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Table 1: Descriptive Studies of UNHS Follow-up

Source Program Description Age Screened No. of Cases Proportion High Risk Age Referred Age at First Follow-up Age Diagnosed Age Enrolled in Programs Age of Hearing Aid Fitting
Uus and Bamford,17 2006, United Kingdom 169,487 infants at 23 sites in the first phase of a national UNHS program in 2001–2003. Well newborns had OAE, then ABR if needed; NICU newborns had both tests. Referred >40 dB hearing level Before hospital discharge 169 54% with risk factorsa At screening Well infants: median age 4 wk; NICU: 9 wk Well infants: median age 10 wk; NICU: 13 wk Median age 10 wk for education services Well infants: median age 14 wk; NICU: 24 wk
Joseph et al.,46 2003, Singapore UNHS of 4387 newborns in 1999-2001 at 1 hospital using OAE; positives were rescreened at ~2 wk, and again at 6 wk if needed; referred if specific criteria not met Most within 24 hr 8 38% high risk Those who tested positive at 6 wk were referred for formal evaluation NR 7 of 8 by 7 mo Interventions in place by 9 mo for 4 NR
Bailey et al,47 2002 Australia UNHS of 12 708 newborns in 5 hospitals in 2000-2001 using OAE and ABR if needed; referred at >35 dB hearing level Before hospital discharge 9 5 NICU; 8 with risk factors NR NR NR NR 6 had hearing aids by 6 mo; 1 at 19 mo
Mehl and Thomson,9 2002, Colorado Colorado Newborn Hearing Screening Project screened 148,240 newborns in 1992-1999; ABR in 52 hospitals; OAE in 3 hospitals; 2-stage screening in 2 hospitals; referred at >35-dB hearing level in 1 or both ears Before hospital discharge 291 (71% bilateral) 47% with risk factors Median age 21 mo NR NR NR NR
Dalzell et al,18 2000, New York UNHS of 43,311 newborns in 8 hospitals in New York state in 1995-1996 with OAE and ABR if needed; referred >20-dB hearing level Before hospital discharge 85 61% NICU; 67% with risk factors NR NR Median: 3 mo of age: younger for well infants and for severe or profound impairment Median: 3 mo Median: age 7.5 mo
Wessex UNHS Trial Group,16 1998, United Kingdom UNHS arm of the Wessex Trial including 25,609 newborns screened in 1993-1996 with OAE and ABR if needed; referred at >40-dB hearing level Within 48 hr 23 41% special care units; 74% had risk factors All by 6 mo of age NR 67% by 10 mo 63% by 10 mo NR

a Risk factors include NICU for >48 hours, family history of hearing impairment, and craniofacial anomaly.

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