National Safety Alert No. 6
November 5, 2002
Cellular
Phones and
Other
Risks in
Classified
Areas
This National Safety Alert
provides an update to National Safety Alert No. 5, Cell Phone Results in
Fire, dated March 6, 2002, which addressed a flash fire on a platform in the
Gulf of Mexico OCS. As detailed in National Safety Alert No. 5, a contract
panel specialist was working on an open platform master control panel
that used supply gas for the instrumentation. The contractor
stated he
was carrying a cellular phone that was turned
on and rang while he was working on the panel. The employee claimed that
when he flipped the bottom piece of the cellular phone to answer the call, a
flash fire occurred causing second degree burns on his forearms and
“sunburn” on his nose and cheeks. At the time National Safety Alert No. 5
was issued, it was believed that the cellular phone may have ignited the
flammable gases or vapors in the area of the open platform master control
panel when the phone had been flipped open to receive the incoming call.
Both the MMS and the lessee conducted independent investigations of this
incident. MMS determined that the platform master control panel was plumbed
with poly flow tubing. After the flash fire occurred, the tubing was found
to be split. Thus the panel instrument gas leaking from the split tubing
provided a source of fuel for the flash fire.
As part of the lessee’s
investigation of this fire,
they sent the hand held cellular phone involved in the
flash fire to an independent third party testing laboratory.
At the laboratory, the
cellular phone and an identical model phone were tested in an explosive
environment under worst case conditions. These tests consisted of placing
the phone in a test chamber containing an explosive mixture of
oxygen-enriched propane and methane. Inside the test chamber the following
phone functions were implemented:
-
The phone was turned on and off
-
The phone was open and
closed with the power on
-
Incoming and outgoing calls
were made
-
The two-way paging function was
activated
-
The battery was removed abruptly
with the power on
-
The battery was removed and
installed with the power off
Although the cellular
phones’ battery provided sufficient energy to ignite the test gases during
the testing it did not. As a result, it was the opinion of the independent
third party testing laboratory that it is unlikely that the cellular phone
would have ignited a flammable mixture of methane or propane under actual
field conditions and that
the cause of the flash fire was something other
than the cell phone.
Based on this information and MMS’s investigation, we were unable to
conclusively identify the ignition source of the fire. However, we have not
ruled out the possibility that the fire could have been ignited by static
electricity, a spark from the metal master control panel door coming into
contact with a metal handrail, or a wrench striking metal inside the control
panel.
To prevent similar incidents in the future, MMS recommends the following:
-
Lessees should conduct comprehensive job safety analyses before assigning
tasks that require work in classified areas in a hydrocarbon environment.
-
Class 1, Division 1 locations such as main panel cabinets should be
clearly labeled with a warning about the presence of flammable vapors.
-
Lessees should verify that appropriate material is used for plumbing
hydrocarbon media control panels.
-
Lessees should be aware that cell phones, electronic devices, and
electronic instruments may create an ignition source in a classified area.
Lessees should train their personnel in the use of these devices in a
hydrocarbon environment and issue hot work permits as required for safe
operations.
- Use of intrinsically
safe portable electronic equipment that use low capacitance components,
special board layouts, and encapsulation techniques which meet stringent
standards (e.g., API RP 14F and 14FZ) for use in hazardous environments
should be considered.
For further information, please contact David Nedorostek, (703) 787-1029.
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02/01/2006,
12:48 PM
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