Midcourse Review  >  Table of Contents  >  Focus Area 1: Access to Quality Health Services  >  Disparities Table

Figure 1-2. Disparities Table for Focus Area 1: Access to Quality Health Services
Disparities from the best group rate for each characteristic at the most recent data point and changes in disparity from the baseline to the most recent data point.

Race and Ethnicity  |  Gender and Education  |  Income, Location, and Disability


Characteristics: Income, Location, and Disability
Population-based objectives Poor Near poor Middle/high income Summary index Urban or metropolitan Rural or non-metropolitan Persons with disabilities Persons without disabilities
1-1. Health insurance: < 65 years
(1997, 2003) The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix.Baseline data by race and ethnicity are for 1999.		 Decrease in disparity 10-49 percentage points (100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate) 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant
1-3a. Counseled about physical activity:
18+ years (2001)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix.		 Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate
1-3b. Counseled about diet and nutrition:
18+ years (2001)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix.		 The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate
1-3c. Counseled about smoking cessation:
18+ years (2001)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix.		 Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant
1-3d. Counseled about reduced alcohol
consumption: 18+ years (2001)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix.		 The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant
1-3f. Counseled about unintended pregnancy:
females 15-44 years (1995)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix.		 Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective.
1-3h. Counseled about management of menopause: females 45-57 years (2001)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate The group with the best rate for specified characteristic.
1-4a. Source of ongoing care: all ages
(1998, 2003)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix.Baseline data by race and ethnicity are for 1999.		 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Increase in disparity 10-49 percentage points (50-99 percent difference from the best group rate)
1-4b. Source of ongoing care: < 18 years
(1998, 2003)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix.Baseline data by race and ethnicity are for 1999.		 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Best group rate reliability criterion not met.
1-4c. Source of ongoing care: 18+ years
(1998, 2003)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix.Baseline data by race and ethnicity are for 1999.		 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate
1-5. Usual primary care provider
(1996, 1999)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix.		 Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate
1-6. Delays or difficulties in obtaining needed
health care (1996, 1999)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix.		 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate. Baseline data only. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate. Baseline data only. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Baseline data only. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate. Baseline data only. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate The group with the best rate for specified characteristic.
1-9a. Hospitalization for pediatric asthma:
< 18 years (1996)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix.		 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate: Median ZIP code income levels: $25,000 or less, $25,001-$35,000, and more than $35,000. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate: Median ZIP code income levels: $25,000 or less, $25,001-$35,000, and more than $35,000. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Median ZIP code income levels: $25,000 or less, $25,001-$35,000, and more than $35,000. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate: Median ZIP code income levels: $25,000 or less, $25,001-$35,000, and more than $35,000. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective.
1-9b. Hospitalization for uncontrolled diabetes:
18-64 years (1996)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix.		 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate: Median ZIP code income levels: $25,000 or less, $25,001-$35,000, and more than $35,000. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate: Median ZIP code income levels: $25,000 or less, $25,001-$35,000, and more than $35,000. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Median ZIP code income levels: $25,000 or less, $25,001-$35,000, and more than $35,000. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate: Median ZIP code income levels: $25,000 or less, $25,001-$35,000, and more than $35,000. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective.
1-9c. Hospitalization for immunization-preventable pneumonia or influenza: 65+ years (1996)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate: Median ZIP code income levels: $25,000 or less, $25,001-$35,000, and more than $35,000. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate: Median ZIP code income levels: $25,000 or less, $25,001-$35,000, and more than $35,000. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Median ZIP code income levels: $25,000 or less, $25,001-$35,000, and more than $35,000. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate: Median ZIP code income levels: $25,000 or less, $25,001-$35,000, and more than $35,000. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective.
1-10. Delay or difficulty in getting emergency care (2001)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate The group with the best rate for specified characteristic.
1-15a. Access to home health care: 65+ years with long-term care needs (2001)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Data not available. Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective.
1-15b. Access to adult day care: 65+ years with long-term care needs (2001)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. Data not available. Data not available. Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Data not available. Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Data not available. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective.
1-15c. Access to assisted living: 65+ years with long-term care needs (2001)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. Data not available. Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Data not available. Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Data not available. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective.
1-15d. Access to nursing home care: 65+ years with long-term care needs (2001)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. Data not available. Data not available. Data not available. Data not available. Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Data not available. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective.
1-16. Pressure ulcers: nursing home residents
(1997, 1999)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix.		 Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Data not available.

Notes:

Data for objectives 1-3g, 1-7a through h, 1-8a through t, 1-11a through g, 1-12, 1-13a through i, and 1-14a and b are unavailable or not applicable. Objectives 1-2 and 1-3e were deleted at the midcourse.

Years in parentheses represent the baseline data year and the most recent data year (if available).

Disparity from the best group rate is defined as the percent difference between the best group rate and each of the other group rates for a characteristic (for example, race and ethnicity). The summary index is the average of these percent differences for a characteristic. Change in disparity is estimated by subtracting the disparity at baseline from the disparity at the most recent data point. Change in the summary index is estimated by subtracting the summary index at baseline from the summary index at the most recent data point. See Technical Appendix for more information.


The best group rate at the most recent data point. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. The group with
the best rate
for specified characteristic.		 Most favorable group rate for specified characteristic, but reliability criterion not met. Most favorable group rate for specified characteristic, but reliability criterion not met. Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Best group rate reliability criterion not met.    
 
Percent difference from the best group rate
Disparity from the best group rate at the most recent data point. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant Less than 10 percent or not statistically significant 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate 10-49 percent 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate 50-99 percent 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate 100 percent or more
   
Increase in disparity (percentage points)
Changes in disparity over time are shown when the change is greater than or equal to 10 percentage points and statistically significant, or when the change is greater than or equal to 10 percentage points and estimates of variability were not available. Increase in disparity: 10-49 percentage points 10-49 Increase in disparity: 50-99 percentage points 50-99 Increase in disparity: 100 or more percentage points 100 or more
 
Decrease in disparity (percentage points)
Decrease in disparity: 10-49 percentage points 10-49 Decrease in disparity: 50-99 percentage points 50-99 Decrease in disparity: 100 or more percentage points 100 or more
Availability of data. Data not available. Data not available. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective.

* The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥ 10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix.
† Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix.
1 Baseline data by race and ethnicity are for 1999.
2 Data are for Asians or Pacific Islanders.
3 Baseline data only.
4 Median ZIP code income levels: $25,000 or less, $25,001-$35,000, and more than $35,000.

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