NC BL 03/00/2008 Table: Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, Bulletin, July 2007 Table 1. Summary: Mean hourly earnings(1) and weekly hours for selected worker and establishment characteristics, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Civilian Private industry State and local government workers workers workers Hourly earnings Hourly earnings Hourly earnings Worker and establishment characteristics Mean Mean Mean weekly weekly weekly Relative hours(- Relative hours(- Relative hours(- Mean error(2) 3) Mean error(2) 3) Mean error(2) 3) (percen- (percen- (percen- t) t) t) All workers........................................................... $16.24 2.9 33.7 $15.16 3.3 33.3 $22.32 3.8 36.0 Worker characteristics(4)(5) Management, professional, and related............................... 26.09 5.1 36.1 24.99 7.2 36.5 28.67 4.7 35.3 Management, business, and financial............................... 31.55 9.2 39.3 30.51 10.2 39.4 37.82 22.7 38.8 Professional and related.......................................... 23.77 4.4 34.9 21.84 6.5 35.0 27.15 3.4 34.8 Service............................................................. 10.14 5.9 28.0 8.88 5.5 26.8 16.59 10.5 36.0 Sales and office.................................................... 13.18 4.6 33.0 12.91 5.1 32.7 15.86 6.1 36.9 Sales and related................................................. 12.63 10.0 32.0 12.57 10.2 31.9 – – – Office and administrative support................................. 13.59 1.9 33.9 13.20 1.8 33.4 15.84 6.2 36.6 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 16.14 5.7 38.1 16.11 6.6 37.9 16.32 7.1 40.0 Construction and extraction...................................... 16.08 8.5 38.2 15.99 9.9 37.9 16.60 9.0 40.0 Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 16.25 3.8 38.0 16.34 4.1 37.7 – – – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 13.48 9.2 36.6 13.46 9.4 36.8 13.98 3.3 30.8 Production........................................................ 16.81 14.1 39.6 16.81 14.1 39.6 – – – Transportation and material moving................................ 11.03 9.7 34.7 10.88 10.2 34.9 13.98 3.3 30.8 Full time........................................................... 18.01 2.7 39.4 16.90 3.3 39.7 23.05 4.0 38.3 Part time........................................................... 9.72 5.7 21.9 9.60 5.9 22.1 12.12 14.1 19.4 Union............................................................... 17.03 7.6 36.1 17.03 7.6 36.1 – – – Nonunion............................................................ 16.20 2.9 33.6 15.02 3.4 33.1 22.32 3.8 36.0 Time................................................................ 16.08 3.0 33.5 14.91 3.5 33.1 22.32 3.8 36.0 Incentive........................................................... 21.07 9.4 39.1 21.07 9.4 39.1 – – – Establishment characteristics Goods producing..................................................... (6) (6) (6) 19.09 7.6 39.0 (6) (6) (6) Service providing................................................... (6) (6) (6) - - - (6) (6) (6) 1-99 workers........................................................ 13.41 4.4 31.9 13.38 4.6 31.8 – – – 100-499 workers..................................................... 15.51 8.4 35.2 14.73 9.1 34.9 21.03 6.4 37.5 500 workers or more................................................. 22.25 4.5 36.2 21.38 7.5 37.0 23.47 4.1 35.3 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 3 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 4 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. Wages of time workers are based solely on hourly rate or salary; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. 5 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 6 Classification of establishments into goods-producing and service-providing industries applies to private industry only. Industries are determined by the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings(1) for full-time and part-time workers(2) by work levels(3), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Total Full-time workers Part-time workers Occupation(4) and level Relative Relative Relative Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5) (percent) (percent) (percent) All workers........................................................... $16.24 2.9 $18.01 2.7 $9.72 5.7 Management occupations.............................................. 36.32 11.5 36.69 11.9 – – Level 11.................................................. 36.40 3.3 36.40 3.3 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 33.22 5.3 34.61 5.2 – – Financial managers................................................ 28.80 5.0 28.11 5.6 – – Business and financial operations occupations....................... 25.23 3.4 25.38 3.5 – – Level 9 .................................................. 24.82 3.8 25.47 4.3 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 23.60 5.2 23.63 5.4 – – Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 20.75 9.9 20.75 9.9 – – Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 27.97 15.0 27.97 15.0 – – Accountants and auditors.......................................... 25.07 2.7 25.53 3.0 – – Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 22.49 11.0 22.49 11.0 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 21.61 11.5 21.61 11.5 – – Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 26.31 8.5 26.31 8.5 – – Level 9 .................................................. 29.52 5.1 29.52 5.1 – – Engineers......................................................... 30.85 3.6 30.85 3.6 – – Level 9 .................................................. 27.68 6.1 27.68 6.1 – – Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 23.00 13.8 23.00 13.8 – – Community and social services occupations........................... 18.13 12.3 18.33 12.7 – – Counselors........................................................ 21.01 20.5 – – – – Education, training, and library occupations........................ 27.89 3.8 29.51 3.2 14.65 15.6 Level 4 .................................................. 12.75 2.8 12.75 2.8 – – Level 6 .................................................. 12.70 12.4 – – – – Level 7 .................................................. 21.87 2.7 – – – – Level 9 .................................................. 32.46 1.8 32.46 1.8 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 28.90 28.3 – – – – Postsecondary teachers............................................ 32.80 12.4 35.92 8.7 15.25 32.8 Not able to be leveled.................................... 36.00 13.7 – – – – Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 26.10 18.5 – – – – Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 31.82 1.3 31.82 1.3 – – Level 9 .................................................. 32.12 .9 32.12 .9 – – Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 31.32 2.7 31.32 2.7 – – Level 9 .................................................. 31.82 3.0 31.82 3.0 – – Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 30.54 1.4 30.54 1.4 – – Level 9 .................................................. 30.91 2.1 30.91 2.1 – – Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 32.99 4.6 32.99 4.6 – – Level 9 .................................................. 33.89 2.8 33.89 2.8 – – Secondary school teachers....................................... 31.87 2.1 31.87 2.1 – – Level 9 .................................................. 31.99 1.8 31.99 1.8 – – Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 31.43 1.6 31.43 1.6 – – Level 9 .................................................. 31.55 1.6 31.55 1.6 – – Other teachers and instructors.................................... 14.96 13.7 – – 13.65 19.0 Teacher assistants................................................ 12.37 .1 12.37 .1 – – Level 4 .................................................. 12.75 2.8 12.75 2.8 – – Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 26.56 7.9 27.35 6.8 – – Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 22.80 13.0 22.43 14.9 26.94 9.4 Level 4 .................................................. 12.66 9.8 12.66 9.8 – – Level 5 .................................................. 16.85 3.5 16.85 3.5 – – Level 8 .................................................. 21.83 4.1 21.19 3.1 – – Level 9 .................................................. 28.29 3.0 27.52 2.7 33.22 10.7 Registered nurses................................................. 24.12 6.0 23.28 7.0 27.45 1.5 Level 8 .................................................. 24.82 2.9 24.48 2.2 – – Level 9 .................................................. 26.21 1.3 – – 28.38 1.6 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 12.33 8.7 12.33 8.7 – – Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 16.39 1.0 16.31 1.4 – – Healthcare support occupations...................................... 11.51 5.6 12.23 9.4 10.05 9.5 Level 2 .................................................. 9.60 4.4 – – 9.46 5.6 Level 3 .................................................. 11.15 4.3 10.98 2.0 – – Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.23 3.6 10.68 .8 9.52 4.9 Level 2 .................................................. 9.57 4.7 – – – – Level 3 .................................................. 10.86 2.0 10.97 2.2 – – Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 10.47 1.2 10.68 .8 10.01 1.5 Level 3 .................................................. 10.86 2.0 10.97 2.2 – – Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 10.95 8.6 – – – – Protective service occupations...................................... 13.23 11.7 14.73 11.2 8.00 4.7 Level 6 .................................................. 17.91 4.0 17.91 4.0 – – Police officers................................................... 19.81 5.1 19.81 5.1 – – Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 19.81 5.1 19.81 5.1 – – Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 8.87 4.6 9.46 5.9 – – Security guards................................................. 8.87 4.6 9.46 5.9 – – Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 8.41 8.5 9.33 19.6 8.15 15.8 Level 1 .................................................. 7.68 12.5 – – 7.51 13.6 Level 2 .................................................. 6.03 4.0 – – 6.58 7.8 Cooks............................................................. 7.83 1.8 – – 7.83 1.8 Food service, tipped.............................................. 8.43 18.6 – – 9.39 28.1 Level 2 .................................................. 3.09 13.1 – – 3.44 36.6 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 3.21 24.6 – – 2.19 6.4 Level 2 .................................................. 2.35 7.5 – – – – Fast food and counter workers..................................... 6.97 5.2 – – 6.77 6.4 Level 2 .................................................. 7.67 9.0 – – 7.67 9.0 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food........................................................... 6.95 5.2 – – 6.75 6.6 Level 2 .................................................. 7.63 9.5 – – 7.63 9.5 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 11.41 8.8 11.36 7.8 11.51 21.2 Level 2 .................................................. 12.74 26.2 – – – – Building cleaning workers......................................... 11.28 10.0 11.14 9.6 11.51 21.2 Level 2 .................................................. 12.74 26.2 – – – – Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 11.92 14.5 12.51 19.0 11.51 21.2 Personal care and service occupations............................... 7.53 10.9 – – 7.05 6.0 Level 1 .................................................. 6.94 3.3 – – 6.85 3.9 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 10.86 9.6 – – 9.03 7.3 Recreation workers.............................................. 10.79 10.2 – – – – Sales and related occupations....................................... 12.63 10.0 14.25 10.5 8.10 5.3 Level 1 .................................................. 6.79 5.8 – – 6.49 3.8 Level 2 .................................................. 7.80 6.5 – – 8.08 4.8 Level 3 .................................................. 10.26 3.9 10.65 5.0 – – Level 4 .................................................. 12.76 11.6 13.18 13.6 – – Level 5 .................................................. 17.85 5.7 17.85 5.7 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 26.68 43.5 – – – – First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 16.58 6.0 16.58 6.0 – – First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 16.17 5.9 16.17 5.9 – – Retail sales workers.............................................. 9.54 2.8 10.39 4.1 7.98 5.0 Level 1 .................................................. 6.79 5.8 – – 6.49 3.8 Level 2 .................................................. 7.67 7.0 – – 7.76 2.3 Level 3 .................................................. 10.42 4.2 10.83 5.4 – – Level 4 .................................................. 11.53 2.6 11.80 3.6 – – Cashiers, all workers........................................... 8.82 4.4 – – 7.71 4.1 Level 2 .................................................. 8.13 6.9 – – 7.75 2.6 Level 3 .................................................. 11.13 6.2 – – – – Cashiers...................................................... 8.82 4.4 – – 7.71 4.1 Level 2 .................................................. 8.13 6.9 – – 7.75 2.6 Level 3 .................................................. 11.13 6.2 – – – – Retail salespersons............................................. 10.13 6.4 11.40 2.4 8.15 10.5 Level 1 .................................................. 6.30 .0 – – – – Level 4 .................................................. – – 11.73 4.3 – – Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.59 1.9 13.88 2.1 12.31 2.1 Level 2 .................................................. 9.96 4.9 10.31 4.2 8.97 8.6 Level 3 .................................................. 13.51 5.1 14.10 5.5 9.86 3.7 Level 4 .................................................. 13.13 2.3 13.12 2.7 13.18 4.2 Level 5 .................................................. 14.46 7.0 14.74 6.5 – – Level 6 .................................................. 17.21 5.4 17.62 7.7 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 15.34 7.3 15.66 6.7 – – Financial clerks.................................................. 15.07 5.0 15.09 8.2 – – Level 4 .................................................. 13.32 5.0 12.57 7.5 – – Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... – – 15.64 14.9 – – Customer service representatives.................................. 13.12 3.8 13.16 3.9 – – Level 4 .................................................. 12.99 3.0 13.05 3.2 – – Order clerks...................................................... 9.82 6.5 – – – – Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 11.10 3.0 11.47 4.5 – – Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 9.53 9.4 10.00 6.7 – – Level 2 .................................................. 9.26 11.5 – – – – Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 13.71 4.8 14.11 5.3 11.39 8.9 Level 4 .................................................. 12.55 3.8 12.54 4.3 – – Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 15.09 6.4 15.39 5.7 – – Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 11.69 7.1 – – – – Office clerks, general............................................ 13.51 4.9 14.16 5.2 10.11 2.6 Level 3 .................................................. 13.00 8.2 13.59 8.5 – – Construction and extraction occupations............................. 16.08 8.5 16.20 8.5 – – Level 2 .................................................. 10.34 3.5 10.46 3.4 – – Level 3 .................................................. 12.66 2.4 12.66 2.4 – – Level 5 .................................................. 17.12 3.2 17.12 3.2 – – Level 6 .................................................. 17.69 6.4 17.62 6.5 – – Level 7 .................................................. 21.42 3.3 21.42 3.3 – – First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................... 25.54 11.4 25.54 11.4 – – Construction laborers............................................. 10.98 .8 10.98 .8 – – Construction equipment operators.................................. 14.93 5.5 14.93 5.5 – – Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 14.93 5.5 14.93 5.5 – – Electricians...................................................... 17.55 3.1 17.55 3.1 – – Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 17.02 8.7 17.02 8.7 – – Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 18.65 5.1 18.65 5.1 – – Helpers, construction trades...................................... 9.72 7.0 – – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 16.25 3.8 16.55 4.0 12.82 11.0 Level 2 .................................................. 10.41 8.5 – – – – Level 3 .................................................. 10.30 3.5 – – – – Level 5 .................................................. 16.28 5.3 16.28 5.3 – – Level 6 .................................................. 19.66 1.2 19.66 1.2 – – Level 7 .................................................. 23.53 5.6 24.66 7.2 – – Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers........................................ 15.30 3.5 – – – – Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 20.28 20.4 20.60 20.4 – – Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 13.63 15.7 13.93 18.0 – – Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 11.19 11.9 – – – – Production occupations.............................................. 16.81 14.1 17.06 14.5 – – Level 2 .................................................. 9.79 10.6 9.79 10.6 – – Level 3 .................................................. 18.41 18.2 – – – – Level 4 .................................................. 14.61 4.4 14.61 4.4 – – Level 5 .................................................. 17.66 2.4 17.66 2.4 – – Level 6 .................................................. 18.58 4.5 18.58 4.5 – – Level 7 .................................................. 19.70 3.3 19.70 3.3 – – First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers.......................................................... 27.26 16.8 27.26 16.8 – – Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 16.43 32.1 16.43 32.1 – – Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 10.72 8.7 11.36 14.2 – – Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 11.03 9.7 12.05 6.9 7.87 3.6 Level 1 .................................................. 8.36 10.4 9.18 14.3 7.18 7.6 Level 2 .................................................. 9.55 7.2 10.03 5.0 – – Level 3 .................................................. 11.06 8.8 11.39 11.8 – – Level 4 .................................................. 14.55 3.5 14.71 3.8 – – Level 5 .................................................. 13.31 21.3 13.31 21.3 – – Bus drivers....................................................... 14.11 2.3 14.19 2.2 – – Bus drivers, school............................................. 14.11 2.3 14.19 2.2 – – Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 12.34 10.1 12.36 10.3 – – Level 4 .................................................. 15.44 11.2 15.44 11.2 – – Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 12.66 13.3 12.66 13.3 – – Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 14.35 12.5 – – – – Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 12.30 7.0 12.91 6.6 – – Level 2 .................................................. 10.39 2.6 10.39 2.6 – – Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 9.28 9.0 10.73 6.2 7.69 8.6 Level 1 .................................................. 8.24 8.2 9.69 3.9 7.35 8.8 Level 2 .................................................. 8.76 7.6 – – – – Level 4 .................................................. 12.87 11.4 – – – – Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 9.18 11.7 10.94 10.5 7.53 10.7 Level 1 .................................................. 7.67 10.4 – – 7.15 9.3 Level 4 .................................................. 12.87 11.4 – – – – Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 8.56 4.6 – – – – 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the occupation's rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately Table 3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings(1) for full-time and part-time workers(2) by work levels(3), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Total Full-time workers Part-time workers Occupation(4) and level Relative Relative Relative Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5) (percent) (percent) (percent) All workers........................................................... $15.16 3.3 $16.90 3.3 $9.60 5.9 Management occupations.............................................. 34.22 13.2 34.29 13.8 – – Level 11.................................................. 36.63 3.7 36.63 3.7 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 34.12 5.4 34.78 7.0 – – Financial managers................................................ 28.65 5.9 27.80 6.8 – – Business and financial operations occupations....................... 25.66 4.0 25.87 4.0 – – Level 9 .................................................. 25.38 3.7 26.44 2.3 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 23.76 5.2 23.80 5.4 – – Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 20.75 9.9 20.75 9.9 – – Accountants and auditors.......................................... – – 25.63 3.3 – – Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 26.74 8.5 26.74 8.5 – – Level 9 .................................................. 29.52 5.1 29.52 5.1 – – Engineers......................................................... 30.85 3.6 30.85 3.6 – – Level 9 .................................................. 27.68 6.1 27.68 6.1 – – Community and social services occupations........................... 15.99 11.4 – – – – Education, training, and library occupations........................ 25.51 9.9 29.12 12.6 11.57 13.8 Level 7 .................................................. 21.63 3.1 – – – – Level 9 .................................................. 35.24 19.4 35.24 19.4 – – Postsecondary teachers............................................ 26.98 10.5 – – – – Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 30.98 19.5 30.98 19.5 – – Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 30.40 17.3 30.40 17.3 – – Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 27.13 8.7 – – – – Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 22.31 14.9 21.87 17.3 26.79 10.1 Level 4 .................................................. 12.87 12.1 12.87 12.1 – – Level 5 .................................................. 16.89 3.7 16.89 3.7 – – Level 8 .................................................. 21.39 4.5 20.58 2.3 – – Level 9 .................................................. 28.09 3.1 27.26 2.8 33.22 10.7 Registered nurses................................................. 23.66 6.8 22.65 7.9 27.28 1.1 Level 8 .................................................. 24.79 3.5 24.35 2.7 – – Level 9 .................................................. 26.21 1.3 – – 28.38 1.6 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 16.39 1.2 – – – – Healthcare support occupations...................................... 11.50 5.6 12.23 9.4 10.00 9.6 Level 2 .................................................. 9.60 4.4 – – 9.46 5.6 Level 3 .................................................. 11.15 4.3 10.98 2.0 – – Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.20 3.7 10.68 .8 9.43 4.9 Level 2 .................................................. 9.57 4.7 – – – – Level 3 .................................................. 10.86 2.0 10.97 2.2 – – Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 10.45 1.5 10.68 .8 9.90 1.6 Level 3 .................................................. 10.86 2.0 10.97 2.2 – – Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 10.95 8.6 – – – – Protective service occupations...................................... 8.40 1.1 8.66 1.3 8.00 4.7 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 8.30 1.4 – – – – Security guards................................................. 8.30 1.4 – – – – Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 8.36 8.9 9.21 20.2 8.13 16.2 Level 1 .................................................. 7.68 12.5 – – 7.51 13.6 Level 2 .................................................. 5.94 3.9 – – 6.48 7.9 Cooks............................................................. 7.75 1.9 – – 7.75 1.9 Food service, tipped.............................................. 8.42 19.1 – – 9.40 28.7 Level 2 .................................................. 2.78 12.4 – – 2.79 30.5 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 3.21 24.6 – – 2.19 6.4 Level 2 .................................................. 2.35 7.5 – – – – Fast food and counter workers..................................... 6.77 6.3 – – 6.75 6.6 Level 2 .................................................. 7.63 9.5 – – 7.63 9.5 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food........................................................... 6.77 6.3 – – 6.75 6.6 Level 2 .................................................. 7.63 9.5 – – 7.63 9.5 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 11.65 11.3 11.70 11.8 – – Building cleaning workers......................................... 11.54 12.2 11.50 13.6 – – Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 12.70 19.7 – – – – Personal care and service occupations............................... 6.83 3.5 – – 6.78 4.3 Level 1 .................................................. 6.96 3.6 – – – – Sales and related occupations....................................... 12.57 10.2 14.21 10.8 8.10 5.3 Level 1 .................................................. 6.79 5.8 – – 6.49 3.8 Level 2 .................................................. 7.80 6.5 – – 8.08 4.8 Level 3 .................................................. 10.20 4.2 10.58 5.4 – – Level 4 .................................................. 12.76 11.6 13.18 13.6 – – Level 5 .................................................. 17.67 6.4 17.67 6.4 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 26.68 43.5 – – – – First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 16.32 6.2 16.32 6.2 – – First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 15.86 6.2 15.86 6.2 – – Retail sales workers.............................................. 9.51 2.8 10.36 4.2 7.98 5.0 Level 1 .................................................. 6.79 5.8 – – 6.49 3.8 Level 2 .................................................. 7.67 7.0 – – 7.76 2.3 Level 3 .................................................. 10.36 4.5 10.77 5.8 – – Level 4 .................................................. 11.53 2.6 11.80 3.6 – – Cashiers, all workers........................................... 8.72 4.6 – – 7.71 4.1 Level 2 .................................................. 8.13 6.9 – – 7.75 2.6 Cashiers...................................................... 8.72 4.6 – – 7.71 4.1 Level 2 .................................................. 8.13 6.9 – – 7.75 2.6 Retail salespersons............................................. 10.13 6.4 11.40 2.4 8.15 10.5 Level 1 .................................................. 6.30 .0 – – – – Level 4 .................................................. – – 11.73 4.3 – – Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.20 1.8 13.38 2.1 12.49 2.1 Level 2 .................................................. 10.01 4.9 10.31 4.2 9.03 9.6 Level 3 .................................................. 13.51 5.1 14.10 5.5 9.86 3.7 Level 4 .................................................. 13.00 2.5 12.92 2.9 13.25 4.4 Level 5 .................................................. 14.09 9.5 14.46 9.1 – – Level 6 .................................................. 17.07 6.9 17.58 11.3 – – Financial clerks.................................................. 14.73 5.0 14.56 8.7 – – Level 4 .................................................. 13.32 5.0 12.57 7.5 – – Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... – – 15.64 14.9 – – Customer service representatives.................................. 13.16 3.9 13.16 3.9 – – Level 4 .................................................. 13.05 3.2 13.05 3.2 – – Order clerks...................................................... 9.82 6.5 – – – – Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 11.10 3.0 11.47 4.5 – – Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 9.53 9.4 10.00 6.7 – – Level 2 .................................................. 9.26 11.5 – – – – Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 12.59 4.1 12.94 4.9 11.39 8.9 Level 4 .................................................. 12.46 4.0 12.43 4.6 – – Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. – – 13.58 4.3 – – Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 11.74 9.6 – – – – Office clerks, general............................................ 13.41 5.4 14.00 5.8 – – Level 3 .................................................. 13.00 8.2 13.59 8.5 – – Construction and extraction occupations............................. 15.99 9.9 16.13 9.9 – – Level 2 .................................................. 10.34 3.5 10.46 3.4 – – Level 5 .................................................. 17.43 2.9 17.43 2.9 – – Level 6 .................................................. 16.91 5.6 16.73 4.8 – – Level 7 .................................................. 21.29 3.8 21.29 3.8 – – First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................... 25.54 11.4 25.54 11.4 – – Construction laborers............................................. 10.98 .8 10.98 .8 – – Electricians...................................................... 17.55 3.1 17.55 3.1 – – Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 15.78 7.4 15.78 7.4 – – Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 17.57 5.8 17.57 5.8 – – Helpers, construction trades...................................... 9.72 7.0 – – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 16.34 4.1 16.69 4.3 12.82 11.0 Level 2 .................................................. 10.41 8.5 – – – – Level 3 .................................................. 10.30 3.5 – – – – Level 5 .................................................. 16.28 5.3 16.28 5.3 – – Level 6 .................................................. 21.47 1.9 21.47 1.9 – – Level 7 .................................................. 23.53 5.6 24.66 7.2 – – Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers........................................ 15.30 3.5 – – – – Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 23.99 11.3 – – – – Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 13.63 15.7 13.93 18.0 – – Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 11.19 11.9 – – – – Production occupations.............................................. 16.81 14.1 17.06 14.5 – – Level 2 .................................................. 9.79 10.6 9.79 10.6 – – Level 3 .................................................. 18.41 18.2 – – – – Level 4 .................................................. 14.61 4.4 14.61 4.4 – – Level 5 .................................................. 17.66 2.4 17.66 2.4 – – Level 6 .................................................. 18.58 4.5 18.58 4.5 – – Level 7 .................................................. 19.70 3.3 19.70 3.3 – – First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers.......................................................... 27.26 16.8 27.26 16.8 – – Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 16.43 32.1 16.43 32.1 – – Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 10.72 8.7 11.36 14.2 – – Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 10.88 10.2 11.93 7.4 7.87 3.6 Level 1 .................................................. 8.36 10.4 9.18 14.3 7.18 7.6 Level 2 .................................................. 9.42 6.9 9.87 4.7 – – Level 3 .................................................. 10.86 9.3 – – – – Level 4 .................................................. 14.40 3.8 14.57 4.2 – – Level 5 .................................................. 13.31 21.3 13.31 21.3 – – Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 12.25 10.3 12.28 10.4 – – Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 12.42 14.2 12.42 14.2 – – Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 14.35 12.5 – – – – Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 12.30 7.0 12.91 6.6 – – Level 2 .................................................. 10.39 2.6 10.39 2.6 – – Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 9.28 9.0 10.73 6.2 7.69 8.6 Level 1 .................................................. 8.24 8.2 9.69 3.9 7.35 8.8 Level 2 .................................................. 8.76 7.6 – – – – Level 4 .................................................. 12.87 11.4 – – – – Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 9.18 11.7 10.94 10.5 7.53 10.7 Level 1 .................................................. 7.67 10.4 – – 7.15 9.3 Level 4 .................................................. 12.87 11.4 – – – – Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 8.56 4.6 – – – – 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the occupation's rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. Table 4. State and local government workers: Mean hourly earnings(1) for full-time and part-time workers(2) by work levels(3), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Total Full-time workers Part-time workers Occupation(4) and level Relative Relative Relative Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5) (percent) (percent) (percent) All workers........................................................... $22.32 3.8 $23.05 4.0 $12.12 14.1 Management occupations.............................................. 48.45 24.6 50.82 25.0 – – Business and financial operations occupations....................... 22.45 2.4 22.45 2.4 – – Community and social services occupations........................... 23.64 7.8 23.64 7.8 – – Education, training, and library occupations........................ 28.35 4.0 29.57 3.1 16.02 16.9 Level 4 .................................................. 12.75 2.8 12.75 2.8 – – Level 9 .................................................. 32.32 1.7 32.32 1.7 – – Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 31.88 .1 31.88 .1 – – Level 9 .................................................. 32.02 .4 32.02 .4 – – Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 31.42 2.4 31.42 2.4 – – Level 9 .................................................. 31.60 3.0 31.60 3.0 – – Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 30.56 1.2 30.56 1.2 – – Level 9 .................................................. 30.80 2.1 30.80 2.1 – – Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 33.61 2.9 33.61 2.9 – – Level 9 .................................................. 33.61 2.9 33.61 2.9 – – Secondary school teachers....................................... 31.84 1.6 31.84 1.6 – – Level 9 .................................................. 31.97 1.2 31.97 1.2 – – Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 31.36 .4 31.36 .4 – – Level 9 .................................................. 31.50 .1 31.50 .1 – – Teacher assistants................................................ 12.37 .1 12.37 .1 – – Level 4 .................................................. 12.75 2.8 12.75 2.8 – – Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 26.13 15.9 26.01 16.8 – – Protective service occupations...................................... 19.35 8.6 19.35 8.6 – – Level 6 .................................................. 17.91 4.0 17.91 4.0 – – Police officers................................................... 19.81 5.1 19.81 5.1 – – Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 19.81 5.1 19.81 5.1 – – Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 10.36 15.5 – – – – Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 10.65 3.1 10.72 3.3 – – Building cleaning workers......................................... 10.27 2.8 – – – – Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 10.27 2.8 – – – – Personal care and service occupations............................... 10.03 16.0 – – 8.32 11.3 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 15.84 6.2 16.36 4.7 – – Level 4 .................................................. 13.86 4.6 14.01 4.8 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 18.45 10.2 19.04 8.7 – – Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 15.69 7.5 15.69 7.5 – – Construction and extraction occupations............................. 16.60 9.0 16.60 9.0 – – Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 13.98 3.3 13.98 3.3 – – Bus drivers....................................................... 14.19 2.2 14.19 2.2 – – Bus drivers, school............................................. 14.19 2.2 14.19 2.2 – – 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the occupation's rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. Table 5. Combined work levels(1) for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings(2) for full-time and part-time workers(3), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Total Full-time workers Part-time workers Occupation(4) and level Relative Relative Relative Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5) (percent) (percent) (percent) All workers........................................................... $16.24 2.9 $18.01 2.7 $9.72 5.7 Management occupations.............................................. 36.32 11.5 36.69 11.9 – – Group II.................................................. 19.51 8.0 – – – – Group III................................................. 36.70 12.0 – – – – Financial managers................................................ 28.80 5.0 28.11 5.6 – – Business and financial operations occupations....................... 25.23 3.4 25.38 3.5 – – Group II.................................................. 22.10 6.5 – – – – Group III................................................. 30.00 7.0 – – – – Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 20.75 9.9 20.75 9.9 – – Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 27.97 15.0 27.97 15.0 – – Accountants and auditors.......................................... 25.07 2.7 25.53 3.0 – – Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 22.49 11.0 22.49 11.0 – – Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 26.31 8.5 26.31 8.5 – – Group II.................................................. 22.33 8.8 – – – – Group III................................................. 31.84 5.5 – – – – Engineers......................................................... 30.85 3.6 30.85 3.6 – – Group III................................................. 32.36 6.4 – – – – Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 23.00 13.8 23.00 13.8 – – Group II.................................................. 20.40 8.6 – – – – Community and social services occupations........................... 18.13 12.3 18.33 12.7 – – Counselors........................................................ 21.01 20.5 – – – – Group II.................................................. 16.79 12.6 – – – – Education, training, and library occupations........................ 27.89 3.8 29.51 3.2 14.65 15.6 Group I................................................... 12.18 1.8 – – – – Group II.................................................. 17.31 10.1 – – – – Group III................................................. 33.08 2.4 – – – – Postsecondary teachers............................................ 32.80 12.4 35.92 8.7 15.25 32.8 Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 26.10 18.5 – – – – Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 31.82 1.3 31.82 1.3 – – Group III................................................. 32.12 .9 – – – – Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 31.32 2.7 31.32 2.7 – – Group III................................................. 31.82 3.0 – – – – Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 30.54 1.4 30.54 1.4 – – Group III................................................. 30.91 2.1 30.91 2.1 – – Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 32.99 4.6 32.99 4.6 – – Group III................................................. 33.89 2.8 33.89 2.8 – – Secondary school teachers....................................... 31.87 2.1 31.87 2.1 – – Group III................................................. 31.99 1.8 – – – – Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 31.43 1.6 31.43 1.6 – – Group III................................................. 31.55 1.6 31.55 1.6 – – Other teachers and instructors.................................... 14.96 13.7 – – 13.65 19.0 Group II.................................................. 16.31 14.5 – – – – Teacher assistants................................................ 12.37 .1 12.37 .1 – – Group I................................................... 12.37 .1 12.37 .1 – – Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 26.56 7.9 27.35 6.8 – – Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 22.80 13.0 22.43 14.9 26.94 9.4 Group I................................................... 12.52 7.4 – – – – Group II.................................................. 19.45 3.1 – – – – Group III................................................. 37.03 8.8 – – – – Registered nurses................................................. 24.12 6.0 23.28 7.0 27.45 1.5 Group II.................................................. 22.60 8.3 21.68 8.7 – – Group III................................................. 26.21 1.3 – – 28.38 1.6 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 12.33 8.7 12.33 8.7 – – Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 16.39 1.0 16.31 1.4 – – Healthcare support occupations...................................... 11.51 5.6 12.23 9.4 10.05 9.5 Group I................................................... 10.38 3.8 – – – – Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.23 3.6 10.68 .8 9.52 4.9 Group I................................................... 10.23 3.6 – – – – Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 10.47 1.2 10.68 .8 10.01 1.5 Group I................................................... 10.47 1.2 10.68 .8 10.01 1.5 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 10.95 8.6 – – – – Group I................................................... 10.95 8.6 – – – – Protective service occupations...................................... 13.23 11.7 14.73 11.2 8.00 4.7 Group I................................................... 8.97 4.4 – – – – Group II.................................................. 19.22 4.1 – – – – Police officers................................................... 19.81 5.1 19.81 5.1 – – Group II.................................................. 20.02 5.6 – – – – Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 19.81 5.1 19.81 5.1 – – Group II.................................................. 20.02 5.6 20.02 5.6 – – Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 8.87 4.6 9.46 5.9 – – Group I................................................... 8.71 4.5 – – – – Security guards................................................. 8.87 4.6 9.46 5.9 – – Group I................................................... 8.71 4.5 – – – – Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 8.41 8.5 9.33 19.6 8.15 15.8 Group I................................................... 8.06 7.0 – – – – Cooks............................................................. 7.83 1.8 – – 7.83 1.8 Group I................................................... 7.83 1.8 – – – – Food service, tipped.............................................. 8.43 18.6 – – 9.39 28.1 Group I................................................... 8.43 18.6 – – – – Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 3.21 24.6 – – 2.19 6.4 Group I................................................... 3.21 24.6 – – 2.19 6.4 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 6.97 5.2 – – 6.77 6.4 Group I................................................... 6.97 5.2 – – – – Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food........................................................... 6.95 5.2 – – 6.75 6.6 Group I................................................... 6.95 5.2 – – 6.75 6.6 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 11.41 8.8 11.36 7.8 11.51 21.2 Group I................................................... 10.68 7.2 – – – – Building cleaning workers......................................... 11.28 10.0 11.14 9.6 11.51 21.2 Group I................................................... 10.59 7.8 – – – – Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 11.92 14.5 12.51 19.0 11.51 21.2 Group I................................................... 10.55 11.4 12.51 19.0 – – Personal care and service occupations............................... 7.53 10.9 – – 7.05 6.0 Group I................................................... 7.51 10.9 – – – – Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 10.86 9.6 – – 9.03 7.3 Group I................................................... 10.79 10.2 – – – – Recreation workers.............................................. 10.79 10.2 – – – – Group I................................................... 10.79 10.2 – – – – Sales and related occupations....................................... 12.63 10.0 14.25 10.5 8.10 5.3 Group I................................................... 9.96 5.4 – – – – Group II.................................................. 17.82 6.2 – – – – First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 16.58 6.0 16.58 6.0 – – Group II.................................................. 16.23 5.7 – – – – First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 16.17 5.9 16.17 5.9 – – Group II.................................................. 16.20 5.8 16.20 5.8 – – Retail sales workers.............................................. 9.54 2.8 10.39 4.1 7.98 5.0 Group I................................................... 9.29 2.2 – – – – Cashiers, all workers........................................... 8.82 4.4 – – 7.71 4.1 Group I................................................... 8.82 4.4 – – – – Cashiers...................................................... 8.82 4.4 – – 7.71 4.1 Group I................................................... 8.82 4.4 – – 7.71 4.1 Retail salespersons............................................. 10.13 6.4 11.40 2.4 8.15 10.5 Group I................................................... 9.75 1.7 10.96 6.5 8.17 10.8 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.59 1.9 13.88 2.1 12.31 2.1 Group I................................................... 12.39 2.0 – – – – Group II.................................................. 15.97 4.2 – – – – Financial clerks.................................................. 15.07 5.0 15.09 8.2 – – Group I................................................... 12.97 4.6 – – – – Group II.................................................. 16.98 8.7 – – – – Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... – – 15.64 14.9 – – Customer service representatives.................................. 13.12 3.8 13.16 3.9 – – Group I................................................... 12.67 3.1 12.71 3.2 – – Order clerks...................................................... 9.82 6.5 – – – – Group I................................................... 9.82 6.5 – – – – Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 11.10 3.0 11.47 4.5 – – Group I................................................... 10.76 2.8 – – – – Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 9.53 9.4 10.00 6.7 – – Group I................................................... 9.53 9.4 10.00 6.7 – – Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 13.71 4.8 14.11 5.3 11.39 8.9 Group I................................................... 12.38 3.3 – – – – Group II.................................................. 16.07 7.6 – – – – Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 15.09 6.4 15.39 5.7 – – Group II.................................................. 17.10 3.7 17.10 3.7 – – Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 11.69 7.1 – – – – Office clerks, general............................................ 13.51 4.9 14.16 5.2 10.11 2.6 Group I................................................... 13.62 6.1 14.27 6.3 – – Construction and extraction occupations............................. 16.08 8.5 16.20 8.5 – – Group I................................................... 11.68 2.0 – – – – Group II.................................................. 18.85 2.5 – – – – First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................... 25.54 11.4 25.54 11.4 – – Construction laborers............................................. 10.98 .8 10.98 .8 – – Group I................................................... 10.67 2.7 10.67 2.7 – – Construction equipment operators.................................. 14.93 5.5 14.93 5.5 – – Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 14.93 5.5 14.93 5.5 – – Electricians...................................................... 17.55 3.1 17.55 3.1 – – Group II.................................................. 18.04 1.7 18.04 1.7 – – Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 17.02 8.7 17.02 8.7 – – Group II.................................................. 18.65 5.1 – – – – Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 18.65 5.1 18.65 5.1 – – Group II.................................................. 18.65 5.1 18.65 5.1 – – Helpers, construction trades...................................... 9.72 7.0 – – – – Group I................................................... 9.72 7.0 – – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 16.25 3.8 16.55 4.0 12.82 11.0 Group I................................................... 11.49 5.7 – – – – Group II.................................................. 19.71 4.4 – – – – Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers........................................ 15.30 3.5 – – – – Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 20.28 20.4 20.60 20.4 – – Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 13.63 15.7 13.93 18.0 – – Group I................................................... 10.32 7.1 – – – – Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 11.19 11.9 – – – – Group I................................................... 11.19 11.9 – – – – Production occupations.............................................. 16.81 14.1 17.06 14.5 – – Group I................................................... 11.84 9.0 – – – – Group II.................................................. 18.62 2.4 – – – – First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers.......................................................... 27.26 16.8 27.26 16.8 – – Group II.................................................. 20.23 3.4 20.23 3.4 – – Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 16.43 32.1 16.43 32.1 – – Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 10.72 8.7 11.36 14.2 – – Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 11.03 9.7 12.05 6.9 7.87 3.6 Group I................................................... 10.16 7.3 – – – – Group II.................................................. 17.30 15.3 – – – – Bus drivers....................................................... 14.11 2.3 14.19 2.2 – – Group I................................................... 14.11 2.3 – – – – Bus drivers, school............................................. 14.11 2.3 14.19 2.2 – – Group I................................................... 14.11 2.3 14.19 2.2 – – Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 12.34 10.1 12.36 10.3 – – Group I................................................... 12.36 10.7 – – – – Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 12.66 13.3 12.66 13.3 – – Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 14.35 12.5 – – – – Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 12.30 7.0 12.91 6.6 – – Group I................................................... 11.68 7.2 12.16 7.4 – – Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 9.28 9.0 10.73 6.2 7.69 8.6 Group I................................................... 9.01 8.3 – – – – Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 9.18 11.7 10.94 10.5 7.53 10.7 Group I................................................... 8.93 10.8 10.53 9.6 7.53 10.7 Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 8.56 4.6 – – – – Group I................................................... 8.55 4.5 – – – – 1 Combined work levels simplify the presentation of work levels by combining levels 1 through 15 into four broad groups. Group I combines levels 1-4, group II combines levels 5-8, group III combines levels 9-12, and group IV combines levels 13-15. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. Table 6. Civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles(1), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Occupation(2) 10 25 Median 75 90 50 All workers........................................................... $7.40 $9.77 $13.47 $19.75 $28.93 Management occupations.............................................. 19.12 22.91 30.69 47.96 55.49 Financial managers................................................ 22.39 22.44 29.31 32.49 38.68 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 17.25 20.79 24.04 28.99 32.50 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 9.79 16.50 22.53 27.50 28.85 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 20.79 20.79 22.05 35.43 49.99 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 20.08 21.63 25.00 29.08 29.08 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 17.64 17.64 19.53 26.00 31.51 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 17.00 21.79 25.25 31.00 35.80 Engineers......................................................... 23.00 25.24 31.25 35.80 37.94 Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 15.00 17.04 20.65 27.55 31.00 Community and social services occupations........................... 11.99 11.99 18.19 18.95 30.40 Counselors........................................................ 10.15 13.82 19.52 25.59 36.07 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 11.58 19.92 28.92 34.93 41.94 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 12.02 26.60 31.69 38.63 48.18 Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 7.50 12.00 23.00 35.21 52.40 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 25.64 27.42 30.71 35.52 40.55 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 25.31 27.15 30.32 35.03 39.74 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 24.69 26.83 29.41 34.34 38.58 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 26.65 28.50 31.98 36.67 41.81 Secondary school teachers....................................... 25.46 27.13 30.11 35.90 41.34 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 25.10 26.88 29.52 34.93 40.27 Other teachers and instructors.................................... 8.13 9.00 12.13 18.01 23.54 Teacher assistants................................................ 10.57 11.31 12.05 13.54 15.05 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 20.50 22.16 25.61 31.73 32.97 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 11.66 14.73 18.99 26.03 33.65 Registered nurses................................................. 17.00 20.24 25.47 27.37 29.97 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 9.50 10.00 11.00 14.25 18.31 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 14.20 15.39 16.56 17.50 18.17 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 8.56 9.77 10.30 11.54 14.53 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 8.50 9.23 10.12 11.30 11.82 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 8.91 9.60 10.39 11.35 12.10 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 10.30 10.30 10.30 11.19 12.38 Protective service occupations...................................... 7.10 8.25 9.69 18.25 23.33 Police officers................................................... 16.28 17.35 18.94 21.25 24.54 Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 16.28 17.35 18.94 21.25 24.54 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 6.75 7.45 8.50 9.61 11.67 Security guards................................................. 6.75 7.45 8.50 9.61 11.67 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 2.13 6.44 8.00 11.50 12.18 Cooks............................................................. 6.05 7.05 8.35 8.35 9.00 Food service, tipped.............................................. 2.13 2.13 10.51 12.18 12.18 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 6.28 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 5.75 6.25 6.44 7.00 8.50 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food........................................................... 5.75 6.25 6.44 7.00 8.50 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 8.24 8.99 9.77 11.39 14.59 Building cleaning workers......................................... 8.24 8.55 9.64 11.04 14.07 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 7.57 8.55 9.33 10.40 28.00 Personal care and service occupations............................... 6.00 6.00 7.00 7.80 10.00 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 7.55 8.76 10.00 13.12 14.19 Recreation workers.............................................. 7.55 8.76 10.00 13.12 14.19 Sales and related occupations....................................... 6.50 8.10 10.05 15.03 21.00 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 12.22 14.56 17.31 17.31 20.48 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 12.22 14.00 17.31 17.31 18.70 Retail sales workers.............................................. 6.25 7.02 9.50 10.66 13.00 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 6.50 7.02 7.75 10.05 11.54 Cashiers...................................................... 6.50 7.02 7.75 10.05 11.54 Retail salespersons............................................. 6.00 8.48 10.00 10.73 14.30 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 9.25 11.22 13.20 15.27 17.57 Financial clerks.................................................. 10.25 12.41 14.50 16.25 19.39 Customer service representatives.................................. 11.30 11.89 12.36 14.90 16.58 Order clerks...................................................... 7.65 8.67 9.18 11.00 11.87 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 9.34 9.80 10.34 11.98 13.83 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 7.69 8.00 9.50 10.03 11.55 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 10.97 11.22 12.71 16.09 18.46 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 11.56 12.04 14.36 17.80 18.78 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 8.90 11.22 11.22 11.54 14.59 Office clerks, general............................................ 10.00 11.12 13.90 15.25 15.25 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 9.94 12.08 15.00 19.46 23.00 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................... 21.00 23.00 25.00 27.50 32.50 Construction laborers............................................. 9.00 9.94 10.71 12.27 13.50 Construction equipment operators.................................. 13.52 14.00 14.01 14.20 18.99 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 13.52 14.00 14.01 14.20 18.99 Electricians...................................................... 15.00 17.50 18.41 18.90 18.90 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 13.70 13.70 17.68 20.70 20.84 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 14.75 17.19 19.08 20.84 20.84 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 7.05 7.05 10.00 12.00 12.00 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 10.22 12.00 15.45 19.20 26.12 Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers........................................ 8.00 12.00 17.00 19.46 21.33 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 12.26 12.54 21.77 26.12 27.55 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 8.65 10.00 12.00 17.07 18.29 Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 7.62 9.00 10.20 12.50 17.00 Production occupations.............................................. 8.00 10.03 15.74 19.76 32.23 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers.......................................................... 15.74 19.75 29.57 34.64 37.23 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 7.50 8.50 11.25 28.03 28.03 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 8.90 9.63 10.03 10.03 14.87 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 6.50 8.22 9.90 12.75 17.40 Bus drivers....................................................... 10.99 11.75 13.63 16.24 17.46 Bus drivers, school............................................. 10.99 11.75 13.63 16.24 17.46 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 9.75 9.75 10.40 13.40 17.04 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 9.90 10.00 12.00 13.40 15.81 Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 9.00 12.20 13.00 17.00 20.30 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 9.50 9.83 10.50 13.75 17.40 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 6.00 7.76 8.49 10.50 12.90 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 6.00 7.00 8.40 10.10 13.82 Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 7.76 7.76 8.00 9.50 10.83 1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. Table 7. Private industry workers: Hourly wage percentiles(1), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Occupation(2) 10 25 Median 75 90 50 All workers........................................................... $7.02 $9.34 $12.18 $18.19 $26.76 Management occupations.............................................. 19.12 22.44 30.07 47.37 53.99 Financial managers................................................ 21.29 22.44 30.06 32.49 40.02 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 17.93 21.63 25.00 28.99 33.65 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 9.79 16.50 22.53 27.50 28.85 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 16.65 21.79 26.00 31.25 35.80 Engineers......................................................... 23.00 25.24 31.25 35.80 37.94 Community and social services occupations........................... 11.99 11.99 14.72 18.19 18.19 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 10.00 16.40 26.60 29.36 39.65 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 10.00 21.90 26.60 29.36 40.00 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 20.77 23.90 31.98 34.41 45.08 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 20.77 23.65 31.98 33.57 39.13 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 19.80 22.88 29.08 31.73 32.97 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 11.70 14.73 18.99 25.82 32.68 Registered nurses................................................. 17.00 19.00 25.41 27.00 29.08 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 14.20 15.33 16.83 17.50 18.08 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 8.56 9.77 10.30 11.54 14.53 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 8.50 9.16 10.12 11.26 11.71 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 8.91 9.60 10.39 11.35 11.90 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 10.30 10.30 10.30 11.19 12.38 Protective service occupations...................................... 6.75 7.50 8.50 9.00 9.97 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 6.75 7.25 8.25 9.00 9.69 Security guards................................................. 6.75 7.25 8.25 9.00 9.69 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 2.13 6.44 8.00 11.50 12.18 Cooks............................................................. 6.05 7.00 8.25 8.35 8.50 Food service, tipped.............................................. 2.13 2.13 10.51 12.18 12.18 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 6.28 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 5.75 6.25 6.44 6.65 8.50 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food........................................................... 5.75 6.25 6.44 6.65 8.50 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 8.24 8.55 9.77 11.04 28.00 Building cleaning workers......................................... 8.24 8.50 9.48 11.04 28.00 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 7.50 8.50 9.00 9.77 28.00 Personal care and service occupations............................... 5.85 6.00 6.50 7.65 7.80 Sales and related occupations....................................... 6.50 8.09 10.00 15.03 21.00 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 12.22 14.00 17.31 17.31 18.40 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 12.22 14.00 17.31 17.31 17.31 Retail sales workers.............................................. 6.25 7.02 9.35 10.66 13.00 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 6.50 7.02 7.75 9.80 11.54 Cashiers...................................................... 6.50 7.02 7.75 9.80 11.54 Retail salespersons............................................. 6.00 8.48 10.00 10.73 14.30 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 9.25 11.00 12.87 15.04 16.35 Financial clerks.................................................. 10.00 12.17 14.50 16.25 19.12 Customer service representatives.................................. 11.34 11.89 12.45 14.90 16.67 Order clerks...................................................... 7.65 8.67 9.18 11.00 11.87 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 9.34 9.80 10.34 11.98 13.83 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 7.69 8.00 9.50 10.03 11.55 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 10.10 11.22 11.57 13.73 16.18 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 8.90 11.22 11.22 11.22 16.35 Office clerks, general............................................ 10.00 11.12 13.50 15.25 15.25 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 9.75 12.00 15.00 19.00 23.00 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................... 21.00 23.00 25.00 27.50 32.50 Construction laborers............................................. 9.00 9.94 10.71 12.27 13.50 Electricians...................................................... 15.00 17.50 18.41 18.90 18.90 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 13.70 13.70 13.70 17.94 19.89 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 12.38 16.05 17.89 19.46 19.89 Helpers, construction trades...................................... 7.05 7.05 10.00 12.00 12.00 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 10.00 11.25 15.45 19.89 26.12 Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers........................................ 8.00 12.00 17.00 19.46 21.33 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 17.94 21.77 26.12 27.55 27.55 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 8.65 10.00 12.00 17.07 18.29 Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 7.62 9.00 10.20 12.50 17.00 Production occupations.............................................. 8.00 10.03 15.74 19.76 32.23 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers.......................................................... 15.74 19.75 29.57 34.64 37.23 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 7.50 8.50 11.25 28.03 28.03 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 8.90 9.63 10.03 10.03 14.87 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 6.50 8.22 9.83 12.10 17.40 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 9.75 9.75 10.40 13.40 17.00 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 9.90 10.00 11.75 13.40 14.58 Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 9.00 12.20 13.00 17.00 20.30 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 9.50 9.83 10.50 13.75 17.40 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 6.00 7.76 8.49 10.50 12.90 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 6.00 7.00 8.40 10.10 13.82 Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 7.76 7.76 8.00 9.50 10.83 1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. Table 8. State and local government workers: Hourly wage percentiles(1), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Occupation(2) 10 25 Median 75 90 50 All workers........................................................... $11.49 $13.78 $19.22 $27.42 $35.85 Management occupations.............................................. 26.12 30.55 37.88 55.49 99.99 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 14.36 20.79 21.55 23.72 29.64 Community and social services occupations........................... 16.79 18.95 22.50 27.13 31.18 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 11.79 22.55 29.34 35.52 42.03 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 25.78 27.42 30.71 35.71 40.55 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 25.64 27.28 30.13 35.32 39.74 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 25.11 26.88 29.41 34.28 38.37 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 27.15 28.92 32.50 37.39 41.81 Secondary school teachers....................................... 25.67 27.15 30.11 35.78 40.55 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 25.46 26.92 29.52 34.88 40.27 Teacher assistants................................................ 10.57 11.31 12.05 13.54 15.05 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 11.16 15.69 18.40 28.57 67.71 Protective service occupations...................................... 12.69 16.18 18.88 22.90 26.16 Police officers................................................... 16.28 17.35 18.94 21.25 24.54 Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 16.28 17.35 18.94 21.25 24.54 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 8.30 8.65 9.65 12.01 14.28 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 8.41 9.29 10.35 11.59 13.11 Building cleaning workers......................................... 8.20 9.06 9.81 11.52 13.09 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 8.20 9.06 9.81 11.52 13.09 Personal care and service occupations............................... 6.85 7.55 8.86 13.12 13.86 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 11.54 12.88 15.72 18.32 21.41 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 11.54 12.10 16.09 18.46 18.83 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 11.80 13.24 14.98 20.01 23.00 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 10.99 12.01 13.71 15.97 17.39 Bus drivers....................................................... 10.99 11.93 13.93 16.24 17.46 Bus drivers, school............................................. 10.99 11.93 13.93 16.24 17.46 1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. Table 9. Full-time(1) civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles(2), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Full-time workers Occupation(3) 10 25 Median 75 90 50 All workers........................................................... $9.00 $11.03 $15.25 $21.88 $30.64 Management occupations.............................................. 19.12 22.91 30.29 48.00 55.49 Financial managers................................................ 21.29 22.44 26.66 30.07 40.02 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 16.81 20.79 25.00 28.99 35.43 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 9.79 16.50 22.53 27.50 28.85 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 20.79 20.79 22.05 35.43 49.99 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 20.08 20.08 26.71 29.08 29.08 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 17.64 17.64 19.53 26.00 31.51 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 17.00 21.79 25.25 31.00 35.80 Engineers......................................................... 23.00 25.24 31.25 35.80 37.94 Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 15.00 17.04 20.65 27.55 31.00 Community and social services occupations........................... 11.99 11.99 18.19 18.95 30.46 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 13.23 25.46 29.37 35.71 42.29 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 26.60 29.36 34.63 39.53 49.52 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 25.64 27.42 30.71 35.52 40.55 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 25.31 27.15 30.32 35.03 39.74 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 24.69 26.83 29.41 34.34 38.58 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 26.65 28.50 31.98 36.67 41.81 Secondary school teachers....................................... 25.46 27.13 30.11 35.90 41.34 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 25.10 26.88 29.52 34.93 40.27 Teacher assistants................................................ 10.57 11.31 12.05 13.54 15.05 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 21.15 22.85 26.24 31.73 32.97 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 11.58 14.42 17.77 25.82 33.65 Registered nurses................................................. 17.00 19.00 24.28 26.60 29.24 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 9.50 10.00 11.00 14.25 18.31 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 14.20 15.11 16.81 17.50 17.91 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 9.64 10.30 10.35 11.54 23.92 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 9.05 9.85 10.90 11.54 12.50 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 9.05 9.85 10.90 11.54 12.50 Protective service occupations...................................... 8.00 8.73 12.83 18.94 24.86 Police officers................................................... 16.28 17.35 18.94 21.25 24.54 Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 16.28 17.35 18.94 21.25 24.54 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 7.10 8.00 8.75 11.54 12.69 Security guards................................................. 7.10 8.00 8.75 11.54 12.69 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 2.13 2.13 10.92 14.00 14.48 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 8.24 9.10 10.56 11.90 13.76 Building cleaning workers......................................... 8.24 8.79 10.26 11.31 12.68 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 8.00 8.84 9.82 12.43 28.14 Sales and related occupations....................................... 7.31 9.35 11.00 17.31 23.08 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 12.22 14.56 17.31 17.31 20.48 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 12.22 14.00 17.31 17.31 18.70 Retail sales workers.............................................. 6.95 8.48 10.00 11.50 15.03 Retail salespersons............................................. 9.00 9.52 10.66 11.75 16.00 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 10.00 11.43 13.20 15.27 18.32 Financial clerks.................................................. 9.25 11.25 14.20 18.06 25.00 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 10.50 11.25 14.61 18.06 25.00 Customer service representatives.................................. 11.34 11.89 12.45 14.90 16.67 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 9.55 10.08 11.52 12.73 13.83 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 8.00 8.05 10.03 10.20 12.64 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 11.22 11.47 13.36 16.35 18.46 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 11.47 12.71 15.51 18.44 19.30 Office clerks, general............................................ 11.12 12.95 15.00 15.25 15.91 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 10.00 12.27 15.00 19.46 24.00 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................... 21.00 23.00 25.00 27.50 32.50 Construction laborers............................................. 9.00 9.94 10.71 12.27 13.50 Construction equipment operators.................................. 13.52 14.00 14.01 14.20 18.99 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 13.52 14.00 14.01 14.20 18.99 Electricians...................................................... 15.00 17.50 18.41 18.90 18.90 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 13.70 13.70 17.68 20.70 20.84 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 14.75 17.19 19.08 20.84 20.84 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 10.22 12.00 15.45 19.46 26.12 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 12.26 12.54 21.77 26.12 27.55 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 8.65 10.39 12.38 17.19 18.75 Production occupations.............................................. 8.00 10.50 15.74 19.89 32.23 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers.......................................................... 15.74 19.75 29.57 34.64 37.23 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 7.50 8.50 11.25 28.03 28.03 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 8.50 9.15 9.63 11.85 17.00 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 8.22 9.00 10.40 13.82 18.30 Bus drivers....................................................... 10.99 11.93 13.93 16.24 17.46 Bus drivers, school............................................. 10.99 11.93 13.93 16.24 17.46 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 9.75 9.75 10.40 13.40 17.39 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 9.90 10.00 12.00 13.40 15.81 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 9.50 10.35 11.25 15.00 17.40 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 8.22 8.25 10.00 11.36 15.69 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 8.22 8.22 9.25 13.82 17.50 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. Table 10. Part-time(1) civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles(2), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Part-time workers Occupation(3) 10 25 Median 75 90 50 All workers........................................................... $6.00 $6.55 $8.57 $10.92 $14.50 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 8.13 8.13 12.12 19.59 25.00 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 7.00 8.00 11.25 23.00 31.69 Other teachers and instructors.................................... 8.13 8.13 11.00 17.00 25.00 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 16.00 23.67 26.76 29.11 35.00 Registered nurses................................................. 23.73 26.76 26.76 28.69 32.00 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 8.00 8.65 9.69 10.62 12.38 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 8.00 8.56 9.41 10.20 11.59 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 8.56 8.93 9.82 11.12 11.70 Protective service occupations...................................... 6.67 7.00 8.00 8.80 10.12 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 5.40 6.44 8.00 10.51 12.18 Cooks............................................................. 6.05 7.05 8.35 8.35 9.00 Food service, tipped.............................................. 2.13 8.07 11.12 12.18 12.18 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 5.75 6.25 6.44 6.55 8.25 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food........................................................... 5.75 6.20 6.44 6.50 8.25 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 7.50 8.50 9.00 9.77 28.00 Building cleaning workers......................................... 7.50 8.50 9.00 9.77 28.00 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 7.50 8.50 9.00 9.77 28.00 Personal care and service occupations............................... 5.91 6.00 6.50 7.65 8.76 Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 7.55 7.55 8.76 10.00 12.00 Sales and related occupations....................................... 6.00 6.50 7.50 9.37 10.90 Retail sales workers.............................................. 6.00 6.50 7.25 9.00 10.50 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 6.50 7.00 7.02 8.50 9.40 Cashiers...................................................... 6.50 7.00 7.02 8.50 9.40 Retail salespersons............................................. 5.75 6.00 7.73 10.00 10.90 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 8.55 9.71 13.13 14.50 16.25 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 8.90 8.90 11.84 13.73 13.73 Office clerks, general............................................ 8.69 9.71 10.00 10.00 12.00 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 7.62 9.60 10.44 17.07 20.88 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 6.00 6.00 7.76 9.47 10.00 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 6.00 6.00 7.76 8.67 10.00 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 6.00 6.00 7.00 8.67 10.00 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 2 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately Table 11. Full-time(1) civilian workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(2) Mean Mean Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual hours hours All workers........................................................... $18.01 $15.25 $710 $596 39.4 $35,221 $30,160 1,956 Management occupations.............................................. 36.69 30.29 1,501 1,315 40.9 77,741 66,148 2,119 Financial managers................................................ 28.11 26.66 1,155 1,000 41.1 60,043 51,983 2,136 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 25.38 25.00 1,030 1,000 40.6 53,574 52,000 2,111 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 20.75 22.53 830 901 40.0 43,160 46,854 2,080 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 27.97 22.05 1,112 867 39.8 57,822 45,094 2,067 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 25.53 26.71 1,021 1,068 40.0 53,104 55,561 2,080 Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 22.49 19.53 786 781 34.9 40,848 40,622 1,816 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 26.31 25.25 1,052 1,010 40.0 54,718 52,520 2,080 Engineers......................................................... 30.85 31.25 1,234 1,250 40.0 64,178 65,000 2,080 Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 23.00 20.65 920 826 40.0 47,836 42,952 2,080 Community and social services occupations........................... 18.33 18.19 639 546 34.8 32,908 28,376 1,795 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 29.51 29.37 1,070 1,074 36.3 43,918 43,394 1,488 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 35.92 34.63 1,437 1,385 40.0 64,730 61,737 1,802 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 31.82 30.71 1,139 1,096 35.8 45,895 43,983 1,442 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 31.32 30.32 1,126 1,096 36.0 45,585 43,560 1,455 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 30.54 29.41 1,108 1,074 36.3 44,349 42,512 1,452 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 32.99 31.98 1,163 1,120 35.3 48,217 46,893 1,462 Secondary school teachers....................................... 31.87 30.11 1,139 1,075 35.8 45,354 43,077 1,423 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 31.43 29.52 1,126 1,056 35.8 45,056 42,512 1,434 Teacher assistants................................................ 12.37 12.05 431 432 34.9 16,278 16,174 1,316 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 27.35 26.24 1,046 1,087 38.2 54,381 56,534 1,989 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 22.43 17.77 884 734 39.4 45,367 36,670 2,022 Registered nurses................................................. 23.28 24.28 907 897 38.9 45,191 43,805 1,941 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 12.33 11.00 493 440 40.0 25,653 22,880 2,080 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 16.31 16.81 627 648 38.4 32,598 33,677 1,998 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 12.23 10.35 479 412 39.1 24,883 21,424 2,034 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.68 10.90 409 409 38.3 21,292 21,255 1,994 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 10.68 10.90 409 409 38.3 21,292 21,255 1,994 Protective service occupations...................................... 14.73 12.83 601 500 40.8 23,935 18,595 1,625 Police officers................................................... 19.81 18.94 798 758 40.3 41,487 39,404 2,095 Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 19.81 18.94 798 758 40.3 41,487 39,404 2,095 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 9.46 8.75 370 340 39.1 18,900 17,742 1,999 Security guards................................................. 9.46 8.75 370 340 39.1 18,900 17,742 1,999 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 9.33 10.92 370 351 39.7 18,633 16,640 1,996 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 11.36 10.56 442 396 38.9 22,480 20,592 1,979 Building cleaning workers......................................... 11.14 10.26 431 392 38.7 21,837 19,932 1,961 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 12.51 9.82 495 386 39.5 24,221 18,848 1,935 Sales and related occupations....................................... 14.25 11.00 577 426 40.5 27,920 22,173 1,959 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 16.58 17.31 711 708 42.9 36,989 36,837 2,231 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 16.17 17.31 697 654 43.1 36,260 34,000 2,243 Retail sales workers.............................................. 10.39 10.00 413 400 39.7 19,145 20,093 1,843 Retail salespersons............................................. 11.40 10.66 450 414 39.5 19,160 20,800 1,681 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.88 13.20 551 525 39.7 27,899 27,040 2,010 Financial clerks.................................................. 15.09 14.20 604 568 40.0 31,395 29,530 2,080 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 15.64 14.61 625 584 40.0 32,521 30,387 2,080 Customer service representatives.................................. 13.16 12.45 525 498 39.9 23,338 24,823 1,774 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 11.47 11.52 459 461 40.0 23,867 23,962 2,080 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 10.00 10.03 400 401 40.0 20,805 20,864 2,080 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 14.11 13.36 551 508 39.0 28,569 26,423 2,025 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 15.39 15.51 594 605 38.6 30,728 30,950 1,997 Office clerks, general............................................ 14.16 15.00 566 600 40.0 29,455 31,200 2,080 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 16.20 15.00 648 600 40.0 33,654 31,200 2,077 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................... 25.54 25.00 1,068 1,000 41.8 55,549 52,000 2,175 Construction laborers............................................. 10.98 10.71 439 428 40.0 22,829 22,273 2,080 Construction equipment operators.................................. 14.93 14.01 597 560 40.0 31,053 29,137 2,080 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 14.93 14.01 597 560 40.0 31,053 29,137 2,080 Electricians...................................................... 17.55 18.41 702 737 40.0 36,505 38,301 2,080 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 17.02 17.68 681 707 40.0 35,400 36,774 2,080 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 18.65 19.08 746 763 40.0 38,786 39,686 2,080 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 16.55 15.45 663 618 40.1 34,463 32,140 2,083 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 20.60 21.77 824 871 40.0 42,851 45,282 2,080 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 13.93 12.38 557 495 40.0 28,984 25,750 2,080 Production occupations.............................................. 17.06 15.74 687 642 40.3 35,718 33,384 2,094 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers.......................................................... 27.26 29.57 1,125 1,289 41.3 58,504 67,032 2,146 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 16.43 11.25 657 450 40.0 34,171 23,400 2,080 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 11.36 9.63 454 385 40.0 23,633 20,035 2,080 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 12.05 10.40 473 410 39.2 23,976 20,800 1,989 Bus drivers....................................................... 14.19 13.93 395 338 27.8 15,004 12,396 1,057 Bus drivers, school............................................. 14.19 13.93 395 338 27.8 15,004 12,396 1,057 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 12.36 10.40 495 416 40.0 25,718 21,632 2,080 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 12.66 12.00 507 480 40.0 26,340 24,960 2,080 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 12.91 11.25 516 450 40.0 26,852 23,400 2,080 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 10.73 10.00 427 384 39.8 21,989 19,988 2,050 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 10.94 9.25 434 347 39.7 22,219 18,038 2,031 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately Table 12. Full-time(1) private industry workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(2) Mean Mean Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual hours hours All workers........................................................... $16.90 $14.46 $670 $560 39.7 $33,718 $28,376 1,995 Management occupations.............................................. 34.29 29.82 1,402 1,212 40.9 72,924 62,999 2,127 Financial managers................................................ 27.80 23.35 1,163 914 41.8 60,457 47,507 2,175 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 25.87 25.70 1,053 1,058 40.7 54,750 54,995 2,116 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 20.75 22.53 830 901 40.0 43,160 46,854 2,080 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 25.63 26.71 1,025 1,068 40.0 53,311 55,561 2,080 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 26.74 26.00 1,070 1,040 40.0 55,623 54,080 2,080 Engineers......................................................... 30.85 31.25 1,234 1,250 40.0 64,178 65,000 2,080 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 29.12 27.86 1,106 1,090 38.0 49,998 47,683 1,717 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 30.98 31.98 1,112 1,119 35.9 47,823 47,796 1,544 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 30.40 31.98 1,077 1,119 35.4 48,775 49,300 1,605 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 21.87 17.78 864 737 39.5 44,921 38,314 2,054 Registered nurses................................................. 22.65 22.71 892 902 39.4 46,388 46,890 2,048 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 12.23 10.35 479 412 39.1 24,883 21,424 2,034 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.68 10.90 409 409 38.3 21,292 21,255 1,994 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 10.68 10.90 409 409 38.3 21,292 21,255 1,994 Protective service occupations...................................... 8.66 8.73 338 330 39.0 10,662 5,587 1,232 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 9.21 10.92 374 360 40.6 19,247 18,720 2,090 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 11.70 10.56 452 396 38.6 23,484 20,592 2,007 Building cleaning workers......................................... 11.50 10.56 442 396 38.4 22,974 20,592 1,998 Sales and related occupations....................................... 14.21 10.87 575 426 40.5 27,802 22,173 1,956 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 16.32 17.31 704 654 43.1 36,592 34,000 2,242 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 15.86 17.31 688 654 43.4 35,774 34,000 2,255 Retail sales workers.............................................. 10.36 10.00 412 392 39.7 19,058 20,093 1,839 Retail salespersons............................................. 11.40 10.66 450 414 39.5 19,160 20,800 1,681 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.38 12.79 534 509 39.9 26,948 26,291 2,014 Financial clerks.................................................. 14.56 13.51 583 540 40.0 30,295 28,101 2,080 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 15.64 14.61 625 584 40.0 32,521 30,387 2,080 Customer service representatives.................................. 13.16 12.45 525 498 39.9 23,338 24,823 1,774 Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 11.47 11.52 459 461 40.0 23,867 23,962 2,080 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 10.00 10.03 400 401 40.0 20,805 20,864 2,080 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 12.94 11.56 504 462 39.0 26,230 24,047 2,026 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 13.58 12.87 522 483 38.5 27,167 25,097 2,000 Office clerks, general............................................ 14.00 15.00 560 600 40.0 29,111 31,200 2,080 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 16.13 15.00 645 600 40.0 33,495 31,200 2,076 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers............................................... 25.54 25.00 1,068 1,000 41.8 55,549 52,000 2,175 Construction laborers............................................. 10.98 10.71 439 428 40.0 22,829 22,273 2,080 Electricians...................................................... 17.55 18.41 702 737 40.0 36,505 38,301 2,080 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 15.78 13.70 631 548 40.0 32,813 28,504 2,080 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 17.57 17.89 703 716 40.0 36,542 37,211 2,080 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 16.69 15.50 668 618 40.1 34,759 32,140 2,083 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 13.93 12.38 557 495 40.0 28,984 25,750 2,080 Production occupations.............................................. 17.06 15.74 687 642 40.3 35,718 33,384 2,094 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers.......................................................... 27.26 29.57 1,125 1,289 41.3 58,504 67,032 2,146 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 16.43 11.25 657 450 40.0 34,171 23,400 2,080 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 11.36 9.63 454 385 40.0 23,633 20,035 2,080 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 11.93 10.35 476 410 39.9 24,683 21,010 2,070 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 12.28 10.40 491 416 40.0 25,532 21,632 2,080 Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 12.42 11.75 497 470 40.0 25,832 24,440 2,080 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 12.91 11.25 516 450 40.0 26,852 23,400 2,080 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 10.73 10.00 427 384 39.8 21,989 19,988 2,050 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 10.94 9.25 434 347 39.7 22,219 18,038 2,031 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately Table 13. Full-time(1) State and local government workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(2) Mean Mean Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual hours hours All workers........................................................... $23.05 $20.31 $883 $801 38.3 $41,387 $39,014 1,795 Management occupations.............................................. 50.82 37.88 2,087 1,515 41.1 105,408 70,042 2,074 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 22.45 21.55 898 862 40.0 46,703 44,824 2,080 Community and social services occupations........................... 23.64 22.50 894 886 37.8 44,986 45,074 1,903 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 29.57 29.91 1,064 1,074 36.0 43,035 42,796 1,455 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 31.88 30.71 1,141 1,096 35.8 45,763 43,930 1,435 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 31.42 30.13 1,131 1,092 36.0 45,294 43,394 1,442 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 30.56 29.41 1,109 1,074 36.3 44,460 42,676 1,455 Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 33.61 32.50 1,187 1,143 35.3 47,361 46,011 1,409 Secondary school teachers....................................... 31.84 30.11 1,136 1,075 35.7 45,306 43,077 1,423 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 31.36 29.52 1,121 1,056 35.7 44,977 42,512 1,434 Teacher assistants................................................ 12.37 12.05 431 432 34.9 16,278 16,174 1,316 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 26.01 17.63 1,009 714 38.8 47,923 35,679 1,843 Protective service occupations...................................... 19.35 18.88 817 758 42.2 41,557 39,260 2,148 Police officers................................................... 19.81 18.94 798 758 40.3 41,487 39,404 2,095 Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 19.81 18.94 798 758 40.3 41,487 39,404 2,095 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 10.72 10.37 423 412 39.5 20,672 20,072 1,929 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 16.36 16.02 633 626 38.7 32,511 32,025 1,988 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 15.69 16.09 614 626 39.1 31,763 31,500 2,024 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 16.60 14.98 664 599 40.0 34,537 31,158 2,080 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 13.98 13.71 431 409 30.8 17,512 14,169 1,252 Bus drivers....................................................... 14.19 13.93 395 338 27.8 15,004 12,396 1,057 Bus drivers, school............................................. 14.19 13.93 395 338 27.8 15,004 12,396 1,057 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately Table 14. Size of establishment: Mean hourly earnings(1) of private industry establishments for major occupational groups, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 1-99 100-499 500 Occupational group(2) Total workers workers workers or more All workers.................................. $15.16 $13.38 $14.73 $21.38 Management, professional, and related...... 24.99 21.82 24.61 29.02 Management, business, and financial...... 30.51 28.72 25.53 35.80 Professional and related................. 21.84 19.45 23.84 24.08 Service.................................... 8.88 8.66 9.49 10.01 Sales and office........................... 12.91 13.31 12.12 12.57 Sales and related........................ 12.57 13.37 11.33 8.99 Office and administrative support........ 13.20 13.26 12.97 13.27 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance............................... 16.11 15.22 17.76 – Construction and extraction............. 15.99 15.32 – – Installation, maintenance, and repair.... 16.34 14.93 17.69 – Production, transportation, and material moving.................................... 13.46 11.82 10.96 20.62 Production............................... 16.81 12.53 13.30 – Transportation and material moving....... 10.88 11.49 9.53 11.68 B 1-99 100-499 500 Total workers workers workers or more Occupational group(2) Relative error(3) (percent) Relative error(3) (percent) All workers........................................................... 3.3 4.6 9.1 7.5 Management, professional, and related............................... 7.2 10.1 7.2 12.3 Management, business, and financial............................... 10.2 10.4 5.5 17.5 Professional and related.......................................... 6.5 11.5 11.3 6.3 Service............................................................. 5.5 7.4 5.6 10.7 Sales and office.................................................... 5.1 8.1 3.2 3.0 Sales and related................................................. 10.2 14.0 6.0 5.0 Office and administrative support................................. 1.8 3.5 5.2 3.5 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 6.6 7.9 11.6 – Construction and extraction...................................... 9.9 11.3 – – Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 4.1 5.4 17.7 – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 9.4 6.6 13.7 12.6 Production........................................................ 14.1 10.7 8.0 – Transportation and material moving................................ 10.2 9.7 13.6 1.3 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Table 15. Establishments with fewer than 100 workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time(1) private industry workers, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(2) Mean Mean Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual hours hours All workers........................................................... $15.06 $13.40 $597 $527 39.6 $29,437 $26,000 1,955 Management occupations.............................................. 28.02 22.44 1,240 898 44.3 64,470 46,671 2,301 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 29.78 27.57 1,273 1,160 42.8 66,209 60,299 2,223 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 24.60 17.50 953 684 38.8 49,573 35,568 2,015 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 9.34 11.50 385 527 41.3 20,030 27,389 2,145 Sales and related occupations....................................... 15.09 11.50 619 426 41.0 29,207 22,173 1,935 First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 16.32 17.31 720 654 44.1 37,453 34,000 2,295 Retail sales workers.............................................. 9.89 9.52 398 357 40.3 17,495 16,848 1,769 Retail salespersons............................................. 11.41 10.66 465 426 40.8 15,717 18,564 1,377 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.30 13.11 531 525 40.0 26,196 26,000 1,970 Financial clerks.................................................. 14.90 14.61 596 584 40.0 30,993 30,387 2,080 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 15.47 14.01 618 560 40.0 32,110 29,137 2,075 Construction laborers............................................. 10.98 10.71 439 428 40.0 22,829 22,273 2,080 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 14.80 14.00 593 560 40.1 30,861 29,120 2,085 Production occupations.............................................. 12.54 10.50 511 420 40.7 26,557 21,840 2,118 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 12.07 10.00 482 400 39.9 25,010 20,800 2,072 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 12.06 10.00 482 400 40.0 25,075 20,800 2,080 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately Table 16. Establishments with 100 workers or more: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time(1) private industry workers, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(2) Mean Mean Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual hours hours All workers........................................................... $19.27 $16.90 $764 $673 39.7 $39,476 $35,006 2,049 Management occupations.............................................. 37.17 37.43 1,469 1,406 39.5 76,384 73,112 2,055 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 24.35 24.04 973 962 39.9 50,580 49,999 2,077 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 20.75 22.53 830 901 40.0 43,160 46,854 2,080 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 26.48 25.75 1,059 1,030 40.0 55,077 53,560 2,080 Engineers......................................................... 30.49 31.25 1,220 1,250 40.0 63,420 65,000 2,080 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 31.94 29.36 1,243 1,174 38.9 54,379 47,840 1,702 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 19.77 17.80 792 749 40.1 41,200 38,942 2,084 Registered nurses................................................. 24.85 25.41 980 1,016 39.4 50,936 52,853 2,050 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 10.42 10.39 405 407 38.9 21,049 21,158 2,021 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.35 10.23 400 400 38.6 20,792 20,821 2,010 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 10.35 10.23 400 400 38.6 20,792 20,821 2,010 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 8.39 8.50 309 330 36.8 15,058 12,246 1,794 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 11.70 10.56 452 396 38.6 23,484 20,592 2,007 Building cleaning workers......................................... 11.50 10.56 442 396 38.4 22,974 20,592 1,998 Sales and related occupations....................................... 11.90 10.45 465 414 39.1 23,961 21,526 2,014 Retail sales workers.............................................. 11.30 10.35 437 412 38.7 22,496 21,320 1,991 Retail salespersons............................................. 11.39 10.35 440 410 38.6 22,863 21,320 2,007 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.47 12.73 536 506 39.8 27,781 26,333 2,063 Financial clerks.................................................. 13.76 13.02 550 521 40.0 28,611 27,082 2,080 Customer service representatives.................................. 13.17 12.29 527 492 40.0 27,081 25,418 2,056 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 13.28 12.71 511 477 38.5 26,597 24,814 2,003 Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 13.08 12.71 502 477 38.4 26,099 24,785 1,995 Office clerks, general............................................ 13.43 13.36 537 535 40.0 27,938 27,797 2,080 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 18.65 18.41 746 737 40.0 38,798 38,301 2,080 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 17.08 17.89 683 716 40.0 35,536 37,211 2,080 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 17.08 17.89 683 716 40.0 35,536 37,211 2,080 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 19.44 18.29 777 732 40.0 40,426 38,043 2,080 Production occupations.............................................. 19.71 18.78 789 751 40.0 41,006 39,062 2,080 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 11.58 10.79 464 432 40.1 23,926 22,443 2,066 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 12.89 11.25 515 450 40.0 26,801 23,400 2,080 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 10.78 10.00 432 400 40.1 22,200 20,800 2,059 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 11.21 8.22 451 329 40.2 22,827 17,096 2,036 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately Table 17. Union(1) and nonunion workers: Mean hourly earnings(2) for major occupational groups, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Union Nonunion Occupational group(3) Private State and Private State and Civilian industry local Civilian industry local workers workers government workers workers government workers workers All workers........................................................... $17.03 $17.03 – $16.20 $15.02 $22.32 Management, professional, and related............................... – – – 26.09 24.99 28.67 Management, business, and financial............................... – – – 31.55 30.51 37.82 Professional and related.......................................... – – – 23.77 21.84 27.15 Service............................................................. – – – 10.06 8.70 16.59 Sales and office.................................................... 23.90 23.90 – 13.12 12.83 15.86 Sales and related................................................. – – – 12.63 12.57 – Office and administrative support................................. 23.90 23.90 – 13.48 13.06 15.84 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 19.53 19.53 – 15.56 15.41 16.32 Construction and extraction...................................... 19.64 19.64 – 15.56 15.35 16.60 Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. – – – 15.55 15.52 – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 16.94 16.94 – 12.80 12.76 13.98 Production........................................................ 17.84 17.84 – 16.47 16.47 – Transportation and material moving................................ 15.33 15.33 – 10.55 10.36 13.98 Union Nonunion Private State and Private State and Civilian industry local Civilian industry local workers workers government workers workers government workers workers Relative error(4) (percent) Relative error(4) (percent) All workers........................................................... 7.6 7.6 – 2.9 3.4 3.8 Management, professional, and related............................... – – – 5.1 7.2 4.7 Management, business, and financial............................... – – – 9.2 10.2 22.7 Professional and related.......................................... – – – 4.4 6.5 3.4 Service............................................................. – – – 6.3 6.1 10.5 Sales and office.................................................... 9.7 9.7 – 4.6 5.1 6.1 Sales and related................................................. – – – 10.0 10.2 – Office and administrative support................................. 9.7 9.7 – 2.0 2.0 6.2 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 5.8 5.8 – 5.9 6.8 7.1 Construction and extraction...................................... 6.3 6.3 – 8.7 10.0 9.0 Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. – – – 5.2 6.0 – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 8.0 8.0 – 11.4 11.7 3.3 Production........................................................ 8.0 8.0 – 21.8 21.8 – Transportation and material moving................................ 14.9 14.9 – 7.4 7.8 3.3 1 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Table 18. Time and incentive workers(1): Mean hourly earnings(2) for major occupational groups, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Time Incentive Occupational group(3) Civilian Private Civilian Private workers industry workers industry workers workers All workers........................................................... $16.08 $14.91 $21.07 $21.07 Management, professional, and related............................... 25.99 24.82 – – Management, business, and financial............................... 31.60 30.48 – – Professional and related.......................................... 23.77 21.84 – – Service............................................................. 10.12 8.84 – – Sales and office.................................................... 12.51 12.12 19.73 19.73 Sales and related................................................. 10.84 10.73 22.75 22.75 Office and administrative support................................. 13.60 13.19 – – Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 16.05 16.01 – – Construction and extraction...................................... – 15.99 – – Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 15.99 16.03 – – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 13.44 13.43 – – Production........................................................ 16.81 16.81 – – Transportation and material moving................................ 10.96 10.81 – – Time Incentive Civilian Private Civilian Private workers industry workers industry workers workers Relative error(4) (percent) Relative error(4) (percent) All workers........................................................... 3.0 3.5 9.4 9.4 Management, professional, and related............................... 5.2 7.5 – – Management, business, and financial............................... 9.8 11.1 – – Professional and related.......................................... 4.4 6.5 – – Service............................................................. 5.9 5.6 – – Sales and office.................................................... 2.7 2.9 18.5 18.5 Sales and related................................................. 5.4 5.5 26.8 26.8 Office and administrative support................................. 2.0 1.9 – – Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 5.7 6.5 – – Construction and extraction...................................... – 9.9 – – Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 3.8 4.1 – – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 9.2 9.5 – – Production........................................................ 14.1 14.1 – – Transportation and material moving................................ 10.0 10.5 – – 1 Wages of time workers are based solely on hourly rate or salary. Incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Table 19. Industry sector(1): Mean hourly earnings(2) for private industry workers by major occupational group, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Goods producing Service providing Occupational group(3) Trade, Profes- Education Leisure Construc- Manufac- transpor- Infor- Financial sional and and Other tion turing tation, mation activiti- and health hospital- services and es business services ity utilities services All workers........................................................... $16.04 $21.40 $12.14 - - - $17.81 - - Management, professional, and related............................... 31.84 39.48 22.33 - - - 23.16 - - Management, business, and financial............................... 31.84 – – - - - 25.82 - - Professional and related.......................................... – 29.02 – - - - 22.59 - - Service............................................................. – – 8.47 - - - 10.38 - - Sales and office.................................................... 12.94 14.24 11.72 - - - 12.78 - - Sales and related................................................. – – 11.04 - - - – - - Office and administrative support................................. 12.94 14.24 13.25 - - - 12.75 - - Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 15.04 19.26 16.02 - - - – - - Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. – 19.40 15.91 - - - – - - Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 14.11 17.65 11.26 - - - – - - Production........................................................ – 18.81 13.09 - - - – - - Transportation and material moving................................ 14.03 12.50 10.48 - - - – - - B Goods producing Service providing Trade, Profes- Education Leisure Construc- Manufac- transpor- Infor- Financial sional and and Other Occupational group(3) tion turing tation, mation activiti- and health hospital- services and es business services ity utilities services Relative error(4) (percent) Relative error(4) (percent) All workers........................................................... 12.3 4.5 6.0 - - - 5.4 - - Management, professional, and related............................... 14.0 8.4 20.2 - - - 4.8 - - Management, business, and financial............................... 14.0 – – - - - 1.9 - - Professional and related.......................................... – 4.5 – - - - 6.8 - - Service............................................................. – – 4.5 - - - 11.8 - - Sales and office.................................................... .7 3.2 5.6 - - - .7 - - Sales and related................................................. – – 3.7 - - - – - - Office and administrative support................................. .7 3.2 5.3 - - - .7 - - Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 9.3 4.3 2.0 - - - – - - Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. – 5.9 2.7 - - - – - - Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 5.1 17.2 6.4 - - - – - - Production........................................................ – 20.7 10.4 - - - – - - Transportation and material moving................................ 5.4 2.4 9.6 - - - – - - 1 Industry sectors are determined by the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Appendix table 1. Number of workers(1) represented by the survey, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Private State and Occupational group(2) Civilian industry local workers workers government workers All workers........................................................... 705,700 597,000 108,600 Management, professional, and related............................... 170,300 112,600 57,600 Management, business, and financial............................... 43,500 37,200 6,400 Professional and related.......................................... 126,700 75,500 51,300 Service............................................................. 166,100 144,100 22,000 Sales and office.................................................... 188,000 172,800 15,200 Sales and related................................................. 84,100 83,100 – Office and administrative support................................. 103,800 89,600 14,200 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 69,200 59,900 9,300 Construction and extraction...................................... 45,400 39,000 6,400 Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 23,800 21,000 – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 112,100 107,600 4,500 Production........................................................ 43,300 43,300 – Transportation and material moving................................ 68,800 64,300 4,500 1 The number of workers represented by the survey are rounded to the nearest 100. Estimates of the number of workers provide a description of size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. Estimates are not intended, however, for comparison to other statistical series to measure employment trends or levels. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Appendix table 2. Survey establishment response, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 Private State and Establishments Total industry local government Total in sampling frame(1)............................................ 33,969 33,228 741 Total in sample....................................................... 304 277 27 Responding........................................................ 190 163 27 Refused or unable to provide data................................. 81 81 0 Out of business or not in survey scope............................ 33 33 0 1 The list of establishments from which the survey sample was selected (sampling frame) was developed from State unemployment insurance reports and is based on the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). For private industries, an establishment is usually a single physical location. For State and local governments, an establishment is defined as all locations of a government entity. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria.