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Table 3. Number Needed to Screen for Prediabetes to Prevent 1 Case of Diabetes after 3 Yearsa

Prevalence of IGT or IFG Patient Population Lifestyle Intervention to Prevent 1 Case of Diabetes (Screening 1000 People with Given Prevalence)b Metformin to Prevent 1 Case of Diabetes (Screening 1000 People with Given Prevalence)c
Increase in Persons Adhering to Intervention, % Cases of Diabetes Delayed, n NNS Increase in Persons Adhering to Intervention, % Cases of Diabetes Delayed, n NNS
15.0% IGT only, total U.S. populationd 50 4.79 209 50 2.56 391
90 8.61 116 90 4.60 217
26.0% IFG only, total U.S. populatione 50 8.29 121 50 4.43 226
90 14.93 67 90 7.98 125
40.0% Estimate IFG and/or IGTf 50 12.76 78 50 6.82 147
90 22.97 44 90 12.28 81

a  IFG = impaired fasting glucose; IGT = impaired glucose tolerance; NNS = number needed to screen.
b  Relative risk reduction, 58%; 38% achieved weight loss goal of 7% at end of 3-year follow-up (intention-to-treat analysis); control rate, 11%. Data from the Diabetes Prevention Program.36
c  Relative risk reduction, 31% with adherence rates (> 80% of medications taken); 77% in control group; 72% in intervention group. Data from the Diabetes Prevention Program.36
d  Based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1994 data.2
e  Prevalence data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2002 (1): IFG, 5.5–6.93 mmol/L (100–126 mg/dL).
f  From National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, 1994 data (http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/statistics).

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