January 1991 - June 1993 Quick Bibliography Series: QB 93-67 Updates QB 92-68 101 citations from AGRICOLA Bonnie Emmert and Joe Makuch Water Quality Information Center Quick Bibliography Series Bibliographies in the Quick Bibliography series of the National Agricultural Library (NAL), are intended primarily for current awareness, and as the title of the series implies, are not in-depth and exhaustive. However, the citations are a substantial resource for recent investigations on a given topic. They also serve the purpose of bringing the literature of agriculture to the interested user who, in many cases, could not access it by any other means. The bibliographies are derived from online searches of the AGRICOLA database. Timeliness of topic and evidence of extensive interest are the selection criteria. Send suggestions for Quick Bibliographies on water-related topics to wqic@nalusda.gov The author/searcher determines the purpose, length, and search strategy of the Quick Bibliography. Information regarding these is available from the author/searcher. The inclusion or omission of a particular publication or citation should not be construed as endorsement or disapproval. An author and subject index is provided along with the search strategy. PLEASE NOTE: Information on document delivery services,interlibrary loan requests and copyright restrictions is appended to this bibiiography. If Quick Bibliography files are copied and/or distributed, please include this information in all copies. ******************************************************************** MONITORING WATER FOR AGRICULTURAL WASTES AND AGRICHEMICALS 1 NAL Call. No.: S583.A7 Analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls in aqueous samples using C18 glass column extraction. Molto, J.C.; Pico, Y.; Manes, J.; Font, G. Arlington, VA : AOAC International; 1992 Jul. Journal of AOAC International v. 75 (4): p. 714-719; 1992 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Water pollution; Water quality; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Contaminants; Pesticide residues; Extraction; Gas chromatography 2 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1E5 Analyte stability studies conducted during the National Pesticide Survey. Munch, D.J.; Frebis, C.P. Washington, D.C. : American Chemical Society; 1992 May. Environmental science & technology v. 26 (5): p. 921-925; 1992 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Pesticides; Pollutants; Stability; Environmental protection; Government organizations; Surveys; Samples; Groundwater pollution; Analytical methods 3 NAL Call. No.: HC79.E5E5 Application of land-use data and screening tests for evaluating pesticide runoff toxicity in surface waters. Wilcock, R.J. New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1993 May. Environmental management v. 17 (3): p. 365-371; 1993 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: New Zealand; Surface water; Pesticide residues; Runoff; Toxicity; Land use; Data analysis; Screening 4 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 Aseptic sampling of unconsolidated heaving soils in saturated zones. Leach, L.E.; Ross, R.R. Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1991. ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (465): p. 334-348; 1991. In the series analytic: Groundwater residue sampling design / edited by R.G. Nash and A.R. Leslie. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Groundwater; Water pollution; Agricultural chemicals; Soil; Sampling Abstract: Collecting undisturbed subsurface soil samples in noncohesive, heaving sandy environments below the water table has been extremely difficult using conventional soil sampling equipment. Several modifications of the conventional hollow- stem auger coring procedures were adapted, which allowed collection of depth-discreet soil samples in very fluid, heaving sands. These methods were used where accurate subsurface characterization of the contamination of RCRA and CERCLA sites was essential. Cohesionless cores were consistently retrieved, aseptically extruded from the core barrel inside an anaerobic environmental chamber, and preserved in the field. The physical, chemical, and biological integrity of discreet soil intervals was maintained for laboratory analysis. Statistical analysis of repeated collection of soil samples from the same depth intervals in nearby boreholes was documented. 5 NAL Call. No.: 100 W52 (1) no.709T Assessment of pesticide residues in soil water and wells associated with an apple orchard and strawberry fields. Weaver, Joseph E. Morgantown : Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, West Virginia University,; 1993. 23 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. (Bulletin (West Virginia University. Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station) ; 709T.). January 1993. Includes bibliographical references (p. 14-15). Language: English 6 NAL Call. No.: RA1270.P35A1 Atrazine, alachlor, and carbofuran contamination of well water in central Maine. Bushway, R.J.; Hurst, H.L.; Perkins, L.B.; Tian, L.; Cabanillas, C.G.; Young, B.E.S.; Ferguson, B.S.; Jennings, H.S. New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1992 Jul. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology v. 49 (1): p. 1-9; 1992 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Maine; Drinking water; Atrazine; Alachlor; Carbofuran; Groundwater pollution; Monitoring; Enzyme immunoassay; Rapid methods; Costs 7 NAL Call. No.: SB951.P47 Automated quasi-continuous immunoanalysis of pesticides with a flow injection system. Kramer, P.M.; Schmid, R.D. Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1991. Pesticide science v. 32 (4): p. 451-462; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Atrazine; Propazine; Simazine; Water pollution; Water quality; Chemical composition; Detection; Elisa; Immunoassay; Comparisons; Measurement Abstract: Chemical methods (HPLC, GC/MS) for the control of pesticides in water at low concentrations are time consuming, expensive and need sample pre-concentration. Immunoassays offer the potential of rapid, inexpensive, sensitive and specific detection methods. This paper presents a flow injection system that is based on an immunochemical reaction and which provides the opportunity for automated, quasi- continuous measurements for screening water samples for the presence of pesticides. The method of flow injection immunoanalysis (FIIA) was compared with competitive ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). It is possible to measure in the range of interest of the 0.1 micrograms litre-1, which is the limiting value of the European drinking water directive. Measurements were made for the triazine herbicides atrazine and propazine, which both cross-react with the polyclonal antiserum used. Furthermore, this device includes a new development of a membrane reactor for the exchange of used biological material, in this case antibodies. A brief comparison of ELISA and FIIA is presented, giving an overview of some aspects of the assays. 8 NAL Call. No.: S583.A7 C18 Extraction of atrazine from small water sample volumes. Shepherd, T.R.; Carr, J.D.; Duncan, D.; Pederson, D.T. Arlington, VA : AOAC International; 1992 May. Journal of AOAC International v. 75 (3): p. 581-583; 1992 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Atrazine; Detection; Herbicide residues; Water quality; Extraction; Gas chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Evaluation; Sampling; Volume 9 NAL Call. No.: S590.C63 Changes in extractable phosphorus between fall and spring in some Alberta soils. Malhi, S.S.; Nyborg, M.; Kryzanowski, L.; Gill, K.S.; Arshad, M.A. New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1991. Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 22 (13/14): p. 1439-1446; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Alberta; Luvisols; Chernozemic soils; Soil testing; Soil test values; Phosphorus; Extraction; Measurement; Seasonal variation; Sampling; Autumn; Spring; Regression analysis; Fertilizer requirement determination 10 NAL Call. No.: TD172.A7 Comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high- performance liquid chromatography for the analysis of atrazine in water from Czechoslovakia. Bushway, R.J.; Perkins, L.B.; Fukal, L.; Harrison, R.O.; Ferguson, B.S. New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1991 Sep. Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology v. 21 (3): p. 365-370; 1991 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Czechoslovakia; Water pollution; Atrazine; Samples; Analytical methods; Hplc; Accuracy 11 NAL Call. No.: SF221.D342 Comparison of test methods for the determination of nitrates in well water. Rounds, M.; Nielsen, S.; Turco, R.; Liska, B. Ames, Iowa : International Association of Milk, Food and Environmental Sanitarians, Inc; 1992 Apr. Dairy, food and environmental sanitation v. 12 (4): p. 214-215; 1992 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Drinking water; Nitrates; Analytical methods 12 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 Compendium of in situ pore-liquid samplers for vadose zone. Dorrance, D.W.; Wilson, L.G.; Everett, L.G.; Cullen, S.J. Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1991. ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (465): p. 300-331; 1991. In the series analytic: Groundwater residue sampling design / edited by R.G. Nash and A.R. Leslie. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Groundwater; Water pollution; Agricultural chemicals; Sampling; Lysimeters Abstract: In recent years, there has been increasing emphasis on monitoring contaminant transport in the vadose zone. Vadose zone monitoring relies on a variety of in situ samplers to collect pore-liquids under saturated and/or unsaturated conditions. This compendium describes these samplers together with their advantages and disadvantages. 13 NAL Call. No.: aSB249.C6 Cotton production and water quality an initial assessment. Crutchfield, Stephen R. United States, Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Resources and Technology Division Washington, DC : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Resources and Technology Division ; Rockville, MD : ERS-NASS [distributor,; 1991; A 93.44:AGES 91-05. v, 47 p. : map ; 28 cm. (ERS staff report ; no. AGES 9105.). Cover title. "January 1991"--P. iii. Includes bibliographical references (p. 23-24). Language: English; English Descriptors: Cotton; Water quality; Agricultural chemicals 14 NAL Call. No.: S592.6.N5C87 1992 Current viewpoints on the use of soil nitrate tests in the South proceedings of a symposium conducted by the Southern Branch, American Society of Agronomy, February 4, 1992, Lexington Center Heritage Hall, Lexington, KY. Wells, K. L._1935-; Thompson, W. R. American Society of Agronomy, Southern Branch Madison, Wis., USA : The Society,; 1992. ix, 51 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English; English Descriptors: Soils 15 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 Design of field research and monitoring programs to assess environmental fate. Jones, R.L.; Norris, F.A. Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1991. ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (465): p. 165-181; 1991. In the series analytic: Groundwater residue sampling design / edited by R.G. Nash and A.R. Leslie. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Groundwater; Agricultural chemicals; Residues; Sampling Abstract: Field research and monitoring study design should depend on study objectives, environmental conditions, chemical properties, and use patterns. Comprehensive groundwater research studies will usually involve sampling both the unsaturated and saturated zone after a carefully controlled application but often monitoring objectives may be satisfied by collecting only water samples. In comprehensive research studies, timely analysis of samples is essential so that results from previous sampling intervals can be used to guide activities at future sampling dates. Sampling procedures should be tailored to agricultural chemical properties and site characteristics. Regardless of the study design or objectives, sample contamination should always be avoided by using trained and conscientious personnel with cleanliness always being a primary concern. 16 NAL Call. No.: 475 J824 Determination of chlorotriazines in aqueous environmental samples at the ng/l level using preconcentration with a cation exchanger and on-line high-performance liquid chromatography. Coquart, V.; Hennion, M.C. Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers; 1991 Oct25. Journal of chromatography v. 585 (1): p. 67-73; 1991 Oct25. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Herbicide residues; Water pollution; Drinking water; Determination; Hplc 17 NAL Call. No.: 475 J824 Determination of triazines and organophosphorus pesticides in water samples using solid-phase extraction. Molto, J.C.; Pico, Y.; Font, G.; Manes, J. Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers; 1991 Aug30. Journal of chromatography v. 555 (1/2): p. 137-145; 1991 Aug30. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Triazine herbicides; Organophosphorus pesticides; Water pollution; Determination; Gas chromatography 18 NAL Call. No.: SB951.P47 Development and validation of a modified fugacity model of pesticide leaching from farmland. Brooke, D.; Matthiessen, P. Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1991. Pesticide science v. 31 (3): p. 349-361; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: England; Mecoprop; Simazine; Concentration; Leaching; Measurement; Models; Monitoring; Soil properties; Water pollution; Agricultural soils Abstract: To test whether a simple model could provide reasonable quantitative estimates of chemical concentrations in a dynamic situation, Mackay's fugacity model was adapted to represent an agricultural field. The intention was to determine the extent of modification required to obtain reasonable agreement with experimental results, or indeed if such agreement could be achieved. The validity of the model was tested at Rosemaund Experimental Husbandry Farm in Herefordshire, where the chemical input and output could be monitored and meteorological and other parameters measured regularly. Results from monitoring concentrations of two pesticides at this site in recent years. and changes that have been made to the model in attempting to fit the observed behaviour are described. 19 NAL Call. No.: 475 J824 Direct determination of metamitron in surface water by large sample volume injection. Geerdink, R.B. Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers; 1991 Apr26. Journal of chromatography v. 543 (1): p. 244-249; 1991 Apr26. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Metamitron; Water pollution; Determination; Hplc 20 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 Economical monitoring procedure for assessing agrochemical nonpoint source loading in unconsolidated aquifers. Spalding, R.F.; Exner, M.E.; Burbach, M.E. Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1991. ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (465): p. 255-261; 1991. In the series analytic: Groundwater residue sampling design / edited by R.G. Nash and A.R. Leslie. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Groundwater; Agricultural chemicals; Piezometers; Sampling; Water pollution Abstract: Multilevel samplers (MLSs) consisting of piezometers and tube samplers, a logical approach for determining the direction of groundwater flow and chemistry in shallow (< 6 m) nonpoint source (NPS) groundwater investigations. These MLSs have evolved from fastening the tubing to conduit at specific depths while the conduit was lowered into the hollow stem auger train to the present method of installing preassembled MLSs in boreholes drilled by the reverse circulation rotary method without the use of drilling additives. This method allows the aquifer to be sectioned into discrete layers and provides an instantaneous snapshot of both flow and chemistry in three dimensions. The procedure has been used successfully at several sites in Nebraska. The method is cheap, fast, and accurate in areas where the depth to water is less than 6 m. While the same procedure can be used where depths to water exceed 6 m, the need for gas-driven samplers substantially increases the cost. 21 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E58 Ecosystem-level testing of a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide in aquatic mesocosms. Webber, E.C.; Deutsch, W.G.; Bayne, D.R.; Seesock, W.C. Elmsford, N.Y. : Pergamon Press; 1992. Environmental toxicology and chemistry v. 11 (1): p. 87-105; 1992. Paper presented at the "Symposium on Aquatic Mesocosms in Ecotoxicology," Tenth Annual Meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology, October 28-November 2, 1989, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pyrethroid insecticides; Insecticide residues; Ponds; Water pollution; Toxicity; Community ecology; Aquatic insects; Aquatic invertebrates; Crustacea; Phytoplankton; Aquatic environment; Lepomis macrochirus; Zooplankton 22 NAL Call. No.: TD223.N36 1992 The effects of temporal and spatial variability on monitoring agricultural nonpoint source pollution. Johengen, T.H.; Beeton, A.M. Washington, DC : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 1992. Proceedings: the National RCWP Symposium : 10 years of controlling agricultural nonpoint source pollution : the RCWP experience : Sept 13-17, 1992, Orlando, Florida. p. 89-95; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Michigan; Water pollution; Pesticide residues; Pollution control; Spatial variation; Temporal variation; Monitoring; Water quality 23 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E29 Effects of the herbicides hexazinone and triclopyr ester on aquatic insects. Kreutzweiser, D.P.; Holmes, S.B.; Behmer, D.J. Orlando, Fla. : Academic Press; 1992 Jun. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety v. 23 (3): p. 364-374; 1992 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Ontario; Aquatic insects; Hexazinone; Triclopyr; Toxicology; Adverse effects; Nontarget organisms; Nontarget effects; Lethal dose; Dosage effects; Streams; Laboratory tests 24 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1E5 Enantioselective determination of chlordane components using chiral high-resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with application to environmental samples. Buser, H.R.; Muller, M.D.; Rappe, C. Washington, D.C. : American Chemical Society; 1992 Aug. Environmental science & technology v. 26 (8): p. 1533-1540; 1992 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Sweden; Antarctica; Baltic sea; Chlordane; Water pollution; Sea water; Animal tissues; Chemical analysis; Herrings; Atlantic salmon; Seals; Pygoscelis; Analytical methods; Toxicity 25 NAL Call. No.: RA1221.T69 The evaluation of bacterial biosensors for screening of water pollutants. Hoof, F.M. van; Jonghe, E.G. de; Briers, M.G.; Hansen, P.D.; Pluta, H.J.; Rawson, D.M.; Wilmer, A.J. New York, N.Y. : John Wiley & Sons; 1992 Feb. Environmental toxicology and water quality v. 7 (1): p. 19-33; 1992 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Linuron; Atrazine; Water pollution; Pollutants; Synechococcus; Biosensors; Catalysts; Monitoring; On line; Electron transfer; Photosynthesis Abstract: Bacterial biosensors incorporating the cyanobacterium Synechoccus as the biocatalyst have been evaluated by three laboratories as potential biomonitors for detecting water pollutants. The biosensors were capable of detecting at low concentrations herbicides that interact with photosynthetic electron transfer chains. Statistical evaluation of the interlaboratory comparison results for linuron and atrazine indicated that these compounds can be detected rapidly at 50 micrograms/L concentrations. 26 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E58 Evaluation of community and ecosystem monitoring parameters at a high-elevation, Rocky Mountain study site. Bruns, D.A.; Wiersma, G.B.; Minshall, G.W. Elmsford, N.Y. : Pergamon Press; 1992. Environmental toxicology and chemistry v. 11 (4): p. 459-472; 1992. Paper presented at the Symposium on Community Metrics to Detect Ecosystem Effects, 10th Annual Meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology, October 28-November 2, 1989, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Wyoming; Aquatic insects; Aquatic communities; Aquatic environment; Soil flora; Water pollution; Air pollution; Sulfate; Deposition; Acid deposition; Community ecology; Species diversity; Forest litter; Decomposition; Lignin; Nitrogen content; Foliage; Mountain areas; Monitoring; Environmental degradation 27 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 Evaluation of the accuracy and precision of annual phosphorus load estimates from two agricultural basins in Finland. Rekolainen, S.; Posch, M.; Kamari, J.; Ekholm, P. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1991 Nov. Journal of hydrology v. 128 (1/4): p. 237-255; 1991 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Finland; Agricultural land; Drainage; Runoff; Pollution; Phosphorus; Transport processes; Flow; Estimates; Sampling; Frequency; Monitoring; Mathematical models; Comparisons Abstract: The accuracy and precision of phosphorus load estimates from two agricultural drainage basins in western Finland were evaluated, based on continuous flow measurements and frequent flow-proportional sampling of total phosphorus concentration during a 2 year period. The objective was to compare different load calculation methods and to evaluate alternative sampling strategies. An hourly data set of concentrations was constructed by linear interpolation, and these data were used in Monte Carlo runs for producing replicate data sets for calculating the accuracy and precision of load estimates. All estimates were compared with reference values computed from the complete hourly data sets. The load calculation methods based on summing the products of regularly sampled flows and concentrations produced the best precision, whereas the best accuracy was achieved using methods based on multiplying annual flow by flow-weighted annual mean concentration. When comparing different sampling strategies, concentrating sampling in high runoff periods (spring and autumn) was found to give better accuracy and precision than strategies based on regular interval sampling throughout the year. However, the best result was obtained by taking samples flow-proportionally within the highest peak flows plus additional regular interval (e.g. biweekly) samples outside these flow peaks. Using this strategy, which calls for automatic sampling equipment, accuracies better than 5% and precisions better than 10% can be achieved with only 30-50 samples per year. 28 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 Experiences and knowledge gained from vadose zone sampling. Starr, J.L.; Meisinger, J.J.; Parkin, T.B. Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1991. ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (465): p. 279-289; 1991. In the series analytic: Groundwater residue sampling design / edited by R.G. Nash and A.R. Leslie. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Groundwater; Water pollution; Agricultural chemicals; Sampling Abstract: Vadose zone sampling offers an opportunity for assessing the impact on groundwater quality of chemicals applied at the land surface. Many interacting factors control the fate of chemicals in the field cause major sampling problems even for experienced researchers. Underlying any sampling program is the absolute need to clearly define the study's objectives. The sampling procedure should then be developed with a clear conceptual view of the physical, chemical, and biological processes that affect the fate of the chemical(s) under investigation. Basic questions regarding the spatial, temporal, and statistical distributions of specific parameters must also be addressed in developing an efficient sampling plan. There is no "best sampling method" for all situations, rather, there are several techniques with attendant advantages and disadvantages. An efficient sampling plan considers: the underlying processes; spatial, temporal, and statistical distributions of important parameters; and limited resources to answer the study's objectives. 29 NAL Call. No.: SB951.P47 Experimental assessment of pesticide leaching using undisturbed lysimeters. Kordel, W.; Herrchen, M.; Klein, W. Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1991. Pesticide science v. 31 (3): p. 337-348; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: German federal republic; Bentazone; Cloethocarb; Carbon; Groundwater; Isotope labeling; Leaching; Lysimeters; Plants; Uptake; Water pollution; Law Abstract: Outdoor lysimeter experiments are integrated studies, which consider the comprehensive influence of environmental variables on the mobility and fate in soil of a chemical and its plant uptake, and give valid information on its potential for groundwater contamination. The interpretation of the studies has to consider: (a) that migration behaviour under environmental conditions does not correspond with 'ideal chromatographic behaviour' and (b) that lysimeter studies include the variables of field experiments and are not fully standardized. The results of lysimeter studies on chloethocarb and bentazone are discussed. 30 NAL Call. No.: QH540.I52 Fate of HCH (BHC) in tropical paddy field: application test in South India. Tanabe, S.; Ramesh, A.; Sakashita, D.; Iwata, H.; Tatsukawa, R.; Mohan, D.; Subramanian, A.N. Reading: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers; 1991. International journal of environmental analytical chemistry v. 45 (1): p. 45-53; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Tamil nadu; Hch; Insecticide residues; Paddy soils; Volatilization; Soil pollution; Water pollution; Air; Oryza sativa 31 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32T Field testing and comparison of the PRZM and GLEAMS models. Smith, M.C.; Bottcher, A.B.; Campbell, K.L.; Thomas, D.L. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1991 May. Transactions of the ASAE v. 34 (3): p. 838-847; 1991 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Georgia; Alachlor; Atrazine; Bromides; Field tests; Leaching; Groundwater; Pesticides; Precipitation; Runoff; Simulation models; Soil properties; Soil water Abstract: The root/vadose zone transport models PRZM and GLEAMS were tested against an experimental data set. Parameters were not optimized or calibrated to produce the best fit. In all cases the measured and predicted peak concentrations agreed within an order of magnitude, and in most cases agreed within a factor of 2 to 3. This level of agreement between the models and the measured data is within the criteria for model acceptance suggested by the EPA. The small differences noted in simulated transport between the models are thought to be a result of differences in computational layering and chemical transport calculation methods. 32 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 Field-scale monitoring studies to evaluate mobility of pesticides in soils and groundwater. Behl, E.; Eiden, C.A. Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1991. ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (465): p. 27-46; 1991. In the series analytic: Groundwater residue sampling design / edited by R.G. Nash and A.R. Leslie. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pesticide residues; Water pollution; Groundwater; Soil analysis; Movement; Monitoring Abstract: The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) may require data from ground-water monitoring studies to support the registration of pesticide products under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) sections 3(c)5 and 3(c)7. Data from ground-water monitoring studies are used both to determine the likelihood that a pesticide will leach and to detect the presence of a pesticide in ground water from years of use. Fieldscale monitoring studies are necessary because patterns of pesticide degradation and movement in the field are influenced by a wide variety of natural environmental factors that cannot be duplicated in the laboratory. Monitoring studies have been required for 37 compounds when residues of the pesticide are reported in ground water or when the Agency has evaluated the pesticide as a potential "leacher," based on a review of it's persistence and mobility. This paper explains the history of ground-water monitoring requirements for the Office of Pesticide Programs of EPA and events and issues that led to the development of the monitoring guidance. New directions in small-scale monitoring studies are described. Large-scale ground-water monitoring is mentioned briefly. 33 NAL Call. No.: R856.A1B46 Flow injection immunoanalysis (FIIA)--a new immunoassay format for the determination of pesticides in water. Kramer, P.; Schmid, R. Barking, Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1991. Biosensors & bioelectronics v. 6 (3): p. 239-243; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Atrazine; Drinking water; Groundwater; Surface water; Water quality; Testing; Enzyme immunoassay; Elisa Abstract: This paper presents the development of a new heterogeneous enzyme immunoassay format for the detection of pesticides. It uses the technique of a flow injection system and is named flow injection immunoanalysis (FIIA). Results are demonstrated for the measurements of the herbicide atrazine, which belongs to the triazines, and the potential of this method compared with another immunoassay format (ELISA) is discussed. 34 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 Geostatistics for sampling designs and analysis. Gutjahr, A. Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1991. ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (465): p. 48-90; 1991. In the series analytic: Groundwater residue sampling design / edited by R.G. Nash and A.R. Leslie. Includes statistical data. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pesticide residues; Groundwater; Water pollution; Sampling; Statistical analysis Abstract: Spatial variability and its affect on groundwater flow and transport is an active research field. The characterization of that spatial (and possible temporal) variability can often be done effectively by using geostatistical techniques. The methods used and the implications for designs and analysis of groundwater transport and pollution problems will be discussed and illustrated. Discussion will include the incorporation of soft-data and their utility. 35 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 AM34 Ground water quality implications of soil conservation measures: an economic perspective. Setia, P.; Piper, S. Bethesda, Md. : American Water Resources Association; 1991 Mar. Water resources bulletin v. 27 (2): p. 201-208; 1991 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Corn belt of U.S.A.; Soil conservation; Groundwater; Water quality; Pesticides; Runoff; Leaching; Agricultural economics; Usda; Federal programs Abstract: An evaluation of the intermedia movement of pesticides applied under various land management systems already in place, or to be implemented, under the Conservation Reserve and Conservation Compliance programs is presented. The simulation modeling approach followed in this analysis consists of a mathematical programming model and leaching/surface runoff, Pesticide Root Zone Model (PRZM) models. Special care was taken to ensure that the physical model was sensitive to the chemical characteristics of individual pesticides and the important physical changes brought about by different agricultural practices. Results show that, although these programs as now planned, increase farm income and achieve soil conservation goals, they may adversely affect ground water quality. Also, depending on soil and location characteristics, there are tradeoffs between surface and ground water quality implications. Hence, if these programs are to address water quality problems, the recommended practices must be evaluated for their impact on water quality, particularly in potentially vulnerable areas. 36 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 Groundwater contamination by atrazine and its metabolites: Risk assessment, policy, and legal implications. Belluck, D.A.; Benjamin, S.L.; Dawson, T. Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1991. ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (459): p. 254-273; 1991. In the series analytic: Pesticide Transformation Products: Fate and significance in the environment / edited by L. Somasundaram and J.R. Coats. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Canada; Atrazine; Contaminants; Degradation; Groundwater; Herbicide residues; Metabolites; Monitoring; Toxicity; Water pollution; Law; Literature reviews; Risk 37 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.O5O5 Groundwater quality and treatment. Kizer, M.A. Stillwater, Okla. : The Service; 1991 Mar. OSU extension facts - Cooperative Extension Service, Oklahoma State University v.): 4 p.; 1991 Mar. In Subseries: Water Quality Series. Language: English Descriptors: Oklahoma; Groundwater; Quality; Testing; Pollutants; Toxins; Water; Hardiness; Nitrate; Fluoride; Iron; Corrosion; Chloride; Sulfate; Microorganisms 38 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 no.465 Groundwater residue sampling design. Nash, Ralph G.,_1930-; Leslie, Anne R., American Chemical Society, Division of Agrochemicals, American Chemical Society, Division of Environmental Chemistry, American Chemical Society, Meeting_1990 :_Boston, Mass.) Washington, D.C. : American Chemical Society,; 1991. xii, 395 p. : ill., maps ; 24 cm. (ACS symposium series, 465). Developed from a symposium sponsored by the Divisions of Agrochemicals and of Environmental Chemistry at the 199th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Boston, Massachusetts, April 22-27, 1990. Includes bibliographical references and indexes. Language: English Descriptors: Agricultural chemicals; Water, Underground; Soil pollution 39 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 Groundwater residue sampling: overview of the approach taken by government agencies. Nash, R.G.; Helling, C.S.; Ragone, S.E.; Leslie, A.R. Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1991. ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (465): p. 1-13; 1991. In the series analytic: Groundwater residue sampling design / edited by R.G. Nash and A.R. Leslie. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pesticide residues; Groundwater; Water pollution; Sampling; Nitrogen Abstract: Recognition that nitrogen applied as fertilizer may reach groundwater has been known for two to three decades. It is only in the past decade that evidence has become available suggesting pesticides may leach to groundwater, also. The evidence, though mostly anecdotal, has raised the nation's awareness of the potential for contamination of our water resources, the need to ascertain the extent of the problem, and ways to prevent it. Because of the complexity of natural systems, an interdisciplinary study approach is needed to provide information for cost-effective solutions to the problem. 40 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 Groundwater-sampling network to study agrochemical effects on water quality in the unconfined aquifer: southeastern Delaware. Denver, J.M. Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1991. ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (465): p. 139-149; 1991. In the series analytic: Groundwater residue sampling design / edited by R.G. Nash and A.R. Leslie. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Delaware; Groundwater; Agricultural chemicals; Water quality; Sampling Abstract: Understanding local and regional groundwater-flow patterns was necessary to design a sampling network to study the movement and distribution of agrochemicals in the unconfined aquifer in southeastern Delaware. Clusters of wells completed at various depths were installed in the expected direction of local groundwater flow along a transect from the center of a 100-ha cultivated field toward a nearby stream. Contrary to expectations, groundwater flow in the study area is almost parallel to the stream, in the direction of regional flow. Consequently, agrochemicals from the site migrate along flow paths from source (recharge) areas to distant regional discharge areas and do not significantly influence the water quality in the stream. The sampling network was expanded upgradient and downgradient from the original site during a second phase of the study. The expanded network provided better understanding of agrochemical distribution relative to regional groundwater-flow patterns. 41 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1E5 Historical inputs of polychlorinated biphenyls and other organochlorines to a dated lacustrine sediment core in rural England. Sanders, G.; Jones, K.C.; Hamliton-Taylor, J. Washington, D.C. : American Chemical Society; 1992 Sep. Environmental science & technology v. 26 (9): p. 1815-1821; 1992 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: England; Organochlorine pesticides; Lacustrine deposits; Sediment; Core sampling; Lakes; Rural areas 42 NAL Call. No.: GB701.W375 no.91-4006 Hydrology and the hypothetical effects of reducing nutrient applications of water quality in the Bald Eagle Creek Headwaters, southeastern Pennsylvania prior to implementation of agricultural best-management practices. Fishel, David K.; Langland, Michael J.; Truhlar, Mark V. Susquehanna River Basin Commission, Pennsylvania, Dept. of Environmental Resources, Pennsylvania, Bureau of Soil and Water Conservation, Geological Survey (U.S.),United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Chesapeake Bay Program Lemoyne, Pa. : U.S. Geological Survey ; Denver, Colo. : Books and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],; 1991. vi, 59 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. (Water-resources investigations report ; 91-4006). Water-Quality Study for the Chesapeake Bay Program. Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-59). Language: English Descriptors: Stream measurements; Water quality; Fertilizers; Hydrology 43 NAL Call. No.: QD241.T6 Impact of DDT spraying on the residue levels in soil, chicken, fish-pond water, carp, and human milk samples from malaria infested villages in Central Java. Noegrohati, S.; Sardjoko; Untung, K.; Hammers, W.E. Reading : Gordon and Breach Science Publishers; 1992. Toxicological and environmental chemistry v. 34 (2/4): p. 237-251; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Java; Ddt; Pesticide residues; Environmental impact; Soil; Fowls; Eggs; Carp; Human milk Abstract: Samples were collected at some villages in Central Java, sprayed with DDT to control outbreaks of malaria, 2, 8 and 24 years before sampling. The impacts of DDT spraying on the residue levels in soil and chicken, water and fish, and human milk, and the daily intake by nursed infants are evaluated. 44 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32T Impact of pesticides on shallow groundwater quality. Gish, T.J.; Isensee, A.R.; Nash, R.G.; Helling, C.S. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1991 Jul. Transactions of the ASAE v. 34 (4): p. 1745-1753; 1991 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Maryland; Alachlor; Atrazine; Carbofuran; Cyanazine; Groundwater; Monitoring; Movement in soil; Pesticide residues; Tillage; Water pollution; Water quality Abstract: A three-year field study was initiated in 1986 to determine the impact of tillage practice, mode of pesticide application, and pesticide formulation on chemical transport. The 1.28-ha field site was divided into four plots, two each devoted to no-till and conventional tillage management. Pesticide transport was evaluated by monitoring the rate of change in concentrations of pesticides in a shallow perched water table, located approximately 1 m below the soil surface. Pesticides monitored included atrazine, alachlor, cyanazine and carbofuran. All three herbicides were applied as a single broadcast spray: granular insecticide carbofuran was band- injected at planting. 45 NAL Call. No.: TD426.J68 Importance of closely spaced vertical sampling in delineating chemical and microbiological gradients in groundwater studies. Smith, R.L.; Harvey, R.W.; LeBlanc, D.R. Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Feb. Journal of contaminant hydrology v. 7 (3): p. 285-300. ill., maps; 1991 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Massachusetts; Groundwater pollution; Aquifers; Pollutants; Bacteria; Nitrates; Organic compounds; Profiles; Hydraulic conductivity; Movement in soil; Vertical movement; Samples; Collection; Gradients 46 NAL Call. No.: TD172.J6 Intrusion indices--a measure of groundwater quality. Martin, D.F.; Norris, C.D.; Martin, B.B. New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1991. Journal of environmental science and health : Part A : Environmental science and engineering v. 26 (6): p. 899-910; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Florida; Groundwater pollution; Chlorides; Sulfates; Nitrates; Aquifers; Water quality; Monitoring 47 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Laboratory-scale ozonation of water contaminated with trace pesticides. Koga, M.; Kadokami, K.; Shinohara, R. Oxford : Pergamon Press; 1992. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research and Control v. 26 (9/11): p. 2257-2260; 1992. In the series analytic: Water Quality International '92. Part 5 / edited by M. Suzuki, et.al. Proceedings of the Sixteenth Biennial Conference of the International Association on Water Pollution Research and Control held May 24-30, 1992, Washington, D.C. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Water pollution; Pesticide residues; River water; Tap water; Samples; Gas chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Ozone; Hydrogen peroxide; Oxidation 48 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 IO9PA Lessons from monitoring surveys. Padgitt, S.C. Ames, Iowa : The Service; 1991 Jan. PM - Iowa State University, Cooperative Extension Service (1417): p. 125-129; 1991 Jan. In the series analytic: Integrated Farm Management Demonstration Program. 1990 Progress Report. Language: English Descriptors: Iowa; Integrated pest management; Groundwater pollution; Pesticides; Surveys 49 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 IO9PA Lessons from monitoring surveys. Padgitt, S.C. Ames, Iowa : The Service; 1992 Jan. PM - Iowa State University, Cooperative Extension Service (1467): p. 68-72; 1992 Jan. Language: English Descriptors: Iowa; Demonstration farms; Farm surveys; Farmers' attitudes; Nitrogen; Fertilizers; Weed control; Groundwater pollution 50 NAL Call. No.: S583.A7 Liquid chromatographic determination of pesticides in finished drinking waters: collaborative study. Edgell, K.W.; Erb, E.J.; Longbottom, J.E.; Lopez-Avila, V. Arlington, VA : AOAC International; 1992 Sep. Journal of AOAC International v. 75 (5): p. 858-871; 1992 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Drinking water; Water; Comparisons; Water quality; Pesticide residues; Determination; Hplc; Performance testing 51 NAL Call. No.: QH540.I52 A liquid membrane enrichment technique for integrating field sampling in water applied to MCPA. Mathiasson, L.; Nilve, G.; Ulen, B. Reading: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers; 1991. International journal of environmental analytical chemistry v. 45 (2): p. 117-125; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mcpa; Herbicide residues; Water pollution; Analytical methods; Sampling; Liquid chromatography 52 NAL Call. No.: TD172.A7 Long-term monitoring of aldicarb residues in groundwater beneath a Canadian potato field. Priddle, M.W.; Mutch, J.P.; Jackson, R.E. New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1992 Feb. Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology v. 22 (2): p. 183-189; 1992 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Prince edward Island; Aldicarb; Insecticide residues; Groundwater pollution; Solanum tuberosum; Fields; Monitoring; Long term experiments 53 NAL Call. No.: SB610.2.B74 Measurement and modelling of pesticide residues at Rosemaund Farm. Williams, R.J.; Brooke, D.N.; Glendinning, P.J.; Matthiessen, P.; Mills, M.J.; Turnbull, A. Surrey : BCPC Registered Office; 1991. Brighton Crop Protection Conference-Weeds v. 2: p. 507-514; 1991. Conference held November 18-21, 1991, Brighton, England. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: England; Pesticide residues; Water pollution; Models 54 NAL Call. No.: TD426.J68 Measurement of aldicarb degradation and movement in upstate New York and Massachusetts potato fields (U.S.A.). Jones, R.L.; Kirkland, S.D.; Chancey, E.L.; Porter, K.S.; Walker, M.; Ferro, D.N. Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1992 Aug. Journal of contaminant hydrology v. 10 (3): p. 251-271; 1992 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: New York; Massachusetts; Aldicarb; Insecticide residues; Degradation; Movement in soil; Soil pollution; Groundwater pollution; Solanum tuberosum; Fields 55 NAL Call. No.: QH540.I52 Measurement of bimolecular rate constants k(i) of the cholinesterase inactivation reaction by 55 insecticides and of the influence of various pyridiniumoximes on k(i). Herzsprung, P.; Weil, L.; Niessner, R. Reading: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers; 1992. International journal of environmental analytical chemistry v. 47 (3): p. 181-200; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Insecticides; Carbamate insecticides; Insecticide residues; Organophosphorus insecticides; Cholinesterase; Enzyme activity; Inhibition; Bioassays; Acetylcholinesterase; Oximes; Water pollution; Oxidation 56 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 The Measurement of bioavailable phosphorus in agricultural runoff. Sharpley, A.N.; Troeger, W.W.; Smith, S.J. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Jan. Journal of environmental quality v. 20 (1): p. 235-238; 1991 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Oklahoma; Phosphorus fertilizers; Losses from soil systems; Runoff; Sediment; Surface water; Bioavailability; Extraction; Methodology; Nutrient uptake; Algae; Growth; Indicator plants; Water pollution Abstract: The role of sediment-bound or particulate P in agricultural runoff in accelerating the biological productivity of surface water can be assessed if the biological availability of particulate P (PP) is known. Previous research has indicated amounts of P extracted from deposited river md lake sediments by 0.1 M NaOH to be correlated with P uptake by the alga Selenastrum capricornutum. This study investigates a modification of this extraction to allow routine quantification of potentially bioavailable particulate P (BPP) content of agricultural runoff from the Reddish Prairies and Rolling Red Plains land resource areas. In the proposed method, 20 mL of unfiltered runoff is shaken with 180 mL of 0.11 M NaOH for 17 b and BPP concentration calculated by subtraction of the soluble P (SP) concentration of the runoff sample. Total bioavailable P concentration (TBP) of runoff can be represented by BPP plus SP concentration. Growth of P-starved S. capricornutum, incubated for up to 29 d with runoff sediment from nine watersheds, as the sole P source, was correlated (r2 = 0.76 to 0.95) with potentially BPP content of the added sediment. Sample dilution had no effect on the amount of P extracted from runoff sediment by NaOH across a range in sediment concentration of the extraction medium, equivalent to that observed for 95% of the runoff events. If the sediment concentration of runoff exceeds 20 g L-1, at smaller runoff sample is used in the extraction. The results indicate the applicability of the proposed extraction method to quantify the bioavailability of P transported in agricultural runoff. 57 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1E5 Method development for monitoring pesticides in enivornmental waters: liquid-solid extraction followed by liquid chromatography. Di Corica, A.; Marchetti, M. Washington, D.C. : American Chemical Society; 1992 Jan. Environmental science & technology v. 26 (1): p. 66-74; 1992 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Groundwater; River water; Pesticide residues; Monitoring; Analytical methods; Hplc 58 NAL Call. No.: TD172.A7 A method for the trace analysis of naptalam (N-1- naphthylphthalamic acid) in water. Wolfe, M.F.; Seiber, J.N. New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1992 Jul. Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology v. 23 (1): p. 137-141; 1992 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Water pollution; Naptalam; Herbicide residues; Chemical analysis; Water; Sampling; Analytical methods 59 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 Minimum cost sample allocation. Mason, R.E.; Boland, J. Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1991. ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (465): p. 91-107; 1991. In the series analytic: Groundwater residue sampling design / edited by R.G. Nash and A.R. Leslie. Includes statistical data. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pesticide residues; Groundwater; Water pollution; Statistical analysis; Models; Variance; Sampling Abstract: A procedure for determining the minimum cost allocation of samples subject to multiple variance constraints is described. The procedure is illustrated using information developed for the National Pesticide Survey conducted by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. 60 NAL Call. No.: TD172.A7 Mitotic toxicity, sister chromatid exchange, and rec assay of pesticides. Kuroda, K.; Yamaguchi, Y.; Endo, G. New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1992 Jul. Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology v. 23 (1): p. 13-18; 1992 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Japan; Pesticides; Drinking water; Mitosis; Toxicity; Sister chromatid exchange; Microbial activities; Dna repair; Tests 61 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 Monitoring agrochemical transport into shallow unconfined aquifers. Staver, K.W.; Brinsfield, R.B. Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1991. ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (465): p. 264-278; 1991. In the series analytic: Groundwater residue sampling design / edited by R.G. Nash and A.R. Leslie. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Groundwater; Water pollution; Agricultural chemicals; Monitoring; Leaching Abstract: Recent documentation of agrochemical contamination of groundwater has suggested that agricultural practices need to be modified in order to reduce contaminant leaching from the root zone. Developing agricultural practices which maintain groundwater quality requires quantitative sampling approaches that allow determination of contaminant transport rates for specific practices. Increasingly widespread evidence of the transient and spatially variable nature of solute transport in the vadose zone suggests that sampling groundwater may provide the most reliable method for determining solute leaching rates, particularly where the water table is located close to the soil surface. Hydraulic gradients in the groundwater component of a vadose zone- unconfined aquifer flow system are generally lower and more stable than those in the unsaturated region, resulting in less transient flow conditions during recharge periods. As the thickness or water holding capacity of the vadose zone increases, the transport of solutes from the root zone to groundwater becomes less direct, requiring more solute data collection from the unsaturated region of the soil profile. Water and solute storage in the vadose zone immediately above the water table will alter leachate solute levels during recharge, to an extent determined by the water holding characteristics of the profile. Stratification of groundwater solute levels near the water table as a consequence of changes in root zone leaching rates requires discrete well screen placement based on water table fluctuation patterns if groundwater sampling is to be used to establish leaching rates for specific agricultural practices. 62 NAL Call. No.: 100 AR42F Monitoring Northwest Arkansas springs for herbicides, nitrates and phosphates. Dehart, B.A.; Lavy, T.L.; Mattice, J.D. Fayetteville, Ark. : The Station; 1991 Jan. Arkansas farm research - Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station v. 40 (1): p. 9; 1991 Jan. Language: English Descriptors: Arkansas; Water pollution; Springs (water); Herbicides; Nitrates; Phosphates 63 NAL Call. No.: 100 AR42F Monitoring Northwest Arkansas springs for herbicides, nitrates, and phosphates. Dehart, B.A.; Lavy, T.L.; Mattice, J.D. Fayetteville, Ark. : The Station; 1991 Jan. Arkansas farm research - Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station v. 40 (1): p. 9; 1991 Jan. Language: English Descriptors: Arkansas; Springs (water); Water pollution; Herbicides; Nitrates; Phosphates 64 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E58 Monitoring organochlorines in blood of sharp-shinned hawks (Accipiter striatus) migrating through the Great Lakes. Elliott, J.E.; Shutt, L. Tarrytown, N.Y. : Pergamon Press; 1993 Feb. Environmental toxicology and chemistry v. 12 (2): p. 241-250; 1993 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Ontario; Michigan; Accipiter striatus; Organochlorine pesticides; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Blood plasma; Seasonal migration; Spring; Autumn; Residues; Persistence; Seasonal fluctuations; Sex differences; Age; Predatory birds; Indicator species 65 NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3 Monitoring water for agricultural wastes and agrichemicals: January 1982-July 1990. Kuske, J. Beltsville, Md. : The Library; 1991 Mar. Quick bibliography series - U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library (U.S.). (91-52): 25 p.; 1991 Mar. Bibliography. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality; Agricultural wastes; Agricultural chemicals; Bibliographies 66 NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3 Monitoring water for agricultural wastes and agrichemicals-- January 1990-June 1992. Holloway, D. Beltsville, Md. : The Library; 1992 Sep. Quick bibliography series - U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library (U.S.). (92-68): 62 p.; 1992 Sep. Updates QB 91-52. Bibliography. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality; Agricultural wastes; Groundwater pollution; Agricultural chemicals; Bibliographies 67 NAL Call. No.: TD403.G7 Multivariate geostatistical analysis of ground-water contamination: a case history. Istok, J.D.; Smyth, J.D.; Flint, A.L. Dublin, Ohio : Ground Water Pub. Co; 1993 Jan. Ground water v. 31 (1): p. 63-74; 1993 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Oregon; Groundwater pollution; Pesticide residues; Nitrates; Aquifers; Water; Sampling; Multivariate analysis 68 NAL Call. No.: TD223.N36 1992 Nutrient management educational initiative: using demonstration and research plots and the Penn State nitrogen quick test in the Upper Conestoga RCWP. Anderson, R. Washington, DC : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 1992. Proceedings: the National RCWP Symposium : 10 years of controlling agricultural nonpoint source pollution : the RCWP experience : Sept 13-17, 1992, Orlando, Florida. p. 321-331; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Water quality; Water management; Nitrogen content 69 NAL Call. No.: 381 J8223 Performance of the Goulden large-sample extractor in multiclass pesticide isolation and preconcentration from stream water. Foster, G.D.; Foremen, W.T.; Gates, P.M. Washington, D.C. : American Chemical Society; 1991 Sep. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry v. 39 (9): p. 1618-1622; 1991 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pesticide residues; Chemical analysis; Water; Extraction; Extractors Abstract: The reliability of the Goulden large-sample extractor in preconcentrating pesticides from water was evaluated from the recoveries of 35 pesticides amended to filtered stream waters. Recoveries greater than 90% were observed for many of the pesticides in each major chemical class, but recoveries for some of the individual pesticides varied in seemingly unpredictable ways. Corrections cannot yet be factored into liquid-liquid extraction theory to account for matrix effect, which were apparent between the two stream waters tested. The Goulden large-sample extractor appears to be well suited for rapid chemical screening applications, with quantitative analysis requiring special quality control considerations. 70 NAL Call. No.: TD172.A7 Pesticide and polychlorinated biphenyl residues in waters at the mouth of the Grand, Saugeen, and Thames Rivers, Ontario, Canada, 1986-1990. Frank, R.; Logan, L.; Clegg, B.S. New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1991 Nov. Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology v. 21 (4): p. 585-595; 1991 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Ontario; River water; Water pollution; Pesticide residues; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Agricultural land; Watersheds; Water; Samples; Chemical analysis; Soil conservation; Water conservation 71 NAL Call. No.: QD241.T6 Pesticide transport modelling in soil for risk assessment of groundwater contamination. Matthies, M.; Behrendt, H. London : Gordon and Breach Science Publishers; 1991. Toxicological and environmental chemistry v. 31/32: p. 357-365; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: 2,4,5-t; Pesticide residues; Movement in soil; Soil water movement; Groundwater pollution Abstract: The risk of groundwater contamination with pesticides applied to soil surface depends on the soil properties, the agricultural practices, the climatic influences, and on the properties of the pesticides themselves. The EXSOL model was developed for the simulation of the transport and fate of pesticides and organic in soils. The dynamics of mobility, accumulation and degradation can be studied under various soil and climatic conditions. Transient water flow is provided from a simulation model of the field water balance. The percentages of the herbicide 2,4-5- trichlorophenoxyacetic acid in a luvisol soil after a single application in summer are compared with model calculations using sorption coefficients from laboratory column studies. The calculated percentages lie within the measured range, except for those in the deeper soil layer. The underestimation can be explained with preferential flow in macropores which may have occurred during the heavy rainfall six days after application. 72 NAL Call. No.: 100 AR42F Pesticides monitored in surface and well water samples. Lavy, T.L.; Senseman, S.A.; Mattice, J.D.; Skulman, B.W.; Daniel, T.C. Fayetteville, Ark. : The Station; 1992 Jul. Arkansas farm research - Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station v. 41 (4): p. 16-17; 1992 Jul. Language: English Descriptors: Arkansas; Pesticide residues; Groundwater pollution; Surface water; Water pollution; Atrazine; Monitoring 73 NAL Call. No.: HD1773.A2N6 Physical and economic model integration for measurement of the environmental impacts of agricultural chemical use. Antle, J.M.; Capalbo, S.M. Morgantown, W.Va. : The Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics Association; 1991 Apr. Northeastern journal of agricultural and resource economics v. 20 (1): p. 68-82; 1991 Apr. Paper submitted in response to call for papers on the theme "The Effects of Agricultural Production on Environmental Quality.". Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Groundwater; Surface water; Water quality; Agricultural chemicals; Usage; Environmental impact; Measurement; Agricultural production; Cost benefit analysis; Models 74 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32T Preferential movement of atrazine and cyanazine under field conditions. Gish, T.J.; Helling, C.S.; Mojasevic, M. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1991 Jul. Transactions of the ASAE v. 34 (4): p. 1699-1705; 1991 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Maryland; Atrazine; Cyanazine; Field tests; Groundwater; Movement in soil; Silt loam soils; Water pollution Abstract: The relative importance of preferential pesticide transport in agricultural soils was determined in a two-phase study conducted on a silt loam soil in Maryland. The first phase (1984) consisted of evaluating persistence and mobility of atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine] and cyanazine [2-chloro-4-(l-cyano-l-methylethylarnino)-6- ethylamino-s-triazine] under no-tillage corn management. The second phase (1986) dealt with persistence and mobility of the same herbicides on fallow tilled soil subjected to frequent, large water inputs. Although preferential flow was observed under both treatments and water regimes, the no-till system had the most rapid movement of herbicide relative to water inputs. Additionally, all treatments indicated that the greatest potential movement of surface-applied pesticide occurred with the first water input subsequent to application. Once the pesticide has been preferentially transported, it appears to diffuse into the soil matrix, where it is no longer subject to significant preferential movement. Based on field data and calculated mass balance, persistence of atrazine and cyanazine was unaffected by tillage practice and water regime. 75 NAL Call. No.: QH540.N3 Principles of monitoring and analysis. Nachtnebel, H.P.; Duckstein, L.; Bogardi, I. Berlin, W. Ger. : Springer-Verlag; 1991. NATO ASI series : Series G : Ecological sciences v. 30: p. 115-127; 1991. In the series analytic: Nitrate contamination: Exposure, consequence, and control / edited by I. Bogardi and R.D. Kuzelka. Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Nitrate Contamination: Exposure, Consequences, and Control, September 9-14, 1990, Lincoln, Nebraska. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nitrate; Nitrate fertilizers; Groundwater pollution; Water quality; Monitoring 76 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 W27P Protect your groundwater: survey your homestead environment. Adams, E.B. Pullman, Wash. : The Service; 1991 Sep. Extension bulletin - Washington State University, Cooperative Extension Service (1631): 4 p.; 1991 Sep. Language: English Descriptors: Washington; Groundwater; Groundwater pollution; Farms; Environmental assessment; Agricultural chemicals 77 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 W27P Protecting groundwater: managing livestock on small acreage. Schmidt, J.L.; Wolfley, B.F. Pullman, Wash. : The Service; 1992 Oct. Extension bulletin - Washington State University, Cooperative Extension Service (1713): 6 p.; 1992 Oct. Language: English Descriptors: Washington; Groundwater; Water pollution; Farm management; Practice; Feedlot wastes; Fencing; Grazing; Soil test values; Weed control; Pastures 78 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 IO9PA Protecting our water quality with effective soil sampling. Miller, G.; Zahn, D.R. Ames, Iowa : The Service; 1991 Jul. PM - Iowa State University, Cooperative Extension Service (1428c): 4 p.; 1991 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Soil analysis; Sampling; Fertilizers; Water quality 79 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.N9C46 Protecting your ground water through farmstead assessment: a self-help checklist. Hermes, M. Fargo, N.D. : The University; 1992 Jan. NDSU Extension Service [publication] - North Dakota State University (AE-1027): 4 p.; 1992 Jan. Language: English Descriptors: Groundwater pollution; Wells; Agricultural chemicals; Farm storage; Handling; Waste disposal; Checklists 80 NAL Call. No.: RA1270.P35A1 Quantification of alachlor in water by a novel magnetic particle-based ELISA. Lawruk, T.S.; Hottenstein, C.S.; Herzog, D.P.; Rubio, F.M. New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1992 May. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology v. 48 (5): p. 643-650; 1992 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Alachlor; Herbicide residues; Groundwater; Water quality; Testing; Magnetic separation; Elisa; Quantitative analysis 81 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P Relationships between corn yields and soil nitrate in late spring. Binford, G.D.; Blackmer, A.M.; Cerrato, M.E. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Jan. Agronomy journal v. 84 (1): p. 53-59; 1992 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Iowa; Zea mays; Nitrogen fertilizers; Application rates; Nitrate nitrogen; Crop yield; Grain; Soil fertility; Spring; Sampling; Depth; Plant height; Crop growth stage Abstract: Recent studies have shown good correlations between corn (Zea mays L.) yields and concentrations of NO3, in the surface 30-cm layer of soil in late spring. Here we report additional correlations and evaluate the benefits of sampling to 60 cm instead of to 30 cm only. The study involved 45 site- years (1346 plot-years) of data collected in 1987, 1988, and 1989 in Iowa. Weather conditions were dryer than normal, with a severe drought occurring in 1988. Each site-year included seven to 10 rates of N applied before planting. Samples representing the surface 0- to 30-cm and the 30- to 60-cm layers of soils were collected when corn plants were 15 to 30 cm tall. Nitrate concentrations in these soil layers were correlated with grain yields. The deeper sampling slightly improved the correlations between grain yields and soil NO3, concentrations, but the advantage was probably not great enough to justify the costs of the deeper sampling. The critical concentration of NO3, was 23 to 26 mg N kg-1 in the surface 30-cm layer or soil and 16 to 19 mg N kg-1 in the surface 60-cm layer of soil. Overall, the results support the idea that a soil test based on concentrations of NO3, in the surface 30-cm layer of soil when corn plants are 15 to 30 cm tall has great promise for improving N management during corn production. 82 NAL Call. No.: TD172.J61 Residue levels of chlorinated hydrocarbon compounds in water and sediment samples from Nile branches in the Delta, Egypt. El-Gendy, K.S.; Abdalla, A.A.; Aly, H.A.; Tantawy, G.; El- Sebae, A.H. New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1991. Journal of environmental science and health : Part B : Pesticides, food contaminants, and agricultural wastes v. 26 (1): p. 15-36. maps; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Egypt; Chlorinated hydrocarbons; Pesticide residues; Water pollution; River water; Sediment; Samples 83 NAL Call. No.: SB951.P47 Residues of the algicide endothal in water, soil and rice, after paddy field applications. Maini, P. Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1992. Pesticide science v. 34 (1): p. 45-52; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Italy; Endothal; Herbicide residues; Paddy soils; Rice; Ponds; Flooded rice; Fields; Formulations; Application rates; Application methods; Degradation; Half life; Algicides; Monitoring Abstract: In order to obtain residue data from the application of the algicide endothal in Italian rice paddy fields, two experiments were carried out using a 50 g kg-1 granular formulation in a small pond and the same granular and two liquid formulations in actual paddy fields of the Italian rice growing area. Endothal decay in the pond water was very rapid, reaching residue levels of 0.01-0.02 mg litre-1 in two days and 0.004-0.01 mg litre-1 at the third day. The muddy soil of the pond was free from measurable endothal residues (< 0.02 mg kg-1). In the paddy-field waters, the endothal decay was slower, with an average half-life time of 3.3 days, independently of the type of formulation. The actual residues in water after 6 days ranged from 0.3 to 1.3 mg litre-1 according to the initial amount of product applied, and, consequently, to the initial concentration in water. Rice samples collected at the normal harvest time from the two paddy fields, treated with three different formulations, showed no endothal residue at the minimum detectable level of 0.01 mg kg-1. 84 NAL Call. No.: NBULD3656.5 1992 L4459 Risk assessment and risk management for nitrate-contaminated groundwater supplies. Lee, Yong W. 1992; 1992. x, 136 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English 85 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 Sampling groundwater in a northeastern U.S. watershed. Pionke, H.B.; Urban, J.B.; Gburek, W.J.; Rogowski, A.S.; Schnabel, R.R. Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1991. ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (465): p. 222-241; 1991. In the series analytic: Groundwater residue sampling design / edited by R.G. Nash and A.R. Leslie. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Northeastern states of U.S.A.; Groundwater; Agricultural chemicals; Nitrates; Water pollution; Sampling; Watersheds Abstract: The sampling of groundwater, particularly for nitrates, is examined in a flow system and watershed context. A groundwater flow dominated watershed located in east-central Pennsylvania provides an example and basis for this analysis. Groundwater sampling is also viewed from a groundwater recharge (percolate) and discharge (streamflow) perspective. Some spatial and timing controls are described and examined in terms of where and when to sample. 86 NAL Call. No.: RA1270.P35A1 Seasonal fluctuations of organochlorine compounds in the water of the Strimon River (N. Greece). Kilikidis, S.D.; Kamarianos, A.P.; Karamanlis, X.N. New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1992 Sep. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology v. 49 (3): p. 375-380; 1992 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Greece; Organochlorine pesticides; Polychlorinated biphenyls; River water; Water pollution; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Monitoring; Seasonal fluctuations 87 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E58 A simple stream-side test system for deteriming acute lethal and behavioral effects of pesticides on aquatic insects. Kreutzweiser, D.P.; Capell, S.S. Elmsford, N.Y. : Pergamon Press; 1992 Jul. Environmental toxicology and chemistry v. 11 (7): p. 993-999; 1992 Jul. Paper presented at the "Symposium on Structure- Activity and Structure-Property Relationships in Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Pacifichen '89," December 17-22, 1989, Honolulu, Hawaii. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki; Hexazinone; Permethrin; Triclopyr; Aquatic insects; Toxicity; Tests; Animal behavior; Streams; Pesticide residues; Nontarget organisms; Nontarget effects; Water pollution 88 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO32 Small-scale ground water monitoring for 1,3-dichloropropene in southwest Florida. Obreza, T.A.; Ontermaa, E.O. S.l. : The Society; 1991. Proceedings - Soil and Crop Science Society of Florida v. 50: p. 94-98; 1991. Paper presented at the "Symposium on Reality of Sustainable Agriculture in Florida, September 26-28, 1990, Daytona Beach, FLorida. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Florida; Water pollution; Groundwater; 1,3- dichloropropene; Pesticide residues 89 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 SO3 Soil sampling and nutrient variability in dairy animal holding areas. Anderson, D.L.; Hanlon, E.A.; Miller, O.P.; Hoge, V.R.; Diaz, O.A. Baltimore, Md. : Williams & Wilkins; 1992 Apr. Soil science v. 153 (4): p. 314-321; 1992 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Florida; Spodosols; Sandy soils; Surface layers; Soil testing; Sampling; Assessment; Nutrient content; Phosphorus; Potassium; Calcium; Aluminum; Iron; Sodium; Soil organic matter; Soil ph; Soil variability; Spatial variation; Nutrient availability; Nutrient retention; Movement in soil; Spodic horizons; Dairy wastes; Population density; Topography; Water pollution 90 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 Soil-pan method for studying pesticide dissipation on soil. Hill, B.D.; Inaba, D.J.; Schaalje, G.B. Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1991. ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (465): p. 358-366; 1991. In the series analytic: Groundwater residue sampling design / edited by R.G. Nash and A.R. Leslie. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pesticide residues; Water pollution; Soil; Sampling Abstract: To predict the amount of pesticide that could leach through the soil and contaminate groundwater requires information about the residue levels at the soil surface over time. A soil-pan method has been developed to estimate surface residues and their dissipation rates. An indoor spray chamber is used to apply the pesticide to soil contained in metal flats, the treated flats are moved outdoors and set into a field, and the soil is sampled over the season by taking four cores per flat. Using this method, it was determined that the emulsifiable concentrate formulation of deltamethrin dissipated faster than the Flowable formulation. When the soil-pan method was compared with a field-plot method, the dissipation of lambda-cyhalothrin was faster in the soil pans. Monitoring the soil temperature and moisture indicated that both were slightly higher in the soil pans than in the adjacent field plots. At present, the soil-pan method is best suited for the direct comparison of different treatments. 91 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 SO39 Some concepts concerning soil site assessment for water quality. Mausbach, M.J.; Nielsen, R.D. Madison, Wis. : Soil Science Society of America; 1991. Soil survey horizons v. 32 (1): p. 18-25; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality; Land evaluation; Surface water; Contamination; Groundwater pollution; Contaminants; Nutrients; Pesticides; Site factors; Soil types; Runoff; Soil water; Geometry; Vertical movement; Horizontal infiltration; Slope; Geomorphology; Surface layers; Soil properties; Soil formation; Land use; Land management; Tillage; Spatial variation; Temporal variation; Horizons; Profiles; Catchment hydrology 92 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 Study design to investigate and simulate agrochemical movement and fate in groundwater recharge. Asmussen, L.E.; Smith, C.N. Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1991. ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (465): p. 150-164; 1991. In the series analytic: Groundwater residue sampling design / edited by R.G. Nash and A.R. Leslie. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Georgia; Groundwater; Agricultural chemicals; Water quality; Water pollution; Sampling; Mathematical models Abstract: The vulnerability of aquifers to contamination by agrochemicals is relatively high in the southeastern Coastal Plain. Transport and fate of agrochemicals in either the root, unsaturated, or saturated zones can be simulated by existing mathematical models. However, a linked mathematical model is needed to simulate the movement and degradation from the point of application through the unsaturated zone, and into groundwater. The United States Geological Survey and Agricultural Research Service initiated a cooperative investigation in 1986. In 1988, the United States Environmental Protection Agency joined the research investigation. These agencies are sharing technical expertise and resources to develop an understanding of physical, chemical, and biological processes and to evaluate their spatial and temporal variability; and to develop and validate linked model(s) that would describe chemical transport and fate. Study sites have been selected in the Fall Line Hills district of the Coastal Plain province. The Claiborne aquifer recharge area is located in this district near Plains, Georgia. Instrumentation to measure water and chemical transport has been installed. 93 NAL Call. No.: SB951.P47 Study of pesticides in waters from a Chalk catchment, Cambridgeshire. Clark, L.; Gomme, J.; Hennings, S. Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1991. Pesticide science v. 32 (1): p. 15-33; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Uk; Water pollution; Water quality; Pesticides; Triazines; Usage; Research projects; Watersheds; Environmental assessment; River water; Rain; Groundwater; Monitoring; Catchment hydrology; Unsaturated flow; Chalk soils Abstract: WRc are undertaking a long term study of pesticides in the aquatic environment. A study of the pesticides in the rain, water and groundwater of the Granta catchment in Cambridgeshire is now in its fourth year. Preliminary results are presented and the concentrations of agricultural pesticides in environmental waters are related to the land-use is within the catchment. The Granta study is incomplete but certain anomalies in pesticides occurrence can be identified. In particular, the triazines are much more prevalent in the groundwater than their agricultural usage would lead one to expect. The limited data base gives problems with modelling the contaminant transport in groundwater. The present situation is reviewed and areas of future work necessary to fulfil the modelling needs identified. These areas of study are: the historical land-use and pesticide usage; the groundwater quality data base; the pesticide transport in the unsaturated zone. 94 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E58 Surfactants at low concentrations stimulate biodegradation of sorbed hydrocarbons in samples of aquifer sands and soil slurries. Aronstein, B.N.; Alexander, M. Tarrytown, N.Y. : Pergamon Press; 1992 Sep. Environmental toxicology and chemistry v. 11 (9): p. 1227-1233; 1992 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nonionic surfactants; Microbial degradation; Phenanthrene; Biphenyl; Sand; Silt loam soils; Slurries; Desorption; Mineralization; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Stimulation; Water; Pollution 95 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 Tension lysimeters for collecting soil percolate. Angle, J.S.; McIntosh, M.S.; Hill, R.L. Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1991. ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (465): p. 290-299; 1991. In the series analytic: Groundwater residue sampling design / edited by R.G. Nash and A.R. Leslie. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Groundwater; Water pollution; Agricultural chemicals; Lysimeters; Sampling; Soil water; Movement Abstract: Tension lysimeters are widely used to sample soil percolate. A vacuum is applied to the interior of a porous ceramic cup and soil percolate is pulled into the cup and held until collection. Many questions, however, exist as to the proper use of lysimeters. Foremost among the questions is the source of water which is pulled into the lysimeter. Lysimeters generally collect larger volumes of percolate during peak flow events when soil water is being retained at lower suctions, and thus may not accurately estimate the magnitude of solute losses. Problems also exist in the use of lysimeters to measure specific pollutants. Many pesticides are volatile, especially under reduced pressure, and concentrations are likely to be underestimated using tension lysimeters. Nutrient analysis of percolate collected with lysimeters is often skewed due to adsorption or desorption of inorganic ions. An additional problem exists with the analysis of resulting data. Since sampling times are not randomized, usual assumptions for analyses, such as independence of error, may not be valid. Measurements are often lognormally distributed and thus require transformation. 96 NAL Call. No.: RA1270.P35A1 Total arsenic in water, fish, and sediments from Lake Xolotlan, Managua, Nicaragua. Lacayo, M.L.; Cruz, A.; Calero, S.; Lacayo, J.; Fomsgaard, I. New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1992 Sep. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology v. 49 (3): p. 463-470; 1992 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nicaragua; Arsenicals; Lakes; Water; Fishes; Sediment; Measurement 97 NAL Call. No.: RA565.A1J6 Toxicity assessment of atrazine, alachlor, and carbofuran and their respective environmental metabolites using microtox. Kross, B.C.; Vergara, A.; Raue, L.E. Washington, D.C. : Hemisphere Publishing; 1992 Sep. Journal of toxicology and environmental health v. 37 (1): p. 149-159; 1992 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Alachlor; Atrazine; Carbofuran; Metabolites; Toxicity; Bioassays; Photobacterium; Groundwater pollution; Drinking water 98 NAL Call. No.: TD403.G7 Tracer test evaluation of a drainage ditch capture zone. Chambers, L.W.; Bahr, J.M. Dublin, Ohio : Ground Water Pub. Co; 1992 Sep. Ground water v. 30 (5): p. 667-675; 1992 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Wisconsin; Groundwater pollution; Agricultural chemicals; Spread; Prevention; Drainage; Ditches; Tracers; Iodide; Bromide; Tests; Prediction; Capacity; Analytical methods; Models; Movement in soil 99 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Transformation and sorption of 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane in subsurface samples collected at Fresno, California. Deeley, G.M.; Reinhard, M.; Stearns, S.M. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Jul. Journal of environmental quality v. 20 (3): p. 547-556; 1991 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: California; Dbcp; Transformation; Sorption; Groundwater; Aquifers; Slurries; Temperature Abstract: The transformation rate of 1,2-dibromo-3- chloropropane (DBCP) was determined in phosphate buffer solution, in groundwater, and in groundwater/aquifer solid slurries from ambient temperatures to 72 degrees C. From the disappearance data, the apparent Arrhenius constants for DBCP transformation were calculated and found to decrease in Ea with temperature from 19.2 (plus or minus 2.4) kcal mol-1 in the 55 to 72 degrees C range to 12.5 (plus or minus 1.8) kcal mol-1 in the 21 to 55 degrees C range. Low sorption values were an indication that sorption does not play a major role in the aquifer being studied. No significant difference in the disappearance rates was observed in the buffer solution (corrected for buffer effects) and in groundwater with and without solids added. However, in the phosphate buffer solution, dehydrohalogenation appeared to be the favored transformation process in contrast to the groundwater systems where hydrolysis seemed to predominate. This apparent influence of dissolved constituents or temperature on transformation mechanism or rate may restrain the use of direct extrapolation of data between systems. Applying the transformation data from this study to median field parameters, a DBCP half-life of 6.1 yr was calculated for typical groundwater conditions in California (pH 7.8 and 21.1 degrees C). 100 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1E5 Use of extraction disks for trace enrichment of various pesticides from river water and simulated seawater samples followed by liquid chromatography-rapid-scanning UV-visible and thermospray-mass spectrometry detection. Barcelo, D.; Durand, G.; Bouvot, V.; Nielen, M. Washington, D.C. : American Chemical Society; 1993 Feb. Environmental science & technology v. 27 (2): p. 271-277; 1993 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pesticides; Water pollution; River water; Sea water 101 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 Well installation and sampling procedures for monitoring groundwater beneath agricultural fields. Kirkland, S.D.; Jones, R.L.; Norris, F.A. Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1991. ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (465): p. 214-221; 1991. In the series analytic: Groundwater residue sampling design / edited by R.G. Nash and A.R. Leslie. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Groundwater; Agricultural chemicals; Water pollution; Sampling; Wells Abstract: The installation and sampling of monitoring wells are important components of most studies of agricultural chemicals in groundwater. For many agricultural chemicals, requirements for well materials and sampling techniques can be simplified compared to those often used in other types of groundwater monitoring programs. These simplified techniques allow for quicker reaction to events occurring in a study and installation of wells in areas inaccessible to drilling equipment, while reducing unnecessary expenses. AUTHOR INDEX Abdalla, A.A. 82 Adams, E.B. 76 Alexander, M. 94 Aly, H.A. 82 American Chemical Society, Division of Agrochemicals, American Chemical Society, Division of Environmental Chemistry, American Chemical Society, Meeting (1990 : Boston, Mass.) 38 American Society of Agronomy, Southern Branch 14 Anderson, D.L. 89 Anderson, R. 68 Angle, J.S. 95 Antle, J.M. 73 Aronstein, B.N. 94 Arshad, M.A. 9 Asmussen, L.E. 92 Bahr, J.M. 98 Barcelo, D. 100 Bayne, D.R. 21 Beeton, A.M. 22 Behl, E. 32 Behmer, D.J. 23 Behrendt, H. 71 Belluck, D.A. 36 Benjamin, S.L. 36 Binford, G.D. 81 Blackmer, A.M. 81 Bogardi, I. 75 Boland, J. 59 Bottcher, A.B. 32, 31 Bouvot, V. 100 Briers, M.G. 25 Brinsfield, R.B. 61 Brooke, D. 18 Brooke, D.N. 53 Bruns, D.A. 26 Burbach, M.E. 20 Buser, H.R. 24 Bushway, R.J. 6, 10 Cabanillas, C.G. 6 Calero, S. 96 Campbell, K.L. 31 Capalbo, S.M. 73 Capell, S.S. 87 Carr, J.D. 8 Cerrato, M.E. 81 Chambers, L.W. 98 Chancey, E.L. 54 Clark, L. 93 Clegg, B.S. 70 Coquart, V. 16 Crutchfield, Stephen R. 13 Cruz, A. 96 Cullen, S.J. 12 Daniel, T.C. 72 Dawson, T. 36 Deeley, G.M. 99 Dehart, B.A. 62, 63 Denver, J.M. 40 Deutsch, W.G. 21 Di Corica, A. 57 Diaz, O.A. 89 Dorrance, D.W. 12 Duckstein, L. 75 Duncan, D. 8 Durand, G. 100 Edgell, K.W. 50 Eiden, C.A. 32 Ekholm, P. 27 El-Gendy, K.S. 82 El-Sebae, A.H. 82 Elliott, J.E. 64 Endo, G. 60 Erb, E.J. 50 Everett, L.G. 12 Exner, M.E. 20 Ferguson, B.S. 6, 10 Ferro, D.N. 54 Fishel, David K. 42 Flint, A.L. 67 Fomsgaard, I. 96 Font, G. 1, 17 Foremen, W.T. 69 Foster, G.D. 69 Frank, R. 70 Frebis, C.P. 2 Fukal, L. 10 Gates, P.M. 69 Gburek, W.J. 85 Geerdink, R.B. 19 Gill, K.S. 9 Gish, T.J. 44, 74 Glendinning, P.J. 53 Gomme, J. 93 Gutjahr, A. 34 Hamliton-Taylor, J. 41 Hammers, W.E. 43 Hanlon, E.A. 89 Hansen, P.D. 25 Harrison, R.O. 10 Harvey, R.W. 45 Helling, C.S. 39, 44, 74 Hennings, S. 93 Hennion, M.C. 16 Hermes, M. 79 Herrchen, M. 29 Herzog, D.P.� 80 Herzsprung, P. 55 Hill, B.D. 90 Hill, R.L. 95 Hoge, V.R. 89 Holloway, D. 66 Holmes, S.B. 23 Hoof, F.M. van 25 Hottenstein, C.S. 80 Hurst, H.L. 6 Inaba, D.J. 90 Isensee, A.R. 44 Istok, J.D. 67 Iwata, H. 30 Jackson, R.E. 52 Jennings, H.S. 6 Johengen, T.H. 22 Jones, K.C. 41 Jones, R.L. 15, 54, 101 Jonghe, E.G. de 25 Kadokami, K. 47 Kamari, J. 27 Kamarianos, A.P. 86 Karamanlis, X.N. 86 Kilikidis, S.D. 86 Kirkland, S.D. 54, 101 Kizer, M.A. 37 Klein, W. 29 Koga, M. 47 Kordel, W. 29 Kramer, P. 33 Kramer, P.M. 7 Kreutzweiser, D.P. 23, 87 Kross, B.C. 97 Kryzanowski, L. 9 Kuroda, K. 60 Kuske, J. 65 Lacayo, J. 96 Lacayo, M.L. 96 Langland, Michael J. 42 Lavy, T.L. 62, 63, 72 Lawruk, T.S. 80 Leach, L.E. 4 LeBlanc, D.R. 45 Lee, Yong W. 84 Leslie, A.R. 39 Leslie, Anne R., 38 Liska, B. 11 Logan, L. 70 Longbottom, J.E. 50 Lopez-Avila, V. 50 Maini, P. 83 Malhi, S.S. 9 Manes, J. 1, 17 Marchetti, M. 57 Martin, B.B. 46 Martin, D.F. 46 Mason, R.E. 59 Mathiasson, L. 51 Matthies, M. 71 Matthiessen, P. 18, 53 Mattice, J.D. 62, 63, 72 Mausbach, M.J. 91 McIntosh, M.S. 95 Meisinger, J.J. 28 Miller, G. 78 Miller, O.P. 89 Mills, M.J. 53 Minshall, G.W. 26 Mohan, D. 30 Mojasevic, M. 74 Molto, J.C. 1, 17 Muller, M.D. 24 Munch, D.J. 2 Mutch, J.P. 52 Nachtnebel, H.P. 75 Nash, R.G. 39, 44 Nash, Ralph G. 38 Nielen, M. 100 Nielsen, R.D. 91 Nielsen, S. 11 Niessner, R. 55 Nilve, G. 51 Noegrohati, S. 43 Norris, C.D. 46 Norris, F.A. 15, 101 Nyborg, M. 9 Obreza, T.A. 88 Ontermaa, E.O. 88 Padgitt, S.C. 48, 49 Parkin, T.B. 28 Pederson, D.T. 8 Perkins, L.B. 6, 10 Pico, Y. 1, 17 Pionke, H.B. 85 Piper, S. 35 Pluta, H.J. 25 Porter, K.S. 54 Posch, M. 27 Priddle, M.W. 52 Ragone, S.E. 39 Ramesh, A. 30 Rappe, C. 24 Raue, L.E. 97 Rawson, D.M. 25 Reinhard, M. 99 Rekolainen, S. 27 Rogowski, A.S. 85 Ross, R.R. 4 Rounds, M. 11 Rubio, F.M. 80 Sakashita, D. 30 Sanders, G. 41 Sardjoko 43 Schaalje, G.B. 90 Schmid, R. 33 Schmid, R.D. 7 Schmidt, J.L. 77 Schnabel, R.R. 85 Seesock, W.C. 21 Seiber, J.N. 58 Senseman, S.A. 72 Setia, P. 35 Sharpley, A.N. 56 Shepherd, T.R. 8 Shinohara, R. 47 Shutt, L. 64 Skulman, B.W. 72 Smith, C.N. 92 Smith, M.C. 31 Smith, R.L. 45 Smith, S.J. 56 Smyth, J.D. 67 Spalding, R.F. 20 Starr, J.L. 28 Staver, K.W. 61 Stearns, S.M. 99 Subramanian, A.N. 30 Susquehanna River Basin Commission, Pennsylvania, Dept. of Environmental Resources, Pennsylvania, Bureau of Soil and Water Conservation, Geological Survey (U.S.),United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Chesapeake Bay Program 42 Tanabe, S. 30 Tantawy, G. 82 Tatsukawa, R. 30 Thomas, D.L. 31 Thompson, W. R. 14 Tian, L. 6 Troeger, W.W. 56 Truhlar, Mark V. 42 Turco, R. 11 Turnbull, A. 53 Ulen, B. 51 United States, Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Resources and Technology Division 13 Untung, K. 43 Urban, J.B. 85 Vergara, A. 97 Walker, M. 54 Weaver, Joseph E. 5 Webber, E.C. 21 Weil, L. 55 Wells, K. L. 14 Wiersma, G.B. 27, 26 Wilcock, R.J. 3 Williams, R.J. 54, 53 Wilmer, A.J. 25 Wilson, L.G. 12 Wolfe, M.F. 58 Wolfley, B.F. 77 Yamaguchi, Y. 60 Young, B.E.S. 6 Zahn, D.R. 78 SUBJECT INDEX 1,3-dichloropropene 88 2,4,5-t 71 Accipiter striatus 64 Accuracy �10 Acetylcholinesterase 55 Acid deposition 26 Adverse effects 23 Age 64 Agricultural chemicals 4, 12, 13, 15, 20, 28, 38, 40, 61, 65, 66, 73, 76, 79, 85, 92, 95, 98, 101 Agricultural economics 35 Agricultural land 27, 70 Agricultural production 73 Agricultural soils 18 Agricultural wastes 65, 66 Air 30 Air pollution 26 Alachlor 6, 31, 44, 80, 97 Alberta 9 Aldicarb 52, 54 Algae 56 Algicides 83 Aluminum 89 Analytical methods 2, 10, 11, 24, 51, 57, 58, 98 Animal behavior 87 Animal tissues 24 Antarctica 24 Application methods 83 Application rates 81, 83 Aquatic communities 26 Aquatic environment 21, 26 Aquatic insects 21, 23, 26, 87 Aquatic invertebrates 21 Aquifers 45, 46, 67, 99 Arkansas 62, 63, 72 Arsenicals 96 Assessment 89 Atlantic salmon 24 Atrazine 6, 7, 8, 10, 25, 31, 33, 36, 44, 72, 74, 97 Autumn 9, 64 Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki 87 Bacteria 45 Baltic sea 24 Bentazone 29 Bibliographies 65, 66 Bioassays 55, 97 Bioavailability 56 Biosensors 25 Biphenyl 94 Blood plasma 64 Bromide 98 Bromides 31 Calcium 89 California 99 Canada 36 Capacity 98 Carbamate insecticides 55 Carbofuran 6, 44, 97 Carbon 29 Carp 43 Catalysts 25 Catchment hydrology 91, 93 Chalk soils 93 Checklists 79 Chemical analysis 24, 58, 69, 70 Chemical composition 7 Chernozemic soils 9 Chlordane 24 Chloride 37 Chlorides 46 Chlorinated hydrocarbons 82 Cholinesterase 55 Cloethocarb 29 Collection 45 Community ecology 21, 26 Comparisons 7, 27, 50 Concentration 18 Contaminants 1, 36, 91 Contamination 91 Core sampling 41 Corn belt of U.S.A. 35 Corrosion 37 Cost benefit analysis 73 Costs 6 Cotton 13 Crop growth stage 81 Crop yield 81 Crustacea 21 Cyanazine 44, 74 Czechoslovakia 10 Dairy wastes 89 Data analysis 3 Dbcp 99 Ddt 43 Decomposition 26 Degradation 36, 54, 83 Delaware 40 Demonstration farms 49 Deposition 26 Depth 81 Desorption 94 Detection 7, 8 Determination 16, 17, 19, 50 Ditches 98 Dna repair 60 Dosage effects 23 Drainage 27, 98 Drinking water 6, 11, 16, 33, 50, 60, 97 Eggs 43 Egypt 82 Electron transfer� 25 Elisa 7, 33, 80 Endothal 83 England 18, 41, 53 Environmental assessment 76, 93 Environmental degradation 26 Environmental impact 43, 73 Environmental protection 2 Enzyme activity 55 Enzyme immunoassay 6, 33 Estimates 27 Evaluation 8 Extraction 1, 8, 9, 56, 69 Extractors 69 Farm management 77 Farm storage 79 Farm surveys 49 Farmers' attitudes 49 Farms 76 Federal programs 35 Feedlot wastes 77 Fencing 77 Fertilizer requirement determination 9 Fertilizers 42, 49, 78 Field tests 31, 74 Fields 52, 54, 83 Finland 27 Fishes 96 Flooded rice 83 Florida 46, 88, 89 Flow 27 Fluoride 37 Foliage 26 Forest litter 26 Formulations 83 Fowls 43 Frequency 27 Gas chromatography 1, 8, 17, 47 Geometry 91 Geomorphology 91 Georgia 31, 92 German federal republic 29 Government organizations 2 Gradients 45 Grain 81 Grazing 77 Greece 86 Groundwater 4, 12, 15, 20, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39, 40, 44, 57, 59, 61, 73, 74, 76, 77, 80, 85, 88, 92, 93, 95, 99, 101 Groundwater pollution 2, 6, 45, 46, 48, 49, 52, 54, 66, 67, 71, 72, 75, 76, 79, 91, 97, 98 Growth 56 Half life 83 Handling 79 Hardiness 37 Hch 30 Herbicide residues 8, 16, 36, 51, 58, 80, 83 Herbicides 62, 63 Herrings 24 Hexazinone 23, 87 Horizons 91 Horizontal infiltration 91 Hplc 10, 16, 19, 50, 57 Human milk 43 Hydraulic conductivity 45 Hydrogen peroxide 47 Hydrology 42 Immunoassay 7 Indicator plants 56 Indicator species 64 Inhibition 55 Insecticide residues 21, 30, 52, 54, 55 Insecticides 55 Integrated pest management 48 Iodide 98 Iowa 48, 49, 81 Iron 37, 89 Isotope labeling 29 Italy 83 Japan 60 Java 43 Laboratory tests 23 Lacustrine deposits 41 Lakes 41, 96 Land evaluation 91 Land management 91 Land use 3, 91 Law 29, 36 Leaching 18, 29, 31, 35, 61 Lepomis macrochirus 21 Lethal dose 23 Lignin 26 Linuron 25 Liquid chromatography 51 Literature reviews 36 Long term experiments 52 Losses from soil systems 56 Luvisols 9 Lysimeters 12, 29, 95 Magnetic separation 80 Maine 6 Maryland 44, 74 Mass spectrometry 8, 47 Massachusetts 45, 54 Mathematical models 27, 92 Mcpa 51p Measurement 7, 9, 18, 73, 96 Mecoprop 18 Metabolites 36, 97 Metamitron 19 Methodology 56 Michigan 22, 64 Microbial activities 60 Microbial degradation 94 Microorganismsp 37 Mineralization 94 Mitosis 60 Models 18, 53, 59, 73, 98 Monitoring 6, 18, 22, 25, 26, 27, 32, 36, 44, 46, 52, 57, 61, 72, 75, 83, 86, 93 Mountain areas 26 Movement 32, 95 Movement in soil 44, 45, 54, 71, 74, 89, 98 Multivariate analysis 67 Mytilus galloprovincialis 86 Naptalam 58 New York 54 New Zealand 3 Nicaragua 96 Nitrate 37, 75 Nitrate fertilizers 75 Nitrate nitrogen 81 Nitrates 11, 45, 46, 62, 63, 67, 85 Nitrogen 39, 49, 94 Nitrogen content 26, 68 Nitrogen fertilizers 81 Nonionic surfactants 94 Nontarget effects 23, 87 Nontarget organisms 23, 87 Northeastern states of U.S.A. 85 Nutrient availability 89 Nutrient content 89 Nutrient retention 89 Nutrient uptake 56 Nutrients 91 Oklahoma 37, 56 On line 25 Ontario 23, 64, 70 Oregon 67 Organic compounds 45 Organochlorine pesticides 41, 64, 86 Organophosphorus insecticides 55 Organophosphorus pesticides 17 Oryza sativa 30 Oxidation 47, 55 Oximes 55 Ozone 47 Paddy soils 30, 83 Pastures 77 Pennsylvania 68 Performance testing 50 Permethrin 87 Persistence 64 Pesticide residues 1, 3, 22, 32, 34, 39, 43, 44, 47, 50, 53, 57, 59, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 82, 87, 88, 90 Pesticides 2, 31, 35, 48, 60, 91, 93, 100 Phenanthrene 94 Phosphates 62, 63 Phosphorus 9, 27, 89, 94 Phosphorus fertilizers 56 Photobacterium 97 Photosynthesis 25 Phytoplankton 21 Piezometers 20 Plant height 81 Plants 29 Pollutants 2, 25, 37, 45 Pollution 27, 94 Pollution control 22 Polychlorinated biphenyls 1, 64, 70, 86 Ponds 21, 83 Population density 89 Potassium 89 Practice 77 Precipitation 31 Predatory birds 64 Prediction 98 Prevention 98 Prince edward Island 52 Profiles 45, 91 Propazine 7 Pygoscelis 24 Pyrethroid insecticides 21 Quality 37 Quantitative analysis 80 Rain 93 Rapid methods 6 Regression analysis 9 Research projects 93 Residues 15, 64 Rice 83 Risk 36 River water 47, 57, 70, 82, 86, 93, 100 Runoff 3, 27, 31, 35, 56, 91 Rural areas 41 Samples 2, 10, 45, 47, 70, 82 Sampling 4, 8, 9, 12, 15, 20, 27, 28, 34, 39, 40, 51, 58, 59, 67, 78, 81, 85, 89, 90, 92, 95, 101 Sand 94 Sandy soils 89 Screening 3 Sea water 24, 100 Seals 24 Seasonal fluctuations 64, 86 Seasonal migration 64 Seasonal variation 9 Sediment 41, 56, 82, 96 Sex differences 64 Silt loam soils 74, 94 Simazine 7, 18 Simulation models 31 Sister chromatid exchange 60 Site factors 91 Slope 91 Slurries 94, 99 Sodium 89 Soil 4, 43, 90 Soil analysis 32, 78 Soil conservation 35, 70 Soil fertility 81 Soil flora 26 Soil formation 91 Soil organic matter 89 Soil ph 89 Soil pollution 30, 38, 54 Soil properties 18, 31, 91 Soil test values 9, 77 Soil testing 9, 89 Soil types 91 Soil variability 89 Soil water 31, 91, 95 Soil water movement 71 Soils 14 Solanum tuberosum 52, 54 Sorption 99 Spatial variation 22, 89, 91 Species diversity 26 Spodic horizons 89 Spodosols 89 Spread 98 Spring 9, 64, 81 Springs (water) 62, 63 Stability 2 Statistical analysis 34, 59 Stimulation 94 Stream measurements 42 Streams 23, 87 Sulfate 26, 37 Sulfates 46 Surface layers 89, 91 Surface water 3, 33, 56, 72, 73, 91 Surveys 2, 48 Sweden 24 Synechococcus 25 Tamil nadu 30 Tap water 47 Temperature 99 Temporal variation 22, 91 Testing 33, 37, 80 Tests 60, 87, 98 Tillage 44, 91 Topography 89 Toxicity 3, 21, 24, 36, 60, 87, 97 Toxicology 23 Toxins 37 Tracers 98 Transformation 99 Transport processes 27 Triazine herbicides 17 Triazines 93 Triclopyr 23, 87 U.S.A. 2, 36 Uk 93 Unsaturated flow 93 Uptake 29 Usage 73, 93 Usda 35 Variance 59 Vertical movement 45, 91 Volatilization 30 Volume 8 Washington 76, 77 Waste disposal 79 Water 37, 50, 58, 67, 69, 70, 94, 96 Water conservation 70 Water management 68 Water pollution 1, 4, 7, 10, 12, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, 32, 34, 36, 39, 44, 47, 51, 53, 55, 56, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 70, 72, 74, 77, 82, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 92, 93, 95, 100, 101 Water quality 1, 7, 8, 13, 22, 33, 35, 40, 42, 44, 46, 50, 65, 66, 68, 73, 75, 78, 80, 91, 92, 93 Water, Underground 38 Watersheds 70, 85, 93 Weed control 49, 77 Wells 79, 101 Wisconsin 98 Wyoming 26 Zea mays 81 Zooplankton 21 ************************************************************* SEARCH STRATEGY Set Items Description S1 791 (NONPOINT OR NON()POINT) () (SOURCE? OR POLLUT?) OR ((RUNOFF AND POLLUT?) AND (AGRICULTUR? OR FARM?) S2 3554 ((RUNOFF OR MANURE? OR WASTE?) (2N) (DAIRY OR SWINE OR POULTRY OR ANIMAL OR PLANT OR BARN OR BARNYARD OR FEEDLOT OR MILKHOUSE OR MILK()HOUSE OR SLURR? OR LAGOON OR ORGANIC))/TI,DE,ID S3 31017 (AGRICULTUR? () CHEMICAL? OR AGRICHEMICAL? OR FERTILI?ER OR (NITROGEN OR COMPOUND OR PHOSPHORUS OR POTASSIUM OR LIQUID OR CALCIUM()FERTILI?ER?)/TI,DE,ID S4 38302 (NITRATE? OR NITRITE? OR NITROGEN)/TI,DE,ID S5 66866 (PESTICID? OR HERBICID? OR ALGICID OR FUNGICID? OR INSECTICID? OR RODENTICID? OR FUMIGANT? OR BACTERICID? OR AVICID? OR ACARICID? OR MOLLUSCICID? OR NEMATICID?)/TI,DE,ID OR SH=H000 S6 2468 (WATER(3N) (DRINKING OR TAP OR WELL OR URBAN OR RURAL))/TI,DE,ID S7 70330 (MONITOR? OR ASSESSMENT OR SAMPL? OR TEST OR TESTS OR TESTING OR MEASURE?)/TI,DE,ID S8 17510 GROUND()WATER? OR GROUNDWATER OR UNDERGROUND()WATER? OR AQUIFER? OR ARTESIAN? OR CISTER? OR WELL? ? OR SPRING? ?)/TI,DE,ID S9 50527 (WATER(2N) (QUALIT? OR POLLUT? OR CONTAMIN?) OR RUNOFF OR SURFACE()WATER? OR RIVER? OR STREAM? OR LAKE? ? OR POND? ?)/TI,DE OR SH=P200 S10 529 ((S1 OR S2 OR S3 OR S4 OR S5) AND (S6 OR S8 OR S9)) AND S7 S11 490 S10/ENG s12 136 S11 AND PY=(1991 OR 1992 OR 1993) ************************************************************** NAL DOCUMENT DELIVERY SERVICES June 1993 United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Library Public Services Division Document Delivery Services Branch Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2351 The National Agricultural Library has established document delivery service policies for three user categories. They are 1) individuals; 2) libraries, other information centers, and commercial organizations; and 3) foreign libraries, information centers, and commercial organizations. Available services for each user category are given below. For information on electronic access for interlibrary loan requests, the "Interlibrary Loan" file. 1) DOCUMENT DELIVERY SERVICES TO INDIVIDUALS The National Agricultural Library (NAL) supplies agricultural materials not found elsewhere to other libraries. Filling requests for materials readily available from other sources diverts NAL's resources and diminishes its ability to serve as a national source for agricultural and agriculturally related materials. Therefore, NAL is viewed as a library of last resort. SUBMIT REQUESTS FIRST TO LOCAL OR STATE LIBRARY SOURCES PRIOR TO SENDING TO NAL. In the United States, possible sources are public libraries, land-grant university or other large research libraries within a state. In other countries submit requests through major university, national, or provincial institutions. If the needed publications are not available from these sources, submit requests to NAL with a statement indicating their non-availability. Submit one request per page following the instructions for libraries below. NAL'S DOCUMENT DELIVERY SERVICE INFORMATION FOR THE LIBRARY The following information is provided to assist your librarian in obtaining the required materials. LOAN SERVICE -- Materials in NAL's collection are loaned only to other U.S. libraries. Requests for loans are made through local public, academic, or special libraries. The following materials are not available for loan: serials (except USDA serials); rare, reference, and reserve books; microforms; and proceedings of conferences or symposia. Photocopy or microform of non-circulating publications may be purchased as described below. DOCUMENT DELIVERY SERVICE -- Photocopies of articles are available for a fee. Make requests through local public, academic, or special libraries. The library will submit a separate interlibrary loan form for each article or item requested. If the citation is from an NAL database (CAIN/AGRICOLA, "Bibliography of Agriculture," or the NAL Catalog) and the call number is given, put that call number in the proper block on the request form. Willingness to pay charges must be indicated on the form. Include compliance with copyright law or a statement that the article is for "research purposes only" on the interlibrary loan form or letter. Requests cannot be processed without these statements. Please read copyright notice below. CHARGES: * Photocopy, hard copy of microfilm and microfiche - $5.00 for the first 10 pages or fraction copied from a single article or publication. $3.00 for each additional 10 pages or fraction. * Duplication of NAL-owned microfilm - $10.00 per reel. * Duplication of NAL-owned microfiche - $5.00 for the first fiche and $ .50 for each additional fiche per title. BILLING - Charges include postage and handling, and are subject to change. Invoices are issued quarterly by the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161. Establishing a deposit account with NTIS is encouraged. DO NOT SEND PREPAYMENT. Send Requests to: USDA, National Agricultural Library Document Delivery Services Branch, ILL, PhotoLab 10301 Baltimore Blvd., NAL Bldg. Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2351 Contact the Head, Document Delivery Services Branch in writing or by calling (301) 504-5755 with questions or comments about this policy. 3) DOCUMENT DELIVERY SERVICES AVAILABLE TO FOREIGN LIBRARIES, INFORMATION CENTERS AND COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATIONS. The National Agricultural Library (NAL) accepts requests from libraries and other organizations in accordance with the national and international interlibrary loan code and guidelines. In its national role, NAL supplies copies of agricultural materials not found elsewhere. Filling requests for materials readily available from other sources diverts NAL's resources and diminishes its ability to serve as a national source for agricultural and agriculturally related materials. Therefore, NAL is viewed as a library of last resort. Submit requests to major university libraries, national or provincial institutions or network sources prior to sending requests to NAL. If the needed publications are not available from these sources, submit requests to NAL with a statement indicating their non-availability. AGLINET -- Requesters in countries with an AGLINET library are encouraged to make full use of that library and its networking capabilities. As an AGLINET participant, NAL provides free document delivery service for materials published in the United States to other AGLINET participants. REQUESTS -- Submit requests on the American Library Association (ALA) or the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) interlibrary loan form or via electronic mail or telefacsimile (see over for more details). Include the complete name of the person authorizing the request on each form; the standard bibliographic source which lists the title as owned by NAL; and the call number if the citation is from an NAL database(CAIN/AGRICOLA, "Bibliography of Agriculture", or the NAL catalog). DOCUMENT DELIVERY SERVICE -- Submit a separate completed interlibrary loan form for each article requested. Indicate willingness to pay charges on the form, and compliance with copyright law or include a statement that the article is for "research purposes only". Requests cannot be processed without these statements. Please read copyright notice below. CHARGES: * Photocopy, hard copy of microfilm and microfiche - $5.00 for the first 10 pages or fraction copied from a single article or publication. $3.00 for each additional 10 pages or fraction. * Duplication of NAL-owned microfilm - $10.00 per reel. * Duplication of NAL-owned microfiche - $5.00 for the first fiche and $ .50 for each additional fiche per title. BILLING - Charges include postage and handling, and are subject to change. Invoices are issued quarterly by the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161. Establishing deposit account with NTIS is encouraged. Annual billing is available to foreign institutions on request by contacting NAL at the address below. DO NOT SEND PREPAYMENT. Send Requests to: USDA, National Agricultural Library Document Delivery Services Branch, ILL, PhotoLab 10301 Baltimore Blvd., NAL Bldg. Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2351 Contact the Head, Document Delivery Services Branch at (301) 504-5755 with questions or comments about this policy. ELECTRONIC MAIL ACCESS FOR INTERLIBRARY LOAN (ILL) REQUESTS June 1993 The National Agricultural Library (NAL), Document Delivery Services Branch accepts ILL requests from libraries via several electronic services. All requests must comply with established routing and referral policies and procedures. The transmitting library will pay all fees incurred during the creation of requests and communication with NAL. A sample format for ILL requests is printed below along with a list of the required data/format elements. ELECTRONIC MAIL - (Sample form below) SYSTEM ADDRESS CODE ==================================================== INTERNET. . . . . LENDING@NALUSDA.GOV EASYLINK. . . . . 62031265 ONTYME. . . . . . NAL/LB TWX/TELEX . . . . Number is 710-828-0506 NAL LEND. This number may only be used for ILL requests. FTS2000 . . . . . A12NALLEND OCLC . . . . . . NAL's symbol AGL need only be entered once, but it must be the last entry in the Lender string. Requests from USDA and Federal libraries may contain AGL anywhere in the Lender String. SAMPLE ELECTRONIC MAIL REQUEST =================================================================| AG University/NAL ILLRQ 231 4/1/93 NEED BY: 6/1/93 | | | | Interlibrary Loan Department | | Agriculture University | | Heartland, IA 56789 | | | | Dr. Smith Faculty Ag School | | | | Canadian Journal of Soil Science 1988 v 68(1): 17-27 | | DeJong, R. Comparison of two soil-water models under | | semi-arid growing conditions | | Ver: AGRICOLA | | Remarks: Not available at IU or in region. | | NAL CA: 56.8 C162 | | | | Auth: C. Johnson CCL Maxcost: $15.00 | | | | MORE | | | ================================================================= TELEFACSIMILE - Telephone number is 301-504-5675. NAL accepts ILL requests via telefacsimile. Requests should be created on standard ILL forms and then faxed to NAL. NAL does not fill requests via Fax at this time. REQUIRED DATA ELEMENTS/FORMAT 1. Borrower's address must be in block format with at least two blank lines above and below so form may be used in window envelopes. 2. Provide complete citation including verification, etc. 3. Provide authorizing official's name (request will be rejected if not included). 4. Include statement of copyright compliance if applicable. Please read copyright notice below. 5. Indicate willingness to pay applicable charges. 6. Include NAL call number if available. Contact the Document Delivery Services Branch at (301) 504-6503 if additional information is required. **************************************************************** Photocopy Warning: NOTICE WARNING CONCERNING COPYRIGHT RESTRICTIONS The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specific conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be "used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research." If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of "fair use," that user may be liable for copyright infringement. This institution reserves the right to refuse to accept a copying order if, in its judgement, fulfillment of the order would involve violation of copyright law. 37 C.F.R. 201.14 **************************************************************** The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, and marital or familial status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs). Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact the USDA Office of Communications at (202) 720-5881 (voice) or (202) 720-7808 (TDD). To file a complaint, write the Secretary of Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250, or call (202) 720-7327 (voice) or (202) 720-1127 (TDD). USDA is an equal employment opportunity employer.
Return to Bibliographies
Return to the Water Quality Information Center at the National Agricultural
Library.
Last update: April 27, 1998
The URL of this page is http://www.nal.usda.gov/wqic/Bibliographies/qb9367.html
J. R. Makuch /USDA-ARS-NAL-WQIC/
jmakuch@nal.usda.gov