N |
|
NAAIDC |
See National Advisory Allergy and Infectious Diseases Council. |
NAAIDC subcommittee |
Three subcommittees of the NAAIDC that conduct second-level review and advise the NIAID extramural program divisions -- Division of AIDS, Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, and Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation -- to which they correspond.
Go to advisory Council. |
National Advisory Allergy and Infectious Diseases Council |
NIAID's main advisory Council, which provides second-level review and advice in setting policy and program directions. See dual review, and go to Council. |
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases |
NIH institute that conducts and supports research to understand, treat, and prevent infectious, immunologic, and allergic diseases. Go to NIAID. |
National Institutes of Health |
Federal government agency that conducts and supports biomedical and behavioral research to create fundamental knowledge of living systems and reduce the burden of illness and disability. Go to NIH and NIAID's NIH Organization and Process questions and answers. |
National
Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity |
Body that advises federal agencies on ways to minimize the possibility
that biological research knowledge and technologies
will be used to threaten public
health or national security. Go to National
Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity. |
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander |
Human subjects term indicating a person having origins in the original peoples
of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, or other Pacific Islands. |
National
Research Service Award |
Programs for
training
grants and fellowships.
Go to NIAID's Training
and Career Awards and Advice
on Research Training, Career Awards, and Research Supplements. Go to NIH
NRSA. |
NATO
Commercial and Government Entity code |
Five-character code that identifies foreign
organizations conducting business with the U.S. federal government. Foreign
organizations must obtain an NCAGE before registering in the Central
Contractor Registration database. Go to Commercial
and Government Entity. |
NCAGE
code |
See NATO
Commercial and Government Entity code. |
NCCAM |
National Center for Complimentary and Alternative Medicine. Go to NCCAM. |
NCI |
National Cancer Institute. Go to NCI. |
NCMHD |
National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities. Go to NCMHD. |
NCRR |
National Center for Research Resources. Go to NCRR. |
NDA |
See New
Drug Application. |
Negotiation |
Contracting method using proposals and discussions.
A contract awarded without
using sealed bidding procedures is a negotiated contract.
Go to FAR
15.101 and NIAID's R&D
Contracts and Negotiation, Source Selection, and Award SOPs. |
NEI |
National Eye Institute. Go to NEI. |
New application |
NIH grant application that has not received prior funding; also called a type 1. See renewal and noncompeting. |
New
drug application |
Application by a drug sponsor to FDA to
approve a new pharmaceutical for sale and marketing in the U.S. under
regulations 21 CFR 314, based on data from animal studies
and clinical
trials. See investigational new drug application. |
New
investigator |
Scientist who has
never been a PI on
many types of NIH grants,
including an R01. See the list of grant types along with exceptions at Are You "New"?
Go to NIAID's New Investigator Guide to NIH Funding and NIH's New Investigators Program. |
NGA |
See Notice of Award. |
NHGRI |
National Human Genome Research Institute. Go to NHGRI. |
NHLBI |
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Go to NHLBI. |
NIA |
National Institute on Aging. Go to NIA. |
NIAAA |
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Go to NIAAA. |
NIAID |
See National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. |
NIAID Advanced Technology Small Business Innovation Research |
SBIR award NIAID uses to fund projects that have progressed significantly along the pathway to FDA approval (or foreign equivalent). Go to NIAID's Small Business Grants and NIH's Small Business Funding Opportunities. |
NIAID Advanced Technology Small Business Technology Transfer |
STTR award NIAID uses to fund projects that have progressed significantly along the pathway to FDA approval (or foreign equivalent). Go to NIAID's Small Business Grants and NIH's Small Business Funding Opportunities. |
NIAID category A, B, and C priority pathogen |
Pathogen on the list of NIAID Category A, B, and C Priority Pathogens, an expansion of the legislated select agent and overlap select agent lists 42 CFR 73, 73.4 and 73.5. NIAID uses its list to fund high-priority biodefense applications. Go to Select Agent Awards SOP. |
NIAID Divisions |
Six major components into which NIAID is divided: Division of AIDS, Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation; Division of Clinical Research; Division of Intramural Research; Division of Extramural Activities; and Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. |
NIAID Office of the Director |
NIAID organization whose offices report directly to the NIAID director. Go to OD. |
NIAMS |
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. Go to NIAMS. |
NIBIB |
National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering. Go to NIBIB. |
NICHD |
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Go to NICHD. |
NIDA |
National Institute on Drug Abuse. Go to NIDA. |
NIDCD |
National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. Go to NIDCD. |
NIDCR |
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. Go to NIDCR. |
NIDDK |
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Go to NIDDK. |
NIEHS |
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Go to NIEHS. |
NIGMS |
National Institute of General Medical Sciences. Go to NIGMS. |
NIH |
See National Institutes of Health. |
NIH Board of Governors |
See Board of Governors, NIH. |
NIH Commons |
See eRA Commons. |
NIH Commons signing official |
See signing official. |
NIH cost management
plan |
Sets general policies
for NIH that lay out the parameters of the NIAID financial
management plan. Go to Financial Management Plan SOP. |
NIH grants policy statement |
Document containing NIH policy requirements for grants. Go to NIH Grants Policy Statement. |
NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts |
Weekly NIH publication of policy notices and funding
opportunities -- program announcements, requests for applications, and some requests for proposals. Go to the Guide, and Funding Opportunities and Announcements and Top Policy Changes, and NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts SOP. |
NIH Guide notice |
Announcement published in the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts informing the extramural research community of policy changes. Go to the Guide and NIAID's NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts SOP. |
NIH-defined phase III clinical trial |
See NIH-defined phase III clinical trial, a subsection of the clinical trial definition. |
NIMH |
National Institute of Mental Health. Go to NIMH. |
NINDS |
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Go to NINDS. |
NINR |
National Institute for Nursing Research. Go to NINR. |
NLM |
National Library of Medicine. Go to NLM. |
NoA |
See Notice of Award. |
No-cost extension for contracts |
Extension of a contract's period of performance, requiring a bilateral contract modification. Go to NIAID's R&D Contracts. |
No-cost extension for grants |
Extension of a grant's project period without additional funds. For grants issued under expanded authorities, a principal investigator does not need approval from NIAID to extend a project period one time for up to twelve months. Go to NIAID's No-Cost Extension SOP. |
Noncompeting |
Ongoing grant whose award is contingent on a grantee's submitting a PHS 2590 progress report to NIAID as the condition of getting further support. See also application type and streamlined noncompeting award process. Go to NIAID's Send Us an Annual Progress Report in the NIH Grant Cycle: Application to Renewal. |
Nonexpenditure transfer |
Movement of budget authority from one NIH account to another in a way that does not involve an outlay of government funds. |
Normal volunteer |
Volunteer human subject who either does not have the condition being researched or is being studied for normal physiology or behavior. |
Not recommended for further consideration |
Judgment by a scientific review group that a grant application lacks significant and substantial scientific merit or involves serious hazards or unethical procedures. Such applications do not warrant a review and are not eligible for funding. See also unscored and recommended.
Go to the following NIAID pages:
|
Notice of Award |
Legally binding document that notifies a grantee and others that a grant has been funded. It contains or references all terms and conditions of award and documents the obligation of federal funds.
Go to NIAID's Read Your Notice of Award, Know Your Terms in the NIH Grant Cycle: Application to Renewal and NIH Grants Policy Statement. |
Notice of Grant Award |
See Notice of Award. |
NRFC |
See not recommended for further consideration. |
NRSA |
See National
Research Service Award. |
NSABB |
See National
Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity |
NSS |
No in-house study section. |
Nuremberg Code |
Code of research ethics developed during the trials of Nazi war criminals following World War II and widely adopted as a standard during the 1950s and 1960s for protecting human subjects. Also see Belmont Report. |
O |
|
Obligation |
Binding financial commitment in a congressional budget appropriation. Obligations
include contracts, staff employment, and purchases of goods and services.
Go to NIAID's R&D
Contracts. |
Obtain |
Human
subjects term meaning to receive or access individually
identifiable human
data or specimens including those already in investigator's
possession. |
OER |
See Office of Extramural
Research. |
Offer |
Response to a contract solicitation that would bind an offeror to fulfill a contract. Go to NIAID's R&D Contracts. |
Offeror |
Contracting term denoting an organization responding to a request for proposals. Go to NIAID's R&D Contracts. |
Office of Acquisitions |
NIAID organization
in the Division
of Extramural Activities that oversees contracts. Go to NIAID's R&D
Contracts. |
Office
of Extramural Research |
NIH office
that oversees policies and guidelines for extramural
research grants.
Go to OER. |
Office of Financial Management |
NIH budget office. Go to OFM. |
Office for Human Research Protections |
HHS office that oversees human subjects protection for HHS-supported research. Go to OHRP. |
Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare |
NIH office that oversees compliance with the PHS Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Go to OLAW, the PHS Policy Tutorial, and NIAID's Research Animals. |
Office of Management and Budget |
Executive Branch office that assists the U.S. president in preparing the federal budget, evaluating agency programs and policies, and setting funding priorities. In setting policy, OMB issues government-wide policy directives, called circulars, that apply to grants.
Go to OMB's Grants Management Circulars. |
Office of Management and Budget Information Quality Bulletin for Peer Review |
See OMB Information Quality Bulletin for Peer Review. |
Office of Research Integrity |
HHS office that promotes integrity in biomedical and behavioral research supported by the Public Health Service by monitoring institutional investigations of research misconduct and facilitating the responsible conduct of research. Go to ORI and NIAID's Research Misconduct Cases SOP. |
Office of Technology Development |
NIAID office that manages NIAID's portfolio of patents and inventions and facilitates collaborations between NIAID intramural researchers and external organizations through CRADAs and other agreements.
See technology transfer, and go to NIAID's OTD. |
Office of Technology Transfer |
NIH office that manages the NIH invention portfolio and oversees NIH technology transfer. See technology transfer, and go to OTT. |
OFM |
See Office of Financial Management. |
OHRP |
See Office for Human Research Protections. |
OHRP Federalwide Assurance |
See Federalwide Assurance. |
OLAW |
See Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare. |
Oligopotent stem cell |
Stem cell that can differentiate into a few types of endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm cells. Compare with totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, and unipotent stem cells. |
OMB |
See Office
of Management and Budget. |
OMB circulars |
Administrative standards published by the Office of Management and Budget. Go to grants-related information on OMB. |
OMB Information Quality
Bulletin for Peer Review |
Requirement that agencies conduct peer review
of certain publications before publishing influential
scientific information that may affect important public policies or private sector decisions.
Go to the OMB
Bulletin and Final Information Quality Bulletin for Peer Review in the Federal Register. |
Open
date |
Earliest date an application may be submitted to Grants.gov.
This is different from the posted
date and release
date. Even though
a funding
opportunity announcement is posted, it may not be open for applications. |
Option |
Contract clause giving an agency a right to extend a contract term or obtain more products or services at prices in the contract. Go to NIAID's R&D Contracts. |
Organizational conflict of interest for contracts |
Activity or relationship that could interfere with a contractor's ability to assist or advise an agency. Go to NIAID's R&D Contracts. |
ORI |
See Office of Research Integrity. |
OSPRT |
NIAID Office of Special Populations and Research Training, DEA. Go to OSPRT and OSPRT Contacts. |
OTD |
See Office of Technology Development, NIAID.
|
Other Project Information, Research and Related |
See Research and Related Other Project Information.
|
Other research |
Budget category that includes K series career awards, R13 conference grants, R18 research demonstration and dissemination projects, R24 resource-related research projects, and U24 cooperative agreement awards. For descriptions of these activity codes, go to NIAID's Extramural Activity Codes. |
Other significant contributor |
Participants in a grant or application who
contribute substantively to the project with an indefinite level of effort. Applications should include biosketches but not other support information. See Key personnel. |
Other support |
All financial resources -- federal, non-federal,
commercial, or institutional -- that support a principal
investigator's research,
including research grants, cooperative
agreements, and contracts,
but not including training awards,
prizes, and gifts.
Applicants must submit other support information for all key personnel to NIH just-in-time following the sample in the Grant Application Guide.
Applicants should not submit current
and pending support with the application using the attachment
on the Research and Related Senior/Key Person Profile form.
Go to NIAID's Prepare Your Other Support Submission in the NIH Grant Cycle: Application to Renewal, Just-in-Time SOP, and Just-in-Time questions and answers. |
OTT |
See Office of Technology Transfer, NIH.
|
Out years |
See grant out years. |
Outlay |
Amount of money the government spends for a federally funded program in a year. Outlays are used as a measurement of government spending. Go to NIAID's tutorial pages starting with Planning and Budget Cycle: NIAID Budget and Planning and Paylines and Budget. |
Outreach strategies |
Human subjects term indicating efforts to recruit and retain populations of interest (racial and ethnic categories and subpopulations, and women) into research studies. Go to NIAID's Human Subjects, Clinical Research. |
Overlap of support |
Other support that duplicates research or budgetary items already funded by an NIH grant. Overlap also occurs when any project-supported personnel has time commitments exceeding 12 person months.
Also see scientific overlap, budgetary overlap, and commitment overlap. Go to Prepare Your Other Support Submission in the NIH Grant Cycle: Application to Renewal. |
Overlap, budgetary |
See budgetary overlap. |
Overlap, commitment |
See commitment overlap. |
Overlap, scientific |
See scientific overlap. |
Overlap select agent |
Biological agents
and toxins listed in 42
CFR 73 section 73.4, which have the potential to pose a severe threat
to public health and safety, to animal health, or to animal products.
Overlap
select agent and toxins are subject to regulation by both CDC and USDA. Investigators who possess or use select agents must register with and get approval from either the CDC Select Agent Program or USDA APHIS Agricultural Select Agent Program, depending on the agent.
Go to Select Agent and Toxin List and NIAID Category A, B & C Priority Pathogens. Go to NIAID's Biodefense Research and Development page and Select Agent Awards SOP. |
P |
|
PA |
See program announcement. |
PACA |
Formerly used term. See program officer checklist. |
PAR |
See program
announcement identifying location of peer review. |
Parent FOA |
See parent program announcement. |
Parent
program announcement |
NIH-wide funding opportunity announcement that enables applicants to submit an electronic investigator-initiated grant application for a single grant mechanism, e.g., Research Project Grant (Parent R01).
For any parent PA, some institutes may not participate or may not accept applications in all topics. Institutes may also issue institute-specific initiatives to solicit applications for scientific or administrative purposes.
Get a list at Parent Announcements for Unsolicited or Investigator-Initiated Applications. Also go to NIAID's How Funding Opportunities Work tutorial page and Funding Opportunity Announcements questions and answers. |
PART |
See Program
Assessment Rating Tool. |
Partnering |
Relationship between businesses, based on trust and commitment, to enhance both parties' capabilities. |
PAS |
See program announcement with set-aside funds. |
Patent |
Document issued by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office containing a description, specification, and claims that describe the subject matter in detail and giving its owner a right to exclude others from making, using, or selling it.
Only the inventor can obtain a patent; however, employers often require employees to hand over patent rights. |
Patent license agreement |
Commercial use license for patented and patent-pending technologies; PLA are either nonexclusive or exclusive and define royalties to be paid. Go to NIH Office of Technology Transfer and NIAID's Copyright and Publication for Grantees questions and answers. |
Pathway to Independence Award |
Award for new investigators. See K99/R00. |
Patient-oriented research |
Research into
disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, clinical
trials, or the development of new technologies. Also see clinical
research. |
Patriot
Act |
See USA
Patriot Act. |
Payback |
Time and effort T32 trainees and fellows must repay the government. During the first year, trainees owe one month of payback for every month of support; then they start paying back one month for every month worked. |
Payline |
Conservative funding cutoff point for grant
applications set at the beginning
of a fiscal
year. Institutes determine paylines by balancing projected grant numbers, grant budgets, and monies in the budget.
NIAID funds
most applications
in percentile (for R01s only) or priority score order (for other grants) and funds additional applications at the end
of a fiscal year. See also selective
pay.
Go to NIAID's Paylines and Budget and How NIAID Determines Which Applications to Fund and Paylines Are a Conservative Funding Cut Point tutorial pages. |
PCC |
See program class code. |
Peer review |
System for evaluating research grant applications and contract proposals using non-NIH reviewers who are professional peers of an investigator or offeror. NIH's peer review system comprises both initial peer review and second-level review.
See also dual
peer review, scientific
review group, study
section, integrated
review group, special
emphasis panel, scientific
review officer, human
subjects codes, and animals
in research codes. Go to Initial Peer Review Assesses Scientific Merit, Peer
Review SOPs, and Peer Review of Applications questions
and answers. |
Peer review criteria |
See initial peer review criteria. |
Peer reviewer |
Scientist who reviews grant applications or contract proposals for NIH. This includes the scientific review group chair, who leads the discussions.
See also primary peer reviewer, secondary peer reviewer, initial peer review, and scientific review officer. Go to Who Peer Reviews Your Application? and Peer Review Meetings -- CSR questions and answers. |
Peer
review outcome letter |
See priority
score mailer. current and pending support. |
Percentile |
Ranking used by NIH institutes to
set R01 paylines and
make funding decisions. A percentile shows the relative position of each application's priority
score among all scores assigned by a scientific
review group at its last three meetings. The range is .1 to 100.0;
lower numbers represent better scores.
Go to Percentiles Indicate Relative Rank, How Percentiles Are Determined, and Score Clustering Distorts Percentiles tutorial pages. |
Period of performance for a contract |
Time interval required to complete work defined in a statement of work. A period of performance can be revised only through an agreement between a contractor and a contracting officer, who must issue a formal modification to a contract. Go to NIAID's R&D Contracts. |
Permission |
Agreement of parent or guardian to the participation of their child or ward in research. Go to definition 45 CFR 46.402 and full 45
CFR 46. Go to NIAID's R&D Contracts. |
Person months |
Measurement of a person's effort in academic, summer, or calendar months a year. Use person months on NIH applications and other forms instead of percent effort; go to Person Months Calculation Example and NIH's Frequently Asked Questions Regarding the Usage of Person Months. |
Personal financial interest |
Interest of monetary value that could be affected by an employee's official action; has no minimum for value or control. Go to 45 CFR 73. |
Personally identifiable information |
Information about a person that could distinguish his or her identity. Examples include names, social security numbers, and dates of birth. |
Phase III clinical trial, NIH-defined |
See NIH-defined phase III clinical trial, a subsection of the clinical trial definition. |
Phasing coordinator |
DEA staff member who creates a phasing plan. |
Phasing plan |
NIAID plan outlining major milestones for developing and publishing initiatives and reviewing the resulting grant applications and contract proposals.
See NIAID's Phasing of Initiatives SOP. |
PHS |
See Public Health Service. |
PHS 2590 |
PHS noncompeting grant progress
report. A grantee submits
a PHS 2590 annually to NIH to report progress and continue funding. NIH
has a streamlined
noncompeting award process (SNAP); Notices of Award state whether a grant is SNAP.
See also eSNAP.
Go
to PHS
2590 Non-Competing Grant Progress Report and eSNAP
(Electronic Streamlined Noncompeting
Award Process) SOP. |
PHS 398 |
PHS grant application forms and instructions for submitting a paper competing research grant or cooperative agreement. Go to PHS 398 and NIAID's Grant Application, Paper SOP.
For electronic applications, name used for some agency-specific forms in the SF 424 Grant Application Package. |
PHS 416-1 |
PHS grant application forms and instructions for submitting a competing training
grant or fellowship, also known as National
Research Service Awards.
Go to PHS 416-1 for the form. For more information, go to NIAID's Training
and Career Awards, Advice
on Research Training, Career Awards, and Research Supplements and NIH's NRSA. |
PHS 398 Checklist form |
Form in the electronic SF 424 Grant Application Package that adds information NIH needs such as application type (e.g., new), change of investigator or institution, inventions and patents, program income, and assurances and certifications. |
PHS 398 Cover Letter File form |
Optional form in the electronic SF 424 Grant Application Package used to attach a cover letter. |
PHS 398 Cover Page Supplement form |
Form in the electronic SF 424 Grant Application Package that adds information NIH needs such as name of project director/principal investigator, identification of research involving human subjects or stem cells, and contact information. |
PHS 398 Modular Budget form |
Form in the electronic SF 424 Grant Application Package used for modular budgets. Also see Research and Related Budget.
Go to NIAID's Create
Your Budget and Modular Grants SOP. |
PHS 398 Research Plan form |
Form in the electronic SF 424 Grant Application Package used to create the research plan. Go to Part 5. Research Plan in the NIH Grant Cycle: Application to Renewal. |
PHS Alert System |
See Alert System, PHS. |
PI |
See principal investigator. |
PI applicant |
See applicant. |
PI signature assurance |
See principal investigator signature assurance. |
PL |
See Public law. |
PLA |
See patent license agreement. |
Pluripotent stem cell |
Stem cell that can differentiate into most types of endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm cell. Compare with totipotent, multipotent, oligopotent, and unipotent stem cells. |
Post-implantation embryo |
Implanted embryo in early stages of development before formation of identifiable tissues and organs. |
Posted
date |
Grants.gov term
for the date a funding
opportunity announcement is posted at Grants.gov and in the NIH
Guide. The posted date may be earlier than the open
date, so you may
begin working on the application. See the equivalent NIH Guide term release
date. |
Preapplication |
Statement in summary form of the intent of an applicant to request funds. NIAID uses it to assess an applicant's eligibility and ability to compete with other grant applications, as well as discourage those with little chance of success. |
Preaward costs |
Costs (e.g., salaries, animal purchases, other start-up costs) that investigators incur when they anticipate receiving a Notice of Award. Prior approval is required in some cases. Go to Prior Approvals for Post-Award Grant Actions SOP and Terms and Conditions of NIH Grant Awards in the NIH Grants Policy Statement.
Incurring preaward costs does not obligate NIAID to issue an award notice or increase the amount of the approved or committed budget.
|
Preclinical |
Research conducted in animals after the discovery of a compound
to analyze its biological effects, including pharmacokinetics, toxicology,
and mutagenesis. |
Pre-implantation embryo |
Fertilized egg at all developmental stages up to blastocyst. |
Preliminary Studies/Progress Report |
Section of an NIH grant application's Research Plan.
- Preliminary Studies -- for a new NIH grant application, section describing the principal investigator’s relevant preliminary studies to establish the competence of the investigator to accomplish goals of the project.
- Progress Report -- for a renewal NIH grant application, section summarizing the previous application’s specific aims, any changes to the specific aims as a result of budget reductions, and importance of results.
Read Preliminary
Studies/Progress Report in the NIH Grant Cycle: Application to Renewal. |
Preliminary cost analysis |
Analysis performed by a contracting
officer to determine whether an offeror's proposed
costs are fair and reasonable. Go to FAR
15.404 and NIAID's R&D
Contracts. |
President's budget |
Annual budget request submitted to Congress
by the U.S. president. NIAID submits
a budget request as part of the NIH budget
request, which is modified by the Office
of Management and Budget. Go to OMB and NIAID's Planning and Budget
Cycle: NIAID Budget and Planning tutorial page and Budgets and Planning questions and answers. |
Price analysis |
Evaluation of a proposed price by comparing it with other offered prices
or prices previously paid for similar goods or services. Go to NIAID's R&D
Contracts. |
Primary assignment |
Routing of an NIH grant
application by CSR to
an IC,
which decides whether to fund it. An IC may request to change this assignment
if the application is
more suited to another IC. Also see secondary
assignment and receipt,
referral, and assignment of applications.
Go to NIAID's Requesting an Institute, Applications Are Assigned to an Institute and Integrated Review Group, and Call If You Are Not Satisfied With a CSR Assignment in the NIH Grant Cycle: Application to Renewal. |
Primary peer reviewer |
Peer reviewer who reads a grant application thoroughly, writes a critique of it before an initial peer review meeting, and then presents it to the scientific review group for discussion. Also see secondary peer reviewer.
Go to NIAID's Part 4. Target Your Audience, Who Peer Reviews Your Application?, and Peer Review Meetings -- CSR questions and answers. |
Principal investigator |
Qualified person or persons designated
by an applicant
institution to
direct a research project
or program supported by NIH and
who usually writes the grant
application.
PIs oversee scientific and technical aspects of a grant and
the day-to-day management of the research.
They do not have to be employees of a grantee organization,
but these parties must have a written agreement specifying their
relationship. Grants.gov term is project
director/principal investigator. Also see multiple
PI. Go to NIAID's Part 1. Qualifying for a Grant tutorial page. |
Principal investigator signature assurance |
Document a PI signs
and files with a grantee institution for each grant application, progress report, or prior
approval request. It
certifies that the information is accurate and the PI accepts legal responsibility
for
a project's scientific conduct and progress reports.
Go to NIAID's Noncompeting Progress Reports and Program Officer Approval SOP. Also see SF 424 (Cover
Page)and You Will Send Some Materials Just-in-Time in the NIH Grant Cycle: Application to Renewal. |
Principal
investigator, new |
See new
investigator. |
Prior approval for contracts |
Written approval a contractor must obtain from a contracting officer to change a project or budget after an award is made. Go to NIAID's R&D Contracts. |
Prior approval for grants |
Written approval a principal
investigator must get from an NIH institute's grants
management officer to change an approved project or budget after
an award is
made. |
Priority score |
Average of individual ratings of scientific merit given by reviewers of an initial peer review scientific review group. Ratings range from 1.0 (outstanding) to 5.0 (acceptable).
Though scientific review groups use numbers 1.0 to 5.0, scores are listed on a summary statement as 100 to 500. See percentile, and go to Initial Peer Review Assesses Scientific Merit and subsequent tutorial pages. |
Priority
score mailer |
Formerly used term. NIH discontinued sending hard copies of
priority scores; investigators can now find them in the Commons. |
Privacy Act |
Law protecting citizens against needless collection, recordkeeping, or release of personal data and allowing them to see and correct the information. Go to Privacy Act and NIAID's Privacy, Conduct, Conflict of Interest, and Clinical Research Ethics questions and answers. |
Private information |
Information for which a person can expect that observations
or recording are not taking place, and the information will not be made
public. Information must be individually
identifiable to
constitute
human subjects research.
Go to definition 45 CFR
46.102(f) and full 45
CFR 46.
Also see coded
private information. Go to NIAID's Human
Subjects, Clinical Research and Private Information or Biological Specimens in Human Subjects Research questions and answers. |
Procurement |
Acquisition of property or services for the benefit or use of the government, generally through a contract. Go to NIAID's R&D Contracts. |
Progenitor cell |
Intermediate-stage cell derived from a stem cell; can differentiate into a mature cell but cannot self-renew. |
Program announcement |
NIH announcement
requesting grant
applications in stated scientific areas, unless a Parent PA.
Generally institutes do not set aside money to pay for the grants (unless a PAS), and applications are considered to be investigator-initiated. For some PAs, NIAID may
fund applications with scores beyond
the payline.
Institutes publish PAs in the NIH
Guide and in Grants.gov as funding
opportunity announcements.
Also see PAR and PAS.
Go to NIAID's Program Announcements SOP and Funding Opportunities and Announcements, NIAID Funding Opportunity Planning and the Budget Cycle, and How Funding Opportunities Work, and subsequent tutorial pages. |
Program
announcement identifying location of peer review
|
Program
announcement that identifies the location of initial
peer review, either in the Center
for Scientific Review or an institute,
and may include other information on receipt, referral, or review.
Abbreviation is PAR.
See Scientific
Review Program. Also go to NIAID's Funding Opportunities and Announcements, NIAID Funding Opportunity Planning and the Budget Cycle and How
Funding Opportunities Work tutorial pages, and RFAs
and NIAID's Peer Review Process questions and answers. |
Program announcement with set-aside funds |
Program announcement with set-aside funds to pay for the grants, abbreviated PAS. Go to NIAID's Funding Opportunities and Announcements, NIAID Funding Opportunity Planning and the Budget Cycle and How Funding Opportunities Work tutorial pages, and RFAs and NIAID's Peer Review Process questions and answers. |
Program Assessment Rating Tool |
Analytical tool developed by OMB to assess the strengths and weaknesses of government programs. Agencies use PART findings to prepare and justify budget requests. |
Program balance |
Need to balance an NIH institute's support of research in all its programmatic areas with high-quality grant applications eligible for funding. Also see payline and selective pay. |
Program class code |
IMPAC
II designator signifying a scientific program, category of research, and program
officer. NIAID uses
four bytes.
The first denotes division: Division
of AIDS -- A, Division
of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation -- I, Division
of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases -- M, or Division
of Extramural Activities -- X.
The next two characters denote a scientific
program, and the fourth character denotes programs with more than one program
officer.
Program class codes allow staff and NIAID's main advisory
Council members to see where grant
applications and awards reside
administratively. Go to Program
Officers Listed by Program Class Code spreadsheet and Program Assignment in NIAID SOP. |
Program officer approval of a competing application (PACA) |
Formerly used term. See Program Officer Checklist. |
Program officer or official |
NIAID staff member who oversees a scientific program and the progress of grants in his or her portfolio. Program officers work closely with grants management specialists to administer and resolve issues with NIAID grants. For contact information, go to Contact Staff for Help. Go to When to Contact an NIAID Program Officer and Program Officers SOP. |
Program officer checklist |
Checklist in IMPAC used to document a program
officer's evaluation of the scientific aspects of a research project, other support to identify possible overlap of support, and other factors that may affect a competing
application's funding level. Previously called program officer approval of a competing application (PACA). Also used to document evaluation of noncompeting progress reports. Go to NIAID's Program Officer Checklist SOP and Noncompeting Progress Reports and Program Officer Approval SOP. |
Program project grant |
Grant in the P series that supports a multidisciplinary, long-term research program with an objective or theme involving groups of investigators. Awarded on behalf of a principal investigator, the grant can support projects and shared resources.
For descriptions of activity codes, go to NIAID's Extramural Activity Codes. Go to NIAID's Instructions for Preparing a Multiproject Grant Application tutorial and NIAID Program Project (P01) Applications questions and answers. |
Programmatic reduction |
See average programmatic reduction. |
Progress report for contracts |
Required scheduled report summarizing research progress; may include technical, fiscal, and invention report information. Go to NIAID's Contract Deliverables and Reporting Requirements SOP and R&D Contracts. |
Progress report for grants |
See PHS 2590. For the Research Plan, see also Preliminary Studies/Progress Report. |
Project costs for grants |
Total allowable costs, both direct costs and facilities and administrative costs, incurred by a grantee to carry out a project. Costs can be charged to a grant and paid by a grantee to satisfy a matching or cost-sharing requirement.
See the Research and Related Budget components of the SF 424. Go to NIAID's Strategy
for Planning a Budget in the NIH Grant Cycle: Application to Renewal. |
Project director/principal investigator |
Grants.gov term for principal investigator. |
Project Narrative |
For an electronic application, field and attachment to the Research and Related Budget Other Project Information form that describes the public health relevance
of the proposed research in three sentences or less. Go to NIAID's Project
Summary/Abstract and Project Narrative in the NIH Grant Cycle: Application to Renewal. |
Project officer |
NIAID staff
member who coordinates the substantive aspects of a contract from
planning a request
for proposals to oversight after award.
Go to Project Officer SOP and
NIAID's R&D
Contracts. |
Project/Performance Site Locations form |
See Research and Related Project/Performance Site Locations form. |
Project period |
See grant project period. |
Project Summary/Abstract |
For an electronic application, field and attachment to the Research and Related Budget Other Project Information form of an electronic grant application that provides a complete description of what the proposed research intends to accomplish in 30 lines or less.
Abstracts are public and should not include confidential information. Go to Project
Summary/Abstract and Project Narrative in the NIH Grant Cycle: Application to Renewal. |
Prompt Payment Act |
Law that ensures companies transacting business
with the government are paid on time. The government must pay within 30
days from the date a contractor submits
an invoice or must pay interest. Go to FAR
32.9 and NIAID's R&D
Contracts. |
Proposal |
Written offer by
an individual or non-federal organization to enter into a contract,
usually in response to a request
for proposals. It consists of a technical and a business proposal,
including a description of the project and its costs, and the methods,
personnel, and facilities to carry it out. Go to NIAID's R&D
Contracts and Proposal
Submission SOP. |
Proposal, acceptable |
See acceptable proposal. |
Protest |
Interested party's written objection to an
agency's contract solicitation,
proposed award,
or award. Go to FAR
33.101 and NIAID's R&D
Contracts. |
Protocol |
Formal design for research involving human subjects or research animals an investigator submits to an IRB or IACUC for review. For human subjects research, NIAID staff also review protocols.
A protocol generally has an objective, rationale, design, eligibility requirements, treatment regimen, and a description of research and data analysis methods. Go to NIAID's Human Subjects, Clinical Research and Research Animals. |
Public Health Service |
Umbrella organization in the U.S. federal government for eight HHS health agencies, the Office of Public Health and Science, and the Commissioned Corps. Go to Office of Public Health and Science, HHS. |
Public law |
Public bill or joint resolution that has passed
both chambers of Congress and has been enacted into law. Go to Congress Provides Direction and Funding and subsequent tutorial pages. |
Publicly
available sources |
Public sources of data, such as census data.
The meaning with respect to human tissue specimens is widely debated. Generally,
specimens made broadly available to the research community but not to the
public are not considered to be publicly available.
Go to OER
Human Subjects Web Site: FAQs about Research Using Human Specimens,
Cell Lines
or Data and NIAID's Public Access of Publications SOP. |
PubMed |
Service of the NIH National Library of Medicine providing access to 12 million MEDLINE citations and journals as well as links to full text articles. Go to PubMed. |
PubMed Central |
Free database of the NIH National Library of Medicine housing biomedical and life sciences journal articles. NIH is asking investigators to post their manuscripts to PubMed Central.
Go to NIAID's Public Access of Publications SOP and Copyright and Publication for Grantees questions and answers. |
Q |
|