Bureau of Labor Statistics
Reading, PA National Compensation Survey (NCS) Bulletin
NC BL 09/00/2007 Table: Reading, PA, Bulletin 3140-11, January 2007
Table 1. Summary: Mean hourly earnings(1) and weekly hours for selected worker and establishment characteristics, Reading, PA, January 2007
Civilian Private industry State and local government
workers workers workers
Hourly earnings Hourly earnings Hourly earnings
Worker and establishment
characteristics Mean Mean Mean
weekly weekly weekly
Relative hours(- Relative hours(- Relative hours(-
Mean error(2) 3) Mean error(2) 3) Mean error(2) 3)
(percen- (percen- (percen-
t) t) t)
All workers........................................................... $18.05 3.2 35.4 $17.25 3.7 35.6 $24.93 1.3 33.5
Worker characteristics(4)(5)
Management, professional, and related............................... 30.44 3.8 36.3 29.75 4.8 36.8 32.64 2.4 34.7
Management, business, and financial............................... 33.98 6.7 39.6 34.16 7.2 40.5 31.90 16.5 31.4
Professional and related.......................................... 28.30 5.3 34.5 26.03 8.8 34.1 32.74 1.3 35.2
Service............................................................. 11.17 6.8 30.6 10.32 7.2 29.8 15.15 12.1 35.0
Sales and office.................................................... 14.54 3.7 33.8 14.45 3.9 34.2 16.74 2.5 26.7
Sales and related................................................. 13.98 12.4 31.5 13.98 12.4 31.5 – – –
Office and administrative support................................. 14.85 2.4 35.3 14.73 2.5 36.0 16.74 2.5 26.7
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 18.27 8.1 38.9 18.31 8.6 39.6 17.57 5.4 30.6
Construction and extraction...................................... 17.50 2.7 36.6 17.38 2.8 38.3 – – –
Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 19.10 12.3 40.3 19.26 12.8 40.4 – – –
Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 14.49 3.4 39.7 14.49 3.5 39.8 – – –
Production........................................................ 15.39 1.4 38.2 15.39 1.4 38.2 – – –
Transportation and material moving................................ 13.48 6.0 41.5 13.48 6.1 41.7 – – –
Full time........................................................... 19.29 3.2 39.8 18.46 3.7 40.2 25.93 1.7 37.1
Part time........................................................... 9.62 13.3 20.1 9.51 14.4 20.6 11.58 16.4 14.6
Union............................................................... 21.87 3.1 37.4 16.00 4.3 39.1 25.80 1.4 36.4
Nonunion............................................................ 17.39 3.9 35.1 17.34 4.0 35.4 20.04 5.6 23.1
Time................................................................ 17.78 3.1 34.8 16.87 3.7 35.0 24.93 1.3 34.0
Incentive........................................................... 21.10 16.5 43.1 21.10 16.6 44.2 – – –
Establishment characteristics
Goods producing..................................................... (6) (6) (6) 18.20 2.5 39.5 (6) (6) (6)
Service providing................................................... (6) (6) (6) - - - (6) (6) (6)
1-99 workers........................................................ 16.61 5.9 34.4 16.61 5.9 34.8 – – –
100-499 workers..................................................... 18.48 4.8 35.5 17.44 5.7 35.6 25.72 4.0 35.2
500 workers or more................................................. 20.70 3.7 37.7 18.98 4.3 38.7 24.63 1.2 35.7
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay.
Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and
dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
2 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"
around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
3 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime.
4 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Union workers are
those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. Wages of time workers are based solely on hourly rate or salary; incentive workers are those
whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses.
5 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
6 Classification of establishments into goods-producing and service-providing industries applies to private industry only. Industries are determined by the
2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings(1) for full-time and part-time workers(2) by work levels(3), Reading, PA, January 2007
Total Full-time workers Part-time workers
Occupation(4) and level
Relative Relative Relative
Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5)
(percent) (percent) (percent)
All workers........................................................... $18.05 3.2 $19.29 3.2 $9.62 13.3
Management occupations.............................................. 40.49 15.6 40.62 15.7 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 30.00 5.6 30.00 5.6 – –
Not able to be leveled.................................... 48.60 9.2 49.31 9.0 – –
Industrial production managers.................................... 37.72 48.8 37.72 48.8 – –
Education administrators.......................................... 40.24 17.4 40.24 17.4 – –
Business and financial operations occupations....................... 28.82 6.7 28.82 6.7 – –
Level 7 .................................................. 21.16 2.3 21.16 2.3 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 34.75 9.3 34.75 9.3 – –
Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 26.95 5.8 26.95 5.8 – –
Computer systems analysts......................................... 29.55 8.5 29.55 8.5 – –
Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 34.59 11.0 34.59 11.0 – –
Industrial engineers.......................................... 34.59 11.0 34.59 11.0 – –
Community and social services occupations........................... 21.53 21.0 21.53 21.0 – –
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 31.86 7.0 33.27 7.4 14.41 24.0
Level 9 .................................................. 38.28 1.5 38.41 1.8 – –
Postsecondary teachers............................................ 41.00 3.4 41.26 3.5 – –
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 34.19 6.7 35.16 6.7 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 38.45 2.0 38.58 2.4 – –
Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 35.70 5.7 35.81 5.7 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 39.06 2.0 39.29 2.7 – –
Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 37.36 3.2 37.56 2.8 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 38.86 .9 39.13 1.7 – –
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 23.87 3.0 24.16 6.5 – –
Level 6 .................................................. 21.39 2.0 – – – –
Level 8 .................................................. – – 27.65 5.3 – –
Registered nurses................................................. – – 30.68 22.6 – –
Healthcare support occupations...................................... 12.12 3.5 12.37 3.4 10.20 10.7
Level 3 .................................................. 12.10 4.9 12.61 3.8 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 13.77 1.6 – – – –
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 11.77 1.7 11.78 1.7 – –
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 11.44 2.7 – – – –
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 12.89 7.1 – – – –
Protective service occupations...................................... 19.38 11.1 19.91 12.9 – –
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 7.41 3.5 9.39 5.9 5.67 8.3
Level 1 .................................................. 5.24 14.5 – – 4.72 18.1
Level 2 .................................................. 6.87 16.3 – – 5.90 31.4
Level 3 .................................................. $9.26 8.1 – – – –
Cooks............................................................. 10.40 9.1 – – – –
Food service, tipped.............................................. 3.85 17.2 – – $4.12 17.8
Level 1 .................................................. 3.02 3.8 – – 3.14 9.2
Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 3.57 16.7 – – 3.78 18.4
Level 1 .................................................. 2.92 1.9 – – – –
Fast food and counter workers..................................... 9.44 11.6 – – 7.37 9.0
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast
food........................................................... 9.66 11.8 – – – –
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 12.60 10.8 $13.80 9.0 – –
Level 1 .................................................. 9.86 9.9 11.14 3.8 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 12.25 6.9 – – – –
Building cleaning workers......................................... 11.05 6.9 12.49 3.6 – –
Level 1 .................................................. 9.66 12.7 11.47 4.8 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 12.25 6.9 – – – –
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 11.97 3.7 12.70 3.5 – –
Level 1 .................................................. 10.95 5.8 11.47 4.8 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 12.25 6.9 – – – –
Personal care and service occupations............................... 11.49 18.7 – – 8.36 7.4
Sales and related occupations....................................... 13.98 12.4 17.57 17.7 7.49 6.7
Level 2 .................................................. 7.30 3.9 – – 7.12 1.9
Level 3 .................................................. 8.86 7.9 8.91 8.0 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 23.38 24.8 23.38 24.8 – –
Retail sales workers.............................................. 12.13 13.5 14.77 18.3 7.45 9.4
Level 2 .................................................. 7.19 6.0 – – 6.86 5.3
Level 3 .................................................. 8.86 7.9 8.91 8.0 – –
Cashiers, all workers........................................... 7.26 3.7 – – 6.76 2.2
Level 2 .................................................. 6.88 .0 – – – –
Cashiers...................................................... 7.26 3.7 – – 6.76 2.2
Level 2 .................................................. 6.88 .0 – – – –
Retail salespersons............................................. 15.69 33.9 17.65 30.1 – –
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 14.85 2.4 15.19 3.0 11.46 10.8
Level 1 .................................................. 8.19 8.7 – – – –
Level 2 .................................................. 11.03 3.8 11.57 4.0 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 12.89 4.1 12.99 4.2 11.49 3.8
Level 4 .................................................. 16.14 5.1 16.05 5.3 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 18.31 5.3 18.82 4.5 – –
Level 6 .................................................. 18.02 6.5 17.88 6.7 – –
Financial clerks.................................................. 15.99 8.4 16.22 8.6 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 15.12 4.5 15.12 4.5 – –
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 16.22 13.4 16.58 13.5 – –
Customer service representatives.................................. 14.87 8.0 15.39 9.1 – –
Order clerks...................................................... $16.09 23.6 $16.09 23.6 – –
Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 11.76 6.2 – – – –
Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 16.27 7.0 16.27 7.0 – –
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 13.40 7.3 13.40 7.3 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 13.32 7.5 13.32 7.5 – –
Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 10.00 8.1 – – – –
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 16.41 5.5 16.53 5.7 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 14.66 4.9 14.66 4.9 – –
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 17.64 6.1 17.64 6.1 – –
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 16.04 7.8 16.04 7.9 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 14.57 5.3 14.57 5.3 – –
Office clerks, general............................................ 14.07 6.6 14.06 6.8 – –
Construction and extraction occupations............................. 17.50 2.7 17.51 2.9 – –
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 19.10 12.3 19.10 12.3 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 15.39 10.3 15.39 10.3 – –
Level 6 .................................................. 18.28 8.0 18.28 8.0 – –
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 20.05 3.4 20.05 3.4 – –
Production occupations.............................................. 15.39 1.4 15.79 1.3 – –
Level 1 .................................................. 8.58 2.5 8.63 2.6 – –
Level 2 .................................................. 12.04 5.4 12.24 5.3 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 13.57 7.9 14.61 4.4 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 15.85 3.8 15.85 3.8 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 17.22 2.9 17.22 2.9 – –
Level 6 .................................................. 20.81 1.8 20.81 1.8 – –
Level 7 .................................................. 23.04 9.2 23.04 9.2 – –
First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating
workers.......................................................... 23.52 2.1 23.52 2.1 – –
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 14.58 2.5 14.58 2.5 – –
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 14.58 2.5 14.58 2.5 – –
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 13.34 8.4 13.53 7.7 – –
Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal
and plastic...................................................... 17.81 3.0 17.81 3.0 – –
Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers.................... 18.27 16.6 18.27 16.6 – –
Printers.......................................................... 17.46 4.1 17.46 4.1 – –
Printing machine operators...................................... 17.54 4.3 17.54 4.3 – –
Cutting workers................................................... 13.14 6.2 13.14 6.2 – –
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 13.14 6.2 13.14 6.2 – –
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 14.72 5.9 14.72 5.9 – –
Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 13.53 7.2 13.53 7.2 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 16.52 8.8 16.52 8.8 – –
Helpers--production workers..................................... 13.51 5.5 13.51 5.5 – –
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 13.48 6.0 13.59 5.9 – –
Level 1 .................................................. $9.36 2.4 $9.34 1.8 – –
Level 2 .................................................. 11.37 6.1 11.37 6.1 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 15.13 1.6 15.13 1.6 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 15.33 6.7 15.33 6.7 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 16.94 2.6 16.94 2.6 – –
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 14.81 6.3 14.93 6.0 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 16.91 2.0 16.91 2.0 – –
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 16.27 3.2 16.27 3.2 – –
Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 14.14 1.6 14.14 1.6 – –
Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 13.54 2.7 13.77 3.2 – –
Level 1 .................................................. 9.83 2.5 9.82 2.0 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 15.07 1.7 15.07 1.7 – –
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 15.12 4.4 15.59 2.6 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 15.57 4.8 15.57 4.8 – –
Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 13.06 5.2 – – – –
Level 1 .................................................. 9.82 4.1 9.31 3.2 – –
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments,
and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by
totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.
Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as
part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job
controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs.
Points are assigned based on the occupation's rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the
occupation. See appendix A for more information.
4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a
"confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may
include data for categories not shown separately
Table 3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings(1) for full-time and part-time workers(2) by work levels(3), Reading, PA,
January 2007
Total Full-time workers Part-time workers
Occupation(4) and level
Relative Relative Relative
Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5)
(percent) (percent) (percent)
All workers........................................................... $17.25 3.7 $18.46 3.7 $9.51 14.4
Management occupations.............................................. 42.28 18.3 42.28 18.3 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 29.33 5.9 29.33 5.9 – –
Not able to be leveled.................................... 49.31 9.0 49.31 9.0 – –
Industrial production managers.................................... 37.72 48.8 37.72 48.8 – –
Business and financial operations occupations....................... 28.82 6.7 28.82 6.7 – –
Level 7 .................................................. 21.16 2.3 21.16 2.3 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 34.75 9.3 34.75 9.3 – –
Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 27.47 5.7 27.47 5.7 – –
Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 34.59 11.0 34.59 11.0 – –
Industrial engineers.......................................... 34.59 11.0 34.59 11.0 – –
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 16.57 16.2 – – – –
Postsecondary teachers............................................ 40.71 8.4 41.48 9.1 – –
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 24.23 2.8 24.83 8.3 – –
Level 6 .................................................. 20.93 .8 – – – –
Level 8 .................................................. – – 27.69 6.3 – –
Healthcare support occupations...................................... 11.94 3.9 12.20 3.7 10.20 10.7
Level 3 .................................................. 11.73 6.6 – – – –
Level 4 .................................................. 13.77 1.6 – – – –
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 11.40 1.8 – – – –
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 11.34 3.3 – – – –
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 12.89 7.1 – – – –
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 7.17 2.2 9.17 4.7 5.46 8.4
Level 1 .................................................. 5.24 14.5 – – 4.72 18.1
Level 2 .................................................. 6.73 16.5 – – 5.61 33.7
Food service, tipped.............................................. 3.75 17.7 – – 3.99 18.8
Level 1 .................................................. 3.02 3.8 – – 3.14 9.2
Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 3.57 16.7 – – 3.78 18.4
Level 1 .................................................. 2.92 1.9 – – – –
Fast food and counter workers..................................... 7.99 7.8 – – – –
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast
food........................................................... 8.20 7.8 – – – –
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 12.17 14.7 13.50 12.4 – –
Level 1 .................................................. 9.72 10.4 11.05 4.0 – –
Building cleaning workers......................................... 9.91 8.1 11.41 3.9 – –
Level 1 .................................................. 9.47 13.5 – – – –
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 10.91 4.3 11.61 4.3 – –
Level 1 .................................................. 10.80 6.5 – – – –
Personal care and service occupations............................... $12.00 19.7 – – $8.45 7.9
Sales and related occupations....................................... 13.98 12.4 $17.57 17.7 7.49 6.7
Level 2 .................................................. 7.30 3.9 – – 7.12 1.9
Level 3 .................................................. 8.86 7.9 8.91 8.0 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 23.38 24.8 23.38 24.8 – –
Retail sales workers.............................................. 12.13 13.5 14.77 18.3 7.45 9.4
Level 2 .................................................. 7.19 6.0 – – 6.86 5.3
Level 3 .................................................. 8.86 7.9 8.91 8.0 – –
Cashiers, all workers........................................... 7.26 3.7 – – 6.76 2.2
Level 2 .................................................. 6.88 .0 – – – –
Cashiers...................................................... 7.26 3.7 – – 6.76 2.2
Level 2 .................................................. 6.88 .0 – – – –
Retail salespersons............................................. 15.69 33.9 17.65 30.1 – –
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 14.73 2.5 15.08 3.2 11.40 10.9
Level 1 .................................................. 8.19 8.7 – – – –
Level 2 .................................................. 11.03 3.8 11.57 4.0 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 12.89 4.2 12.99 4.2 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 16.17 5.8 16.07 6.1 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 18.43 5.6 19.00 4.8 – –
Level 6 .................................................. 18.00 7.5 17.84 7.7 – –
Financial clerks.................................................. 15.99 8.4 16.22 8.6 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 15.12 4.5 15.12 4.5 – –
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 16.22 13.4 16.58 13.5 – –
Customer service representatives.................................. 14.87 8.0 15.39 9.1 – –
Order clerks...................................................... 16.09 23.6 16.09 23.6 – –
Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 11.76 6.2 – – – –
Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 16.27 7.0 16.27 7.0 – –
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 13.40 7.3 13.40 7.3 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 13.32 7.5 13.32 7.5 – –
Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 10.00 8.1 – – – –
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 16.21 6.4 16.35 6.8 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 14.28 5.5 14.28 5.5 – –
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 17.25 7.3 17.25 7.3 – –
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 15.98 9.5 15.98 9.5 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 14.06 6.2 14.06 6.2 – –
Office clerks, general............................................ 13.27 4.0 13.23 3.9 – –
Construction and extraction occupations............................. 17.38 2.8 17.34 3.0 – –
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 19.26 12.8 19.26 12.8 – –
Level 6 .................................................. 18.36 8.0 18.36 8.0 – –
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 20.78 4.5 20.78 4.5 – –
Production occupations.............................................. $15.39 1.4 $15.79 1.3 – –
Level 1 .................................................. 8.58 2.5 8.63 2.6 – –
Level 2 .................................................. 12.04 5.4 12.24 5.3 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 13.57 7.9 14.61 4.4 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 15.85 3.8 15.85 3.8 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 17.22 2.9 17.22 2.9 – –
Level 6 .................................................. 20.81 1.8 20.81 1.8 – –
Level 7 .................................................. 23.04 9.2 23.04 9.2 – –
First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating
workers.......................................................... 23.52 2.1 23.52 2.1 – –
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 14.58 2.5 14.58 2.5 – –
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 14.58 2.5 14.58 2.5 – –
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 13.34 8.4 13.53 7.7 – –
Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal
and plastic...................................................... 17.81 3.0 17.81 3.0 – –
Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers.................... 18.27 16.6 18.27 16.6 – –
Printers.......................................................... 17.46 4.1 17.46 4.1 – –
Printing machine operators...................................... 17.54 4.3 17.54 4.3 – –
Cutting workers................................................... 13.14 6.2 13.14 6.2 – –
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 13.14 6.2 13.14 6.2 – –
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 14.72 5.9 14.72 5.9 – –
Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 13.53 7.2 13.53 7.2 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 16.52 8.8 16.52 8.8 – –
Helpers--production workers..................................... 13.51 5.5 13.51 5.5 – –
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 13.48 6.1 13.59 5.9 – –
Level 1 .................................................. 9.36 2.4 9.34 1.8 – –
Level 2 .................................................. 11.37 6.1 11.37 6.1 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 15.18 1.6 15.18 1.6 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 15.33 6.7 15.33 6.7 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 16.94 2.6 16.94 2.6 – –
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 14.81 6.3 14.93 6.0 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 16.91 2.0 16.91 2.0 – –
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 16.27 3.2 16.27 3.2 – –
Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 14.14 1.6 14.14 1.6 – –
Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 13.54 2.7 13.77 3.2 – –
Level 1 .................................................. 9.83 2.5 9.82 2.0 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 15.07 1.7 15.07 1.7 – –
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 15.12 4.4 15.59 2.6 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 15.57 4.8 15.57 4.8 – –
Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 13.06 5.2 – – – –
Level 1 .................................................. 9.82 4.1 9.31 3.2 – –
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments,
and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by
totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.
Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as
part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job
controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs.
Points are assigned based on the occupation's rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the
occupation. See appendix A for more information.
4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a
"confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
Table 4. State and local government workers: Mean hourly earnings(1) for full-time and part-time workers(2) by work levels(3), Reading,
PA, January 2007
Total Full-time workers Part-time workers
Occupation(4) and level
Relative Relative Relative
Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5)
(percent) (percent) (percent)
All workers........................................................... $24.93 1.3 $25.93 1.7 $11.58 16.4
Management occupations.............................................. 31.90 16.5 – – – –
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 35.37 1.7 36.50 1.1 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 38.38 1.5 38.50 1.9 – –
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 37.63 .3 37.74 .0 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 38.45 2.0 38.58 2.4 – –
Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 37.76 1.7 37.94 1.3 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 39.06 2.0 39.29 2.7 – –
Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 37.36 3.2 37.56 2.8 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 38.86 .9 39.13 1.7 – –
Protective service occupations...................................... 18.60 15.5 19.30 18.2 – –
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 14.25 7.9 – – – –
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 16.74 2.5 16.73 2.6 – –
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments,
and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by
totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.
Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as
part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job
controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs.
Points are assigned based on the occupation's rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the
occupation. See appendix A for more information.
4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a
"confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
Table 5. Combined work levels(1) for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings(2) for full-time and part-time workers(3), Reading, PA,
January 2007
Total Full-time workers Part-time workers
Occupation(4) and level
Relative Relative Relative
Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5)
(percent) (percent) (percent)
All workers........................................................... $18.05 3.2 $19.29 3.2 $9.62 13.3
Management occupations.............................................. 40.49 15.6 40.62 15.7 – –
Group II.................................................. 24.40 7.9 – – – –
Group III................................................. 42.84 24.3 – – – –
Industrial production managers.................................... 37.72 48.8 37.72 48.8 – –
Education administrators.......................................... 40.24 17.4 40.24 17.4 – –
Business and financial operations occupations....................... 28.82 6.7 28.82 6.7 – –
Group II.................................................. 23.09 7.2 – – – –
Group III................................................. 36.01 8.6 – – – –
Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 26.95 5.8 26.95 5.8 – –
Group II.................................................. 24.14 8.8 – – – –
Computer systems analysts......................................... 29.55 8.5 29.55 8.5 – –
Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 34.59 11.0 34.59 11.0 – –
Industrial engineers.......................................... 34.59 11.0 34.59 11.0 – –
Community and social services occupations........................... 21.53 21.0 21.53 21.0 – –
Group II.................................................. 18.12 11.0 – – – –
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 31.86 7.0 33.27 7.4 14.41 24.0
Group II.................................................. 14.90 10.7 – – – –
Group III................................................. 38.72 1.5 – – – –
Postsecondary teachers............................................ 41.00 3.4 41.26 3.5 – –
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 34.19 6.7 35.16 6.7 – –
Group III................................................. 38.45 2.0 – – – –
Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 35.70 5.7 35.81 5.7 – –
Group III................................................. 39.06 2.0 – – – –
Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 37.36 3.2 37.56 2.8 – –
Group III................................................. 38.86 .9 39.13 1.7 – –
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 23.87 3.0 24.16 6.5 – –
Group II.................................................. 21.96 3.1 – – – –
Registered nurses................................................. – – 30.68 22.6 – –
Healthcare support occupations...................................... 12.12 3.5 12.37 3.4 10.20 10.7
Group I................................................... 12.32 4.0 – – – –
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 11.77 1.7 11.78 1.7 – –
Group I................................................... 11.94 2.3 – – – –
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 11.44 2.7 – – – –
Group I................................................... 11.44 2.7 – – – –
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 12.89 7.1 – – – –
Group I................................................... 12.89 7.1 – – – –
Protective service occupations...................................... 19.38 11.1 19.91 12.9 – –
Group II.................................................. $23.43 3.6 – – – –
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 7.41 3.5 $9.39 5.9 $5.67 8.3
Group I................................................... 6.85 5.1 – – – –
Cooks............................................................. 10.40 9.1 – – – –
Food service, tipped.............................................. 3.85 17.2 – – 4.12 17.8
Group I................................................... 3.85 17.2 – – – –
Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 3.57 16.7 – – 3.78 18.4
Group I................................................... 3.57 16.7 – – 3.78 18.4
Fast food and counter workers..................................... 9.44 11.6 – – 7.37 9.0
Group I................................................... 9.47 11.7 – – – –
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast
food........................................................... 9.66 11.8 – – – –
Group I................................................... 9.70 12.0 – – – –
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 12.60 10.8 13.80 9.0 – –
Group I................................................... 11.29 6.0 – – – –
Building cleaning workers......................................... 11.05 6.9 12.49 3.6 – –
Group I................................................... 11.05 6.9 – – – –
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 11.97 3.7 12.70 3.5 – –
Group I................................................... 11.97 3.7 12.70 3.5 – –
Personal care and service occupations............................... 11.49 18.7 – – 8.36 7.4
Group I................................................... 8.66 5.8 – – – –
Sales and related occupations....................................... 13.98 12.4 17.57 17.7 7.49 6.7
Group I................................................... 11.56 11.8 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 23.69 9.5 – – – –
Retail sales workers.............................................. 12.13 13.5 14.77 18.3 7.45 9.4
Group I................................................... 12.00 13.7 – – – –
Cashiers, all workers........................................... 7.26 3.7 – – 6.76 2.2
Group I................................................... 7.26 3.7 – – – –
Cashiers...................................................... 7.26 3.7 – – 6.76 2.2
Group I................................................... 7.26 3.7 – – 6.76 2.2
Retail salespersons............................................. 15.69 33.9 17.65 30.1 – –
Group I................................................... 15.69 33.9 17.65 30.1 – –
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 14.85 2.4 15.19 3.0 11.46 10.8
Group I................................................... 13.54 2.6 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 18.19 4.0 – – – –
Financial clerks.................................................. 15.99 8.4 16.22 8.6 – –
Group I................................................... 13.93 2.8 – – – –
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 16.22 13.4 16.58 13.5 – –
Customer service representatives.................................. 14.87 8.0 15.39 9.1 – –
Group II.................................................. 17.40 10.6 17.40 10.6 – –
Order clerks...................................................... 16.09 23.6 16.09 23.6 – –
Group I................................................... $16.29 24.3 $16.29 24.3 – –
Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 11.76 6.2 – – – –
Group I................................................... 11.76 6.2 – – – –
Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 16.27 7.0 16.27 7.0 – –
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 13.40 7.3 13.40 7.3 – –
Group I................................................... 13.40 7.3 13.40 7.3 – –
Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 10.00 8.1 – – – –
Group I................................................... 9.82 7.8 – – – –
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 16.41 5.5 16.53 5.7 – –
Group I................................................... 14.67 4.9 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 18.85 8.8 – – – –
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 17.64 6.1 17.64 6.1 – –
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 16.04 7.8 16.04 7.9 – –
Group I................................................... 14.58 5.3 14.57 5.3 – –
Office clerks, general............................................ 14.07 6.6 14.06 6.8 – –
Group I................................................... 13.27 4.0 13.23 3.9 – –
Construction and extraction occupations............................. 17.50 2.7 17.51 2.9 – –
Group I................................................... 13.55 2.1 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 21.46 5.8 – – – –
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 19.10 12.3 19.10 12.3 – –
Group II.................................................. 20.30 11.6 – – – –
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 20.05 3.4 20.05 3.4 – –
Group II.................................................. 20.24 3.2 – – – –
Production occupations.............................................. 15.39 1.4 15.79 1.3 – –
Group I................................................... 13.36 4.0 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 19.63 1.3 – – – –
First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating
workers.......................................................... 23.52 2.1 23.52 2.1 – –
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 14.58 2.5 14.58 2.5 – –
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 14.58 2.5 14.58 2.5 – –
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 13.34 8.4 13.53 7.7 – –
Group I................................................... 12.02 5.3 – – – –
Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal
and plastic...................................................... 17.81 3.0 17.81 3.0 – –
Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers.................... 18.27 16.6 18.27 16.6 – –
Printers.......................................................... 17.46 4.1 17.46 4.1 – –
Printing machine operators...................................... 17.54 4.3 17.54 4.3 – –
Cutting workers................................................... 13.14 6.2 13.14 6.2 – –
Group I................................................... 13.14 6.2 – – – –
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 13.14 6.2 13.14 6.2 – –
Group I................................................... 13.14 6.2 13.14 6.2 – –
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 14.72 5.9 14.72 5.9 – –
Group I................................................... 14.72 5.9 14.72 5.9 – –
Miscellaneous production workers.................................. $13.53 7.2 $13.53 7.2 – –
Group I................................................... 12.93 12.2 – – – –
Helpers--production workers..................................... 13.51 5.5 13.51 5.5 – –
Group I................................................... 13.51 5.5 13.51 5.5 – –
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 13.48 6.0 13.59 5.9 – –
Group I................................................... 12.66 5.6 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 16.97 2.7 – – – –
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 14.81 6.3 14.93 6.0 – –
Group I................................................... 13.05 9.8 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 16.91 2.0 – – – –
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 16.27 3.2 16.27 3.2 – –
Group I................................................... 15.19 3.8 15.19 3.8 – –
Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 14.14 1.6 14.14 1.6 – –
Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 13.54 2.7 13.77 3.2 – –
Group I................................................... 13.54 2.7 – – – –
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 15.12 4.4 15.59 2.6 – –
Group I................................................... 15.12 4.4 15.59 2.6 – –
Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 13.06 5.2 – – – –
Group I................................................... 13.06 5.2 – – – –
1 Combined work levels simplify the presentation of work levels by combining levels 1 through 15 into four broad groups. Group I
combines levels 1-4, group II combines levels 5-8, group III combines levels 9-12, and group IV combines levels 13-15.
2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments,
and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by
totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.
Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as
part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a
"confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
Table 6. Civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles(1), Reading, PA, January 2007
Occupation(2) 10 25 Median 75 90
50
All workers........................................................... $8.00 $11.05 $15.40 $21.70 $31.25
Management occupations.............................................. 21.81 27.55 33.97 51.60 78.61
Industrial production managers.................................... 11.06 11.06 34.44 43.71 78.61
Education administrators.......................................... 22.37 24.92 36.05 51.60 51.60
Business and financial operations occupations....................... 19.02 21.16 27.40 33.65 45.27
Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 20.54 23.09 23.63 33.69 36.55
Computer systems analysts......................................... 20.54 25.10 29.73 34.48 37.84
Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 23.06 28.38 36.93 39.03 44.64
Industrial engineers.......................................... 23.06 28.38 36.93 39.03 44.64
Community and social services occupations........................... 9.74 17.46 17.74 26.18 35.13
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 11.63 16.55 32.07 41.73 51.35
Postsecondary teachers............................................ 27.07 30.78 36.27 56.27 65.18
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 12.14 28.23 33.93 42.80 51.81
Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 12.14 28.97 34.30 45.07 53.31
Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 27.30 30.01 35.45 46.49 54.47
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 17.28 21.07 23.24 24.45 32.00
Healthcare support occupations...................................... 10.51 11.45 11.48 13.10 14.95
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.51 11.17 11.48 11.97 13.34
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 10.25 10.51 11.76 11.98 13.34
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 8.06 11.67 13.13 14.95 15.50
Protective service occupations...................................... 11.44 12.20 19.33 26.27 29.33
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 2.83 2.85 7.50 10.00 13.11
Cooks............................................................. 8.93 8.93 9.00 10.40 14.00
Food service, tipped.............................................. 2.83 2.83 2.83 3.25 8.49
Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 2.83 2.83 2.83 3.25 3.25
Fast food and counter workers..................................... 6.35 7.14 9.53 11.37 13.11
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast
food........................................................... 7.00 7.14 10.52 11.41 13.11
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 7.00 9.16 11.50 15.97 20.19
Building cleaning workers......................................... 6.50 8.79 10.95 12.10 16.61
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 8.79 9.42 11.50 14.25 16.75
Personal care and service occupations............................... 6.50 7.96 8.84 10.61 21.46
Sales and related occupations....................................... 6.68 7.17 9.10 16.72 29.18
Retail sales workers.............................................. 6.68 7.11 8.00 12.77 22.90
Cashiers, all workers........................................... 6.00 6.68 7.17 7.86 8.00
Cashiers...................................................... 6.00 6.68 7.17 7.86 8.00
Retail salespersons............................................. 7.32 8.21 11.94 15.08 29.28
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 10.20 12.00 13.90 17.73 20.83
Financial clerks.................................................. $11.17 $13.00 $14.60 $18.60 $21.70
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 10.86 13.00 15.36 20.83 21.70
Customer service representatives.................................. 9.67 12.95 14.04 16.98 21.63
Order clerks...................................................... 11.26 12.75 13.00 19.00 26.47
Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 8.80 9.39 13.00 13.00 13.00
Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 12.00 12.00 16.80 18.56 18.56
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 10.71 11.36 12.00 15.34 17.75
Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 6.85 7.50 10.20 12.27 12.27
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 12.68 13.26 15.50 18.65 22.14
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 13.26 14.55 17.20 19.71 21.22
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 11.00 13.95 15.50 18.65 25.00
Office clerks, general............................................ 11.75 12.23 14.00 16.20 17.33
Construction and extraction occupations............................. 11.25 13.00 16.38 22.74 27.91
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 11.75 14.61 16.50 21.30 24.75
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance
workers.......................................................... 15.57 17.85 18.31 22.90 23.19
Production occupations.............................................. 8.50 11.15 15.45 17.90 22.05
First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating
workers.......................................................... 18.27 21.87 24.00 24.48 27.16
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 11.40 13.44 14.41 14.73 16.77
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 11.40 13.44 14.41 14.73 16.77
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 8.76 10.00 13.78 15.80 17.70
Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal
and plastic...................................................... 15.40 15.40 15.85 19.29 24.28
Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers.................... 13.50 13.82 19.08 22.05 23.19
Printers.......................................................... 13.59 16.25 17.00 19.75 19.79
Printing machine operators...................................... 12.41 16.25 17.59 19.75 19.79
Cutting workers................................................... 7.50 8.50 13.25 17.50 17.68
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 7.50 8.50 13.25 17.50 17.68
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 12.20 13.40 15.25 15.65 17.12
Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 7.50 9.41 15.09 16.98 18.29
Helpers--production workers..................................... 8.50 11.52 13.42 17.20 17.20
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 8.81 10.21 14.25 16.08 18.03
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 9.50 12.48 15.66 16.66 18.73
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 13.50 15.50 16.00 17.15 18.73
Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 12.00 12.50 13.45 16.09 17.65
Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 9.80 10.65 14.25 16.06 17.70
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 10.30 14.60 16.25 17.13 18.13
Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 9.16 10.90 14.25 14.40 15.75
1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the
hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the
rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are
paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime,
vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for
more information.
Table 7. Private industry workers: Hourly wage percentiles(1), Reading, PA, January 2007
Occupation(2) 10 25 Median 75 90
50
All workers........................................................... $7.70 $10.65 $15.00 $20.21 $29.18
Management occupations.............................................. 22.09 28.09 35.21 53.39 80.73
Industrial production managers.................................... 11.06 11.06 34.44 43.71 78.61
Business and financial operations occupations....................... 19.02 21.16 27.40 33.65 45.27
Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 20.30 23.09 25.10 34.14 36.78
Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 23.06 28.38 36.93 39.03 44.64
Industrial engineers.......................................... 23.06 28.38 36.93 39.03 44.64
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 9.50 11.37 12.34 16.55 30.22
Postsecondary teachers............................................ 21.30 26.59 34.92 61.35 66.00
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 17.28 21.09 23.24 24.45 32.61
Healthcare support occupations...................................... 10.35 11.17 11.48 12.84 14.95
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.51 10.77 11.48 11.48 12.24
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 10.25 10.51 11.00 11.78 13.34
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 8.06 11.67 13.13 14.95 15.50
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 2.83 2.85 7.08 9.50 13.64
Food service, tipped.............................................. 2.83 2.83 2.83 3.25 6.41
Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 2.83 2.83 2.83 3.25 3.25
Fast food and counter workers..................................... 6.00 7.00 7.25 9.50 10.52
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast
food........................................................... 6.35 7.14 7.35 9.53 10.52
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 6.89 8.75 11.50 15.25 20.19
Building cleaning workers......................................... 6.25 7.39 9.60 11.50 12.05
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 8.00 9.00 11.25 11.50 15.33
Personal care and service occupations............................... 6.50 8.00 8.94 11.00 21.46
Sales and related occupations....................................... 6.68 7.17 9.10 16.72 29.18
Retail sales workers.............................................. 6.68 7.11 8.00 12.77 22.90
Cashiers, all workers........................................... 6.00 6.68 7.17 7.86 8.00
Cashiers...................................................... 6.00 6.68 7.17 7.86 8.00
Retail salespersons............................................. 7.32 8.21 11.94 15.08 29.28
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 10.09 12.00 13.43 17.40 20.83
Financial clerks.................................................. 11.17 13.00 14.60 18.60 21.70
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 10.86 13.00 15.36 20.83 21.70
Customer service representatives.................................. 9.67 12.95 14.04 16.98 21.63
Order clerks...................................................... 11.26 12.75 13.00 19.00 26.47
Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 8.80 9.39 13.00 13.00 13.00
Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 12.00 12.00 16.80 18.56 18.56
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 10.71 11.36 12.00 15.34 17.75
Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 6.85 7.50 10.20 12.27 12.27
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 12.68 13.26 15.50 17.88 22.14
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 13.26 13.90 16.93 19.40 21.44
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... $10.00 $14.25 $15.50 $16.10 $25.00
Office clerks, general............................................ 10.78 12.23 12.23 15.50 16.20
Construction and extraction occupations............................. 11.25 12.58 15.03 21.37 27.91
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 11.75 14.50 16.50 21.75 24.75
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance
workers.......................................................... 16.22 18.31 19.50 23.19 23.19
Production occupations.............................................. 8.50 11.15 15.45 17.90 22.05
First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating
workers.......................................................... 18.27 21.87 24.00 24.48 27.16
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 11.40 13.44 14.41 14.73 16.77
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 11.40 13.44 14.41 14.73 16.77
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 8.76 10.00 13.78 15.80 17.70
Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal
and plastic...................................................... 15.40 15.40 15.85 19.29 24.28
Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers.................... 13.50 13.82 19.08 22.05 23.19
Printers.......................................................... 13.59 16.25 17.00 19.75 19.79
Printing machine operators...................................... 12.41 16.25 17.59 19.75 19.79
Cutting workers................................................... 7.50 8.50 13.25 17.50 17.68
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 7.50 8.50 13.25 17.50 17.68
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 12.20 13.40 15.25 15.65 17.12
Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 7.50 9.41 15.09 16.98 18.29
Helpers--production workers..................................... 8.50 11.52 13.42 17.20 17.20
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 8.81 10.16 14.25 16.08 18.03
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 9.50 12.48 15.66 16.66 18.73
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 13.50 15.50 16.00 17.15 18.73
Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 12.00 12.50 13.45 16.09 17.65
Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 9.80 10.65 14.25 16.06 17.70
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 10.30 14.60 16.25 17.13 18.13
Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 9.16 10.90 14.25 14.40 15.75
1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the
hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the
rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are
paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime,
vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for
more information.
Table 8. State and local government workers: Hourly wage percentiles(1), Reading, PA, January 2007
Occupation(2) 10 25 Median 75 90
50
All workers........................................................... $11.50 $14.35 $21.63 $32.75 $45.28
Management occupations.............................................. 20.77 21.81 24.64 36.05 51.60
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 14.26 28.56 34.55 44.09 51.99
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 27.37 30.15 36.08 44.87 52.18
Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 27.37 30.11 35.98 46.49 54.27
Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 27.30 30.01 35.45 46.49 54.47
Protective service occupations...................................... 10.89 11.85 19.71 26.27 26.79
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 9.30 11.25 14.29 16.75 17.82
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 12.65 15.34 16.81 18.31 21.21
1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the
hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the
rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are
paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime,
vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for
more information.
Table 9. Full-time(1) civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles(2), Reading, PA, January 2007
Full-time workers
Occupation(3)
10 25 Median 75 90
50
All workers........................................................... $9.50 $12.20 $16.11 $22.74 $33.64
Management occupations.............................................. 21.81 27.55 33.97 51.60 78.61
Industrial production managers.................................... 11.06 11.06 34.44 43.71 78.61
Education administrators.......................................... 22.37 24.92 36.05 51.60 51.60
Business and financial operations occupations....................... 19.02 21.16 27.40 33.65 45.27
Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 20.54 23.09 23.63 33.69 36.55
Computer systems analysts......................................... 20.54 25.10 29.73 34.48 37.84
Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 23.06 28.38 36.93 39.03 44.64
Industrial engineers.......................................... 23.06 28.38 36.93 39.03 44.64
Community and social services occupations........................... 9.74 17.46 17.74 26.18 35.13
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 12.21 25.17 33.01 42.80 51.95
Postsecondary teachers............................................ 27.07 31.33 36.27 57.31 65.18
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 12.34 28.73 34.63 43.30 51.95
Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 12.14 29.22 35.22 45.53 53.91
Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 27.37 30.01 35.95 46.83 54.54
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 16.51 19.95 21.63 25.76 34.67
Registered nurses................................................. 14.00 23.67 27.90 29.24 67.98
Healthcare support occupations...................................... 10.51 11.48 11.67 13.13 14.95
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.51 11.33 11.48 11.97 13.34
Protective service occupations...................................... 11.79 12.70 20.15 26.27 29.33
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 2.83 8.00 9.50 13.00 13.64
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 9.05 11.00 12.25 16.75 20.19
Building cleaning workers......................................... 9.35 10.52 11.50 15.15 16.94
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 9.37 10.95 11.50 15.33 16.98
Sales and related occupations....................................... 7.17 8.00 13.41 24.41 29.18
Retail sales workers.............................................. 7.17 7.86 9.65 15.08 24.81
Retail salespersons............................................. 7.63 9.50 13.41 20.21 37.89
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 10.60 12.27 14.25 17.87 20.85
Financial clerks.................................................. 11.79 13.00 15.36 19.56 21.70
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 11.52 13.00 16.98 20.83 21.70
Customer service representatives.................................. 11.20 13.00 14.25 17.33 21.77
Order clerks...................................................... 11.26 12.75 13.00 19.00 26.47
Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 12.00 12.00 16.80 18.56 18.56
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 10.71 11.36 12.00 15.34 17.75
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 11.93 13.90 15.50 18.65 22.49
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 13.26 14.55 17.20 19.71 21.22
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... $11.00 $13.95 $15.50 $18.65 $25.00
Office clerks, general............................................ 11.75 12.23 14.00 16.20 17.33
Construction and extraction occupations............................. 11.50 13.00 16.38 22.74 27.91
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 11.75 14.61 16.50 21.30 24.75
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance
workers.......................................................... 15.57 17.85 18.31 22.90 23.19
Production occupations.............................................. 9.25 12.13 15.72 18.27 22.05
First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating
workers.......................................................... 18.27 21.87 24.00 24.48 27.16
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 11.40 13.44 14.41 14.73 16.77
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 11.40 13.44 14.41 14.73 16.77
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 8.76 10.56 14.00 15.98 17.70
Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal
and plastic...................................................... 15.40 15.40 15.85 19.29 24.28
Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers.................... 13.50 13.82 19.08 22.05 23.19
Printers.......................................................... 13.59 16.25 17.00 19.75 19.79
Printing machine operators...................................... 12.41 16.25 17.59 19.75 19.79
Cutting workers................................................... 7.50 8.50 13.25 17.50 17.68
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 7.50 8.50 13.25 17.50 17.68
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 12.20 13.40 15.25 15.65 17.12
Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 7.50 9.41 15.09 16.98 18.29
Helpers--production workers..................................... 8.50 11.52 13.42 17.20 17.20
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 9.00 10.33 14.25 16.12 18.03
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 9.50 12.51 15.66 16.72 18.73
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 13.50 15.50 16.00 17.15 18.73
Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 12.00 12.50 13.45 16.09 17.65
Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 9.95 10.81 14.25 16.22 18.03
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 12.15 14.60 16.25 18.03 18.13
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each
establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one
establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the
hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the
rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are
paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime,
vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for
more information.
Table 10. Part-time(1) civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles(2), Reading, PA, January 2007
Part-time workers
Occupation(3)
10 25 Median 75 90
50
All workers........................................................... $3.25 $6.50 $7.80 $10.71 $21.72
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 9.50 9.50 11.15 12.52 28.71
Healthcare support occupations...................................... 7.50 8.06 11.02 11.90 12.50
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 2.83 2.83 5.48 8.00 10.00
Food service, tipped.............................................. 2.83 2.83 2.85 3.25 10.00
Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 2.83 2.83 2.83 3.25 9.75
Fast food and counter workers..................................... 6.00 6.35 7.14 7.14 10.62
Personal care and service occupations............................... 6.25 6.70 8.00 9.00 11.00
Sales and related occupations....................................... 6.00 6.68 7.00 8.00 9.50
Retail sales workers.............................................. 6.00 6.50 7.00 8.00 9.25
Cashiers, all workers........................................... 5.50 6.25 6.68 7.35 7.73
Cashiers...................................................... 5.50 6.25 6.68 7.35 7.73
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 7.13 8.80 10.50 13.03 18.64
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each
establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one
establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the
hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the
rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are
paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime,
vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for
more information.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups
may include data for categories not shown separately
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 11. Full-time(1) civilian workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, Reading, PA,
January 2007
Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5)
Occupation(2)
Mean Mean
Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual
hours hours
All workers........................................................... $19.29 $16.11 $769 $646 39.8 $39,016 $33,622 2,023
Management occupations.............................................. 40.62 33.97 1,648 1,359 40.6 85,681 70,649 2,109
Industrial production managers.................................... 37.72 34.44 1,509 1,378 40.0 78,465 71,639 2,080
Education administrators.......................................... 40.24 36.05 1,580 1,442 39.3 82,184 74,986 2,043
Business and financial operations occupations....................... 28.82 27.40 1,162 1,067 40.3 60,447 55,494 2,098
Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 26.95 23.63 1,069 945 39.6 55,578 49,148 2,062
Computer systems analysts......................................... 29.55 29.73 1,159 1,152 39.2 60,310 59,904 2,041
Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 34.59 36.93 1,383 1,477 40.0 71,942 76,812 2,080
Industrial engineers.......................................... 34.59 36.93 1,383 1,477 40.0 71,942 76,812 2,080
Community and social services occupations........................... 21.53 17.74 848 710 39.4 43,418 36,901 2,017
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 33.27 33.01 1,208 1,181 36.3 46,237 45,143 1,390
Postsecondary teachers............................................ 41.26 36.27 1,580 1,365 38.3 62,223 55,867 1,508
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 35.16 34.63 1,256 1,238 35.7 47,242 46,043 1,344
Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 35.81 35.22 1,255 1,207 35.1 47,199 45,619 1,318
Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 37.56 35.95 1,317 1,261 35.1 49,276 46,948 1,312
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 24.16 21.63 932 840 38.6 47,710 42,973 1,975
Registered nurses................................................. 30.68 27.90 1,166 1,116 38.0 55,872 57,658 1,821
Healthcare support occupations...................................... 12.37 11.67 474 459 38.3 24,657 23,885 1,993
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 11.78 11.48 464 459 39.4 24,119 23,885 2,047
Protective service occupations...................................... 19.91 20.15 788 788 39.6 40,978 41,001 2,058
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 9.39 9.50 362 380 38.6 18,845 19,760 2,007
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 13.80 12.25 555 484 40.2 27,823 23,920 2,016
Building cleaning workers......................................... 12.49 11.50 498 460 39.9 25,891 23,920 2,073
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 12.70 11.50 506 460 39.9 26,328 23,920 2,072
Sales and related occupations....................................... 17.57 13.41 689 536 39.2 35,845 27,891 2,040
Retail sales workers.............................................. 14.77 9.65 570 361 38.6 29,620 18,772 2,005
Retail salespersons............................................. 17.65 13.41 715 536 40.5 37,188 27,891 2,107
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 15.19 14.25 600 556 39.5 31,035 28,912 2,044
Financial clerks.................................................. 16.22 15.36 647 590 39.9 33,653 30,664 2,075
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 16.58 16.98 661 637 39.8 34,351 33,117 2,071
Customer service representatives.................................. 15.39 14.25 613 567 39.8 31,852 29,483 2,069
Order clerks...................................................... 16.09 13.00 668 520 41.5 34,727 27,040 2,158
Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 16.27 16.80 669 672 41.1 34,782 34,944 2,138
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... $13.40 $12.00 $536 $480 40.0 $27,869 $24,960 2,080
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 16.53 15.50 632 620 38.2 32,858 32,240 1,988
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 17.64 17.20 685 677 38.9 35,634 35,219 2,020
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 16.04 15.50 607 570 37.9 31,576 29,640 1,969
Office clerks, general............................................ 14.06 14.00 522 528 37.1 27,141 27,437 1,931
Construction and extraction occupations............................. 17.51 16.38 690 650 39.4 35,898 33,800 2,050
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 19.10 16.50 770 660 40.3 40,057 34,320 2,097
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance
workers.......................................................... 20.05 18.31 802 732 40.0 41,708 38,081 2,080
Production occupations.............................................. 15.79 15.72 631 628 40.0 32,838 32,656 2,079
First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating
workers.......................................................... 23.52 24.00 990 1,080 42.1 51,487 56,167 2,189
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 14.58 14.41 583 576 40.0 30,331 29,973 2,080
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 14.58 14.41 583 576 40.0 30,331 29,973 2,080
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 13.53 14.00 541 560 40.0 28,139 29,120 2,080
Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal
and plastic...................................................... 17.81 15.85 713 634 40.0 37,055 32,968 2,080
Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers.................... 18.27 19.08 731 763 40.0 38,004 39,682 2,080
Printers.......................................................... 17.46 17.00 698 680 40.0 36,317 35,360 2,080
Printing machine operators...................................... $17.54 $17.59 $702 $704 40.0 $36,491 $36,587 2,080
Cutting workers................................................... 13.14 13.25 526 530 40.0 27,337 27,560 2,080
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 13.14 13.25 526 530 40.0 27,337 27,560 2,080
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 14.72 15.25 589 610 40.0 30,627 31,720 2,080
Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 13.53 15.09 541 604 40.0 28,137 31,387 2,080
Helpers--production workers..................................... 13.51 13.42 540 537 40.0 28,104 27,914 2,080
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 13.59 14.25 582 570 42.8 30,087 29,640 2,213
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 14.93 15.66 657 682 44.0 34,149 35,464 2,288
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 16.27 16.00 744 749 45.7 38,688 38,958 2,377
Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 14.14 13.45 566 538 40.0 29,409 27,976 2,080
Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 13.77 14.25 554 570 40.3 28,832 29,640 2,093
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 15.59 16.25 624 650 40.0 32,424 33,800 2,080
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore,
a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another
firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard
pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all
workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half
of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week,
exclusive of overtime.
5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half
of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year,
exclusive of overtime.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for
categories not shown separately
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 12. Full-time(1) private industry workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, Reading,
PA, January 2007
Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5)
Occupation(2)
Mean Mean
Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual
hours hours
All workers........................................................... $18.46 $15.76 $743 $630 40.2 $38,361 $32,562 2,078
Management occupations.............................................. 42.28 35.21 1,725 1,408 40.8 89,687 73,231 2,121
Industrial production managers.................................... 37.72 34.44 1,509 1,378 40.0 78,465 71,639 2,080
Business and financial operations occupations....................... 28.82 27.40 1,162 1,067 40.3 60,447 55,494 2,098
Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 27.47 25.10 1,094 1,004 39.8 56,900 52,202 2,071
Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 34.59 36.93 1,383 1,477 40.0 71,942 76,812 2,080
Industrial engineers.......................................... 34.59 36.93 1,383 1,477 40.0 71,942 76,812 2,080
Education, training, and library occupations
Postsecondary teachers........................................... 41.48 35.41 1,659 1,416 40.0 63,261 59,506 1,525
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 24.83 21.92 968 845 39.0 50,353 43,930 2,028
Healthcare support occupations...................................... 12.20 11.48 466 459 38.2 24,219 23,885 1,986
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 9.17 9.24 355 360 38.7 18,457 18,743 2,012
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 13.50 12.25 546 460 40.4 27,083 23,920 2,006
Building cleaning workers......................................... 11.41 11.50 457 460 40.0 23,739 23,920 2,080
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 11.61 11.50 464 460 40.0 24,143 23,920 2,080
Sales and related occupations....................................... 17.57 13.41 689 536 39.2 35,845 27,891 2,040
Retail sales workers.............................................. 14.77 9.65 570 361 38.6 29,620 18,772 2,005
Retail salespersons............................................. 17.65 13.41 715 536 40.5 37,188 27,891 2,107
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 15.08 14.00 600 546 39.8 31,015 28,289 2,057
Financial clerks.................................................. 16.22 15.36 647 590 39.9 33,653 30,664 2,075
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 16.58 16.98 661 637 39.8 34,351 33,117 2,071
Customer service representatives.................................. 15.39 14.25 613 567 39.8 31,852 29,483 2,069
Order clerks...................................................... 16.09 13.00 668 520 41.5 34,727 27,040 2,158
Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 16.27 16.80 669 672 41.1 34,782 34,944 2,138
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 13.40 12.00 536 480 40.0 27,869 24,960 2,080
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 16.35 15.50 638 620 39.0 33,182 32,240 2,030
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 17.25 16.93 689 677 39.9 35,811 35,219 2,076
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 15.98 15.50 616 570 38.6 32,052 29,640 2,006
Office clerks, general............................................ 13.23 12.23 500 489 37.8 25,980 25,432 1,963
Construction and extraction occupations............................. 17.34 15.00 685 580 39.5 35,605 30,160 2,053
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 19.26 16.50 778 660 40.4 40,451 34,320 2,100
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance
workers.......................................................... 20.78 19.50 831 780 40.0 43,232 40,560 2,080
Production occupations.............................................. $15.79 $15.72 $631 $628 40.0 $32,838 $32,656 2,079
First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating
workers.......................................................... 23.52 24.00 990 1,080 42.1 51,487 56,167 2,189
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 14.58 14.41 583 576 40.0 30,331 29,973 2,080
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 14.58 14.41 583 576 40.0 30,331 29,973 2,080
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 13.53 14.00 541 560 40.0 28,139 29,120 2,080
Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal
and plastic...................................................... 17.81 15.85 713 634 40.0 37,055 32,968 2,080
Miscellaneous metalworkers and plastic workers.................... 18.27 19.08 731 763 40.0 38,004 39,682 2,080
Printers.......................................................... 17.46 17.00 698 680 40.0 36,317 35,360 2,080
Printing machine operators...................................... 17.54 17.59 702 704 40.0 36,491 36,587 2,080
Cutting workers................................................... 13.14 13.25 526 530 40.0 27,337 27,560 2,080
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders..... 13.14 13.25 526 530 40.0 27,337 27,560 2,080
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 14.72 15.25 589 610 40.0 30,627 31,720 2,080
Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 13.53 15.09 541 604 40.0 28,137 31,387 2,080
Helpers--production workers..................................... 13.51 13.42 540 537 40.0 28,104 27,914 2,080
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 13.59 14.25 586 572 43.1 30,455 29,765 2,240
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 14.93 15.66 657 682 44.0 34,149 35,464 2,288
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 16.27 16.00 744 749 45.7 38,688 38,958 2,377
Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 14.14 13.45 566 538 40.0 29,409 27,976 2,080
Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 13.77 14.25 554 570 40.3 28,832 29,640 2,093
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 15.59 16.25 624 650 40.0 32,424 33,800 2,080
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore,
a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another
firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard
pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all
workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half
of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week,
exclusive of overtime.
5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half
of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year,
exclusive of overtime.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for
categories not shown separately
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 13. Full-time(1) State and local government workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours,
Reading, PA, January 2007
Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5)
Occupation(2)
Mean Mean
Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual
hours hours
All workers........................................................... $25.93 $22.49 $961 $831 37.1 $43,215 $41,240 1,667
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 36.50 35.63 1,301 1,264 35.6 49,140 47,630 1,346
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 37.74 36.08 1,333 1,292 35.3 49,827 48,063 1,320
Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 37.94 36.08 1,316 1,261 34.7 49,237 46,918 1,298
Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 37.56 35.95 1,317 1,261 35.1 49,276 46,948 1,312
Protective service occupations...................................... 19.30 20.45 760 818 39.4 39,557 42,526 2,049
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 16.73 16.81 602 607 36.0 31,304 31,541 1,872
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore,
a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another
firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard
pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all
workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half
of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week,
exclusive of overtime.
5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half
of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year,
exclusive of overtime.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for
categories not shown separately
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 14. Size of establishment: Mean hourly earnings(1) of private industry
establishments for major occupational groups, Reading, PA, January 2007
1-99 100-499 500
Occupational group(2) Total workers workers workers
or more
All workers.................................. $17.25 $16.61 $17.44 $18.98
Management, professional, and related...... 29.75 31.04 27.64 30.25
Management, business, and financial...... 34.16 35.58 30.10 44.27
Professional and related................. 26.03 27.58 24.14 24.74
Service.................................... 10.32 9.46 12.37 –
Sales and office........................... 14.45 14.63 13.25 16.52
Sales and related........................ 13.98 14.50 9.43 –
Office and administrative support........ 14.73 14.75 14.73 14.68
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................... 18.31 18.23 16.52 –
Construction and extraction............. 17.38 17.67 – –
Installation, maintenance, and repair.... 19.26 19.14 18.25 –
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................... 14.49 12.62 14.88 16.53
Production............................... 15.39 13.17 15.52 17.22
Transportation and material moving....... 13.48 12.28 13.11 15.70
B
1-99 100-499 500
Total workers workers workers
or more
Occupational group(2)
Relative error(3)
(percent)
Relative error(3) (percent)
All workers........................................................... 3.7 5.9 5.7 4.3
Management, professional, and related............................... 4.8 7.6 7.9 5.4
Management, business, and financial............................... 7.2 10.8 6.7 7.7
Professional and related.......................................... 8.8 13.8 11.2 3.3
Service............................................................. 7.2 9.5 14.7 –
Sales and office.................................................... 3.9 5.1 8.5 6.7
Sales and related................................................. 12.4 12.1 6.8 –
Office and administrative support................................. 2.5 5.2 4.1 6.2
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 8.6 10.3 6.2 –
Construction and extraction...................................... 2.8 2.7 – –
Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 12.8 17.2 2.0 –
Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 3.5 7.7 6.5 6.4
Production........................................................ 1.4 12.1 4.0 9.5
Transportation and material moving................................ 6.1 9.8 10.7 2.9
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay,
cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays,
nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the
number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See
appendix B for more information.
3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used
to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 15. Establishments with fewer than 100 workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for
full-time(1) private industry workers, Reading, PA, January 2007
Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5)
Occupation(2)
Mean Mean
Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual
hours hours
All workers........................................................... $18.37 $15.32 $744 $603 40.5 $38,382 $31,200 2,089
Management occupations.............................................. 43.90 31.22 1,857 1,322 42.3 96,569 68,752 2,200
Business and financial operations occupations....................... 31.57 30.58 1,298 1,180 41.1 67,520 61,360 2,139
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 9.15 9.01 353 360 38.6 18,361 18,743 2,007
Sales and related occupations....................................... 18.15 15.08 708 603 39.0 36,816 31,368 2,029
Retail sales workers.............................................. 16.12 12.50 615 438 38.2 31,994 22,750 1,985
Retail salespersons............................................. 21.36 15.08 870 603 40.7 45,237 31,368 2,118
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 15.50 13.50 612 528 39.5 31,486 27,352 2,031
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 16.00 15.50 615 620 38.5 31,999 32,240 2,000
Construction and extraction occupations............................. 17.64 16.82 696 673 39.4 36,169 34,975 2,050
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 19.14 16.30 775 652 40.5 40,301 33,904 2,106
Production occupations.............................................. 14.12 13.91 560 556 39.7 29,144 28,933 2,065
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 12.44 11.33 577 519 46.4 29,991 26,964 2,412
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 14.44 15.62 646 626 44.7 33,602 32,562 2,326
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 15.92 15.81 752 784 47.2 39,110 40,742 2,456
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore,
a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another
firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard
pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all
workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half
of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week,
exclusive of overtime.
5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half
of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year,
exclusive of overtime.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for
categories not shown separately
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 16. Establishments with 100 workers or more: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for
full-time(1) private industry workers, Reading, PA, January 2007
Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5)
Occupation(2)
Mean Mean
Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual
hours hours
All workers........................................................... $18.56 $16.20 $741 $642 39.9 $38,338 $33,405 2,066
Management occupations.............................................. 41.31 37.56 1,650 1,502 39.9 85,803 78,121 2,077
Business and financial operations occupations....................... 25.93 24.52 1,026 960 39.6 53,337 49,942 2,057
Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 27.44 25.10 1,093 1,004 39.8 56,829 52,202 2,071
Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 30.82 33.58 1,233 1,343 40.0 64,106 69,842 2,080
Engineers......................................................... 34.57 35.88 1,383 1,435 40.0 71,911 74,620 2,080
Industrial engineers, including health and safety............... 34.59 36.93 1,383 1,477 40.0 71,942 76,812 2,080
Industrial engineers.......................................... 34.59 36.93 1,383 1,477 40.0 71,942 76,812 2,080
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 26.56 11.51 1,062 460 40.0 46,097 42,712 1,736
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 23.08 21.12 923 845 40.0 47,996 43,930 2,080
Healthcare support occupations...................................... 12.11 11.78 474 471 39.2 24,668 24,502 2,037
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 11.51 10.17 459 407 39.9 23,890 21,154 2,076
Building cleaning workers......................................... 11.36 10.12 454 405 40.0 23,626 21,050 2,080
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 11.69 10.17 468 407 40.0 24,318 21,154 2,080
Sales and related occupations....................................... 15.61 10.50 625 420 40.0 32,475 21,840 2,080
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 14.73 14.25 589 570 40.0 30,608 29,640 2,078
Financial clerks.................................................. 15.05 14.47 599 579 39.8 31,141 30,093 2,069
Customer service representatives.................................. 15.29 15.06 607 596 39.7 31,565 30,993 2,065
Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................... 16.27 16.80 669 672 41.1 34,782 34,944 2,138
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 12.61 11.87 504 475 40.0 26,219 24,690 2,080
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 16.87 14.25 674 570 39.9 35,042 29,640 2,077
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 19.68 18.31 787 732 40.0 40,941 38,081 2,080
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance
workers.......................................................... 19.93 18.95 797 758 40.0 41,453 39,416 2,080
Production occupations.............................................. 16.40 15.85 658 634 40.1 34,197 32,968 2,085
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......... 14.58 14.41 583 576 40.0 30,331 29,973 2,080
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers.................. 14.58 14.41 583 576 40.0 30,331 29,973 2,080
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 13.01 13.00 520 520 40.0 27,057 27,040 2,080
Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal
and plastic...................................................... 17.81 15.85 713 634 40.0 37,055 32,968 2,080
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............... 14.72 15.25 589 610 40.0 30,627 31,720 2,080
Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 14.05 15.24 562 610 40.0 29,228 31,699 2,080
Helpers--production workers..................................... 14.49 15.08 580 603 40.0 30,143 31,366 2,080
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... $14.85 $14.71 $594 $588 40.0 $30,889 $30,597 2,080
Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 14.27 14.60 571 584 40.0 29,673 30,368 2,080
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 15.59 16.25 624 650 40.0 32,424 33,800 2,080
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore,
a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another
firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard
pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all
workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half
of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week,
exclusive of overtime.
5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half
of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year,
exclusive of overtime.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for
categories not shown separately
Table 17. Union(1) and nonunion workers: Mean hourly earnings(2) for major occupational groups, Reading, PA, January 2007
Union Nonunion
Occupational group(3) Private State and Private State and
Civilian industry local Civilian industry local
workers workers government workers workers government
workers workers
All workers........................................................... $21.87 $16.00 $25.80 $17.39 $17.34 $20.04
Management, professional, and related............................... 31.17 – 32.93 30.22 30.22 30.26
Management, business, and financial............................... – – – 34.41 34.16 –
Professional and related.......................................... 31.70 – 33.65 26.39 26.69 –
Service............................................................. 15.75 – 15.93 10.26 10.29 9.04
Sales and office.................................................... 16.87 – – 14.45 14.42 –
Sales and related................................................. – – – 13.98 13.98 –
Office and administrative support................................. 16.87 – – 14.73 14.69 –
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 18.83 20.02 – 18.21 18.24 –
Construction and extraction...................................... 21.02 – – 16.94 16.97 –
Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. – – – 19.31 19.35 –
Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 15.85 15.85 – 14.16 14.17 –
Production........................................................ 15.32 15.32 – 15.41 15.41 –
Transportation and material moving................................ – – – 12.98 12.97 –
Union Nonunion
Private State and Private State and
Civilian industry local Civilian industry local
workers workers government workers workers government
workers workers
Relative error(4)
(percent)
Relative error(4) (percent)
All workers........................................................... 3.1 4.3 1.4 3.9 4.0 5.6
Management, professional, and related............................... 4.9 – 3.3 4.4 4.6 5.3
Management, business, and financial............................... – – – 7.0 7.2 –
Professional and related.......................................... 4.8 – 2.5 8.5 8.3 –
Service............................................................. 14.0 – 14.7 7.1 7.3 6.4
Sales and office.................................................... 4.7 – – 3.9 3.9 –
Sales and related................................................. – – – 12.4 12.4 –
Office and administrative support................................. 4.7 – – 2.6 2.6 –
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 9.5 13.2 – 8.2 8.3 –
Construction and extraction...................................... 8.5 – – 5.4 5.4 –
Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. – – – 12.8 13.0 –
Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 4.4 4.4 – 4.2 4.3 –
Production........................................................ 5.7 5.7 – 2.2 2.2 –
Transportation and material moving................................ – – – 6.3 6.4 –
1 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining.
2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments,
and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by
totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a
"confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria.
Table 18. Time and incentive workers(1): Mean hourly earnings(2) for major occupational groups, Reading, PA,
January 2007
Time Incentive
Occupational group(3)
Civilian Private Civilian Private
workers industry workers industry
workers workers
All workers........................................................... $17.78 $16.87 $21.10 $21.10
Management, professional, and related............................... 30.23 29.44 – –
Management, business, and financial............................... 33.58 33.73 – –
Professional and related.......................................... 28.37 26.10 – –
Service............................................................. 11.17 10.32 – –
Sales and office.................................................... 13.11 12.94 24.20 24.22
Sales and related................................................. 9.88 9.88 25.57 25.57
Office and administrative support................................. 14.53 14.38 20.48 20.51
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 17.26 17.24 – –
Construction and extraction...................................... – 17.38 – –
Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 17.44 17.51 – –
Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 14.86 14.87 12.25 12.25
Production........................................................ 15.55 15.55 – –
Transportation and material moving................................ 13.84 13.84 – –
Time Incentive
Civilian Private Civilian Private
workers industry workers industry
workers workers
Relative error(4)
(percent)
Relative error(4) (percent)
All workers........................................................... 3.1 3.7 16.5 16.6
Management, professional, and related............................... 4.3 5.7 – –
Management, business, and financial............................... 8.4 9.1 – –
Professional and related.......................................... 5.3 8.8 – –
Service............................................................. 6.8 7.2 – –
Sales and office.................................................... 2.9 3.0 11.2 11.2
Sales and related................................................. 7.1 7.1 13.6 13.6
Office and administrative support................................. 2.4 2.5 10.8 10.9
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 3.6 3.8 – –
Construction and extraction...................................... – 2.8 – –
Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 6.0 6.4 – –
Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 2.2 2.3 14.6 14.6
Production........................................................ 1.6 1.6 – –
Transportation and material moving................................ 3.2 3.2 – –
1 Wages of time workers are based solely on hourly rate or salary. Incentive workers are those whose wages are
at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses.
2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay,
cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays,
nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the
number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See
appendix B for more information.
4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used
to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria.
Table 19. Industry sector(1): Mean hourly earnings(2) for private industry workers by major occupational group, Reading, PA, January 2007
Goods producing Service providing
Occupational group(3) Trade, Profes- Education Leisure
Construc- Manufac- transpor- Infor- Financial sional and and Other
tion turing tation, mation activiti- and health hospital- services
and es business services ity
utilities services
All workers........................................................... - $18.14 $16.56 – - $20.51 - - $13.01
Management, professional, and related............................... - 31.34 44.41 – - 31.80 - - –
Management, business, and financial............................... - 34.30 48.68 – - – - - –
Professional and related.......................................... - 27.02 – – - – - - –
Service............................................................. - – 13.97 – - – - - –
Sales and office.................................................... - 17.28 13.74 – - 15.90 - - –
Sales and related................................................. - – 14.02 – - – - - –
Office and administrative support................................. - 17.02 13.23 – - 15.78 - - –
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... - 20.37 14.47 – - – - - –
Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. - 20.51 13.87 – - – - - –
Production, transportation, and material moving..................... - 15.37 14.57 – - 11.14 - - –
Production........................................................ - 15.84 – – - – - - –
Transportation and material moving................................ - 14.24 14.89 – - – - - –
B
Goods producing Service providing
Trade, Profes- Education Leisure
Construc- Manufac- transpor- Infor- Financial sional and and Other
Occupational group(3) tion turing tation, mation activiti- and health hospital- services
and es business services ity
utilities services
Relative error(4)
(percent)
Relative error(4) (percent)
All workers........................................................... - 2.8 5.1 – - 10.5 - - 18.8
Management, professional, and related............................... - 9.2 18.2 – - 8.5 - - –
Management, business, and financial............................... - 11.9 34.4 – - – - - –
Professional and related.......................................... - 4.1 – – - – - - –
Service............................................................. - – 19.8 – - – - - –
Sales and office.................................................... - 1.5 8.7 – - 4.4 - - –
Sales and related................................................. - – 14.4 – - – - - –
Office and administrative support................................. - .3 6.1 – - 4.3 - - –
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... - 1.8 5.2 – - – - - –
Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. - 2.1 4.6 – - – - - –
Production, transportation, and material moving..................... - 1.2 7.0 – - 9.0 - - –
Production........................................................ - .0 – – - – - - –
Transportation and material moving................................ - 3.1 6.8 – - – - - –
1 Industry sectors are determined by the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).
2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded
are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the
number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a
sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Appendix table 1. Number of workers(1) represented by the survey, Reading, PA, January 2007
Private State and
Occupational group(2) Civilian industry local
workers workers government
workers
All workers........................................................... 168,500 147,300 21,100
Management, professional, and related............................... 40,500 28,500 12,000
Management, business, and financial............................... 13,000 11,700 1,200
Professional and related.......................................... 27,500 16,800 10,700
Service............................................................. 34,100 28,500 5,600
Sales and office.................................................... 45,400 43,300 2,100
Sales and related................................................. 17,300 17,300 –
Office and administrative support................................. 28,100 26,000 2,100
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 14,400 13,300 1,100
Construction and extraction...................................... 5,500 4,900 –
Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 8,300 7,800 –
Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 34,100 33,800 –
Production........................................................ 18,700 18,700 –
Transportation and material moving................................ 15,400 15,100 –
1 The number of workers represented by the survey are rounded to the nearest 100. Estimates of the
number of workers provide a description of size and composition of the labor force included in the
survey. Estimates are not intended, however, for comparison to other statistical series to measure
employment trends or levels.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)
system. See appendix B for more information.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Appendix table 2. Survey establishment response, Reading, PA, January 2007
Private State and
Establishments Total industry local
government
Total in sampling frame(1)............................................ 8,271 7,996 275
Total in sample....................................................... 235 221 14
Responding........................................................ 137 123 14
Refused or unable to provide data................................. 61 61 0
Out of business or not in survey scope............................ 37 37 0
1 The list of establishments from which the survey sample was selected (sampling frame) was developed
from State unemployment insurance reports and is based on the 2002 North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS). For private industries, an establishment is usually a single physical
location. For State and local governments, an establishment is defined as all locations of a government
entity.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Last Modified Date: October 1, 2007
