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    -\ `-,rr&4040XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&4141XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&4242XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&4343XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&4444XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&4545XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&4646XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&4747XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&4848XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&4949XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&5050XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&5151XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&5252XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&5353XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&5454XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&5555XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&5656XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&5757XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&5858XXX-\ `-                -\ `-,rr&5959XXX-\ `-                -\ `-\  `&Times New Roman(9 Z6Times New Roman Regular  CEKQW]cioAutoList1a.a.a.a.a.a.a.a.)\  `*Times New RomanTT\  `*Times New RomanTT(z2U$ !XX     0  (z2V$ !XX     0  %&'()*+, CEKQW]emsAutoList2I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a) !"#$ CEKQW]emsAutoList3I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a) CEKQW]emsAutoList4I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a) CEKQW]emsAutoList5I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)3|xB (\  `*Times New RomanTT) RegularC\  PQP(\  `*Times New RomanTT) RegularXXP\  PQXP\ `s New RomanTT) RegularC\  P}QP\ `s New RomanTT) RegularXXP\  P}QXP)\  `*Times New RomanTTarlar^^0\  P;Q^P)\  `*Times New RomanTTarlar,,)\  PAQ,P(J$XX  \\PS-1\9026A,,,,,,03#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)e& 7D89D:;D<D=>DADBU|&& a76U !XX   _-  XXXXXX           -        XX    B.` hp x (#XB XXXXXX  EXECUTIVEOFFICEOFTHEPRESIDENT  XXOFFICEOFMANAGEMENTANDBUDGETXX  ,!,XXWASHINGTON.D.C.20503XX,,! j   August4,1983(REVISED1999):(#CIRCULARNO.A-76 " ?+ ` hp x (#X?  B.` hp x (# XBTOTHEHEADSOFEXECUTIVEDEPARTMENTSANDESTABLISHMENTSSUBJECT:PerformanceofCommercialActivities1.    Purpose.ThisCircularestablishesFederalpolicyregardingtheperformanceofcommercial r   activitiesandimplementsthestatutoryrequirementsoftheFederalActivitiesInventoryReformActof1998,PublicLaw105-270.TheSupplementtothisCircularsetsforththeproceduresfordeterminingwhethercommercialactivitiesshouldbeperformedundercontractwithcommercialsourcesorinhouseusingGovernmentfacilitiesandpersonnel.2.  Rescission.OMBCircularNo.A76(Revised),datedMarch29,1979;andTransmittal b Memoranda1through14and16through18.B.` hp x (#XB3.  Authority.TheBudgetandAccountingActof1921(31U.S.C.1etseq.),TheOfficeof 2 FederalProcurementPolicyActAmendmentsof1979.(41U.S.C.401etseq.),andTheFederal " ActivitiesInventoryReformActof1998.(P.L.105-270).4.  Background.    a. ` Intheprocessofgoverning,theGovernmentshouldnotcompetewithitscitizens.?+` ` hp x (#X?   PThecompetitiveenterprisesystem,characterizedbyindividualfreedomandinitiative,istheprimarysourceofnationaleconomicstrength.Inrecognitionofthisprinciple,ithasbeenandcontinuestobethegeneralpolicyoftheGovernmenttorelyoncommercialsourcestosupplytheproductsandservicestheGovernmentneeds. PB.` hp x (#` XB  b. ` ThisnationalpolicywaspromulgatedthroughBureauoftheBudgetBulletinsissued "!r in1955,1957and1960.OMBCircularNo.A76wasissuedin1966.TheCircularwaspreviouslyrevisedin1967,1979,and1983.TheSupplement(RevisedSupplementalHandbook)waspreviouslyrevisedinMarch1996(TransmittalMemorandum15).B.` hp x (#XB5.  Policy.ItisthepolicyoftheUnitedStatesGovernmentto: %"!$ ?+ ` hp x (#X?  &"%  B.` hp x (#XB  a. ` AchieveEconomyandEnhanceProductivity.Competitionenhancesquality,?+` ` hp x (#X? '#&  Peconomy,andproductivity.WhenevercommercialsectorperformanceofaGovernmentoperatedcommercialactivityispermissible,inaccordancewiththisCircularandits Supplement,comparison )$( ofthecostofcontractingandthecostofinhouseperformanceshallbeperformedtodeterminewhowilldothework.Whenconductingcostcomparisons,agenciesmustensurethatallcostsareconsideredandthatthesecostsarerealisticandfair. B.` hp x (#` XB b,'+  P  b. ` RetainGovernmentalFunctionsInHouse.Certainfunctionsareinherently B.)- Governmentalinnature,beingsointimatelyrelatedtothepublicinterestastomandateperformanceonlybyFederalemployees.Thesefunctionsarenotincompetitionwiththecommercialsector.Therefore,thesefunctionsshallbeperformedbyGovernmentemployees.B.` hp x (#XB  c. ` RelyontheCommercialSector.TheFederalGovernmentshallrelyoncommercially p availablesourcestoprovidecommercialproductsandservices.InaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthisCircularanditsSupplement,theGovernmentshallnotstartorcarryonanyactivitytoprovideacommercialproductorserviceiftheproductorservicecanbeprocuredmoreeconomicallyfromacommercialsource.  0  B.` hp x (#XB6.  Definitions.ForpurposesofthisCircular: `  ?+ ` hp x (#X?  P   B.` hp x (#XB  a. ` AcommercialactivityisonewhichisoperatedbyaFederalexecutiveagencyand @  whichprovidesaproductorservicethatcouldbeobtainedfromacommercialsource.ActivitiesthatmeetthedefinitionofaninherentlyGovernmentalfunctionprovidedbelowarenotcommercialactivities.ArepresentativelistofcommercialactivitiesisprovidedinAttachmentA.Acommercialactivityalsomaybepartofanorganizationoratypeofworkthatisseparablefromotherfunctionsoractivitiesandissuitableforperformancebycontract.  b. ` AconversiontocontractisthechangeoverofanactivityfromGovernment  performancetoperformanceundercontractbyacommercialsource.  p B.` hp x (#XB  c. ` Aconversiontoinhouseisthechangeoverofanactivityfromperformance P  PӀundercontracttoGovernmentperformance. PB.` hp x (#XB  d. ` AcommercialsourceisabusinessorothernonFederalactivitylocatedintheUnited  p States,itsterritoriesandpossessions,theDistrictofColumbiaortheCommonwealthofPuertoRico,whichprovidesacommercialproductorservice.  P B.` hp x (#XB  e. ` AnX XXXinherentlyGovernmentalfunctionisafunctionwhichissointimatelyrelatedto 0 thepublicinterestastomandateperformancebyGovernmentemployees.ConsistentwiththedefinitionsprovidedintheFederalActivitiesInventoryReformActof1998and_OFPP_ԀPolicyLetter92-1,thesefunctionsincludethoseactivitieswhichrequireeithertheexerciseofdiscretioninapplyingGovernmentauthorityortheuseofvaluejudgmentinmakingdecisionsfortheGovernment.ServicesorproductsinsupportofinherentlyGovernmentalfunctions,suchasthoselistedinAttachmentA,arecommercialactivitiesandarenormallysubjecttothisCircular.InherentlyGovernmentalfunctionsnormallyfallintotwocategories:B.` hp x (#XB0   ` (1) Theactofgoverning;i.e.,thediscretionaryexerciseofGovernmentauthority. P(#& Examplesincludecriminalinvestigations,prosecutionsandotherjudicialfunctions;managementofGovernmentprogramsrequiringvaluejudgments,asindirectionofthenationaldefense;managementanddirectionoftheArmedServices;activitiesperformedexclusivelybymilitarypersonnelwhoaresubjecttodeploymentinacombat,combatsupportorcombatservicesupportrole;conductofforeignrelations;selectionofprogrampriorities;directionofFederalemployees;regulationoftheuseofspace,oceans,navigableriversandothernaturalresources;directionofintelligenceandcounterintelligence .0*- operations;andregulationofindustryandcommerce,includingfoodanddrugs. (#(# ?+ ` hp x (#X? 0   ` (2) Monetarytransactionsandentitlements,suchastaxcollectionandrevenue  disbursements;controloftheTreasuryaccountsandmoneysupply;andtheadministrationofpublictrusts. (#(# C    3CXXXX ?+` ` hp x (# X? P PB.` hp x (#` XB  f. ` Acostcomparisonistheprocessofdevelopinganestimateofthecostof P  Governmentperformanceofacommercialactivityandcomparingit,inaccordancewiththerequirementsoftheSupplement,tothecosttotheGovernmentforcontractperformanceoftheactivity.   p     g. ` DirectlyaffectedpartiesareFederalemployeesandtheirrepresentativeorganizations P  andbiddersor_offerors_Ԁontheinstantsolicitation.?+` ` hp x (#X? P PB.` hp x (#` XB  h. ` InterestedpartiesforpurposesofchallengingthecontentsofanagencysCommercial   ActivitiesInventoryundertheFederalActivitiesInventoryReformActof1998are:?+` ` hp x (#X? P0   ` (1) Aprivatesectorsourcethat(A)isanactualorprospective_offeror_Ԁforany  contractorotherformofagreementtoperformtheactivity;and(B)hasadirecteconomicinterestinperformingtheactivitythatwouldbeadverselyaffectedbyadeterminationnottoprocuretheperformanceoftheactivityfromaprivatesectorsource. (#(# 0   ` (2) Arepresentativeofanybusinessorprofessionalassociationthatincludes P withinitsmembershipprivatesectorsourcesreferredtoin(1)above. (#(# 0   ` (3) Anofficeroremployeeofanorganizationwithinanexecutiveagencythatis  p anactualorprospective_offeror_Ԁtoperformtheactivity. (#(# 0   ` (4) Theheadofanylabororganizationreferredtoinsection7103(a)(4)ofTitle @ 5,UnitedStatesCodethatincludeswithinitsmembershipofficersoremployeesofanorganizationreferredtoin(3)above. (#(# B.` hp x (#` XB7.  Scope. "  ?+ ` hp x (#X? P #!  B.` hp x (#XB  a. ` Unlessotherwiseprovidedbylaw,thisCircularanditsSupplementshallapplytoall $" executiveagenciesandshallprovideadministrativedirectiontoheadsofagencies.  % #   b. ` ThisCircularanditsSupplementapplytoprintingandbindingonlyinthoseagencies `'"% ordepartmentswhichareexemptedbylawfromtheprovisionsofTitle44oftheU.S.Code.  P(#&   c. ` ThisCircularanditsSupplementshallnot: 0*%( ?+` ` hp x (#X? P PB.` hp x (#` XB0   ` (1) Beapplicablewhencontrarytolaw,ExecutiveOrders,oranytreatyor ,`'* internationalagreement; (#(# ?+ ` hp x (#X?  B.` hp x (# XB0   ` (2) ApplytoinherentlyGovernmentalfunctionsasdefinedinparagraph6._e._;.0*-(#(# ) )?+ ` hp x (#X?  ) )B.` hp x (# XB0   ` (3) ApplytotheDepartmentofDefenseintimesofadeclaredwarormilitary  mobilization; (#(# * *?+ ` hp x (#X?  * *B.` hp x (# XB0   ` (4) Provideauthoritytoenterintocontracts;p(#(# + +?+ ` hp x (#X?  + +B.` hp x (# XB0   ` (5) Authorizecontractswhichestablishanemployeremployeerelationship P  betweentheGovernmentandcontractoremployees.Anemployeremployeerelationshipinvolvesclose,continualsupervisionofindividualcontractoremployeesbyGovernmentemployees,asdistinguishedfromgeneraloversightofcontractoroperations.However,limitedandnecessaryinteractionbetweenGovernmentemployeesandcontractoremployees,particularlyduringthetransitionperiodofconversiontocontract,doesnotestablishanemployeremployeerelationship. (#(# ,,B.` hp x (#XB0  XXXX ` (6) Beusedtojustifyconversiontocontractsolelytoavoidpersonnelceilings   orsalarylimitations; (#(# - -?+ ` hp x (#X?  - -B.` hp x (# XB0   ` (7) Applytotheconductofresearchanddevelopment.However,severablein  housecommercialactivitiesinsupportofresearchanddevelopment,suchasthoselistedinAttachmentA,arenormallysubjecttothisCircularanditsSupplement;or (#(# . .?+ ` hp x (#X?  . .B.` hp x (# XB0   ` (8) Establishandshallnotbeconstruedtocreateanysubstantiveorprocedural ` basisforanyonetochallengeanyagencyactionorinactiononthebasisthatsuchactionorinactionwasnotinaccordancewiththisCircular,exceptasspecificallysetforthinPart1,Chapter3,paragraphKoftheSupplement, AppealsofCostComparisonDecisionsandassetforthinAppendix2,ParagraphG,consistentwithSection3oftheFederalActivitiesInventoryReformActof1998.XXXX`(#(#   d. ` TherequirementsoftheFederalActivitiesInventoryReformActXXXXԀof1998applyto @ thefollowingexecutiveagencies:   ` (1) anexecutivedepartmentnamedin5_USC_Ԁ101, !      ` (2) amilitarydepartmentnamedin5_USC_Ԁ102,and #!      ` (3) anindependentestablishmentasdefinedin5_USC_Ԁ104. % # XXXXB.` hp x (#XB  e.TherequirementsoftheFederalActivitiesInventoryReformActof1998donotapplytothefollowingentitiesoractivities:XXXX   ` (1) theGeneralAccountingOffice, 0*%( 0   (#(# 0      ` (2) aGovernmentcorporationoraGovernmentcontrolledcorporationasdefined ,`'* in5_USC_Ԁ103, (#(# 0   (#(# 0      ` (3) anon-appropriatedfundsinstrumentalityifallofitsemployeesarereferred .0*- toin5_USC_Ԁ2105(c),or (#(# 0   ` (4) Depot-levelmaintenanceandrepairoftheDepartmentofDefenseasdefined  in10_USC_Ԁ2460. (#(# XXXXB.` hp x (#XB8.  GovernmentPerformanceofaCommercialActivity.Governmentperformanceof `  acommercialactivityisauthorizedunderanyofthefollowingconditions:  P  B.` hp x (#XB  a. ` NoSatisfactoryCommercialSourceAvailable.Eithernocommercialsourceis 0  capableofprovidingtheneededproductorservice,oruseofsuchasourcewouldcauseunacceptabledelayordisruptionofanessentialprogram.Findingsshallbesupportedasfollows:B.` hp x (#XB0  // ` (1) Ifthefindingisthatnocommercialsourceiscapableofprovidingtheneeded @  productorservice,theeffortsmadetofindcommercialsourcesmustbedocumentedandmadeavailabletothepublicuponrequest.Theseeffortsshallinclude,inadditiontoconsiderationofpreferentialprocurementprograms(seePartI,Chapter1,paragraphCoftheSupplement)atleastthreenoticesdescribingtherequirementintheCommerceBusiness  Dailyovera90dayperiodor,incasesofbonafideurgency,twonoticesovera30day  period.SpecificationsandrequirementsinthesolicitationshallnotbeundulyrestrictiveandshallnotexceedthoserequiredofinhouseGovernmentpersonneloroperations. 0(#(#  0?+ ` hp x (#X?(#(#   0 0B.` hp x (# XB0   ` (2) Ifthefindingisthatacommercialsourcewouldcauseunacceptabledelayor ` disruptionofanagencyprogram,awrittenexplanation,approvedbytheassistantsecretaryordesigneeinparagraph9.a.oftheCircular,mustshowthespecificimpactonanagencymissionintermsofcostandperformance.Urgencyaloneisnotadequatereasontocontinueinhouseoperationofacommercialactivity.Temporarydisruptionresultingfromconversiontocontractisnotsufficientsupportforsuchafinding,noristhepossibilityofastrikebycontractemployees.Ifthecommercialactivityhaseverbeenperformedbycontract,anexplanationofhowtheinstantcircumstancesdiffermustbedocumented.Thesedecisionsmustbemadeavailabletothepublicuponrequest. (#(# ?+ ` hp x (#X? 0   ` (3) Activitiesmaynotbejustifiedforinhouseperformancesolelyonthebasis ! thattheactivityinvolvesorsupportsaclassifiedprogramortheactivityisrequiredtoperformanagency'sbasicmission. (#(#  B.` hp x (# XB  b. ` NationalDefense. % # 1` 1?+` ` hp x (#X? P P1` 1B.` hp x (#` XB0   ` (1) TheSecretaryofDefenseshallestablishcriteriafordeterminingwhen `'"% Governmentperformanceofacommercialactivityisrequiredfornationaldefensereasons.SuchcriteriashallbefurnishedtoOMB,uponrequest. (#(# 2 2?+ ` hp x (#X?  2 2B.` hp x (# XB0   ` (2) OnlytheSecretaryofDefenseorhisdesigneehastheauthoritytoexempt  +p&) commercialactivitiesfornationaldefensereasons. (#(# 3 3?+ ` hp x (#X?  -P(+  3 3B.` hp x (# XB  c. ` PatientCare.Commercialactivitiesperformedathospitalsoperatedbythe -@), Governmentshallberetainedinhouseiftheagencyhead,inconsultationwiththeagency's_chief .0*- medicaldirector,determinesthatinhouseperformancewouldbeinthebestinterestsofdirectpatientcare.B.` hp x (#XB  d. ` Lowercost.Governmentperformanceofacommercialactivityisauthorizedifa  costcomparisonpreparedinaccordancewiththeSupplementdemonstratesthattheGovernmentisoperatingorcanoperatetheactivityonanongoingbasisatanestimatedlowercostthanaqualifiedcommercialsource.  P  B.` hp x (#XB9.  ActionRequirements.ToensurethattheprovisionsofthisCircularanditsSupplementare 0  followed,eachagencyheadshall:?+ ` hp x (#X?  `   B.` hp x (#XB  a. ` Designateanofficialattheassistantsecretaryorequivalentlevelandofficialsata667 P  7?+` ` hp x (#X? P   Pcomparablelevelinmajorcomponentorganizationstohaveresponsibilityforimplementationof8899 PB.` hp x (#` XBthisCircularanditsSupplementwithintheagency.  b. ` Establishoneormoreofficesascentralpointsofcontacttocarryout::;  ;implementation.  TheseofficesshallhaveaccesstoalldocumentsanddatapertinenttoactionstakenundertheCircularanditsSupplementandwillrespondinatimelymannertoallrequestsconcerninginventories,schedules,reviews,resultsofcostcomparisonsandcostcomparisondata.B.` hp x (#XB  c. ` BeguidedbyFederalAcquisitionRegulation(FAR)Subpart24.2(Freedomof p InformationAct)inconsideringrequestsforinformation.<` <?+` ` hp x (#X? P P  P<` <B.` hp x (#` XB  d. ` ImplementthisCircularanditsSupplement withaminimumofinternalinstructions. @ Costcomparisonsshallnotbedelayedpendingissuanceofsuchinstructions.  0  B.` hp x (#XB  e. ` Ensurethereviewsofallexistinginhousecommercialactivitiesare>== ` >completed ` withinareasonabletimeinaccordancewiththeFederalActivitiesInventoryReformActof1998andtheSupplement.B.` hp x (#XB10.  AnnualReportingRequirement.AsrequiredbytheFederalActivitiesInventoryReform   Actof1998andAppendix2oftheSupplement,nolaterthanJune30ofeachyear,agenciesshallsubmittoOMBaCommercialActivitiesInventoryandanysupplementalinformationrequestedbyOMB.AfterreviewandconsultationbyOMB,agencieswilltransmitacopyoftheCommercialActivitiesInventorytoCongressandmakethecontentsoftheInventoryavailabletothepublic.AgencieswillfollowtheprocessprovidedintheSupplementforinterestedpartiestochallenge(andappeal)thecontentsoftheinventory.B.` hp x (#XB11.  OMBResponsibilityandContactPoint.Allquestionsorinquiriesshouldbesubmittedto P(#& theOfficeofManagementandBudget,Room6002_NEOB_,Washington,DC20503.Telephonenumber(202)3956104,FAX(202)395-7230.B.` hp x (#XB12.  EffectiveDate.ThisCircularandthechangestoitsSupplementareeffectiveimmediately.  ,`'* B.` hp x (#XBX  XX AttachmentA  OMBCircularNo.A-76 ^m_ ^m__ ^m N   _^m EXAMPLESOFCOMMERCIALACTIVITIES ^m_ ^m__ ^m    (<X<T$T$(_^m AudiovisualProductsandServices p ̀Photography(still,movie,aerial,etc.)̀Photographicprocessing(developing,printing,enlarging,etc.)̀Filmandvideotapeproduction(scriptwriting,direction,animation,editing,acting,etc.)̀Microfilmingandothermicroforms̀Artandgraphicsservices̀Distributionofaudiovisualmaterials̀Reproductionandduplicationofaudiovisualproducts̀AudiovisualfacilitymanagementandoperatioǹMaintenanceofaudiovisualequipmentAutomaticDataProcessing̀ADPservices-batchprocessing,time-sharing,facilitymanagement,etc.̀Programmingandsystemsanalysis,design,development,andsimulatioǹKeypunching,dataentry,transmission,andteleprocessingservices̀SystemsengineeringandinstallatioǹEquipmentinstallation,operation,andmaintenanceFoodServices̀Operationofcafeterias,messhalls,kitchens,bakeries,dairies,andcommissaries̀Vendingmachines̀IceandwaterHealthServices̀Surgical,medical,dental,andpsychiatriccarèHospitalization,outpatient,andnursingcarèPhysicalexaminations̀Eyeandhearingexaminationsandmanufacturingandfittingglassesandhearingaids̀Medicalanddentallaboratories̀Dispensaries̀PreventivemedicinèDietaryservices̀VeterinaryservicesIndustrialShopsandServices̀Machine,carpentry,electrical,plumbing,painting,andothershops̀Industrialgasproductionandrecharging̀Equipmentandinstrumentfabrication,repairandcalibratioǹPlumbing,heating,electrical,andairconditioningservices,includingrepair B0,9 ЀFireprotectionandpreventionservices̀Custodialandjanitorialservices̀RefusecollectionandprocessingMaintenance,Overhaul,Repair,andTesting̀Aircraftandaircraftcomponents̀Ships,boats,andcomponents̀Motorvehicles̀Combatvehicles̀Railwaysystems̀Electronicequipmentandsystems̀Weaponsandweaponsystems̀Medicalanddentalequipment̀Officefurnitureandequipment̀Industrialplantequipment̀Photographicequipment̀SpacesystemsManagementSupportServices̀Advertisingandpublicrelationsservices̀Financialandpayrollservices̀DebtcollectionManufacturing,Fabrication,Processing,Testing,andPackaging̀Ordnanceequipment̀Clothingandfabricproducts̀Liquid,gaseous,andchemicalproducts̀Lumberproducts̀Communicationsandelectronicsequipment̀Rubberandplasticproducts̀Opticalandrelatedproducts̀Sheetmetalandfoundryproducts̀Machinedproducts̀Constructionmaterials̀TestandinstrumentationequipmentOfficeandAdministrativeServices̀Libraryoperations̀Stenographicrecordingandtranscribing̀Wordprocessing/dataentry/typingservices̀Mail/messenger̀TranslatioǹManagementinformationsystems,productsanddistributioǹFinancialauditingandservices̀Complianceauditing̀Courtreporting̀Materialmanagement̀Supplyservices B0,n ЇOtherServices̀Laundryanddrycleaning̀Mappingandcharting̀Architectandengineerservices̀Geologicalsurveys̀Cataloging̀Training--academic,technical,vocational,andspecializedOperationofutilitysystems̀(power,gas,watersteam,andsewage)̀LaboratorytestingservicesPrintingandReproductioǹFacilitymanagementandoperatioǹPrintingandbinding--wheretheagencyordepartmentisexemptedfromtheprovisionsof̀Title44oftheU.S.CodèReproduction,copying,andduplicatioǹBlueprintingRealPropertỳDesign,engineering,construction,modification,repair,andmaintenanceofbuildingsand̀structures;buildingmechanicalandelectricalequipmentandsystems;elevators;escalators;̀movingwalks̀Construction,alteration,repair,andmaintenanceofroadsandothersurfacedareas̀Landscaping,drainage,mowingandcareofgrounds̀DredgingofwaterwaysSecuritỳGuardandprotectiveservices̀Systemsengineering,installation,andmaintenanceofsecuritysystemsandindividual̀privacysystems̀ForensiclaboratoriesSpecialStudiesandAnalyses̀Costbenefitanalyses̀Statisticalanalyses̀Scientificdatastudies̀Regulatorystudies̀Defense,education,energystudies̀Legal/litigationstudies̀ManagementstudiesSystemsEngineering,Installation,Operation,Maintenance,andTestingBB̀Communicationssystems-voice,message,data,radio,wire,microwave,andsatellitèMissileranges /0,8 ЀSatellitetrackinganddataacquisitioǹRadardetectionandtracking̀Televisionsystems-studioandtransmissionequipment,distributionsystems,receivers,A0 p 0 p 0 p 0 p 0 p 0 p , , , , , , A񀀀antennas,etc.̀Recreationalareas̀BulkstoragefacilitiesTransportatioǹOperationofmotorpools̀BusservicèVehicleoperationandmaintenancèAir,water,andlandtransportationofpeopleandthings̀Truckingandhauling ,!, ,!,, ,!