Screening Adults for Type 2 Diabetes: A Review of the Evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: Table 2

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Table 2. Number Needed to Screen for Type 2 Diabetes to Prevent 1 Adverse Event after 5 Years of Additional Treatment^a

Prevalence of Undiagnosed Disease	Patient Population	Tight Glycemic Control to Prevent 1 Case of Blindness in 1 Eye (Screening 1000 People with Given Prevalence)			Tight Blood Pressure Control to Prevent 1 CVD Event (Screening 1000 Hypertensive People with Given Prevalence)
Prevalence of Undiagnosed Disease	Patient Population	Increase in Persons with Tight Glycemic Control, %	Cases of Blindness Averted, n^b	NNS	Increase in Persons with Tight Blood Pressure Control, %	CVD Events Averted, n^c	NNS
2.8%	Standardized prevalence in U.S.^c	50	0.06	16,420	50	0.53	1,905
2.8%	Standardized prevalence in U.S.^c	90	0.11	9,122	90	0.95	1,058
3.6%	Standardized prevalence in U.S. non-Hispanic black persons^c	50	0.08	12,771	50	0.68	1,481
3.6%		90	0.14	7,095	90	1.22	823
6.0%	Prevalence estimated for previous review	50	0.13	7,663	50	1.13	889
6.0%	Prevalence estimated for previous review	90	0.23	4,257	90	2.03	494

^a CVD = cardiovascular disease; NNS = number needed to screen.
^b Relative risk reduction, 0.29 over 5 years; rate of blindness in no-treatment group, 1.5% over 5 years. Data on incidence of retinal photocoagulation in 1 eye from the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study.⁶²
^c Relative risk reduction of 0.50 over 5 years; 5-year incidence in usual treatment group, 7.5%. Data from the Hypertension Optimal Treatment trial.⁶⁶

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Table 2. Number Needed to Screen for Type 2 Diabetes to Prevent 1 Adverse Event after 5 Years of Additional Treatmenta

Table 2. Number Needed to Screen for Type 2 Diabetes to Prevent 1 Adverse Event after 5 Years of Additional Treatment^a