NIST Technicalendar September 15 to September 19, 2008 The NIST Technicalendar is issued each Friday. All items MUST be submitted electronically from this web page by 12:00 NOON each Wednesday unless otherwise stated in the NIST Technicalendar. The address for online weekly editions of the NIST Technicalendar and NIST Administrative Calendar is: http://www.nist.gov/tcal/.

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1:30 PM - Andreev current induced dissipation in a Superconductor – Normal metal – Superconductor tunnel junction

10:30 AM - Towards quantum information processing using single neutral atoms
10:30 AM - Carbon-nanotube field-effect transistors as chemical sensors

No Scheduled Events

10:00 AM - In-situ TEM Study of Si and Ge Nanowire Growth
11:00 AM - Electrical Methods for Measuring Mechanical Response of Thin Films
1:30 PM - Questions on measuring hemispheric reflectance and transmittance of coastal marsh grass, sedge and rush stems and leaves
3:00 PM - Recent progress at the University of North Carolina-Charlotte Center for Precision Metrology

10:30 AM - Magnetic Storms: Building Planetary Cores in the Laboratory

9/15 -- MONDAY

1:30 PM - CNST NANOFABRICATION RESEARCH GROUP SEMINAR: Andreev current induced dissipation in a Superconductor – Normal metal – Superconductor tunnel junction
In the recent years, nano-refrigeration using electron tunneling in hybrid Normal metal - Insulator - Superconductor (N-I-S) junctions has gained increasing attention [1]. Its basic principle is the energy selective tunneling due to the presence of an energy gap in the superconductor density of states. With a sub-gap voltage bias, only the most energetic electrons can tunnel out of the normal metal, leaving behind the electrons with less energy. We have measured with a high resolution the differential conductance of S-I-N-I-S junctions, whose analysis gives us an access to the normal metal electronic temperature as a function of the voltage. A quantitative model is proposed, that includes the electron-phonon coupling and the Kapitza resistance at the interface with the substrate. With this model, we have achieved a thorough description of the charge and heat currents [2]. We have also shown that the normal metal phonon temperature drops significantly below the substrate temperature. At very low temperature (T 200mK) and low bias, the phase coherent Andreev current dominates the quasi-particle current. By analyzing quantitatively the heat balance in the S-I-N-I-S junction, we demonstrate that the Andreev current does carry heat. This thermal contribution heats the normal metal electrons, overriding over a large voltage range the tunneling-based cooling [3].
Sukumar Rajauria , Néel Institute, CNRS and Université Joseph Fourier.
Bldg. 217, Rm. H107. (NIST Contact: James Liddle, 301-975-6050, james.liddle@nist.gov)


9/16 -- TUESDAY

10:30 AM - CNST ELECTRON PHYSICS GROUP SEMINAR: Towards quantum information processing using single neutral atoms
To realize quantum information processing with neutral atoms, controlled coherent interaction between them is a fundamental requirement. One approach relies on deterministic coupling of two or more atoms to the mode of a high-finesse optical resonator in the strong coupling regime. We investigate such a coupling between neutral atoms and a resonator under controlled conditions: we load a chosen number of Doppler-cooled caesium atoms from a magneto-optical trap into a standing wave optical dipole trap. The positions of the individual atoms are then determined with sub-micrometer precision, enabling us to prepare, to manipulate and to read out the quantum state of each atom. Using the dipole trap as an optical conveyor belt, the atoms are transported into the mode of a high-finesse optical cavity with a finesse of F=106, leading to a maximum single-atom cooperativity parameter of the order of 50. By observing the transmission of a weak resonant probe laser we can detect the interaction dynamics of a single atom coupled strongly to the cavity field. Cooling by the probe laser extends the observation time to several ten seconds, allowing us to investigate the strength and the stability of coupling, which are crucial parameters for the controlled coherent interaction. Moreover, we analyze the atom-field interaction using a method, essential for the creation and measurement of entanglement.
Mkrtych Khudaverdyan , Ph.D. Student/Institute of Applied Physics, Bonn, Germany.
Bldg. 217, Rm. H107. (NIST Contact: Jabez McClelland, 301-975-3721, Jabez.McClelland@nist.gov)

10:30 AM - ATOMIC PHYSICS DIVISION SEMINAR: Carbon-nanotube field-effect transistors as chemical sensors
Single-walled carbon nanotubes are seamless molecular cylinders that are either metallic or semiconducting nanowires. The conductance of a semiconducting nanotube can be tuned by applying a voltage to a nearby gate electrode, providing a one-dimensional field-effect transistor at the nanometer scale. These transistors are very sensitive detectors: Their electrical properties vary strongly when they are exposed to chemicals. After the first experiments seven years ago, where high sensitivity to NH3 (monitored in farms and industries) and NO2 (an air pollutant from motor vehicle exhaust and other combustion sources) was discovered [1], a strong sensitivity to many other molecules, including oxygen, methane, alcohol vapor and proteins, has also been reported. The cause of the change in electrical properties is still unclear. One possibility is that molecules bind to the surface of the nanotubes and charge transfer occurs between the nanotube and the molecules. A second possibility is a change of the barriers for electrical transport at the interface between the nanotube and the electrical contacts. Understanding the mechanism that causes the response to each chemical is an essential step for the design of efficient sensors. I will discuss an experimental method we recently developed to determine the sensing mechanism. We find that, in the case of NO2, sensing occurs through the contacts [2]. [1] J. Kong, N. R. Franklin, C. Zhou, M. G. Chapline, S. Peng, K. Cho, and H. Dai, Science 287, 622 (2000). [2] J. Zhang, A. Boyd, A. Tselev, M. Paranjape, and P. Barbara, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 123112 (2006).
Paola Barbara , Physics Department, Georgetown University.
Physics Building, Room B145. (NIST Contact: Neil Zimmerman, 301-975-5887, neil.zimmerman@nist.gov)


9/17 -- WEDNESDAY

No Scheduled Events

9/18 -- THURSDAY

10:00 AM - JOINT MSEL (METALLURGY DIVISION)/CNST (NANOFABRICATION RESEARCH GROUP) SEMINAR: In-situ TEM Study of Si and Ge Nanowire Growth
Si and Ge nanowires have promising applications in nanoelectronics, optoelectronics, piezotronics, thermoelectrics, and sensors. Nanowires are most commonly grown via the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) process, first discovered over 40 years ago. Despite several decades of research in this area, nanowire nucleation and growth are not well understood, even for relatively simple elemental Si and Ge. Here, we present in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations of the nanowire nucleation and growth kinetics. Using Au as the catalyst, Si and Ge nanowires are grown inside an ultra-high vacuum TEM equipped with facilities for in situ deposition. From the TEM images, acquired at video rate during deposition as a function of growth flux, time, and substrate temperature, we determine the rate-limiting mechanisms governing the nanowire nucleation and growth, and identify the factors controlling the nanowire morphology and structure. The new insights gained from our results may help develop methods for large-scale fabrication of wires with controlled morphologies.
Suneel Kodambaka , Professor; Dept. Materials Science, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, kodambaka@ucla.edu.
215 Bldg, Rm. C103. (NIST Contact: Albert Davydov, 301-975-4916, davydov@nist.gov)

11:00 AM - MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LABORATORY LECTURE SERIES: Electrical Methods for Measuring Mechanical Response of Thin Films
The nanoscale thin films of copper, aluminum, and other materials used as interconnects in semiconductor devices to conduct electrical power, signals, and heat are difficult to manufacture and are potential failure points in operation of the chips, particularly as these features shrink in size and must carry greater electrical and thermal loads. To better measure the mechanical and thermal-mechanical response of interconnects under these demanding conditions, we are developing electrical tests to assess strengths and thermal fatigue lifetimes. This approach allows us to test structures with very fine dimensions as well as those that are buried beneath other layers, without special specimen preparation, i.e. we test in the as-manufactured state. We use four-point probe methods and apply low frequency, high density alternating currents to effect controlled joule heating. Mechanical strains are then induced in the films due to the differences in coefficients of thermal expansion between the film and surrounding materials. Details of the methods as applied to copper and aluminum interconnects will be described, including observations of the evolution of microstructure with progressing damage, as determined by electron microscopy. This work was conducted by Nicholas Barbosa, Roy Geiss, David Read, and Robert Keller of the Materials Reliability Division, Nanoscale Reliability Group. VTC to Boulder in Building 2, Room 0113 at 9am MT
Robert Keller , Materials Research Engineer; Boulder, CO, keller@boulder.nist.gov.
Administration Bldg, Green Auditorium. (NIST Contact: Bill Boettinger, 301-975-6160, william.boettinger)

1:30 PM - OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY DIVISION SEMINAR: Questions on measuring hemispheric reflectance and transmittance of coastal marsh grass, sedge and rush stems and leaves
I will give an overview of my project, the model the measures would feed into, techniques used on grasses and rushes from literature, and my questions on experimental methods and techniques.
Kevin Turpie , NASA/GSFC.
Physics 221 Bldg, Rm. A366. (NIST Contact: Carol Johnson, 301-975-2322, cjohnson@nist.gov)

3:00 PM - CERAMICS DIVISION SEMINAR: Recent progress at the University of North Carolina-Charlotte Center for Precision Metrology
S. Smith , University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Materials Building, Rm. B351. (NIST Contact: Dylan Morris, 301-975-5458, dylan.morris@nist.gov)


9/19 -- FRIDAY

10:30 AM - NIST COLLOQUIUM SERIES: Magnetic Storms: Building Planetary Cores in the Laboratory
The Earth's magnetic field is dynamic and evolving in a way that suggests we are headed for a magnetic reversal. As there is no predictive science of geomagnetism, we currently lack even simple forecasts. Our scientific understanding is hampered by the complex state of flows within planetary cores that are responsible for generating the magnetic field. We probe aspects of the dynamics of flows in planetary cores and stars using experiments in liquid sodium, liquid helium, liquid nitrogen, or water (not, of course, mixed together!). Using these, we explore how turbulence is affected by rotation and magnetic fields. These experiments are opening up new insights into the dynamics of the Earth's outer core, other planetary interiors, and a host of astrophysical objects.
Daniel Lathrop , Director, Institute for Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland.
Administration Building, Green Auditorium. (NIST Contact: Kum Ham, 301-975-4203, kham@nist.gov)
Special Assistance Available


ADVANCE NOTICE

9/22/08 10:30 AM - SPONSORED BY THE TRUSTWORTHY SOFTWARE PROGRAM OF ITL: Structured Software Assurance Models (ITL Seminar)
For safety-, mission-, or security-critical systems, there are typically regulations or acquisition guidelines requiring a documented body of evidence to provide a compelling justification that the system satisfies specified critical properties. Current frameworks suggest the detailed outline of the final product but leave the truly meaningful and challenging aspects of arguing assurance to the developers and reviewers. We began with two major hypotheses. We selected a software notation suitable for building structured safety cases and applied it to three disparate assurance standards. Each of the three standard mapping efforts is discussed, along with the problems we encountered. In addition to the standards, we used the notation to structure an assurance case for a practical security-critical system, and we describe the lessons learned from that experience. We conclude with practical options for using our mappings of the standards and how well our initial hypotheses are borne out by the project.
T. Scott Ankrum , Senior Software Systems Engineer, MITRE Corporation.
Building 101, Lecture Room A. (NIST Contact: Tom Rhodes, 301-975-3295, trhodes@nist.gov)

9/23/08 10:30 AM - ATOMIC PHYSICS DIVISION SEMINAR: Light field tuning of the emission spectrum of a semiconductor quantum dot
When a strong monochromatic field is brought through resonance with an optically active transition, such as in a quantum dot exciton, the original states become hybrid or dressed states and are split by an amount determined by the laser field amplitude and the dipole moment (Rabi frequency), and the laser detuning. These dressed states are composite exciton-field states and undergo an anti-crossing as a function of detuning. Although these phenomena are well established in atomic systems, experiments in solids have only recently been reported1-4. Most experiments have been limited to absorption measurements, while emission is desired for a variety of devices such as single and entangled photon sources. Using photoluminescence in conjunction with a tunable laser field, we show in emission, that the exciton/biexciton complex in a single quantum dot can be fully dressed5. This allows all-optical control of a multi-excitonic system and makes accessible tailored photons for a variety of applications. A particularly interesting application I will discuss is the generation of entangled photon pairs, which are typically suppressed in quantum dot emission due to nondegenerate exciton states. [1] X. Xu, et al, Science 317, 929 (2007). [2] L. Robledo, et al., Science, 320, 772 (2008). [3] A. Muller, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 187402 (2007). [4] G. Wrigge, I. Gerhardt, J. Hwang, G. Zumofen, and V. Sandoghar, Nat. Physics 4, 60 (2008). [5] A. Muller, W. Fang, J. Lawall and G. S. Solomon, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 027401 (2008).
Glenn Solomon , Joint Quantum Institute/NIST Atomic Physics Division.
221 Bldg, Rm. B-145. (NIST Contact: Gail Newrock, 301-975-3200, gail.newrock@nist.gov)

9/24/08 1:30 PM - CNST ELECTRON PHYSICS GROUP SEMINAR: ULTRACOLD PLASMA DYNAMICS IN A MAGNETIC FIELD
Ultracold plasmas created by photoionizing a sample of laser cooled and trapped cold atoms, has extended the neutral plasma parameters by about two orders of magnitude, as the electron temperatures as low as 1 Kelvin. Previous studies focused on the study of free expansion and electron temperature measurement of the plasma without a magnetic field. In this talk, I will talk about a new technique, time-of-flight projection imaging technique, to study ultracold plasma dynamics with or without a magnetic field, such as plasma expansion and instabilities.
Xianli Zhang , Ph.D. Candidate, University of Maryland.
Bldg. 217, Rm. H107. (NIST Contact: Jabez McClelland, 301-975-3721, jabez.mcclelland@nist.gov)

9/29/08 10:30 AM - CNST ELECTRON PHYSICS GROUP SEMINAR: CREATING HIGH PHASE-SPACE-DENSITY GAS OF HETERONUCLEAR MOLECULES
I will present experiments creating heteronuclear diatomic molecules from ultracold, quantum degenerate mixtures of atomic bosons and fermions. The work presented takes advantage of a two-body scattering resonance, known as a Feshbach resonance, to efficiently and selectively create the fermionic molecules. I will present studies of the weakly bound, highly vibrationally excited molecules created near the Feshbach resonance. These molecules participate in inelastic collisions with excess atoms in the trap. The inelastic loss rates are affected by the particular atoms involved in the collisions and are enhanced or suppressed depending on whether the colliding atoms are bosonic, fermionic, or distinguishable when compared to the molecule's constituent atoms. I will also present recent work that has pioneered the making of high phase-space-density gases of ultracold polar molecules in the ro-vibrational ground-state.
Josh Zirbel , Ph.D. Candidate, University of Colorado at Boulder.
Bldg. 217, Rm. H107. (NIST Contact: Jabez McClelland, 301-975-3721, jabez.mcclelland@nist.gov)

10/2/08 10:00 AM - DIRECTOR'S OFFICE, TECHNOLOGY SERVICES SEMINAR: Patenting Basics: For NIST Scientists & Engineers
The Office of Technology Partnerships is sponsoring a seminar entitled "Patenting Basics" on Thursday, October 2, at 10:00am – 12:00 noon in the Green Auditorium. The seminar will provide an understanding of the patenting process for NIST scientists, engineers and managers interested in learning about the procedure for seeking a patent following an invention disclosure. The Speaker, Elaine B. Gin, an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Intellectual Property Policy and Enforcement, USPTO, will focus on such topics as what is a patent and what does it do, what is a patentable invention, what is the difference between provisional and non-provisional patent applications, the concept of "obviousness" and more. Patenting is one of the many tools that NIST uses to attract the private investment necessary for commercialization of its innovative technology.
Elaine Gin , Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Intellectual Property Policy and Enforcement, USPTO.
Administration Bldg, Green Auditorium. (NIST Contact: Dr. Jack Pevenstein, 301-975-5519, jack.pevenstein@nist.gov) http://www-i.nist.gov/div222/InventorHandbook/patenting_basics.pdf

10/2/08 10:30 AM - CNST NANOTECHNOLOGY SEMINAR SERIES: Ferromagnetic Resonance Imaging with Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopy
Magnetic resonance force microscopy achieves very high resolution three-dimensional imaging capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging by taking advantage of very high sensitivity force detection. This enables non-contacting, microscopic studies and imaging of a broad range of materials. We have demonstrated scanned probe Ferromagnetic Resonance (FMR) imaging in ferromagnets where the the strong interactions between spins invalidates the assumptions underlying conventional magnetic resonance imaging. We present a new approach to localizing the resonant volume in an FMR measurement in ferromagnetic films. Our model accurately describes our FMR images and provides the basis for submicron scanned probe FMR imaging of films and buried ferromagnetic elements. Ref: "Local Ferromagnetic Resonance Imaging with Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopy," Yu. Obukhov, D.V. Pelekhov, J. Kim, P. Banerjee, I. Martin, E. Nazaretski, R. Movshovich, S. An, T.J. Gramila, S. Batra, and P. C. Hammel, PRL 100, 197601 (2008).
Chris Hammel , Ohio State University.
Bldg. 215, Rm. C103. (NIST Contact: Nikolai Zhitenev, 301-975-6039, nikolai.zhitenev@nist.gov)

10/3/08 10:30 AM - NIST COLLOQUIUM SERIES: Pioneers of Quantum Computation
This talk profiles the persons whose insights and visions created the subject of quantum information science. Some famous, some not, they all thought deeply about the puzzles and contradictions that were apparent to the founders of quantum theory. After many years of germination, the confluence of their understandings brought the possibilities of quantum computing and quantum communications dramatically onto the scientific scene in the 1990s. Dr.DiVincenzo has explored quantum information theory and the physical realizations of quantum computers for about 15 years. In particular, he is known for proposing a set of five criteria (commonly called the DiVincenzo criteria) for the physical implementation of quantum computers.
David DiVincenzo , Manager, Quantum Information Group, IBM Watson Research Center.
Administration Building, Green Auditorium. (NIST Contact: Kum Ham, 301-975-4203, kham@nist.gov)
Special Assistance Available

10/8/08 1:30 PM - CENTER FOR NANOSCALE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SEMINAR: Measuring and Characterizing the Conductance of a Single Molecule
Measuring the conductance of a single molecule junction is becoming a standard measurement process in nanotechnology; however, there is a clear need for additional methods for measuring and characterizing a single molecule bound to two electrodes. This talk will discuss measuring the conductance of biological samples such as DNA and amino acids, as well as the development of new instruments for measuring and characterizing a single molecule junction. DNA studies were carried out in aqueous solution using readily available characterization techniques such as systematically changing the length, sequence, base-pair matching, temperature, and electrochemical potential of the system to attempt to elucidate the conduction mechanism. Such studies reinforced the need for faster measurement tools and better characterization techniques for single molecule junctions. Thus, the Conductance Screening Tool was developed to provide an order of magnitude increasing in the speed of measurement over previous designs. This tool has since been used to determine the conductance of individual amino acid residues without chemical modification. And finally, to advance characterization capabilities, a low temperature STM was developed and used to perform Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy (IETS) on a single molecule bound to two electrodes. These measurements demonstrate that changes in the IET spectrum of a single molecule occur simultaneously with changes in the conductance and configuration of the molecular junction.
Joshua Hihath , Arizona State University.
Bldg. 217, Rm. H107. (NIST Contact: Vladimir Aksyuk, 301-975-2867, vladimir.aksyuk@nist.gov)

10/9/08 10:30 AM - SIGMA XI COLLOQUIUM: Lead in Potable Water as a Public Health Threat
The Centers for Disease Control assumed that lead in water problems were largely eliminated by the EPA Lead and Copper Rule. As a result, modern case management of childhood lead poisoning generally ignores potable water as a significant lead source. Recent cases of childhood lead poisoning attributed to water have demonstrated that detachment of particulate lead from solder and lead pipe to water, poses a serious concern, with potential lead doses from consuming a single glass of contaminated water above those obtained via consumption of lead paint chips. Because the EPA lead and copper rule sampling protocols were based on the assumption that lead in water was soluble Pb(II), EPA methods can fail to detect up to 99.8% of the lead which is actually present in water. Moreover, particulate lead detachment to water occurs some times and not others, making the problem impossible to detect with collection of single samples. These problems undoubtedly confounded prior attempts to establish cause and effect relationships between lead in water and blood lead-- and have also falsely reassured many consumers and utilities about the safety of tap water in homes built before the lead solder ban in 1986. Public health agencies and water utilities need to better educate themselves about the acute and chronic health hazards attributable to particulate lead in potable water.
Marc Edwards , Virginia Tech.
Administration Bldg, Red Auditorium. (NIST Contact: Dave Holbrook, 301-975-5202, dave.holbrook@nist.gov)
Special Assistance Available

10/9/08 10:30 AM - CNST NANOFABRICATION RESEARCH GROUP SEMINAR: Nanoparticles with key-lock interactions: from self-assembly to drug delivery
By decorating colloidal particles and other nano-objects with various biomolecules, one can introduce highly selective key-lock interactions between them. This leads to a new class of systems and problems in soft condensed matter physics. In my talk, I will review a number of theoretical possibilities and recent experimental achievements in this new field. First, I will discuss DNA-mediated self-assembly of nanostructures and nanoclusters. The specificity and tunability of the interactions result in a remarkable morphological diversity of in such systems. In some of the proposed schemes, DNA can be used to essentially "program" the self-assembly of a desired structure. The colloids with type-dependent interactions can also be used for experimental realization of one of the simplest self-replicating system. Its study may shed some light onto such important problems as prebiotic evolution and origin of life. Finally, I will discuss how cooperative key-lock binding can be also utilized to dramatically enhance cell specificity of drug delivery, e.g. in cancer treatment
Alexei Tkachenko , University of Michigan.
217 Bldg, Rm. H107. (NIST Contact: James Liddle, 301-975-6050, james.liddle@nist.gov)

10/20/08 8:00 AM - CHEMICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LABORATORY OFFICE SEMINAR: "Accelerating Innovation in 21st Century Biosciences: Identifying the Measurement Standards and Technological Challenges"
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute (UMBI) are planning to co-host an October 20-24, 2008 Conference (Symposium and Workshop) focused on identifying and prioritizing measurement, standards, and technology needs that represent barriers to innovation, and impediments to achieving maximal societal and economic benefits of new discoveries in the biosciences.
Invited Speakers , Various Organizations.
Administration Bldg, Red Auditorium. (NIST Contact: Willie May, 301-975-8300, wem@nist.gov) http://www.cstl.nist.gov/Biosciences.html
Special Assistance Available

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MEETINGS ELSEWHERE


9/15 -- MONDAY

11:00 AM - CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON/GEOPHYSICAL LAB. SEMINAR: TETSUYA KOMABAYASHI: EXPERIMENTAL AND THEROETICAL STUDY OF PHASE RELATIONS OF PURE IRON TO THE CENTER OF THE EARTH
T. Komabayashi , GL.
Bldg, Rm..
Greenewalt Bldg., GL-DTM Grounds, Carnegie Institution of Washington, DC. (NIST Contact: Bjorn Mysen, 202-478-8900, seminar@lists.ciw.edu)



9/16 -- TUESDAY

No Scheduled Events

9/17 -- WEDNESDAY

No Scheduled Events

9/18 -- THURSDAY

No Scheduled Events

9/19 -- FRIDAY

No Scheduled Events

ADVANCE NOTICE

No Scheduled Events

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TALKS BY NIST PERSONNEL

HOLBROOK, D. : FATE AND TRANSPORT OF ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS IN AQUATIC SYSTEMS.
NanoSIT NanoSeries, Procter and Gamble, Cincinnati, OH, 9/15.

LOZIER, D. : NUMERICAL ANALYSIS IN THE DIGITAL LIBRARY OF MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS.
International Conference of Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics (ICNAAM 2008), Kos, Greece, 9/15.

GERMER, T. : LIGHT SCATTERING FROM FEATURES ON SURFACES.
Mie Theory 1908-2008 Conf., Martin Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany, 9/15.

NEWBURY, D. : HIGH SPEED X-RAY SPECTRUM IMAGING WITH THE SILICON DRIFT DETECTOR.
Center for Advanced Materials Characterization in Oregon (CAMCOR), Eugene, OR, 9/15.

NEWBURY, D. : MILLIPROBE X-RAY FLUORESCENCE (M-XRF): A NEW TOOL FOR SOLVING THE "MICRO TO MACRO" PROBLEM..
Center for Advanced Materials Characterization in Oregon CAMCOR, Eugene, OR, 9/15.

NEWBURY, D. : DESKTOP SPECTRUM ANALYZER-2 (SON OF DTSA): NICHOLAS RITCHIE'S ANSWER TO THE MICRORANALYST'S NEEDS FOR SPECTRUM SIMULATION.
Center for Advanced Materials Characterization in Oregon (CAMCOR), Eugene, OR, 9/15.

MITCHELL, W. : STRATEGIES FOR HP-ADAPTIVE REFINEMENT.
Sixth International Conference of Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics, Kos, Greece, 9/16.

MARBUKH, V. : TOWARDS MODELING NETWORK SELF-ORGANIZATION/EVOLUTION: EFFECTS OF FAIRNESS, RISK AVERSENESS, COMPETITION, AND ECONOMIC PRESSURES.
5th European Conference on Complex Systems, Jerusalem, Israel, 9/16.

COFFMAN, V. : CHALLENGES IN UNDERSTANDING INTERGRANULAR FRACTURE IN POLYCRYSTALS.
Society of Applied and Industrial Mathematics Conference, Rome, Italy, 9/17.

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ANNOUNCEMENTS

HOW CAN YOUR LAB LIAISON HELP YOU?
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Because of heightened security at the NIST Gaithersburg site, members of the public who wish to attend meetings, seminars, lectures, etc. must first register in advance. For more information please call or e-mail the "NIST Contact" for the particular event you would like to attend.
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NIST WEB SITE ANNOUNCEMENTS

No Web Site announcements this week.

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For more information, contact Ms. Sharon Hallman, Editor, Stop 2500, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD 20899-2500; Telephone: 301-975-TCAL (3570); Fax: 301-926-4431; or Email: tcal@nist.gov.

All lectures and meetings are open unless otherwise stated.

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