Universal Newborn Hearing Screening: Systematic Review to Update the 2001 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation: Table 3

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Table 3: Yield of Screening in a Hypothetical Cohort of 10,000 Newborns for Moderate-to-Profound PCHL

Relevant Factors	Proportions or Rates	Hypothetical Model
Relevant Factors	Proportions or Rates	UNHS	High-Risk Screening*
Assumptions
Proportion high risk¹⁵	0.0800	-	-
Prevalence¹	-	-	-
High-risk group	0.0800	-	-
Average risk group	0.0800	-	-
Miss rate for UNHS (proportion not screened in hospital; estimate)	-	-	-
In high risk	0.0500	-	-
In average risk	0.0500	-	-
Follow-up rate for misses	0.9000	-	-
Miss rate for high-risk screening⁶⁶	0.2300	-	-
Follow-up rate for misses	0.0000	-	-
Sensitivity of 2-stage screening¹⁵	0.9200	-	-
Specificity of 2-stage screening¹⁵	0.9900	-	-
Compliance with follow-up (estimate)	0.9000	-	-
Accuracy of diagnostic ABR¹	-	-	-
Sensitivity	1.0000	-	-
Specificity	0.9950	-	-
Proportion of average-risk diagnosed by 3 mo without screening (estimate)	0.1000	-	-
Results
Target group for screening	-	10,000	800
No. of infants screened	-	9500	616
High risk	-	760	616
Average risk	-	8740	0
High-risk cases in screened group	-	6	5
Average risk cases in screened group	-	7	0
Cases diagnosed by 3 mo	-	11 to 12	4 to 5
High-risk cases missed by screening	-	< 1	1 to 2
Average risk cases missed by screening	-	< 1	7
Total no. of cases	-	13	13
False-positive screening test results	-	86	6
Normal infants incorrectly diagnosed to have PCHL at first posthospital audiologic examination	-	< 1	< 1
NNS to diagnose 1 case	-	878	178
NNS to diagnose 1 additional case by 3 mo	-	1333	NA

NA indicates not applicable

*High risk was defined by risk factors (family history of hearing impairment, perinatal infection, low birth weight, anatomical deformity, birth asphyxia, chromosomal abnormality, and exchange transfusion).

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