NASA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration

  1. Question

    Where is life concentrated in the ocean? What are its limits? Is life everywhere in the ocean?

    The oceans are full of life. The greatest concentration is near the surface, where light can penetrate and provide the energy for photosynthesis (the photaic zone). These surface zones are the primary production area for photosynthesis on our planet. An alternative and very much smaller source of energy is found on the deep ocean floor in volcanically active regions (mostly near hot springs or hydrothermal vents). In other parts of the ocean floor, as well as in the vast volumes of water between the floor and the surface photaic zone, most life is scavenging -- living off organic debris that filter down from the photosynthetic areas at the surface.

    David Morrison
    NAI Senior Scientist

    May 24, 2004

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