The Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, 42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq., Section 501, provides a general statement of the overall purposes of the Byrne Formula Grant Program and established 26 purpose areas that define the nature and scope of programs and projects that might be funded under it. Three other purpose areas have since been added. Frequently, Congress also uses other legislation (e.g., appropriations bills) to provide additional authorizations for limited periods (usually the current year only).

The following list identifies the Byrne Program purpose areas (currently 29) and examples of possible programs that may be supported with Byrne funds. This is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all possible programs. States are requested to use the most narrowly defined purpose area that encompasses their program concept.

Please note:

• Training and technical assistance programs should be placed under the purpose area most representative of the subject matter.
• Evaluation projects (i.e., efforts not funded from administrative funds), regardless of the subject of that evaluation, and research projects should be placed under purpose area #19.

(1) Demand reduction education programs in which law enforcement officers participate

• Demand Reduction Education (not D.A.R.E.)
• Drug Abuse Resistance Education (D.A.R.E.)
• Officer Training for D.A.R.E. Program

(Key: General or school-based education programs aimed at drug abuse prevention and involving law enforcement personnel; for gang-related programs, use purpose area #24)

(2)Multi-jurisdictional task force programs that integrate Federal, State and/or local drug law enforcement agencies and prosecutors for the purpose of enhancing interagency coordination and intelligence and facilitating multi-jurisdictional investigations

• Multi-jurisdictional/Regional Drug Task Forces
• Regional Violent Drug Trafficker Program
• Organized Crime/Narcotics Program
• Special Narcotics Prosecutor (in direct support of MJTF)
• Statewide Confidential Funds Pool
• Narcotics Surveillance Equipment and Training Program (if in support of multi-site enforcement programs)
• Drug Offenders Intelligence System (in direct support of MJTF)

(Key: Cooperative programs involving two or more separate law enforcement entities which have different jurisdictional responsibilities, with formal agreements to work together as a team to enforce drug laws, usually with a focus on mid- or high-level traffickers; prosecutorial projects must be clearly integrated with the operations of a MJTF to be included in this purpose area; contrast, purpose areas #7, #21 and #24; all gangs-related task forces should be placed under purpose area #24)

[NOTE: Not all programs falling within this purpose area are excluded from the operation of the Four Year Rule, but all drug enforcement task force programs eligible for exclusion from that rule should be categorized under this purpose area. The exclusion applies only to drug task forces.]

(3) Programs designed to target the domestic sources of controlled and illegal substances, such as precursor chemicals, diverted pharmaceuticals, clandestine laboratories and cannabis cultivations

• Pharmaceutical Diversion
• Clandestine Laboratories
• Marijuana Eradication
• Drug Identification (laboratory-based research studies)

(Key: Efforts directed to elimination or control of domestically-produced drugs through better technology or enhanced enforcement)

(4) Providing community and neighborhood programs that assist citizens in preventing and controlling crime, including special programs that address the problems of crimes committed against the elderly and special programs for rural jurisdictions

• Community Crime Prevention
• Crime Prevention through Environmental Design
• Neighborhood Watch
• National Night Out Against Crime
• Community Policing/Prosecution (see also purpose area #16)
• Drug-Impacted Rural Jurisdictions
• Reaching High Risk Youth through Outdoor Activities
• Senior Citizen Crime Prevention/Golden Alert Program
• Volunteers in Police Service Program

(Key: Crime prevention and/or drug demand reduction efforts initiated primarily by citizens or with heavy citizen involvement (e.g., community or church-based) or for the benefit of educating the public about prevention of crime or enhancing the ability of a community to prevent or reduce crime, with or without law enforcement involvement)

(5) Disrupting illicit commerce in stolen goods and property

• County Attorney's Office Property Crime Program
• Motor Vehicle Theft Prevention

(Key: Law enforcement (generally undercover) or other efforts targeted on fencing operations or criminal enterprises based on burglary and theft)

(6) Improving the investigation and prosecution of white-collar crime, [e.g, organized crime, public corruption crimes and fraud against the government with priority attention to cases involving drug-related official corruption]

• Reducing Drug Corruption in Police Departments
• Targeting White Collar Crime

(Key: Law enforcement and prosecution efforts directed at the designated crime categories (e.g., white collar crime or public corruption), which may or may not be directly related to drug crimes)

(7A) Improving the operational effectiveness of law enforcement through the use of crime analysis techniques, street sales enforcement, schoolyard violator programs, gang-related and low-income housing drug control programs

• Drug Task Force (single jurisdiction effort)
• Drug-free School Zone Enforcement
• Integrated Criminal Apprehension Program (ICAP)
• Arson Prevention and Control
• Preserving the Crime Scene
• Drug Dog/Canine Acquisition and Training/K-9 Unit
• Violent Fugitives Arrest Squad

(Key: General law enforcement enhancements, usually by a single governmental entity/agency, directed at the designated drug control problems and other serious crime problems; contrast, purpose areas #17, #21, and#24)

(7B) Developing and implementing anti-terrorism plans for deep draft ports, international airports and other important facilities

• "Night Eyes" State Water Patrol
• Airport Anti-Terrorism Task Force

(8) Career criminal prosecution programs, including the development of model drug control legislation

• Career Criminal/Major Offender/Career Drug Offender Prosecution
• Narcotics Prosecution Unit (but use purpose area #2 if directly in support of MJTF)
• Model Drug Control Legislation (directed at offenders)
• Use of Civil RICO in Drug Enforcement

(9) Financial investigative programs that target the identification of money laundering operations and assets obtained through illegal drug trafficking, including the development of proposed model legislation, financial investigative training and financial information sharing systems

• Financial Investigations
• Assets Forfeiture Units
• Model Drug Control Legislation (directed at assets)

(10) Improving the operational effectiveness of the court process by expanding prosecutorial, defender and judicial resources and implementing court delay reduction programs

• Differentiated/Expedited Case Management
• Fast Track Prosecution/Fast Track Defense
• Drug Courts (specialized narcotics courtrooms; contrast, purpose area #20)
• Court Unification
• Pretrial Services Delivery (but use purpose area #15A if primary focus is drug testing or if focus is reducing jail crowding)
• Video Arraignment/Presentence Telecommunications Project

(Key: Improving court-based operations and adjudication agency management systems to allow more effective and efficient case processing; this purpose area addresses management and process improvement based on better utilization of personnel or case routing through means other than automation of files; the latter type of equipment-based enhancement should be placed under purpose area #15B)

(11) Programs designed to provide additional public correctional resources and improve the corrections system, including treatment in prisons and jails, intensive supervision programs and long-range corrections and sentencing strategies

• Intensive Supervision Probation and Parole
• Boot Camps
• Changing Attitudes through Physical Adventure
• Treatment in a Jail Setting
• Substance Abuse Treatment for Female Inmates
• Correctional Facilities Planning/Population Projections
• Sentencing Strategies Development

(12) Providing prison industry projects designed to place inmates in a realistic working and training environment which will enable them to acquire marketable skills and to make financial payments for restitution to their victims, for support of their own families and for support of themselves in the institution

• Prison/Jail Industries

(13) Providing programs which identify and meet the treatment needs of adult and juvenile drug-dependent and alcohol-dependent offenders

• Treatment for Drug Addicted Offenders
• Day Treatment Center for Juvenile Offenders
• Treatment Aftercare Unit
• DUI/DWI Rehabilitation and Training

(14) Developing and implementing programs which provide assistance to jurors and witnesses and assistance (other than compensation) to victims of crime

• One Day-One Trial/Jury Management Improvement
• Systems for Setting Juror Fees/Compensation
• Victim/Witness Program
• Offenders' Restitution for Victims
• Victim Assistance

[NOTE: Victim assistance programs are exempt from the Four Year Rule.]

(15A) Developing programs to improve drug control technology, such as pretrial drug testing programs, programs which provide for the identification, assessment, referral to treatment, case management and monitoring of drug-dependent offenders, and enhancement of State and local forensic laboratories

• Pretrial/Probation/Parole Drug Testing
• Statewide Urinalysis Testing
• Treatment Alternatives to Street Crimes (TASC)
• Forensic Laboratory Enhancement (but use purpose area #25 if DNA related)

(15B) Criminal justice information systems to assist law enforcement, prosecution, courts and corrections organizations (including automated fingerprint identification systems)

• Criminal Justice Records Improvement (CJRI)
• Criminal Justice Information Systems (CJIS)
• Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS)
• Prosecution Management Support Systems
• Management Information Systems (for administrative support)
• Metropolitan Criminal Intelligence System (but use propose area #2 if restricted solely to MJTF drug-related information)
• DUI Data Collection System

(Key: Process-oriented programs including technology development, focused on information systems development and management of records, particularly that leading to better dispositional information for the State's criminal history records system)

[NOTE: All projects funded pursuant to the State's CJRI Plan should be placed in purpose area #15B.]

(16) Innovative programs which demonstrate new and different approaches to enforcement, prosecution and adjudication of drug offenses and other serious crimes

• Firearms Trafficking/Control/Licensing Enforcement
• Community Justice Centers
• Penalty Litigation

(Key: Innovative or unique programs focused on drug, violent, or serious crimes, that are not typical of or similar to programs previously funded in the State or in other States, or programs giving an especially innovative "twist" on previous approaches to a problem; and, programs that cut across system components to involve law enforcement, courts, corrections, treatment, etc. and often non-criminal justice entities; community policing projects without substantial "seeding" aspects should be placed under purpose area #4)

[NOTE: Death penalty Federal habeas corpus litigation programs should be placed under this purpose area.]

(17) Addressing the problems of drug trafficking and the illegal manufacture of controlled substances in public housing

• Enforcement in Public Housing Developments
• Eliminating Crack Houses (in public housing)

(18) Improving the criminal and juvenile justice system's response to domestic and family violence, including spouse abuse, child abuse and abuse of the elderly

• Domestic/Family Violence Intervention
• Law Enforcement's Response to Domestic Violence
• Child Abuse Prosecution
• Responding to Sexual Abuse of Children
• Crimes Against the Elderly (in domestic settings; see also purpose area #4)

(19) Drug control evaluation programs which State and local units of government may utilize to evaluate programs and projects directed at State drug control activities

• Evaluation of Drug Control Programs
• Research and Evaluation

(20) Providing alternatives to prevent detention, jail and prison for persons who pose no danger to the community

• Alternatives to Incarceration
• House Arrest/Electronic Monitoring
• Drug Courts (directed to diverting offenders into treatment; contrast, purpose area #10)
• Restitution by Juveniles
• Community Service Labor Program
• User Accountability Sanctioning (not involving incarceration)

(21) Programs of which the primary goal is to strengthen urban enforcement and prosecution efforts targeted at street drug sales

• Street Sales/Street-level Narcotics Enforcement
• Drug Enforcement Enhancement
• Crack Houses/Nuisance Abatement Unit
• Reverse Sting Demand Reduction Enforcement
• Drug Recognition Training for Patrol Officers
• Motor Vehicle Officers' Watch for Drugs

(22) Prosecution of driving while intoxicated charges and the enforcement of other laws relating to alcohol use and the operation of motor vehicles

• Enhanced Prosecution of DWI Cases
• Diversion of DWI Offenders into Treatment

(23) Addressing the need for effective bindover systems for the prosecution of violent 16- and 17-year-old juveniles in courts with jurisdiction over adults for [certain enumerated violent crimes]

• Violent Juvenile Waiver to Adult Court Program
• Prosecutor’s Juvenile Bindover Unit

(24) Law enforcement and prevention programs that relate to gangs or to youth who are involved in or are at risk of involvement in gangs

• Gang Task Forces
• Specialized Gang Prosecutors
• Juvenile Gangs Involvement in Drug Trafficking
• Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT)

[NOTE: Multi-jurisdictional gang task forces are exempt from the Four Year Rule.]

(25) Developing or improving forensic laboratory capabilities to analyze DNA for identification purposes

• DNA Database Identification System
• DNA Laboratory Enhancement and Training Program

[NOTE: All programs must comply with current FBI promulgated DNA standards]

(26) To develop and implement antiterrorism training programs and to procure equipment for use by local law enforcement authorities

• Law Enforcement Officer Training in Anti-terrorism
• Enhancing Enforcement Capabilities for Responding to Terrorist Acts

(Key: Training and equipment enhancements necessary to allow law enforcement agencies to adequately respond to terrorism incidents; see also purpose area #7B)

Congress has authorized the use of Byrne funds to support the following type of program; this authorization applies only to the current award (FY 1997) and may or may not be available in future funding cycles:

Assisting in the litigation processing of death penalty Federal habeas corpus petitions

(Key: Assistance to prosecutors responding to habeas corpus petitions in death penalty cases from State prisoners being brought under Federal law)

[NOTE: This funding authorization has been available under several prior appropriations and has previously been treated as a separate, numbered purpose area even though it has not been made permanent by Congress. However, to avoid confusion and repeated changes of the number being used in the IPR system, BJA now asks states to place any death penalty litigation program under purpose area #16. IPR's filed in prior years for this type of program should be revised to change the authorization number to #16.]

(27) Improving the quality, timeliness, and credibility of forensic science services for criminal justice purposes

(28) Enforcing child abuse and neglect laws, including laws protecting against child sexual abuse, and promoting programs designed to prevent child abuse and neglect

(29) Establishing or supporting cooperative programs between law enforcement and media organizations, to collect, record, retain, and disseminate information useful in the identification and apprehension of suspected criminal offenders

Note: Congress has authorized the use of Byrne funds to support programs that assist in the litigation of death penalty federal habeas corpus petitions and for drug testing initiatives. This authorization applies to FY 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002 awards and may or may not be available in future funding cycles.