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Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards (ACRS)
ACRS Membership
ACRS History
ACRS Charter
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ACRS Organization

ACRS Membership

The ACRS is composed of individuals with a wide variety of engineering expertise. The membership currently includes expertise in nuclear engineering, risk assessment, chemistry, facility operations management, severe accident phenomena, materials science and metallurgy, digital instrumentation and control systems, thermal hydraulic and heat transfer, and mechanical, civil, and electrical engineering. Consultants are engaged to provide technical assistance on specific issues when required. ACRS members are appointed for four-year terms and normally serve no more than three terms.

Committee Members

Select one of the following names for biographical information about that member.

William J. Shack, Chairman
Mario V. Bonaca, Vice Chairman
Said Abdel-Khalik
George E. Apostolakis
J. Sam Armijo
Sanjoy Banerjee
Dennis C. Bley
Charles H. Brown, Jr.
Michael L. Corradini
Otto L. Maynard
Dana A. Powers
Harold Ray
Michael T. Ryan
John D. Sieber
John W. Stetkar

See also the Committee Membership Lists Since 1957.

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Said Abdel-Khalik

Dr. Said Abdel-Khalik earned his BS degree from Alexandria University , Egypt , in 1967 and both his PhD and MS degrees from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1973 and 1971, respectively. All degrees were in the field of Mechanical Engineering.

Following his PhD, Dr. Abdel-Khalik remained at the University of Wisconsin as a faculty member until 1987 when he joined the Georgia Institute of Technology as the Georgia Power Distinguished Professor. He was named the Southern Nuclear Distinguished Professor at Georgia Tech in 1993.

Over the past 30 years, Dr. Abdel-Khalik has supervised over one hundred graduate theses in both mechanical and nuclear engineering. He has published a textbook on accident and transient analysis for PWRs, several patents, and nearly 300 papers and publications including over 130 journal articles in leading journals in the thermal sciences area. His research has involved a wide range of areas in both mechanical and nuclear engineering combining a balanced mix between fundamental and applied research, both experimental and numerical, with direct interest to the mechanical and nuclear engineering communities. His current research deals with single and two-phase flow and heat transfer in high-power density systems.

Dr. Abdel-Khalik is a Fellow of both the American Nuclear Society and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. He is the recipient of the Glenn Murphy Award from the American Society for Engineering Education and the Outstanding Educator Award from the Georgia Institute of Technology.

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George E. Apostolakis

Dr. George E. Apostolakis received his Diploma in electrical engineering from the National Technical University in Athens in 1969 and his M.S. and Ph.D. degreed in engineering science and applied mathematics from the California Institute of Technology in 1973.

Dr. Apostolakis is a Professor of Nuclear Science and Engineering and of Engineering Systems at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Prior to joining MIT in 1995, he spent 21 years on the faculty at UCLA. He is the Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal Reliability Engineering and System Safety. Dr. Apostolakis organized the first two International Conferences on Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management (PSAM) in Beverly Hills (1991) and San Diego (1994). He is currently the secretary of the International Association for PSAM. His research interests include mathematical methods for risk and reliability assessment of complex technological systems, uncertainty analysis, infrastructure security, and multiple-stakeholder decision making.

He has received a number of honors and awards. In 1974, he was presented the Mark Mills Award, American Nuclear Society (ANS); in 1990, a Certificate of Appreciation, NRC; and in 1991, an Outstanding Service Award, Society for Risk Analysis. He is the recipient of the 1999 Tommy Thompson Award of the ANS Nuclear Installations Safety Division and of the Arthur Holly Compton Award in Education from the American Nuclear Society.  He was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2007.

Dr. Apostolakis is a Fellow of the ANS and the Society for Risk Analysis. He has been a consultant to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, the State of California, and Bechtel Power Corporation. He has also served on committees of the National Research Council and on a number of international committees. He is the author or co-author of over 150 publications.

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J. Sam Armijo

Dr. Sam Armijo earned his BS and MS degrees in Metallurgical Engineering from Texas Western College and the University of Arizona; and, his PhD degree in Materials Science from Stanford University.

Currently, Dr. Armijo is an Adjunct Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at the University of Nevada, Reno. He is internationally recognized as a technical expert in nuclear fuels, plant materials, water chemistry, and advanced nuclear power systems. Prior to his retirement in 1999, he worked for GE Nuclear Energy as General Manager of the Nuclear Fuel business and as Chief Technologist. In addition, he was President, GE-ENUSA Nuclear Fuels S.A. and Director, Japan Nuclear Fuel Co. Ltd.

Dr. Armijo has published over 40 technical papers on advanced nuclear power systems, materials technology and coolant technology in international journals and has received several patents.

Dr. Armijo invented and led the development of zirconium barrier fuel cladding used in boiling water reactors worldwide, and has received several awards for technical excellence. These include GE’s Steinmetz award and the W. J. Kroll Zirconium medal. Dr. Armijo was elected a Fellow of the American Nuclear Society in 1990 and has served as a senior advisor to TVA’s Browns Ferry Nuclear Safety Review Board and to the Argonne National Laboratory Reactor Analysis and Safety Division.

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Sanjoy Banerjee

Dr. Sanjoy Banerjee received both his PhD and BS in the field of Chemical Engineering. His PhD degree was earned from the University of Waterloo, Canada, in 1968 and his BS degree from IIT, Kharagpur, India, in 1965.

Sanjoy Banerjee is a Professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering, with a joint appointment in Mechanical Engineering at UC Santa Barbara. He served as chairman of the Department of Chemical engineering from 1984-1989. Prior to coming to UCSB, Dr. Banerjee was Westinghouse Professor of Engineering Physics at McMaster University and was Acting Director of the Applied Science Division at Atomic Energy of Canada. Dr. Banerjee’s research interests are related to multiphase and turbulent flows. He has written over 150 articles in archival journals and holds four patents. Dr. Banerjee is the recipient of numerous awards. Most recently, he was the DOW-M.M. Sharma Distinguished Visiting Fellow at the University of Bombay in 2003-2004. He presented the 1997 Annual Guest Lecture of the Council for Chemical Research in the Netherlands.

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Dennis C. Bley

Dr. Bley is president of Buttonwood Consulting, Inc., and principal of The WrethWood Group, with more than 30 years of experience in nuclear and electrical engineering, reliability and availability analysis. He has served on a number of technical review panels for NRC and Department of Energy programs and is a frequent lecturer in short courses for universities, industry, and government agencies. Dr. Bley holds a bachelor's in electrical engineering from the University of Cincinnati, and a doctorate in nuclear reactor engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In addition, he attended the U.S. Navy Nuclear Power School in 1968 and the Center College of Kentucky in 1963.

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Mario V. Bonaca, Vice Chairman

Dr. Mario V. Bonaca has over 30 years experience in the nuclear industry, first with Nuclear Steam Supply System (NSSS) designers, engaged in reactor analysis and plant design for U.S. and German projects, and later management of nuclear plant support in the areas of nuclear fuel, safety analysis, probabilistic risk assessment (PRA), radiological engineering, emergency planning, engineering programs, nuclear waste disposal, and nuclear safety and oversight. Throughout Dr. Bonaca's career in the nuclear industry, he has provided technical leadership on several key issues. He was a main contributor to the development of NSAC-125, "Guidelines for 10 CFR 50.59 Safety Evaluations." In the early 1980's he championed the use of plant specific PRA in support of nuclear plant operation. From 1983 to 1988, he was Chairman of the Millstone 3 Nuclear Review Board. In 1996, Dr. Bonaca lead the team assigned by the NU Nuclear Committee Advisory Team of the Board of Trustees to assess the fundamental causes of the decline of the NU plants and its nuclear program. In addition, in late 1996, Dr. Bonaca was appointed Chairman of the Nuclear Safety Assessment Board of the Millstone nuclear plants.

He has served as U.S. industry representative to the Paris based Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Nuclear Energy Agency PWG-5 on probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) from 1986 to 1990; and, as a member of the "Senior Experts on Severe Accident Management (SESAM)" from 1989 to 1995. In 1995, as Program Chairman, he hosted the SESAM International Specialist Meeting in Niantic, CT. In 1996 and 1997, he served as a member of the supervisory committee of the SWISRUS program, which included PRA and safety improvements of the Novovoronez nuclear power plant in Russia under the sponsorship of the Swiss Nuclear Safety Inspectorate. He has supported the Electric Power Research Institute as a member of the Nuclear Safety Analysis Center (NSAC) Task Force and as a member of the Nuclear Power Council.

Dr. Mario V. Bonaca, a native of Florence, Italy, received his Doctorate in Physics from the University of Florence in 1964.

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Charles H. Brown, Jr.

Mr. Charles H. Brown, Jr. earned his M.S. in Engineering and his B.S. in Electrical Engineering with Honors from the University of Louisville.

Currently, Mr. Brown is Senior Advisor for Electrical Systems with BMT Syntek Technologies, Inc.  Before his current employment, he spent 22 years as Director-Instrumentation and Control Division of the Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program with the Naval Sea Systems Command. He has more than 35 years of experience in engineering management involving policy setting, planning, and technical direction for reactor plant instrumentations, control, protection, and technical systems equipment design; development and systems integration; procurement; and long-term support programs management for all nuclear powered ships for the Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program of the U.S. Navy.

Mr. Brown is a Registered Professional Engineer, in the state of Virginia. He is a Senior Member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, and a Life Member of the American Society of Naval Engineers.

Charles Brown lives in McLean, Virginia, with his wife Gwendolyn. They have two successful children, Dr. Charles Brown, DDS, Cassandra Walsh (CPA), and three lovely grandchildren.

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Michael L. Corradini

Dr. Michael Corradini earned his BS degree in Mechanical Engineering at Marquette University in Milwaukee, WI, in 1975 and both his PhD and MS degrees in Nuclear Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, in 1978 and 1976, respectively.

Dr. Corradini is Professor and present Chair of the Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics program at the University of Wisconsin . He is also the Director of Wisconsin Institute of Nuclear Systems. He has more than 30 years of research experience in the areas of multi-phase fluid mechanics and heat transfer, nuclear reactor safety, severe accidents, reactor operation, energy policy, and nuclear waste disposal. Dr. Corradini has extensive research experience in phenomenology beyond the design basis accidents in light water reactors, including molten fuel coolant interactions, molten core-Concrete interactions, hydrogen generation, and containment response.

Dr. Corradini has served on various advisory committees, received numerous awards, authored two book chapters and one book (on multi-phase flow) and more than 200 technical papers. He was a Consultant to the ACRS from 1982 to 1997. During this time he was very insightful in providing assistance to the Committee on many technical issues associated with severe accident progression, source term, containment performance, and development of severe accident policy statement. Dr. Corradini is a Fellow of the ANS, a member of the National Academy of Engineering . In 2002 and 2003, he served as chairman of the Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board. In 2006, he was appointed to the Scientific advisory board to the French Civilian Atomic Energy Agency .

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Otto L. Maynard

Mr. Otto L. Maynard earned his BS degree in Aeronautical Engineering from Wichita State University in 1970 and spent 10 years in Aerospace before joining Westinghouse at the Naval Reactors Facility (NRF) in Idaho. At NRF, Mr. Maynard qualified as an instructor on the S1W Prototype Plant. Later, Mr. Maynard joined the staff at the Wolf Creek Generating Station in Kansas where he held numerous positions including Licensed Senior Reactor Operator, Plant Manager, Chief Nuclear Officer, and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Maynard’s other training and certifications include; Utility Executive Management Program at the University of Virginia’s Darden School of Business, USAF Accident Investigation and Safety Program through the University of Southern California, USAF Pilot Training, and USNRC Senior Reactor Operator’s License.

Currently, Mr. Maynard is retired but performs part-time consulting in the nuclear and aviation sectors of industry. He also participates on the Safety Review and Audit Board (off site nuclear safety review committee) for the Cooper Nuclear Station.

Mr. Maynard’s experience in the nuclear field is extensive. From 1982 until 2003, he held increasingly responsible positions at the Kansas Gas & Electric Company and the Wolf Creek Nuclear Operating Corporation. Responsibilities included Licensing, Environmental Management, Quality Assurance, Training, and Plant Operations. He retired as President and CEO in 2003. Prior to Wolf Creek, he was associated with the Westinghouse Naval Reactors Facility from 1980 until 1982. During that time, he assisted with the overhaul and refueling of the A1W prototype and qualified as an instructor on the S1W prototype. His background also includes 10 years in Aerospace during which he worked as a design engineer for Pratt & Whitney and a United States Air Force Aircraft Commander in the F-4E Fighter aircraft. Mr. Maynard also holds a Commercial Pilots License and is a certified SCUBA Diver.

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Dana A. Powers

Dr. Powers received his B.S. degree in Chemistry from the California Institute of Technology in 1970, and his Ph.D. degree in Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Economics in 1975 from the same institution.

Dr. Powers began his career with Sandia National Laboratories in 1974 as a Staff Member in the Chemistry and Metallurgy Division. He developed techniques for the hot pressing of metallothermic reaction mixtures and studied the nature of metallothermic reaction ignition. He was a consultant to the President's Commission on the accident at Three Mile Island.

From 1981 through August 1991, he was a Division Supervisor. He supervised experimental and analytic investigations of severe reactor accident phenomena on behalf of the NRC and the Department of Energy.

From August 1991 to March 1992, Dr. Powers was an Acting Department Manager. He managed conducting in-pile experiments, out-of-pile experiments and phenomenological modeling of nuclear reactor accidents and the development of plasma-facing components for fusion reactors.

Presently, Dr. Powers is a Senior Scientist, Nuclear Technology Center. He is responsible for the development of safety research programs for Department of Energy nuclear facilities. He is a member of the Chemical Reactions Subcommittee of the Tank Advisory Panel examining safety issues of radioactive wastes stored by the Department of Energy.

From 1986 through 1991, Dr. Powers served as a consultant on a variety of boards and committees, including the International Nuclear Safety Advisory Group (IAEA) on the Chernobyl Accident, and the Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards' Subcommittee on Class 9 Accidents. He was a member of the National Research Council Committee to Assess Safety and Technical Issues at Department of Energy Reactors, the National Research Council Steering Committee for the Workshop on Chemical Processes and Products in Severe Reactor Accidents, and the Department of Energy Advisory Committee on Nuclear Facility Safety.

Dr. Powers is a member of the American Chemical Society, the American Nuclear Society, and Tau Beta Pi. He has also written numerous publications.

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Harold Ray

Mr. Harold Ray earned his B.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of California, Los Angeles in 1963 and his M.S. degree from the California Institute of Technology in 1970.  He also earned a M.S. degree in Management from Claremont Graduate School in 1983.

Mr. Ray served as a reactor engineer in the Naval Reactors Division, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, during 1964-1969, during which time he completed the reactor engineering certification at the Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory.

Mr. Ray served as the Chief Nuclear Officer at Southern California Edison (SCE) from 1990 until his retirement in 2006.  As the Chief Nuclear Officer he was responsible for all nuclear facilities and programs, including operation, maintenance and modification of San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station and for the management of SCE’s ownership interest in Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station. He was also responsible for all power generating facilities, including nuclear and related fuel supplies and the wholesale purchasing and sale of electrical power and services. Mr. Ray enjoyed a successful career at SCE that spanned more than 36 years.

Following his retirement, Mr. Ray provided input and guidance concerning generating plant and market development as an executive consultant with SCE.

Mr. Ray is a Registered Professional Engineer in the state of California, and a member of the American Nuclear Society (ANS), the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, and Sigma Xi.  Mr. Ray is also a past President of the ANS and served in industry leadership positions as part of the Nuclear Energy Institute and at the Institute of Nuclear Power Operations. 

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Michael T. Ryan

Michael T. Ryan, Ph. D., C.H.P. received his Ph.D. in 1982 from the Georgia Institute of Technology where he was inducted into the Academy of Distinguished Alumni.  He graduated from Lowell Tech with a Bachelor’s degree in Radiological Health Physics and a Master’s degree in Radiological Sciences and Protection from the University of Lowell. Dr. Ryan was the 1998 recipient of the Francis Cabot Lowell Distinguished Alumni Award for Arts and Sciences from the University of Massachusetts Lowell.

Dr. Ryan is an independent consultant in radiological sciences and health physics.  He is an adjunct faculty member at Texas A & M University and Vanderbilt University. Dr. Ryan is the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal, Health Physics, and has served in this position since 2000.  He also served as Chairman of the External Advisory Board for Radiation Protection at Sandia National Laboratories from 1999-2007.

Dr. Ryan previously worked for Chem-Nuclear Systems, Inc., as Vice President and General Manager for operations and previously as Vice President for Regulatory Affairs for the low-level radioactive waste disposal and service facilities in Barnwell, South Carolina.  Dr. Ryan also spent 7 years in operational and environmental health physics at Oak Ridge National Laboratory.

Dr. Ryan served on the Technical Advisory Radiation Control Council for the state of South Carolina for 19 years.  He has been a member of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements since 1992.  He previously served on the faculty of the College of Health Professions at the Medical University of South Carolina. In 2002, Dr. Ryan was appointed and reappointed in 2006, to serve on the Advisory Committee on Nuclear Waste of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. He served three years as Chairman. He also served 9 years, 4 as Chairman, on the Scientific Review Group appointed by the Assistant Secretary of Energy to review the ongoing research in health effects at the former weapons complex sites in the Southern Urals.  He has also served on several Committees of the National Academy of Sciences.

In 1989, Dr. Michael Ryan received the Health Physics Society’s Elda E. Anderson Award, which is awarded each year to the one young member who has demonstrated excellence in research, discovery, and/or has contributed significantly to the field of health physics.  He is a certified Health Physicist, certified by the American Board of Health Physics, in comprehensive practice.  Dr. Ryan is also a diplomat in the American Academy of Health Physics.

Michael T. Ryan, Ph. D., C.H.P. is married to MaryGene Ryan and lives in Lexington, South Carolina.

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William J. Shack, Chairman

Dr. Shack received his B.S. degree in Civil Engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1964, and his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Applied Mechanics from the University of California-Berkeley in l965 and 1968, respectively.

In 1968, Dr. Shack joined the Mechanical Engineering Department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as an Assistant Professor.  He taught there until 1975.

In 1975, he joined the Argonne National Laboratory.  His work has included measurement and modeling of residual stresses, fracture mechanics analyses of stress corrosion crack growth, assessment of leak-before-break behavior in piping systems, and fatigue of reactor materials.  He retired from Argonne in 2007.

He is the author or coauthor of more than 75 publications on a variety of topics in applied mechanics and materials behavior.  He has served on the NRC Piping Review Committee and various ad hoc NRC committees to assess the impact of environmentally enhanced material degradation on reactor safety and operation.  He has also been involved in research on the corrosion and stress corrosion cracking of candidate materials for the Yucca Mountain Waste Repository.

Dr. Shack was appointed to the statutory Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards in August 1993.

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John D. Sieber

Mr. John Sieber received his B.S. M.E. degree from Carnegie Mellon University in 1961.  In addition, he attended Purdue University to study reactor core physics in 1973, and in MIT to study reactor safety in 1981.

His 45-year career involved numerous positions in management at Duquesne Light Company, including core engineering, fuel manager, licensing manager, station manager, vice president – nuclear power division and senior vice president – chief nuclear officer.  During his career he has served as a member or director of the following organizations:  Electric Power Research Institute, Nuclear Electric Insurance Limited, Nuclear Energy Institute, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and the Westinghouse Owners Group.  As a consultant to RWE Energie in Essen, Germany, Mr. Sieber performed activities that involved the use of simulators for nuclear operator training.  Mr. Sieber has been the president of Northmont Consulting, Inc., since 1994.  His principle activities include nuclear plant assessments, management oversight and mentoring, event analysis, oversight of root cause determinations, and operational and human performance analysis.

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John W. Stetkar

Mr. Stetkar is a principal of Stetkar & Associates and has more than 27 years of experience as an engineering consultant. He is an internationally recognized expert in the fields of risk assessment and reliability analysis. Mr. Stetkar also serves as a technical expert for the International Atomic Energy Agency. Prior to his career as a consultant, he was a licensed senior reactor operator at the Zion nuclear station. He holds a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering, and a master's degree in nuclear and environmental engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

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