Illustrative Case in the Model | Age at Diagnosis, (y) | Results per True Diabetes Case | Results per Person Screened | Cost/ QALY ($) |
|||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lifetime Cumulative Incidence (%) | Life-Yearsa | QALYsb | Lifetime Costs ($)a | Life-Years Gaineda | QALYs Gainedb | ||||||||||||
ESRD | LEA | Blind | Stroke | CHD | Screen & Diagnostic Testing | Diab. Treatment | Diab. Intervention | Diab. Complications | Total | ||||||||
Screen at 35 y | (onset at 30 y) | ||||||||||||||||
W/o screening | 40 | 25.30 | 40.18 | 12.32 | 13.08 | 21.86 | 33.27 | 19.73 | 0 | 1,012 | 920 | 2,619 | 4,551 | ||||
W/ screening | 35 | 24.68 | 40.27 | 12.41 | 13.24 | 21.51 | 33.45 | 19.81 | 25 | 1,174 | 1,149 | 2,569 | 4,917 | ||||
Screening effect | -0.62 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.16 | -0.35 | 0.18 | 0.08 | 25 | 162 | 229 | -50 | 366 | 0.010 | 0.004 | 87,096 | ||
Screen at 45 y | (onset at 40 y) | ||||||||||||||||
W/o screening | 50 | 14.90 | 27.64 | 8.72 | 15.12 | 26.13 | 26.20 | 16.84 | 0 | 830 | 758 | 1,827 | 3,415 | ||||
W/ screening | 45 | 14.57 | 27.92 | 8.87 | 15.40 | 24.67 | 26.49 | 17.00 | 25 | 999 | 999 | 1,798 | 3,820 | ||||
Screening effect | -0.33 | 0.28 | 0.15 | 0.28 | -1.46 | 0.30 | 0.16 | 25 | 169 | 241 | -29 | 405 | 0.016 | 0.008 | 46,881 | ||
Screen at 55 y | (onset at 50 y) | ||||||||||||||||
W/o screening | 60 | 6.50 | 15.10 | 5.15 | 15.38 | 29.93 | 18.90 | 13.23 | 0 | 941 | 858 | 1,884 | 3,682 | ||||
W/ screening | 55 | 6.39 | 15.40 | 5.29 | 15.76 | 27.40 | 19.24 | 13.44 | 25 | 1,187 | 1,221 | 1,859 | 4,292 | ||||
Screening effect | -0.11 | 0.3 | 0.14 | 0.38 | -2.53 | 0.35 | 0.22 | 25 | 246 | 363 | -25 | 610 | 0.029 | 0.018 | 34,375 | ||
Screen at 65 y | (onset at 60 y) | ||||||||||||||||
W/o screening | 70 | 1.82 | 6.04 | 2.45 | 15.58 | 28.87 | 12.30 | 9.34 | 0 | 249 | 223 | 526 | 998 | ||||
W/ screening | 65 | 1.79 | 6.20 | 2.56 | 16.06 | 25.57 | 12.63 | 9.57 | 23 | 336 | 361 | 522 | 1,242 | ||||
Screening effect | -0.03 | 0.16 | 0.11 | 0.48 | -3.30 | 0.33 | 0.23 | 23 | 88 | 138 | -4 | 245 | 0.011 | 0.008 | 31,228 | ||
Screen at 75 y | (onset at 70 y) | ||||||||||||||||
W/o screening | 80 | 0.23 | 1.69 | 0.84 | 14.97 | 24.42 | 7.28 | 5.93 | 0 | 162 | 136 | 422 | 720 | ||||
W/ screening | 75 | 0.22 | 1.72 | 0.88 | 15.40 | 21.09 | 7.51 | 6.11 | 21 | 238 | 270 | 423 | 952 | ||||
Screening effect | -0.01 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.43 | -3.33 | 0.23 | 0.18 | 21 | 76 | 134 | 1 | 231 | 0.009 | 0.007 | 32,106 |
aUndiscounted.
bDiscounted at 3%.
Note: Screening effects are expressed as percentage points. CHD = Coronary heart disease events; Diab. = Diabetes; ESRD = End-stage renal disease; LEA = Lower-extremity amputation; QALY = Quality-adjusted life year.