer Edits for Mortality Data, Effective 1979. These documents describe in detail the rules employed for demographic and medical classification on death records. Volumes 1 and 2 of the ICD-9 may be purchased from WHO Publication Center USA, 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, New York, 12210. The remaining documents (Items B-H) , while not absolutely essential to the proper interpretation of the data for a number of general applications, should nevertheless be studied carefully prior to any detailed analysis of demographic or medical data variables. In particular, there are a number of exceptions to the ICD rules in multiple cause-of-death coding which, if not treated properly, may result in faulty analysis of the data. Users who do not already have access to these documents may request them from the Chief, Data Preparation Branch, Division of Data Processing, National Center for Health Statistics, P.O.Box 12214, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. In addition, the user should refer to the Technical Appendices of the Vital Statistics of the United States for information on the source of data, coding procedures, quality of the data, etc. Technical Appendix information is enclosed. Multiple Cause Data The original scheme for coding conditions contained on the death certificate was designed with two objectives in mind. First, to facilitate etiological studies of the relationships among conditions, it was necessary to reflect accurately in coded form each condition and its location onthe certification in the exact manner given by thecertifier. Secondly, the codification needed to be carried out in a manner by which the underlying cause-of-death couldbe assigned through computer applications. The approach was to suspend the linkage provisions of the ICD for the purpose of condition coding and code each entity with minimum regard to other conditions present on the certification. This general approach is hereafter called entity coding. Unfortunately, the set of multiple cause codes produced by entity coding is not conducive to a third objective -- the generation of person based multiple cause statistics. Person based analysis requires that each condition be coded within the context of every other condition on the same certificate and modified or linked to such conditions as provided by ICD-9. By definition, the entity data cannot meet this requirement since the linkage provisions distort the character and placement of the information originally recorded by the certifying physician. Since the two objectives are incompatible, DVS has chosen to create from the original set of entity codes a new code set called record axis multiple cause data. Essentially, the axis of classification has been converted from a entity basis to a record (or person) basis. The record axis codes are assigned in terms of the set of codes that best describe the overall medical certification portion of the death certificate. This translation is accomplished by a computer system called TRANSAX (TRANSLATION OF AXIS) through selective use of traditional linkage and modification rules for mortality coding. Underlying cause linkages which simply prefer one code over another for purposes of underlying cause selection are not included. Each entity code on the record is examined and modified or deleted as necessary to create a set of codes which are free of contradictions and are the most precise within the constraints of ICD-9 and medical information on the record. Repetitive codes are deleted. The process may (1) combine two entity axis categories together to a new category thereby eliminating a contradiction or standardizing the data; or (2) eliminate one category in favor of another to promote specificity of the data or resolve contradictions. The following examples from ICD-9 illustrate the effect of this translation: Case 1: When reported on the same record as separate entities, cirrhosis of liver and alcoholism are coded to 5715 (cirrhosis of liver without mention of alcohol) and 303 (alcohol dependence syndrome). Tabulation of records with 5715 would on the surface falsely imply that such records had no mention of alcohol. A preferable codification would be 5712 (alcoholic cirrhosis of liver) in lieu of both 5715 and 303. Case 2: If "gastric ulcer" and "bleeding gastric ulcer" are reported on a record they are coded to 5319 (gastric ulcer, unspecified as acute or chronic, without mention of hemorrhage or perforation) and 5314 (gastric ulcer, chronic or unspecified, with hemorrhage) A more concise codification would be to code 5314 only since the 5314 shows both the gastric ulcer and the bleeding. A. Entity Axis Codes The original conditions coded for selection of the underlying cause-of-death are reformatted and edited prior to creating the public-use tape. The following paragraphs describe the format and application of entity axis data. FORMAT: Each entity-axis code is displayed as an overall seven byte code with subcomponents as follows: l. Line indicator: The first byte represents the line of the certificate on which the code appears. Six lines (1-6) are allowable with the fourth and fifth denoting one or two written in "due to"s beyond the three lines provided in Part I of the U.S. standard death certificate. Line "6" represents Part II of the certificate. 2. Position indicator: The next byte indicates the position of the code on the line, i.e., it is the first (1), second (2), third (3),... eighth (8) code on the line. 3. Cause category: The next four bytes represent the ICD-9 cause code. 4. Nature of injury flag: ICD-9 uses the same series of numbers (800-999) to indicate nature of injury (N codes) and external cause codes (E codes). This flag distinguishes between the two with a one (1) representing nature of injury codes and a zero (0) representing all other cause codes. A maximum of 20 of these seven byte codes are captured on a record for multiple cause purposes. This may consist of a maximum of 8 codes on any given line with up to 20 codes distributed across three or more lines depending on where the subject conditions are located on the certificate. Codes may be omitted from one or more lines, e.g., line 1 with one or more codes, line 2 with no codes, line 3 with one or more codes. In writing out these codes, they are ordered as follows: line 1 first code, line 1 second code, etc. ----- line 2 first code, line 2 second code, etc. ----- line 3 ----- line 4 ----- line 5 ----- line 6. Any space remaining in the field is left blank. The specifics of locations are contained in the record layout given later in this document. EDIT: The original conditions are edited to remove invalid codes, reverify the coding of certain rare causes of death, and assure age/cause and sex/cause compatibility. Detailed information relating to the edit criteria and the sets of cause codes which are valid to underlying cause coding and multiple cause coding are provided in Part 11 of the NCHS Vital Statis- tics Instruction Manual Series. Table 2, Number of Resident Deaths Tabulated by Mention of an Underlying Cause, Record Axis Multiple Cause, or Entity Axis Multiple Cause-of-Death by ICD-9 Category, provides a summary list of valid under- lying cause and multiple cause codes. ENTITY AXIS APPLICATIONS: The entity axis multiple cause data set is appropriate to analyses which require that each condi- tion be coded as a stand alone entity without linkage to other conditions and/or require information on the placement of such conditions in the certificate. Within this framework, the entity data are appropriate to the examination of etiological relationships among conditions, accuracy of certification reporting, and the validity of traditional assumptions in underlying cause selection. Additionally, the entity data provide in certain categories a more detailed code assignment which is linked out in thecreation of record axis data. Where such detail is needed for a study, the user should selectively employ entity data. Finally,the researcher may not wish to be bound by the assumptions used in the axis translation process preferring rather to investigate hypotheses of his own predilection. By definition, the main limitation of entity axis data is that an entity code does not necessarily reflect the best code for a condition when considered within the context of the medical certification as a whole. As a result certain entity codes can be misleading or even contradict other codes in the record. For example, category 5750 is titled "Acute cholecystitis without mention of calculus". Within the framework of entity codes this is interpreted to mean that the codable entity itself contained no mention of calculus rather than that calculus was not mentioned anywhere on the record. Tabulation of records with a "5750" as a count of persons having acute cholecystitis without mention of calculus would therefore be erroneous. This illust- rates the fact that under entity coding the ICD-9 titles cannot be taken literally. The user must study the rules for entity coding as they relate to his/her research prior to utilization of entity data. The user is further cautioned that the inclusion notes in ICD-9 which relate to modifying and combining categories are seldom applicable to entity coding (except where provided in Part 2b of the Vital Statistics Instruction Manual Series). In tabulating the entity axis data, one may count codes with the resultant tabulation of an individual code representing the number of times the disease(s) represented by the code appears in the file. In this kind of tabulation of morbid condition prevalence, the counts among categories may be added together to produce counts for groups of codes. Alternatively, subject to the limitations given above, one may count persons having mention of the disease represented by a code or codes. In this instance it is not correct to add counts for individual codes to create person counts for groups of codes. Since more than one code in the researcher's interest may appear together on the certificate, totaling must account for higher order inter- actions among codes. Up to 20 codes may be assigned on a record; therefore, a 20-way interaction is theoretically poss- ible. All totaling must be based on mention of one or more of the categories under investigation. B. Record Axis Codes The following paragraphs describe the format and application of record-axis data. Part 2f of the Vital Statistics Instruction Manual Series describes the TRANSAX process for creating record axis data from entity axis data. FORMAT: Each record (or person) axis code is displayed in five bytes. Location information is not relevant. The Code consists of the following components: 1. Cause category: The first four bytes represent the ICD-9 cause code. 2. Nature of injury flag: The last byte contains a 0 or 1 with the 1 indicating that the cause is a nature of injury category. Again, a maximum of 20 codes are captured on a record for multiple cause purposes. The codes are written in a 100-byte field in ascending code number (5 bytes) order with any unused bytes left blank. EDIT: The record axis codes are edited for rare causes and age/cause and sex/cause compatibility. Likewise, individual code validity is checked. The valid code set for record axis coding is the same as that for entity coding. RECORD AXIS APPLICATIONS: The record axis multiple cause data set is the basis for NCHS core multiple cause tabulations. Location of codes is not relevant to this data set and condi- tions have been linked into the most meaningful categories for the certification. The most immediate consequence for theuser is that the codes on the record already represent mention of a disease assignable to that particular ICD-9 category. This is in contrast to the entity code which is assigned each time such a disease is reported on two different lines of the certification. Secondly, the linkage implies that within the constraints of ICD-9 the most meaningful code has been assign- ed. The translation process creates for the user a data set which is edited for contradictions, duplicate codes, and imprecisions. In contrast to entily axis data, record axis data are classfied in a manner comparable to underlying cause of death classification thereby facilitating joint analysis of these variables. Likewise, they are comparable to general morbi dity coding where the linkage provisions of ICD-9 are usually utilized. A potential disadvantage of record axis data is that some detail is sacrificed in a number of the linkages. The user can take the record axis codes as literally representing the information conveyed in ICD-9 category titles. While knowledge of the rules for combining and linking and coding conditions is useful, it is not a prerequisite to meaningful analysis of the data as long as one is willing to accept the assumptions of the axis translation process. The user is cautioned, however, that due to special rules in mortality coding, not all linkage notes in ICD-9 are utilized. (See Part 2f of the Vital Statistics Instruction Manual Series.) The user should proceed with caution in using record axis data to count conditions as opposed to people with conditions since linkages have been invoked and duplicate codes have been eliminated. As with entity data, person based tabulations which combine individual cause categories must take into account the possible interaction of up to 20 codes on a single certificate. Appendix D - Cause of Death Recodes 282 Causes of Death Adapted for Use by DVS Ninth Revision 282 Causes of Death Adapted for use by DVS ST: 1=Subtotal Limited: Sex: 1=Males; 2=Females Length=of Cause Title Age: 1=5 & Over; 2=10-54; 3=28 Days & Over ***** Cause Subtotals are not Identified in this File ***** 282 S Limited Len- Recode T Sex Age gth Cause Title And ICD-9 Codes Included 00100 1 057 I. Infectious and parasitic diseases (001-139) 00200 1 040 Intestinal infectious diseases (001-009) 00300 054 Cholera and typhoid and paratyphoid fevers (001-002) 00400 019 Shigellosis (004) 00500 076 Other salmonella infections and other food poisoning (bacterial) (003,005) 00600 017 Amebiasis (006) 00700 066 Intestinal infections due to other specified organisms (007-008) 00800 041 Ill-defined intestinal infections (009) 00900 1 022 Tuberculosis (010-018) 01000 046 Tuberculosis of respiratory system(010-012) 01100 030 Other tuberculosis (013-018) 01200 1 047 Zoonotic and other bacterial diseases(020-041) 01300 019 Brucellosis (023) 01400 018 Oipntheria (032) 01500 022 Whooping cough (033) 01600 065 Streptococcal sore throat, scarlatina, and erysipelas (034-035) 01700 031 Meningococcal infection (036) 01800 015 Tetanus (037) 01900 3 018 Septicemia (038) 02000 056 All other bacterial diseases (020-022,024-031,039-041) 02100 1 024 Viral diseases (045-079) 02200 027 Acute poliomyelitis (045) 02300 016 Smallpox (050) 02400 015 Measles (055) 02500 015 Rubella (056) 02600 040 Arthropod-borne encephalitis (062-064) 02700 023 Viral hepatitis (070) 02800 064 Other viral diseases (046-049,051-054,057-061,065-066071-079) 02900 1 058 Rickettsioses and other arthropod-borne diseases (080-088) 03000 042 Typhus and other rickettsioses (080-083) 03100 015 Malaria (084) 03200 046 All other arthropod-borne diseases (085-088) 03300 1 046 Syphilis and other venereal diseases (090-099) 03400 1 020 Syphilis (090-097) 03500 033 Cardiovascular syphilis (093) 03600 023 Neurosyphills (094) 03700 040 Ali other syphills (090-091,095-097) 03800 029 Gonococcal infections (098) 03900 031 Other venereal diseases (099) 04000 1 103 Other infectious and parasitic diseases and late effects of infectiousand pandarasitic diseases (100-139) 04100 019 Mycoses (110-118) 04200 025 Helmlnthiases (120-129) 04300 036 Late effects of tuberculosis (137) 04400 043 Late effects of acute poliomyelitis (138) 04500 127 All other infectious and parasiticdiseases and late effects of otherinfectious and parasiticdiseases (100-104,130-136,139) 04600 1 033 II.Neoplasms (140-239) 04700 1 089 Malignant neoplasms, including neoplasmsof lymphatic and hematopoietic tissues(140-208) 04800 1 064 Malignant neoplasms of lip, oral cavity, and pharynx (140-149) 04900 016 Of lip (140) 05000 019 Of tongue (141) 05100 026 Of pharynx (146-149.0) 05200 097 Of other and ill-defined sites withinthe lip, oral cavity, and pharynx (142-145,149.1-149.9) ST: 1=Subtotal Limited: Sex: 1=Males; 2=Females Length= of Cause Title Age: 1=5 & Over; 2=10-54; 3=28 Days & Over ***** Cause Subtotals are not Identified in this File ***** 282 S Limited Len- Recode T Sex Age gth Cause Title And ICD-9 Codes Included 05300 1 066 Malignant neoplasms of digestive organs and peritoneum (150-159) 05400 022 Of esophagus (150) 05500 020 Of stomach (151) 05600 048 Of small intestine, including duodenum(152) 05700 1 018 Of colon (153) 05800 075 Hepatic and splenic flexures and transverse colon (153.0-153.1,153.7) 05900 030 Descending colon (153.2) 06000 027 Sigmoid colon (153.3) 06100 056 Cecum, appendix, and ascending colon (153.4-153.6) 06200 048 Other and colon, unspecified(153.8-153.9) 06300 052 Of rectum, rectosigmoid junction, and anus (154) 06400 1 046 Of liver and intrahepatic bile ducts (155) 06500 028 Liver, primary (155.0) 06600 037 Intrahepatic bile ducts (155.1) 06700 058 Liver, not specified as primary or secondary (155.2) 06800 052 Of gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts (156) 06900 021 Of pancreas (157) 07000 120 Of retroperitoneum, peritoneum, and other and ill-defined sites within the digestive organs and peritoneum (158-159) 07100 1 071 Malignant neoplasms of respiratory and intrathoracic organs (160-165) 07200 019 Of larynx (161) 07300 040 Of trachea, bronchus, and lung (162) 07400 107 Of all other and ill-defined sites within the respiratory system andintrathoracic organs (160,163-165) 07500 1 076 Malignant neoplasms of bone, connective tissue, skin, and breast (170-175) 07600 041 Of bone and articular cartilage (170) 07700 045 Of connective and other soft tissue (171) 07800 026 Melanoma of skin (172) 07900 043 Other malignant neoplasms of skin (173) 08000 2 026 Of female breast (174) 08100 1 024 Of male breast (175) 08200 1 049 Malignant neoplasms of genital organs (179-187) 08300 2 025 Of cervix uteri (180) 08400 2 042 Of other parts of uterus (179,181-182) 08500 2 043 Of ovary and other uterlne adnexa (183) 08600 2 056 Of other and unspecified female genltal organs (184) 08700 1 021 Of prostate (185) 08800 1 019 Of testis (186) 08900 1 048 Of pens and other male genital organs(187) 09000 1 049 Malignant neoplasms of urinary organs (188-189) 09100 020 Of bladder (188) 09200 060 Of kidney and other and unspecified urinary organs (189) 09300 1 062 Malignant neoplasms of other and unspecified sites (190-199) 09400 016 Of eye (190) 09500 018 Of brain (191) 09600 058 Of other and unspecified parts of nervous system (192) 09700 080 Of thyroid gland and other endocrineglands and related structures (193-194) 09800 048 Of all other and unspecified sites (195-199) 09900 1 070 Malignant neoplasms of lymphatic and hematopoietic tissues (200-208) 10000 043 Lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma (200) 10100 027 Hodgkin's disease (201) 10200 070 Other malignant neoplasms of lymphold and histiocytic tissue (202) ST: 1=Subtotal Limited: Sex: 1= Males; 2=Females Length=of Cause Title Age: 1=5 & Over; 2=10-54; 3=28 Days & Over ***** Cause Subtotals are not Identified in this File ***** 282 S Limited Len- Recode T Sex Age gth Cause Title And ICD-9 Codes Included 10300 060 Multiple myeloma and immunoproliferative neoplasms (203) 10400 1 022 Leukemia (204-208) 10500 029 Lymphoid leukemia (204) 10600 028 Myeloid leukemia (205) 10700 030 Monocytic leukemia (206) 10800 046 Other and unspecified leukemia (207-208) 10900 1 108 Benign neoplasms, carcinoma in situ, and neoplasms of uncertain behavior and of unspecified nature (210-239) 11000 1 028 Benign neoplasms (210-229) 11100 2 038 Of female genital organs (218-221) 11200 062 Of eye, brain, and other parts of nervous system (224-225) 11300 064 Of all other and unspecified sites (210-217,222-223,226-229) 11400 1 029 Carcinoma in situ (230-234) 11500 044 Of breast and genitourinary system (233) 11600 052 Of all other and unspecified sites (230-232.234) 11700 043 Neoplasms of uncertain behavior (235-238) 11800 039 Neoplasms of unspecified nature (239) 11900 1 094 III. Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases and immunity disorders (240-279) 11902 1 073 Endocrine and metabolic diseases and immunity disorders (240-259,270-279) 12100 038 Disorders of thyroid gland (240-246) 12200 025 Diabetes mellitus (250) 12300 069 Disorders of the pituitary gland and its hypothalamic control (253) 12400 032 Diseases of thymus gland (254) 12500 035 Disorders of adrenal glands (255) 12600 025 Cystic fibrosis (277.0) 12700 017 Obesity (278.0) 12800 115 All other endocrine and metabolic diseases and immunity disorders (251-252,256-259,270-276, 277.1-277.9,278.1-279) 12900 1 034 Nutritional deficiencies (260-269) 13000 028 Nutritional marasmus (261) 13100 046 Other protein-calorie malnutrition (262-263) 13200 050 All other nutritional deficiencies (260,264-269) 13300 1 067 IV. Diseases of blood and blood-forming organs (280-289) 13400 1 017 Anemias (280-285) 13500 030 Deficiency anemias (280-281) 13600 029 Hemolytic anemias (282-283) 13700 023 Aplastic anemia (284) 13800 037 Other and unspecified anemias (285) 13900 046 Purpura and other hemorrhagic conditions (287) 14000 066 All other diseases of blood and blood-forming organs (286,288-289) 14100 1 040 V. Mental disorders (290-319) 14200 055 Senile and presenile organic psychotic conditions (290) 14300 025 Alcoholic psychoses (291) 14400 029 All other psychoses (292-299) 14500 033 Alcohol dependence syndrome (303) 14600 021 Drug dependence (304) 14700 080 Other neurotic, personality. and nonpsychotic mental disorders (300-302,305-316) 14800 028 Mental retardation (317-319) ST: 1=Subtotal Limited: Sex: 1=Males; 2=Females Length=of Cause Title Age: 1=5 & Over; 2=10-54; 3=28 Days & Over ***** Cause Subtotals are not Identified in this File ***** 282 S Limited Len- Recode T Sex Age 9th Cause Title And ICD-9 Codes Included 14900 1 072 VI. Diseases of the nervous system and sense organs (320-389) 15000 1 040 Diseases of the nervous system (320-359) 15100 022 Meningitis (320-322) 15200 027 Parkinson's disease (332) 15300 092 Other hereditary and degenerative diseases of the central nervous system (330-331,333-337) 15400 026 Multiple sclerosis (340) 15500 032 Infantile cerebral palsy (343) 15600 016 Epilepsy (345) 15700 068 Other diseases of the nervous system (323-326.341-342,344,346-359) 15800 041 Disorders of the eye and adnexa (360-379) 15900 049 Diseases of the ear and mastoid process (380-389) 16000 1 060 VII. Diseases of the circulatory system (390-459) 16100 1 053 Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease (390-398) 16200 033 Acute rheumatic fever (390-392) 16300 1 043 Chronic rheumatic heart disease (393-398) 16400 034 Diseases of mitral valve (394) 16500 034 Diseases of aortic valve (395) 16600 046 Diseases of mitral and aortic valves (396) 16700 059 All other chronic rheumatic heart disease (393.397-398) 16800 1 030 Hypertensive disease (401-404) 16900 030 Essential hypertension (401) 17000 034 Hypertensive heart disease (402) 17100 034 Hypertensive renal disease (403) 17200 044 Hypertensive heart and renal disease (404) 17300 1 032 Ischemic heart disease (410-414) 17400 035 Acute myocardial infarction (410) 17500 064 Other acute and subacute forms of ischemic heart disease (411) 17600 023 Angina pectoris (413) 17700 087 Old myocardial infarction and other forms 17800 043 Diseases of pulmonary circulation (415-417) 17900 1 038 Other forms of heart disease (420-429) 18000 039 Acute and subacute endocarditis (421) 18100 088 Acute pericarditis, acute myocarditis, and other diseases of pericardium (420,422-423) 18200 1 037 Other diseases of endocardium (424) 18300 034 Mitral valve disorders (424.0) 18400 034 Aortic valve disorders (424.1) 18500 051 All other diseases of endocardium (424.2-424.9) 18600 021 Heart failure (428) 18700 068 Myocarditis, unspecified and myocardial degeneration 429.0-429.1) 18800 072 All other and ill-defined forms of heart disease (425-427.429.2-429.9) 18900 1 034 Cerebrovascular diseases (430-438) 19000 031 Subarachnoid hemorrhage (430) 19100 059 Intracerebral and other intracranial hemorrhage (431-432) 19200 054 Occlusion and stenosis of precerebral arteries (433) 19300 082 Cerebral thrombosis and unspecified occlusion of cerebral arteries (434.0,434.9) 19400 027 Cerebral embolism (434.1) 19500 053 Acute but ill-defined cerebrovascular disease (436) 19600 066 Other and late effects of Cerebrovascular diseases (435,437-438) 19700 1 059 Diseases of arteries, arterioles, and capillaries (440-448) 19800 023 Atherosclerosis (440) 19900 023 Aortic aneurysm (441) 20000 071 All other diseases of arteries, arterioles, and capillaries (442-448) 20100 1 084 Diseases of veins and lymphatics, and other diseases of circulatory system (451-459) 20200 075 Phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, and venous embolism and thrombosis (451-453) 20300 095 Other diseases of veins and lymphatics and all other diseases of circulatory system (454-459) ST: 1=Subtotal Limited: Sex: 1=Males; 2=Females Length=of Cause Title Age: 1=5 & Over; 2=10-54; 3=28 Days & Over ***** Cause Subtotals are not Identified in this File ***** 282 S Limited Len- Recode T Sex Age gth Cause Title And ICD-9 Codes Included 20400 1 061 VIII. Diseases of the respiratory system (460-519) 20500 1 057 Diseases of the upper respiratory tract (460-465,470-478) 20600 046 Acute upper respiratory infections (460-465) 20700 053 Other diseases of upper respiratory tract (470-478) 20800 1 054 Other diseases of the respiratory system (466,480-519) 20900 042 Acute bronchitis and bronchiolitis (466) 21000 1 021 Pneumonia (480-486) 21100 025 Viral pneumonia (480) 21200 056 Pneumococcal and other bacterial pneumonia (481-482) 21300 048 Bronchopneumonia, organism unspecified (485) 21400 061 Pneumonia due to other and unspecified organism (483,486) 21500 017 Influenza (487) 21600 1 072 Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and allied conditions (490-496) 21700 1 071 Bronchitis, chronic and unspecified, emphysema and asthma (490-493) 21800 057 Bronchitis, not specified as acute orchronic (490) 21900 030 Chronic bronchitis (491) 22000 021 Emphysema (492) 22100 018 Asthma (493) 22200 062 Bronchiectasis and extrinsic allergic alveolitis (494-495) 22300 063 Chronic airways obstruction, not elsewhere classified (496) 22400 073 Pneumoconioses and other lung diseases due to external agents (500-508) 22500 055 Empyema and abscess of lung and mediastinum (510,513) 22600 016 Pleurisy (511) 22700 056 All other diseases of respiratory system (512,514-519) 22800 1 057 IX. Diseases of the digestive system (520-579) 22900 060 Diseases of oral cavity, salivary glands, and jaws (520-529) 23000 1 057 Diseases of other parts of the digestive system (530-579) 23100 1 041 Ulcer of stomach and duodenum (531-533) 23200 023 Gastric ulcer (531) 23300 024 Duodenal ulcer (532) 23400 040 Peptic ulcer, site unspecified (533) 23500 032 Gastritis and duodenitis (535) 23600 024 Appendicitis (540-543) 23700 095 Hernia of abdominal cavity and intestinal obstruction without mention of hernia (550-553,560) 23800 059 Regional enteritis and idiopathic proctocolitis (555-556) 23900 062 All other noninfective gastroenteritis and colitis (557-558) 24000 032 Diverticula of intestine (562) 24100 1 043 Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis (571) 24200 077 Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, specified as alcoholic (571.0-571.3) 24300 057 Chronic hepatitis and biliary cirrhosis (571.4,571.6) 24400 117 Cirrhosis of liver and other and unspecified chronic liver disease without mention of alcohol (571.5,571.8-571.9) 24500 061 Cholelithiasis and other disorders of gallbladder (574-575) 24600 082 All other diseases of digestive system (530,534,536-537,564-570,572-573,576-579) 24700 1 060 X. Diseases of the genitourinary system (580-629) 24800 1 036 Diseases of urinary system (580-599) 24900 1 056 Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis (580-589) 25000 034 Acute glomerulonephritis (580) 25100 028 Nephrotic syndrome (581) 25200 140 Chronic glomerulonephritis, nephritis and nephropathy, not specified as acute or chronic and renal sclerosis, unspecified (582-583,587) 25300 120 Renal failure, disorders resulting from imparied renal function, and small kidney of unknown cause (584-586,588-589) 25400 028 Infections of kidney (590) 25500 028 Urinary calculus (592,594) 25600 056 All other diseases of urinary system (591,593,595-599) ST: 1=Subtotal Limited: Sex: 1=Males; 2=Females Length=of Cause Title Age: 1=5 & Over; 2=10-54; 3=28 Days & Over ***** Cause Subtotals are not Identified in this File ***** 282 S Limited Len- Recode T Sex Age gth Cause Title And ICD-9 Codes Included 25700 1 1 041 Diseases of male genital organs (600-608) 25800 1 031 Hyperplasia of prostate (600) 25900 1 049 Other diseases of male genital organs (601-608) 26000 029 Disorders of breast (610-611) 26100 2 057 Diseases of female genital organs except breast (614-629) 26200 1 2 2 083 XI.Complicaton of pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium (630-676) 26300 1 2 2 041 Pregnancy with abortive outcome (630-638) 26400 2 2 025 Ectopic pregnancy (633) 26500 2 2 028 Spontaneous abortion (634) 26600 2 2 032 Legally induced abortion (635) 26700 2 2 034 Illegally induced abortion (636) 26800 2 2 057 Other pregnancy with abortive outcome (630-632,637-638) 26900 1 2 2 041 Direct obstetric causes (640-646,651-676) 27000 2 2 054 Hemorrhage of pregnancy and childbirth (640-641,666) 27100 2 2 040 Toxemia of pregnancy (642.4-642.9,643) 27200 2 2 024 Obstructed labor (660) 27300 2 2 043 Complications of the puerperium (670-676) 27400 2 2 077 Other direct obstetric causes (642.0-642.3,644-646,651-659,661-665,667-669) 27500 2 2 035 Indirect obstetric causes (647-648) 27600 2 2 042 Delivery in a completely normal case (650) 27700 1 070 XII.Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (680-709) 27800 052 Infections of skin and subcutaneous tissue (680-686) 27900 060 All other diseases of skin and subcutaneous tissue (690-709) 28000 1 087 XIII. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (710-739) 28100 067 Rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory polyarthropathies (714) 28200 059 Other arthropathies and related disorders (710-712,715-719) 28300 022 Dorsopathes (720-724) 28400 040 Rheumatism, excluding the back (725-729) 28500 080 Osteopathies, chondropathies, and acquired musculoskeletal deformities (730-739) 28600 1 046 XIV. Congenital anomalies (740-759) 28700 018 Spina biflda (741) 28800 058 All other congenital anomalies of nervous system (740,742) 28900 039 Congenital anomalies of heart (745-746) 29000 054 Other congenital anomalies of circulatory system (747) 29100 048 All other congenital anomalies (743-744,748-759) 29200 1 079 XV. Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period (760-779) 29300 018 Birth trauma (767) 29400 081 Intrauterine hypoxia, birth asphyxia, and respiratory distress syndrome (768-769) 29500 070 Other conditions originating in theperinatal period (760-766,770-779) ST: 1=Subtotal Limited: Sex: 1=Males; 2=Females Length=of Cause Title Age: 1=5 & Over; 2=10-54; 3=28 Days & Over ***** Cause Subtotals are not Identified in this File ***** 282 S Limited Len- Recode T Sex Age gth Cause Title And ICD-9 Codes Included 29600 1 069 XVI.Symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions (780-799) 29700 043 Senility without mention of psychosis (797) 29800 067 Symptoms, signs, and other ill-defined conditions (780-796,798-799) 29900 1 093 Supplementary classification of external causes of injury and poisoning (E800-E999) 30000 1 041 Accidents and adverse effects (E800-E949) 30100 1 033 Transport accidents (E800-E848) 30200 033 Railway accidents (E800-E807) 30300 1 039 Motor vehicle accidents (E810-E825) 30400 1 049 Motor vehicle traffic accidents (E810-E819) 30500 045 Involving collision with train (E810) 30600 066 Involving collision with another motor vehicle (E811-E812) 30700 050 Involving collision with pedestrian (E814) 30800 068 Involving collision with other vehicle or object (E813,E815) 30900 054 Not involving collision on highway (E816-E818) 31000 067 Motor vehicle traffic accident of unspecified nature (E819) 31100 052 Motor vehicle nontraffic accidents (E820-E825) 31200 044 Other road vehicle accidents (E826-E829) 31300 041 Water transport accidents (E830-E838) 31400 049 Air and space transport accidents (E840-E845) 31500 060 Vehicle accidents not elsewhere classifiable (E846-E848) 31600 1 034 Accidental poisoning (E850-E869) 31700 075 Accidental poisoning by drugs, medlcaments, and biologicals (E850-E858) 31800 072 Accidental poisoning by other solid or liquid substances (E860-E866) 31900 056 Accidental poisoning by gases and vapors (E867-E869) 32000 091 Misadventures during medical care, abnormal reactions, and late complications (E870-E879) 32100 1 030 Accidental falls (E880-E888) 32200 046 Fall from one level to another (E880-E884) 32300 034 Fall on same level (E885-E886) 32400 076 Fracture, cause unspecified, and other and unspecified falls (E887-E888) 32500 049 Accidents caused by fire and flames (E890-E899) 32600 1 053 Other accidents, including late effects (E900-E929) 32700 020 Lightning (E907) 32800 045 Accidental drowning and submersion (E910) 32900 120 Inhalation and ingestion of food or other object causing obstruction of respiratory tract or suffocation (E911-E912) 33000 039 Accident caused by handgun (E922.0) 33100 074 Accidents caused by all other and unspecified firearms (E922.1-E922.9) 33200 048 Accident caused by explosive material (E923) 33300 123 Accident caused by hot substance or object, caustic or corrosive material, steam, and exposure to radiation (E924,E926) 33400 046 Accident caused by electric current (E925) 33500 103 All other accidents and late effects of accidental injury (E900-E906,E908-E909, E913-E921,E927-E929) 33600 102 Drugs, medicaments, and biological substances causing adverse effects in therapeutic use (E930-E949) 33700 1 1 019 Suicide (E950-E959) 33800 1 064 Suicide by drugs, medicaments, and biologicals (E950.0-E950.5) 33900 1 061 Suicide by other solid or liquid substances (E950.6-E950.9) 94000 1 041 Suicide by gases and vapors (E951-E952) 34100 1 059 Suicide by hanging, strangulation, and suffocation (E953) 34200 1 029 Suicide by handgun (E955.0) 34300 1 063 Suicide by all other and unspecified firearms (E955.1-E955.4) 34400 1 089 Suicide by all other means and late effects of self-inflicted injury (E954,E955.5-E959) ST: 1=Subtotal Limited: Sex: 1=Males; 2=Females Length=of Cause Title Age: 1=5 & Over; 2=10-54; 3=28 Days & Over ***** Cause Subtotals are not Identified in this File ***** 282 S Limited Len- Recode T Sex Age gth Cause Title And ICD-9 Codes Included 34500 1 043 Homicide and legal intervention (E960-E978) 34600 029 Assault by handgun (E965.0) 34700 063 Assault by all other and unspecified firearms (E965.1-E965.4) 34800 051 Assault by cutting and piercing instrument (E966) 34900 127 Assault by all other means and late effects of injury purposely inflicted by other person (E960-E964,E965.5-E965.9,E967-E969) 35000 024 Legal execution (E978) 35100 091 Other legal intervention and late effects of injury due to legal intervention (E970-E977) 35200 1 075 Injury undetermined whether accidentally or purposely inflicted (E980-E989) 35300 071 From poisoning by drugs, medicaments, and biologicals (E980.0-E980.5) 35400 068 From poisoning by other solid or liquid substances (E980.6-E980.9) 35500 033 From injury by handgun (E985.0) 35600 067 From injury by all other and unspecified firearms (E985.1-E985.4) 35700 141 From injury by all other means and late effects of injury, undetermined whether accidentally or purposely inflicted (E981-E984,E985.5-E989) 35800 051 Injury resulting from operations of war (E990-E999) 72 Causes of Death Adapted for Use by DVS ST: 1=Subtotal Limited: Sex: 1=Males; 2=Females Length=of Cause Title Age: 1=5 & Over; 2=10-54; 3=28 Days & Over ***** Cause Subtotals are not Identified in this File ***** 72 S Limited Len- Recode T Sex Age gth Cause Title And ICD-9 Codes Included 010 035 Shigellosis and amebiasis (004,006) 020 045 Certain other intestinal infections (007-009) 030 1 022 Tuberculosis (010-018) 040 046 Tuberculosis of respiratory system (010-012) 050 030 Other tuberculosis (013-018) 060 020 Whooping cough (033) 070 063 Streptococcal sore throat, scarlatina, and erysipelas (034-035) 080 029 Meningococcal infection (036) 090 3 016 Septicemia (038) 100 025 Acute poliomyelitis (045) 110 013 Measles (055) 120 021 Viral hepatitis (070) 130 018 Syphilis (090-097) 140 109 All other infectious and parasitic diseases (001-003,005,020-032,037,039-041,046-054, 056-066,071-088,098-139) 150 1 089 Malignant neoplasms, including neoplasms of lymphatic and hematopoietic tissues (140-208) 160 064 Malignant neoplasms of lip, oral cavity, and pharynx (140-149) 170 066 Malignant neoplasms of digestive organs and peritoneum (150-159) 180 071 Malignant neoplasms of respiratory and intrathoracic organs (160-165) 190 040 Malignant neoplasm of breast (174-175) 200 049 Malignant neoplasms of genital organs (179-187) 210 049 Malignant neoplasms of urinary organs (188-189) 220 074 Malignant neoplasms of all other and unspecified sites (170-173,190-199) 230 020 Leukemia (204-208) 240 076 Other malignant neoplasms of lymphatic and hematopoietic tissues (200-203) 250 108 Benign neoplasms, carcinoma in situ, and neoplasms of uncertain behavior and of unspecified nature (210-239) 260 023 Diabetes mellitus (250) 270 034 Nutritional deficiencies (260-269) 280 017 Anemias (280-285) 290 020 Meningitis (320-322) 300 1 039 Major cardiovascular diseases (390-448) 310 1 041 Diseases of heart (390-398,402,404-429) 320 057 Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease (390-398) 330 036 Hypertensive heart disease (402) 340 046 Hypertensive heart and renal disease (404) 350 1 036 Ischemic heart disease (410-414) 360 039 Acute myocardial infarction (410) 370 068 Other acute and subacute forms of ischemlc heart disease (411) 380 027 Angina pectoris (413) 390 091 Old myocardial infarction and other forms of chronic ischemic heart disease (412,414) 400 039 Other diseases of endocardium (424) 410 054 All other forms of heart disease (415-423,425-429) 420 054 Hypertension with or without renal disease (401,403) 430 1 036 Cerebrovascular diseases (430-438) 440 061 Intracerebral and other intracranial hemorrhage (431-432) 450 084 Cerebral thrombosis and unspecified occlusion of cerebral arteries (434.0.434.9) 460 029 Cerebral embolism (434.1) 470 076 All other and late effects of cerebrovascular diseases (430,433,435-438) 480 023 Atherosclerosls (440) 490 067 Other diseases of arteries, arterioles, and capillaries (441-448) ST: 1=Subtotal Limited: Sex: 1=Males; 2=Females Length=of Cause Title Age: 1=5 & Over; 2=10-54; 3=28 Days & Over ***** Cause Subtotals are not Identified in this File ***** 72 S Limited Len- Recode T Sex Age gth Cause Title And ICD-9 Codes Included 500 040 Acute bronchitis and bronchiolitis (466) 510 1 033 Pneumonia and influenza (480-487) 520 021 Pneumonia (480-486) 530 017 Influenza (487) 540 1 070 Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and allied conditions (490-496) 550 047 Bronchitis, chronic and unspecified (490-491) 560 017 Emphysema (492) 570 014 Asthma (493) 580 078 Other chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and allied conditions (494-496) 590 039 Ulcer of stomach and duodenum (531-533) 600 022 Appendicitis (540-543) 610 093 Hernla of abdominal cavity and intestinal obstruction without mention of hernia (550-553,560) 620 041 Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis (571) 630 059 Cholelithiasis and other disorders of gallbladder (574-575) 640 1 054 Nephrltis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis (580-589) 650 059 Acute glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome (580-581) 660 138 Chronic glomerulonephritis, nephritls and nephropathy, not specified as acute or chronic, and renal sclerosis, unspecified (582-583,587) 670 118 Renal failure, disorders resulting from impaired renal function, and small kidney of unknown cause (584-586,588-589) 680 026 Infections of kidney (590) 690 1 029 Hyperplasia of prostate (600) 700 1 2 2 068 Complications of pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium (630-676) 710 2 2 043 Pregnancy with abortive outcome (630-638) 720 2 2 076 Other complications of pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium (640-676) 730 030 Congenital anomalies (740-759) 740 1 064 Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period (760-779) 750 097 Birth trauma, intrauterine hypoxia, birth asphyxla, and respiratory distress syndrome (767-769) 760 072 Other conditions originating in the perinatal period (760-766,770-779) 053 Symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions (780-799) 780 029 All other diseases (Residual) 790 1 041 Accidents and adverse effects (E800-E949) 800 037 Motor vehicle accidents (E810-E825) 810 063 All other accidents and adverse effects (E800-E807,E826-E949) 820 1 019 Suicide (E950-E959) 830 043 Homicide and legal intervention (E960-E978) 840 037 All other external causes (E980-E999) 61 Causes of Death Adapted for Use by DVS Ninth Revision 61 Causes of Death Adapted for use by DVS ST: 1 Subtotal Limited: Sex: 1 = Males; 2 = Females Length of Cause Title Age: 1 = 5 & Over; 2 = 10-54; 3 = 28 Days & Over Cause Subtotals are not Identified in this File 61 S Limited Len- Recode T Sex Age gth Cause Title And ICD-9 Codes Included 010 039 Certain intestinal infections (008-009) 020 020 Whooping cough (033) 030 029 Meningococcal infection (036) 040 3 016 Septicemia (038) 050 024 Viral diseases (045-079) 060 025 Congenital syphilis (090) 070 100 Remainder of infectious and parasitic diseases (001-007,010-032,034-035,037,039- 041,080-088,091-139) 080 089 Malignant neoplasms, including neoplasms of lympha- tic and hematopoietic tissues (140-208) 090 108 Benign neoplasms, carcinoma in situ, and neoplasms of uncertain behavior and of unspecified nature (210-239) 100 030 Diseases of thymus gland (254) 110 023 Cystic fibrosis (277.0) 120 052 Diseases of blood and blood-forming organs (280- 289) 130 020 Meningitis (320-322) 140 059 Other diseases of nervous system and sense organs (323-389) 150 044 Acute upper respiratory infections (460-465) 160 042 Bronchitis and bronchiolitis (466,490-491) 170 1 033 Pneumonia and influenza (480-487) 180 021 Pneumonia (480-486) 190 017 Influenza (487) 200 061 Remainder of diseases of respiratory system (470- 478,492-519) 210 093 Hernia of abdominal cavity and intestinal obstruc- tion without mention of hernia (550-553, 560) 220 075 Gastritis, duodenitis, and noninfective enteritis and colitis (535,555-558) 230 067 Remainder of diseases of digestive system (520-534, 536-543,562-579) 240 1 030 Congenital anomalies (740-759) 250 042 Anencephalus and similar anomalies (740) 260 020 Spina bifida (741) 270 034 Congenital hydrocephalus (742.3) 280 092 Other congenital anomalies of central nervous system and eye (742.0-742.2,742.4-742.9, 743) 290 041 Congenital anomalies of heart (745-746) 300 056 Other congenital anomalies of circulatory system (747) 310 050 Congenital anomalies of respiratory system (748) 320 052 Congenital anomalies of digestive system (749- 751) 330 056 Congenital anomalies of genitourinary system (752-753) 340 058 Congenital anomalies of musculoskeletal system (754-756) 350 025 Downs syndrome (758.0) 360 043 Other chromosomal anomalies (758.1-758.9) 370 062 All other and unspecified congenital anomalies (744,757,759) ST: 1 = Subtotal Limited: Sex: 1 = Males; 2 = Females Length = of Cause Title Age: 1 = 5 & Over; 2 = 10-54; 3 = 28 Days & Over Cause Subtotals are not Identified in this File 61 S Limited Len- Recooe T Sex Age gth Cause Title And 100-9 Codes Included 380 1 064 Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period (760-779) 390 091 Newborn affected by maternal conditions which may be unrelated to present pregnancy (760) 400 063 Newborn affected by maternal complications of pregnancy (761) 410 074 Newborn affected by complications of placenta, cord, and membranes (762) 420 069 Newborn affected by other complications of labor and delivery (763) 430 048 Slow fetal growth and fetal malnutrition (764) 440 077 Disorders relating to short gestation and unspecified low birthweight (765) 450 065 Disorders relating to long gestation and high birthweight (766) 460 020 Birth trauma (767) 470 1 047 Intrauterine hypoxia and birth asphyxia (768) 480 051 Fetal distress in liveborn infant (768.2-768.4) 490 032 Birth asphyxia (768.5-768.9) 500 037 Respiratory distress syndrome (769) 510 047 Other respiratory conditions of newborn (770) 520 051 Infections specific to the perinatal period (771) 530 027 Neonatal hemorrhage (772) 540 094 Hemolytic disease of newborn, due to isoimmuni- zation, and other perinatal jaundice (773- 774) 550 088 Syndrome of "infant of a diabetic mother" and neonatal diabetes mellitus (775.0-775. 1) 560 040 Hemorrhagic disease of newborn (776.0) 570 098 All other and ill-defined conditions originating in the perinatal period (775.2-775.9,776.1- 779) 580 1 053 Symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions (780- 799) 590 038 Sudden infant death syndrome (798.0) 600 075 Symptoms, signs, and all other ill-defined conditions (780-797,798.1-799) 610 1 041 Accidents and adverse effects (E800-E949) 620 118 Inhalation and ingestion of food or other object causing obstruction of respiratory tract or suffocation (E911-E912) 630 042 Accidental mechanical suffocation (E913) 640 067 Other accidental causes and adverse effects (E800-E910,E914-E949) 650 1 020 Homicide (E960-E969) 660 047 Child battering and other maltreatment (E967) 670 038 Other homicide (E960-E966,E968-I969) 680 027 All other causes (Residual) 52 Causes of Death Adapted for Use by DVS ST: 1=Subtotal Limited: Sex: 1=Males; 2=Females Length=of Cause Title Age: 1=5 & Over; 2=10-54; 3=28 Days & Over ***** Cause Subtotals are not Identified in this File ***** 52 S Limited Len- Recode T Sex Age gth Cause Title And ICD-9 Codes Included 010 050 Tuberculosis, including late effects (010-018,137) 020 3 016 Septicemia (038) 030 1 089 Malignant neoplasms, including neoplasms of lymphatic and hematopoietic tissues (140-208) 040 064 Malignant neoplasms of lip, oral cavity, and pharynx (140-149) 050 039 Malignant neoplasm of esophagus (150) 060 037 Malignant neoplasm of stomach (151) 070 035 Malignant neoplasm of colon (153) 080 070 Malignant neoplasms of rectum, rectosigmoid junction, and anus (154) 090 064 Malignant neoplasms of liver and intrahepatic bile ducts (155) 100 070 Malignant neoplasms of gallbladder and extrahepatic bileducts (156) 110 038 Malignant neoplasm of pancreas (157) 120 036 Malignant neoplasm of larynx (161) 130 058 Malignant neoplasms of trachea, bronchus, and lung (162) 140 036 Malignant neoplasm of pleura (163) 150 059 Malignant neoplasms of bone and articular cartilage (170) 160 063 Malignant neoplasms of connective and other soft tissue (171) 170 034 Malignant melanoma of skin (172) 180 2 043 Malignant neoplasm of female breast (174) 190 2 042 Malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri (180) 200 2 044 Malignant neoplasm of body of uterus (182) 210 2 061 Malignant neoplasms of ovary and other uterine adnexa (183) 220 1 038 Malignant neoplasm of prostate (185) 230 1 036 Malignant neoplasm of test is (186) 240 037 Malignant neoplasm of bladder (188) 250 078 Malignant neoplasms of kidney and other and unspecified urinary organs (189) 260 090 Malignant neoplasms of brain and other and unspecified parts of nervous system (191-192) 270 025 Hodgkin's disease (201) 280 059 Malignant lymphoma other than Hodgkin's disease (200,202) 290 058 Multiple myeloma and immunoproliferative neoplasms (203) 300 020 Leukemia (204-208) 310 149 All other malignant neoplasms, including neoplasms of lymphatic and hematopoietic tissues (152,158-160,164-165,173,175,179,181, 184,187,190,193-199) 320 023 Diabetes mellitus (250) 330 021 Aplastic anemia (284) 340 1 039 Diseases of heart (390-398,402,404-429) 350 034 Hypertensive heart disease (402) 360 044 Hypertensive heart and renal disease (404) 370 1 034 Ischemic heart disease (410-414) 380 037 Acute myocardial infarction (410) 390 046 All other ischemic heart disease (411-414) 400 047 All other diseases of heart (390-398,415-429) 410 052 Hypertension with or without renal disease (401,403) 420 034 Cerebrovascular diseases (430-438) 430 021 Atherosclerosls (440) 440 033 Pneumonia and influenza (480-487) 450 070 Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and allied conditions (490-496) 460 072 Pneumoconioses and pneumopathy due to inhalation of other dust (500-505) 470 039 Ulcer of stomach and duodenum (531-533) 480 041 Chronic liver disease and clrrhosis (571) 490 054 Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis (580-589) 500 1 041 Accidents and adverse effects (E800-E949) 510 037 Motor vehicle accidents (E810-E825) 520 079 Accidents mainly of industrial type (E846,E881-E882,E916-E919,E921,E923-E926) 530 099 Other accidents and adverse effects (E800-E807,E826-E845,E847-E880,E883-E915,E920, E922,E927-E949) 540 1 019 Suicide (E950-E959) 550 043 Homicide and legal intervention (E960-E978) 560 049 All other diseases and external causes (Redidual) 34 Causes of Death Adapted for Use by DVS ST: 1=Subtotal Limited: Sex: 1=Males; 2=Females Length=of Cause Title Age: 1=5 & Over; 2=10-54; 3=28 Days & Over ***** Cause Subtotals are not Identified in this File ***** 34 S Limited Len- Recode T Sex Age gth Cause Title And ICD-9 Codes Included 010 022 Tuberculosis (010-018) 020 018 Syphilis (090-097) 030 071 Residual of infectious and parasitic diseases (001-009020-088,098-139) 040 1 089 Malignant neoplasms, including neoplasms of lymphatic and hematopoietic tissues (140-208) 050 066 Malignant neoplasms of digestive organs and peritoneum (150-159) 060 071 Malignant neoplasms of respiratory and intrathoracic organs (160-165) 070 040 Malignant neoplasm of breast (174-175) 080 049 Malignant neoplasms of genital organs (179-187) 090 049 Malignant neoplasms of urinary organs (188-189) 100 020 Leukemia (204-208) 110 053 Other malignant neoplasms (140-149,170-173,190-203) 120 023 Diabetes mellitus (250) 130 1 039 Major cardiovascular diseases (390-448) 140 1 041 Diseases of heart (390-398,402,404-429) 150 057 Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease (390-398) 160 070 Hypertensive heart disease with or without renal disease (402,404) 170 036 Ischemic heart disease (410-414) 180 034 Other heart diseases (415-429) 190 054 Hypertension with or without renal disease (401,403) 200 036 Cerebrovascular diseases (430-438) 210 023 Atherosclerosis (440) 220 067 Other diseases of arteries, arterioles, and capillaries (441-448) 230 033 Pneumonia and influenza (480-487) 240 070 Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and allied conditions (490-496) 250 039 Ulcer of stomach and duodenum (531-533) 260 041 Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis (571) 270 054 Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis (580-589) 280 2 2 068 Complications of pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium (630-676) 290 030 Congenital anomalies (740-759) 300 064 Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period (760-779) 310 053 Symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions (780-799) 320 029 All other diseases (Residual) 330 035 Motor vehicle accidents (E810-E825) 340 061 All other accidents and adverse effects (E800-E807,E826-E949) 350 1 019 Suicide (E950-E959) 360 043 Homicide and legal intervention (E960-E978) 370 037 All other external causes (E980-E999) Appendix E - Business and Industry Recodes TITLES FOR BUSINESS OR INDUSTRY RECODE 51 ** INDUSTRY SUBTOTALS ARE NOT IDENTIFIED IN THIS FILE **** RECODE ST TITLE 01 Agriculture forestry, and fisheries 02 Mining 03 Construction 04 1 Manufacturing 05 1 Nondurable goods 06 Food and kindred products 07 Textile mill and finished products 08 Paper and allied products 09 Printing, publishing and allied products 10 Chemicals and allied products 11 Petroleum and coal products 12 Rubber, plastics and leather products 13 1 Durable goods 14 Lumber and other wood products, and furniture 15 Stone, clay, glass and concrete products 16 Primary metal industries 17 Fabricated metal industries 18 Machinery, except electrical 19 Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies 20 Transportation equipment 21 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries 22 1 Transportation, communications, and other public utilities 23 1 Transportation 24 Railroads 25 Trucking and warehousing 26 Other transportation 27 Communications 28 Utilities and sanitary services 29 Wholesale trade 30 1 Retail trade 31 Food, bakery, and dairy stores 32 Auto dealers and supply stores 33 Eating and drinking places 34 Other retail trade 35 Finance, insurance, and real estate 36 1 Business and repair services 37 Automotive services and repair 38 Other business and repair services 39 1 Personal services 40 Private households 41 Beauty and barber shops 42 Other personal services 43 Entertainment and recreation services 44 1 Professional and related services 45 Health services 46 Educational services 47 Social services 48 Legal, engineering, and other services 49 Public administration 50 Military 51 Industry unknown or not reported TITLES FOR BUSINESS OR INDUSTRY RECODE 15 RECODE TITLE 01 Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries 02 Mining 03 Construction 04 Manufacturing 05 Transportation, communications, and other publicutilities 06 Wholesale trade 07 Retail trade 08 Finance, insurance, and real estate 09 Business and repair services 10 Personal services 11 Entertainment and recreation services 12 Professional ana related services 13 Public administration 14 Military 15 Industry Unknown or not reported Appendix F - Selected Occupation Recodes TITLES FOR USUAL OCCUPATION RECODE 59 **** OCCUPATION SUBTOTALS ARE NOT IDENTIFIED IN THIS FILE **** RECODE ST TITLE 01 1 Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations 02 Executive and administrative occupations 03 Management related occupations 04 1 Professional specialty occupations 05 Architects, engineers, and scientists 06 Health diagnosis and treatment occupations 07 Teachers 08 Other professional specialty occupations 09 Technicians and related support 10 Sales occupations 11 1 Administrative support occupations, including clerical 12 Secretaries, stenographers, and typists 13 Records processing occupations 14 Mail and message distributing occupations 15 Other administrative support occupations 16 1 Service occupations 17 Private household occupations 18 Protective service occupations 19 Food preparation and service occupations 20 Health service occupations 21 Cleaning and building service occupations 22 Personal service occupations 23 1 Farming, forestry, fishing occupations 24 Farm and other agricultural occupations 25 Forestry, fishing and hunting occupations 26 1 Precision production, craft and repair occupations 27 1 Mechanics and repairers 28 Vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics and repairers 29 Other mechanics and repairers 30 1 Construction trades 31 Carpenters and apprentices 32 Electricians, apprentices, and electrical power installers and repairers 33 Painters, construction and maintenance 34 Other contruction trades 35 Extractive occupations 36 1 Precision production occupations 37 Supervisors, production occupations 38 Precision metal and wood working occupations 39 Precision textile, apparel, and furnishings machine workers 40 Precision food production occupations 41 Other precision production occupations 42 1 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors 43 1 Machine operators and tenders, except precision 44 Metal, plastic, and woodworking machine operators 45 Printing machine operators 46 Textile, apparel, and furnishing machine operators 47 Machine operators, assorted materials 48 Fabricators, assemblers, and hand working occupations 49 Production inspectors, testers, samplers, and weighers 50 1 Transportation and material moving occupations 51 Motor vehicle operators 52 Other transportation occupations 53 1 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers and laborers 54 Construction laborers 55 Laborers, except construction 56 Other handlers, cleaners, and laborers 57 Military 58 Homemaker 59 Occupation unknown or not reported TITLES FOR USUAL OCCUPATION RECODE 09 RECODE TITLE 01 Managerial and professional specialty occupations 02 Technical, sales, and administrative support occupations 03 Service occupations 04 Farming, forestry, and fishing occupations 05 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations 06 Operators, fabricators, and laborers 07 Military 08 Homemaker 09 Retired, student, volunteer, never worked, unknown, or not reported Appendix G - Mortality Technical Appendix Sources of Data Death and Fetal-Death Statistics Mortality statistics for 1986 are, as for all previous years except 1972, based on information from records of all deaths occurring in the United States.Fetal-death statistics for every year are based on all reports of fetal death received by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). The death-registration system and the fetal-death reporting system of the United States encompass the 50 States, the District of Columbia, New York City (which is independent of New York State for the purpose of death registration),Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa,and the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands.In the statistical tabulations of this publication,United States refers only to the aggregate of the 50 States (including New York City) and the District of Columbia.Tabulations for Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands are shown separately in this volume. No data have ever been included for American Samoa or the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. The Virgin Islands was admitted to the "registration area" for deaths in 1924; Puerto Rico, in 1932; and Guam, in 1970.Tabulations of death statistics for Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands were regularly shown in the annual volumes of Vital Statistics of the United States from the year of their admission through 1971 except for the years 1967 through 1969, and tabulations for Guam were included for 1970 and 1971.Death statistics for Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Guam were not included in the 1972 volume but have been included in section 8 of the volumes for each of the years 1973-78 and in section 9 beginning with 1979. Information for 1972 for these three areas was published in the respective annual vital statistics reports of the Department of Health of the Virgin Islands, and the Department of Public Health and Social Services of the Government of Guam. Procedures used by NCHS to collect death statistics have changed over the years. Before 1971, tabulations of deaths and fetal deaths were based solely on information obtained by NCHS from copies of the original certifi- cates.The information from these copies was edited, coded, and tabulated. For 1960-70, all mortality information taken from these records was trans- ferred by NCHS to magnetic tape for computer processing. Beginning with 1971, an increasing number of States have provided NCHS with computer tapes of data coded according to NCHS specifications and provided to NCHS through the Vital Statistics Cooperative Program. The year in which State-coded demographic data were first transmitted on computer tape to NCHS is shown below for each of the States, New York City, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia, all of which now furnish demographic or nonmedical data on tape. 1971 1977 Florida Alaska Idaho 1972 Massachusetts Maine New York City Missouri Ohio New Hampshire Puerto Rico Rhode Island Vermont 1978 Indiana 1973 Utah Colorado Washington Michigan New York (except New York City) 1979 Connecticut 1974 Hawaii Illinois Mississippi Iowa New Jersey Kansas Pennsylvania Montana Wyoming Nebraska Oregon 1980 South Carolina Arkansas New Mexico 1975 South Dakota Louisiana Maryland 1982 North Carolina North Dakota Oklahoma Tennessee 1985 Virginia Arizona Wisconsin California Delaware 1976 Georgia Alabama District of Columbia Kentucky Minnesota Nevada Texas West Virginia For the Virgin Islands and Guam mortality statistics for 1986 are based on information obtained directly by NCHS from copies of the original certificates received from the registration offices. In 1974, States began coding medical (cause-of-death) data on computer tapes according to NCHS specifications. The year in which State-coded medical data were first transmitted to NCHS is shown below for the 19 States now furnishing such data. 1974 1980--Con. Iowa Pennsylvania Michigan South Carolina 1975 1981 Louisiana Maine Nebraska North Carolina 1983 Virginia Minnesota Wisconsin 1984 1980 Maryland Colorado New York State (except Kansas New York City) Massachusetts Vermont Mississippi 1986 New Hampshire California Pennsylvania Florida South Carolina Texas For 1986 and previous years except 1972, NCHS coded the medical information from copies of the original certificates received from the registration offices for all deaths occurring in those States that were not furnishing NCHS with medical data coded according to NCHS specifications. For 1981 and 1982, it was necessary to change these procedures because of a backlog in coding and processing that resulted from personnel and budgetary restrictions.To produce the mortality files on a timely basis with reduced resources, NCHS used State-coded underlying cause-of-death information supplied by 19 States for 50 percent of the records; for the other 50 percent of the records for these States as well as for 100 percent of the records for the remaining 21 registration areas, NCHS coded the medical information. Mortality statistics for 1972 were based on information obtained from a 50-percent sample of death records instead of from all records as in other years. The sample resulted from personnel and budgetary restrictions. Sampling variation associated with the 50-percent sample is described below in the section "Estimates of errors arising from 50-percent sample for 1972." Fetal-death data are obtained directly from copies of original reports of fetal deaths received by NCHS, except New York State (excluding New York City), which submitted State-coded data in 1986. Fetal-death data are not published by NCHS for the Virgin Islands and Guam. Standard Certificates and Reports The U.S. Standard Certificate of Death and the U.S. Standard Report of Fetal Death, issued by the Public Health Service, have served for many years as the principal means of attaining uniformity in the content of documents used to collect information on these events.They have been modified in each State to the extent required by the particular needs of the State or by special provisions of the State vital statistics law. However, the certificates or reports of most States conform closely in content and arrangement to the standards. The first issue of the U.S. Standard Certificate of Death appeared in 1900. Since then, it has been revised periodically by the national vital statistics agency through consultation with State health officers and registrars; Federal agencies concerned with vital statistics; national, State, and county medical societies; and others working in such fields as public health, social welfare,demography, and insurance. This revision procedure has assured careful evaluation of each item in terms of its current and future usefulness for legal, medical and health, demographic,and research purposes.New items have been added when necessary; and old items have been modified to ensure better reporting, or in some cases have been dropped when their usefulness appeared to be limited. New revisions of the U.S. Standard Certificate of Death and the U.S. Standard Report of Fetal Death were recommended for State use beginning January 1, 1978.The certificate of death is for use by a physician, a medical examiner, or a coroner. Two other forms of the U.S. Standard Certificate of Death are available and are similar except that the section on certification is designed for the physician's signature on one, and for the medical examiner's or coroner's signature on the other. Among the changes in the new revision were the additions of (1) an item asking "If Hosp. or Inst., Indicate DOA, OP/Emer. Rm., Inpatient" and (2) an item "Was Decedent Ever in U.S. Armed Forces?" The latter item was previously on the certificate but was deleted from 1968 through 1977.An item on whether autopsy findings were considered for determining cause of death was dropped. History The first death statistics published by the Federal Government concerned events in 1850 and were based on statistics collected during the decennial census of that year. In 1880 a national "registration area" was created for deaths. Originally consisting of two States (Massachusetts and New Jersey), the District of Columbia, and several large cities having efficient systems for death registrations, the death-registration area continued to expand until 1933, when it included the entire United States for the first time. Tables that show data for death-registration States include the District of Columbia for all years; registration cities in nonregistration States are not included.For more details on the history of the death-registration area see the Technical Appendix in Vital Statistics of the United States, 1979, Volume II, Mortality, Part A, Section 7, pages 3-4, and the section "History and Organization of the Vital Statistics System," chapter 1, Vital Statistics of the United States, 1950, Volume I, pages 2-19. Statistics on fetal deaths were first published for the birth- registration area in 1918, and then every year beginning with 1922. Classification of Data The principal value of vital statistics data is realized through the presentation of rates, which are computed by relating the vital events of a class to the population of a similarly defined class. Vital statistics and population statistics must therefore be classified according to similarly defined systems and tabulated in comparable groups. Even when the variables common to both, such as geographic area, age, sex, and race, have been similarly classified and tabulated, differences between the enumeration method of obtaining population data and the registration method of obtaining vital statistics data may result in significant discrepancies. The general rules used in the classification of geographic and personal items for deaths and fetal deaths for 1986 are set forth in two instruction manuals (NCHS, 1986a, 1986b). A discussion of the classification of certain important items is presented on next page. Classification by Occurrence and Residence Tabulations for the United States and specified geographic areas in this report are by place of residence unless stated as by place of occurrence. Before 1970, resident mortality statistics for the United States included all deaths occurring in the United States, with deaths of "nonresidents of the United States" assigned to place of death. "Deaths of nonresidents of the United States" refers to deaths that occur in the United States of nonresident aliens, nations residing abroad, and residents of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, and other territories of the United States. Beginning with 1970, deaths of nonresidents of the United States are not included in tables by place of residence. Tables by place of occurrence, on the other hand, include deaths of both residents and nonresidents of the United States. Consequently, for each year beginning with 1970, the total number of deaths in the United States by place of occurrence was somewhat greater than the total by place of residence. For 1986 this difference amounted to 3,023 deaths. Mortality statistics by place of occurrence are shown in tables 1-10, 1-18, 1-19, 1-28, 1-29, 3-1, 3-8, 8-1, and 8-7. Before 1970, except for 1964 and 1965, deaths of nonresidents of the United States occurring in the United States were treated as deaths of residents of the exact place of occurrence, which in most instances was an urban area. In 1964 and 1965, deaths of nonresidents of the United States occurring in the United States were allocated as deaths of residents of the balance of the county in which they occurred. Residence error--Results of a 1960 study showed that the classification of residence information on the death certificates corresponded closely to the residence classification of the census records for the decedents whose records were matched (NCHS, 1969). A comparison of the results of this study of deaths with those for a previous matched record study of births (National Vital Statistics Division, 1962) showed that the quality of residence data had considerably improved between 1950 and 1960. Both studies found that events in urban areas were overstated by the NCHS classification in comparison with the U.S. Bureau of the Census classification. The magnitude of the difference was substantially less for deaths in 1960 than it was for births in 1950. The improvement is attributed to an item added in 1956 to the U.S. Standard Certificates of Birth and of Death, asking if residence was inside or outside city limits. This new item aided in properly allocating the residence of persons living near cities but outside the corporate limits. Geographic Classification The rules followed in the classification of geographic areas for deaths and fetal deaths are contained in the two instruction manuals referred to previously (NCHS, 1986a, 1986b). The geographic codes assigned by the National Center for Health Statistics during data reduction of course information on birth, death, and fetal-death records are given in another instruction manual (NCHS, 1985). Beginning with 1982 data, the geographic codes were modified to reflect results of the 1980 census. For 1970-81, codes are based on results of the 1970 census. Standard metropolitan statistical areas--The standard metropolitan statistical areas (SMSA's) used in this report are those established by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (1981a, pp. 1-20) from final 1980 census population counts and used by the U.S. Bureau of the Census, except in the New England States. Except in the New England States, an SMSA is a county or a group of contiguous counties containing a city of 50,000 inhabitants or more or an urbanized area of 50,000 with a total metropolitan population of at least 100,000. In addition to the county or counties containing such a city or urbanized area, contiguous counties are included in an SMSA if, according to specified criteria, they are essentially metropolitan in character and are socially and economically integrated with the central city or urbanized area (U.S. Office of Management and Budget, 1981b, p. 420). In the New England States, the U.S. Office of Management and Budget uses towns and cities rather than counties as geographic components of SMSA's. The National Center for Health Statistics cannot, however, use the SMSA classification for these States because its data are not coded to identify all towns. Instead, NCHS uses New England County Metropolitan Areas (NECMA's). Made up of county units, these areas are established by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (1975, pp. 89-90; 1981b, p. 420). Metropolitan and nonmetropolitan counties--Independent cities and counties included in SMSA's or in NECMA's are included in data for metropo- litan counties, all other counties are classified as nonmetropolitan. Population-size groups--Vital statistics data for cities and certain other urban places in 1985 are classified according to the population enumerated in the 1980 Census of Population. Data are available for individual cities and other urban places of 10,000 or more population. Data for the remaining areas not separately identified are shown in the tables under the heading "balance of area" or "balance of county." For the years 1970-81, classification of areas was determined by the population enumerated in the 1970 Census of Population. Beginning with 1982 data, as a result of changes in the enumerated population between 1970 and 1980, some urban places identified in previous reports are no longer included, and a number of other urban places have been added. Urban places other than incorporated cities for which vital statistics data are shown in this report include the following: o Each town in New England, New York, and Wisconsin and each township in Michigan, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania that had no incorporated municipality as a subdivision and had either 25,000 inhabitants or more,or a population of 10,000 to 25,000 and a density of 1,000 persons or more per square mile. o Each county in States other than those indicated above that had no incorporated municipality within its boundary and had a density of 1,000 persons or more per square mile. (Arlington County, Virginia, is the only county classified as urban under this rule.) o Each place in Hawaii with 10,000 or more population, as there are no incorporated cities in the State. Before 1964, places were classified as "urban" or "rural." The Technical Appendixes for earlier years discuss the previous classification system. State or Country of Birth Mortality statistics by State or country of birth (table 1-32) became available beginning with 1979. State or country of birth of a decedent is assigned to 1 of the 50 States or the District of Columbia; or to Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, or Guam--if specified on the death certificate. The place of birth is also tabulated for Canada, Cuba, Mexico, and for the Remainder of the World. Deaths for which information on State or country of birth was unknown, not stated, or not classifiable accounted for a small proportion of all deaths in 1986, about 0.5 percent. Early mortality reports published by the U.S. Bureau of the Census contained tables showing nativity of parents as well as nativity of decedent. Publication of these tables was discontinued in 1933. Mortality data showing nativity of decedent were again published in annual reports for 1939-41 and for 1950. Age The age recorded on the death record is the age at last birthday. With respect to the computation of death rates, the age classification used by the U.S. Bureau of the Census is also based on the age of the person in completed years. For computation of age-specific and age-adjusted death rates, deaths with age not stated are excluded. For life table computation, deaths with age not stated are distributed proportionately. Race For vital statistics in the United States in 1986, deaths are classified by race--white, black, Indian, Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Other Asian or Pacific Islander, and other races. Mortality data for Filipino and Other Asian or Pacific Islander were shown for the first time in 1979. The white category includes, in addition to persons reported as white, those reported as Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, and all other Caucasians. The Indian category includes American, Alaskan, Canadian, Eskimo, and Aleut. If the racial entry on the death certificate indicates a mixture of Hawaiian and any other race, the entry is coded to Hawaiian. If the race is given as a mixture of white and any other race, the entry is coded to the appropriate other race. If a mixture of races other than white is given (except Hawaiian),the entry is coded to the first race listed. This procedure for coding the first race listed has been in use since 1969. Before 1969, if the entry for race was a mixture of black and any other race except Hawaiian, the entry was coded to black. Most of the tables in this report, however, do not show data for this detailed classification by race. In about half of all the tables the divisions are white, all other (including black), and black separately. In other tables by race, where the main purpose is to isolate the major groups, the classifications are simply white and all other. Race not stated--For 1986 the number of death records for which race was unknown, not stated, or not classifiable was 4,583, or 0.2 percent of the total deaths. Death records with race entry not stated are assigned to a racial designation as follows: If the preceding record is coded white, the code assignment is made to white; if the code is other than white, the assignment is made to black.Before 1964 all records with race not stated were assigned to white except records of residents of New Jersey for 1962-64. New Jersey, 1962-64--New Jersey omitted the race item from its certificates of live birth, death, and fetal death in use in the beginning of 1962.The item was restored during the latter part of 1962.The item was restored during the latter part of 1962.However, the certificate revision without the race item was used for most of 1962 as well as 1963. Therefore figures by race for 1962 and 1963 exclude New Jersey.For 1964, 6.8 percent of the death records in use for residents of New Jersey did not contain the race item. Adjustments made in vital statistics to take into account the omission of the race item in New Jersey for part of the certificates filed during 1962 through 1964 are described in the Technical Appendix of Vital Statistics of the United States for each of those data years. Hispanic Origin Mortality statistics for the Hispanic-origin population were published in 1984 for the first time. They are based on information for those States and the District of Columbia that included items on the death certificate to identify Hispanic or ethnic origin of decedents. Data were obtained from the District of Columbia and the following 22 States: Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Maine, Mississippi, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York (including New York City), North Dakota, Ohio, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, and Wyoming. Generally, the reporting States used items similar to one of two basic formats recommended by NCHS. The first format is open-ended to obtain the specific origin or descent of the decedent (for example, Italian, Mexican, Puerto Rican, English, and Cuban). The second format is directed specifi- cally oward the Hispanic population and asks whether the decedent is of Spanish origin.If so, the specific origin--for example, Mexican,Puerto Rican, or Cuban--is to be indicated. For 1986, mortality data in tables 1-33 and 2-18 are based on deaths to residents of all 22 reporting States and the District of Columbia. In tables 1-34, 2-19, 2-20, and 2-21 mortality data for the Hispanic-origin population are based on deaths to residents of 18 reporting States and the District of Columbia whose data were at least 90 percent complete and consi- dered to be sufficiently comparable to be used for analysis.The 18 States are Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Georgia, Hawaii,Illinois,New Jersey, Indiana,Kansas, Mississippi, Nebraska, New York (including New York City), North Dakota, Ohio, Texas, Utah, and Wyoming. Excluded from these tables are data for New Mexico because the format for the Hispanic item on the New Mexico death certificate departs sufficiently from that of other areas to result in noncomparable data. In addition, in tables 1-33 and 1-34 for New Mexico, no deaths are shown for the category "not stated" origin. Because of the way in which the item on the death certificate for New Mexico is worded, it was not possible to determine whether a blank entry represented a response of "non-Hispanic origin" or of "unknown origin." Accordingly, blank entries were coded to "non-Hispanic." The data for three other States--Maine, Nevada, and Tennessee--are excluded from tables 1-34, 2-19, 2-20, and 2-21 because of the large proportion of deaths (in excess of 10 percent) occurring in these States for which Hispanic origin was not stated or was unknown. In 1980, the 18 reporting States and the District of Columbia accounted for about 80 percent of the Hispanic population in the United States, including about 89 percent of the Mexican population, 78 percent of the Puerto Rican population, 34 percent of the Cuban population, and 68 percent of the "Other Hispanic" population (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1982a). Accordingly, caution should be exercised in generalizing mortality patterns from the reporting area to the Hispanic-origin population (especially Cubans) of the entire United States. For qualifications regarding infant mortality of the Hispanic-origin population, see "Infant deaths." Marital Status Mortality statistics by marital status (table 1-31) were published in 1979 for the first time since 1961. (Previously they had been published in the annual reports for the years 1949-51 and 1959-61.) Several reports analyzing mortality by marital status have been published,including the special study based on 1959-61 data (NCHS, 1970).Reference to earlier reports is given in the appendix of part B of the 1959-61 special study. Mortality statistics by marital status are tabulated separately for never married, married, widowed, and divorced. Certificates in which the marriage is specified as being annulled are classified as never married. Where marital status is specified as separated or common-law marriage, it is classified as married. Of the 2,049,203 resident deaths 15 years of age and over in 1986, 10,171 certificates(0.5 percent)had marital status not stated. Place of Death and Status of Decedent Mortality statistics by place of death were published in 1979 for the first time since 1958 (tables 1-28 and 1-29).In addition, mortality data were also available for the first time in 1979 for the status of decedent when death occurred in a hospital or medical center (table 1-28).These data were obtained from the following two items that appear on the U.S. Standard Certificate of Death: o Item 7c. Hospital or Other Institution--Name (If not in either, give street and number) o Item 7d. If Hosp. or Inst. Indicate DOA, OP/Emer. Rm., Inpatient (Specify) All of the States and the District of Columbia have item 7c (or its equivalent) on the death certificate. For all States and the District of Columbia in the Vital Statistics Cooperative Program, NCHS accepts the State definition, classification, or codes for hospitals, medical centers, or other institutions. Table 1-28 shows mortality data for the total of the following 43 States (including New York City) that have item 7d or its equivalent on their death certificates: Alaska Nevada Arizona New Hampshire Arkansas New Jersey Colorado New Mexico Connecticut New York Florida North Carolina Georgia North Dakota Hawaii Ohio Idaho Oregon Illinois Pennsylvania Indiana Rhode Island Iowa South Carolina Kansas South Dakota Kentucky Tennessee Louisiana Utah Maine Vermont Michigan Virginia Mississippi Washington Missouri West Virginia Montana Wisconsin Nebraska Wyoming Effective with data for 1980, the coding of place of death and status of decedent was changed. A new coding category was added: "Dead on arrival--hospital, clinic, medical center name not given." Deaths coded to this category are tabulated in table 1-28 as "Dead on arrival" and in table 1-29 as "Not in hospital or medical center." Had the 1979 coding categories been used, these deaths would have been tabulated as "Place unknown." Mortality by Month and Date of Death Deaths by month have been regularly tabulated and published in the annual report for each year beginning with data year 1900. For 1986, deaths by month are shown in tables 1-19, 1-20, 1-23, 1-30, 2-12, 2-13, 2-14, and 3-9. Date of death was first published for data year 1972. In addition, unpublished data for selected causes by date of death for 1962 are available from NCHS. Numbers of deaths by date of death in this report are shown in table 1-30 for the total number of deaths and for the number of deaths for the following three causes, for which the greatest interest in date of occurrence of death has been expressed: Motor vehicle accidents, Suicide, and Homicide and legal intervention. These data show the frequency distribution of deaths for the selected causes by day of week. They also make it possible to identify holidays with peak numbers of deaths from specified causes. Report of Autopsy Before 1972, the last year for which autopsy data were tabulated was 1958. Beginning in 1972, all registration areas requested information on the death certificate as to whether autopsies were performed.For 1986, autopsies were reported on 257,890 death certificates, 12.2 percent of the total (table 1-27). Information as to whether the autopsy findings were used in determining the causes of death was tabulated for 1972-73 for all but nine registration areas and from 1974-77 for all but eight registration areas.The item "autopsy findings used" was deleted from the 1978 U.S. Standard Certificate of Death. For eight of the cause-of-death categories shown in table 1-27, autopsies were reported as performed for 50 percent or more of all deaths (Whooping cough;Meningococcal infection;Pregnancy with abortive outcome;Other complications of pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium; Motor vehicle accidents; Suicide; Homicide and legal intervention; and All other external causes).There were three other categories for which 40 percent or more of the death certificates reported autopsies.Autopsies were reported for only 7.8 percent of the Major cardiovascular diseases. Cause of Death Cause-of-death classification--Since 1949, cause-of-death statistics have been based on the underlying cause of death, which is defined as "(a) the disease or injury which initiated the train of events leading directly to death, or (b) the circumstances of the accident or violence which produced the fatal injury" (World Health Organization, 1977). For each death the underlying cause is selected from an array of conditions reported in the medical certification section on the death certificate.This section provides a format for entering the causes of death in a sequential order.These conditions are translated into medical codes through use of the classification structure and selection and modification rules contained in the applicable revision of the International Classifi- cation of Diseases (ICD) published by the World Health Organization (WHO). Selection rules provide guidance for systematically identifying the underly- ing cause of death. Modification rules are intended to improve the usefulness of mortality statistics by giving preference to certain classification categories over others and/or to consolidate two or more conditions on the certificate into a single classification category. As a statistical datum, the underlying cause of death is a simple, one-dimensional statistic; it is conceptually easy to understand and a well-accepted measure of mortality. It identifies the initiating cause of death and is therefore most useful to public health officials in developing measures to prevent the start of the chain of events leading to death. The rules for selecting the underlying cause of death are included with the ICD as a means of standardizing classification, which contributes toward comparability and uniformity in mortality medical statistics among countries. Beginning with data year 1979, the cause-of-death statistics published by the National Center for Health Statistics have been classified according to the Ninth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9) (World Health Organization, 1977). In addition to specifying that the Classification be used, WHO also recommends how the data should be tabulated in order to promote international comparability.The recommended system for tabulating data in the Ninth Revision allows countries to construct their own mortality and morbidity tabulation lists from the rubrics of the WHO Basic Tabulation List as long as rubrics from the WHO mortality and morbidity lists, respectively, are included. This tabulation system for the Ninth Revision is more flexible than that of the Eighth Revision in which specific lists were recommended for tabulating mortality and morbidity data. The Basic Tabulation List (BTL) recommended under the Ninth Revision consists of 57 two-digit rubrics that add to the "all causes" total. Within each two-digit rubric, up to 9 three-digit rubrics numbered from 0 to 8 are identified, but these do not add to the total of the two-digit rubric. The two-digit rubrics of the BTL 01 through 46 provide for the tabulation of nonviolent deaths to ICD categories 001-799. Rubrics relating to chapter 17 (nature-of-injury causes 47 through 56) are not used by NCHS for selecting underlying cause of death; rather, preference is given to rubrics E47 through E56.The 57th two-digit rubric VO is the Supplementary Classification of Factors Influencing Health Status and Contact with Health Services and is not appropriate for the tabulation of mortality data.The WHO Mortality-List, a subset of the titles contained in the BTL, consists of 50 rubrics which are a minimum for the national display of mortality data. Five lists of causes have been developed for tabulation and publication of mortality data in this volume: The Each-Cause List, List of 282 Selected Causes of Death, List of 72 Selected Causes of Death, List of 61 Selected Causes of Infant Death, and List of 34 Selected Causes of Death. These lists were designed to be as comparable as possible with the NCHS lists more recently in use under the Eighth Revision.However, complete comparability could not always be achieved. The Each-Cause List is made up of each three-digit category of the WHO Detailed List to which deaths may be validly assigned and most four-digit subcategories. The list is used for tabulation for the entire United States. The published Each-Cause table does not show the four-digit subca- tegories provided for Motor vehicle accidents (E810-E825); however, these subcategories,which identify persons injured, are shown in the accident tables of this report (section 5).Special fifth-digit subcategories are also used in the accident tables to identify place of accident when deaths from nontransport accidents are shown. These are not shown in the Each-Cause table. The List of 282 Selected Causes of Death is constructed from BTL rubrics 01-46 and E47-E56. Each of the 56 BTL two-digit titles can be obtained either directly or by combining titles in the List.The three-digit level of the BTL is modified more extensively. Where more detail was desired, categories not shown in the three-digit rubrics were added to the List of 282 Selected Causes of Death. Where less detail was needed, the three-digit rubrics were combined. Moreover, each of the 50 rubrics of the WHO Mortality List can be obtained from the List of 282 Selected Cases of Death. The List of 72 Selected Causes of Death was constructed by combining titles in the List of 282 Selected Causes of Death.It is used in tables published for the United States and each State, and for standard metropolitan statistical areas. The List of 61 Selected Causes of Infant Death shows more detailed titles for Congenital anomalies and Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period than any other list except the Each-Cause List. The List of 34 Selected Causes of Death was created by combining titles in the List of 72 Selected Causes. A table using this list is published for detailed geographic areas. Effect of list revisions--The International Lists or adaptations of them, in use in this country since 1900, have been revised approximately every 10 years so that the disease classification may be consistent with advances in medical science and with changes in diagnostic practice. Each revision of the International Lists has produced some break in comparability of cause-of-death statistics. Cause-of-death statistics beginning with 1979 are classified by NCHS according to the ICD-9 (World Health Organization, 1977). For a discussion of each of the classifications used with death statistics since 1900, see the Technical Appendix in Vital Statistics of the United States, 1979, Volume II, Mortality, Part A, section 7, pages 9-14. A dual coding study was undertaken between the Ninth and the Eighth Revisions to measure the extent of discontinuity in cause-of-death statistics resulting from introducing the new Revision.An initial study for the List of 72 Selected Causes of Death and the List of 10 Selected Causes of Infant Death has been published (NCHS, 1980). The List of 10 Selected Causes of Infant Death is a basic NCHS tabulation list but is not used in this volume. Comparability studies were also undertaken between the Eighth and Seventh, Seventh and Sixth, and Sixth and Fifth Revisions. For additional information about these studies, again see the 1979 Technical Appendix. Significant coding changes during the Ninth Revision--Since the implementation of ICD-9 in the United States, effective with mortality data for 1979, several coding changes have been introduced. The more important changes will be discussed below. In early 1983, a change was made in the coding of Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Human immunodefi- ciency (HIV) infection, which affected data from 1981 onward.Also effective with data year 1981 was a coding change for poliomyelitis.For data year 1982, a change was made in the definition of child (which affects the classifica- tion of deaths to a number of categories, including Child battering and other maltreatment), and in guidelines for coding deaths to the category Child battering and other maltreatment (ICD No. E967).Detailed discussion of these changes may be found in the technical appendix for previous volumes. Coding in 1986--The rules for coding the 1986 mortality medical data remained essentially the same as in the previous year. Notable changes include classifying "primary" and "invasive" tumors, unspecified, as "malignant" beginning 1986. Previously, these neoplasms had been classified to Neoplasms of unspecified nature (ICD-9 No. 239). Medical certification--The use of a standard classification list, although essential for State, regional, and international comparison, does not assure strict comparability of the tabulated figures.A high degree of comparability between areas could be attained only if all records of cause of death were reported with equal accuracy and completeness. The medical certi- fication of cause of death can be made only by a qualified person, usually a physician, a medical examiner, or a coroner. Therefore, the reliability and accuracy of cause-of-death statistics are, to a large extent, governed by the ability of the certifier to make the proper diagnosis and by the care with which he or she records this information on the death certificate. A number of studies have been undertaken on the quality of medical certification on the death certificate. In general, these have been for relatively small samples and for limited geographic areas. A bibliography, prepared by NCHS (1982), covering 128 references over a period of 23 years indicates that no definitive conclusions have been reached about the quality of medical certification on the death certificate. No country has a well-defined program for systematically assessing the quality of medical certifications reported on death certificates or for measuring the error effects on the levels and trends of cause-of-death statistics. One index of the quality of reporting causes of death is the proportion of death certificates coded to the Ninth Revision Chapter XVI Symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions (ICD-9 Nos. 780-799). Although there are cases for which it is not possible to determine the cause of death, this proportion indicates the care and consideration given to the certification by the medical certifier.It may also be used as a rough measure of the specifi- city of the medical diagnoses made by the certifier in various areas.In 1986, 1.5 percent of all reported deaths in the United States were assigned to ill- defined or unknown causes.However, this percentage varied among the States, from 0.3 percent to 4.0 percent. Automated selection of underlying cause of death--Beginning with data year 1968, NCHS began using a computer system for assigning the underlying cause of death.It has been used every year since to select the underlying cause of death. The system is called "Automated Classification of Medical Entities" (ACME). The ACME system applies the same rules for selecting the underlying cause as applied manually by a nosologist; however, under this system, the computer consistently applies the same criteria, thus eliminating intercoder variation in this step of the process. The ACME computer program requires the coding of all conditions shown on the medical certification. These codes are matched automatically against decision tables that consistently select the underlying cause of death for each record according to the international rules. The decision tables provide the comprehensive relationships between the conditions classified by ICD when applying the rules of selection and modification. The decision tables were developed by NCHS staff on the basis of their experience in coding underlying causes of death under the earlier manual coding system and as a result of periodic independent validations. These tables are periodically updated to reflect additional new information on the relationship among medical conditions. For 1986, the content of these tables was identical to that in the 1985 table. Coding procedures for selecting the underlying cause of death by the ACME computer program, as well as the ACME decision tables, are documented in NCHS instruction manuals (NCHS, 1986a, 1986b, 1986c). Cause-of-death ranking--Cause-of-death ranking (except for infants) is based on the List of 72 Selected Causes of Death. Cause-of-death ranking for infants is based on the List of 61 Selected Causes of Infant Death.The group titles Major cardiovascular diseases and Symptoms, signs, and ill- defined conditions are not ranked from the List of 72 Selected Causes; and Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period and Symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions are not ranked from the List of 61 Selected Causes of Infant Death. In addition, category titles that begin with the words "Other" or "All other" are not ranked to determine the leading causes of death. When one of the titles that represents a subtotal is ranked (such as Tuberculosis),its component parts (in this case, Tuberculosis of respiratory system and Other tuberculosis) are not ranked. Maternal Deaths Maternal deaths are those for which the certifying physician has designated a maternal condition as the underlying cause of death.Maternal conditions are those assigned to Complications of pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium (ICD-9 Nos. 630-676).In the Ninth Revision, the World Health Organization (1977, p. 764) for the first time defined a maternal death as follows: A maternal death is defined as the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and the site of the pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or incidental causes. Under the Eighth Revision, maternal deaths were assigned to category title "Complications of pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium" (ICDA-8 Nos. 630-678).Although WHO did not define maternal mortality,there was an NCHS classification rule that limited a maternal death to a death within a year after termination of pregnancy from any "maternal cause," that is, any cause within the range of ICDA- Nos. 630-678. This rule applied only if a duration of time for the condition was given. If no duration was specified and the underlying cause of death was a maternal condition, then the duration was assumed to be within a year and the death was coded by NCHS as a maternal death. The change from an under-1-year limitation on duration used in the Eighth Revision to an under-42-days limitation used in the Ninth Revision is not expected to have much effect on the comparability of maternal mortality statistics. However, comparability is affected by the following classification change. Under the Ninth Revision, maternal causes have been expanded to include Indirect obstetric causes (ICD-9 Nos. 647-648).These causes include Infective and parasitic conditions and other current condi- tions in the mother that are classifiable elsewhere but which complicate pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium, such as Syphilis, Tuberculosis, Diabetes mellitus, Drug dependence, and Congenital cardiovascular disorders. Maternal mortality rates are computed on the basis of the number of live births. The maternal mortality rate indicates the likelihood that a pregnant woman will die from maternal causes.The number of live births used in the denominator is an approximation of the population of pregnant women who are at risk of a maternal death. Infant Deaths Age--An infant death is defined as a death under 1 year of age. The term excludes fetal deaths. Infant deaths are usually divided into two categories according to age, neonatal and postneonatal.Neonatal deaths are those that occur during the first 27 days of life, and postneonatal deaths are those that occur between 28 days and 1 year of age.It has generally been believed that different factors influencing the child's survival predominate in these two periods:Factors associated with prenatal development, heredity, and the birth process were considered dominant in the neonatal period; and environmental factors, such as nutrition, hygiene, and accidents, were considered more important in the postneonatal period. Recently, however, the distinction between these two periods has blurred due in part to advances in neonatology, which have enabled more very small, premature infants to survive the neonatal period. Rates--Infant mortality rates shown in section 2 and section 8 are the most commonly used index for measuring the risk of dying during the first year of life; they are calculated by dividing the number of infant deaths in a calendar year by the number of live births registered for the same period and are presented as rates per 1,000 or per 100,000 live births. Infant mortality rates use the number of live births in the denominator to approxi- mate the population at risk of dying before the first birthday. This measure is an approximation of the risk of dying in infancy because some of the live births will not have been exposed to a full year's risk of dying and some of the infants that die during a year will have been born in the previous year. The error introduced in the infant mortality rate by this inexactness is usually small, especially when the birth rate is relatively constant from year to year (Guralnick and Winter, 1965; NCHS, 1968a).Other sources of error in the infant mortality rate have been attributed to differences in applying the definitions for infant death and fetal death when registering the event (McCarthy, et al., 1980; National Office of Vital Statistics, 1947). In contrast to infant mortality rates based on live births, infant death rates shown in section 1 are based on the estimated population under 1 year of age.Infant death rates, which appear in tabulations of age-specific death rates, are calculated by dividing the number of infant deaths in a calendar year by the estimated midyear population of persons under 1 year of age and are presented as rates per 100,000 population in this age group.Patterns and trends in the infant death rate may differ somewhat from those of the more commonly used "infant mortality rate" mainly because of differences in the nature of the denominator and in the time reference period. Whereas the population denominator for the infant death rate is estimated using data on births, infant deaths, and migration for the 12-month period of July through June, the denominator for the infant mortality rate is a count of births occurring during the 12 months of January through December. The difference in the time reference period can result in different trends between the two indices during periods when birth rates are moving up or down markedly. In addition, the infant death rate is also subject to greater imprecision than is the infant mortality rate because of problems of enumerating and estimating the population under 1 year of age (National Office of Vital Statistics, 1947). Race--Infant mortality rates for specified races other than white or black may be underestimated, based on results of studies in which race on the birth and death certificates for the same infant were compared(Frost and Shy, 1980). The figures should be interpreted with caution because of possible inconsistencies in reporting of race between the numerator and denominator of the rates. This reflects differences in the nature of reporting and processing race on these two vital records.On the birth certificate, race of parents is reported by the mother at the time of delivery.On the death certificate, race of the deceased infant is reported by the funeral director based on observation or on information supplied by an informant, such as a parent. With respect to processing, race of infant at birth is coded using coding rules that take account of the race of each parent (see the Technical Appendix in Vital Statistics of the United States, 1986, Volume I, Natality, section entitled Race or national origin).For infant deaths, the race of child is coded directly from the race reported on the death certificate. Hispanic origin--Infant mortality rates for the Hispanic-origin population are based on numbers of resident infant deaths reported to be of Hispanic origin (see section "Hispanic origin") and numbers of resident live births by Hispanic origin of mother for the 18 reporting States and the District of Columbia.In computing infant mortality rates, deaths and live births of unknown origin are not distributed among the specified Hispanic and non-Hispanic groups. Because for 1986 the percent of deaths of unknown origin was 8.1 percent and the percent of live births of unknown origin was 3.1 percent, infant mortality rates by Hispanic origin may be somewhat underestimated. Small numbers of infant deaths for specific Hispanic-origin groups can result in infant mortality rates subject to relatively large random variation (see section "Random variation in numbers of deaths, death rates, and mortality rates and ratios"). Tabulation list--Causes of death for infants are tabulated according to a list of causes that is different from the list of causes for the population of all ages, except for the Each Cause List. (See section "Causes-of-death classification.") Fetal Deaths In May 1950 the World Health Organization recommended the following definition of fetal death be adopted for international use (National Office of Vital Statistics, 1950): Death prior to the complete expulsion or extraction from its mother of a product of conception, irrespective of the duration of pregnancy; the death is indicated by the fact that after such separation, the fetus does not breathe or show any other evidence of life such as beating of the heart, pulsation of the umbilical cord, or definite movement of voluntary muscles. The term "fetal death" was defined on an all-inclusive basis to end confusion arising from use of such terms as stillbirth, abortion, and miscarriage. Shortly thereafter, this definition of fetal death was adopted by the National Center for Health Statistics as the nationally recommended standard. Currently all registration areas except Puerto Rico have definitions similar to the standard definition. Puerto Rico has no formal definition. (For definitions used by the States and registration areas, see NCHS (1981).) As another step toward increasing the comparability of data on fetal deaths for different countries, the World Health Organization recommended that for statistical purposes fetal deaths be classified as early, intermediate, and late. These groups are defined as follows: Less than 20 completed weeks of gestation (early fetal deaths) ...................................... Group I 20 completed weeks of gestation but less than 28 (intermediate fetal deaths)........................ Group II 28 completed weeks of gestation and over (late fetal deaths) ....................................... Group III Gestation period not classifiable in Groups I, II, and III ..................................... Group IV Note that in table 3-13, Group IV consists of fetal deaths with gestation not stated but presumed to be 20 weeks or more gestation. Until 1939 the nationally recommended procedure for registration of a fetal death required the filing of both a live-bith and a death certificate. In 1939 a separate Standard Certificate of Stillbirth (fetal death) was created to replace the former procedure.This was revised in 1949, 1955, 1956, and 1968. In 1978 the Standard Certificate of Fetal Death was replaced by the Standard Report of Fetal Death (figure 7-B). The 1977 revision of the Model State Vital Statistics Act and Model State Vital Statistics Regulations (NCHS, 1978) recommended that spontaneous fetal deaths of 20 weeks or more gestation, or a weight of 350 grams or more, and all induced terminations of pregnancy regardless of gestational age be reported and further that they be reported on separate forms. These forms are to be considered legally required statistical reports rather than legal documents. Beginning with 1970 fetal deaths, procedures were implemented that attempted to separate reports of spontaneous fetal deaths from those of induced terminations of pregnancy. These procedures were implemented because the health implications are different for spontaneous fetal deaths and induced terminations of pregnancy. These procedures are still in use. Comparability and completeness of data--Registration area requirements for reporting fetal deaths vary. Most of these areas require reporting fetal deaths of gestations of 20 weeks or more. Table A shows the minimum period of gestation required by each State for fetal-death There is substantial evidence that not all fetal deaths for which reporting is required are reported (Gred, Pauli, an Kirby, 1987). Table A. Period of gestation at which fetal-death reporting is required: Each reporting area, 1986 / All periods / / / / of / / / 20 wks or Area / gestation / 16 weeks / 20 weeks / 350 grams Alabama / / / X / Alaska / / / X / Arizona / / / X** / Arkansas / X / / / California / / / X / Colorado / X / / / Connecticut / / / X / Delaware / / / X / District of Columbia / / / / Florida / / / X / Georgia / X / / / Hawaii / X / / / Idaho / / / / X Illinois / / / X / Indiana / / / X / Iowa / / / X / Kansas / / / / Kentucky / / / / X Louisiana / / / / X Maine / X / / / Maryland / / / X** / Massachusetts / / / / X Michigan / / / / Minnesota / / / X / Mississippi / / / / X Missouri / / / / X Montana / / / X / Nebraska / / / X / Nevada / / / X / New Hampshire / / / / X New Jersey / / / X / New Mexico / / / / New York / / / / NY excluding NYC / X / / / New York City / X / / / North Carolina / / / X / North Dakota / / / X / Ohio / / / X / Oklahoma / / / X / Oregon / / / X*** / Pennsylvania / / X / / Rhode Island / X / / / South Carolina / / / / X South Dakota / / / / Tennessee / / / / Texas / / / X / Utah / / / X / Vermont / / / X*****/ Virginia / X / / / Washington / / / X / West Virginia / / / X / Wisconsin / / / / X Wyoming / / / X / Table A. Period of gestation at which fetal-death reporting is required: Each reporting area, 1986 / 20 weeks / 20 weeks / / / / or / or / / 350 / 500 Area / 400 grams / 500 grams / 5 months / grams /grams Alabama / / / / / Alaska / / / / / Arizona / / / / / Arkansas / / / / / California / / / / / Colorado / / / / / Connecticut / / / / / Delaware / / / / / District of Columbia / / X / / / Florida / / / / / Georgia / / / / / Hawaii / / / / / Idaho / / / / / Illinois / / / / / Indiana / / / / / Iowa / / / / / Kansas / / / / X / Kentucky / / / / / Louisiana / / / / / Maine / / / / / Maryland / / / / / Massachusetts / / / / / Michigan / X / / / / Minnesota / / / / / Mississippi / / / / / Missouri / / / / / Montana / / / / / Nebraska / / / / / Nevada / / / / / New Hampshire / / / / / New Jersey / / / / / New Mexico / / / / / X New York / / / / / New York excluding NYC/ / / / / New York City / / / / / North Carolina / / / / / North Dakota / / / / / Ohio / / / / / Oklahoma / / / / / Oregon / / / / / Pennsylvania / / / / / Rhode Island / / / / / South Carolina / / / / / South Dakota / / / / / X Tennessee / / / / / X**** Texas / / / / / Utah / / / / / Vermont / / / / / Virginia / / / / / Washington / / / / / West Virginia / / / / / Wisconsin / / / / / Wyoming / / / / / * If gestational age is unknown, weight of 350 grams or more. ** If gestational age is unknown, weight of 500 grams or more. *** If gestational age is unknown, weight of 400 grams or more, or crown-heel length of 28 centimeters or more. **** If weight is unknown, 22 completed weeks' gestation or more. *****If gestational age is unknown, weight of 400 or more grams, 15 or more ounces. For registration areas not requiring the reporting of fetal deaths of all periods of gestation, underreporting is more likely to occur in the earlier gestational periods. This is illustrated by the fact that for most areas requiring reporting of fetal deaths of 20 weeks or more, the total number reported for 20-23 weeks is lower than the numbers reported for 24-27 and 28-31 weeks.For areas requiring the reporting of all fetal deaths, however, the opposite is generally true. To maximize the comparability of data by year and by State, most of the tables in section 3 are based on fetal deaths occurring at gestations of 20 weeks or more. These tables also include fetal deaths of not stated gestation for those States requiring reporting at 20 weeks or more only. Beginning with 1969,fetal deaths of not stated gestation were excluded for States requiring reporting of all products of conception except for those with a stated birth weight of 500 grams or more. In 1985 this rule was applied to the following States: Colorado, Georgia, Hawaii, New York (including New York City), Rhode Island, and Virginia. Each year there are some exceptions to this procedure. The data in Table 3-3 include only fetal deaths to residents of selected areas in the United States that report all periods of gestation. The areas are Colorado, Georgia, Hawaii, New York (including New York City), Rhode Island, and Virginia; excluded are fetal deaths to residents of Maine. Arkansas--Since 1971, Arkansas has been using two reporting forms for fetal deaths: A confidential Spontaneous Abortion form that is not sent to the National Center for Health Statistics and a Fetal Death Certificate that is.During the period 1971 through 1980, it is believed that most spontaneous fetal deaths of less than 20 weeks' gestation were reported on the confidential frm and, therefore, were not reported to NCHS.During the period 1981 through 1983, Arkansas specified that fetal deaths of less than 28 weeks' gestation or weighing less than 1,000 grams could be reported on the confidential form; beginning with 1984 data, the State specified that fetal deaths of 20 weeks' gestation or weighing 500 grams be reported on the Fetal Death Certificate. Because of these changes, the comparability of counts of early fetal deaths may be affected.In particular, counts of fetal deaths aged 20-27 weeks during 1981-83 were not comparable between Arkansas and other reporting areas nor with data for 1984 and 1985. It is believed that reporting has improved but is still not comparable with data for 1980 and earlier years. Idaho--Beginning in 1983, Idaho changed its reporting requirements for spontaneous fetal deaths from "after 20 weeks" to "after 20 weeks or a weight of 350 grams or more." Maine--Maine used two reporting forms for fetal deaths. A Report of Abortion (Spontaneous and Induced) and a Report of Fetal Death. Most spontaneous fetal deaths of less than 20 weeks' gestation are reported on the Report of Abortion and therefore, are excluded from fetal death counts in this volume. Missouri--Beginning in 1984, Missouri changed its reporting requirements for spontaneous fetal deaths from "after 20 weeks" to "after 20 weeks or a weight of 350 grams or more." Wisconsin-Beginning in 1986, Wisconsin changed its reporting requirements for spontaneous fetal deaths from "20 weeks" to "20 weeks or 350 grams." Period gestation--The period of gestation is the number of completed weeks elapsed between the first day of the last normal menstrual period and the date of delivery.The first day of the last normal menstrual period (LMP) is used as the initial date because it can be more accurately deter- mined than the date of conception, which usually occurs 2 weeks after LMP. Data on period of gestation are computed from information on "date of deli- very" and "date last normal menses began." If"date last normal menses began" is not on the record or the calculated gestation falls beyond a duration considered biologically plausible, "gestation in weeks" or "Physician's estimate of gestation" is used. When the period of gestation is reported in months on the report, it is allocated to gestational intervals in weeks as follows: 1-3 months to under 16 weeks 4 months to 16-19 weeks 5 months to 20-23 weeks 6 months to 24-27 weeks 7 months to 28-31 weeks 8 months to 32-35 weeks 9 months to 40 weeks 10 months and over to 43 weeks and over All areas reported LMP in 1986 except Delaware, New Mexico, Puerto Rico, and South Dakota. Birth weight--Most of the 55 registration areas do not specify how weight should be given, that is, in pounds and ounces or in grams. In the tabulation and presentation of birth weight data, the metric system (grams) has been used to facilitate comparison with other data published in the United States and internationally. Birth weight specified in pounds and ounces is assigned the equivalent of the gram intervals as follows: Less than 350 grams = 0 lb 12 oz or less 350 - 499 grams = 0 lb 13 oz- 1 lb 1 oz 500 - 999 grams = 1 lb 2 oz- 2 lb 3 oz 1,000 - 1,499 grams = 2 lb 4 oz- 3 lb 4 oz 1,500 - 1,999 grams = 3 lb 5 oz- 4 lb 6 oz 2,000 - 2,499 grams = 4 lb 7 oz- 5 lb 8 oz 2,500 - 2,999 grams = 5 lb 9 oz- 6 lb 9 oz 3,000 - 3,499 grams = 6 lb 10 oz- 7 lb 11 oz 3,500 - 3,999 grams = 7 lb 12 oz- 8 lb 13 oz 4,000 - 4,499 grams = 8 lb 14 oz- 9 lb 14 oz 4,500 - 4,999 grams = 9 lb 15 oz-ll lb 0 oz 5,000 grams or more = 11 lb 1 oz or more With the introduction of the Ninth Revision, International Classification of Diseases,the birth-weight classification intervals for perinatal mortality statistics were shifted downward by 1 gram, as shown above. Previously, the intervals were, for example, 1,001-1,500; 1,501-2,000; etc. Race--The race of the fetus is ordinarily classified based on the race of the parents. If the parents are of different races, the following rules apply.(1) When only one parent is white, the fetus is assigned the other parent's race.(2) When neither parent is white the fetus is assigned the father's race with one exception: If the mother is Hawaiian or Part-Hawaiian, the fetus is classified as Hawaiian. When the race of one parent is missing or ill defined, the race of the other determines that of the fetus. When race of both parents is missing, the race of the fetus is allocated to the specific race of the fetus on the preceding record. Total-birth order--Total-birth order refers to the sum of the live births and other terminations (including both spontaneous fetal deaths and induced terminations of pregnancy) that a woman has had including the fetal death being recorded.For example, if a woman has previously given birth to two live babies and to one born dead, the next fetal death to occur is counted as number four in total-birth order. In the 1978 revision of the Standard Report of Fetal Death, total-birth order is calculated from four items on pregnancy history: Number of previous live births, now living; number of previous live births, now dead; number of other terminations before 20 weeks; and number of other terminations after 20 weeks. All registration areas use the two standard items pertaining to the number of previous live births.Most areas use the two standard items pertaining to the number of "other terminations" before and after 20 weeks' gestation, but some areas use other criteria. Total-birth order for all areas is calculated from the sum of available information. Thus, information on total-birth order may not be completely comparable among the registration areas. Marital status--Table 3-4 shows fetal deaths and fetal-death ratios by mother's marital status. States excluded from this table are as follows: California, Connecticut, Maryland, Michigan, Montana, New York (including New York City), Ohio, Texas, and Vermont. Because live births comprise the denominator of the ratio, marital status must also be reported for mothers of live births. Marital status of the mother of the live birth is inferred for States that did not report it on the birth certificate. There are no quantitative data on the characteristics of unmarried women who may misreport their marital status or who fail to register fetal deaths. Underreporting may be greater for the unmarried group than for the married person. Age of mother--The fetal-death report asks for the mother's "age (at time of delivery)," and the ages are edited in NCHS for upper and lower limits. When mothers are reported to be under 10 years of age or 50 years and over, the age of the mother is considered not stated and is assigned as follows: Age on all fetal-death records with age of mother not stated is allocated according to the age appearing on the record previously processed for a mother of identical race and having the same total-birth order (total of live births and other terminations). Perinatal Mortality Perinatal definitions--Beginning with data year 1979, perinatal mortality data for the United States and each State have been published in section 4. The World Health Organization in the Ninth Revision of the International Classification of diseases (ICD-9) recommended that "national perinatal statistics should include all fetuses and infants delivered weighing at least 500 grams (or when birth weight is unavailable, the corresponding gestational age (22 weeks) or body length (25 cm crown-heel)), whether alive or dead...." It was further recommended that "countries should present, solely for international comparisons, 'standard perinatal stati- stics' in which both the numerator and denominator of all rates are restric- ted to fetuses and infants weighing 1,000 grams or more (or, where birth weight is unavailable, the corresponding gestational age (28 weeks) or body length (35 cm crown-heel))." Because birth weight and gestational age are not reported on the death certificate in the United States, NCHS was unable to recommend adopting these definitions. Three definitions of perinatal mortal- ity are currently used by NCHS: Perinatal Definition I, generally used for international comparisons, which includes fetal deaths of 28 weeks or more gestation and infant deaths of less than 7 days; Perinatal Definition II, which includes fetal deaths of 20 weeks or more gestation and infant deaths of less than 28 days; and Perinatal Definition III, which includes fetal deaths of 20 weeks or more gestation and infant deaths of less than 7 days. Variations in fetal death reporting requirements and practices have implications for comparing perinatal rates among States. Because reporting is generally poorer near the lower limit of the reporting requirement, States that require reporting of all products of pregnancy regardless of gestation are likely to have more complete reporting of fetal deaths of 20 weeks or more than are other States. The larger number of fetal deaths reported by these "all periods" States may result in higher perinatal rates compared with States whose reporting is less complete. Accordingly, reporting completeness may account, in part, for differences among the State perinatal rates, particularly differences for Definitions II and III, which use data for fetal deaths of 20-27 weeks. Not stated--Fetal deaths with gestational age not stated are presumed to be of 20 weeks' gestation or more if (1) the State requires reporting of all fetal deaths of gestational age 20 weeks or more or (2) the fetus weighed 500 grams or more,in those States requiring reporting of all fetal deaths regardless of gestational age. For Definition I, fetal deaths with gestation not stated but presumed to be 20 weeks or more are allocated to the category 28 weeks or more, according to the proportion of fetal deaths with stated gestational age that falls into that category. For Definitions II and III, fetal deaths with presumed gestation of 20 weeks or more are included with those of stated gestation of 20 weeks or more. For all three definitions, following the distribution of gestation not stated described above, fetal deaths with nonstated sex are allocated within gestational age groups on the basis of the distribution of stated cases. The allocation of non-stated gestational age and sex for fetal deaths is made individually for each State, for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, and separately for the United States as a whole. Accordingly, the sum of perinatal deaths for the areas according to Definition I may not equal the total number of perinatal deaths for the United States. Quality of Data Completeness of Registration All States have adopted laws that require the registration of births and deaths, and the reporting of fetal deaths. It is believed that over 99 percent of the births and deaths occurring in this country are registered. Reporting requirements for fetal deaths vary somewhat from State to State (see "Comparability and completeness of data"). Overall reporting completeness is not as good for fetal deaths as for births and deaths, but it is believed to be relatively complete for fetal deaths of 28 weeks gestation or more. National statistical data on fetal deaths include only those fetal deaths with stated or presumed gestation of 20 weeks or more. Massachusetts Data The 1964 statistics for deaths exclude approximately 6,000 events registered in Massachusetts, primarily to residents of that State. Microfilm copies of these records were not received by NCHS. Figures for the United States and the New England Division are also somewhat affected. Quality Control Procedures Demographic items on the death certificate--As previously indicated, for 1986 the mortality data for these items were obtained from two sources: (1) Microfilm images of the original certificates furnished by the Virgin Islands and photocopies from Guam; and (2) records on data tape furnished by the 50 States, the District of Columbia, New York City, and Puerto Rico. For the Virgin Islands and Guam, which sent only copies of the original certificates, the demographic items were coded for 100 percent of the death certificates. The demographic coding for 100 percent of the certificates was independently verified. As part of the quality control procedures for mortality data, each registration area has to go through a calibration period during which it must achieve the specified error tolerance level of 2 percent per item for 3 consecutive months, based on NCHS independent verification of a 50-percent sample of that area's records. Once the area has achieved the required error tolerance level, a sample of 70-80 records per month is used to monitor quality of coding. All of the areas that were providing data on computer tapes prior to 1986 had achieved the specified error tolerance; accordingly, for these areas the demographic items on about 70-80 records per area per month were independently verified by NCHS. The estimated average error rate for all demographic items in 1986 was 0.25 percent. These verification procedures involve controlling two types of error (coding and entering into the data record tape) at the same time, and the error rates are a combined measure of both types. While it may be assumed that the entering errors are randomly distributed across all items on the record, this assumption cannot be made as readily for coding errors. Although systematic errors in coding infrequent events may escape detection during sample verification, it is probable that some of these errors were detected during the initial period when 50 percent of the file was being verified, thus providing an opportunity to retrain the coders. Medical items on the death certificate--As for demographic data, mortality medical data are also subject to quality control procedures which control for errors of both coding and data entry. Each of the 22 registration areas that furnished NCHS with coded medical information according to NCHS specifications first had to qualify for sample verifica- tion. During an initial calibration period,the area had to demonstrate that its staff could achieve a specified error tolerance level of less than 5 percent for coding all medical items. After the area has achieved the required error tolerance level, a sample of 70-80 records per month is used to monitor quality of medical coding. For these 22 States, the average coding error rate in 1986 was estimated at just over 4 percent. For the remaining 33 registration areas--28 States, the District of Columbia, New York City, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Guam--NCHS coded the medical items for 100 percent of the death records.A 1-percent sample of the records was independently coded for quality control purposes. The estimated average error rate for these areas was about 3 percent. The ACME system for selecting the underlying cause of death through computer application contributes to the quality control of medical items on the death certificate. (See section "Automated selection of underlying cause of death.") Demographic items on the report of fetal death--For 1986, all data on fetal deaths, except for New York State (excluding New York City), were coded under contract by the U.S. Bureau of the Census. Coding and entering information on data tapes were verified on a 100-percent basis because of the relatively small number of records involved. Other Control Procedures--After coding and entering on data tape are completed, record counts are balanced against control totals for each shipment of records from a registration area. Editing procedures ensure that records with inconsistent or impossible codes are modified. Inconsistent codes are those, for example, where there is contradiction between cause of death and age or sex of the decedent. Records so identified during the computer-editing process are either corrected by reference to the source record or adjusted by arbitrary code assignment (NCHS, 1979). Further, conditions specified on a list of infrequent or rare causes of death need to be confirmed by the certifier or State Health Officer. For 1985 records, cryptosporidiosis was no longer confirmed by NCHS although this condition was still on the list of infrequent or rare causes of death through 1986. Because cryptosporidiosis has increased in frequency due to its association with the human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) infection, it is no longer considered infrequent. All subsequent operations in tabulating and in preparing tables are verified during the computer processing or by statistical clerks. Estimates of Errors Arising From 50-Percent Sample for 1972 Death statistics for 1972 in this report (excluding fetal-death statistics) are based on a 50-percent sample of all deaths occurring in the 50 States and the District of Columbia. A description of the sample design and a table of the percent errors of the estimated numbers of deaths by size of estimate and total deaths in the area are shown in the Technical Appendix of Vital Statistics of the United States, 1972, Volume II, Mortality, Part A. Computation of Rates and Other Measures Population Bases The population bases from which death rates shown in this report are computed are prepared by the U.S. Bureau of the Census. Rates for 1940, 1950, 1960, 1970, and 1980 are based on the population enumerated as of April 1 in the census of those years. Rates for all other years use the estimated midyear (July 1) population. Death rates for the United States, individual States, and SMSA's are based on the total resident populations of the respective areas. Except as noted these populations exclude the Armed Forces abroad but include the Armed Forces stationed in each area. The resident populations of the birth- and death-registration States for 1900-32 and of the United States for 1900-86 are shown in table 7-1. In addition, the population including Armed Forces abroad is shown for the United States. Table B lists the sources for these populations. Table B. Sources for resident population and population including Armed Forces abroad: Birth- and death-registration States, 1900-1932, and United States, 1900-1985 Year / Source / / 1986------------/ U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, / Series P-25, No. 1022, Mar. 1988. 1985------------/ U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, / Series P-25, No. 1000, Feb. 1987. 1984------------/ U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, / Series P-25, No. 985, Apr. 1986. 1983------------/ U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, / Series P-25, No. 965, Mar. 1985. 1982------------/ U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, / Series P-25, No. 949, May 1984. 1981------------/ U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, / Series P-25, No. 929, May 1983. 1980------------/ U.S. Bureau of the Census, U.S. Census of Population: 1980, / Number of Inhabitants, PC80-1-A1, United States Summary, / 1983. 1971-79---------/ U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, / Series P-25, No. 917, July 1982. 1970------------/ U.S. Bureau of the Census, U.S. Census of Population: 1970, / Number of Inhabitants, Final Report PC(1)-A1, / United States Summary, 1971. 1961-69---------/ U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, / Series P-25, No. 519, April 1974. 1960------------/ U.S. Bureau of the Census, U.S. Census of Population: 1960, / Number of Inhabitants, PC(1)-A1, United States Summary, / 1971. 1951-59---------/ U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, / Series P-25, No. 310, June 30, 1965. 1940-50---------/ U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, / Series P-25, No. 499, May 1973. 1930-39---------/ U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, / Series P-25, No. 499, May 1973, and National Office of / Vital Statistics, Vital Statistics Rates in the United / States, 1900-1940, 1947. 1920-29---------/ National Office of Vital Statistics, Vital Statistics Rates / in the United States, 1900-1940, 1947. 1917-19---------/ Same as for 1930-39. 1900-1916-------/ Same as for 1920-29. Population estimates for 1986--The population of the United States estimated by age, race, and sex for 1986 is shown in table 7-2, and the population for each State by broad age groups follows in table 7-3. Population estimates for 1984 and 1986 incorporate new estimation procedures for net migration and net undocumented immigration. The 1986 estimates are comparable with those for 1984-85 but are not strictly comparable with the postcensal estimates for 1981-83 shown in tables 7-2 and 7-3 of Vital Statistics of the United States, Volume II, for those years. Although the death rates and estimates of life expectancy for 1984 and 1984-86 are not strictly comparable with those for previous years, the trends for the total population and most age-race-sex groups are not substantially affected. For additional details, see the Technical Appendix in Vital Statistics of the United States, 1984, Volume II, and the report of the U.S. Bureau of the Census (1988). Population data by race are consistent with the modified (see below) 1980 population by race. Population for 1980--The population of the United States by age, race, and sex and the population for each State by age are shown in tables 7-2 and 7-3, respectively, of Vital Statistics of the United States, 1980, Volume II. The figures by race have been modified as described below. The racial counts in the 1980 census are affected by changes in reporting practices, particularly of the Hispanic population, and in coding and classifying. One particular change created a major inconsistency between the 1980 census data and historical data series, including censuses and vital statistics. About 40 percent of the Hispanic population counted in 1980, over 5.8 million persons, did not mark one of the specified races listed on the census questionnaire but instead marked the "Other" category. In the 1980 census, coding procedures were modified for persons who marked "Other" race and wrote in a national origin designation of a Latin American country or a specific Hispanic-origin group in response to the racial question. These persons remained in the "Other" racial category in 1980 census data; in previous censuses and in vital statistics such responses had almost always been coded into the "White" category. In order to maintain comparability, the "Other" racial category in the 1980 census was reallocated to be consistent with previous procedures. Persons who marked the "Other" racial category and reported any Spanish origin on the Spanish origin question (5,840,648 persons) were distributed to white and black races in proportion to the distribution of persons of Hispanic origin who actually reported their race as "White" or "Black." This was done for each age-sex group. As a result of this procedure, 5,705,155 persons (98 percent) were added to the white population and 135,493 persons (2 percent) to the black population. Persons who marked the "Other" racial category and reported that they were not of Spanish origin (916,338 persons) were distributed as fol- lows: 20 percent in each age-sex group were added to the "Asian and Pacific Islander" category (183,268 persons),and 80 percent were added to the "White" category (733,070 persons). The count of American Indians, Eskimos,and Aleuts was not affected by these procedures.Unpublished tabulations of these modi- fied census counts were obtained from the U.S. Bureau of the Census and used to compute the rates of this report. Population estimates for 1971-79--Death rates in this volume for 1971-79 used revised population estimates that are consistent with the 1980 census levels. The 1950 census enumerated approximately 5.5 million more persons than had previously been estimated for April 1, 1980 (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1982a). These revised estimates for the United States by age, race, and sex are published by the U.S. Bureau of the Census in Current Population Reports, Series P-25, Number 917. Unpublished revised estimates for States were obtained from the U.S. Bureau of the Census. For Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Guam, revised estimates are published in Current Popula- tion Reports, Series P-25, Number 919. Population estimates for 1961-69--Death rates in this volume for 1961-69 are based on revised estimates of the population and thus may differ slightly from rates published before 1976.The rates shown in tables 1-1 and 1-2, the life table values in table 6-5, and the population estimates in table 7-1 for each year in the period 1961-69 have been revised to reflect modified population bases, as published in the U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, Series P-25, Number 519. The data shown in table 1-10 for 1961-69 have not been revised. Rates and ratios based on live births--Infant and maternal mortality rates, and fetal death and perinatal mortality ratios, are computed on the basis of the number of live births. Fetal deaths and perinatal mortality rates are computed on the basis of the number of live births and fetal deaths. Counts of live births are published annually in Vital Statistics of the United States, Volume I, Natality. New Jersey--As previously indicated, data by race are not available for New Jersey for 1962 and 1963. Therefore, for 1962 and 1963 the National Center for Health Statistics estimated a population by age, race, and sex excluding New Jersey for rates shown by race.The methodology used to esti- mate the revised population excluding New Jersey is discussed in the Techni- cal Appendixes of the 1962 and 1963 reports. Net Census Undercount Just as the underenumeration of deaths and the misreporting of demographic characteristics on the death certificate can introduce error into the annual rates, so can enumeration errors in the latest decennial census. This is because annual population estimates for the postcensal interval, which are used in the denominator for calculating death rates, are computed using the decennial census count as a base (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1988). Net census undercount is the result of miscounting and misreporting of demographic characteristics such as age. Age-specific death rates are affected by both the net census undercount and the misreporting of age on the death certificate (NCHS, 1968b). To the extent that the net undercount is substantial and that it varies among subgroups and geographic areas, it may have important consequences for vital statistics measures. Although death rates based on a population adjusted for net census undercount may be more accurate than rates based on an unadjusted population, rates in this volume are not adjusted; rather, they are computed using population estimates that preserve the age pattern of the net census undercount across the postcensal interval. Thus, it is important to consider the possible impact of net census undercount on death rates. The U.S. Bureau of the Census has conducted extensive research on completeness of coverage on the U.S. population (inluding underenumeration and misstatement of age, race, and sex) in the last four decennial censuses--1950, 1960, 1970, and 1980. From this work have come estimates of the national population that was not counted by age, race, and sex (NCHS, 1978; U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1974, 1977). The reports for 1980 include estimates of net census undercount using alternative methodological assumptions for age, race, and sex subgroups of the national population(NCHS, 1978; Passel and Robinson, 1985).These studies indicate that, although coverage was improved over previous censuses, there was differential coverage in the 1980 census among the population subgroups; that is, some age, race, and sex groups were more completely counted than others. Net census undercounts can affect (1) levels of the observed vital rates, (2) differences among groups, and (3) levels and group differences shown by summary measures such as age-adjusted death rates and life expectancy. Levels and differentials--If adjustments were made for net census undercount, the size of denominators of the death rates generally would increase and the rates, therefore, would decrease. Assuming undercounts remained consistent by age after the 1980 census, the estimated rates for 1985 can be computed by multiplying the reported rates by ratios of the census-level resident population to the resident population adjusted for the estimated net census undercount (table 7-4). A ratio of less than 1.0 indicates a net census undercount and, when applied, results in a correspond- ing decrease in the death rate. A ratio greater than 1.0--indicating a net census overcount--multiplied by the reported rate results in an increase in the death rate. Coverage ratios for all ages show that, in general, females were more completely enumerated than males and the white population more completely than the population of all other races. The black population was undercounted relative to the total population of all other races. For the total population, underenumeration varied by age group with the greatest differences found for persons aged 8-34 and 85 years and over. All other age groups were overcounted or undercounted by less than 3 percent. Among the age-sex-race groups, coverage was lowest for black males aged 40-44 and 45-49 years.Underenumeration for these groups was 19 percent. In contrast, white females in these age groups were essentially completely enumerated. For black females and white males in these same age groups, the undercount ranged from 3 to 6 percent. For the under-1-year age group the white population was overenumerated by 2 percent, whereas infants of other races were underenumerated by 9 percent. If vital statistics measures were calculated with adjustments for net census undercounts for each population subgroup, the resulting rates would be differentially reduced from their original levels; that is, rates for those groups with the greatest estimated undercounts would show the greatest relative reductions due to these adjustments. Similar effects would be evident in the opposite direction for groups with overcounts.As a conse- quence, the ratio of mortality between the rates for males and females, and between the rates for the white population and the population of other races, or the black population, usually would be reduced. Similarly, the differences between the death rates among subgroups of the population by cause of death would be affected by adjustments for net census undercounts. For example, for the age group 35-39 years in 1980, the ratio of the death rate for Homicide and legal intervention for black males to that for white males is 7.3, whereas the ratio of the death rates adjusted for net census undercount is 6.2. For Ischemic heart disease for males aged 40-44 years, the ratio of the death rate for the population of all other races to that for the white population is 1.2 using the unadjusted rates but it is 1.1 when adjusted for estimated underenumeration. Summary measures--The effect of net census undercount on age-adjusted death rates depends on the underenumeration of each age group and on the distribution of deaths by age.Thus, the age-adjusted death rate in 1980 for All causes would decrease from 585.8 to 579.3 per 100,000 population if the age-specific death rates were corrected for net census undercount. For Diseases of the heart, the age-adjusted death rate for white males would decrease from 277.5 to 273.0 per 100,000 population, a decline of 1.3 percent. For black males the change, from an unadjusted rate of 327.3 to an adjusted rate of 308.3, would amount to 5.8 percent. If death rates by age were adjusted, then the corresponding life expectancy at birth computed from these rates would change.The importance of adjustments varies by age; that is, when calculating life expectancy, the impact of an undercount or overcount is greatest at the younger ages.In general, the effect of correcting the death rates is to increase the estimate of life expectancy at birth. Differential underenumeration among race-sex groups would lead to greater changes in life expectancy for some groups than for others.For white females who were completely enumerated in 1980, revised estimates of life expectancy would remain roughly constant; those for black males would show the greatest increase. Age-Adjusted Death Rates Age-adjusted death rates shown in this report are computed by using the distribution in 10-year age intervals of the enumerated populations of the United States in 1940 as the standard population. Each figure represents the rate that would have existed if the age-specific rates of the particular year prevailed in a population whose age distribution was the same as that of the United States in 1940. The rates for the total population and for each race-sex group were adjusted using the same standard population. It is important not to compare age-adjusted death rates with crude rates. The standard 1940 population, on the basis of one million total population is as follows: Age Number All ages ............................ 1,000,000 Under 1 year ............................ 15,343 1-4 years ............................... 64,718 5-14 years .............................. 170,355 15-24 years ............................. 181,677 25-34 years ............................. 162,066 35-44 years ............................. 139,237 45-54 years ............................. 117,811 55-64 years ............................. 80,294 65-74 years ............................. 48,426 75-84 years ............................. 17,303 85 years and over ....................... 2,770 Life Tables U.S. abridged life tables are constructed by reference to a standard table (NCHS, 1966). Life tables for the decennial period 1979-81 are used as the standard life tables in constructing the 1980-86 abridged life tables. With the availability of the 1979-81 standard life tables, revised life table values were computed for 1980-82; these appeared for the first time in Vital Statistics of the United States, 1983. Life tables for the decennial period 1969-71 are used as the standard life tables in constructing the 1970-79 abridged life tables. Life table values for 1970-73 were first revised in Vital Statistics of the United States, 1977; before 1977, life table values for 1970-73 were constructed using the 1959-61 decennial life tables. In addition, life table values for 1951-59, 1961-69, and 1971-79 appearing in this population are based on revised intercensal estimates of the population for those years. As such, these life table values may differ from life table values for those years published in previous volumes. The change in the population estimation methodology (see above section "Population bases") results in life expectancies at certain 5-year age intervals for 1984-86 that are lower than those that would have occurred had they been based on the same methodology used to compute 1983 life expectancies. For additional details, see Technical Appendix for Vital Statistics of the United States, 1984, Volume II. There has been an increasing interest in data on average length of life for single calendar years before the initiation of the annual abridged life table series for selected race-sex groups in 1945. The figures in table 6-5 for the race and sex groups for the following years were estimated to meet these needs. For estimating procedures, see National Office of Vital Statistics (1951). Years Race and Sex Groups 1900-45 .......................................... Total 1900-47 .......................................... Male 1900-47 .......................................... Female 1900-50 .......................................... White 1900-44 .......................................... White, male 1900-44 .......................................... White, female 1900-50 .......................................... All other 1900-44 .......................................... All other, male 1900-44 .......................................... All other, female The geographic areas covered in life tables before 1929-31 were limited to the death-registration areas. Life tables for 1900-1902 and 1909-11 were constructed using mortality data from the 1900 death-registration States--10 States and the District of Columbia--and for 1919-21 from the 1920 death-registration States--34 States and the District of Columbia. The tables for 1929-31 through 1958 cover the conterminous United States. Decennial life table values for the 3-year period 1959-61 were derived from data that include both Alaska and Hawaii for each year (table 6-4).Data for each year shown in table 6-5 include Alaska beginning in 1959 and Hawaii beginning in 1960.It is not believed that the inclusion of these two States materially affects life table values. Random Variation in # Deaths,Death Rates,Mortality Rates & Ratio Deaths and population-based rates--Except for 1972, the numbers of deaths reported for a community represent complete counts of such events.As such, they are not subject to sampling error, although they are subject to errors in the registration process. However, when the figures are used for analytical purposes, such as the comparison of rates over a time period or for different areas, the number of events that actually occurred may be considered as one of a large series of possible results that could have arisen under the same circumstances (National Office of Vital Statistics, 1961). The probable range of values may be estimated from the actual figures according to certain statistical assumptions. In general, distributions of vital events may be assumed to follow the binomial distribution. Estimates of standard error and tests of significance under this assumption are described in most standard statistics texts. When the number of events is large, the standard error, expressed as a percent of the number of rate is usually small. When the number of events is small (perhaps less than 100) and the probability of such an event is small, considerable caution must be observed in interpreting the conditions described by the figures.This is particularly true for infant mortality rates, cause-specific death rates, and death rates for counties. Events of a rare nature may be assumed to follow a Poison probability distribution. For this distribution, a simple approximation may be used to estimate a confidence interval, as follows: If N is the number of registered deaths in the population and R is the corresponding rate, the chances are 19 in 20 that: 1. N + or - 2 (SQRT N) covers the "true" number of events. 2. R + or - 2 (R/SQRT N) covers the "true" rate. If the rate R corresponding to N events is compared with the rate S corresponding to M events, the difference between the two rates may be regarded as statistically significant if it exceeds 2{SQRT{((r**2)/N) + ((S**2)/M)}} For example, if the observed death rate for Community A were 10.0 per 1,000 population and if this rate were based on 20 recorded deaths, then the chances are 19 in 20 that the "true" death rate for that community lies between 5.5 and 14.5 per 1,000 population.If the death rate for Community A of 10.0 per 1,000 population were being compared with a rate of 20.0 per 1,000 population for Community B; which is based on 10 recorded deaths, then the difference between the rates for the two communities is 10.0.This difference is less than twice the standard error of the difference 2 {SQRT{((10.0**2/20) + (20.0**2/10)}} of the two rates that is computed to be 13.4. From this, it is concluded that the difference between the rates for the two communities is not statistically significant. Symbols Used in Tables SYMBOLS USED IN TABLES Data not available -------------------------------------------- --- Category not applicable --------------------------------------- ... Quantity zero ------------------------------------------------- - Quantity more than zero but less than 0.05 -------------------- 0.0 Quantity more than zero but less than 500 where numbers are rounded to thousands ---------------------------- Z Figure does not meet standards of reliability or precision ---- * REFERENCES 1. Frost, F., and K.K. Shy. 1980. Racial differences between linked birth and infant death records in Washington State. Am J. Public Health 70:974-6. 2. Gred, A.E., R. M. Pauli, R. S. Kirby. 1987. Accuracy of fetal death reports: Comparison with data from an independent stillbirth assessment program. Am J. Public Health 77:1202-1206. 3. Guralnick, L., and E. D. 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Series P-23, No. 65. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. 29. U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1982a. Coverage of the national population in the 1980 census by age, sex, and race. Preliminary estimates by demographic analysis. Current Population Reports. Series P-23, No. 115. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. 30. U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1982b. 1980 Census of Population. Persons of Spanish Origin by State, 1980. Supplementary Report, PC80-S1-7. Washington, D.C. 31. U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1986. Estimates of the population of the United States, by age, sex, and race. 1980 to 1986. Current Population Reports. Series P-25, No. 1000. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. 32. U.S. Office of Management and Budget. 1975. Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas, rev. ed. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. 33. U.S. Office of Management and Budget. 1981a. Standard metropolitan statistical areas and standard consolidated areas. Statistical Reporter. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. 34. U.S. Office of Management and Budget. 1981b. 36 new standard metropolitan statistical areas. Statistical Reporter. Washington: U.S. Goernment Printing Office. 35. World Health Organization. 1977. Manual of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries, and Causes of Death, Based on the Recommendations of the Ninth Revision Conference. 1975. Geneva: World Health Organization. Tables 7-1. Pop. Birth- & Death-Registration States,1900-32,U.S.,1900-8 Table 7-1. Population of Birth- and Death-Registration States, 1900-1932, and United States, 1900-1986 (Population enumerated as of April 1 for 1940, 1950, 1960, 1970, and 1980 and estimated as of July 1 for all other years) United States(1) Year Population including Population residing Armed Forces abroad in area 1986......... 241,613,000 241,096,000 1985......... 239,283,000 238,741,000 1984......... 237,019,000 236,495,000 1983......... 234,538,000 234,023,000 1982......... 232,309,000 231,786,000 1981......... 229,849,000 229,348,000 1980......... 227,061,000 226,545,805 1979......... 225,055,000 224,567,000 1978......... 222,585,000 222,095,000 1977......... 220,239,000 219,760,000 1976......... 218,035,000 217,563,000 1975......... 215,973,000 215,465,000 1974......... 213,854,000 213,342,000 1973......... 211,909,000 211,357,000 1972......... 209,896,000 209,284,000 1971......... 207,661,000 206,827,000 1970......... 204,270,000 203,211,926 1969......... 202,677,000 201,385,000 1968......... 200,706,000 199,399,000 1967......... 198,712,000 197,457,000 1966......... 196,560,000 195,576,000 1965......... 194,303,000 193,526,000 1964......... 191,889,000 191,141,000 1963......... 189,242,000 188,483,000 1962......... 186,538,000 185,771,000 1961......... 183,691,000 182,992,000 1960......... 179,933,000 179,323,175 1959......... 177,264,000 176,513,000 1958......... 174,141,000 173,320,000 1957......... 171,274,000 170,371,000 1956......... 168,221,000 167,306,000 1955......... 165,275,000 164,308,000 1954......... 162,391,000 161,164,000 1953......... 159,565,000 158,242,000 1952......... 156,954,000 155,687,000 1951......... 154,287,000 153,310,000 1950......... 151,132,000 150,697,361 1949......... 149,188,000 148,665,000 1948......... 146,631,000 146,093,000 1947......... 144,126,000 143,446,000 1946......... 141,389,000 140,054,000 1945......... 139,928,000 132,481,000 1944......... 138,397,000 132,885,000 1943......... 136,739,000 134,245,000 1942......... 134,860,000 133,920,000 1941......... 133,402,000 133,121,000 1940......... 131,820,000 131,669,275 1939......... 131,028,000 130,879,718 1938......... 129,969,000 129,824,939 1937......... 128,961,000 128,824,829 1936......... 128,181,000 128,053,180 1935......... 127,362,000 127,250,232 1934......... 126,485,000 126,373,773 1933......... 125,690,000 125,578,763 1932......... 124,949,000 124,840,471 1931......... 124,149,000 124,039,648 1930......... 123,188,000 123,076,741 1929......... --- 121,769,939 1928......... --- 120,501,115 1927......... --- 119,038,062 1926......... --- 117,399,225 1925......... --- 115,831,963 1924......... --- 114,113,463 1923......... --- 111,949,945 1922......... --- 110,054,778 1921......... --- 108,541,489 1920......... --- 106,466,420 1919......... 105,063,000 104,512,110 1918......... 104,550,000 103,202,801 1917......... 103,414,000 103,265,913 1916......... --- 101,965,984 1915......... --- 100,549,013 1914......... --- 99,117,567 1913......... --- 97,226,814 1912......... --- 95,331,300 1911......... --- 93,867,814 1910......... --- 92,406,536 1909......... --- 90,491,525 1908......... --- 88,708,976 1907......... --- 87,000,271 1906......... --- 85,436,556 1905......... --- 83,819,666 1904......... --- 82,164,974 1903......... --- 80,632,152 1902......... --- 79,160,196 1901......... --- 77,585,128 1900......... --- 76,094,134 Birth-registration Death-registration States States Number of Population Number of Population States residing States residing in area in area ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 47 118,903,899 47 118,903,899 46 117,455,229 47 118,148,987 46 116,544,946 47 117,238,278 46 115,317,450 46 115,317,450 44 113,636,160 44 113,636,160 40 104,320,830 42 107,084,532 35 90,400,590 41 103,822,683 33 88,294,564 40 102,031,555 33 87,000,295 39 99,318,098 30 81,072,123 38 96,788,197 30 79,560,746 37 92,702,901 27 70,807,090 34 87,814,447 23 63,597,307 34 86,079,263 22 61,212,076 33 83,157,982 20 55,153,782 30 79,008,412 20 55,197,952 27 70,234,775 11 32,944,013 26 66,971,177 10 31,096,697 24 61,894,847 ... ... 24 60,963,309 ... ... 23 58,156,740 ... ... 22 54,847,700 ... ... 22 53,929,644 ... ... 20 47,470,437 ... ... 18 44,223,513 ... ... 17 38,634,759 ... ... 15 34,552,837 ... ... 15 33,782,288 ... ... 10 21,767,980 ... ... 10 21,332,076 ... ... 10 20,943,222 ... ... 10 20,582,907 ... ... 10 20,237,453 ... ... 10 19,965,446 7-2. Est. Pop. of U.S., by 5-Yr. Age Groups, Sex: July 1, 1986 Table 7-2. Estimated Population of the United States, by 5-Year Age Groups, Race, and Sex: July 1, 1986 {Figures include Armed Forces stationed in the United States & exclude those stationed outside the United States. Due to rounding to the near- est thousand, detailed figures may not add to totals} All races Age Both sexes Male Female All ages 241,096,000 117,365,000 123,730,000 Under 1 year 3,768,000 1,928,000 1,840,000 1-4 years 14,384,000 7,360,000 7,023,000 5-9 years 17,295,000 8,851,000 8,444,000 10-14 years 16,565,000 8,487,000 8,078,000 15-19 years 18,610,000 9,483,000 9,128,000 20-24 years 20,411,000 10,228,000 10,183,000 25-29 years 22,005,000 11,023,000 10,982,000 30-34 years 20,774,000 10,367,000 10,407,000 35-39 years 18,723,000 9,256,000 9,467,000 40-44 years 14,347,000 7,031,000 7,316,000 45-49 years 11,926,000 5,816,000 6,110,000 50-54 years 10,889,000 5,261,000 5,628,000 55-59 years 11,271,000 5,360,000 5,911,000 60-64 years 10,961,000 5,096,000 5,865,000 65-69 years 9,662,000 4,377,000 5,285,000 70-74 years 7,670,000 3,270,000 4,400,000 75-79 years 5,638,000 2,200,000 3,438,000 80-84 years 3,422,000 1,186,000 2,236,000 85 years & over 2,776,000 786,000 1,990,000 White Age Both sexes Male Female All ages 204,312,000 99,810,000 104,501,000 Under 1 year 3,051,000 1,565,000 1,486,000 1-4 years 11,647,000 5,973,000 5,674,000 5-9 years 13,975,000 7,171,000 6,803,000 10-14 years 13,341,000 6,849,000 6,492,000 15-19 years 15,205,000 7,757,000 7,448,000 20-24 years 16,944,000 8,532,000 8,413,000 25-29 years 18,497,000 9,347,000 9,150,000 30-34 years 17,548,000 8,846,000 8,702,000 35-39 years 16,059,000 8,028,000 8,031,000 40-44 years 12,410,000 6,144,000 6,266,000 45-49 years 10,273,000 5,060,000 5,213,000 50-54 years 9,430,000 9,603,000 4,826,000 55-59 years 9,903,000 4,742,000 5,161,000 60-64 years 9,737,000 4,548,000 5,190,000 65-69 years 8,635,000 3,928,000 4,707,000 70-74 years 6,899,000 2,948,000 3,950,000 75-79 years 5,092,000 1,982,000 3,111,000 80-84 years 3,135,000 1,080,000 2,055,000 85 years & over 2,531,000 706,000 1,825,000 All other Total Age Both sexes Male Female All ages 36,784,000 17,555,000 19,229,000 Under 1 year 717,000 363,000 354,000 1-4 years 2,737,000 1,388,000 1,349,000 5-9 years 3,320,000 1,680,000 1,640,000 10-14 years 3,224,000 1,638,000 1,586,000 15-19 years 3,405,000 1,725,000 1,679,000 20-24 years 3,467,000 1,697,000 1,770,000 25-29 years 3,508,000 1,676,000 1,832,000 30-34 years 3,225,000 1,520,000 1,705,000 35-39 years 2,664,000 1,228,000 1,436,000 40-44 years 1,937,000 887,000 1,050,000 45-49 years 1,654,000 756,000 898,000 50-54 years 1,459,000 658,000 801,000 55-59 years 1,368,000 618,000 751,000 60-64 years 1,224,000 548,000 676,000 65-69 years 1,027,000 449,000 578,000 70-74 years 771,000 322,000 449,000 75-79 years 546,000 218,000 327,000 80-84 years 286,000 106,000 181,000 85 years & over 245,000 80,000 165,000 All other Black Age Both sexes Male Female All ages 29,306,000 13,892,000 15,413,000 Under 1 year 573,000 289,000 283,000 1-4 years 2,149,000 1,091,000 1,058,000 5-9 years 2,673,000 1,354,000 1,319,000 10-14 years 2,591,000 1,313,000 1,277,000 15-19 years 2,784,000 1,401,000 1,383,000 20-24 years 2,813,000 1,358,000 1,454,000 25-29 years 2,794,000 1,325,000 1,469,000 30-34 years 2,491,000 1,163,000 1,328,000 35-39 years 2,036,000 931,000 1,105,000 40-44 years 1,463,000 662,000 801,000 45-49 years 1,282,000 575,000 707,000 50-54 years 1,157,000 517,000 640,000 55-59 years 1,108,000 504,000 604,000 60-64 years 998,000 447,000 551,000 65-69 years 850,000 370,000 480,000 70-74 years 641,000 263,000 378,000 75-79 years 453,000 176,000 277,000 80-84 years 239,000 86,000 153,000 85 years & over 211,000 67,000 145,000 7-3. Pop.,by Age,U.S.,Division/State,Puerto Rico,Virgin Is.,Guam Table 7-3. Estimated Population, by Age, for the United States, Each Division and State, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, and Guam: July 1, 1986 {Figures include Armed Forces stationed in each area, and exclude Armed Forces stationed outside the United States. Due to rounding to the nearest thousand, detailed figures may not add to totals} Division and State Total Under 5 years 5-19 years United States 241,096,000 18,152,000 52,470,000 Geographic divisions: New England 12,742,000 850,000 2,583,000 Middle Atlantic 37,313,000 2,515,000 7,698,000 East North Central 41,722,000 3,061,000 9,358,000 West North Central 17,569,000 1,331,000 3,814,000 South Atlantic 40,938,000 2,890,000 8,626,000 East South Central 15,200,000 1,103,000 3,550,000 West South Central 26,864,000 2,332,000 6,313,000 Mountain 12,982,000 1,145,000 3,008,000 Pacific 35,763,000 2,925,000 7,520,000 New England: Maine 1,172,000 82,000 258,000 New Hampshire 1,027,000 73,000 220,000 Vermont 541,000 40,000 118,000 Massachusetts 5,834,000 382,000 1,145,000 Rhode Island 975,000 63,000 195,000 Connecticut 3,193,000 210,000 647,000 Middle Atlantic: New York 17,795,000 1,234,000 3,691,000 New Jersey 7,625,000 501,000 1,567,000 Pennsylvania 11,894,000 780,000 2,440,000 East North Central: Ohio 10,748,000 778,000 2,402,000 Indiana 5,503,000 393,000 1,256,000 Illinois 11,551,000 871,000 2,534,000 Michigan 9,139,000 662,000 2,104,000 Wisconsin 4,783,000 357,000 1,062,000 West North Central: Minnesota 4,213,000 324,000 913,000 Iowa 2,850,000 203,000 628,000 Missouri 5,064,000 370,000 1,088,000 North Dakota 679,000 57,000 153,000 South Dakota 708,000 59,000 159,000 Nebraska 1,598,000 125,000 349,000 Kansas 2,459,000 193,000 524,000 South Atlantic: Delaware 633,000 46,000 135,000 Maryland 4,461,000 324,000 931,000 District of Columbia 625,000 46,000 108,000 Virginia 5,795,000 410,000 1,217,000 West Virginia 1,917,000 122,000 441,000 North Carolina 6,331,000 433,000 1,396,000 South Carolina 3,381,000 256,000 793,000 Georgia 6,100,000 469,000 1,442,000 Florida 11,694,000 784,000 2,163,000 East South Central: Kentucky 3,726,000 264,000 863,000 Tennessee 4,800,000 327,000 1,069,000 Alabama 4,050,000 295,000 947,000 Mississippi 2,624,000 217,000 671,000 West South Central: Arkansas 2,371,000 173,000 545,000 Louisiana 4,499,000 396,000 1,087,000 Oklahoma 3,306,000 266,000 733,000 Texas 16,689,000 1,497,000 3,948,000 Mountain: Montana 817,000 67,000 186,000 Idaho 1,002,000 87,000 254,000 Wyoming 507,000 47,000 122,000 Colorado 3,266,000 267,000 695,000 New Mexico 1,479,000 135,000 355,000 Arizona 3,279,000 280,000 718,000 Utah 1,664,000 188,000 483,000 Nevada 967,000 74,000 195,000 Pacific: Washington 4,463,000 339,000 946,000 Oregon 2,702,000 193,000 573,000 California 27,001,000 2,243,000 5,644,000 Alaska 532,000 60,000 128,000 Hawaii 1,065,000 90,000 229,000 Puerto Rico 3,274,000 --- --- Virgin Islands 109,500 --- --- Guam 126,000 --- --- Division and State 20-44 years 45-64 years 65 years & over United States 96,260,000 45,047,000 29,168,000 Geographic divisions: New England 5,156,000 2,460,000 1,693,000 Middle Atlantic 14,399,000 7,713,000 4,989,000 East North Central 16,431,000 7,848,000 5,024,000 West North Central 6,853,000 3,200,000 2,371,000 South Atlantic 16,236,000 7,937,000 5,249,000 East South Central 5,914,000 2,785,000 1,848,000 West South Central 10,822,000 4,598,000 2,800,000 Mountain 5,343,000 2,149,000 1,339,000 Pacific 15,106,000 6,355,000 3,858,000 New England: Maine 458,000 218,000 156,000 New Hampshire 431,000 185,000 119,000 Vermont 227,000 92,000 64,000 Massachusetts 2,396,000 1,120,000 791,000 Rhode Island 385,000 189,000 142,000 Connecticut 1,259,000 656,000 421,000 Middle Atlantic: New York 6,934,000 3,654,000 2,282,000 New Jersey 2,964,000 1,618,000 976,000 Pennsylvania 4,501,000 2,441,000 1,731,000 East North Central: Ohio 4,159,000 2,088,000 1,320,000 Indiana 2,169,000 1,027,000 657,000 Illinois 4,576,000 2,185,000 1,385,000 Michigan 3,648,000 1,688,000 1,038,000 Wisconsin 1,879,000 860,000 624,000 West North Central: Minnesota 1,707,000 742,000 526,000 Iowa 1,087,000 516,000 416,000 Missouri 1,942,000 970,000 694,000 North Dakota 268,000 112,000 88,000 South Dakota 265,000 126,000 98,000 Nebraska 620,000 286,000 218,000 Kansas 964,000 448,000 331,000 South Atlantic: Delaware 256,000 125,000 72,000 Maryland 1,862,000 872,000 472,000 District of Columbia 276,000 119,000 76,000 Virginia 2,466,000 1,097,000 605,000 West Virginia 731,000 363,000 261,000 North Carolina 2,560,000 1,211,000 731,000 South Carolina 1,378,000 600,000 355,000 Georgia 2,497,000 1,084,000 607,000 Florida 4,210,000 2,466,000 2,070,000 East South Central: Kentucky 1,471,000 679,000 450,000 Tennessee 1,904,000 911,000 589,000 Alabama 1,566,000 746,000 495,000 Mississippi 973,000 449,000 314,000 West South Central: Arkansas 870,000 440,000 343,000 Louisiana 1,803,000 751,000 462,000 Oklahoma 1,301,000 595,000 411,000 Texas 6,848,000 2,812,000 1,584,000 Mountain: Montana 324,000 142,000 99,000 Idaho 391,000 157,000 112,000 Wyoming 226,000 70,000 43,000 Colorado 1,466,000 542,000 295,000 New Mexico 589,000 256,000 145,000 Arizona 1,287,000 584,000 411,000 Utah 643,000 216,000 134,000 Nevada 417,000 182,000 100,000 Pacific: Washington 1,904,000 754,000 520,000 Oregon 1,124,000 451,000 362,000 California 11,383,000 4,877,000 2,854,000 Alaska 247,000 79,000 18,000 Hawaii 448,000 194,000 104,000 Puerto Rico --- --- --- Virgin Islands --- --- --- Guam --- --- --- 1Excludes Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, and Guam. SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of the Census: "Current Population Reports," Series P-25. Nos. 1009 and 1024, and unpublished data. 7-4. Ratio Census-Level Resident Pop. by Age,Sex,Race:Apr 1, 198 Table 7-4. Ratio of Census-Level Resident Population Adjusted for Estimated Net Census Undercount by Age, Sex, and Race: April 1, 1980 All races Age Both sexes Male Female All ages 0.9862 0.9763 0.9958 Under 5 years 0.9806 0.9800 0.9812 Under 1 year 1.0025 1.0019 1.0031 1-4 years .9747 .9754 .9926 5-14 years .9917 .9916 .9919 5-9 years .9852 .9846 .9859 10-14 years .9978 .9982 .9974 15-24 years .9921 .9846 .9999 15-19 years 1.0011 .9988 1.0034 20-24 years .9834 .9706 .9879 25-34 years .9793 .9629 .9961 25-29 years .9742 .9581 .9908 30-34 years .9850 .9683 1.0020 35-44 years .9761 .9575 .9947 35-39 years .9776 .9597 .9955 40-44 years .9743 .9549 .9937 45-54 years .9784 .9589 .9973 45-49 years .9734 .9538 .9926 50-54 years .9831 .9638 1.0017 55-64 years .9900 .9735 1.0049 55-59 years .9884 .9692 1.0060 60-64 years .9919 .9786 1.0037 65-74 years 1.0092 1.0044 1.0129 65-69 years 1.0131 1.0051 1.0195 70-74 years 1.0042 1.0034 1.0047 75-84 years .9851 .9937 .9800 75-79 years 1.0014 1.0053 .9990 80-84 years .9595 .9735 .9522 85 years and over .9540 .9792 .9440 White Age Both sexes Male Female All ages 0.9916 0.9839 0.9990 Under 5 years 0.9993 0.9988 0.9998 Under 1 year 1.0246 1.0245 1.0246 1-4 years .9926 .9920 .9932 5-14 years .9981 .9982 .9980 5-9 years .9957 .9955 .9960 10-14 years 1.0003 1.0008 .9998 15-24 years .9940 .9871 1.0011 15-19 years 1.0003 .9976 1.0030 20-24 years .9879 .9769 .9993 25-34 years .9850 .9722 .9980 25-29 years .9799 .9673 .9929 30-34 years .9905 .9778 1.0036 35-44 years .9855 .9719 .9992 35-39 years .9860 .9730 .9991 40-44 years .9849 .9706 .9992 45-54 years .9862 .9723 .9998 45-49 years .9828 .9690 .9967 50-54 years .9894 .9755 1.0027 55-64 years .9926 .9783 1.0057 55-59 years .9921 .9755 1.0075 60-64 years .9932 .9815 1.0036 65-74 years 1.0055 1.0011 1.0087 65-69 years 1.0086 1.0016 1.0141 70-74 years 1.0016 1.0005 1.0021 75-84 years .9844 .9918 .9804 75-79 years .9974 .9997 .9959 80-84 years .9643 .9780 .9578 85 years and over .9558 .9760 .9467 All other Total Age Both sexes Male Female All ages 0.9543 0.9309 0.9765 Under 5 years 0.9024 0.8998 0.9051 Under 1 year .9112 .9057 .9169 1-4 years .9000 .8982 .9019 5-14 years .9626 .9614 .9638 5-9 years .9393 .9370 .9416 10-14 years .9858 .9858 .9859 15-24 years .9823 .9711 .9937 15-19 years 1.0051 1.0052 1.0055 20-24 years .9590 .9354 .9819 25-34 years .9466 .9059 .9852 25-29 years .9422 .9040 .9786 30-34 years .9519 .9081 .9931 35-44 years .9183 .8665 .9680 35-39 years .9248 .8743 .9736 40-44 years .9107 .8576 .9614 45-54 years .9247 .8648 .9803 45-49 years .9124 .8544 .9669 50-54 years .9377 .8759 .9945 55-64 years .9678 .9329 .9983 55-59 years .9577 .9178 .9935 60-64 years .9804 .9523 1.0041 65-74 years 1.0439 1.0357 1.0515 65-69 years 1.0548 1.0391 1.0672 70-74 years 1.0293 1.0309 1.0309 75-84 years .9917 1.0168 .9758 75-79 years 1.0428 1.0601 1.0313 80-84 years .9059 .9380 .8873 85 years and over .9393 .9961 .9057 All other Black Age Both sexes Male Female All ages 0.9392 0.9103 0.9669 Under 5 years 0.9047 0.9018 0.9077 Under 1 year .9205 .9149 .9262 1-4 years .9004 .8982 .9027 5-14 years .9603 .9591 .9623 5-9 years .9393 .9370 .9424 10-14 years .9808 .9807 .9816 15-24 years .9689 .9526 .9850 15-19 years .9980 .9958 1.0001 20-24 years .9390 .9076 .9696 25-34 years .9181 .8670 .9676 25-29 years .9168 .8695 .9628 30-34 years .9197 .8638 .9735 35-44 years .8882 .8235 .9501 35-39 years .8968 .8322 .9588 40-44 years .8782 .8135 .9401 45-54 years .8976 .8272 .9644 45-49 years .8833 .8139 .9497 50-54 years .9125 .8413 .9796 55-64 years .9514 .9094 .9882 55-59 years .9388 .8913 .9815 60-64 years .9669 .9324 .9962 65-74 years 1.0372 1.0235 1.0473 65-69 years 1.0494 1.0290 1.0651 70-74 years 1.0207 1.0158 1.0243 75-84 years .9689 .9955 .9527 75-79 years 1.0235 1.0405 1.0128 80-84 years .8780 .9150 .8572 85 years and over .9089 .9638 .8837 SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of the Census: "Current Population Reports," Series P-25, No. 985. Appendix H - Variance Estimates for Major NMFS Populations Statistical Design of the NMFS NMFS Sampling Plan The NMFS sampling frame was the Current Mortality Sample (CMS). The CMS is a systematic 10 percent sample of all deaths in the Nation, received each month by the 50 States, District of Columbia, and the independent registration area of New York City and transmitted to the National Center for Health Stati- stics. The NMFS is based on a stratified sample of CMS death certificates for 1986 decedents who were residents of the United States. The NMFS over- sampled death certificates for younger decedents, black decedents who were American Indian, Eskimo or Aleut, and those with selected causes of death (see Table 1). Oregon was not included in the 1986 NMFS due to that State's requirements concerning respondent consent. There was no adjustment made for the omission of Oregon from the survey. Thus, the NMFS data are represen- tative of deaths in the United States, excluding those in Oregon. Oregon typically accounts for approximately 1 percent of deaths to persons 25 years of age or more in the United States. NMFS Estimation Procedure Probability sampling allows the NMFS data to be weighted to produce national estimates for the U.S. excluding Oregon. It also allows approximation of the sampling errors. Derivation of estimates from the NMFS require that the design of the survey be taken into consideration. The estimates presented in reports from the NMFS data are based upon 1986 sample person counts weighted to produce estimates for the U.S. excluding Oregon. The weight for each sample is the product of three component weights: (1) Probability of selection. The basic weight for each sample decedent is the reciprocal of the probability of sample selection. (2) Adjustment for nonresponse. In a attempt to reduce nonresponse bias, the NMFS sampling weights are adjusted for nonresponse. This adjustment was implemented within subsets of the sampling strata and was the reciprocal of the response rate within the subset. This adjustment reduces nonresponse bias to the extent that data for a nonrespondent is similar to data for respondents in these adjustment classes. (3) Poststratification by age, sex, and race. Within poststrata defined by decedent age, sex, and race (see table III), the NMFS estimates were ratio-adjusted to counts for the number of deaths reported to the National Vital Registration System for the U.S. excluding the state of Oregon. This adjustment makes the sample more representative of the target population by age, sex, and race. Standard Error The standard error of an estimate is primarily a measure of the variability that occurs by chance (the sampling error) because a sample of the population rather than the total population is surveyed. While the standard errors calculated for the NMFS estimates reflect some of the random variation inherent in the measurement process, they do not measure any systematic errror. In repeated samples, using the same questionnaires and procedures, the chances are about 68 in 100 that an estimate from the sample differs by less than one standard error from the corresponding figure that would be obtained through a survey of all death certificates for decedents aged 25 or more. The chances are about 95 in 100 that an estimate from the sample differs by less than two standard errors from the figure that would be obtained through a survey of all death certificates for decedents. The standard error of a statistic depends not only on the sampling design but on the statistic itself; the standard error is higher for measurements that are highly variable from one sample unit to another and lower for measurements that are less variable. Because the standard errors for survey statistics are estimated from sample data, they are themselves subject to sampling error, which may be large in some cases. Estimation of Standard Error The standard errors for the NMFS were estimated by a balanced- repeated-replication procedure using 20 replicate half samples. This proce- dure estimates the standard errors for survey estimates through the observation of the variability of estimates based on replicate half samples of the total sample. This estimation procedure was developed and described by McCarthy. Standard Error Approximation The balanced-repeated-replication procedure can be used to calculate directly the standard error and the relative standard error for all estimates from the NMFS. However, this procedure is not practical or feasible for all users of these data. The balanced-repeated-replication procedure was therefore used to develop a generalized procedure for approxi- mating the relative standard errors for NMFS estimates. Relative standard errors were calculated using the balanced- repeated-replication procedure for several thousand estimates from the overall NMFS analysis plans. Samples of 100 NNS aggregate estimates were selected from domains defined by decedent age and race. Each sample was then used to calculate the parameters for the formula RSE(x) = A + (B/x) denominator of a ratio is the estimated total number of deaths in a post- stratification cell or in a combination of such cells, the relative standard error of the numerator. Thus, the approximate standard errors may be cal- culated using the formulas RSE(r) = RSE(x/y) = RSE(x) and SE(r) = r * RSE(x), where r = ratio or proportion, x = numerator of the ration, y = denominator of the ration with negligible error, RSE(r) = relative standard error of r, SE(r) = standard error of r and RSE(x) = relative standard error of x. Example: An estimated 30.4 percent (254,540) decedents aged 70-84 (836,443) were admitted to a nursing home. The number of decedents aged 70-84 is a combination of the poststratification cells specified in table III. Therefore, RSE(30.4) = RSE(254,540/836,443) = RSE (254,540) = 0.024 and SE(30.4) = 30.4 * 0.024 = 0.7 (3) Standard errors for percentage estimates where both the numerator and the denominator are subject to sampling error - The formulas used to approximate the standard error for a percentage estimate where both the numerator and denominator are subject to sampling error are RSE(p) = RSE(100x/y) = (B/p * (100 - p)/y and SE(p) = p * RSE(p), where B = parameter from table II Eighteen pairs of A and B parameters for this formula were adequate to approximate the relative standard error for aggregate NMFS estimates. (See table II). The standard error of an estimate can be obtained by multiplying the relative standard error of the estimate by the estimate itself. Standard Error Applications (1) Standard error for aggregate estimates - The approximate standard error of an estimated number of decedents with a particular characteristic, x, is calculated by RSE(x) = A + (B/x) and SE(x) = x * RSE(x) where x = estimated number of decedents A,B = parameters from table * RSE(x) = relative standard error of x, and SE(x) = standard error of x These formulas are not appropriate for estimates of the total number of decedents in a poststratification cell or in a combination of such cells because these estimates have negligible error. Since each poststratum total of the number of death certificates for non-blacks is dominated by the number of death certificates for white decedents, consider the number of death certificates for white decedents in one or more non-black postrata as being subject to negligible error. Example: Based on the NMFS, it is estimated that 254,540 decedents aged 70-84 were admitted to a nursing home. The standard error of this estimate is calculated as follows: RSE(254,540) = 1 -0.000219 + (200.749692/254,540) = 0.024 and SE(254,540) = 0.024 * 254.540 = 6109 (2) Standard error for ratios or proportions where the denominator is assumed to have negligible error - Where the p = 100 * x/y, the estimated percentage, x = estimated number of deaths in the numerator of the percentage, y = estimated number of deaths in the denominator of the percentage, RSE(p) = relative standard error of p, SE(p) = standard error p and or K. Example: An estimated 80.7 percent of all decedents who ever smoked (1,088,094) did so for 10 years or more RSE(80.7) = (173.472799/80.7)(100-80.7)/1088094 = 0.006 and SE(80.7) = 80.7 * 0.006 = .5 This approximation of the absolute or relative standard error of a percentage is valid if either the relative standard error of the denominator is less than 5 percent, the relative standard errors of the numerator and the denominator are both less than 10 percent, or both. Testing Differences in the NMFS The standard error of a difference between two statistics is approximately the square root of the sum of the squares of the standard errors of the individual statistics. This formulation of the standard error of the difference of two statistics quite accurately approximates the standard error for the difference between uncorrelated statistics; however, it only roughly approximates the standard error in most other cases. Although the exact number of degrees of freedom in the NMFS sampling variances is not known, the number of degrees of freedom may be approximated by the pseudo strata used in the balanced-repeated-replication procedure. Accordingly, hypotheses about differences between estimates are tested using 20 degrees of freedom for the one-or two-tailed t-test as appropriate. Example: 12.0 percent of the 878,281 decedents who smoked for 10 years or more died of malignant neoplasm of respiratory and intrathoric organs and 1.2 percent of the 827,899 decedents who never smoked died of malignant neoplasms of respiratory and intrathoric organs. To test, whether this difference is significant at the 0.05 level, compute t = (12.0 - 1.2) / {12.0 * RSE(12.0)}2 + {1.2 * RSE(1.2)}2 = (12.0 -1.2) / {12.0 * 0.038}2 + {1.2 * 0.131} = 22.4 The two-tailed 0.05 critical value for a t-statistic with 20 degrees of freedom is 2.086. Accordingly, the difference is significant at the 0.05 level. Rule for estimating standard error for a percentage of a subdomain whoe members were selected with certainty (e.g., American Indians) from the NMFS sampling frame (i.e., the Current Mortality Sample) for the NMFS sample SE(p) = 11.2 p (100 - p)/y p = 100 x/y, the estimated percentage x = the estimated number of decedents in the numerator of the percentage y = the estimated number of decedents in the denominator of the percentage. The above describes a generalized variance function approach for approxi- mating the standard errors for NMFS data. This approach takes into account the NMFS stratified sampling plan and its complex estimation procedure. If one instead were to estimate standard errors for NMFS data by using equations assuming a simple random sample design, one would usually under- estimate the standard errors for NMFS data. The NMFS oversampled death certificates for decedents other than nonblacks aged 55 or older. Some subdomains were substantially oversampled. To more directly approximate the standard error for NMFS statistics, one can use computer programs that take these design features into account. For example, to estimate sampling variances the balanced repeated repli- cation approach is used in OSIRIS IV (by Computer Support Group, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan). To estimate sampling variances, the linearization approach is used in SESUDAAN (Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC) and its recently available revision SUDAAN. SUDAAN is designed to handle a post- stratified estimator, such as that used in the NMFS. For the linearization approach, use for the sampling stratum the first two digits (TL601/602) or the weighting stratum (TL601/603) on the survey record. Table I. Strata in the 1986 NMFS Reciprocal of the Probability of Stratum Age Race Sex Cause Selection 011 25-34 Am. Indian, Aleut, M/F All 10.00 and Eskimo 012 35-44 Am. Indian, Aleut, M/F All 10.00 and Eskimo 013 45-54 Am. Indian, Aleut, M/F All 10.00 and Eskimo 014 55-64 Am. Indian, Aleut, M/F All 10.00 and Eskimo 015 65-74 Am. Indian, Aleut, M/F All 10.00 and Eskimo 016 75-84 Am. Indian, Aleut, M/F All 10.00 and Eskimo 017 85+ Am. Indian, Aleut, M/F All 10.00 and Eskimo 021 25-44 Black M/F Specified Heart 10.00 Disease 022 25-34 NonBlack M/F Specified Heart 10.00 Disease 024 35-44 NonBlack M/F Specified Heart 10.00 Disease 025 45-54 Black F Specified Heart 10.00 Disease 026 45-54 NonBlack F Specified Heart 10.00 Disease 031 25+ Black M/F Specified Asthma 10.00 032 25-64 NonBlack M/F Specified Asthma 10.00 033 65+ NonBlack M/F Specified Asthma 10.00 TABLE I. Strata in the 1986 NMFS (continued) Reciprocal of the Probability of Stratum Age Race Sex Cause Selection 041 Specified Cancer 25-64 White M/F Nasopharynx 10.00 25-49 All F Liver 10.00 25-74 All M Breast 10.00 25-39 White M Lip and Oral 10.00 25-74 White M/F Small Intestine 10.00 25-74 White M Nasal 10.00 25-64 White M/F Other Endocrine 10.00 051 25-34 Black M/F Non-External 32.45 C.O.D. 052 25-34 Black M/F External C.O.D. 32.45 061 35-44 Black M/F Non-External 36.78 C.O.D. 062 35-44 Black M/F External C.O.D. 36.78 071 45-54 Black M/F All 52.86 081 55-64 Black M/F All 52.76 091 65-74 Black M/F All 52.76 100 75-84 Black M/F All 52.76 110 85+ Black M/F All 52.86 TABLE I. Strata in the 1986 NMFS (continued) Reciprocal of the Probability of Stratum Age Race Sex Cause Selection 121 25-34 NonBlack M/F Non-External 32.45 C.O.D. 122 25-34 NonBlack M/F External C.O.D. 32.45 131 35-44 NonBlack M/F Non-External 36.78 C.O.D. 132 35-44 NonBlack M/F External C.O.D. 36.78 141 45-54 NonBlack M/F Non-External 79.08 C.O.D. 142 45-54 NonBlack M/F External C.O.D. 79.08 151 55-64 NonBlack M/F Non-External 185.12 C.O.D. 152 55-64 NonBlack M/F External C.O.D. 185.12 161 65-74 NonBlack M/F Non-External 185.12 C.O.D. 162 65-74 NonBlack M/F External C.O.D. 185.12 171 75-84 NonBlack M/F Non-External 185.12 C.O.D. 172 75-84 NonBlack M/F External C.O.D. 185.12 180 85+ NonBlack M/F All 185.12 Table II. Est. Standard Error Parameters for the NMFS, 1986 Table II. Estimated standard error parameters for the National Mortality Followback Survey, 1986. Domain of study Parameters A B All decedents -.000088 173.472799 Decedents aged 25-34 -.000725 40.250787 Decedents aged 35-54 -.000306 57.187500 Decedents aged 55-69 -.000325 189.139047 Decedents aged 70-84 -.000219 200.749692 Decedents aged 85 or more -.000430 181.208646 All Black decedents -.000250 57.315899 Black decedents aged 25-34 -.002721 36.923295 Black decedents aged 35-54 -.001278 48.883512 Black decedents aged 55-69 -.000863 64.860422 Black decedents aged 70-84 -.000688 59.820841 Black decedents aged 85 or more -.001911 54.630073 All other decedents -.000106 184.663690 Other decedents aged 25-34 -.000948 39.640859 Other decedents aged 35-54 -.000419 62.024668 Other decedents aged 55-69 -.000411 214.015461 Other decedents aged 70-84 -.000253 211.433987 Other decedents aged 85 or more -.000484 190.261795 NOTE: The sample consisted of 18,733 decedents; completed questionnaires were obtained for 16,598 persons. Table III. Poststrata Based on 1986 Deaths for U.S. Excl. Oregon Table III. Poststrata based on 1986 deaths for the U.S. excluding Oregon AGE 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85+ TOTAL Black Male 9588 10743 13808 24185 30281 24323 10363 123291 Female 4090 5524 8807 16958 24788 26417 18123 104707 NonBlack Male 31223 35740 57841 146403 249435 255061 130749 906542 Female 11071 17710 33604 88707 175514 262802 263003 852411 TOTAL 55972 69717 114060 276253 480018 568603 422238 1986861
