Phased Array Radar
The concept of using multiple or "array" radars to achieve desired antenna radiation patterns was first investigated in the 1940's. Later, mechanical beam steering was replaced by technology developed to permit rapid and flexible electronic steering, or "phasing," of the individual array antenna elements. Phased array radars are widely used in communications, defense, and space applications. Now researchers are adapting this established technology to weather observation. A high priority will be finding ways to reduce the cost of phased array radars.
- Phased array technology could significantly extend
warning lead times, increase accuracy, and reduce the uncertainty of
predicting severe weather events.
The electronic beams in a phased array radar can be directed independently at particular elements of a storm to give forecasters more accurate and complete data than the current NEXRAD radars. - Adapting phased array technology to both weather
observation and aircraft surveillance will provide significant cost benefits
and a higher level of security to the nation.
Under the leadership of the NSSL, an ambitious plan is currently being formulated to transition from a multitude of radar systems, used for aircraft surveillance and weather observations, to a single, Multi-function Phased Array Radar (MPAR). Significant cost savings are anticipated in addition to increased functionality. MPAR would expand our current weather surveillance network, replace the Nation's aging air traffic surveillance radars, and meet homeland security and defense requirements for identifying and tracking non-cooperative aircraft over the U.S.
