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gfdl's home page > gfdl on-line bibliography > Isaac Held

isaac held

Held, Isaac


  1. Held, I., and M. Zhao, 2008: Horizontally homogeneous rotating radiative-convective Equilibria at GCM resolution. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 65(6), 2003-2013.

    2. Abstract / PDF

  2. Kang, S. M., I. M. Held, D. M. W. Frierson, and M. Zhao, 2008: The response of the ITCZ to extratropical thermal forcing: Idealized slab-ocean experiments with a GCM. Journal of Climate, 21(14), 3521-3532.

    3. Abstract / PDF

  3. Knutson, T. R., J. J. Sirutis, S. T. Garner, G. A. Vecchi, and I. M. Held, 2008: Simulated reduction in Atlantic hurricane frequency under twenty-first-century warming conditions. Nature Geoscience, 1, 359-364.

    4. Abstract / PDF

  4. Soden, B. J., I. M. Held, R. Colman, K. M. Shell, J. T. Kiehl, and C. A. Shields, 2008: Quantifying climate feedbacks using radiative kernels. Journal of Climate, 21(14), 3504-3520.

    5. Abstract / PDF

  5. Chen, G., and I. M. Held, 2007: Phase speed spectra & the recent poleward shift of Southern Hemisphere surface westerlies. Geophysical Research Letters, 34, L21805, doi:10.1029/2007GE031200.

    6. Abstract / PDF

  6. Chen, G., I. M. Held, and W. A. Robinson, 2007: Sensitivity of the latitude of the Surface Westerlies to surface friction. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 64(8), 2899-2915.

    7. Abstract / PDF

  7. Christensen, J. H., I. Held, et al., 2007: Regional Climate Projections. In, Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis.  Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K. B. Averyt, M. Tignor, and H. L. Miller (eds.)].  Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, 847-940.

    8. [No abstract]

  8. Frierson, D. M. W., I. Held, and P. Zurita-Gotor, 2007: A gray-radiation aquaplanet moist GCM. Part II: Energy transports in altered climates. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 64(5), 1680-1693.

    9. Abstract / PDF

  9. Garner, S. T., D. M. W. Frierson, I.. M. Held, O. Pauluis, and G. K. Vallis, 2007: Resolving convection in a global Hypohydrostatic model. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 64(6), 2061-2075.

    10. Abstract / PDf

  10. Held, I., 2007: Progress and problems in large-scale atmospheric dynamics. In The Global Circulation of the Atmosphere, T. Schneider & A. Sobel, eds., Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Press, 1-21.

    11. [No abstract]

  11. Held, I. M., M. Zhao, and B. Wyman, 2007: Dynamic radiative-convective equilibria using GCM column physics. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 64(1), 228-238.

    12. Abstract / PDF

  12. Jiang, X., N-C. Lau, I. M. Held, and J. J. Ploshay, 2007: Mechanisms of the Great Plains low-level jet as simulated in an AGCM. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 64(2), 532-547.

    13. Abstract / PDF

  13. Knutson, T. R., J. J. Sirutis, S. T. Garner, I. M. Held, and R. E. Tuleya, 2007: Simulation of the recent multidecadal increase of Atlantic Hurricane activity using an 18-km-Grid Regional Model. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 88(10), 1549-1565.

    14. Abstract / PDF

  14. Lee, M-I., S. D. Schubert, M.J. Suarez, I.M. Held, A.Kumar, T.L. Bell, J-K E. Schemm, N-C Lau, J. J. Ploshay,  H-K Kim, and S-H Yoo, 2007: Sensitivity to horizontal resolution in the AGCM simulations of warm season diurnal cycle of precipitation over the United States and Northern Mexico. Journal of Climate, 20(9), 1862-1881.

    15. Abstract / PDF

  15. Lee, M-I., S. D. Schubert, M.J. Suarez, I.M. Held, N-C Lau, J. J. Ploshay, A.Kumar, H-K. Kim, and J-K E. Schemm, 2007: An analysis of the warm-season diurnal cycle over the continental United States and Northern Mexico in general circulation models.. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 8(3), 344-366.

    16. Abstract / PDF

  16. Seager, R., M. Ting, I. Held, Y. Kushnir, J. Lu, G. Vecchi, H-P Huang, N. Harnik, A. Leetmaa, N-C. Lau, C. Li, J. Velez, and N. Naik, 2007: Model projections of an imminent transition to a more arid climate in southwestern North America. Science, 316(5828), 1181-1184.

    17. Abstract / PDF

  17. Zhang, R., T. L. Delworth, and I. M. Held, 2007: Can the Atlantic Ocean drive the observed multidecadal variability in Northern Hemisphere mean temperature? Geophysical Research Letters, 34, L02709, doi:10.1029/2006GL028683.

    18. Abstract / PDF

  18. Delworth, T. L., A. Rosati, R. J. Stouffer, K. W. Dixon, J. Dunne, K. Findell, P. Ginoux, A. Gnanadesikan, C. T. Gordon, S. M. Griffies, R. Gudgel, M. J. Harrison, I. M. Held, R. S. Hemler, L. W. Horowitz, S. A. Klein, T. R. Knutson, S-J. Lin, P. C. D. Milly, V. Ramaswamy, M. D. Schwarzkopf, J. J. Sirutis, W. F. Stern, M. J.  Spelman, M. Winton, A. T. Wittenberg, B. Wyman, et al., 2006: GFDL's CM2 Global Coupled Climate Models. Part I: Formulation and simulation characteristics. Journal of Climate, 19(5), 643-674.

    19. Abstract / PDF

  19. Frierson, D. M. W., I. M. Held, and P. Zurita-Gotor, 2006: A Gray-Radiation Aquaplanet moist GCM. Part I: Static stability and eddy scale. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 63(10), 2548-2566.

    20. Abstract / PDF

  20. Gnanadesikan, A., K. W. Dixon, S. M. Griffies, T. L. Delworth, M. J. Harrison, I. M. Held, W. J. Hurlin, R. C. Pacanowski, A. Rosati, B. L. Samuels, M. J. Spelman,  R. J. Stouffer, M. Winton, A. T. Wittenberg, and J. P. Dunne, et al., 2006: GFDL's CM2 Global Coupled Climate Models. Part II: The baseline ocean simulation. Journal of Climate, 19(5), 675-697.

    21. Abstract / PDF

  21. Held, I. M., and B. J. Soden, 2006: Robust responses of the hydrological cycle to global warming. Journal of Climate, 19(21), 5686-5699.

    22. Abstract / PDF

  22. Knutson, T. R., T. L. Delworth, K. W. Dixon, I.  M. Held, J. Lu, V. Ramaswamy, M. D. Schwarzkopf, G. Stenchikov, and R. J. Stouffer, 2006: Assessment of Twentieth-Century regional surface temperature trends using the GFDL CM2 coupled models. Journal of Climate, 10(9), 1624-1651.

    23. Abstract / PDF

  23. Soden, B. J., and I. M. Held, 2006: An assessment of climate feedbacks in coupled ocean-atmosphere models. Journal of Climate, 19(14), 3354-3360.

    24. Abstract / PDF / Corrigendum

  24. Stouffer, R. J., T. L. Delworth, K. W. Dixon, R. Gudgel, I. Held, R. Hemler, T. Knutson, M. D. Schwarzkopf, M. J. Spelman, M. W. Winton, A. J. Broccoli, H-C. Lee, F. Zeng, and B. Soden, 2006: GFDL's CM2 global coupled climate models. Part IV: Idealized climate response. Journal of Climate, 19(5), 723-740.

    25. Abstract / PDF

  25. Sun, D.-Z., T. Zhang, C. Covey, S. A. Klein, W. D. Collins, J. J. Hack, J. T. Kiehl, G. A. Meehl, I. M. Held, and M. Suarez, 2006: Radiative and dynamical feedbacks over the equatorial cold tongue: Results from nine atmospheric GCMs. Journal of Climate, 19(16), 4059-4074.

    26. Abstract / PDF

  26. Vecchi, G. A., B. J. Soden, A. T. Wittenberg, I. M. Held, A. Leetmaa, and M. J. Harrison, 2006:   Weakening of tropical Pacific atmospheric circulation due to anthropogenic forcing. Nature, 441(7089), 73-76.

    27. Abstract / PDF

  27. Wyant, M. C., C. S. Bretherton, J. T. Backmeister, J. T. Kiehl, I. M. Held, M. Zhao, S. A. Klein, and B. J. Soden, 2006: A comparison of low-latitude cloud properties and their response to climate change in three AGCMs sorted into regimes using mid-tropospheric vertical velocity. Climate Dynamics, 27(2-3), 261-279.

    28. Abstract / PDF

  28. Galewsky, J., A. Sobel, and I. Held, 2005: Diagnosis of subtropical humidity dynamics using tracers of last saturation. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 62(9), 3353-3367.

    29. Abstract / PDF

  29. Held, I. M., 2005: The gap between simulation and understanding in climate modeling. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 86(11), 1609-1614.

    30. Abstract / PDF

  30. Held, I. M., T. L. Delworth, J. Lu, K. L. Findell, and T. R. Knutson, 2005: Simulation of Sahel drought in the 20th and 21st centuries. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102(50), 17891-17896.

    31. Abstract / PDF

  31. Tian, B., I. M. Held, N-C. Lau, and B. J. Soden, 2005: Diurnal cycle of summertime deep convection over North America: A satellite perspective. Journal of Geophysical Research, 110, D08108, doi:10.1029/2004JD005275.

    32. Abstract / PDF

  32. The GFDL Global Atmospheric Model Development Team, 2004: The new GFDL global atmosphere and land model AM2-LM2: Evaluation with prescribed SST simulations. Journal of Climate, 17(24), 4641-4673.

    33. Abstract / PDF

  33. Grianik, N., I. M. Held, K. S. Smith, and G. K. Vallis, 2004: The effects of quadratic drag on the inverse cascade of two-dimensional turbulence. Physics of Fluids, 16(1), 73-78.

    34. Abstract

  34. Lapeyre, G. and I. M. Held, 2004: The role of moisture in the dynamics and energetics of turbulent baroclinic eddies. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 61(14), 1693-1710.

    35. Abstract / PDF

  35. Shell, K. M. and I. M. Held, 2004: Abrupt transition to strong superrotation in an axisymmetric model of the upper troposphere. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 61(23), 2928-2935.

    36. Abstract / PDF

  36. Lapeyre, G., and I. M. Held, 2003: Diffusivity, kinetic energy dissipation, and closure theories for the poleward eddy heat flux.  Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 60(23), 2907-2916.

    37. Abstract / PDF

  37. Schneider, T., I. M. Held, and S. T. Garner, 2003: Boundary effects in potential vorticity dynamics.  Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 60(8), 1024-1040.

    38. Abstract / PDF

  38. Held, I. M., M. Ting, and H. Wang, 2002: Northern winter stationary waves: theory and modeling. Journal of Climate, 15(16), 2125-2144.

    39. Abstract / PDF

  39. Pauluis, O., and I. M. Held, 2002: Entropy budget of an atmosphere in radiative-convective equilibrium. Part I: Maximum work and frictional dissipation. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 59(2), 125-139.

    40. Abstract / PDF

  40. Pauluis, O., and I. M. Held, 2002: Entropy budget of an atmosphere in radiative-convective equilibrium. Part II: Latent heat transport and moist processes. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 59(2), 140-149.

    41. Abstract / PDF

  41. Smith, K. S., G. Boccaletti, C. C. Henning, I. Marinov, C. Y. Tam, I. M. Held, and G. K. Vallis, 2002: Turbulent diffusion in the geostrophic inverse cascade.  Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 469, 13-48.

    42. Abstract / PDF

  42. Sobel, A. H., I. M. Held, and C. S. Bretherton, 2002: The ENSO signal in tropical tropospheric temperature. Journal of Climate, 15(18), 2702-2706.

    43. Abstract / PDF

  43. Held, I. M., 2001: The partitioning of the poleward energy transport between the tropical ocean and atmosphere. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 58(8), 943–948.

    44. Abstract PDF

  44. Kushner, P. J., I. M. Held, and T. L. Delworth, 2001: Southern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation response to global warming. Journal of Climate, 14(10), 2238-2249.

    45. Abstract / PDF

  45. Pauluis, O., V. Balaji, and I. M. Held, 2001: Reply. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 58(9), 1178-1179.

    46. PDF

  46. Schneider, T., and I. M. Held, 2001:  Discriminants of Twentieth-Century changes in earth surface temperatures. Journal of Climate, 14(3), 249-254.

    47. Abstract / PDF

  47. Stocker, T. F., G. K. C. Clarke, H. Le Treut, R. S. Lindzen, V. P. Meleshko, R. K. Mugara, T. N. Palmer, R. T. Pierrehumbert, P. J. Sellers, K. E. Trenberth, J. Willebrand, R. B. Alley, O. E. Anisimov, C. Appenzeller, R. G. Barry, J. J. Bates, R. Bindschadler, G. B. Bonan, C. W. Böning, S. Bony, H. Bryden, M. A. Cane, J. A. Curry, T. Delworth, A. S. Denning, R. E. Dickinson, K. Echelmeyer, K. Emanuel, G. Flato, I. Fung, M. Geller, P. R. Gent, S. M. Griffies, I. Held, A. Henderson-Sellers, A. A. M. Holtslag, F. Hourdin, J. W. Hurrell, V. M. Kattsov, P. D. Killworth, Y. Kushnir, W. G. Large, M. Latif, P. Lemke, M. E. Mann, G. Meehl, U. Mikolajewicz, W. O'Hirok, C. L. Parkinson, A. Payne, A. Pitman, J. Polcher, I. Polyakov, V. Ramaswamy, P. J. Rasch, E. P. Salathe, C. Schär, R. W. Schmitt, T. G. Shepherd, B. J. Soden, R. W. Spencer, P. Taylor, A. Timmermann, K. Y. Vinnikov, M. Visbeck, S. E. Wijffels, and M. Wild, 2001: Physical climate processes and feedbacks. In Climate Change 2001: Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 418-470.

    48. [No abstract]

  48. Held, I. M., and B. J. Soden, 2000: Water vapor feedback and global warming. Annual Review of Energy and the Environment, 25, 441-475.

    49. Abstract / PDF

  49. Paulius, O., V. Balaji, and I. M. Held, 2000: Frictional dissipation in a precipitating atmosphere. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 57(7),  989-994.

    50. Abstract / PDF

  50. Delworth, T. L., A. J. Broccoli, K. Dixon, I. Held, T. R. Knutson, P. J. Kushner, M. J. Spelman, R. J. Stouffer, K. Y. Vinnikov, and R. E. Wetherald, 1999: Coupled climate modelling at GFDL: Recent accomplishments and future plans. Clivar Exchanges, 4(4), 15-20.

    51. PDF

  51. Held, Isaac M., 1999: The macroturbulence of the troposphere. Tellus, 51A-B(1), 59-70.

    52. Abstract / PDF

  52. Held, Isaac M., 1999: Planetary waves and their interaction with smaller scales. In The Life Cycles of Extratropical Cyclones, Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, 359 pp.

    53. [No abstract]

  53. Held, I. M., and T. Schneider, 1999: The surface branch of the zonally averaged mass transport circulation in the troposphere. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 56(11), 1688-1697.

    54. Abstract / PDF

  54. Kushner, P. J., and I. M. Held, 1999: Potential vorticity thickness fluxes and wave-mean flow interaction. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 56(7), 948-958.

    55. Abstract / PDF

  55. Zhang, Y., and I. M. Held, 1999: A linear stochastic model of a GCM's midlatitude storm tracks. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 56(19), 3416-3435.

    56. Abstract / PDF

  56. Kushner, P. J., and I. M. Held, 1998: A test, using atmospheric data, of a method for estimating oceanic eddy diffusivity. Geophysical Research Letters, 25(22), 4213-4216.

    57. Abstract / PDF

  57. Swanson, K. L., P. J. Kushner, and I. M. Held, 1997: Dynamics of barotropic storm tracks. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 54(7), 791-810.

    58. Abstract / PDF

  58. Treguier, A. M., I. M. Held, and V. D. Larichev, 1997: Parameterization of quasigeostrophic eddies in primitive equation ocean models. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 27(4), 567-580.

    59. Abstract / PDF

  59. Held, I. M., and V. D. Larichev, 1996: A scaling theory for horizontally homogeneous, baroclinically unstable flow on a Beta plane. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 53(7), 946-952.

    60. PDF

  60. Kushnir, Y., and I. M. Held, 1996: Equilibrium atmospheric response to North Atlantic SST anomalies. Journal of Climate, 9(6), 1208-1220.

    61. Abstract / PDF

  61. Pavan, V., and I. M. Held, 1996: The diffusive approximation for eddy fluxes in baroclinically unstable jets. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 53(9), 1262-1272.

    62. Abstract / PDF

  62. Sun, D-Z, and I. M. Held, 1996: A comparison of modeled and observed relationships between interannual variations of water vapor and temperature. Journal of Climate, 9(4), 665-675.

    63. Abstract / PDF

  63. Brantstator, G., and I. M. Held, 1995: Westward propagating normal modes in the presence of stationary background waves. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 52(2), 247-262.

    64. Abstract / PDF

  64. Held, I. M., R. T. Pierrehumbert, S. T. Garner, and K. L. Swanson, 1995: Surface quasi-geostrophic dynamics. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 282, 1-20.

    65. Abstract / PDF

  65. Larichev, V. D., and I. M. Held, 1995: Eddy amplitudes and fluxes in a homogenous model of fully developed baroclinic instability. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 25(10), 2285-2297.

    66. Abstract / PDF

  66. Held, I. M., and M. J. Suarez, 1994: A proposal for the intercomparison of the dynamical cores of atmospheric general circulation models. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 75(10), 1825-1830.

    67. Abstract / PDF

  67. Kushnir, Y., and I. M. Held, 1994: The wintertime general circulation model response to North Atlantic SST anomalies. In The Atlantic Climate Change Program, Proceedings from the principal investigators meeting, NOAA; University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, 121-124.

    68. [No abstract]

  68. Phillipps, P. J., and I. M. Held, 1994: The response to orbital pertubations in an atmospheric model coupled to a slab ocean. Journal of Climate, 7(5), 767-782.

    69. Abstract / PDF

  69. Pierrehumbert, R. T., I. M. Held, and K. L. Swanson, 1994: Spectra of local and nonlocal two-dimensional turbulence. Chaos, Solitons, and Fractals, 4(6), 1111-1116.

    70. Abstract

  70. Held, I. M., 1993: Large-scale dynamics and global warming. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 74(2), 228-241.

    71. Abstract / PDF

  71. Held, I. M., R. S. Hemler, and V. Ramaswamy, 1993: Radiative-convective equilibrium with explicit two-dimensional moist convection. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(23), 3909-3927.

    72. Abstract  / PDF

  72. Held, I. M., and P. J. Phillipps, 1993: Sensitivity of the eddy momentum flux to meridional resolution in atmospheric GCMs. Journal of Climate, 6(3), 499-507.

    73. Abstract / PDF

  73. Lee, S., and I. M. Held, 1993: Baroclinic wave packets in models and observations. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(10), 1413-1428.

    74. Abstract / PDF

  74. Stephenson, D. B., and I. M. Held, 1993: GCM response of northern winter stationary waves and storm tracks to increasing amounts of carbon dioxide. Journal of Climate, 6(10), 1859-1870.

    75. Abstract / PDF

  75. Cook, K. H., and I. M. Held, 1992: The stationary response to large-scale orography in a general circulation model and a linear model. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 49(6), 525-539.

    76. Abstract / PDF

  76. Garner, S. T., N. Nakamura, and I. M. Held, 1992: Nonlinear equilibration of two-dimensional eady waves: a new perspective. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 49(21), 1984-1996.

    77. Abstract / PDF

  77. Held, I. M., and E. O'Brien, 1992: Quasigeostrophic turbulence in a three-layer model: effects of vertical structure in the mean shear. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 49(19), 1861-1870.

    78. Abstract / PDF

  78. Held, I. M., and E. O'Brien, 1991: Quasi-geostrophic turbulence in a three-layer model. In Preprints, Eighth Conference on Atmospheric and Oceanic Waves and Stability, Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, 7-8.

    79. [No abstract]

  79. Lee, S., and I. M. Held, 1991: Baroclinic wave packets in models and observations. In Preprints, Eighth Conference on Atmospheric and Oceanic Waves and Stability, Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, 71-72.

    80. [No abstract]

  80. Lee, S-Y., and I. M. Held, 1991: Subcritical instability and hysteresis in a two-layer model. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 48(8), 1071-1077.

    81. Abstract / PDF

  81. Randel, W. J., and I. M. Held, 1991: Phase speed spectra of transient eddy fluxes and critical layer absorption. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 48(5), 688-697.

    82. Abstract / PDF

  82. Tao, X., and I. M. Held, 1991: Interaction between the subtropic jet and Rossby waves in a multi-layer isentropic model. In Preprints, Eighth Conference on Atmospheric and Oceanic Waves and Stability, Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, 47-50.

    83. [No abstract]

  83. Fyfe, J., and I. M. Held, 1990: The two-fifths and one-fifth rules for Rossby wave breaking in the WKB limit. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 47(6), 697-706.

    84. Abstract / PDF

  84. Held, I. M., and P. J. Phillipps, 1990: A barotropic model of the interaction between the Hadley cell and a Rossby wave. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 47(7), 856-869.

    85. Abstract / PDF

  85. Held, I. M., and M. Ting, 1990: Orographic versus thermal forcing of stationary waves: The importance of the mean low-level wind. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 47(4), 495-500.

    86. Abstract / PDF 

  86. Ting, M., and I. M. Held, 1990: The stationary wave response to a tropical SST anomaly in an idealized GCM. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 47(21), 2546-2566.

    87. Abstract / PDF

  87. Feldstein, S. B., and I. M. Held, 1989: Barotropic decay of baroclinic waves in a two-layer beta-plane model. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 46(22), 3416-3430.

    88. Abstract / PDF

  88. Held, I. M., S. W. Lyons, and S. Nigam, 1989: Transients and the extratropical response to El Niño. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 46(1), 163-174.

    89. Abstract / PDF

  89. Nakamura, N., and I. M. Held, 1989: Nonlinear equilibration of two-dimensional eady waves. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 46(19), 3055-3064.

    90. Abstract / PDF

  90. Cook, K. H., and I. M. Held, 1988: Stationary waves of the ice age climate. Journal of Climate, 1(8), 807-819.

    91. Abstract / PDF

  91. Lau, N-C., I. M. Held, and J. D. Neelin, 1988: The Madden-Julian Oscillation in an idealized general circulation model. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 45(24), 3810-3832.

    92. Abstract / PDF

  92. Nigam, S., I. M. Held, and S. W. Lyons, 1988: Linear simulation of the stationary eddies in a GCM. Part II: The "mountain" model. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 45(9), 1433-1452.

    93. Abstract / PDF

  93. Panetta, R. L., and I. M. Held, 1988: Baroclinic eddy fluxes in a one-dimensional model of quasi-geostrophic turbulence. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 45(22), 3354-3365.

    94. Abstract / PDF

  94. Held, I. M., 1987: New conservation laws for linear quasi-geostrophic waves in shear. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 44(16), 2349-51.

    95. Abstract / PDF

  95. Held, I. M., and I-S. Kang, 1987: Barotropic models of the extratropical response to El Niño. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 44(23), 3576-3586.

    96. Abstract  / PDF

  96. I. M. Held, and P. J. Phillips, 1987: Linear and nonlinear barotropic decay on the sphere. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 44(1), 200-207.

    97. Abstract / PDF

  97. Neelin, J. D., and I. M. Held, 1987: Modeling tropical convergence based on the moist static energy budget. Monthly Weather Review, 115(1), 3-12.

    98. Abstract / PDF

  98. Neelin, J. D., I. M. Held, and K. H. Cook, 1987: Evaporation-wind feedback and low-frequency variability in the tropical atmosphere. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 44(16), 2341-2348.

    99. Abstract / PDF

  99. Panetta, R. L., I. M. Held, and R. T. Pierrehumbert, 1987: External Rossby waves in the two-layer model. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 44(20), 2924-2933.

    100. Abstract / PDF

  100. Held, I. M., R. T. Pierrehumbert, and R. L. Panetta, 1986: Dissipative destabilization of external Rossby waves. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 43(4), 388-396.

    101. Abstract/ PDF

  101. Kang, I-S., and I. M. Held, 1986: Linear and nonlinear diagnostic models of stationary eddies in the upper troposphere during northern summer. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 43(24), 3045-3057.

    102. Abstract / PDF

  102. Nigam, S., I. M. Held, and S. W. Lyons, 1986: Linear simulation of the stationary eddies in a general circulation model. Part I: The no-mountain model. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 43(23), 2944-2961.

    103. Abstract / PDF

  103. Held, I., 1985: Pseudomomentum and the orthogonality of modes in shear flows. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 42(21), 2280-2288.

    104. Abstract / PDF

  104. Held, I. M., and B. J. Hoskins, 1985: Large-scale eddies and the general circulation of the troposphere. Advances in Geophysics, 28A, 3-31.

    105. [No abstract]

  105. Held, I. M., R. L. Panetta, and R. T. Pierrehumbert, 1985: Stationary external Rossby waves in vertical shear. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 42(9), 865-883.

    106. Abstract / PDF

  106. Sardeshmukh, P. D., and I. M. Held, 1984: The vorticity balance in the tropical upper troposphere of a general circulation model. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 41(5), 768-778.

    107. Abstract / PDF

  107. Held, I. M., 1983: External Rossby waves and the barotropic response to stationary forcing. In Extended abstracts of papers presented at the IAMAP-WMO Symposium on Maintenance of the Quasi-Stationary Components of the Flow in the Atmosphere and in Atmospheric Models, Paris, August 29 - September 2, 1983, WMO, 53-54.

    108. [No abstract]

  108. Held, I. M., 1983: Stationary and quasi-stationary eddies in the extratropical troposphere: theory. In Large-scale Dynamical Processes in the Atmosphere, London; New York: Academic Press, 127-168.

    109. [No abstract]

  109. Held, I. M., and D. G. Andrews, 1983: On the direction of the eddy momentum flux in baroclinic instability. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 40(9), 2220-2231.

    110. Abstract / PDF

  110. Nigam, S., and I. M. Held, 1983: The influence of critical latitude on topographically forced stationary waves in a barotropic model. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 40(11), 2610-2622.

    111. Abstract / PDF

  111. Nigam, S., and I. M. Held, 1983: Linear and quasi-linear stationary waves: influence of a critical latitude. In Extended abstracts of papers presented at the IAMAP-WMO Symposium on Maintenance of the Quasi-Stationary Components of the Flow in the Atmosphere and in Atmospheric Models, Paris, August 29 - September 2, 1983, WMO, 279-282.

    112. [No abstract]

  112. Held, I. M., 1982: Climate models and the astronomical theory of the ice ages. Icarus, 50, 449-461.

    113. Abstract

  113. Held, I. M., 1982: On the height of the tropospause and the static stability of the troposphere. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 39(2), 412-417.

    114. Abstract / PDF

  114. Held, I. M., D. I. Linder, and M. J. Suarez, 1981: Albedo feedback, the meridional structure of the effective heat diffusivity, and climatic sensitivity: Results from dynamic and diffusive models. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 38(9), 1911-1927.

    115. Abstract / PDF

  115. Haidvogel, D. B., and I. M. Held, 1980: Homogeneous quasi-geostrophic turbulence driven by a uniform temperature gradient. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 37(12), 2644-2660.

    116. Abstract / PDF

  116. Held, I. M., and A. Y. Hou, 1980: Nonlinear axially symmetric circulations in a nealy inviscid atmosphere. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 37(3), 515-533.

    117. Abstract / PDF

  117. Suarez, M. J., and I. M. Held, 1979: The sensitivity of an energy balance climate model to variations in the orbital parameters. Journal of Geophysical Research, 84(C8), 4825-4836.

    118. Abstract / PDF

  118. Held, I. M., 1978: The tropospheric lapse rate and climatic sensitivity: Experiments with a two-level atmospheric model. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 35(11), 2083-2098.

    119. Abstract / PDF

  119. Held, I. M., and M. J. Suarez, 1978: A two-level primitive equation atmospheric model designed for climatic sensitivity experiments. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 35(2), 206-299.

    120. Abstract / PDF

  120. Held, I. M., 1975: Momentum transport by quasi-geostrophic eddies. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 32(7), 1494-1497.

    121. Abstract / PDF

  121. Held, I. M., and M. J. Suarez, 1974: Simple albedo feedback models of the icecaps. Tellus, 26(6), 613-629.

    122. Abstract
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