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( RTP, NC ) IMPROVING EMISSION INVENTORIES FOR EFFECTIVE AIR-QUALITY MANAGEMENT ACROSS NORTH AMERICA - A NARSTO ASSESSMENT |
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The NARSTO Ozone and Particulate Matter Assessments emphasized that emission inventories are critical to the success of air quality management programs and that emissions inventori...
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(AWMA) IMPROVING EMISSION INVENTORIES FOR EFFECTIVE AIR-QUALITY MANAGEMENT ACROSS NORTH AMERICA - A NARSTO ASSESSMENT |
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The NARSTO Ozone and Particulate Matter Assessments emphasized that emission inventories are critical to the success of air quality management programs and that emissions inventori...
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(NEW YORK) IMPROVING EMISSION INVENTORIES FOR EFFECTIVE AIR-QUALITY MANAGEMENT ACROSS NORTH AMERICA - A NARSTO ASSESSMENT |
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The NARSTO Ozone and Particulate Matter Assessments emphasized that emission inventories are critical to the success of air quality management programs and that emissions inventori...
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1993 FIELD STUDY/DEMONSTRATION OF AUTOMATED GAS CHROMATOGRAPH IN CONNECTICUT AND OTHER LABORATORIES |
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The objectives of this study were to install, test and demonstrate two automated gas chromatographic (GC) systems to state and regional EPA groups. he two GC systems required no li...
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1996 PASO DEL NORTE OZONE STUDY VOC MEASUREMENTS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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1996 PASO DEL NORTE OZONE STUDY VOC MEASUREMENTS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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2,4-DINITROPHENYLHYDRAZINE COATED SILICA GEL CARTRIDGE METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF FORMALDEHYDE IN AIR: IDENTIFICATION OF AN OZONE INTERFERENCE |
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Two versions of the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine method, a coated silica gel cartridge (solid) and acetonitrile impinger (solvent based), were used simultaneously to sample varied co...
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2008 Meeting in Germany: Emerging Environmental Contaminants and Current Issues |
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This presentation will discuss emerging environmental contaminants that are currently of concern to the U.S. EPA and to other agencies. Emerging contaminants include drinking water...
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24-HOUR DIFFUSIVE SAMPLING OF 1,3-BUTADIENE IN AIR ONTO CARBONPAK X SOLID ADSORBENT WITH THEMAL DESORPTION/GC/MS ANALYSIS - FEASIBILITY STUDIES |
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Diffusive sampling of 1,3-butadiene for 24 hours onto the graphitic adsorbent Carbopack X contained in a stainless steel tube badge (6.3 mm OD, 5 mm ID, and 90 mm in length) with...
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24-HOUR DIFFUSIVE SAMPLING OF 1,3-BUTADIENE IN AIR ONTO CARBOPACK X SOLID ADSORBENT FOLLOWED BY THERMAL DESORPTION/GC/MS ANALYSIS - FEASIBILITY STUDY |
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Diffusive sampling of 1,3-butadiene for 24 hr onto the graphitic adsorbent Carbopack X packed in a stainless steel tube badge (6.3 mm o.d., 5 mm i.d., and 90 mm in length) with ana...
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24-HOUR DIFFUSIVE SAMPLING OF TOXIC VOCS IN AIR ONTO CARBOPACK X SOLID ADSORBENT FOLLOWED BY THERMAL DESORPTION/GC/MS ANALYSIS - LABORATORY STUDIES |
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Diffusive sampling of a mixture of 42 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in humidified, purified air onto the solid adsorbent Carbopack X was evaluated under controlled laboratory c...
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A 13-WEEK COMPARISON OF PASSIVE AND CONTINUOUS OZONE MONITORS AT FORESTED SITES IN NORTH-CENTRAL PENNSYLVANIA |
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Ogawa passive 03 samplers were used in a 13-233k study (June 1-September 1, 1999) involving 11 forested and mountaintop sites in north-central Pennsylvania. Four of the sites we...
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A BAYESIAN METHOD OF ESTIMATING KINETIC PARAMETERS FOR THE INACTIVATION OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM OOCYSTS WITH CHLORINE DIOXIDE AND OZONE |
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The main objective of this paper is to use Bayesian methods to estimate the kinetic parameters for the inactivation kinetics of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts with chlorine dioxide...
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A BIOGENIC ROLE IN EXPOSURE TO TWO TOXIC COMPOUNDS |
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Biogenic sources play an important role in ozone and particulate concentrations through emissions of volatile organic compounds. The same emissions also contribute to chronic to...
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A CHAMBER AND MODELING STUDY TO ASSESS THE PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF FORMALDEHYDE |
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A new analytical method for formaldehyde (HCHO) was implemented for use in the UNC outdoor smog chamber. CHO measurements obtained with this method were compared with those obtaine...
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A CLIMATOLOGY OF TOTAL OZONE MAPPING SPECTROMETER DATA USING ROTATED PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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A COMPARISON OF GROUND-LEVEL AIR QUALITY DATA WITH NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION MONITORING STATIONS DATA IN SOUTH BRONX, NY. (R827351) |
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The South Bronx is a low-income, minority community in New York City. It has one of the highest asthma rates in the country, which community residents feel is related to poor a...
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A COMPARISON OF OZONE AND CHLORINE TOXICITY TO THREE LIFE STAGES OF THE AMERICAN OYSTER 'CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA' |
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The effects of ozone-produced oxidants (OPO) on three developmental stages of the American oyster, Crassostrea virginica, were evaluated. Straight-hinge larvae were significantly m...
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A COMPARISON OF TOTAL COLUMN OZONE FROM EPA'S BREWER SPECTROPHOTOMETER NETWORK WITH SBUV/2 SATELLITE DATA: APPLICATIONS TO MID-ATLANTIC UV STRESSOR PROFILES |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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A COUPLED LAND-SURFACE AND DRY DEPOSITION MODEL AND COMPARISON TO FIELD MEASUREMENTS OF SURFACE HEAT, MOISTURE, AND OZONE FLUXES |
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We have developed a coupled land-surface and dry deposition model for realistic treatment of surface fluxes of heat, moisture, and chemical dry deposition within a comprehensive a...
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A DECISION-MAKING FRAMEWORK FOR OZONE POLLUTION CONTROL. (R828207) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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A DYNAMIC NONLINEAR MODEL OF OZONE-INDUCED FEV1 RESPONSE UNDER CHANGING EXPOSURE CONDITIONS |
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A Dynamic Nonlinear Model of Ozone-induced FEV1 Response under Changing Exposure Conditions. 1WF McDonnell, 2PW Stewart, 3MV Smith. 1Human Studies Division, NHEERL, U.S. EPA, RTP...
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A GLOBAL SIMULATION OF TROPOSPHERIC OZONE AND RELATED TRACERS: DESCRIPTION AND EVALUATION OF MOZART, VERSION 2. (R826384) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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A LAGRANGIAN PHOTOCHEMICAL AIR QUALITY SIMULATION MODEL: ADAPTATION TO THE ST. LOUIS - RAPS DATA BASE. VOLUME I. MODEL FORMULATION |
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A Lagrangian photochemical air quality simulation model has been adapted to the St. Louis, Missouri/Illinois metropolitan region and the Regional Air Pollution Study (RAPS) aeromet...
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A LAGRANGIAN PHOTOCHEMICAL AIR QUALITY SIMULATION MODEL: ADAPTATION TO THE ST. LOUIS - RAPS DATA BASE. VOLUME II. USER'S MANUAL |
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A set of instructions have been compiled for use of a Lagrangian photochemical air quality simulation model adapted to the St. Louis, Missouri/Illinois metropolitan region and the ...
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A MOVING AVERAGE BAYESIAN MODEL FOR SPATIAL SURFACE AND COVERAGE PREDICTION FROM ENVIRONMENTAL POINT-SOURCE DATA |
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This paper addresses the general problem of estimating at arbitrary locations the value of an unobserved quantity that varies over space, such as ozone concentration in air or nitr...
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A NATIONWIDE DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCT OCCURRENCE STUDY - IDENTIFICATION OF NEW AND TOXICOLOGICALLY SIGNIFICANT COMPOUNDS WITH MASS SPECTROMETRY |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) are formed when disinfectants, such as chlorine, react with natural organic matter and bromide present in the water. Chloroform was ...
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A NEW TAILOR-MADE DERIVATIZING AGENT FOR IDENTIFYING POLAR CARBONYL DBPS IN DRINKING WATER |
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Although chlorine has been used to disinfect drinking water for approximately 100 years, there have been concerns raised over its use, due to the formation of potentially hazardous...
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A NONLINEAR-APPROXIMATION TECHNIQUE FOR DETERMINING VERTICAL OZONE - CONCENTRATION PROFILES WITH A DIFFERENTIAL ABSORPTION LIDAR |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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A PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF THE 2004 RELEASE OF MODELS-3 CMAQ |
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This performance evaluation compares a full annual simulation (2001) of CMAQ (Version4.4) covering the contiguous United States against monitoring data from four nationwide network...
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A Procedure for Inter-Comparing the Skill of Regional-Scale Air Quality Model Simulations of Daily Maximum 8-Hour Ozone Concentrations |
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An operational model evaluation procedure is described to quantitatively assess the relative skill among several regionalscale air quality models simulating various percentiles of ...
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A REGIONAL MODELING ANALYSIS OF THE DEPENDENCIES OF ATMOSPHERIC OXIDANTS TO PERTURBATIONS IN NOX AND HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS |
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Atmospheric distribution of photochemical oxidants has been a subject of interest and concern not only because of their deleterious effects on human health and vegetation, but also...
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A REVIEW OF AIR POLLUTANT DAMAGE TO MATERIALS |
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Report prepared as U.S. contribution to Panel 3 of NATO Committee on Challenges of Modern Society Pilot Study on Air Pollution Control Strategies and Impact Modeling. Panel 3 focus...
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A REVIEW OF ASSESSMENTS CONDUCTED ON BIO-ETHANOL AS A TRANSPORTATION FUEL FROM A NET ENERGY, GREENHOUSE GAS, AND ENVIRONMENTAL LIFE CYCLE PERSPECTIVE |
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Interest in producing ethanol from bio-mass in an attempt to make transportation ecologically sustainable continues to grow. In recent years, a large number of assessments have bee...
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A REVIEW OF STATISTICAL METHODS FOR THE METEOROLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT OF TROPOSPHERIC OZONE |
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A variety of statistical methods for meteorological adjustment of ozone have been proposed in the literature over the last decade for purposes of forecasting, estimating ozone ti...
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A REVIEW OF STATISTICAL METHODS FOR THE METEOROLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT OF TROPOSPHERIC OZONE. (R825173) |
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AbstractA variety of statistical methods for meteorological adjustment of ozone have been proposed in the literature over the last decade for purposes of forecasting, e...
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A REVIEW OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND CHANGE ON AEROALLERGENS AND THEIR ASSOCIATED EFFECTS ON HUMAN MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY IN THE U.S. (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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EPA has released for public comment a draft report entitled, A Review of the Impact of Climate Variability and Change on Aeroallergens and their Associated Effects. This dr...
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A Review of the Impact of Climate Variability and Change on Aeroallergens and their Associated Effects (Final Report) |
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This report is a survey of the current state of scientific knowledge of the potential impacts of climate change and climate variability on aeroallergens in the United States -- inc...
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A SOIL SPATIAL DATA FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MODELING IN THE CONTIGUOUS US |
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A suite of soil and related data-layers have been developed for environmental assessments of the effects of tropospheric ozone exposure and nitrogen deposition on forests, and gl...
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A STRINGENT COMPARISON OF SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS METHODS FOR VOCS IN AMBIENT AIR |
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A carefully designed study was conducted during the summer of 1998 to simultaneously collect samples of ambient air by canisters and compare the analysis results to direct sorben...
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A STUDY OF PROCESS CONTRIBUTIONS TO OZONE FORMATION DURING THE 2004 ICARTT PERIOD USING THE ETA- CMAQ FORECAST MODEL OVER THE NORTHEASTERN U.S. |
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First, this study evaluates the Eta-CMAQ forecast model performances for O3, and related chemical species with the observational data from the aircraft (NOAA P-3 and NAS...
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A STUDY OF PROCESS CONTRIBUTIONS TO OZONE FORMATION DURING THE 2004 ICARTT PERIOD USING THE ETA-CMAQ FORECAST MODEL OVER THE NORTHEASTERN U.S. |
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First, this study evaluates the Eta-CMAQ forecast model performances for O3, and related chemical species with the observational data from the aircraft (NOAA P-3 and NAS...
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A STUDY OF THE POTENTIAL WAYS IN WHICH OZONE COULD REDUCE ROOT GROWTH AND NODULATION OF SOYBEAN |
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The possible mechanisms by which the ozone reduces root growth and nodulation of soybean were investigated. Ozone did not appreciably penetrate the plant growth substrates nor did ...
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A STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHOTOCHEMICAL OZONE AND ITS PRECURSOR EMISSIONS OF NITROGEN OXIDES AND HYDROCARBONS IN THE TOKYO AND SURROUNDING AREAS. |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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A STUDY OF WINTER AIR POLLUTANTS AT FAIRBANKS, ALASKA |
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An air pollution monitoring program was initiated by the Arctic Environmental Research Station (AERS). Ambient monitoring was done throughout the winters of 76-77 and 77-78 at the ...
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A THIRTEEN-WEEK COMPARISON OF PASSIVE AND CONTINUOUS OZONE MONITORS AT FORESTED SITES IN NORTH-CENTRAL PENNSYLVANIA |
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Ogawa passive 03 samplers were used in a 13-233k study (June 1-September 1, 1999) involving 11 forested and mountaintop sites in north-central Pennsylvania. Four of the sites were...
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A TRAJECTORY-CLUSTERING CORRELATION METHODOLOGY FOR EXAMINING THE LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT OF AIR POLLUTANTS. (R825260) |
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We present a robust methodology for examining the relationship between synoptic-scale atmospheric transport patterns and pollutant concentration levels observed at a site. Our appr...
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A TREE GROWS TWICE AS LARGE IN BROOKLYN: HEIGHT AND LEAF AREA WERE CORRELATED WITH OZONE EXPOSURE |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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A YEAR-LONG MM5 EVALUATION USING A MODEL EVALUATION TOOLKIT |
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Air quality modeling has expanded in both sophistication and application over the past decade. Meteorological and air quality modeling tools are being used for research, forecastin...
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A32A-0126: A BIOGENIC ROLE IN EXPOSURE TO TWO TOXIC COMPOUNDS |
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Biogenic sources play an important role in ozone and particulate concentrations through emissions of volatile organic compounds. The same emissions also contribute to chronic tox...
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ACCENTUATION OF GAS EXCHANGE GRADIENTS IN FLUSHES OF PONDEROSA PINE EXPOSED TO OZONE |
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Patterns of O3 injury have been positively correlated with leaf age in deciduous trees and needle age-classes in conifers. his study was designed to determine the patterns of gas e...
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ACCOUNTABILITY WITHIN NEW OZONE STANDARDS |
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Over the past two decades, as part of the effort to develop the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), researchers have been using real human exposure data to help analyze...
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ACCURATE DIRECT MEASUREMENT OF HYDROXYL RADICAL (OH) YIELDS FROM GAS-PHASE OZONE-ALKENE REACTIONS USING AN IN SITU LASER INDUCED FLOURESCENCE (LIF) INSTRUMENT. (R825258) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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ACID-FAST BACTERIA AND YEASTS AS INDICATORS OF DISINFECTION EFFICIENCY |
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Since the coliform group of organisms is considered to be less resistant to chlorine than some bacterial and viral pathogens, the utility of both yeast and acid-fast oganisms as po...
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ACTION SPECTRA AND THEIR KEY ROLE IN ASSESSING BIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF SOLAR UV-B RADIATION CHANGE |
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Action spectra of ultraviolet (UV) damage to plants must be used as weighting functions to (1) evaluate the relative increase of solar UV radiation that would result from a decreas...
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ACTIVE TURBULENCE AND SCALAR TRANSPORT NEAR THE FOREST-ATMOSPHERE INTERFACE |
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Turbulent velocity, temperature, water vapor concentration, and other scalars were measured at the canopy-atmosphere interface of a 13–14-m-tall uniform pine forest and a 33-...
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ACUTE EFFECTS OF OZONE ON HEART RATE AND BODY TEMPERATURE IN THE UNANESTHETIZED, UNRESTRAINED RAT MAINTAINED AT DIFFERENT AMBIENT TEMPERATURES |
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The present studies were conducted to investigate the concentration-response characteristics of acute ozone (O3) exposure on the cardiovascular and thermoregulatory function of the...
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ACUTE EFFECTS OF OZONE ON THE PULMONARY FUNCTION OF EXERCISING SCHOOLCHILDREN FROM MEXICO CITY |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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ACUTE OZONE-INDUCED DIFFERENTIAL GENE EXPRESSION PROFILES IN RAT LUNG |
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Abstract
Ozone is an oxidant gas that can directly induce lung injury. Gaining knowledge of the
initial molecular events of acute O3 response would be useful in developing bi...
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ACUTE OZONE-INDUCED INFLAMMATORY GENE EXPRESSION IN THE RAT LUNG IS NOT RELATED TO LEVELS OF ANTIOXIDANTS IN THE LAVAGE FLUID |
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ABSTRACT BODY: Ozone causes oxidative stress and lung inflammation. We hypothesized that rat strains with or without genetic susceptibility to cardiovascular disease will have diff...
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ACUTE, SUBCHRONIC, AND CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO A SIMULATED URBAN PROFILE OF OZONE: EFFECTS ON EXTRAPULMONARY NATURAL KILLER CELL ACTIVITY AND LYMPHOCYTE MITOGENIC RESPONSES |
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Rats were exposed for 1,3,13,52 or 78 wk to air or a simulated urban profile of O3 designed to mimic diurnal exposure patterns frequently seen in worst case summer environments. ai...
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ADAPTATION TO OZONE IN RATS AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH ASCORBIC ACID IN THELUNG |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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ADEQUACY OF CONFIDENCE INTERVAL ESTIMATES OF YIELD RESPONSES TO OZONE ESTIMATED FROM NCLAN DATA |
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Three methods of estimating confidence intervals for the parameters of Weibull nonlinear models are examined. hese methods are based on linear approximation theory (Wald), the like...
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ADJUSTING AMBIENT OZONE AIR QUALITY INDICATORS FOR MISSING VALUES |
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This paper focuses on the adjustment of the exposure indices developed in work on exposure-response studies on crops to deal with missing data patterns in ambient air quality data ...
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ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESS TECHNOLOGY (ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION/OZONE TREATMENT) FOR REMOVAL OF METHYL TERTIARY BUTYL ETHER (MTBE) IN GROUND WATER SUPPLIES. |
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U.S. EPA’s Office of Research and Development in Cincinnati, Ohio has been testing and evaluating MTBE removal in dechlorinated tap water using three oxidant combinations: hydrogen...
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ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESS TECHNOLOGY (ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION/OZONE TREATMENT) FOR REMOVAL OF METHYL TERTIARY BUTYL ETHER (MTBE) IN GROUND WATER SUPPLIES. |
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U.S. EPA’s Office of Research and Development in Cincinnati, Ohio has been testing and evaluating MTBE removal in dechlorinated tap water using three oxidant combinations: hydrogen...
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ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES (AOPS) FOR DESTRUCTION OF METHYL TERTIARY BUTYL ETHER (MTBE -AN UNREGULATED CONTAMINANT) IN DRINKING WATER |
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Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) provide a promising treatment option for the destruction of MTBE directly in surface and ground waters. An ongoing study is evaluating the abili...
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ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES - DESCRIPTION OF A KINETIC MODEL FOR THE OXIDATION OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS IN AQUEOUS MEDIA WITH OZONE AND HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN A SEMIBATCH REACTOR |
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A model is presented that describes the kinetics of the oxidation of micropollutants in water with the combination of ozone and hydrogen peroxide in a sparged, semi batch reactor. ...
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ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES - TEST OF A KINETIC MODEL FOR THE OXIDATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WITH OZONE AND HYDROGEN IN A SEMIBATCH REACTOR |
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Experimental data are presented to test a kinetic model of the O3/H2O2 process in a semibatch reactor. he effect of bicarbonate and carbonate ions is measured and found to be in co...
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ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES FOR TREATING GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATED WITH TCE (TRICHLOROETHYLENE) AND PCE (TETRACHLOROETHYLENE): LABORATORY STUDIES (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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Oxidation of trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE) with various dosages of ozone or ozone plus hydrogen peroxide was studied in laboratory experiments. The results ...
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ADVANCEMENTS IN SOURCE-TO-DOSE ANALYSIS OF POPULATION EXPOSURES TO OZONE |
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The current study takes advantage of the observations from regional air quality monitoring networks, the data from the NE-OPS (North East Oxidant and Particulate Study) Project i...
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AEROSOL FORMATION FROM DIESEL EXHAUST AND SO2. A CHAMBER STUDY |
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Dilute diesel emission systems were studied in a 600 cu m indoor smog chamber under various conditions likely to be encountered in an urban environment. Aerosol formation and growt...
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AGE-DEPENDENT PULMONARY RESPONSE OF RATS TO OZONE EXPOSURE |
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The influence of age on O3 effects in the lung was studied in 8 groups of Sprague-Dawley rats: 7, 12, and 18 d of age (neonatal); 24, 30, and 45 d of age (infant); and 60 and 90 d ...
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AGE-RELATED OZONE EFFECTS ON GLUCOSE UTILIZATION IN RAT LUNGS |
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The authors examined the relationship between animal age and pulmonary biochemical effects of O3 exposure using young to adult rats ranging in age from 24 to 90 days. Glucose uptak...
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AIR POLLUTION AND FOREST ECOSYSTEMS: A REGIONAL TO GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE |
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Changes in atmospheric concentrations of a number of air pollutants over the last century are hallmarks of the magnitude and extent of human impact on the environment. ome of these...
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AIR POLLUTION CONCENTRATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH STAGNATION AND RESTRICTED VISIBILITY, EASTERN NORTH AMERICA, AUGUST 1976 |
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August 16 to 22, 1976, was designated as a stagnation period for a large part of the eastern United States by the Korshover technique, and Lyons and his associates judged August 16...
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AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS ON TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS |
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This report presents information on the effects of ozone, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, particulate matter, and acidic disposition on terrestrial ecosystems. A brief explanation ...
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AIR POLLUTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH AT THE U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY |
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The article discusses air pollution engineering research at the U. S. EPA, and particularly AEERL's role in that research which, in some areas, predates the Agency's. EPA's enginee...
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AIR QUALITY |
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EPA has set National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for six principal pollutants, which include: - ozone,
- particulate matter,
- carbon monoxide,
...
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AIR QUALITY AND DEPOSITION |
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The pollution climate of an area is influenced by meteorology and emissions of air pollutants at local and regional scales. he physical and chemical state of the atmosphere determi...
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AIR QUALITY AND SELECTED BIRTH DEFECTS, SEVEN COUNTY STUDY, TEXAS, 1997-2000 |
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Introduction: A number of epidemiologic investigations have shown adverse effects of ambient air pollution on reproductive outcomes including spontaneous abortion, fetal growth, pr...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND OTHER PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS (1978) |
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This document consolidates and assesses current knowledge regarding the origin of ozone and other photochemical oxidants and discusses their effect on health, vegetation, certain e...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND OTHER PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS. EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT NO 1. VOLUME III |
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This review of the effects of photochemical oxidants on vegetation and the responses of vegetation to photochemical oxidants first discusses the general methodologies used in studi...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND OTHER PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS. EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT NO 1. VOLUME V |
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In 1977 the National Research Council report on ozone and other photochemical oxidants stated a need for comprehensive human experimental studies that were carefully controlled and...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND OTHER PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS. EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT NO. 1. VOLUME I |
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Scientific information is presented and evaluated relative to the health and welfare effects associated with exposure to ozone and other photochemical oxidants. Though not intended...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND OTHER PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS. EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT NO. 1. VOLUME II |
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The purpose of this document is to review and evaluate the scientific literature on ozone and related oxidants and to document their effects on public health and welfare. Such docu...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND OTHER PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS. EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT NO. 1. VOLUME IV |
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This chapter discusses the effects of ozone on experimental animals. Carefully controlled studies of the effects of ozone on animals are particularly important in elucidating subtl...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND OTHER PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS. EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT NO. 2. VOLUME I |
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Scientific information is presented and evaluated relative to the health and welfare effects associated with exposure to ozone and other photochemical oxidants. Although not intend...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND OTHER PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS. EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT NO. 2. VOLUME V |
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Scientific information is presented and evaluated relative to the health and welfare effects associated with exposure to ozone and other photochemical oxidants. Although not intend...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND OTHER PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS. VOLUME 1 |
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Selected scientific information through early 1986 is presented and evaluated relative to the health and welfare effects associated with exposure to ozone and other photochemical o...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND OTHER PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS. VOLUME 2 |
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Selected scientific information through early 1986 is presented and evaluated relative to the health and welfare effects associated with exposure to ozone and other photochemical o...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND OTHER PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS. VOLUME 3. DRAFT FINAL |
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Selected scientific information through early 1985 is presented and evaluated relative to the health and welfare effects associated with exposure to ozone and other photochemical o...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND OTHER PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS. VOLUME 4 |
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Selected scientific information through early 1985 is presented and evaluated relative to the health and welfare effects associated with exposure to ozone and other photochemical o...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND OTHER PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS. VOLUME 5 |
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Selected scientific information through early 1986 is presented and evaluated relative to the health and welfare effects associated with exposure to ozone and other photochemical o...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND RELATED PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS |
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The Clean Air Act requires periodic (5-year) update revision of criteria and National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for Ozone. The previous revision of the criteria conta...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND RELATED PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS (1996) |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) promulgates the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) on the basis of scientific information contained in air quality criter...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND RELATED PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS (FINAL) |
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Tropospheric or “surface-level” ozone (O3) is one of six major air pollutants regulated by National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) under the U.S. Clean Air Act. As mandated ...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND RELATED PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS (FIRST EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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This first external review draft of the Air Quality Criteria for Ozone and Related Photochemical Oxidants (Ozone Criteria Document) is being released in January 2005 for public com...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND RELATED PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS (SECOND EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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This second external review draft of the Air Quality Criteria for Ozone and Related Photochemical Oxidants, Volumes I-III (Ozone Criteria Document) is being r...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND RELATED PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS VOLUME I OF III |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) promulgates the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) on the basis of scientific information contained in air quality criter...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND RELATED PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS VOLUME II OF III |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) promulgates the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) on the basis of scientific information contained in air quality criter...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND RELATED PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS VOLUME III OF III |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) promulgates the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) on the basis of scientific information contained in air quality criter...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND RELATED PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS, CHAPTERS 1 AND 9 |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the Technical Information Staff at the ...
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AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND RELATED PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS, VOLUMES I-III, EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the Technical Information Staff at the ...
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AIR QUALITY DATA ANALYSIS SYSTEM FOR INTERRELATING EFFECTS, STANDARDS, AND NEEDED SOURCE REDUCTIONS: PART 12. EFFECTS ON MAN, ANIMALS, AND PLANTS AS A FUNCTION OF AIR POLLUTANT IMPACT |
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The impact-effect mathematical model was developed previously to predict biological response as a function of air pollutant impact (exposure duration multiplied by pollutant concen...
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AIR QUALITY MODELING OF OZONE ON THE REGIONAL SCALE |
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Regional scale air quality models are needed for coordinated planning of emission control strategies to reduce the ozone pollutant burden. rban scale models by themselves cannot pr...
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AIR QUALITY MONITORING IN ATLANTA WITH THE DIFFERENTIAL OPTICAL ABSORPTION SPECTROMETER |
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During July and August of 1990, a differential optical absorption spectrometer (DOAS) made by OPSIS Inc. was used to measure gaseous air pollutants over three separate open paths i...
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AIR QUALITY OVER THE EASTERN UNITED STATES |
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Atmospheric concentrations of ozone and fine particulate matter continue to exceed their standards in many parts of the eastern United States. However, the peak concentration leve...
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AIR TOXICS CONTROL "SITUATION ROOM" |
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The paper describes one component of the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) efforts to assist state and local environmental agencies and its own egional offices in response ...
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AIR TOXICS DEVELOPMENT AT EPA |
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The paper gives an overview of research activities in EPA's Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, including the identification, assessment, and control of sources of vola...
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AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONS OF EXTREME OZONE CONCENTRATIONS NEAR THUNDERSTORMS |
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Anomalously large short-term ozone concentrations were observed on several occasions by aircraft during an experiment on August 5, 1980, to characterize the physical and chemical p...
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AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONS OF REGIONAL TRANSPORT OF OZONE IN THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES |
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A regional scale aircraft sampling program was conducted during August 1979 to obtain data for validation of a regional scale photochemical air quality simulation model and for stu...
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ALLERGEN BRONCHOPROVOCATION OF PATIENTS WITH MILD ALLERGIC ASTHMA AFTER OZONE EXPOSURE |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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ALLOCATION OF CARBON IN MYCORRHIZAL PINUS PONDEROSA SEEDLINGS EXPOSED TO OZONE |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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ALTERATIONS IN LUNG STRUCTURE CAUSED BY INHALATION OF OXIDANTS |
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Morphometric and morphologic methods have been used to evaluate changes in rat lungs caused by the inhalation of a variety of oxidants. Exposure to 100% oxygen causes diffuse pulmo...
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ALTERNATE VOC CONTROL TECHNIQUE OPTIONS FOR SMALL ROTOGRAVURE AND FLEXOGRAPHY FACILITIES |
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The report identifies Available Control Techniques (ACTs) for states to use as a referenec when implementing Reasonable Available Control Technilogy (RACT) for graphic arts facilit...
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ALTERNATE VOC CONTROL TECHNIQUE OPTIONS FOR SMALL ROTOGRAVURE AND FLEXOGRAPHY FACILITIES |
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The report identifies Available Control Techniques (ACTs) for states to use as a referenec when implementing Reasonable Available Control Technilogy (RACT) for graphic arts facilit...
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ALTERNATIVE AIR QUALITY INDICATORS FOR A SECONDARY FEDERAL STANDARD FOR OZONE |
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The present secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for ozone, established in 1979, was based on limited information from a few field studies on vegetation and may ...
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ALTERNATIVE DISINFECTANTS AND GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON EFFECTS ON TRACE ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS |
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The effects of alternative disinfectants on drinking water quality were examined along with the ability of granular activated carbon (GAC) to remove disinfection by-products and or...
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ALTERNATIVE DISINFECTANTS FOR DRINKING WATER |
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Using a combination of spectral identification techniques - gas chromatography coupled with low-and high-resolution electron-impact mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS), low-and high-resol...
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ALTERNATIVE DISINFECTANTS FOR DRINKING WATER TREATMENT |
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During a one-year study at Jefferson Parish, Louisiana the chemical, microbiological, and mutagenic effects of using the major drinking water disinfectants (chlorine, chlorine diox...
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ALTERNATIVE OXIDANT AND DISINFECTANT TREATMENT STRATEGIES FOR CONTROLLING TRIHALOMETHANE FORMATION |
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To comply with the maximum contaminant level (MCL) for total trihalomethanes (TTHM), many utilities have modified their pre-oxidation and disinfection practices by switching to alt...
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ALTERNATIVE OXIDANTS |
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This chapter reports on the efforts of the USEPA to study chloramines, chlorine dioxide and ozone as alternative oxidants/disinfectants to chlorine for the control of disinfection ...
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ALTERNATIVE OZONE DOSE METRICS TO CHARACTERIZE OZONE IMPACT ON CROP YIELD LOSS (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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Previous studies of the National Crop Loss Assessment Network (NCLAN) relating the impact of ozone (O3) on agricultural crops have used the seasonal arithmetic average of O3 for ei...
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ALTERNATIVES FOR OZONE-DEPLETING REFRIGERANTS |
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The paper gives results of tests of 2 of 11 compounds and several mixtures selected for intensive evaluation from about 40 new synthesized compounds that may serve as environmental...
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ALTERNATIVES TO CHLORINATED SOLVENTS FOR CLEANING AND DEGREASING |
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This guide describes chemical alternatives to chlorinated solvents that eliminate the use of ozone-depleting chlorinated solvents and smog-forming solvents that contribute high lev...
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AMBIENT AIR AUDITS OF THE NATIONAL CROP LOSS ASSESSMENT NETWORK (1981-1986) |
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Since 1981 the Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory (EMSL) of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) at Research Triangle Park, North Carolina has been conducting perform...
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AMBIENT AIR MEASUREMENTS OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN THE CALIFORNIA SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN |
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Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentrations have been measured at two locations (Claremont and Riverside) in the California South Coast Air Basin during the months of July and August 1...
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AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AND SELECTED BIRTH DEFECTS, SEVEN COUNTY STUDY, TEXAS, 1997-2000 |
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Background: A number of epidemiologic investigations have shown adverse effects of ambient air pollution on reproductive outcomes. A recent case-control study found associations be...
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AMBIENT HYDROCARBON AND OZONE CONCENTRATIONS NEAR A REFINERY |
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An ambient air monitoring study to characterize airborne emissions from petroleum refineries was conducted near the Marathon oil refinery at Robinson, Illinois during June 17 - Jul...
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AMBIENT HYDROCARBON AND OZONE CONCENTRATIONS NEAR A REFINERY, BENICIA, CALIFORNIA, 1975 |
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As part of an effort to characterize airborne emissions from petroleum refineries, an ambient air monitoring study was conducted near the Exxon refinery at Benicia, California, dur...
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AMBIENT HYDROCARBON AND OZONE CONCENTRATIONS NEAR A REFINERY, LAWRENCEVILLE, ILLINOIS - 1974 |
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In the summer of 1974, a study was undertaken to establish the effect of refinery emissions on the air quality of a region. The refinery studied was operated by Texaco in Lawrencev...
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AMBIENT LEVEL VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND (VOC) MONITORING USING SOLID ADSORBANTS - RECENT U.S. EPA STUDIES |
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Ambient air spiked with 1-10 ppbv concentrations of 41 toxic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) listed in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Compendium Method TO-14A was m...
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AMBIENT OXIDANT EXPOSURE AND HEALTH COSTS IN THE UNITED STATES-1973 |
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The body of information presented in this paper is directed to policy makers and administrators involved in the evaluation and assessment of damages caused by oxidant air pollution...
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AMBIENT OZONE AND PLANT HEALTH |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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AMBIENT OZONE CAUSES UPPER AIRWAYS INFLAMMATION IN CHILDREN |
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Ozone constitutes a major air-pollutant in western Europe. uring the summer national air quality standards are frequently exceeded which justifies concern about the health effects ...
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AMBIENT TEMPERATURE AND DRIVING CYCLE EFFECTS FROM AN AUTOMOBILE POWERED BY LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS |
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This paper describes an emissions study of a 1991 Chevrolet Lumina, powered by liquefied petroleum gas. he study was designed to obtain emissions information to predict how liquid ...
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AMPHIBIAN DECLINE, ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION AND LOCAL POPULATION ADAPTATION |
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Amphibian population declines have been noted on both local and global scales. Causes for these declines are unknown although many hypotheses have been offered. In areas adjacent ...
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AN ANNUAL EVALUATION OF THE 2005 RELEASE OF MODELS-3 CMAQ |
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An annual operation performance evaluation of the 2005 release of Models-3 CMAQ v4.5 has been performed. The poster presented results from the winter and summer season for sulfate...
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AN APPROACH FOR CHARACTERIZING TROPOSPHERIC OZONE RISK TO FOREST |
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The risk tropospheric ozone poses to forests in the United States is dependent on the variation in ozone exposure across the distribution of the forests in question and the various...
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AN APPROACH FOR EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VARIOUS OZONE AIR QUALITY STANDARDS FOR PROTECTING TREES |
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We demonstrate an approach for evaluating the level of protection attained using a variety of forms and levels of past, current, and proposed Air Quality Standards (AQSs). The U.S....
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AN ASSESSMENT OF OZONE AND CHLORINE DIOXIDE TECHNOLOGIES FOR TREATMENT OF MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLIES |
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This executive summary covers in abbreviated form each of the principal topics of the full report. Emphasis in the summary, and in the full report, is given to the fundamental uses...
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AN ESTIMATE OF THE POSSIBLE CONTRIBUTION OF BIOGENIC SOURCES TO AIRBORNE HYDROCARBON CONCENTRATIONS |
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The importance of plants as sources of photoreactive hydrocarbons, oxidant precursors, is widely discussed. The two main questions appear to be: (1) are natural hydrocarbons emissi...
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AN EVALUATION OF OZONE EXPOSURE METRICS FOR A SEASONALLY DROUGHT STRESSED PONDEROSA PINE ECOSYSTEM. (R826601) |
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Ozone stress has become an increasingly significant factor in cases of forest decline reported throughout the world. Current metrics to estimate ozone exposure for forest trees ...
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AN HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF THE OZONE EXPOSURE PROBLEM |
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Ozone can be found in essentially all locations in the troposphere. Too much exposure of vegetation and humans to this potent oxidizing gas can prove toxic. Reports of human toxi...
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AN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT AND CURRENT PRACTICES WORLDWIDE |
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Environmental life cycle management looks at products, processes, and activities by recognizing all the "cradle to grave" stages that are involved and identifying where potential e...
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AN INVESTIGATION OF CHEMISTRY AND TOXICITY OF OZONE-PRODUCED OXIDANTS AND BROMATE TO SELECTED ESTUARINE SPECIES |
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This research program was initiated to determine the chemical and biological effects of ozone in estuarine systems and to evaluate its suitability as an alternative to chlorine. Ch...
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AN OPERATIONAL EVALUATION OF THE ETA - CMAQ AIR QUALITY FORECAST MODEL |
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The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), in partnership with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), are developing an operational, nationwide A...
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AN OPERATIONAL EVALUATION OF THE ETA-CMAQ AIR QUALITY FORECAST MODEL |
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The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), in collaboration with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), are developing an Air Quality Forecasting Program that ...
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AN OPERATIONAL EVALUATION OF TWO REGIONAL-SCALE OZONE AIR QUALITY MODELING SYSTEMS OVER THE EASTERN UNITED STATES. (R825260) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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AN OVERVIEW OF THE AIRBORNE ACTIVITIES DURING THE SOUTHERN OXIDANTS STUDY (SOS) 1995 NASHVILLE/MIDDLE TENNESSEE OZONE STUDY |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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ANALYSIS FOR OZONE AND RESIDUAL CHLORINE BY DIFFERENTIAL PULSE POLAROGRAPHY OF PHENYLARSINE OXIDE |
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The differential pulse polarography of phenylarsine oxide (C6H5AsO) as an indirect determination of ozone and residual chlorine is investigated. This procedure is compared with the...
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ANALYSIS OF CROP LOSS FOR ALTERNATIVE OZONE EXPOSURE INDICES |
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Defining the appropriate exposure index that 'best' relates plant response to exposure necessitates a consideration of the underlying biological basis for the response and a method...
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ANALYSIS OF HIGH SULFATE CONCENTRATIONS IN GREATER NEW YORK CITY AIR |
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The meteorological phenomena occurring during April 15 to 21, 1976, when high sulfate concentrations were measured in the New York City area, are summarized. Findings of earlier in...
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ANALYSIS OF OZONE AIR QUALITY OVER THE NEW YORK METROPOLITAN AREA |
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This paper presents an assessment of the temporal and spatial behavior of measured ozone concentrations over the tri-state area around New York City, and an examination of the vari...
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ANALYSIS OF POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN PARTICULATE MATTER BY LUMINESCENCE TECHNIQUES |
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Fluorescence, phosphorescence, and heavy-metal activated room temperature phosphorescence spectra were obtained for ten polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) reference compounds in...
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ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG OZONE UPTAKE, CONDUCTANCE, AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN NEEDLES OF PINUS PONDEROSA |
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Determination of the relationships of conductance and photosynthesis to ozone uptake is important for the prediction of the long-term response of trees to ozone exposure. e studied...
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ANALYTICAL ASPECTS OF OZONE TREATMENT OF WATER AND WASTEWATER - A MONOGRAPH |
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With the ever-increasing interest in the application of ozone for water and wastewater treatment, several major questions arise in the minds of those new to the field: (1) What is ...
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ANALYZING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS WITH THE WAR ALGORITHM: REVIEW AND UPDATE |
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This presentation will review uses of the WAR algorithm and current developments and possible future directions. The WAR algorithm is a methodology for analyzing potential environm...
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ANALYZING THE SUSTAINABILITY OF GREEN PROCESSES: METHODS FOR EVALUATING THE FOUR E'S |
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Analyzing the Sustainability of Green Processes: Methods for Evaluating the Four E's
By Raymond L. Smith and Michael A. Gonzalez
A considerable amount of research i...
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ANNUAL OZONE DEPOSITION TO A PONDEROSA PINE PLANTATION IN THE SIERRA NEVADA MOUNTAINS. (R826601) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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ANTIOXIDANT SUPPLEMENTATION AND GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY TO OZONE: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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ANTIOXIDANT SUPPLEMENTATION AND LUNG FUNCTIONS AMONG ASTHMATIC CHILDREN EXPOSED TO HIGH LEVELS OF AIR POLLUTANTS |
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Abstract
Air pollutant exposure has been related to adverse respiratory effects, in particular, in asthmatics. This effect could be the consequence of the oxidative stress c...
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ANTIOXIDANT SUPPLEMENTATION AND NASAL INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES AMONG YOUNG ASTHMATICS EXPOSED TO HIGH LEVELS OF OZONE |
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Background: Recent studies examining the inflammatory response in atopic asthma to ozone suggest a release of soluble mediators of inflammation factors that might be related to rea...
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ANTIOXIDANTS IN BRONCHOALVEIOLAR LAVAGE FLUID CELLS ISOLATED FROM OZONE-EXPOSED NORMAL AND ASCORBATE-DEFICIENT GUINEA PIGS |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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APPLICATION OF A DATA-ASSIMILATING PROGNOSTIC METEOROLOGICAL MODEL TO TWO URBAN AREAS |
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In this study we have used a data-assimilating prognostic meteorological model, the Systems Applications International Mesoscale Model (SAIMM), ot generate meteorological fields su...
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APPLICATION OF AN OZONE DISINFECTION MODEL FOR MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER EFFLUENTS |
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The objective of this study was to determine how broadly applicable an empirical mathematical model, developed previously, would be in predicting final effluent coliform numbers as...
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APPLICATION OF AN SO2-DENUDER FOR CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF SULFUR IN SUBMICROMETRIC AEROSOLS |
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A method is described for the continuous measurement of total sulfur in submicrometric aerosols suspended in air containing sulfur dioxide. The aerocolloid is passed through a tube...
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APPLICATION OF BAYESIAN MONTE CARLO ANALYSIS TO A LAGRANGIAN PHOTOCHEMICAL AIR QUALITY MODEL. (R824792) |
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Uncertainties in ozone concentrations predicted with a Lagrangian photochemical air quality model have been estimated using Bayesian Monte Carlo (BMC) analysis. Bayesian Monte Carl...
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APPLICATION OF BIAS AND ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES TO THE ETA-CMAQ AIR QUALITY FORECAST |
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The current air quality forecast system, based on linking NOAA's Eta meteorological model with EPA's Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model, consistently overpredicts surfac...
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APPLICATION OF DNPH DERIVATIZATION WITH LC/MS TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF POLAR CARBONYL DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS IN DRINKING WATER |
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A qualitative method using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) derivatization followed by analysis with liquid chromatography (LC)/negative ion-electrospray mass spectrometry (MS) wa...
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APPLICATION OF POLLUTION PREVENTION TO REDUCE INDOOR AIR EMISSIONS FROM OFFICE EQUIPMENT AND FROM COMPOSITE WOOD MATERIALS |
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The paper discusses the application of pollution prevention to reduce indoor air emissions from office equipment and from composite wood materials. (NOTE: The literature indicates ...
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APPLICATION OF SOLID PHASE MICROEXTRACTION GC/MS TO THE CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROPHILIC DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS IN WATER |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has given high priority to research aimed at developing methods to extract hydrophilic disinfection by-products (DBPs) from drinking water....
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APPLICATION OF STABLE ISOTOPE TECHNIQUES TO AIR POLLUTION RESEARCH |
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Stable isotope techniques provide a robust, yet under-utilized tool for examining pollutant effects on plant growth and ecosystem function. Here, we survey a range of mixing model...
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APPLICATION OF THE EPR SPIN-TRAPPING TECHNIQUE TO THE DETECTION OF RADICALS PRODUCED IN VIVO DURING INHALATION EXPOSURE OF RATS TO OZONE |
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Ozone is known to induce lipid peroxidation of lung tissue, although no direct evidence of free radical formation has been reported. e have use the electron paramagnetic resonance ...
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APPROACH FOR CHARACTERIZING TROPOSPHERIC OZONE RISK TO FORESTS |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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AREA SOURCES OF VOC EMISSIONS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO TROPOSPHERIC OZONE CONCENTRATIONS |
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The paper quantifies the importance of area sources to total volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions, reviews components of EPA/AEERL's non-attainment program, discusses the stat...
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ARTERIAL BLOOD GASES, PULMONARY FUNCTION AND PATHOLOGY IN RATS EXPOSED TO 0.75 OR 1.0 PPM OZONE |
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Arterial blood gases, residual lung volume (RV), deflation pressure volume (PV) curves, pulmonary pathology and body weight changes were studied in rats exposed up to 14 days to ei...
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ASSESSING EXPOSURE IN EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES TO DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS IN DRINKING WATER: REPORT FROM AN INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP |
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The inability to accurately assess exposure has been one of the major shortcomings of epidemiologic studies of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water. A number of contr...
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ASSESSING IMPACTS OF OZONE ON AGRICULTURAL CROPS: 1. OVERVIEW |
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The Environmental Protection Agency initiated the National Crop Loss Assessment Network (NCLAN) to develop pollutant dose-plant response information for economically important crop...
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ASSESSING IMPACTS OF OZONE ON AGRICULTURAL CROPS: 2. CROP YIELD FUNCTIONS AND ALTERNATIVE EXPOSURE STATISTICS |
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A principal objective of the National Crop Loss Assessment Network (NCLAN) is to develop O3 dose-crop yield response models for use in assessing the effects of O3 on economically i...
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ASSESSING OZONE EFFECTS ON PLANTS NATIVE TO THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES |
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For the last six years, the U.S. National Park Service, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and University researchers have been documenting the effects of ozone on a large numbe...
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ASSESSING THE HEALTH EFFECTS AND RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH CHILDREN’S INHALATION EXPOSURES – ASTHMA AND ALLERGY |
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Adults and children may have different reactions to inhalation exposures, which may be the result of differences in inhaled or target tissue doses following similar exposures, and/...
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ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF TROPOSPHERIC OZONE ON FORESTS IN THE U.S. |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF SOIL MOISTURE STRESS ON REGIONAL SOYBEAN YIELD AND ITS SENSITIVITY TO OZONE (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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Plants that experience moisture stress show less ozone-caused injury than non-stressed plants exposed to similar levels of ozone. To evaluate the interaction of moisture stress and...
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ASSESSMENT OF AN ENSEMBLE OF SEVEN REAL-TIME OZONE FORECASTS OVER EASTERN NORTH AMERICA DURING THE SUMMER OF 2004 |
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The real-time forecasts of ozone (O3) from seven air quality forecast models (AQFMs) are statistically evaluated against observations collected during July and August of...
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ASSESSMENT OF ATMOSPHERIC EXPOSURE AND DEPOSITION TO HIGH ELEVATION FORESTS IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES |
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This report summarizes the results of the four year field measurement and data analysis program of MCCP. he MCCP is sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as part of...
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ASSESSMENT OF CROP LOSS FROM AIR POLLUTANTS: METEOROLOGY-ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND LONG RANGE TRANSPORT |
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Ozone is a secondary pollutant with many distinctive characteristics in respect to its sources and modes of formation within regions of the troposphere and in the stratosphere. The...
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ASSESSMENT OF CROP LOSS FROM OZONE |
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Past research has shown that ozone (O3) alone or in combination with sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is responsible for up to 90% of the crop losses in the U.S. ca...
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ASSESSMENT OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR METAL FINISHING POLLUTION CONTROL: THREE CASE STUDIES |
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This research program was initiated with the objective of bringing information concerning performance and cost of new wastewater treatment technologies to the attention of the meta...
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ASSESSMENT OF ETA-CMAQ FORECASTS OF PARTICULATE MATTER DISTRIBUTIONS THROUGH COMPARISONS WITH SURFACE NETWORK AND SPECIALIZED MEASUREMENTS |
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An air-quality forecasting (AQF) system based on the National Weather Service (NWS) National Centers for Environmental Prediction's (NCEP's) Eta model and the U.S. EPA's Community ...
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ASSESSMENT OF INDIVIDUAL HUMAN EXPOSURES TO OZONE IN A HEALTH STUDY |
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The minute dose of ozone delivered to the lower respiratory tract of a subject depends upon the ozone concentration inhaled, the minute volume (Ve 1/min) and the fraction of the in...
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ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL VOLATILE ORGANIC SUBSTANCES AND THEIR EFFECT ON AIR QUALITY IN THE UNITED STATES |
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This research brief is a summary of the extensive review and critical analysis of the literature on natural volatile organic substances, sometimes referred to as biogenic hydrocarb...
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ASSESSMENT OF OZONE AS A SURROGATE FOR OTHER PRODUCTS OF ATMOSPHERIC PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS |
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This research brief is a summary of the extensive review and critical analysis of the literature on products of atmospheric photochemical reactions in the lower troposphere, and an...
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ASSESSMENT OF OZONE EFFECTS ON NITRATE EXPORT FROM HUBBARD BROOK WATERSHED SIX. (R827958) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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ASSESSMENT OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF STRATOSPHERIC OZONE TO GROUND-LEVEL OZONE CONCENTRATIONS |
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This assessment is concerned with the possible contributions of ozone transported from the stratosphere through the troposphere down to ground level to the episodic and longer term...
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ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF NITROGEN OXIDES IN NONURBAN OZONE FORMATION |
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This assessment is the fourth and final assessment of technical issues related to ozone and other photochemically generated products formed in the atmosphere requested by the Offic...
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ASSOCIATION BETWEEN METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS AND HIGH OZONE AND SULFATE CONCENTRATIONS: A 1974 EPISODE IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES |
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A 1,000,000 sq km area of the Eastern United States had sulfate concentrations exceeding 10 microgram/cu m on July 10, 1974, and there were indications that parts of the area had h...
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ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN AIR POLLUTION AND MORTALITY IN PHOENIX, 1995-1997 |
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We evaluated the association between mortality outcomes in elderly individuals and particulate matter (PM) of varying aerodynamic diameters (in micrometers) [PM10, PM2.5, and PMC...
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ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN OUTDOOR PARTICULATE (PM2.5) CONCENTRATIONS AND GASEOUS CO-POLLUTANT EXPOSURE LEVELS FOR COPD AND MI COHORTS IN ATLANTA, GA |
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Epidemiological studies indicate that daily ambient particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations are associated with increased mortality, hospital admissions, and respiratory and ca...
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ASTHMA IN EXERCISING CHILDREN EXPOSED TO OZONE: A COHORT STUDY. (R827352C012) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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ATLANTA OZONE PRECURSOR MONITORING STUDY DATA REPORT |
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Monitoring was conducted during the summer of 1990 to address the measurement of ozone (0a) and ozone precursors in Atlanta, Georgia. ata was collected using automated gas chromato...
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ATLAS OF AIR QUALITY AND DEPOSITION IN OR NEAR FORESTS OF THE WESTERN UNITED STATES |
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An atlas of air quality and deposition data has been compiled to make air pollution data and information more accessible to biologists and ecologists working in western forests. at...
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ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY OF ACROLEIN AND METHACROLEIN: REACTIONS WITH OH RADICALS AND OZONE. (R826247) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY OF POTENTIAL EMISSIONS FROM FUEL CONVERSION FACILITIES. A SMOG CHAMBER STUDY |
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The atmospheric chemistry of chemical species that may be emitted from fuel conversion facilities were studied in smog chambers. Of 17 compounds assessed for ozone-forming potentia...
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ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY OF SELECTED SULFUR-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS OUTDOOR SMOG CHAMBER STUDY - PHASE 1 |
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The chemical behavior of hydrogen sulfide, carbonyl sulfide, carbon sulfide, methanethiol, ethanethiol, methyl sulfide, ethylsulfide, methyl-disulfide, ethyldisulfide, methylethyls...
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ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY OF SELECTED SULFUR-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS. OUTDOOR SMOG CHAMBER STUDY. PHASE 2 |
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The photochemical behavior of mixtures of selected sulfur containing species, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides was examined in outdoor smog chambers. Sulfur dioxide, H2S, CH3SH, C...
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ATMOSPHERIC FATES OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS: PREDICTION OF OZONE AND HYDROXYL RADICAL REACTION RATES AND MECHANISMS |
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During the three-year cooperative agreement, the kinetic, mechanistic and product data available in the literature for the gas phase reactions of OH radicals and of O3 with organic...
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ATMOSPHERIC FREONS AND HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS |
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Ambient levels of atmospheric Freons, halogenated hydrocarbons, and SF6 were measured at various locations in the U.S.A. Compounds such as CCl3F, CCl2F2, CH3-CCl3, and CCl4 were ub...
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ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES AND EFFECTS ON MATERIALS |
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These two chapters summarize the effects expected from the depletion of stratospheric ozone by the presence of CFCs. he two areas considered by these two reports are materials dama...
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ATMOSPHERIC REACTION PRODUCTS FROM HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANT DEGRADATION |
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This research project was undertaken to investigate the products of selected hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) as they react in the atmosphere. Many hazardous or potentially hazardou...
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ATMOSPHERIC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND MEASUREMENTS DURING THE 1996 PASO DEL NORTE OZONE STUDY |
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Ambient air VOC samples were collected at surface air quality monitoring sites, near sources of interest, and aloft on the US (El Paso) and Mexican (Ciudad Juarez) side of the bo...
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ATTAINMENT AND EFFECTS ISSUES REGARDING ALTERNATIVE SECONDARY OZONE AIR QUALITY STANDARDS |
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The present secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for O3, established in 1979, is based on limited information from a few field studies on vegetation and may not ...
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ATTENUATION OF SOLAR UV RADIATION BY AEROSOLS DURING AIR POLLUTION EPISODES |
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Increase in the amount of solar UV radiation reaching the surface due to decrease in stratospheric ozone continues to be a major concern (WMO, 1998). However, recent studies show ...
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AUTOMATED CLASSIFICATION SCHEME DESIGNED TO EDUCATE THE DEPENDENCE OF OZONE ON METEOROLOGY |
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This paper utilizes a two-stage (average linkage then convergent k-means) clustering approach as part of an objective meteorological classification scheme designed to elucidate ozo...
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AUTOMATED CLOSED LOOP CONTROL OF OZONE DISINFECTION USING FLOW-PACED OFF-GAS MEASUREMENT |
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Ozone disinfection is an environmentally attractive alternative to chlorine because of the lack of a toxic residual, its excellent virucidal properties, and its reduced potential t...
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Acute pulmonary function response to ozone in young adults as a function of body mass index |
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Recent studies have shown enhanced responsiveness to ozone in obese mice. Adiposity has not been examined as a possible modulator of ozone response in humans. We therefore examined...
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Air Pollution and Infant Mortality in Mexico City |
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Historic air pollution episodes of the 1950s led to acute increases in infant mortality, and some recent epidemiologic studies suggest that infant or child mortality may still resu...
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Air pollution and respiratory viral infection |
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Despite current regulations, which limit the levels of certain air pollutants, there are still a number of adverse health effects that result from exposure to these agents. Numerou...
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Assessment of the Impacts of Global Change on Regional U.S. Air Quality (External Review Draft) |
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This report was prepared by the Global Change Research Program in the National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) of the Office of Research and Development (ORD) at the ...
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BARRIERS TO THE TRANSMISSION OF WATERBORNE DISEASE |
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The multiple barrier concept is applied by public health professionals as they attempt to prevent waterborne transmission of communicable diseases. This chapter discusses two water...
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BASIS FOR PRIMARY AIR QUALITY CRITERIA AND STANDARDS |
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The Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office and the Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards are charged with responsibility for reviewing and assessing air quality criter...
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BAY REGION ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY EXPERIMENT (BRACE) |
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The Tampa Bay Estuary Program (TBEP) was formed in 1991 to assist the community in developing a comprehensive plan to restore and protect Tampa Bay. The ecological indicator of ...
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BAYESIAN ENTROPY FOR SPATIAL SAMPLING DESIGN OF ENVIRONMENTAL DATA |
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Particulate Matter (PM) has been linked to widespread public health effects, including a range of serious respiratory and cardiovascular problems, and to reduced visibility in may ...
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BEHAVIORAL EVALUATION OF THE IRRITATING PROPERTIES OF OZONE |
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The sensory irritant properties of ozone have been considered to be responsible for symptoms that occur in humans after exposure. This assumption has not been studied explicitly. O...
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BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN HUMANS UPON EXPOSURE TO OZONE AND EXERCISE |
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A total of 44 human subjects were exposed to 784 micrograms/cu.m.(0.4 ppm) ozone and 30 human subjects were exposed to air as controls. A four hour exposure was given on each of fi...
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BIOGENIC CONTRIBUTIONS TO ATMOSPHERIC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN AZUSA CA |
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An objective of the 1997 Southern California Ozone Study (SCOS97) was to provide an up-to-date assessment of the importance of biogenic emissions for tropospheric ozone productio...
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BIOGENIC NITRIC OXIDE EMISSIONS FROM CROPLAND SOILS |
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Emissions of nitric oxide (NO) were determined during late spring and summer 1995 and the spring of 1996 from four agricultural soils on which four different crops were grown. Thes...
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BIOMARKERS OF INFLAMMATION IN OZONE-EXPOSED HUMANS: COMPARISON OF THE NASAL AND BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE |
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An influx of neutrophils (PMNs), a primary feature of acute inflammation, has been associated with the development of lower lung disorders, such as emphysema and idiopathic fibrosi...
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BIOMARKERS OF LUNG INFLAMMATION IN RECREATIONAL JOGGERS EXPOSED TO OZONE |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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BLUE WILD-RYE GRASS COMPETITION INCREASES THE EFFECT OF OZONE ON PONDEROSA PINE SEEDLINGS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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BOUNDARY LAYER OZONE VARIATIONS IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH METEOROLOGICAL VARIATIONS: LONG-TERM VARIATIONS |
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Ten years (1981-1990) of Aerometric Information Retrieval System and Southern Oxidant Study ozone data and National Climatic Data Center meteorology data were used to establish sta...
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BOUNDARY-LAYER EVOLUTION AND ITS INFLUENCE ON GROUND-LEVEL OZONE CONCENTRATIONS. (R826373) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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BROMATE-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTIONAL CHANGES IN LONG-EVANS RAT KIDNEYS |
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Bromate-Induced Transcriptional Changes in Long-Evans Rat Kidneys.
Ozone disinfection of surface waters containing bromide ion (Br-) results in the oxidation of bromide ...
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BROMIDE-OXIDANT INTERACTIONS AND THM (TRIHALOMETHANE) FORMATION: A LITERATURE REVIEW |
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The review focuses on the interactions, not only of bromide and chlorine, but also of bromide and two common oxidation alternatives to chlorine--chlorine dioxide and monochloramine...
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BROMIDES'S EFFECT ON DBP FORMATION, SPECIATION, AND CONTROL: PART 1, OZONATION |
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Many factors should be taken into account in the assessment of the impact of ozonation on the speciation of the THMs and HAAS. n this study, the behavior of the individual species ...
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CALIBRATION OF FULL-SCALE OZONATION SYSTEMS WITH CONSERVATIVE AND REACTIVE TRACERS |
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A full-scale ozonation reactor was characterized with respect to the overall oxidation budget by coupling laboratory kinetics with reactor hydraulics. The ozone decomposition kine...
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CAN NEPA PROTECT BIODIVERSITY? |
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Biodiversity has emerged as a prominent issue in the scientific andconservation communities, and is of increasing concern to thegeneral public. s with other "new" environmental pro...
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CANOPY REFLECTANCE OF SOYBEAN AS AFFECTED BY CHRONIC DOSES OF OZONE IN OPEN-TOP FIELD CHAMBERS |
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The relationship between canopy reflectance and ozone (03) treatment was investigated in a field experiment with soybean growing in 3-m diameter, 2.4-m high open-top exposure chamb...
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CAPSULE REPORT: SOURCES AND AIR EMISSION CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES AT WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES |
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The chemicals processed during waste management operations can volatilize into the atmosphere and cause carcinogenic or other toxic effects or contribute to ozone formation. Regula...
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CARBON ALLOCATION AND PARTITIONING IN ASPEN CLONES VARYING IN SENSITIVITY TO TROPOSPHERIC OZONE |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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CARBON CONTAINING COMPONENT OF THE LOS ANGELES AEROSOL: SOURCE APPORTIONMENT AND CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE VISIBILITY BUDGET |
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Source resolution of the organic component of the fine fraction of the ambient aerosol (d(sub p) < 3.5 micrometers) has been carried out by combining source information from the or...
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CARDIOVASCULAR AND SYSTEMIC RESPONSES TO INHALED POLLUTANTS IN RODENTS: EFFECTS OF OZONE AND PARTICULATE MATTER |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO OXIDATIVE INJURY AND COMPENSATORY MECHANISMS: INSIGHTS FROM RODENT MODELS |
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Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the number one cause for human mortality and nearly 25% of the population develops chronic CVD at an age of 65 years or older. Environmental and g...
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CARRY-OVER EFFECTS OF OZONE ON ROOT GROWTH AND CARBOHYDRATE CONCENTRATIONS OF PONDEROSA PINE SEEDLINGS |
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Ozone exposure decreases belowground carbon allocation and root growth of plants;however,the extent to which these effects persist and the cumulative impact of ozone stress on plan...
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CASE STUDY OF AN INTEGRATED PASSIVE BIOLOGICAL ARD TREATMENT SYSTEM |
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Many active mine sites, mines in the closure stage and some abandoned mines are and have utilized cyanidation to remove and recover precious metals. Discharges from these sites nor...
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CASTNET NATIONAL DRY DEPOSITION NETWORK - 1990-1992 STATUS REPORT |
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The National Dry Deposition Network (NDDN) was established to provide long-term estimates of dry acidic deposition across the continental United States. ifty routine sites were ope...
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CATALYTIC OXIDATION OF AIR POLLUTANTS FROM PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY USING OZONE |
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Major pollutants from pulp and paper mills include volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as methanol and total reduced sulfur compounds (TRS) such as dimethyl sulfide. The convent...
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CATALYTIC OXIDATION OF DIMETHYL SULFIDE WITH OZONE: EFFECT OF PROMOTER AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF METAL OXIDE CATALYSTS |
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This study reports improved catalytic activities and stabilities for the oxidation of dimethyl sulfide (DMS), a major pollutant of pulp and paper mills. Ozone was used as an oxidan...
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CATALYTIC OXIDATION OF DIMETHYL SULFIDE WITH OZONE: EFFECTS OF PROMOTER AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF METAL OXIDE CATALYSTS |
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This study reports improved catalytic activities and stabilities for the oxidation of dimethyl sulfide (DMS), a major pollutant of pulp and paper mills. Ozone was used as an oxidan...
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CATALYTIC OXIDATION OF MALODOROUS COMPOUNDS FROM PULP AND PAPER MILLS WITH OZONE AS AN OXIDANT |
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Total reduced sulfer (TRS) compounds such as dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, methanethiol and H2S are identified as major constituents of pulp and paper mill blow tank efflue...
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CATALYTIC OXIDATION OF TOTAL REDUCED SULFUR COMPOUNDS FROM PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRIES WITH OZONE AS AN OXIDANT |
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Pulp and paper industry generates more than 144 million lb of VOCs per year including a range of reduced sulfur compounds (TRS) such as dimethyl sulfide (DMS), dimethyl disulfide (...
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CELLULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE LOWER AIRWAYS OF SUBJECTS EXPOSED TO OZONE |
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Although exposure of animals to ozone (O3) has been shown to impair host defense mechanisms and to induce inflammation, very little is known about its inflammatory effects in human...
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CHANGES IN AIR QUALITY AND ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSOTION IN THE EASTERN US: 1990-2004 |
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Monitoring data collected in the eastern US between 1990 and 2004 at 34 dry and paired wet monitoring sites are examined. A goal is to evaluate the measured air quality impacts occ...
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CHANGES IN HEART RATE VARIABILITY AND LUNG FUNCTION OBSERVED IN NC PATROL TROOPERS EXPOSED TO PM AND AIR TOXICS |
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Changes in Heart Rate Variability and Lung Function in NC Patrol Troopers exposed to PM and Air Toxics
Michael Riediker1, Wayne E Cascio1, Robert B Devlin2, Thomas Griggs1&4...
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CHANGES IN PULMONARY FUNCTION AND AIRWAY REACTIVITY DUE TO PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO TYPICAL AMBIENT OZONE (O3) LEVELS |
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Daily ambient ozone levels between 0.08 and 0.12 ppm for periods exceeding 6 hours often occur in many urban, suburban, and rural areas of the United States and Europe. Substantial...
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CHANGES TO THE BIOGENIC EMISSION INVENTORY SYSTEM VERSION 3 (BEIS3) |
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This extended abstract describes recent changes to the Biogenic Emissions Inventory System (BEIS3) that were completed in preparation for the 2005 release of the Community Multisca...
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CHANGING CLIMATE AND PHOTOBIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS |
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Global biogeochemistry plays a critical role in controlling life processes, climate and their interactions, including effects on atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. Recent e...
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CHANGING SOLAR ULTRAVIOLET CLIMATE AND THE ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES FOR HIGHER PLANTS |
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There is compelling evidence that a general erosion of the global ozone layer is occurring. ince ozone in the stratosphere absorbs much of the shortwave solar ultraviolet radiation...
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CHAPTER 17 DISCUSSION: EXERCISE AND THE ENVIRONMENT |
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This chapter elaborates on two areas briefly discussed by Dr. Sutton: he effect of our air environment on fitness and human health, specifically the effects on the lungs; and the t...
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CHARACTERIZATION OF ALTERNATIVE FUEL VEHICLE EMISSIONS COMPOSITION AND OZONE POTENTIAL |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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CHARACTERIZATION OF EMISSIONS FROM A VARIABLE GASOLINE/METHANOL FUELED CAR |
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In response to the occurrence of the increasingly severe ambient ozone exceedances, regional environmental managers are examining the possibility of a cleaner fuel for automobiles....
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CHARACTERIZATION OF EMISSIONS FROM HAND-HELD TWO-STROKE ENGINES |
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Despite their extremely high organic and particulate matter emission rates, two-stroke engines remain among the least studied of engine types. Such studies are rare because they...
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CHARACTERIZATION OF INDOOR AND OUTDOOR AIR POLLUTION EXPOSURES AND SOURCES |
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Human exposures to indoor and outdoor pollutants vary depending on the sources and concentrations of pollutants as well as human behavioral factors that determine the extent of an ...
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CHARACTERIZATION OF INDOOR AND OUTDOOR AIR POLLUTION EXPOSURES AND SOURCES |
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Human exposures to indoor and outdoor pollutants vary depending on the sources and concentrations of pollutants as well as human behavioral factors that determine the extent of an ...
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CHARACTERIZATION OF NITROUS OXIDE EMISSION SOURCES |
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The report presents a global inventory of nitrous oxide (N2O) based on reevaluation of previous estimates and additions of previously uninventoried source categories. (NOTE: N2O is...
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CHARACTERIZATION OF OZONE EMISSIONS FROM AIR CLEANERS EQUIPPED WITH OZONE GENERATORS AND SENSOR AND FEEDBACK CONTROL CIRCUITRY |
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The paper give results of a characterization of ozone emissions from air cleaners equipped with ozone generators and sensor and feedback control circuitry. Ozone emission rates of...
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CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM THE THERMAL DESTRUCTION OF CFCS |
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The report gives results of the characterization of organic emissions resulting from the pilot-scale incineration of trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11) and dichlorodifluoromethane (CF...
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CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SPATIOTEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF NON-URBAN OZONE CONCENTRATIONS OVER THE EASTERN UNITED STATES |
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The spatial and temporal variability of the maximum 24 hourly 03 concentrations over non-urban areas of the eastern United States was examined for the period 1985-1990 using princi...
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CHARACTERIZATION OF VISIBILITY-REDUCING AEROSOLS IN THE SOUTHWEST. PROJECT VISTTA. PROGRESS REPORT NO. 1 |
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The atmospheric visibility-reducing aerosol in the Southwest has been experimentally characterized with respect to particle size, composition, and contribution to light scattering....
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CHARACTERIZING AIR QUALITY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH |
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NERL's Human Exposure and Atmospheric Sciences Division and other participants in the Public Health Air Surveillance Evaluation (PHASE) project will be presenting their results to ...
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CHEMICAL COUPLING BETWEEN ATMOSPHERIC OZONE AND PARTICULATE MATTER. (R824970) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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CHEMICAL EVALUATION AND TOXICOLOGICAL TESTING OF CONCENTRATED DISINFECTED WATERS |
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Raw water pumped from the Mississippi River was clarified and fluoridated. A portion was taken through a high pressure and filter and split into five parallel streams at a pilot sc...
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CHEMICAL HAZARD EVALUATION FOR MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES: A METHOD FOR RANKING AND SCORING CHEMICALS BY POTENTIAL HUMAN HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS |
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Between 60,000 and 100,000 of the over than 8,000,000 chemicals listed by the Chemical Abstracts Services Registry are commercially produced and are potential environmental pollut...
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CHEMICAL NATURE AND IMMUNOTOXICOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF ARACHIDONIC ACID DEGRADATION PRODUCTS FORMED BY EXPOSURE TO OZONE |
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Ozone (O3) exposure in vivo has been reported to degrade arachidonic acid (AA) in the lungs of rodents. The O3-degraded AA products may play a role in the lung responses to this to...
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CHEMICAL PRODUCTS AND TOXICOLOGIC EFFECTS OF DISINFECTION |
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Four disinfectants commonly used in U.S. water treatment--chlorine, monochloramine, chlorine dioxide, and ozone--were applied to four parallel streams in a pilot plant in Jefferson...
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CHEMICAL TRANSFORMATION MODULES FOR EULERIAN ACID DEPOSITION MODELS. VOLUME 1. THE GAS-PHASE CHEMISTRY |
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This study focuses on the review and evaluation of mechanistic and kinetic data for the gas-phase reactions that lead to the production of acidic substances in the environment. A m...
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CHEMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN ACID RAIN. VOLUME 1. NEW METHODOLOGIES FOR SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF GAS-PHASE PEROXIDE |
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New methodologies for the sampling and analysis of gas-phase peroxides (H2O2 and organic peroxides) using (a) diffusion denuder tubes and (b) gas-to-liquid transfer with prior remo...
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CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF USING CHLORINE AND OZONE FOR DISINFECTION |
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Chlorine is readily incorporated into a variety of organic materials known to be present in water subjected to chlorine-renovation procedures. The observed products can be predicte...
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CHEMILUMINESCENT MONITOR FOR VINYL CHLORIDE |
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A monitor for vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) in ambient air was constructed using commercially available components of a gas chromatograph (GC) coupled with a chemiluminescence ozone...
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CHEMISTRY OF FOG WATER IN CALIFORNIA'S CENTRAL VALLEY: 2. PHOTOCHEMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF AMINO ACIDS AND ALKYL AMINES. (R825433) |
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Although amino compounds are seemingly ubiquitous in atmospheric particles and deposition, little is known of their fate in the troposphere. We report here on the fate of 21 ami...
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CHEMISTRY OF OXIDANT FORMATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR DESIGNING EFFECTIVE CONTROL STRATEGIES |
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A simple moving box model was used to assess the effect of various control strategies on predictions of ozone formation in urban areas. It was found that the effectiveness of a pro...
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CHEMISTRY OF WATER TREATMENT PROCESSES INVOLVING OZONE, HYDROGEN PEROXIDE, AND ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION |
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Advanced oxidation processes are defined as those which involve the generation of hydroxyl radicals in sufficient quantity to affect water purification. he theoretical and practica...
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CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR 2 CONTRIBUTES TO OZONE INDUCED AIRWAY HYPERRESPONSIVENESS. (R827447) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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CHLORINATED VS. CHLORAMINATED DRINKING WATER: TOXICITY-BASED IDENTIFICATION OF DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS USING ESI-MS AND ESI-MS/MS |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) are of concern because some epidemiologic studies have shown that some DBPs are associated with cancer or adverse reproductive/develo...
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CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITIES AMONG WELDER TRAINEES |
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Serial cytogenetic observations were made on a group of 273 military recruits who were being trained as welders at Aberdeen, Maryland. The trainees were being exposed to presumably...
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CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO OZONE CAUSES RESTRICTIVE LUNG DISEASE |
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A chronic study to determine the progression and or/reversibility of ozone-induced lung disease was conducted. ale rats were exposed to a diurnal pattern of ozone (O3) for 1 wk, 3 ...
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CHRONIC OZONE EFFECTS ON THREE NORTHEASTERN HARDWOOD SPECIES: GROWTH AND BIOMASS |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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CIRCULATING CD11B EXPRESSION CORRELATES WITH THE NEUTROPHIL RESPONSE AND AIRWAY MCD-14 EXPRESSION IS ENHANCED FOLLOWING OZONE EXPOSURE IN HUMANS |
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We recently reported that baseline expression of circulating CD11b is associated with the magnitude of the neutrophil response following inhaled endotoxin. In this study, we examin...
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CIRCULATING FACTORS WHICH MODIFY LUNG CELL DNA SYNTHESIS FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO INHALED OXIDANTS. II. EFFECT OF SERUM AND LAVAGE ON LUNG PNEUMOCYTES FOLLOWING EXPOSURE OF ADULT RATS TO 1 PPM OZONE |
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Adult rats were exposed to 1 ppm (1.96 mg/m3) ozone or air for 2 weeks. nimals were sacrificed at 3,5,7 or 14 days after the onset of exposure and samples of plasma and lung lavage...
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CIRCULATING FACTORS WHICH MODIFY LUNG DNA SYNTHESIS FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO INHALED OXIDANTS I. EFFECT OF SERUM AND LAVAGE ONLUNG FIBROBLASTS FOLLOWING EXPOSURE OF ADULT RATS TO 1.0 PPM OZONE |
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Adult rats were exposed to 1 ppm (1.96 mg/m3) ozone or air for 2 weeks. nimals were sacrificed at 3, 5, 7 or 14 days after the onset of exposure and samples of plasma and lung lava...
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CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL ISOPRENE EMISSIONS |
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Emission of isoprene from vegetation affects tropospheric chemistry at the regional and global scales. rojected global climate change will potentially alter emission rates, with co...
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CLIMATE CHANGE AND ISOPRENE EMISSIONS FROM VEGETATION |
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A global model was developed for estimating spatial and temporal patterns in the emission of isoprene from vegetation under the current climate and used to estimate emissions under...
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CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS INTERACTIONS WITH AIR CHEMISTRY: PERSPECTIVES AND RESEARCH NEEDS |
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The report attempts to outline and estimate the interactions between climate change and atmospheric chemistry that need investigation on both local and/or regional and global scale...
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CLIMATE IMPACTS ON REGIONAL AIR QUALITY (CIRAQ): MODELING OZONE SENSITIVITIES TO FUTURE CLIMATE |
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Using global and regional modeling tools, predictions of future climate and ozone concentrations are developed for the continental United States. Results suggest that future chang...
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CO-DEPENDENCIES OF REACTIVE AIR TOXIC AND CRITERIA POLLUTANTS ON EMISSION REDUCTIONS |
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It is important to understand the effect of emission controls on the concentrations of ozone, PM2.5, and hazardous air pollutants simultaneously, in order to evaluate th...
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CO-EXPOSURE OF HUMAN AIRWAY EPITHELIAL CELLS TO OZONE AND PARTICULATE MATTER: EFFECTS ON ARACHIDONIC ACID METABOLISM |
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Co-exposure of human airway epithelial cells to ozone and particulate matter: effects on arachidonic acid metabolism.
D. Stamm1, L. Dailey2, M.C. Madden2
1 University of ...
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CO-OCCURRENCE OF OZONE AND ACIDIC CLOUD WATER IN HIGH-ELEVATION FORESTS |
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A chemical climatology for high-elevation forests was estimated from ozone and cloudwater acidity data collected in the eastern United States. esides frequent ozone-only and pH-onl...
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CO-OCCURRENCE OF POTENTIALLY PHYTOTOXIC CONCENTRATIONS OF VARIOUS GASEOUS AIR POLLUTANTS |
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Studies on impacts of air pollutants on vegetation have focused primarily on individual pollutants: ozone, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide. The impacts of pollutant combination...
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CO2 AND O3 ALTER PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND WATER VAPOR EXCHANGE FOR PINUS PONDEROSA NEEDLES |
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1. Effects of CO2 and O3 were determined for a key component of ecosystem carbon and water cycling: needle gas exchange (photosynthesis, conductance, transpiration and water use ef...
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COMBINED AIR POLLUTION PARTICLE AND OZONE EXPOSURE INCREASES AIRWAY HYPERRESPONSIVENESS IN MICE. (R826779) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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COMBINED EFFECT OF OZONE AND SULFURIC ACID ON PULMONARY FUNCTION IN MAN (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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A potential synergistic effect of ozone and sulfuric acid mist (H2SO4) on respiratory function has been postulated for humans exposed to these two pollutants simultaneously. Nine y...
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COMBINED EFFECT OF SULFUR DIOXIDE AND OZONE ON BEAN AND TOBACCO PLANTS |
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Plants of two cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris and one cultivar of Nicotiana tabacum were exposed to a replicated series of concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (03), and c...
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COMBINED EFFECTS OF CO2 AND O3 ON ANTIOXIDATIVE AND PHOTOPROTECTIVE DEFENSE SYSTEMS IN NEEDLES OF PONDEROSA PINE |
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To determine interactive effects of important environmental stresses on biochemical defense mechanisms of tree seedlings, we studied responses to elevated O3 and elevated atmospher...
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COMBINED EFFECTS OF OZONE AND WATER STRESS ON ALFALFA GROWTH AND YIELD (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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The interactive effects of ozone (O3) and water stress on alfalfa were studied to determine how water stress could alter these functions, and to describe the cumulative effects of ...
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COMBINED-SEWER OVERFLOW CONTROL AND TREATMENT |
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Combined-sewer overflow (CSO), along with sanitary-sewer overflow and stormwater are significant contributors of contamination to surface waters. During a rain event, the flow in a...
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COMBINING ENVIRONMENTAL DATA FROM MULTIPLE MONITORING SYSTEMS FOR RISK EXPOSURE CHARACTERIZATION |
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We consider the problem of integrating environmental data from several monitoring systems over time and space. Many different monitoring instruments and analytical techniques have...
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COMMENT ON "ON THE INDICATOR-BASED APPROACH TO ASSESS OZONE SENSITIVITIES AND EMISSIONS FEATURES. (R826765) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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COMMENTARY ON "CELLULAR, BIOCHEMICAL AND FUNCTIONAL EFFECTS OF OZONE: NEW RESEARCH PERSPECTIVES ON OZONE HEALTH EFFECTS" |
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NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE....
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COMPARISON OF ANIMAL INFECTIVITY, EXCYSTATION AND FLUOROGENIC DYE AS MEASURES OF GIARDIA MURIS CYST INACTIVATION BY OZONE |
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Giardia muris cyst viability following ozonation was compared using fluorescein diacetate-ethidium bromide staining, the C3H/HeN mouse-G. muris model, and in vitro excystation. enc...
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COMPARISON OF BIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF NITROGEN DIOXIDE, OZONE AND THEIR COMBINATION IN MOUSE LUNG. 1. INTERMITTENT EXPOSURES |
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Swiss Webster mice were exposed to either 4.8 ppm (9024 micrograms/cu.m.) nitrogen dioxide (NO2), 0.45 ppm (882 micrograms/cu.m.) ozone (O3), or their combination intermittently (8...
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COMPARISON OF CHEMILUMINESCENCE AND ULTRAVIOLET OZONE MONITOR RESPONSES IN THE PRESENCE OF HUMIDITY AND PHOTOCHEMICAL POLLUTANTS |
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The effect of water vapor and other pollutants on ozone monitoring instruments was investigated. he results of the study indicate that in systems containing ozone, water vapor and ...
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COMPARISON OF EXERCISE PARTICIPATION RATES FOR CHILDREN IN THE LITERATURE WITH THOSE IN EPA'S CONSOLIDATED HUMAN ACTIVITY DATABASE (CHAD) |
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CHAD contains over 22,000 person-days of human activity pattern survey data. Part of the database includes exercise participation rates for children 0-17 years old, as well as ...
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COMPARISON OF MEASURED AND MODELED OZONE UPTAKE INTO PLANT LEAVES |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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COMPARISON OF MEASURED AND MODELED SURFACE FLUXES OF HEAT, MOISTURE, AND CHEMICAL DRY DEPOSITION |
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Realistic air quality modeling requires accurate simulation of both meteorological and chemical processes within the planetary boundary layer (PBL). n vegetated areas, the primary ...
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COMPARISON OF NONMETHANE ORGANIC COMPOUND CONCENTRATIONS DATA COLLECTED BY TWO METHODS IN ATLANTA |
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The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, Title 1, call for "enhanced monitoring" of ozone, which is planned to include measurements of atmospheric non-methane organic compounds (NMOC'...
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COMPARISON OF OUTDOOR AND CLASSROOM OZONE EXPOSURES FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN IN MEXICO CITY |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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COMPARISON OF OZONE AND CHLORINE TOXICITY TO THE DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF STRIPED BASS, 'MORONE SAXATILIS' |
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Toxicity of ozone-produced oxidants (OPO) to striped bass, Morone saxatilis, eggs, larvae, and fingerlings were determined under continuous-flow conditions. Eggs, tested in both fr...
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COMPARISON OF OZONE CONTACTORS FOR MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER EFFLUENT DISINFECTION, PACKED COLUMN VERSUS JET SCRUBBER |
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Pilot scale investigations were made comparing two ozone contactors, a jet scrubber and a packed column, for ozone utilization and effluent coliform reduction efficiency. The conta...
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COMPARISON OF OZONE INDICATORS MONITORED AT CASTNET AND RURALLY - DESIGNATED SLAMS SITES |
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Many water-bodies within the United States are contaminated by non-point source (NPS) pollution, which is defined as those materials posing a threat to water quality arising from a...
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COMPARISON OF SCIENTIFIC FINDINGS FROM MAJOR OZONE FIELD STUDIES IN NORTH AMERICA AND EUROPE |
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During the past decade, nearly 600 million dollars were invested in more than 30 major field studies in North America and Europe examining tropospheric ozone chemistry, meteorolo...
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COMPARISON OF THE BIOCIDAL EFFICIENCY OF ALTERNATIVE DISINFECTANTS |
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Of the current potential alternatives to free residual chlorine for drinking water disinfection (ozone, chlorine dioxide, and chloroamines), ozone is the most potent biocide. Chlor...
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COMPARISON OF THE PULMONARY DEFENSES AGAINST STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTION IN RATS AND MICE FOLLOWING O3 EXPOSURE: DIFFERENCES IN DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY AND NEUTROPHIL RECRUITMENT |
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Ozone (O3) exposure produces a reduction in alveolar macrophage (AM) phagocytosis in mice, and increases their susceptibility to Streptococcus zooepidemicus. 3 exposure also decrea...
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COMPARISON OF THE RESPONSES OF CHILDREN AND ADULTS TO ACUTE OZONE EXPOSURE |
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The purpose of the paper is to compare the results of two studies in which the respiratory responses of children and adults to acute ozone (O3) exposure were measured. Forty-two 18...
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COMPARISON OF THE SPECIATED VOC COMPOSITION AT SELECTED HOUSTON, TEXAS AREA SITES FOR THE YEARS 1978 AND 2000 |
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Comparisons are presented for the C2-C12 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) observed at Houston area sites used for ambient air monitoring during special ozone field study program...
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COMPENSATIONAL THREE-WAVELENGTH DIFFERENTIAL-ABSORPTION LIDAR TECHNIQUE FOR REDUCING THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENTIAL SCATTERING ON OZONE-CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENTS. |
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A three-wavelength differential-absorption lidar (DIAL) technique for the UV spectral region is presented that reduces the influence of aerosol differential scattering on measured ...
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COMPLEX MIXTURES OF URBAN AIR POLLUTANTS: IDENTIFICATION AND COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF MUTAGENIC AND TUMORIGENIC CHEMICALS AND EMISSION SOURCES |
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Advances in the cancer risk assessment of complex mixtures of urban air pollutants requires the development of new methods to advance our understanding of low dose and inter-specie...
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COMPLEXITIES IN UNDERSTANDING ECOSYSTEM RESPONSE TO OZONE |
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Ecological risk assessment of 03 impact requires consideration of many factors that, perhaps are not of concern in human health risk assessments. The episodic nature of 03 exposur...
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COMPREHENSIVE RESPONSES OF LIPID CLASSES TO TOXIANTS AND INVOLVEMENT IN DISEASES |
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Along with genes and proteins, lipids are a key component of the cellular metabolome. Lipids can mediate the induction of some diseases such as atherosclerosis and also responses t...
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COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY: AN EMERGING TECHNOLOGY FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS IN ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY |
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Over the past three decades, atmospheric chemistry has served as an important component in developing strategies for reducing ambient concentrations of air pollutants. Laborator...
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COMPUTER COST MODELS FOR POTABLE WATER TREATMENT PLANTS |
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A series of computer programs have been developed which calculate costs for specific unit treatment processes used in water treatment plants. The programs contained in this report ...
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CONCENTRATION-TIME MODELS FOR THE EFFECTS OF OZONE ON BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID PROTEIN FROM RATS AND GUINEA PIGS |
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Questions of the adequacy of existing ozone (O3) standards prompted an examination of relationships between concentration (C) and exposure time (T) and the impact of changes in the...
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CONCENTRATIONS AND PATTERNS OF PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS IN THE U.S. |
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The report describes ozone and PAN levels at urban sites in the U.S., and of ozone at selected nonurban sites. Sample diurnal curves for ozone at suburban and nonurban sites are pr...
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CONCENTRATIONS AND PHASE DISTRIBUTIONS OF NITRATED AND OXYGENATED POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN AMBIENT AIR |
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The concentrations of nitrated and oxygenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in ambient air, both in the vapor phase and adsorbed on airborne particles, were measured over a 12-month ...
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CONCEPTUAL DESIGN FOR A GULF COAST OXIDANT TRANSPORT AND TRANSFORMATION EXPERIMENT: WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS |
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Thirty atmospheric scientists from government, industry, academia, and the private research sector participated in a workshop in November 1983, in Durham, NC to develop a conceptua...
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CONCEPTUAL DESIGN ISSUE: DEVELOPING A NEW HIGHWAY VEHICLE EMISSION ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY |
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The paper reports on EPA's effort to define the design of an ideal methodology for estimating emissions from highway vehicles. The design concept will be used by EPA to focus resea...
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CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR A CROP YIELD LOSS FUNCTION IN NONLINEAR REGRESSION |
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Quantifying the relationship between chronic pollutant exposure and the ensuing biological response requires consideration of nonlinear functions that are flexible enough to genera...
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CONSTRUCTION OF A PORTABLE COLLECTION SYSTEM FOR THE ISOTOPIC ANALYSIS OF TROPOSPHERIC OZONE. (R823117) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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CONTENDING WITH SPACE-TIME INTERACTION IN THE SPATIAL PREDICTION OF POLLUTION: VANCOUVER'S HOURLY AMBIENT PM 10 FIELD |
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In this article we describe an approach for predicting average hourly concentrations of ambient PM10 in Vancouver. We know our solution also applies to hourly ozone fields and b...
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CONTINUING MARCH OF LEGIONNAIRES DISEASE: UV MAY BE THE BEST CONTROL WEAPON IN A WEAK ARSENAL |
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This manuscript summarizes various control measures used to inactivate the causative organism of Legionnaires disease. he article reviews various chemical agents such as chlorine a...
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CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF VOC PRECURSORS |
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Section 182 (c) (1) of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments requires the EPA Administrator to promulgate rules for the enhanced monitoring of ozone, oxides of nitrogen and volatile or...
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CONTRIBUTION TO INDOOR OZONE LEVELS OF AN OZONE GENERATOR |
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This report gives results of a study of a commonly used commercially available ozone generator, undertaken to determine its impact on indoor ozone levels. xperiment were conducted ...
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CONTROL OF DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS AND BIODEGRADABLE ORGANIC MATTER THROUGH BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT |
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The optimal use of ozonation as a pretreatment process prior to biological treatment of Ohio River water was investigated at both the bench (batch) and pilot-plant (continuous flow...
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CONTROL OF OZONE DISINFECTION BY EXHAUST GAS MONITORING |
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In this paper it was demonstrated empirically that disinfection with ozone can be controlled by monitoring the exhaust gas ozone concentration exiting the contactor. This method is...
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CONTROL OF TRIHALOMETHANE PRECURSORS IN DRINKING WATER: GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON WITH AND WITHOUT PREOZONATION |
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In a pilot study that lasted 80 weeks, unozonated and ozonated waters were fed to granular activated carbon (GAC) columns to compare the removal of trihalomethane formation potenti...
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CONTROL TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW REPORT: CFC (CHLOROFLUOROCARBON) EMISSIONS FROM RIGID FOAM MANUFACTURING |
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The report estimates total chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) emissions from the various rigid foam manufacturing processes and from the foam products themselves, and examines potential meth...
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CONTROLLING NITROGEN OXIDES |
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Recent research indicates that nitrogen oxides (NOx) could be one of the most troublesome air pollutants of the 1980's. More than 20 million metric tons of NOx are annually polluti...
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CONTROLLING NOX EMISSION FROM INDUSTRIAL SOURCES |
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A number of regulatory actions focused on reducing NOx emissions from stationary combustion sources have been taken in the United States in the last decade. These action...
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CONVERSION OF FOGWATER AND AEROSOL ORGANIC NITROGEN TO AMMONIUM, NITRATE, AND NOX DURING EXPOSURE TO SIMULATED SUNLIGHT AND OZONE. (R825433) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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CORONA DESTRUCTION: AN INNOVATIVE CONTROL TECHNOLOGY FOR VOCS AND AIR TOXICS |
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The paper discusses the work and results to date leading to the emonstration of the corona destruction process at pilot scale. The research effort in corona destruction of volatile...
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CORONA DISCHARGE REACTOR FOR SELECTIVE OXIDATION OF ALCOHOLS AND HYDROCARBONS USING OZONATION AND PHOTOXIDATION OF OVER TIO2 |
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We have developed a process that combines the use of surface corona for the production of ozone by passing air or oxygen through a high voltage electrical discharge and the emitted...
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CORONA-INDUCED OZONATION COUPLED WITH PHOTOOXIDATION: AN ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY AND COST-EFFECTIVE METHOD |
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We have developed a process that uses surface corona for the production of ozone by passing air or oxygen through a high voltage electrical discharge and the emitted ultraviolet li...
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CORONA-INDUCED PHOTOXIDATION OF ALCOHOLS AND HYDROCARBONS OVER TIO2 IN THE ABSENCE OF A UV LIGHT SOURCE - A NOVEL AND ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY METHOD FOR OXIDATION |
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Corona-induced photooxidation is a novel oxidation methodology for the efficient oxidation of alcohols and hydrocarbons utilizing the advantage of both the high oxidizing power of ...
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CORRECTING PHOTOLYSIS RATES ON THE BASIS OF SATELLITE OBSERVED CLOUDS |
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Clouds can significantly affect photochemical activities in the boundary layer by altering radiation intensity, and therefore their correct specification in the air quality models ...
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CORRECTION FACTORS FOR COVARIANCE BETWEEN CONCENTRATION AND DEPOSITION VELOCITY ON CASTNET HNO3 DEPOSITION ESTIMATES |
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The covariance between hourly concentration (C) and deposition velocity (V) for various atmospheric; species may act to bias the, deposition (D) computed from the product of the w...
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CORRECTION FOR THE IMPACTS OF COVARIANCE BETWEEN CONCENTRATION AND DEPOSITION VELOCITY OR CASTNET HNO, DEPOSITION ESTIMATES |
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The covariance between hourly concentration (C) and deposition velocity (V) for various atmospheric; species may act to bias the, deposition (D) computed from the product of the we...
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CORRELATION BETWEEN OZONE EXPOSURE AND VISIBLE FOLIAR INJURY IN PONDEROSA AND JEFFREY PINES. (R825433) |
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Ozone exposure was related to ozone-induced visible foliar injury in ponderosa and Jeffrey pines growing on the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada Mountains of California. Meas...
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COTTON YIELD LOSSES AND AMBIENT OZONE CONCENTRATIONS IN CALIFORNIA'S SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY |
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Based on controlled experiments and simulation modeling, ozone air pollution has been estimated to cause significant yield losses to cotton. he study reported here was conducted to...
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COTTON YIELD RESPONSES TO OZONE AS MEDIATED BY SOIL MOISTURE AND EVAPOTRANSPIRATION |
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Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. 'SJ-2'), grown in open-top chambers in the Central Valley of California, was exposed to 6 ozone (O3) treatments ranging from charcoal-filtered (CF...
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COVARIATE MEASUREMENTS FOR INCREASING THE PRECISION OF PLANT RESPONSE TO O3 AND SO2 |
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Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. ev. Grand Rapids) and radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv. Cherry Belle) plants growing at baseline environmental conditions were exposed to charcoal-filtered...
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CRITERIA POLLUTANT AND ACID AEROSOL CHARACTERIZATION STUDY - CATANO, PUERTO RICO |
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The objective of the Catano Criteria Pollutant and Acid Aerosol Characterization study was to characterize criteria pollutant and acid aerosol concentrations in the Ward of Catano ...
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CRITICAL HEALTH ISSUES OF CRITERIA AIR POLLUTANTS |
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This chapter summarizes the key health information on ubiquitous outdoor air pollutants that can cause adverse health effects at current or historical ambient levels in the Unite...
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CRITICAL ISSUES IN INTRA- AND INTERSPECIES DOSIMETRY OF OZONE |
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Knowledge of dose at the target site is a fundamental starting point in making interspecies dosimetric comparisons. o the extent that information is available on the effective dose...
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CROP LOSS DUE TO OZONE IN NEW ENGLAND |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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CRYOGENIC PRECONCENTRATION - DIRECT FID (FRAME IONIZATION DETECTION) (PDFID) METHOD FOR MEASUREMENT OF NMOC (NON-METHANE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS) IN AMBIENT AIR |
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Accurate measurements of atmospheric concentration of non-methane organic compounds (NMOC) are necessary in the application of photochemical models that are used by states in devel...
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CRYPTOSPORIDIUM LOG INACTIVATION CALCULATION METHODS |
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Appendix O of the Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) Guidance Manual introduces the CeffT10 (i.e., reaction zone outlet C value and T10 time) method for calculating ozone CT value...
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CRYPTOSPORIDIUM LOG-INACTIVATION WITH OZONE USING EFFLUENT CT 10, GEOMETRIC MEAN CT 10 EXTENDED INTEGRATED CT 10 AND EXTENDED-CSTR CALCULATIONS |
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The draft Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule ("LT2ESWTR") contains Cryptosporidium log-inactivation CT tables. Depending on the water temperature,...
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CUMULUS CLOUD VENTING OF MIXED LAYER OZONE |
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Observations are presented which substantiate the hypothesis that significant vertical exchange of ozone and aerosols (and possibly other compounds) occurs between the mixed layer ...
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CURRENT RESEARCH OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY ON AUTOMOTIVE CRITERIA POLLUTANTS |
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The HERL conducts a variety of investigations of the health effects of air pollutants to serve as criteria for the reevaluation of National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Human cli...
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CYANIDE HEAP BIOLOGICAL DETOXIFICATION - PHASE II |
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Many active mine sites, mines in the closure stage and some abandoned mines are and have utilized cyanidation to remove and recover precious metals. Discharges from these sites nor...
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DAILY SIMULATION OF OZONE AND FINE PARTICULATES OVER NEW YORK STATE: FINDINGS AND CHALLENGES |
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This study investigates the potential utility of the application of a photochemical modeling system in providing simultaneous forecasts of ozone (O3) and fine particulat...
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DAILY SIMULATIONS OF OZONE AND FINE PARTICULATES OVER THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES: MODEL PERFORMANCE, SEASONAL DIFFERENCES, AND THE EFFECT OF MODEL UPDATES |
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This poster presents analysis of near-realtime air quality simulations over New York State for two summer and one winter season. Simulations were performed as a pilot study between...
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DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR RAPID KINETIC EXPERIMENTS |
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A data acquisition system has been developed to collect, analyze and store large volumes of rapid kinetic data measured from a stopped-flow spectrophotometer. A digital minicompute...
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DATA FROM A SOLAR ULTRAVIOLET MONITORING NETWORK |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, in conjunction with the National Park Service, operates a network of 21 spectrophotometers, measuring spectrally-resolved, surface UV ra...
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DATA FROM EPA'S UV MONITORING NETWORK |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, in cooperation with the National Park Service, has deployed 21 Brewer spectrophotometers in a national network for monitoring UV radiati...
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DATA USER'S GUIDE TO THE MOUNTAIN CLOUD CHEMISTRY PROJECT |
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Atmospheric pollution is deposited on the forests of the eastern United States in a variety of forms. oncern has been raised that the exposure to and deposition of these atmospheri...
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DAY OF THE WEEK VARIATIONS OF PHOTOCHEMICAL POLLUTANTS IN THE ST. LOUIS AREA |
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As part of the Environmental Protection Agency's Regional Air Pollution Study (RAPS) a network of 25 stations continuously recorded aerometric data in the Greater St. Louis area. V...
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DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM TO ENHANCE AND ENCOURAGE SUSTAINABLE CHEMICAL PROCESS DESIGN |
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There is an opportunity to minimize the potential environmental impacts (PEIs) of industrial chemical processes by providing process designers with timely data nad models elucidati...
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DECONVOLUTION OF SOIL CO2 EFFLUX FROM ROOT, LITTER, AND SOM COMPONENTS IN A PONDEROSA PINE MESOCOSM EXPERIMENT EXPOSED TO ELEVATED CO2 OZONE |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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DECREMENTS IN OLFACTORY SENSITIVITY DUE TO OZONE EXPOSURE |
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Approximate olfactory thresholds were determined in an exploratory study in which subjects were exposed to ozone (O3). The odorants were butyl alcohol (BA) and acetic acid (AA). Pr...
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DELIVERING TIMELY AIR QUALITY, TRAFFIC, AND WEATHER INFORMATION TO YOUR COMMUNITY/THE PASO DEL NORTE ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROJECT |
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EPA has developed a technology transfer handbook for the EMPACT Paso del Norte Project. The EMPACT Paso del Norte Environmental Monitoring Project is a mobile vehicle emissions pro...
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DEMONSTRATION BULLETIN - ULTROX INTERNATIONAL, INC. ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION AND OXIDATION |
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The ultraviolet (UV) radiation/oxidation treatment technology developed by
Ultrox International uses a combination of UV radiation, ozone, and hydrogen peroxide to oxidize orga...
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DEMONSTRATION OF A SCENARIO APPROACH FOR TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT: TRANSPORTATION SECTOR |
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EPA’s Office of Research and Development (ORD) is pursuing an Air Quality Assessment that will examine the potential consequences of global change on tropospheric ozone and particu...
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DEMONSTRATION OF EMERGING AREA SOURCE PREVENTION OPTIONS FORVOLATILE ORGANICS |
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The paper describes, and gives the status of, a research program toreduce volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from stationaryarea sources by developing, evaluating, and/or de...
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DEMONSTRATION OF THE HIPOX ADVANCED OXIDATION TECHNOLOGY FOR THE TREATMENT OF MTBE-CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER |
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The HiPOx technology is an advanced oxidation process that incorporates high-precision delivery of ozone and hydrogen peroxide to chemically destroy organic contaminants with the p...
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DEMONSTRATION OF THE HIPOX ADVANCED OXIDATION TECHNOLOGY FOR THE TREATMENT OF MTBE-CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER |
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The HiPOx technology is an advanced oxidation process that incorporates high-precision delivery of ozone and hydrogen peroxide to chemically destroy organic contaminants with the p...
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DERMAL, ORAL AND INHALATION PHARMACOKINETICS OF METHYL TERTIARY-BUTYL ETHER (MTBE) IN HUMAN VOLUNTEERS |
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Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), a gasoline additive used to increase octane and reduce carbon monoxide emissions and ozone precursors, has contaminated drinking water and c...
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DERMAL, ORAL, AND INHALATION PHARMACOKINETICS OF METHYL TERTIARY BUTYL ETHER (MTBE) IN HUMAN VOLUNTEERS |
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Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), a gasoline additive, used to increase octane and reduce carbon monoxide emissions and ozone precursors has contaminated drinking water leading t...
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DESIGN AND APPLICATIONS OF THE REGIONAL OXIDANT MODEL (ROM) |
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The basic design of the EPA's Regional Oxidant Model (ROM) is described and preliminary results are presented of a study of the impact of biogenic hydrocarbon emissions on ozone co...
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DESIGN ARTIFACTS IN EULERIAN REGIONAL AIR QUALITY MODELS: EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF LAYER THICKNESS AND VERTICAL PROFILE CORRECTION ON SURFACE OZONE CONCENTRATIONS |
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Evaluation studies of the Regional Acid Deposition Model (RADM) results have revealed that there exists high bias of surface SO2 and O3 concentrations by the model, especially duri...
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DESIGN MANUAL: MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER DISINFECTION |
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This manual provides a comprehensive source of information to be used in the design of disinfection facilities for municipal wastewater treatment plants. he manual includes design ...
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DESIGN OF LARGE-SCALE AIR MONITORING NETWORKS |
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The potential effects of air pollution on human health have received much attention in recent years. In the U.S. and other countries, there are extensive large-scale monitoring net...
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DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR MULTISCALE AIR QUALITY MODELS |
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Society (as mandated by the clean Air Act) requires that we protect our environment and minimize human exposure to harmful air pollutants with National Ambient Air Quality Standard...
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DESIGNING ENVIRONMENTAL, ECONOMIC AND ENERGY EFFICIENT CHEMICAL PROCESSES |
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The design and improvement of chemical processes can be very challenging. The earlier energy conservation, process economics and environmental aspects are incorporated into the pr...
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DESIGNING ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY CHEMICAL PROCESSES |
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The design of a chemical process involves many aspects: from profitability, flexibility and reliability to safety to the environment. While each of these is important, in this work...
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DESTRUCTION OF ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS BY CATALYTIC OXIDATION |
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The paper discusses the effectiveness of two catalytic systems in destroying specific organic compounds (jet fuel components, chlorinated solvents). (NOTE: Catalytic incineration i...
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DETECTION AND INACTIVATION OF ENTERIC VIRUSES IN WASTEWATER |
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This report covers studies on the development and evaluation of methods for concentrating and assaying low levels of viruses in large volumes of water as well as studies on the use...
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DETECTION OF 180-LABELED OXIDATION PRODUCTS IN URINE OF RATS EXPOSED TO 180-OZONE |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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DETECTION OF RADICALS PRODUCED IN VIVO DURING INHALATION EXPOSURE TO OZONE: USE OF VARIOUS SPIN TRAPS |
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Ozone is known to induce lipid peroxidation of lung tissue, although no direct evidence of free radical formation has been reported. e have used the electron paramagnetic resonance...
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DETERMINATIN OF DRY DEPOSITION RATES FOR OZONE |
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The report presents ozone (03) velocity deposition (V(d)) measurements over three different vegetation types at three different geographic locations in the United States. The purpo...
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DETERMINATION OF ABSORBED DOSE OF OZONE (O3) IN ANIMALS AND HUMANS USING STABLE ISOTOPE (OXYGEN-18) TRACING |
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A method for the determination of absorbed dose of ozone (03) in animals and humans using oxygen-18 (18)O as a physiological tracer is presented. The experimental aspects of the me...
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DETERMINATION OF AMBIENT AIR HYDROCARBONS IN 39 U.S. CITIES |
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Compliance with the NAAQS for ozone will require the reduction of non-methane organic carbon (NMOC). To this end speciated hydrocarbons were determined for over 800 ambient air sam...
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DETERMINATION OF C2 TO C12 AMBIENT AIR HYDROCARBONS IN 39 U.S. CITIES FROM 1984 THROUGH 1986 |
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Currently more than 60 urban areas are not in compliance with the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for ozone. The use of photochemical models will be necessart to fore...
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DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECTS OF MATERIAL FROM ALTERNATE ENERGY SOURCES ON THE UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT CLEARANCE MECHANISM. PART I: IN VITRO EXPOSURE TO PARTICULATE POLLUTANTS. PART II: IN VIVO EXPOSURE TO OZONE |
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Studies were conducted to measure the toxic effects of a variety of substances from the environment on the clearance mechanism of the upper respiratory tract using an in vitro hams...
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DEVELOMENT AND EVALUATION OF A MODEL FOR ESTIMATING LONG-TERM AVERAGE OZONE EXPOSURES TO CHILDREN |
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Long-term average exposures of school-age children can be modelled using longitudinal measurements collected during the Harvard Southern California Chronic Ozone Exposure Study ove...
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DEVELOPING A CONSISTENT DECISION-MAKING FRAMEWORK BY USING THE U.S. EPA'S TRACI |
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The most effective way to achieve long-term environmental results is through the use of a consistent set of metrics and decision-making framework. The U.S. EPA has developed TRACI,...
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DEVELOPING A METHOD TO CONSTRUCT DOSE-RESPONSE CURVES FOR RATS CHRONICALLY EXPOSED TO OZONE |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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DEVELOPING A TOOL FOR ENVIRONMENTALLY PREFERABLE PURCHASING |
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LCA-based guidance was developed by EPA under the Framework for Responsible Environmental Decision Making (FRED) effort to demonstrate how to conduct a relative comparison between ...
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DEVELOPING A TOOL FOR ENVIRONMENTALLY PREFERABLE PURCHASING: JOURNAL ARTICLE |
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NRMRL-CIN-1246 Curran*, M.A. Developing a Tool for Environmentally Preferable Purchasing. Environmental Management and Health (Filho, W.L. (Ed.), MCB University Press) 12 (3):244...
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DEVELOPING AND IMPLEMENTING AN UPDATED CHLORINE CHEMISTRY INTO THE COMMUNITY MULTISCALE AIR QUALITY MODEL |
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The study presents an updated chlorine mechanism and evaluates the effects of chlorine emissions on ozone concentrations in the western United States. ...
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DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF A NEW AIR POLLUTION MODELING SYSTEM. PART III: AEROSOL-PHASE SIMULATIONS (R823186) |
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Result from a new air pollution model were tested against data from the Southern California Air Quality Study (SCAQS) period of 26-29 August 1987. Gross errors for sulfate, sodium,...
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DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF THE CMAQ PLUME-IN-GRID MODEL |
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The poster depicts the dynamic and chemical processes simulated by the Plume-in-Grid (PinG) model, which is fully integrated in the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Eulerian...
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DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A SMALL ACTIVE OZONE SAMPLER |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF A SURROGATE SPECIES CHEMICAL REACTION MECHANISM. VOLUME 1 |
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A photochemical reaction mechanism has been updated and extensively evaluated. The testing and refinement of the surrogate species mechanism was performed in order to create an imp...
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DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF A SURROGATE SPECIES CHEMICAL REACTION MECHANISM. VOLUME 2 |
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A photochemical reaction mechanism has been updated and extensively evaluated. The testing and refinement of the surrogate species mechanism was performed in order to create an imp...
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DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF THE CBM-IV (CARBON-BOND MECHANISM) FOR URBAN AND REGIONAL MODELING |
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The development and testing of an updated Carbon Bond Mechanism (CBM) is described. The new mechanism, called CBM-IV, was designed for use in EPA's OZIPM-EKMA model. The mechanism,...
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DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A METHOD FOR MEASURING EXEMPT VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AND CARBON DIOXIDE IN CONSUMER PRODUCTS |
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The report describes the development and validation of a method for measuring exempt volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbon dioxide in consumer products. (NOTE: Ground-level ...
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DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPREHENSIVE, MULTISCALE "ONE ATMOSPHERE" MODELING SYSTEM: APPLICATION TO THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS. (R826372) |
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A comprehensive three-dimensional Eulerian photochemical model (URM-1ATM) was developed that simulates urban and regional gas and size-resolved aerosol concentrations of polluta...
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DEVELOPMENT OF A CT EQUATION FOR THE INACTIVATION OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM OOCYSTS WITH OZONE |
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Cryptosporidium parvum, a protozoan parasite, has been implicated in a number of waterborne disease outbreaks. It is difficult to inactivate using free chlorine, but appears to be ...
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DEVELOPMENT OF A CT EQUATION FOR THE INACTIVATION OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM OOCYSTS WITH OZONE |
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Cryptosporidium parvum, a protozoan parasite, has been implicated in a number of disease outbreaks. It is difficult to inactivate using free chlorine, but appears to be inactivated...
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DEVELOPMENT OF A CT EQUATION TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION THE EFFECT OF LOT VARIABILITY ON THE INACTIVATION OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM OOCYSTS WITH OZONE |
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Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts are prevalent in surface water and ground water under the influence of surface water, and are difficult to inactivate using free chlorine, the...
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DEVELOPMENT OF A CT QUATION FOR THE INACTIVATION OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM OOCYSTS BY CHLORINE DIOXIDE |
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Cryptosporidium parvum, a protozoan parasite that is highly resistant to chlorine, has been implicated in a number of waterborne disease outbreaks. This organism appears, however, ...
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DEVELOPMENT OF AN ACTIVE PERSONAL OZONE SAMPLER USING A HOLLOW TUBE DIFFUSION DENUDER |
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Personal, microenvironmental and indoor ozone monitoring is currently conducted using a lightweight, inexpensive sampling device. lthough the passive device is adequate for many st...
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DEVELOPMENT OF AN IMPROVED URBAN AIRSHED MODELING SYSTEM |
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A research and development effort to improve certain physical processes simulated in the Urban Airshed Model (UAM) processor and model programs, and to update the computer software...
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DEVELOPMENT OF EXPOSURE-RESPONSE MODELS FOR THE ACUTE RESPIRATORY EFFECTS OF INHALED IRRITANTS IN HUMANS |
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In order to conduct quantitative risk assessment with minimal uncertainty for short-term exposure to ozone and other respiratory irritants, one must identify exposure-response (E-R...
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DEVELOPMENT OF IMPROVED ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES FOR DETERMINATION OF ASBESTOS IN WATER SAMPLES |
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Sample preparation techniques were examined for the analysis of asbestos fiber concentrations in water. The carbon-coated Nuclepore technique using a polycarbonate filter proved to...
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DEVELOPMENT OF OZONE REACTIVITY SCALES FOR VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS |
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Methods for developing a numerical scale ranking reactivities of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) towards ozone formation were investigated. ffects of small VOC additions on ozone...
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DEVELOPMENT OF QUALITY ASSURANCE AND QUALITY CONTROL GUIDANCE FOR GROUND-BASED REMOTE SENSORS FOR USE IN REGULATORY MONITORING |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) authority for enhanced monitoring activities is provided for in Title I, Section 182 of the Clean Air Act Amendment of 1990. or exa...
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DEVELOPMENT OF SEASONAL AND ANNUAL BIOGENIC EMISSIONS INVENTORIES FOR THE U.S. AND CANADA |
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The report describes the development of a biogenic emissions inventory for the U.S. and Canada, to assess the role of biogenic emissions in ozone formation. Emission inventories we...
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DEVELOPMENT OF SULFUR DIOXIDE AND OZONE EXPOSURE PROFILES THAT MIMIC AMBIENT CONDITIONS IN THE RURAL SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES |
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A design for constructing experimental mixed-pollutant exposure profiles that reflect regional O3 and SO2 ambient air quality is described. The profiles were developed using hourly...
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DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGIONAL OXIDANT MODEL VERSION 2.1 |
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This report describes improvements that were made to version 2.0 of the Regional Oxidant Model (ROM) in order to create version 2.1. The ROM is an Eulerian grid model that calculat...
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DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY EVALUATION OF WATER FROM ALTERNATIVE DISINFECTION SCENARIOS |
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NAROTSKY1, M.G., D.S. BEST1, E.H. ROGERS1, A. McDONALD1, Y.M. SEY1, E.S. HUNTER III 1, L.K. TEUSCHLER2, R.J. MILTNER3, T.F. SPETH3, G. RICE2, K.M. SCHENCK3, S.D. RICHARDSON4, M.C. ...
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DEVELOPMENTS AT INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH (8TH), HELD IN SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA ON OCTOBER 17-22, 1976 |
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This report is a critical analysis of formal and informal developments of potential interest to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency at the Eighth International Conference on W...
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DEVELOPMENTS IN CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF CONTAMINATED SOIL |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Research and Development (ORD) is examining processes for remedial action at Superfund sites, and corrective action at operatin...
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DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF OZONE IN THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES BASED ON APPLICATIONS OF THE REGIONAL OXIDANT MODEL (ROM) |
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This paper describes the diagnostic study of the ozone problem in the Northeastern United States based on simulations performed with the Regional Oxidant Model (ROM) and numerical ...
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DIAGNOSTIC STUDY OF MESOSCALE ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICAL AND CHEMICALPROCESSES IN SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES MOUNTAINOUS LOCATIONS |
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Several field studies (cf., Fehsenfeld et al., 1983; Angle and Sandhu, 1989; Peake and Fong, 1990; Wunderli and Gehrig, 1990 Aneja et al., 1991; Aneja and Li, 1992) have indicated ...
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DICARBOXYLIC ACID CONCENTRATION TRENDS AND SAMPLING ARTIFACTS |
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Dicarboxylic acids associated with airborne particulate matter were measured during a summer period in Philadelphia that included multiple air pollution episodes. Samples were coll...
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DIE BEWERTUNG VON OZONREAKTOREN |
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Evaluation of Ozone Reactors
The use of lake water as drinking water resource involves a multistage treatment procedure. Food-related laws and regulations, in particular the f...
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DIESEL AND CARBON PARTICLES ENHANCE HOUSE DUST MITE-INDUCED PULMONARY HYPERSENSITIVITY IN BROWN NORWAY RATS |
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Diesel and Carbon Particles Enhance House Dust Mite-Induced Pulmonary Hypersensitivity in Brown Norway Rats. P. Singh1, M.J. Daniels2, D. Winsett2, J. Richards2, K. Crissman2, M. ...
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DIETARY ANTIOXIDANTS AND OZONE-INDUCED BRONCHIAL HYPERRESPONSIVENESS IN ADULTS WITH ASTHMA. (R827355C002) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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DIETARY VITAMIN E DEFICIENCY AS A MODIFIER OF THE ASSOCIATIONS OF RESPIRATORY OUTCOMES WITH AIR POLLUTION IN ADOLESCENTS |
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Introduction: We investigated whether low dietary intake of the lipophilic antioxidant vitamin E may act as a modifier of chronic air pollution's associations with respiratory out...
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DIFFERENCES IN ABOVE- AND BELOW-GROUND RESPONSES TO OZONE BETWEEN TWO POPULATIONS OF A PERENNIAL GRASS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF OZONE ON LUNG EPITHELIAL LINING FLUID VOLUME AND PROTEIN CONTENT |
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Urea dilution has been used to estimate the volume of epithelial lining fluid (ELF) in the respiratory tract. owever, ELF volume may be overestimated as the result of rapid net dif...
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DIFFERENTIAL FOLIAR SENSITIVITY OF SOYBEAN CULTIVARS TO OZONE ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENTIAL ENZYME ACTIVITIES |
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Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivars Dare and Hood were exposed to Ozone (980 micrograms/cu m) for 2 h to determine if differences in cultivar sensitivity were associated wit...
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DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSES OF IMMATURE AND MATURE MICE TO SUBACUTE OZONE EXPOSURE. (R827447) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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DISCERNING CHANGES IN ANTHROPOGENIC OZONE IN THE PRESENCE OF METEOROLOGICAL FLUCTUATIONS. (R825260) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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DISEASE-SPECIFIC SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ACUTE OZONE-INDUCED INJURY AND INFLAMMATION IN EIGHT RAT STRAINS |
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Susceptibility to environmental pollutant-induced injuries may be influenced by presence of disease and genetic make-up. To identify disease-specific susceptibility phenotype, we u...
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DISINFECTANT CHEMISTRY IN DRINKING WATER: OVERVIEW OF IMPACTS ON DRINKING WATER QUALITY |
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Chemicals commonly considered for use as disinfectants in municipal drinking water treatment are chlorine, chloramines, chlorine dioxide, and ozone. Considerations such as disinfec...
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DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCT CONTROL THROUGH BIOLOGICAL FILTRATION |
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Disinfection by-product (DBP) control through biofiltration is defined as the removal of DBP precursor mateterial (PM) by bacteria attached to the filte nedia. The PM consists of d...
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DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCT FORMATION AND CONTROL BY OZONATION AND BIOTREATMENT |
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There is increasing interest in using ozone in water treatment because it is a strong disinfectant and is able to oxidize the precursors of some disinfection by-products (DBPs). ow...
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DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCT FORMATION BY ALTERNATIVE DISINFECTANTS AND REMOVAL BY GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON |
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The effects of the use of the alternative disinfectants on the formation of halogenated disinfection by–products (DBPs) including total organic halide, trihalomethanes, haloa...
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DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCT FORMATION BY ALTERNATIVE DISINFECTANTS AND REMOVAL BY GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON |
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The effects of the use of the alternative disinfectants on the formation of halogenated disinfection by-products (DBPS) including total organic halide, trihalomethanes, haloacetic ...
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DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS AND OTHER EMERGING CONTAMINANTS IN DRINKING WATER |
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Although drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) have been studied for the last 30 years, significant, new concerns have arisen. These concerns include adverse reproductive...
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DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS OF EMERGING CONCERN: RESULTS OF A U.S. NATIONWIDE OCCURRENCE STUDY |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) are of concern because some epidemiologic studies have shown that some DBPs are associated with cancer or adverse reproductive/develo...
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DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS OF HEALTH CONCERN IN DRINKING WATER: RESULTS OF A U.S. NATIONWIDE OCCURRENCE STUDY |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) are of concern because some epidemiologic studies have shown that some DBPs are associated with cancer or adverse reproductive/develo...
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DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS: THE NEXT GENERATION |
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Disinfection of drinking water is rightly hailed as a major public health triumph of the 20th Century. Before widespread disinfection of drinking water in the U.S. and Europe, mil...
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DISINFECTION EFFICIENCY AND RESIDUAL TOXICITY OF SEVERAL WASTEWATER DISINFECTANTS. VOLUME I. GRANDVILLE, MICHIGAN |
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This study was conducted to determine the comparative effectiveness of chlorine, bromine chloride, and ozone as wastewater disinfectants, and to determine any residual toxicity ass...
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DISINFECTION EFFICIENCY AND RESIDUAL TOXICITY OF SEVERAL WASTEWATER DISINFECTANTS. VOLUME II. WYOMING, MICHIGAN |
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This study was conducted to determine the comparative effectiveness of chlorine, bromine chloride, and ozone as wastewater disinfectants, and to determine any residual toxicity ass...
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DISINFECTION FOR POTABLE REUSE |
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Potable reuse requires a multiple barrier approach to control pathogens from a grossly contaminated source. The primary multiple pathogen barriers used at the Denver Potable Water ...
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DISINFECTION OF EMERGING PATHOGENS |
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There is a growing awareness of the need to control waterborne microbial pathogens. This presentation will concentate on the role of chemical inactivation, using chlorine, chlorami...
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DISINFECTION OF FILTERED AND UNFILTERED SECONDARY EFFLUENT IN TWO OZONE CONTACTORS |
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of filtration of secondary effluent on the mass transfer and disinfection efficiencies of two ozone contactors. The two conta...
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DISINFECTION OF SECONDARY EFFLUENT WITH OZONE/UV (ULTRAVIOLET) |
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In this paper data were presented in an attempt to determine whether the combination of UV light and ozone would be sufficiently better than either disinfectant alone to justify im...
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DISINFECTION, Chapter 4 |
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Wet-weather flow has been shown to be a significant contributor to microbial contamination of receiving waters. The presence of pathogens in SW and CSO, as well as their potential...
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DISTRIBUTION AND REPRODUCIBILITY OF SPIROMETRIC RESPONSE TO OZONE BY GENDER AND AGE |
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Subjects were healthy nonsmoking men (n = 146) and women (n = 94) 18-60 yr old. Initially, each subject was exposed for 1.5 h to 0.42 ppm O3. Forty-seven individuals were later ree...
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DISTRIBUTION OF INJURY AND MICRODOSIMETRY OF OZONE IN THE VENTILATORY UNIT OF THE RAT |
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The distribution of ozone-induced injury across the ventilatory unit was determined and compared to a predicted distribution of ozone dose across the some units in order to evaluat...
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DIURNAL AND WEEKDAY VARIATIONS IN SOURCE CONTRIBUTIONS OF OZONE PRECURSORS IN CALIFORNIA'S SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN. (R826237) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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DIURNAL CURVES OF TROPOSPHERIC OZONE IN THE WESTERN UNITED STATES |
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Diurnal curves of tropospheric ozone are characterized for the areas near coniferous forests in the western U.S. iven day of hourly data can be placed into one of 17 classes of diu...
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DNA AS A SOLAR DOSIMETER IN THE OCEAN |
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Increased solar UV-B radiation of the oceans' top layers may result from atmospheric ozone depletion and may cause deleterious effects on marine organisms. his report presents meas...
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DO FUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN HUMANS CORRELATE WITH THE AIRWAY REMOVAL EFFICIENCY OF OZONE |
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One of the more commonly observed responses to acute exposure to ambient levels of ozone during exercise is a decline in tidal volume and an increase in breathing frequency. It has...
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DOAS URBAN POLLUTION MEASUREMENTS |
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During July and August of 1990, a differential optical absorption spectrometer (DOAS) made by OPSIS Inc. was used to measure gaseous air pollutants over three separate open paths i...
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DOES CHRONIC OZONE EXPOSURE LEAD TO LUNG DISEASE? |
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The potential role of ozone in the induction of chronic lung diseases remains unclear. sing an ambient profile adopted from aerometric data from the Southwest Air Basin, rats were ...
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DOES HIGH DOSE SUPPLEMENTATION WITH VITAMIN C PROTECT AGAINST OZONE EXPOSURE? |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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DOSE-RESPONSE FUNCTIONS FOR EFFECTS OF ACIDIC PRECIPITATION ON VEGETATION |
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Contamination of the atmosphere by gaseous, liquid, and solid components generated by anthropogenic emissions has been known for more than a century. Some of these pollutants, name...
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DOSIMETRY OF OZONE AND NITROGEN DIOXIDE IN MAN AND ANIMALS |
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Agreement between experimental data on maximum morphological damage and maximal predicated tissue does offers promise that mathematical dosimetry models can contribute to a better ...
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DRINKING WATER AND LEGIONNAIRES' DISEASE |
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Pneumonia outbreaks caused by Legionella species recently have been epidemiologically linked to potable water distribution systems in hospitals and hotels. Showerheads were confirm...
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DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS: WHAT IS KNOWN |
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Chlorine, ozone, chlorine dioxide, and chloramine are currently the major disinfectants being used to disinfect drinking water. Although the alternative disinfectants (ozone, chlor...
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DRY DEPOSITION FLUX CALCULATIONS FOR THE NATIONAL DRY DEPOSITION NETWORK |
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The National Dry Deposition Network (NDDN) was established in 1987 to document the magnitude, spatial variability, and trends in dry deposition of ozone and acidic particles and ga...
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DRY DEPOSITION MODULE FOR REGIONAL ACID DEPOSITION |
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Methods to compute surface dry deposition velocities for sulfur dioxide, sulfate, ozone, NO plus NO2, and nitric acid vapor over much of the North American continent have been deve...
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DRY DEPOSITION OF POLLUTANTS TO FORESTS |
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We report on the results of an extensive field campaign to measure dry deposition of ozone and sulfur dioxide to a sample of forest types in the United States. Measurements were...
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DURATION OF INCREASED PULMONARY FUNCTION SENSITIVITY TO AN INITIAL OZONE EXPOSURE |
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The metabolic and pulmonary function effects were investigated in 6 non-smoking, young adults who were exposed for 2 hours (22 deg. WBGT) to: (1) Filtered air (FA), (2) 0.45 ppm oz...
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DYNAMIC EVALUATION OF REGIONAL AIR QUALITY MODELS: ASSESSING CHANGES TO O 3 STEMMING FROM CHANGES IN EMISSIONS AND METEOROLOGY |
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Regional-scale air quality models are used to estimate the response of air pollutants to potential emission control strategies as part of the decision-making process. Traditionally...
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Determination of BROMATE AT PARTS-PER-TRILLION LEVELS BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY WITH NEGATIVE CHEMICAL IONIZATION |
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The ozonation of bromide-containing source waters produces bromate as a class 2B carcinogenic disinfection by-product. The present work describes the determination of bromate by ga...
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Diagnostic Analyses of a Regional Air Quality Model: Changes in Modeled Processes Affecting Ozone and Chemical-Transport Indicators from NOx Point Source Emission Reductions |
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The impact of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission reductions from major point sources on the key physical and chemical processes contributing to ozone formation and accumulati...
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ECOLOGICAL AND NONHUMAN BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF SOLAR UV-B RADIATION |
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Recent studies regarding the impact of UV-B radiation upon ecological and nonhuman biological systems is the subject of the report. For years scientists and laymen alike have causa...
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ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF OZONE ON AGRICULTURE |
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Past attempts to assess the monetary impacts of ozone or other air pollutants on agriculture have had only sparse plant science information on which to base an assessment. This pap...
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ECONOMIC GROWTH ANALYSIS SYSTEM: REFERENCE MANUAL |
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The two-volume report describes the development of, and provides information needed to operate, a prototype Economic Growth Analysis System (E-GAS) modeling system. he model will b...
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ECONOMIC GROWTH ANALYSIS SYSTEM: REFERENCE MANUAL - VERSION 2.0 |
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The two-volume report describes the development of and provides information needed to operate, the Economic Growth Analysis System (E-GAS) Version 2.0 model. he model will be used ...
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ECONOMIC GROWTH ANALYSIS SYSTEM: USER'S GUIDE |
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The two-volume report describes the development of, and provides information needed to operate, a prototype Economic Growth Analysis System (E-GAS) modeling system. he model will b...
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ECONOMIC GROWTH ANALYSIS SYSTEM: USER'S GUIDE - VERSION 2.0 |
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The two-volume report describes the development of and provides information needed to operate, the Economic Growth Analysis System (E-GAS) Version 2.0 model. he model will be used ...
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ECOSYSTEM RESPONSES TO INCREASES IN SOLAR ULTRAVIOLET-B RADIATION |
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Terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems represent complex, interconnected assemblages of organisms which Interact with each other and their physical environment. n understanding of how ...
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EFFECT OF 'IN VIVO' OZONE EXPOSURE TO DORSET SHEEP, AN ANIMAL MODEL WITH LOW LEVELS OF ERYTHROCYTE GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITY |
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Considerable interest has recently been directed to the possible extrapulmonary effects caused by exposure to ambient ozone. Studies have now demonstrated that ozone exposure may r...
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EFFECT OF AN OZONE INJURY RETARDANT CHEMICAL ON ISOZYME PROFILES FROM ALFALFA CALLUS IN VITRO |
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Plant ozone injury retardant (EDU or ethylenediurea) at 1.0 ppm inhibited growth of callus of alfalfa cultivars Williamsburg (ozone-sensitive) and MSB-CW5An2(ozone-insensitive) ger...
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EFFECT OF ANTIOXIDANT SUPPLEMENTATION ON OZONE-INDUCED LUNG INJURY IN HUMAN SUBJECTS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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EFFECT OF ANTIOXIDANT SUPPLEMENTATION ON OZONE-INDUCED LUNG INJURY IN HUMAN SUBJECTS |
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Epidemiological, in vitro and animal studies suggest that dietary antioxidants can modulate the cellular and physiologic effects of ozone (O3) inhalation in humans. To determine ...
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EFFECT OF BACKGROUND ORGANIC MATTER FROM SURFACE WATERS ON THE ACTIVATED CARBON ADSORPTION OF SPECIFIC ORGANIC COMPOUNDS |
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A study was conducted to evaluate how background organic matter found in surface waters can affect the adsorption kinetics and capacity of cis-1,2-dichloroethene. he study further ...
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EFFECT OF BROMIDE ION IN WATER TREATMENT. 2. A LITERATURE REVIEW OF OZONE AND BROMIDE ION INTERACTIONS AND THE FORMATION OF ORGANIC BROMINE COMPOUNDS |
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Where bromide ion is found in water used as a source of drinking water, and chlorination is used for disinfection, bromide ion is oxidized to bromine and can result in the formatio...
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EFFECT OF DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES ON HUMAN NASAL LAVAGE CELLS AND DNA ADDUCTS |
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The overall aim of this study is to determine (using a nasal challenge model) the effect of diesel exhaust particles (DEP) on nasal responses including induction of inflammation, i...
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EFFECT OF DIETHYLHYDROXYLAMINE ON SMOG CHAMBER IRRADIATIONS |
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The addition of diethylhydroxylamine (DEHA) to the urban atmosphere had been suggested as a means of preventing photochemical smog. Smog chamber studies were carried out to investi...
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EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO PAN AND OZONE ON SUSCEPTIBILITY TO CHRONIC BACTERIAL INFECTION |
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The effects of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and ozone (O3) on susceptibility of mice and guinea pigs to chronic and acute respiratory infections were studied. The agent used for the ...
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EFFECT OF IN VIVO OZONE EXPOSURE TO DORSET SHEEP, AN ANIMAL MODEL WITH LOW LEVELS OF ERYTHROCYTE GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITY (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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Female Dorset sheep were exposed in vivo to ambient ozone levels of 0.12 ppm, 0.25 ppm, 0.50 ppm, 0.70 ppm for 2.75 hours and the effects of this exposure upon erythrocytes were st...
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EFFECT OF METHYL LINOLEATE HYDROPEROXIDE (MLHP), A POSSIBLE TOXIC INTERMEDIATE OF OZONE, ON HUMAN NORMAL AND GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE (G-6-PD) DEFICIENT ERYTHROCYTES |
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Erythrocytes of both normal and G-6-PD deficient humans responded in a dose-dependent manner to the oxidant stress of MLHP as measured by decreases in G-6-PD activity, increases in...
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EFFECT OF METHYL OLEATE HYDROPEROXIDE, A POSSIBLE TOXIC OZONE INTERMEDIATE, ON HUMAN NORMAL AND GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE-DEFICIENT ERYTHROCYTES |
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Erythrocytes of both normal and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD)-deficient humans responded in a dose-dependent manner to the oxidant stress of methyl oleate hydroperoxid...
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EFFECT OF METHYL OLEATE OZONIDE, A POSSIBLE OZONE INTERMEDIATE, ON NORMAL AND G-6-PD DEFICIENT ERYTHROCYTES |
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While ozone (O3) has long been recognized as a respiratory tract irritant (STOKINGER 1957, 1965; YOUNG & SHAW 1964; MENZEL 1976), it has also been unequivocally established that it...
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EFFECT OF OZONATED WATER ON THE ASSIMILABLE ORGANIC CARBON AND COLIFORM GROWTH RESPONSE VALUES AND ON PATHOGENIC BACTERIA SURVIVAL |
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The assimilable organic carbon (AOC) and coliform growth response (CGR) are bioassays used to determine water quality. AOC and CGR are better indexes in determining whether water c...
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EFFECT OF OZONE EXPOSURE AND ANTIOXIDANT SUPPLEMENTATION ON DNA DAMAGE IN HUMAN BLOOD LEUKOCYTES |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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EFFECT OF OZONE EXPOSURE ON THE DISPERSION OF INHALED AEROSOL BOLUSES IN HEALTHY HUMAN SUBJECTS |
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Acute exposure of humans to low levels of ozone are known to cause decreases FVC and increases sRaw. hese alterations in lung function do not, however, elucidate the potential for ...
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EFFECT OF OZONE EXPOSURE UPON HEPATIC AND SERUM ASCORBIC ACID LEVELS IN MALE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS |
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Exposure of male Sprague-Dawley rats to 0.3 ppm ozone for 3 hours resulted in a time-delayed increase in serum and hepatic reduced ascorbic acid levels as compared to controls (0.0...
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EFFECT OF OZONE ON DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLE TOXICITY |
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Ambient particulate matter (PM) concentrations have been associated with mortality and morbidity. Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) are present in ambient urban air PM. Coexisting wit...
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EFFECT OF OZONE ON DRUG-INDUCED SLEEPING TIME IN MICE PRETREATED WITH MIXED-FUNCTION OXIDASE INDUCERS AND INHIBITORS |
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Studies were conducted to investigate the effect of ozone in prolonging pentobarbital (PEN)-induced sleeping time (S.T.). Since ozone is a common air pollutant, an ozone-induced al...
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EFFECT OF OZONE ON LEUKOCYTE FUNCTION IN EXPOSED HUMAN SUBJECTS |
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Evidence from animal studies indicates that ozone (O3), the major component of environmental photochemical smog, depresses various intracellular hydrolytic enzymes and increases su...
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EFFECT OF OZONE ON SERUM LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEINS IN THE RAT |
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Exposure of male rats to 0(air), 1, 1.75, and 3 ppm ozone (03) 5 hr/day for a total of 10 days resulted in a positive linear relationship between ozone concentration and the concen...
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EFFECT OF PARTICLES ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM |
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Respiratory allergies and infections are the most common form of illness in the United States and Europe, and together account for more missed school and work days than any other t...
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EFFECT OF PARTICULATES ON OZONE DISINFECTION OF BACTERIA AND VIRUSES IN WATER |
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The research was initiated in order to determine the effect of particulates on ozone disinfection of enteric bacteria and viruses adsorbed to or incorporated into particulate mater...
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EFFECT OF RAPID SHALLOW BREATHING ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF 18-O-LABELED OZONE REACTION PRODUCT IN THE RESPIRATORY TRACT OF THE RAT |
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We examined the effect of breathing pattern on ozone reaction product content within the respiratory
tract. Thirty-four anesthetized, maleWistar rats were exposed to oxygen-18 (18...
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EFFECT OF SELECTED PARAMETERS ON PREDICTIONS OF A PHOTOCHEMICAL MODEL |
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A sensitivity study was undertaken to assess the effect of selected parameters on the predictions of a photochemical kinetics model. The model was previously developed for use in d...
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EFFECT OF URBAN OZONE LEVELS ON LABORATORY-INDUCED RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS |
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The effect of the time of exposure to an aerosol of viable microorganisms on the incidence of respiratory infections associated with a 3 h exposure to ozone (03) was studied. The 1...
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EFFECT OF WASTEWATER DISINFECTANTS ON SURVIVAL OF R-FACTOR COLIFORM BACTERIA |
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The objectives of the study were to determine the incidence of antibiotic resistance among coliform bacteria in a secondary waste-water treatment facility and to determine whether ...
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EFFECTIVE STRATEGIES FOR POPULATION STUDIES OF ACUTE AIR POLLUTION HEALTH EFFECTS |
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A series of field studies involving repetitive functional measurements in relatively small populations of healthy children and adults engaged in normal outdoor activities has shown...
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EFFECTIVENESS OF OZONE AS A MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER DISINFECTANT |
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This paper reviewed factors influencing the effectiveness of ozone as a wastewater effluent disinfectant. In a brief selected review of the literature, it was shown that demand of ...
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EFFECTS OF 1,3-BUTADIENE, ISOPRENE, AND THEIR PHOTOCHEMICAL DEGRADATION PRODUCTS ON HUMAN LUNG CELLS |
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Because of potential exposure both in the workplace and from ambient air, the known carcinogen 1,3-butadiene (BD) is considered a priority hazardous air pollutant. BD and its 2-met...
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EFFECTS OF ACIDIC RAIN AND OZONE ON NITROGEN FIXATION AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN THE LICHEN 'LOBARIA PULMONARIA' (L.) HOFFM |
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The lichen Lobaria pulmonaria was subjected to ozone fumigations at 118, 235 and 353 mcg/cu m and simulated acidic rain at pH levels of 2.6, 4.2 and 5.6 for 5 days (M,W,F,M,W) duri...
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EFFECTS OF ACIDITY OF SIMULATED RAIN AND ITS JOINT ACTION WITH AMBIENT OZONE ON MEASURES OF BIOMASS AND YIELD IN SOYBEAN |
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An experiment was performed to determine whether the presence of ozone modified the effects of acidity of simulated rain on growth and yield of soybean. Beeson, a type II cultivar,...
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EFFECTS OF ACTIVATED CHARCOAL FILTRATION AND OZONATION ON HYDROCARBON AND CARBONYL LEVELS OF AMBIENT AIR USED IN CONTROLLED-EXPOSURE CHAMBER STUDIES OF AIR POLLUTANT HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS |
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Air sampling experiments were done in 1985, 1987, and 1993 at the human-exposure chamber facility of the U.S. EPA Health Effects Research Laboratory in Chapel Hill, NC. easurements...
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EFFECTS OF AGE, SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, AND MENSTRUAL CYCLE ON PULMONARY RESPONSE TO OZONE |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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EFFECTS OF AMBIENT OZONE ON RESPIRATORY FUNCTION IN HEALTHY ADULTS EXERCISING OUTDOORS |
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The effect of exposure to ozone (O3) in ambient air on respiratory function was studied in 30 healthy adult nonsmokers engaged in a regular daily program of outdoor exercise in Tux...
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EFFECTS OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS ON HUMAN PHYSIOLOGIC FUNCTION |
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Short-term health effects of common ambient air pollutants, particularly photochemical oxidants, were investigated under controlled conditions simulating typical ambient exposures....
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EFFECTS OF BIOGENIC EMISSION UNCERTAINTIES ON REGIONAL PHOTO-CHEMICAL MODELING OF CONTROL STRATEGIES |
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The sensitivity of regional ozone (O3) modeling to uncertainties n iogenic mission estimates has been studied with the United tates Environmental Protection Agency's Regional Oxida...
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EFFECTS OF CARBON DIOXIDE AND OZONE ON GROWTH AND BIOMASS ALLOCATION IN PINUS PONDEROSA |
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The future productivity of forests will be affected by combinations of elevated atmospheric CO2 and O3. Because productivity of forests will, in part, be determined by growth of yo...
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EFFECTS OF CARBON DIOXIDE AND OZONE ON NITROGEN RETRANSLOCATION IN PONDEROSA PINE NEEDLES |
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Changes in leaf N concentration can be an important response to air pollutants in trees, with implications both for tree growth and N cycling through forest ecosystems. Ozone caus...
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EFFECTS OF CO2 AND O3 ON CARBON FLUX FOR PONDEROSA PINE PLANT/LITTER/SOIL SYSTEM |
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Carbon dioxide (CO2), a main contributor to global climate change, also adds carbon to forests. In contrast, tropospheric ozone (O3) can reduce carbon uptake and increase carbon lo...
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EFFECTS OF CONCURRENT OZONE EXPOSURE ON THE PATHOGENESIS OF CIGARETTE SMOKE-INDUCED EMPHYSEMA IN B6C3F1 MICE. (R826442) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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EFFECTS OF DAILY OZONE EXPOSURE DURATION AND CONCENTRATION FLUCTUATION ON YIELD OF TOBACCO |
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Flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum McNair 944) was exposed to chronic doses of ozone (O3) in open-top field chambers to determine the influence of frequency and magnitude of pea...
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EFFECTS OF DEPLETION OF ASCORBIC ACID OR NONPROTEIN SULFYDRYLS ON THE ACUTE INHALATION TOXICITY OF NITROGEN DIOXIDE, OZONE, AND PHOSGENE |
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The effect of depleting lung ascorbic acid (AH2) and nonprotein sulfhydryls (NPSH) on the acute inhalation toxicity of nitrogen dioxide (N02), ozone (03), and phosgene (C0Cl2) was ...
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EFFECTS OF ELEVATED CO2 AND TEMPERATURE ON THE RESPONSE OF PONDEROSA PINE TO OZONE: A SIMULATION ANALYSIS |
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Forests regulate numerous biogeochemical cycles, storing and cycling carbon, water, and nutrients, however, there is concern how climate change, elevated CO2 and tropospheric O3 wi...
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EFFECTS OF ENHANCED ULTRAVIOLET-B RADIATION ON YIELD, AND DISEASE INCIDENCE AND SEVERITY FOR WHEAT UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS |
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The influence of enhanced UV-B radiation (280-320 nm) on wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. 'Florida 301') yield, and disease incidence and severity was investigated for two growing seas...
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EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO OZONE ON SUSCEPTIBILITY TO EXPERIMENTAL TUBERCULOSIS |
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Exposure of mice to 1.96 mg/cu. m. ozone (03) 3 h/day, 5 days/week, for up to 8 weeks beginning at 1 or 2 weeks after challenge with Mycobacterium tuberculosis R1Rv resulted in sig...
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EFFECTS OF INCREASED SOLAR ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION ON BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES |
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Increases in solar UV radiation could affect terrestrial and aquatic biogeochemical cycles thus altering both sources and sinks of greenhouse and chemically important trace gases (...
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EFFECTS OF INCREASING DOSES OF SULFUR DIOXIDE AND AMBIENT OZONE ON TOMATOES: PLANT GROWTH, LEAF INJURY, ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION, FRUIT YIELDS, AND QUALITY |
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Jet star, an indeterminant tomato cultivar, was exposed to 0.011, 0.059, 0.118, 0.235, and 0.468 ppm SO2 in open-top field chambers supplied with nonfiltered(NF) air and to 0.005, ...
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EFFECTS OF INHALATION OF 0.12 AND 0.25 PARTS PER MILLION OZONE ON THE PROXIMAL ALVEOLAR REGION OF JUVENILE AND ADULT RATS |
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One day old or 6 week old male rats were exposed to either 0.25 ppm O3 12 hr/day or to continuous room air for 6 weeks. An additional group of 6 week old rats was exposed to 0.12 p...
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EFFECTS OF INHALATION OF 0.25 PPM OZONE ON THE TERMINAL BRONCHIOLES OF JUVENILE AND ADULT RATS |
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Cells of the terminal bronchioles are particularly susceptible to the effects of inhalation of low levels of O3. One-day-old (juvenile) or 6 week old (adult) rats were exposed to 0...
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EFFECTS OF INHALATION OF METALLIC CONSTITUENTS OF PARTICULATE MATTER AIR POLLUTION ON CARDIOPULMONARY AND THERMOREGULATORY PARAMETERS IN HEALTH AND COMPROMISED RATS |
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EFFECTS OF INHALATION OF METALLIC CONSTITUENTS OF PARTICULATE MATTER AIR POLLUTION ON CARDIOPULMONARY AND THERMOREGULATORY PARAMETERS IN HEALTHY AND COMPROMISED RATS. Watkinso...
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EFFECTS OF INHALATION OF SOLUBLE METALLIC CONSTITUENTS OF PARTICULATE MATTER WITH PREEXPOSURE AND/OR CONCURRENT EXPOSURE TO OZONE ON CARDIOVASCULAR AND THERMOREGULATORY PARAMETERS IN AWAKE RATS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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EFFECTS OF OPEN-TOP CHAMBERS ON 'VALENCIA' ORANGE TREES |
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Young 'Valencia' orange trees (Citrus sinensis(L) Osbeck) were grown for four years in large open-top chambers with ambient (nonfiltered) air or in outside air to determine any eff...
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EFFECTS OF OXIDANT AIR POLLUTION ON SUSCEPTIBILITY OF PINE ROOTS TO FOMES ANNOSUS |
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Oxidant air pollution injury to foliage of ponderosa and Jeffrey pines increased the susceptibility of roots to infection and colonization by Fomes annosus under field and fumigati...
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EFFECTS OF OZONATION ON THE PERMEATE FLUX OF NANOCRYSTALLINE CERAMIC MEMBRANES. (R830908) |
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Titania membranes, with a molecular weight cut-off of 15 kD were used in an ozonation/membrane system that was fed with water from Lake Lansing, which had been pre-filtered thro...
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EFFECTS OF OZONE AND SOIL WATER DEFICIT ON ROOTS AND SHOOTS OF FIELD-GROWN SOYBEANS |
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Water-stressed and well-watered soybean (Glycine max cvs.Williams and Corsoy) plants were exposed to increasing seasonal doses of ozone (O3) using open-top field chambers and ambie...
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EFFECTS OF OZONE AND WATER STRESS ON CANOPY TEMPERATURE, WATER USE, AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF ALFALFA |
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Ozone (O3) and soil water deficit are two environmental stresses that significantly affect the growth and yield of alfalfa. However, little is known of the responses of field-grown...
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EFFECTS OF OZONE AND WATER STRESS, SEPARATELY AND COMBINED, ON SOYBEAN YIELD |
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A primary concern in applying existing 03-effects data on crop production is the relatively unknown influence of soil moisture which may modify plant response to 03. ne of the defi...
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EFFECTS OF OZONE EXPOSURE ON LIPID METABOLISM IN HUMAN ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES |
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Alveolar macrophages (AM) store arachidonic acid (AA) which is esterified in cellular phospholipids until liberated by phospholipase A2 or C after exposure to inflammatory stimuli....
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EFFECTS OF OZONE ON CROPS |
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Ambient O3 produces significant impacts to crops across the United States. ield studies have moved from characterization of O3 foliar injury symptoms to quantification of yield los...
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EFFECTS OF OZONE ON IMMUNE FUNCTION |
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A review of the literature reveals that ozone (O3) exposure can either suppress or enhance immune responsiveness. hese disparate effects elicited by O3 exposure depend, in large pa...
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EFFECTS OF OZONE ON LEUKOCYTE DNA |
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This research program was initiated with the overall objective of determining whether exposure to ozone could damage the DNA of peripheral blood cells. An animal model system was d...
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EFFECTS OF OZONE ON PLANTS IN THE UNITED STATES |
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Foliar injury to vegetation is one of the earliest and most obvious manifestations of O3 injury. However, the O3 effects are not limited to visible injury; impacts can range from r...
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EFFECTS OF OZONE ON ROOT PROCESSES |
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Ozone alters root growth and root processes by first reducing photosynthesis and altering foliar metabolic pathways. The alteration in foliar metabolism is reflected in lowered car...
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EFFECTS OF OZONE ON SPORULATION, SPORE GERMINATION, AND GROWTH OF FOMES ANNOSUS |
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Effects of ozone (O3) on certain cultural characteristics of Fomes annosus were investigated in exposure chamber studies. Growth rates of F. annosus decreased and conidial germ tub...
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EFFECTS OF OZONE ON THE PULMONARY FUNCTION OF CHILDREN |
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Healthy active children, 7 to 13 years old, in a summer recreational camp were chosen as subjects to investigate the acute effects of exposure to ambient air pollution. Pulmonary f...
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EFFECTS OF OZONE ON YIELD OF TWO FIELD-GROWN BARLEY CULTIVARS |
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Barley Hordeum vulgare L. is grown in some regions of the USA with potentially phytotoxic concentrations of ozone(O3), yet relatively little is known of the growth and yield respon...
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EFFECTS OF OZONE, CHLORINE DIOXIDE, CHLORINE, AND MONOCHLORAMINE ON CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM OOCYST VIABILITY |
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Purified Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts were exposed to ozone, chlorine dioxide, chlorine, and monochloramine. xcystation and mouse infectivity were comparatively evaluated to asse...
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EFFECTS OF OZONE, SULFUR DIOXIDE, SOIL WATER DEFICIT, AND CULTIVAR ON YIELD OF SOYBEAN |
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The effects of ozone (O3) stress on bean yields and seed size of four soybean cultivars grown in open-top chambers in 1981, 1982, and 1983 are presented. he O3 treatments included ...
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EFFECTS OF PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS ON PLANTS |
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Photochemical oxidants are found in 'photochemical smog' which is a complex mixture of primary and secondary air pollutants. The photochemical oxidants are secondary air pollutants...
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EFFECTS OF RETINOIC ACID AND ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION ON LIMB DEVELOPMENT IN ANURANS |
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Several recent studies suggest that the prevalence of limb abnormalities in North American anurans is elevated compared to historical records. These obsrvations have caused concern...
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EFFECTS OF SIZE FRACTIONATED AMBIENT PM SAMPLES ON INDUCTION OF PULMONARY ALLERGY IN MICE |
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There is increasing evidence that exposure to certain air pollutants including ozone and diesel exhaust can enhance allergic sensitization to allergens. Previous work from our...
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EFFECTS OF SOLAR AND ARTIFICIAL ULTRAVIOLET-B RADIATION ON LARVAL NORTHERN ANCHOVY, 'ENGRAULIS MORDAX' |
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Northern anchovy larvae were exposed to various amounts of both natural (global solar) and artificial (sunlamps filtered by cellulose triacetate) UV-B energy over a 12-day period. ...
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EFFECTS OF STRATOSPHERE OZONE DEPLETION ON AQUATIC ORGANISMS |
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As a result of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV-Bradiation (290-320 nm) leaching aquatic environments is likely to increase over the next few decades. vailable information suggest...
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EFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENTAL ULTRAVIOLET-B RADIATION ON THE GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGY OF FIELD-GROWN SOYBEAN |
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Soybeans were grown outdoors in field plots during 1983 and 1984 under ambient and 2 supplemental levels of biologically effective ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation (daily supplementa...
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EFFECTS OF ULTRAVIOLET-B IRRADIATION ON PLANTS DURING MILD WATER STRESS. 1. EFFECTS ON DIURNAL STOMATAL RESISTANCE |
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Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Delikatess) and radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv. Saxa Treib) were grown in a factorial design under two ultraviolet-B (UV-B) irradiances and three l...
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EFFECTS OF ULTRAVIOLET-B RADIATION ON PHOTOSYNTHESIS OF DIFFERENT AGED NEEDLES IN FIELD-GROWN LOBLOLLY PINE |
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A continuing decline in stratospheric ozone concentrations caused y atmospheric pollutants has stimulated interest in consequences f increased enetration f ultraviolet-B radiation ...
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EFFECTS OF ULTRAVIOLET-B RADIATION ON PLANT COMPETITION IN TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS |
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Evidence regarding the interaction of ultraviolet-B (UV-B, 280-320 nm) radiation and plant competition in terrestrial ecosystems is examined. The competitive interactions of some s...
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EFFECTS OF ULTRAVIOLET-B RADIATION ON PLANTS DURING MILD WATER STRESS. EFFECTS ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC RECOVERY AND GROWTH IN SOYBEAN |
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Soybean was grown from seed in a greenhouse under ultraviolet-B (UV-B, 280-320 nm) radiation supplied by filtered FS-40 sunlamps. On a weighted, total daily dose basis these plants...
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EFFECTS OF USING THE CB05 VS SAPRC 99 VS CB4 CHEMICAL MECHANISMS ON MODEL PREDICTIONS |
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In this study, we examine differences in predictions of ozone, other oxidants, and ozone precursors for 3 chemical mechanisms: the CB4, CB05 and SAPRC99 mechanism (CMAQ/Models3 ver...
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EFFECTS OF UV-B AND GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON RICE - FOURTH ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT |
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Enhanced ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation resulting from a depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer and global climate changes resulting from emissions of greenhouse gases could pu...
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EFFECTS OF UV-B RADIATION ON LOBLOLLY PINE. I. GROWTH, PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND PIGMENT PRODUCTION IN GREENHOUSE-GROWN SEEDLINGS |
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One-year old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings were grown in an unshaded greenhouse for seven months under four levels of ultraviolet-B(UV-B) radiation simulating stratosphe...
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EFFECTS OF UV-B RADIATION ON PLANTS DURING MILD WATER STRESS. II. EFFECTS ON GROWTH, PROTEIN AND FLAVONOID CONTENT |
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Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and radish (Raphanus sativus) were grown under several levels of water stress in a growth chamber programmed with a day-night rhythm to simulate the diur...
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EFFECTS OF UV-B RADIATION ON SOYBEAN YIELD AND SEED QUALITY: A 6-YEAR FIELD |
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Two soybean, [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars, Essex and Williams, were grown in the field for 6 consecutive seasons under ambient and supplemental levels of ultraviolet B radiat...
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EFFECTS OF VERTICAL RESOLUTION OF A REGIONAL PHOTOCHEMICAL MODEL ON THE DIURNAL OZONE CONCENTRATIONS IN THE PLANETARY BOUNDARY LAYER |
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Surface observations over urban and rural areas in the United States show somewhat typical diurnal variations of ozone, and thus provide some opportunities to evaluate the performa...
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EFFICACY OF OZONE EXPOSURE INDICES IN THE STANDARD SETTING PROCESS |
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Determining the appropriate ozone exposure index for a secondary ambient air quality standard requires a consideration of the underlying biological basis for the response and a met...
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ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION USING A PHOSPHORIC ACID FUEL CELL ON A MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE LANDFILL GAS STREAM |
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The report gives results of tests to verify the performance of a landfill gas pretreatment unit (GPU) and a phorsphoric acid fuel cell system. The complete system removes contamina...
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ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION OF HYDROXYL FREE RADICAL ADDUCTS TO DEOXYGUANOSINE |
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There is now rather convincing evidence that oxygen free radicals are involved in some aspects of aging, arthritis, and tumor initiation and promotion. Oxygen free radicals may als...
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ELEVATED CO2 AND TEMPERATURE ALTER THE RESPONSE OF PINUS PONDEROSA TO OZONE: A SIMULATION ANALYSIS |
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Forests regulate numerous biogeochemical cycles, storing and cycling large quantities of carbon, water, and nutrients, however, there is concern how climate change, elevated CO2 an...
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ELEVATED SUSCEPTIBILITY TO OZONE-INDUCED ACUTE TRACHEOBRONCHIAL INJURY IN MICE DEFICIENT IN CLARA CELL SECRETORY PROTEIN |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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EMERGING ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS AND CURRENT ISSUES |
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Much has been achieved in the way of environmental protection over the last 30 years. However, as we learn more, new concerns arise. This presentation will discuss emerging enviro...
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EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE CONTROL OF HAZARDOUS WASTES |
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Investigations were conducted of new and emerging technologies for the disposal of hazardous wastes. These methods involve new technologies or a recent variation of an established ...
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EMISSION AND FUEL ECONOMY OF DOE FLEX-FUEL VEHICLES |
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The U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency have established, through a Memorandum of Understanding, a coordinated framework for collaborative resear...
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EMISSION INVENTORY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM (EIIP) AREA SOURCE COMMITTEE |
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The paper described activities and future plans of the Emission Inventory improvement Program (EIIP) Area Source Committee, as discussed during the November 2, 1994, EIIP panel dis...
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EMISSIONS AND FUEL ECONOMY OF DOE FLEX-FUEL VEHICLES |
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The U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental protection Agency have established, through a Memorandum of Understanding, a coordinated framework for collaborative resear...
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EMISSIONS AND FUEL ECONOMY OF FEDERAL ALTERNATIVELY FUELED FLEET VEHICLES |
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This paper presents results from a study designed to investigate the effects of automobile fuels on emissions and fuel economy. The study is part of a larger program mandated by th...
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EMISSIONS PROCESSING FOR THE ETA/ CMAQ AIR QUALITY FORECAST SYSTEM |
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NOAA and EPA have created an Air Quality Forecast (AQF) system. This AQF system links an adaptation of the EPA's Community Multiscale Air Quality Model with the 12 kilometer ETA mo...
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EMPIRICAL TECHNIQUES FOR ANALYZING AIR QUALITY AND METEOROLOGICAL DATA. PART III. SHORT-TERM CHANGES IN GROUND-LEVEL OZONE CONCENTRATIONS: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS |
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An empirical analysis of ambient air quality data for the Los Angeles Basin is used to relate the one- and two-hour changes in oxidant levels in the urban environment to the preced...
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ENDOTOXIN PRIMING AFFECTS THE LUNG RESPONSE TO ULTRAFINE PARTICLES AND OZONE IN YOUNG AND OLD RATS. (R827354C004) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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ENDOTOXIN PRIMING, OZONE EXPOSURE, AND AGE AFFECT ULTRAFINE PARTICLE-INDUCED INFLAMMATION AND ANTIOXIDANT GENE EXPRESSION IN MOUSE LUNG AND HEART. (R827354C005) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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ENERGY EFFICIENT VAPOR PHASE OXIDATION OF METHANOL USING OZONE AND CATALYTIC REACTOR |
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The pulp and paper industry releases more than 144 million tons of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) per year. A big portion of this effluent, 66+% is released to air making it th...
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ENGINEERING BULLETIN: CHEMICAL OXIDATION TREATMENT |
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Oxidation destroys hazardous contaminants by chemically converting them to nonhazardous or less toxic compounds that are ideally more stable, less mobile, and/or inert. However, un...
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ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS OF GASOLINE BLENDING COMPONENTS THROUGH THEIR LIFE CYCLE |
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The purpose of this study is to assess the contribution of the three major gasoline blending components to the potential environmental impacts (PEI), which are the reformate, alkyl...
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ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS OF GASOLINE BLENDING COMPONENTS THROUGH THEIR LIFE CYCLE |
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The purpose of this study is to access the contribution of the three major gasoline blending components to the potential environmental impacts (PEI), which are the reformate, alkyl...
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND GENETIC INTERACTIONS IN HYPERTENSIVE RATS: OXIDATIVE STRESS AS A COMMON SUSCEPTABILITY ATTRIBUTE FOR NON-CANCER RISKS |
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Individuals compromised with preexisting conditions are likely to be more susceptible to environmental exposures, and the uncertainty factors employed to correct for this concern...
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ENVIRONMENTAL CHAMBER STUDIES OF MERCURY REACTIONS IN THE ATMOSPHERE |
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Mercury is released into the environment through both natural and anthropogenic pathways. The cycling and fate of mercury in atmospheric, soil, and water ecosystems is impacted by...
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ENVIRONMENTAL COMPARISON METRICS FOR LIFE CYCLE IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND PROCESS DESIGN |
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Metrics (potentials, potency factors, equivalency factors or characterization factors) are available to support the environmental comparison of alternatives in application domains ...
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ENVIRONMENTAL COMPARISON OF GASOLINE BLENDING OPTIONS USING LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT |
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A life cycle assessment has been done on various gasoline blends, The purpose of this study is to compare several gasoline blends of 95 and 98 octaine, that meet the vapour pressur...
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ENVIRONMENTAL COMPARISON OF GASOLINE BLENDING OPTIONS USING LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT |
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A life cycle assessment has been done on various gasoline blends, The purpose of this study is to compare several gasoline blends of 95 and 98 octaine, that meet the vapour pressur...
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ENVIRONMENTAL COMPARISON OF GASOLINE BLENDING OPTIONS USING LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT: JOURNAL ARTICLE |
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NRMRL-CIN-1612A Mata, T.M., Smith*, R.L., Young*, D.M., and Costa, C.A.V. Environmental Comparison of Gasoline Blending Options using Life Cycle Assessment. R'02 Recovery, Recyc...
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ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF OZONE DEPLETION AND ITS INTERACTIONS WITH CLIMATE CHANGE: PROGRESS REPORT 2003 |
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The measures needed for the protection of the Earth's ozone layer are decided regularly by the Parties to the Montreal Protocol. A section of this progress report focuses on the in...
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ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF OZONE DEPLETION AND ITS INTERACTIONS WITH CLIMATE CHANGE: PROGRESS REPORT 2004 |
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The measures needed for the protection of the Earth's ozone layer are decided regularly by the Parties to the Montreal Protocol. This progress report is the 2004 update by the Envi...
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS IN LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS OF GASOLINE BLENDING OPTIONS |
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Changes in gasoline specifications worldwide affect demand for all major gasoline-blending components. The purpose of this study is to compare different gasoline formulations based...
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF CHANGES IN THE BROMINATED CHEMICALS INDUSTRY |
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In light of the large-scale changes occuring within the bromine-based chemicals industry, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency commissioned a study to investigate the potential...
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ENVIRONMENTAL LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF GASOLINE ALTERNATIVES: MTBE AND ETHANOL ADDITIVES |
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Currently, the U.S. is considering options for additives to reformulated gasoline. To inform this debate the U.S. EPA's Office of Research and Development is conducting a screenin...
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ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT PROGRAM: EMAP-GREAT LAKES MONITORING AND RESEARCH STRATEGY |
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Both the incidence and scale of reported environmental problems have changed over the past two decades. he public is increasingly concerned that the resources upon which they rely ...
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ENVIRONMENTAL PHOTOBIOLOGY |
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Environmental aquatic photobiology is most commonly known for its links to global climate change. Ozone depletion is, however, not the only factor that alters the effects of ultrav...
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ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY - CORVALLIS |
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The Environmental Research Laboratory - Corvallis is the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's - national research center for terrestrial and watershed ecology, aquatic ecoregions...
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ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY VERIFICATION REPORT, REMOVAL OF ARSENIC IN DRINKING WATER: DELTA INDUSTRIAL SERVICES, INC., CAMPWATER PORTA-5 SYSTEM |
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The CampWater system uses ozonation followed by cartridge filtration to remove arsenic via co-precipitation. The system utilizes ozone to oxidize iron and arsenic (III) to arsenic...
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ENVIRONMENTALLY BENIGN PROCESS RESEARCH: LINKING USEPA CHEMICAL PROCESS DESIGN AND SUSTAINABILITY |
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Interest in sustainability has increased dramatically over the last decade. Declarations have been made on what sustainable development is: meeting today's needs without compromis...
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EPA (ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY) WORKSHOP ON GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC CHANGE AND EPA PLANNING |
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Expanding industrial and agricultural growth are leading to greater emissions of many compounds that are changing the earth's atmosphere and climate. The changes are warming of the...
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EPA (ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY) WORKSHOP ON N2O EMISSION FROM COMBUSTION (DURHAM, NC., FEBRUARY 13-14, 1986) |
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The report summarizes the dialogue and interaction which took place during an EPA sponsored workshop addressing nitrous oxide (N20) emissions from fossil fuel combustion. Prior res...
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EPA RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS -- MODELS-3/CMAQ OFFERS COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO AIR QUALITY MODELING |
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Regional and global coordinated efforts are needed to address air quality problems that are growing in complexity and scope. Models-3 CMAQ contains a community multi-scale air qua...
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EPA THIRD-GENERATION AIR QUALITY MODELING SYSTEM - VOLUME 1: CONCEPT |
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A flexible environmental modeling and decision support system is being developed by the Office of Research and Development as part of EPA's High Performance Computing and Communica...
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EPA'S GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE PROGRAM--PROGRAM PLAN FOR METHANE EMISSIONS FROM LANDFILLS AND OTHER WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITIES |
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The paper discusses a portion of EPA's global climate change program, a program plan for methane emissions from landfills and other waste disposal facilities. In response to concer...
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EPA'S INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR TRACKING REASONABLE FURTHER PROGRESS |
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The paper describes operating characteristics of a personal-computer (PC)-based Reasonable Further Progress (RFP) tracking system developed for use by EPA to evaluate the progress ...
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EPA'S VIEW OF THE OXIDANT PROBLEM IN HOUSTON |
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On the basis of previous laboratory and field studies, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency proposed that ozone, and not other oxidants, is responsible for a large portion of t...
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EPA/IFP EUROPEAN WORKSHOP ON THE EMISSION OF NITROUS OXIDE FROM FOSSIL FUEL COMBUSTION |
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The report summarizes the proceedings of an EPA/Institut Francais du Petrole (IFP) cosponsored workshop addressing direct nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from fossil fuel combustion. ...
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EPITHELIAL INJURY AND INTERSTITIAL FIBROSIS IN THE PROXIMAL ALVEOLAR REGIONS OF RATS CHRONICALLY EXPOSED TO A SIMULATED PATTERN OF URBAN AMBIENT OZONE |
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Electron microscopic morphometry was used to study the development of lung injury during and after chronic (78 weeks) exposure to a pattern of ozone designed to simulate high urban...
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ERYTHROCYTE SURVIVAL IN SHEEP EXPOSED TO OZONE |
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Ozone has been reported to produce a variety of extrapulmonary effects including changes in the specific activity of some erythrocyte enzymes. Buckley et al. (1975) reported statis...
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ESTIMATING CLOUD PARAMETERS FOR NEROS I |
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GOES infrared and visible imagery were combined with surface and upper-air meteorological observations to determine cloud amounts and cloud-top heights over the NEROS grid for the ...
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ESTIMATING GASEOUS EXCHANGES BETWEEN THE ATMOSPHERE AND PLANTS USING A COUPLED BIOCHEMICAL DRY DEPOSITION MODEL |
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To study gaseous exchanges between the soil, biosphere and atmosphere, a biochemical model was coupled with the latest version of Meyers Multi-Layer Deposition Model. The bioche...
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ESTIMATING NATURAL EMISSIONS FOR EPA'S REGIONAL OXIDANT MODEL |
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This paper documents the methodology used to estimate natural sources of nitrogen oxide (NOx) and nonmethane hydrocarbon (NMHC) emissions in the Regional Oxidant Model (ROM). The R...
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ESTIMATING PRODUCT YIELDS FROM THE ATMOSPHERIC PHOTOOXIDATION OF AMBIENT AIR ALKENES |
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The yields of products have been calculated from the reactions of hydroxyl radicals and ozone with 19 of the two through six carbon alkenes. he rates and mechanisms of these reacti...
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ESTIMATION OF EMISSIONS FROM CHARCOAL LIGHTER FLUID AND REVIEW OF ALTERNATIVES |
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The report gives results of an evaluation of emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from charcoal lighter fluid, a consumer product consisting entirely of volatile constitu...
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ESTIMATION OF EMISSIONS FROM CHARCOAL LIGHTER FLUID AND REVIEW OF ALTERNATIVES |
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The report gives results of an evaluation of emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from charcoal lighter fluid, a consumer product consisting entirely of volatile constitu...
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ESTIMATION OF INDIVIDUAL OZONE EXPOSURES USING MICROENVIRONMENT MEASUREMENTS |
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Estimates of an individual's ozone exposure were generated for a panel of 51 asthmatic study subjects using ambient ozone concentrations, the relationships observed between the amb...
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ESTIMATION OF UV-B EXPOSURE IN AMPHIBIAN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS |
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Estimation of ultraviolet radiation B (UV-B; 280 to 320 nm wavelenghts) dose is essential for determining whether UV-B contributes to amphibian population declines and malformation...
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ETA-CMAQ MODELING SYSTEM'S CAPABILITY TO PROVIDE PM 2.5 AND AEROSOL OPTICAL THICKNESS FORECAST |
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In 2003, NOAA and the U.S. EPA signed a Memorandum of Agreement to work together to develop a National Air Quality Forecasting (AQF) capability. To meet this goal, NOAA's National...
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EVALUATING AND USING AIR QUALITY MODELS |
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Grid-based models are being used to assess the magnitude of the pollution problem and to design emission control strategies to achieve compliance with the relevant air quality stan...
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EVALUATING CHANGES IN FOREST CONDITION POTENTIALLY RELATED TO ACIDIC DEPOSITION: AN EXAMPLE USING RED SPRUCE |
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As a result of concern about forest decline in Europe and the USA, research has been conducted to investigate changes in forest condition that might be associated with acidic depos...
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EVALUATING TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL O3 AND PM2.5 PATTERNS SIMULATED DURING AN ANNUAL CMAS APPLICATION OVER THE CONTINENTAL U.S. |
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Over the next several years, grid-based photochemical models such as the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model and REMSAD will be used by regulatory agencies to design emis...
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EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OZONE MANAGEMENT EFFORTS IN THE PRESENCE OF METEOROLOGICAL VARIABILITY. (R825260) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF A COMPUTATIONALLY EFFICIENT MM5/CALMET SYSTEM FOR DEVELOPING WIND FIELD INPUTS TO AIR QUALITY MODELS. (R826373) |
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The present study investigates the usefulness of coupling the prognostic MM5 mesoscale model with the CALMET diagnostic model for producing high resolution wind fields in a comp...
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EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF REGIONAL-SCALE PHOTOCHEMICAL MODELING SYSTEMS. PART III-PRECURSOR PREDICTIONS. (R825260) |
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AbstractTwo regional-scale photochemical modeling systems, RAMS/UAM-V and MM5/MAQSIP, are used to simulate precursor concentrations for 4 June¯31 August...
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EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF REGIONAL-SCALE PHOTOCHEMICAL MODELING SYSTEMS: PART I--METEOROLOGICAL PREDICTIONS. (R825260) |
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In this study, the concept of scale analysis is applied to evaluate two state-of-science meteorological models, namely MM5 and RAMS3b, currently being used to drive regional-scale ...
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EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF REGIONAL-SCALE PHOTOCHEMICAL MODELING SYSTEMS: PART II--OZONE PREDICTIONS. (R825260) |
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In this paper, the concept of scale analysis is applied to evaluate ozone predictions from two regional-scale air quality models. To this end, seasonal time series of observations ...
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EVALUATION AND USE OF STAND-ALONE COMMERCIAL PHOTOLYTIC CONVERTERS FOR CONVERSION OF NO2 AND NO |
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Two types of stand-alone photolytic converters of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) to nitric oxide (NO) are now commercially available for use with NO, ozone (O3) chemiluminescence detecto...
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EVALUATION OF 1 PERCENT NEUTRAL BUFFERED POTASSIUM IODIDE PROCEDURE FOR CALIBRATION OF OZONE MONITORS |
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The 1 percent neutral buffered potassium iodide procedure, as specified for calibration of ozone monitors in the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reference method for measurem...
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EVALUATION OF A LIQUID CHEMICAL SCRUBBER SYSTEM FOR STYRENE REMOVAL |
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The report gives results of a study of the styrene removal efficiency o a pilot-scale version of the QUAD Chemtact scrubber, quantified by continuously measuring the total hydrocar...
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EVALUATION OF A PILOT-SCALE ULTRAVIOLET (UV) LIGHT AND OZONE TREATMENT SYSTEM FOR REMOVAL OF MTBE FROM DRINKING WATER SOURCES |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is currently evaluating package plant advanced oxidation process (AOP) systems to treat methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) in drinkin...
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EVALUATION OF A REMOTE SENSOR FOR MOBILE SOURCE CO EMISSIONS |
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Carbon monoxide (CO) emission measurements of thousands of vehicles per day are possible with a recently evaluated remote sensor developed at the University of Denver. unded by the...
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EVALUATION OF AN ANNUAL SIMULATION OF OZONE AND FINE PARTICULATE MATTER OVER THE CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES - WHICH TEMPORAL FEATURES ARE CAPTURED? |
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Motivated by growing concerns about the detrimental effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on human health, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recently promulgated ...
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EVALUATION OF AN OZONE X MOISTURE STRESS INTERACTION MODEL FOR SOYBEAN (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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Assessments of air pollution impacts on crops may overestimate losses because they do not consider the impacts of soil moisture deficits on pollutant uptake by plants. A recent mod...
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EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL REACTION MECHANISMS FOR PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG. PART 2. QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF THE MECHANISMS (REVISED) |
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Six chemical reaction mechanisms for photochemical smog were analyzed to determine why, under identical conditions, they predict different maximum ozone concentrations. To perform ...
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EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL REACTION MECHANISMS FOR PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG. PART 3. SENSITIVITY OF EKMA (EMPIRICAL KINETIC MODELING APPROACH) TO CHEMICAL MECHANISM AND INPUT PARAMETERS |
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Six chemical reaction mechanisms for photochemical smog were used to study the effect of input parameters on volatile organic compound (VOC) control requirements needed to reduce o...
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EVALUATION OF CONTAINMENT AND CONTROL OPTIONS FOR METHYL BROMIDE IN COMMODITY TREATMENT |
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The report gives results of an investigation of means for methyl bromide (MeBr) recovery, reuse, and destruction to prevent atmospheric emissions if its limited use were still allo...
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EVALUATION OF EFFECTS OF OZONE EXPOSURE ON INFLUENZA INFECTION IN MICE USING SEVERAL INDICATORS OF SUSCEPTIBILITY (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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Mice were exposed to 1 ppm O3, 3hrs/day, for 5 consecutive days. A 2-fold increase in % mortality and a 3 day decrease in survival time were observed in mice infected with influenz...
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EVALUATION OF FOUR URBAN-SCALE PHOTOCHEMICAL AIR QUALITY SIMULATION MODELS |
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The purpose of this research was to determine the accuracy of four photochemical air quality simulation models using data from the Regional Air Pollution Study in St. Louis. The mo...
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EVALUATION OF HFC 245CA AND HFC 236EA AS FOAM BLOWING AGENTS |
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The paper gives results of a limited evaluation of the developmental hydrofluorocarbons (HFCS) 245ca and 236ea as blowing agents in urethane-based insulation. hese materials were s...
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EVALUATION OF OZONE CALIBRATION PROCEDURES |
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In October of 1976, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency announced that the calibration procedure then currently in use for reference methods for the measurement of ozone in th...
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EVALUATION OF OZONE EXPOSURE INDICES FOR RELATING EXPOSURE TO PLANT PRODUCTION AND FOR ESTIMATING AGRICULTURAL LOSSES |
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The objective of the report is: (1) to compare alternative ozone exposure indices that relate well to plant response and are useful in developing future standards for ozone; (2) to...
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EVALUATION OF OZONE EXPOSURE INDICES IN EXPOSURE-RESPONSE MODELING (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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In exposure-response modeling, a major concern is the numerical definition of exposure in relating crop loss to O3, yet few indices have been considered. The paper addresses resear...
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EVALUATION OF OZONE-FRIENDLY HYDROFLUOROPROPANE-BASED ZEOTROPIC REFRIGERANT MIXTURES IN A LORENZ-MEUTZNER REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER |
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The two-evaporator (located in the freezer and fresh food compartments) design of the Lorenz-Meutzner (L-M) refrigerator/freezer (R/F) makes it a leading candidate for use of zeotr...
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EVALUATION OF POLLUTION CONTROL PROCESSES: UPPER THOMPSON SANITATION DISTRICT |
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The Upper Thompson Sanitation District (UTSD) advanced wastewater treatment facility, located in Estes Park, Colorado, incorporated several unique unit processes. Among these were ...
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EVALUATION OF SEVERAL PM 2.5 FORECAST MODELS USING DATA COLLECTED DURING THE ICARTT/NEAQS 2004 FIELD STUDY |
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Real-time forecasts of PM2.5 aerosol mass from seven air-quality forecast models (AQFMs) are statistically evaluated against observations collected in the northeastern U...
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EVALUATION OF SHORT-TERM OGAWA PASSIVE, PHOTOLYTIC, AND FEDERAL REFERENCE METHOD SAMPLING DEVICES FOR NITROGEN OXIDES IN EL PASO AND HOUSTON, TEXAS |
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Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) is a common urban air pollutant that results from the combustion of fossil fuels. It causes serious human health effects, is a precursor to the fo...
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EVALUATION OF THE COMMUNITY MULTISCALE AIR QUALITY (CMAQ) MODEL VERSION 4.5: UNCERTAINTIES AND SENSITIVITIES IMPACTING MODEL PERFORMANCE: PART I - OZONE |
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This study examines ozone (O3) predictions from the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model version 4.5 and discusses potential factors influencing the model resul...
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EVALUATION OF THE DORSET SHEEP AS A PREDICTIVE ANIMAL MODEL FOR THE RESPONSE OF G-6-PD DEFICIENT HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES TO A PROPOSED SYSTEMIC TOXIC OZONE INTERMEDIATE, METHYL LINOLEATE HYDROPEROXIDE |
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Erythrocytes of both G-6-PD deficient humans and Dorset sheep, an animal model with an erythrocyte G-6-PD deficiency, both responded in a dose-dependent manner to the oxidant stres...
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EVALUATION OF THE DORSET SHEEP AS A PREDICTIVE ANIMAL MODEL FOR THE RESPONSE OF G-6-PD DEFICIENT HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES TO A PROPOSED SYSTEMIC TOXIC OZONE INTERMEDIATE, METHYL OLEATE HYDROPEROXIDE |
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Erythrocytes of both G-6-PD deficient humans and Dorset sheep, an animal model with an erythrocyte G-6-PD deficiency, both responded in a dose dependent manner to the oxidant stres...
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EVALUATION OF THE DORSET SHEEP AS A PREDICTIVE ANIMAL MODEL FOR THE RESPONSE OF GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE-DEFICIENT HUMAN ERYTHOCYTES TO A PROPOSED SYSTEMIC TOXIC OZONE INTERMEDIATE, METHYL OLEATE OZONIDE |
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Erythrocytes of both glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD)-deficient humans and Dorest sheep, an animal model with an erythrocyte G-6-PD deficiency, responded in a dose-depend...
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EVALUATION OF THE EMPIRICAL KINETIC MODELING APPROACH (EKMA) |
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The EKMA is a Lagrangian photochemical air quality simulation model that calculates ozone from its precursors: nonmethane organic compounds (NMOC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). This s...
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EVALUATION OF THE HARVARD OZONE PASSIVE SAMPLER ON HUMAN SUBJECTS INDOORS |
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A small, inexpensive ozone passive sampler was developed by Koutrakis et al. (1) to provide a convenient means for measuring ozone. This paper presents validation results of the Ha...
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EVALUATION OF THE REGIONAL OXIDANT MODEL (VERSION 2.1) USING AMBIENT AND DIAGNOSTIC SIMULATIONS |
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The latest version of EPA's Regional 0xidant Model, R0M2.1 was evaluated to determine and to document its accuracy. n this evaluation, model estimates were compared with ambient me...
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EVALUATION OF THE ULTRAVIOLET-OZONE AND ULTRAVIOLET-OXIDANT TREATMENT OF PINK WATER |
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Pink water, a solution of trinitrotoluene (TNT) and other nitrobodies, is a major pollutant at ammunition plants engaged either in the manufacture of TNT or in the loading, assembl...
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EVALUATION OF VARIOUS ALTERNATIVE AMBIENT OZONE STANDARDS BASED ON CROP YIELD LOSS DATA |
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Under the Clean Air Act, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency establishes primary and secondary national ambient air quality standards (NAAQSs) to protect public health and wel...
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EVALUATION OF VOC EMISSIONS FROM HEATED ROOFING ASPHALT |
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The report gives results of a short-term in-house project to characterize emissions from a simulated asphalt roofing kettle, performed at EPA/AEERL. ot asphalt surfacing and resurf...
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EVIDENCE FOR CLOUD VENTING OF MIXED LAYER OZONE |
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Observations are presented which substantiate the hypothesis that significant vertical exchange of ozone and aerosol pollutants occurs between the mixed layer and the free troposph...
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EXAMINATION OF MODEL PREDICTIONS AT DIFFERENT HORIZONTAL GRID RESOLUTIONS |
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While fluctuations in meteorological and air quality variables occur on a continuum of spatial scales, the horizontal grid spacing of coupled meteorological and photochemical model...
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EXAMINATION OF U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATORY CRITERIA FOR OZONE FROM A STATISTICAL PERSPECTIVE |
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There is recent international interest, e.g., by the U.K. Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution, in using statistics to express and evaluate environmental regulatory criter...
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EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY OF REGIONAL AIR QUALITY OVER THE UNITED STATES |
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The United States has established a series of standards for criteria and other air pollutants to safeguard air quality to protect human health and the environment. The Climate Imp...
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EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON REGIONAL AIR QUALITY OVER THE UNITED STATES |
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This presentation summarizes recent results produced in support of the assessment of climate change impacts on ozone and particulate matter over the continental United States. Pre...
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EXAMINING THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES OF HAPS: THE ROLE OF OZONE AND OTHER PHTOTCHEMICAL TRANSFORMATION PRODUCTS |
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The chemistry and health effects of individual hazardous air pollutants (HAPS) have been studied for many years. Once released into the atmosphere, HAPS interact with hydroxyl radi...
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EXAMINING THE TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF AMMONIA AND NITRIC OXIDE EMISSIONS FROM AGRICULTURAL PROCESSES |
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This paper examines the temporal variability of airborne emissions of ammonia from livestock operations and fertilizer application and nitric oxide from soils. In the United State...
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EXPERIENCES WITH USING PROBABILISTIC EXPOSURE ANALYSIS METHODS IN THE U.S. EPA |
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Over the past decade various Offices and Programs within the U.S. EPA have either initiated or increased the development and application of probabilistic exposure analysis models. ...
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EXPERIMENTAL AND MODELING STUDY OF THE PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIVITY OF HEATSET PRINTING OILS |
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A series of chamber experiments and computer model simulations were carried out to assess the atmospheric ozone formation potential of the heatset printing oils Magie-47 and Magie-...
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EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN STRATEGY FOR THE WEIBULL DOSE RESPONSE MODEL (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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The objective of the research was to determine optimum design point allocation for estimation of relative yield losses from ozone pollution when the true and fitted yield-ozone dos...
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EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENTS OF THE UPTAKE OF OZONE IN RATS AND HUMAN SUBJECTS |
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Experimental determination of ozone (O3) uptake in the conducting airways and lungs is a fundamental starting point for interspecies comparisons of delivered dose. Fractional O3 up...
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EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL FOR DETERMINING ABSORPTION CROSS SECTIONS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS |
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An experimental protocol for the determination of gas phase absorption cross-sections, and calculation of maximum photolysis rates, has been developed and is described in detail. U...
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EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL FOR DETERMINING OZONE REACTION RATE CONSTANTS |
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An experimental protocol for the determination of room temperature rate constants for the reactions of ozone with chemicals in the gas phase has been developed and is described in ...
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EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT: INPUT INTO RISK ASSESSMENT |
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The validity of a risk assessment can be no better than that of the exposure assessment upon which it is based. he general paucity of relevant exposure data, combined with the limi...
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EXPOSURE ESTIMATES FOR THE HOUSTON AREA ASTHMA STUDY |
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Procedures for determining exposure estimates for the Houston Area Asthma Study are discussed. Two residential clusters of asthmatics in the Houston area have been studied as part ...
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EXPOSURE INDICES CONSIDERATION FOR RURAL OZONE RELATIONSHIPS IN THE UNITED STATES |
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The objective of this study is to develop an ambient ozone air quality indicator for examining 03 and its effects on vegetation and forests. he scientific and technical information...
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EXPOSURE TO PARTICULATE MATTER, VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, AND OTHER AIR POLLUTANTS INSIDE PATROL CARS |
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People driving in a vehicle might receive an enhanced dose of mobile source pollutants that are considered a potential risk for cardiovascular diseases. The exposure to components ...
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EXPRESSION PROFILING OF FIVE RAT STRAINS REVEAL TRANSCRIPTIONAL MODES IN THE ANTIGEN PROCESSING PATHWAY |
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Comparative gene expression profiling of rat strains with genetic predisposition to diverse cardiovascular diseases can help decode the transcriptional program that governs cellula...
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EXTENT OF OZONE'S REACTION WITH ISOLATED AQUATIC FULVIC ACID |
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Samples of North Carolina aquatic fulvic acid were ozonated in a neutral buffer at several ozone/carbon ratios, and the reaction mixtures were characterized by using total organic ...
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EXTRACTION OR DESTRUCTION OF CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS FROM AQUEOUS WASTE STREAMS |
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The use of solvent extraction and ozonation to treat various industrial wastewaters was studied. Most were light chlorinated hydrocarbon, solvent wastes and were principally extrac...
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EXTRATHORACIC AND INTRATHORACIC REMOVAL OF O3 IN TIDAL-BREATHING HUMANS (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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The efficiency of ozone removal from inspired air by the extrathoracic and intrathoracic airways was measured in 18 healthy, nonsmoking, young male volunteers. Removal efficiencies...
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Emerging Contaminants in US Drinking Water: Do you know where your water's been? |
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The drinking water and wastewater cycles are integrally linked. Chemicals that are present in household wastewater may be sufficiently mobile and persistent to survive on-site or ...
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Environmental Decision Support with Consistent Metrics |
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One of the most effective ways to pursue environmental progress is through the use of consistent metrics within a decision making framework. The US Environmental Protection Agency...
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Estimating chloramine C x T for the synergistic inactivation of Cryptosporidium with ozone followed by chloramine |
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The author describes a statistical model that can be used to account for the error in estimating the required chloramine concentration times time (C x T) to inactivate Cryptosporid...
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Evaluating the Effects of Emission Reductions on Multiple Pollutants Simultaneously |
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Modeling studies over the Philadelphia metropolitan area have examined how emission control strategies might affect several types of air pollutants simultaneously. This study suppo...
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FACTORS AFFECTING THE PHOTOCHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTE |
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The photochemical treatment of hazardous waste can be optimized by taking into account several factors that influence the rates of photochemical reactions. Physical factors that fa...
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FACTORS AFFECTING THE PHOTOCHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTE (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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The photochemical treatment of hazardous waste can be optimized by taking into account various factors that influence the rates of photochemical reactions. Physical factors that fa...
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FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE SUPPRESSION OF PULMONARY ANTIBACTERIAL DEFENSES IN MICE EXPOSED TO OZONE |
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Exposure to ozone (03) has been shown to increase susceptibility of mice to bacterial infection; however the underlying mechanism has not been well elucidated. his study investigat...
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FATE OF TOXIC AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS IN THE AIR ENVIRONMENT |
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The atmospheric fate of potentially toxic/hazardous chemicals currently undergoing assessment by EPA was evaluated. Both chemical and physical removal processes are discussed. Math...
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FAULT TREE ANALYSIS FOR EXPOSURE TO REFRIGERANTS USED FOR AUTOMOTIVE AIR CONDITIONING IN THE U.S. |
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A fault tree analysis was used to estimate the number of refrigerant exposures of automotive service technicians and vehicle occupants in the United States. Exposures of service te...
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FEASIBILITY OF COMMERCIALIZED WATER TREATMENT TECHNIQUES FOR CONCENTRATED WASTE SPILLS |
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The suitability and economics of using reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, ion exchange, wet air oxidation, high purity oxygen activated sludge process, ultraviolet-ozone oxidation, ...
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FIELD DEMONSTRATION OF THE UV/OXIDATION TECHNOLOGY TO TREAT GROUNDWATER WITH VOCS |
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This paper presents the field evaluatiOn results Of the ultraviolet radiation (UV)/oxidation technology developed by Ultrox International, Santa Ana, California. he field evaluatio...
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FIELD EVALUATION OF THE UV/OXIDATION TECHNOLOGY TO TREAT CONTAMINATED GROUND WATER AT A HAZARDOUS WASTE SITE |
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This paper presents the field evaluation results of the ultraviolet radiation (UV)/oxidation technology developed by Ultrox International, Santa Ana, California. The field evaluati...
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FIELD INVESTIGATION OF SULFITE FLUXES TO A DECIDUOUS FOREST |
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An intensive investigation of particulate sulfur fluxes to a deciduous forest was conducted at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, during May 1983. ddy correlation methods were used to measure f...
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FIELD STUDY: IN SITU OXIDATION OF 1,4-DIOXANE WITH OZONE AND HYDROGEN PEROXIDE |
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A pilot-scale field evaluation is underway to assess the effectiveness of in situ oxidation (using ozone with and without hydrogen peroxide) for remediation of 1,4-dioxane and chlo...
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FINAL EVALUATION OF URBAN-SCALE PHOTOCHEMICAL AIR QUALITY SIMULATION MODELS |
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The research study discussed here is a continuation of previous work whose goal was to determine the accuracy of several selected urban photochemical air quality simulation models ...
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FINDING SOLVENT REPLACEMENTS TO REDUCE THE POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL WASTES |
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The United States Environmental Protection Agency has developed a solvent substitution software tool PARIS II (Program for Assisting the Replacement of Industrial Solvents, version...
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FINE SCALE AIR QUALITY MODELING USING DISPERSION AND CMAQ MODELING APPROACHES: AN EXAMPLE APPLICATION IN WILMINGTON, DE |
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Characterization of spatial variability of air pollutants in an urban setting at fine scales is critical for improved air toxics exposure assessments, for model evaluation studies ...
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FIRST RESULTS FROM OPERATIONAL TESTING OF THE U.S. EPA MODELS-3 COMMUNITY MULTISCALE MODEL FOR AIR QUALITY (CMAQ) |
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The Models 3 / Community Multiscale Model for Air Quality (CMAQ) has been designed for one-atmosphere assessments for multiple pollutants including ozone (O3), particulate matter...
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FLAME SUPPRESSION AND LUBRICANT INTERACTION OF HYDROCARBON MIXTURES FOR HOUSEHOLD REFRIGERANT/FREEZERS |
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The paper discusses the flame suppression and lubricant interaction of hydrocarbon (HC) mixtures for household refrigerator/freezers (R/Fs). he work focuses on blending the minimum...
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FLUORINATED ETHERS--A NEW SERIES OF CFC SUBSTITUTES |
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The paper discusses fluorinated ethers, a new series of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) substitutes. ompounds synthesized to produce substances with suitable refrigerant properties have g...
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FLUX DETERMINATION AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE IN THE EXPOSURE OF RED SPRUCE TO GASEOUS HYDROGEN PEROXIDE, OZONE, AND SULFUR DIOXIDE |
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We report on the 3-week exposure of a branch of a forest-grown red spruce (Picea rubens) sapling to the combination of gaseous hydrogen peroxide. ozone, and sulfur dioxide. he expo...
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FLUX MEASUREMENTS OF OZONE AND NITRIC ACID AT COASTAL AND MID-CONTINENTAL SITES |
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A system for measuring the turbulent fluxes of ozone, nitric acid, and other gases was operated at two sites in 1994. hese direct measurements of fluxes are for comparison with tho...
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FLUXES OF GASES AND PARTICLES ABOVE A DECIDUOUS FOREST IN WINTERTIME |
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Eddy-correlation measurements of the vertical fluxes of ozone, carbon dioxide, fine particles with diameter near 0.1 micrometers, and particulate sulfur, as well as of momentum, he...
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FORECASTING AIR QUALITY OVER THE UNITED STATES |
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Increased awareness of national air quality issues on the part of the media and the general public have recently led to more demand for short-term (1-2 day) air quality forecasts f...
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FORECASTING AIR QUALITY WITH U.S. EPA'S COMMUNITY MULTISCALE AIR QUALITY (CMAQ) MODEL |
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This project encompasses a new major application of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (U.S. EPA) Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to real-time air quality for...
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FOREST HEALTH MONITORING FIELD METHODS GUIDE |
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This EMAP-FHM methods Guide is intended to instruct forest Health Monitors when collecting data on forest health indicators; site condition, growth and regeneration, crown conditio...
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FOREST RESPONSE PROGRAM: NATIONAL RESEARCH ON FOREST DECLINE AND AIR POLLUTION |
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The Forest Response Program (FRP) is a major research undertaking. t is fortunate to have the support of many of the nation's top scientists. he involvement of the Forest Service, ...
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FORMAL UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS OF A LAGRANGIAN PHOTOCHEMICAL AIR POLLUTION MODEL. (R824792) |
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This study applied Monte Carlo analysis with Latin
hypercube sampling to evaluate the effects of uncertainty
in air parcel trajectory paths, emissions, rate constants,
...
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FORMALDEHYDE PRODUCTION IN PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG AS PREDICTED BY THREE STATE-OF-THE-SCIENCE CHEMICAL MECHANISMS |
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A moving box model was used to compare formaldehyde (HCHO) predictions obtained with three photochemlcal oxidant mechanisms. n simulations using a typical urban mix of organic poll...
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FORMATION AND TRANSPORT OF OZONE AND AEROSOLS IN POWER PLANT PLUMES |
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The purpose of this study was to gather definitive scientific results about the formation and transport of ozone and fine aerosols. Such information would greatly aid in designing ...
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FORMATION OF REACTIVE GASEOUS MERCURY IN THE ARCTIC: EVIDENCE OF OXIDATION OF HG0 TO GAS-PHASE HG-II COMPOUNDS AFTER ARCTIC SUNRISE |
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We have measured total gaseous mercury concentrations (Hgo) at Point Barrow, Alaska since September 1998 in an effort to determine the geographic extent and reaction mechanism of...
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FORMATION OF THE OH RADICAL IN THE REACTION OF OZONE WITH SEVERAL CYCLO-ALKENES. (R826236) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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FORMATION OF THE OH RADICAL IN THE REACTION OF OZONE WITH SEVERAL INTERNAL ALKENES AND STYRENES. (R826236) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL DECISION-MAKING, FRED: A TOOL FOR ENVIRONMENTALLY-PREFERABLE PURCHASING |
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In support of the Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Program of the US EPA, the Systems Analysis Branch has developed a decision-making tool based on life cycle assessment. This...
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FRAMEWORK FOR RESPONSIBLE DECISION-MAKING (FRED): A TOOL FOR ENVIRONMENTALLY PREFERABLE PRODUCTS |
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In support of the Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Program of the USEPA, a decision-making tool based on life cycle assessment has been developed. This tool, the Framework for...
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FUNDAMENTAL EVALUATION OF AN ELECTRONIC AIR CLEANER |
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The paper gives results of a fundamental evaluation of an electronic air cleaner (EAC). The ozone generation rate and particle-size-dependent (0.01-10 micrometers) filtration effic...
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FURTHER CASE STUDIES ON THE IMPACT OF MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEMS ON REGIONAL OZONE AND HAZE DISTRIBUTIONS |
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The report is a continuation of an earlier effort to study the impact of mesoscale convective precipitation systems upon distributions of aerosol and photochemical oxidant pollutan...
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Formation and Occurrence of Disinfection By-Products |
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Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are formed when disinfectants such as chlorine, ozone, chlorine dioxide, or chloramines react with naturally occurring organic matter, anthropogenic...
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Fusing Observations and Model Results for Creation of Enhanced Ozone Spatial Fields: Comparison of Three Techniques |
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This paper presents three simple techniques for fusing observations and numerical model predictions. The techniques rely on model/observation bias being considered either as error...
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GAS AND PARTICULATE PRODUCTS DISTRIBUTION FROM THE REACTION OF BETA-CARYOPHYLLENE WITH OZONE. (R828176) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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GAS-PHASE OXIDATION PRODUCTS OF BIPHENYL AND POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (R825377) |
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Our laboratory recently measured the gas-phase reaction rate constants of
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) with the hydroxyl radical (OH) and concluded
that OH reactions...
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GAS-PHASE OZONE OXIDATION OF MONOTERPENES: GASEOUS AND PARTICULATE PRODUCTS. (R824970) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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GAS-PHASE REACTION OF OZONE WITH TRANS-2-HEXENAL, TRANS-2-HEXENYL ACETATE, ETHYLVINYL KETONE, AND 6-METHYL-5-HEPTEN-2-ONE. (R824970) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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GASEOUS CO-POLLUTANTS ASSOCIATED WITH PARTICULATE MATTER-RESULTS FROM THE NERL RTP PM PANEL STUDY |
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The U.S. EPA National Exposure Research Laboratory (NERL) conducted a longitudinal particulate matter (PM) panel study in Research Triangle Park, NC between June 2000 and June 20...
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GASEOUS ELEMENTAL MERCURY IN THE MARINE BOUNDARY LAYER: EVIDENCE FOR RAPID REMOVAL IN ANTHROPOGENIC POLLUTION |
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In this study, gas-phase elemental mercury (Hg0) and related species (including inorganic reactive gaseous mercury (RGM) and particulate mercury (PHg)) were measured at Cheeka Pe...
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GC/MS IDENTIFICATION OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS FROM MILWAUKEE'S NEW OZONATION PLANTS |
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The Milwaukee Water Works recently added ozonation disinfection facilities to their municipal drinking water treatment. Coupling ozone treatment with biologically active filtration...
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GENE EXPRESSION ALTERATIONS OBSERVED IN PRIMARY CULTURED RAT HEPATOCYTES AFTER TREATMENT WITH CHLORINATED OR CHLORINATED AND OZONATED DRINKING WATER FROM EAST FORK LAKE, OHIO |
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Drinking water from East Fork Lake was spiked with iodide and bromide, disinfected with chlorine or ozone + chlorine, concentrated ~100-fold using reverse osmosis, and volatile dis...
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GENOME-WIDE EXPRESSION MONITORING IN RATS EXPOSED TO PARTICLES AND OZONE. (R827351C005) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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GENOMIC ADAPTATION OF THE EMBRYONIC STEM CELL TEST (EST) FOR A TOXICOLOGICAL STUDY OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS |
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Among the many promised and potential applications of embryonic stem cells, in vitro toxicology is one area in which ES cells have already proven their utility. In 2003, the Embry...
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GENOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS IN DRINKING WATER |
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The information summarized in this review provides substantial evidence for the widespread presence of genotoxins in drinking water. In many, if not most cases, the genotoxic activ...
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GLOBAL CLIMATE AND LARGE-SCALE INFLUENCES ON AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH |
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The last 3 decades have witnessed numerous large-scale mortality events of aquatic organisms in North America. Affected species range from ecologically-important sea urchins to com...
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GLOBAL INVENTORY OF VOLATILE COMPOUND EMISSIONS FROM ANTHROPOGENIC SOURCES |
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The report describes a global inventory anthropogenic volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions that includes a separate inventory for each of seven pollutant groups--paraffins, ol...
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GLOBAL INVENTORY OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND EMISSIONS FORM ANTHROPOGENIC SOURCES |
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The report describes a global inventory anthropogenic volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions that includes a separate inventory for each of seven pollutant groups--paraffins, ol...
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GLOBAL SIMULATION OF TROPOSPHERIC O3-NOX-HYDROCARBON CHEMISTRY, 3. ORIGIN OF TROPOSPHERIC OZONE AND EFFECTS OF NON-METHANE HYDROCARBONS. (R824096) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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GREEN CHEMISTRY THROUGH CATALYSIS, ALTERNATIVE SOLVENTS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY |
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Researchers at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Sustainable Technology Division have been working on new scientific approaches to persistent technological problems...
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GREENER CHEMICAL PROCESS DESIGN ALTERNATIVES ARE REVEALED USING THE WASTE REDUCTION DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (WAR DSS) |
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The Waste Reduction Decision Support System (WAR DSS) is a Java-based software product providing comprehensive modeling of potential adverse environmental impacts (PEI) predicted ...
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GROWTH OF COTTON UNDER CHRONIC OZONE STRESS AT TWO LEVELS OF SOIL MOISTURE |
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Recent field research has shown that ambient concentrations of ozone(O3) have the potential to reduce yield of a number of economically important crop species. Less emphasis has be...
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GUIDELINES FOR USING OZIPM-3 WITH CBM-X OR OPTIONAL MECHANISMS. VOLUME 1. DESCRIPTION OF THE OZONE ISOPLETH PLOTTING PACKAGE, VERSION 3 |
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A computer program, called Ozone Isopleth Plotting with Optional Mechanisms/Version 3 (OZIPM-3), has been developed. The program enables the use of a new Carbon Bond Mechanism (CBM...
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GUIDELINES FOR USING OZIPM-3 WITH CBM-X OR OPTIONAL MECHANISMS. VOLUME 2. COMPUTER CODE |
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A computer program, called Ozone Isopleth Plotting with Optional Mechanisms/Version 3 (OZIPM-3), has been developed. The program enables the use of a new Carbon Bond Mechanism (CBM...
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HALOCARBON PRODUCTION FROM OXIDATIVE BIOCIDES IN ESTUARINE WATERS |
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The formation of halo-organic compounds by chlorination of estuarine waters has been investigated under both laboratory and field conditions. Haloforms are readily generated in the...
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HANDBOOK ON ADVANCED NONPHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDATION PROCESSES |
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The purpose of this handbook is to summarize commercial-scale system performance and cost data for advanced nonphotochemical oxidation (ANPO) treatment of contaminated water, air, ...
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HAZARD ASSESSMENT USING AN INTEGRATED PHYSIOLOGICALLY-BASED DOSIMETRY MODELING APPROACH: OZONE |
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A physiologically-based dosimetry modeling approach can provide a framework for integrating various components of hazard assessments to obtain interspecies dose-response curves as ...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR 1,1,2-TRICHLORO-1,2,2-TRIFLUOROETHANE CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-113 (CFC-113)(REVISED EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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Chlorofluorocarbon 113 (1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane) has little potential to cause direct adverse health effects at levels found or expected in the general environment (<...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR CARBON TETRACHLORIDE. FINAL REPORT |
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Carbon tetrachloride (CC14) is a haloalkane with a wide range of industrial and chemical applications. Its presence in the atmosphere and in water appears to be of anthropogenic or...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH POTENTIAL EXPOSURES TO PM2.5, OZONE AND CARBON MONOXIDE IN THE RTP PM PANEL STUDY |
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Epidemiologic studies indicate that exposure to fine particles (PM 2.5) is associated with hospital admissions and premature deaths. In addition, heart rate variiability has been ...
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HEALTH EFFECTS OF AMBIENT OZONE EXPOSURE IN VIGOROUSLY EXERCISING ADULTS |
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The purpose of the analysis was to examine the association of changes in ambient ozone concentrations with changes in the pulmonary function (PFT) of healthy adults after exercisin...
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HEALTH EFFECTS OF OZONE EXPOSURE |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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HEALTH EFFECTS OF OZONE: A CRITICAL REVIEW |
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Health and pollution control professionals and the general public need to develop a more complete understanding of the health effects of ozone (O3) because: e have been unable to s...
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HEALTH EFFECTS OF SHORT-TERM INHALATION OF NITROGEN DIOXIDE AND OZONE MIXTURES |
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The effects of single and multiple daily 3-hour exposures to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) mixtures on the resistance to streptococcal pneumonia were investigated. The conc...
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HEALTH EFFECTS OF TROPOSHERIC OZONE: REVIEW OF RECENT RESEARCH FINDINGS AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS TO AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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HEALTH RISK PERSPECTIVES ON FUEL OXYGENATES |
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This document updated the 1993 Assessment of Potential Health Risks of Gasoline Oxygenated with Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether and provided background information to help the reader u...
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HIGH TIME-RESOLVED COMPARISONS FOR IN-DEPTH PROBING OF CMAQ FINE-PARTICLES AND GAS PREDICTIONS |
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Model evaluation is important to develop confidence in models and develop an understanding of their predictions. Most comparisons in the U.S. involve time-integrated measurements o...
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HIGH-LEVEL OZONE DISINFECTION OF MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER EFFLUENTS |
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A 20 month operating experimental program was conducted at Marlborough, Massachusetts to evaluate the feasibility, engineering, and economic aspects of achieving high levels of eff...
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HIGH-RATE DISINFECTION TECHNIQUES FOR COMBIND SEWER OVERFLOW |
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This paper presents high-rate disinfection technologies for combined sewer overflow (CSO). The high-rate disinfection technologies of interest are: chlorination/dechlorination, ...
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HISTORICAL EMISSION AND OZONE TRENDS IN THE HOUSTON AREA |
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An analysis of historical trend data for emissions and air quality in Houston for period of 1974-78 is conducted for the purposes of checking the EKMA O3-predicting model and of ex...
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HISTORY OF TROPOSPHERIC OZONE FOR THE SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, 1963-1999 |
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A historical database of hourly O3 concentrations for Crestline, California in 1963-1999 has been developed based on all available representative oxidant/ozone monitoring data take...
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HOST DEFENSE AND IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY OF THE LUNG |
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Respiratory allergies and infections are the most common form of illness in the United States and Europe and account for more missed school and work days than any other disease [1]...
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HOUSTON URBAN PLUME STUDY - 1974, DESCRIPTION AND DATA |
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The 1974 Houston Urban Plume Study (HUPS) was undertaken as a preliminary investigation of some of the unresolved features of Houston's air pollution problem. HUPS was intended spe...
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HOUSTON URBAN PLUME STUDY - 1974, DESCRIPTION AND SUMMARY OF RESULTS |
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The 1974 Houston Urban Plume Study (HUPS) was undertaken as a preliminary investigation of some of the unresolved features of Houston's air pollution problem. HUPS was intended spe...
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HOW ACTIVITY PATTERNS AFFECT CURRENT AND RECONSTRUCTED OZONE EXPOSURE ESTIMATES |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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HOW EXPOSURE TO ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE, OUTDOOR AIR POLLUTANTS,AND INCREASED POLLEN BURDENS INFLUENCES THE INCIDENCE OF ASTHMA |
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Asthma is a multifactorial airway disease that arises from a relatively common genetic background interphased with exposures to allergens and airborne irritants. The rapid rise in ...
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HOW GOOD ARE AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION MEASUREMENTS |
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In accordance with Federal regulations, state and local air pollution control agencies have, since January 1, 1981, been performing special checks of their ambient air measurement ...
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HUMAN ACTIVITIES THAT MAY LEAD TO HIGH INHALED INTAKE DOSES IN CHILDREN AGED 6-13 |
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The paper focuses on possible activities of children aged 6-13 that may make them susceptible to high hourly intake doses of ozone (O3) air pollution. Data from an O3 exposure m...
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HUMAN EXPOSURE SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLED OZONE ATMOSPHERES |
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An experimental exposure system for health effects research in environmental pollutants that permits the introduction and control of ozone (O3) to an acrylic plastic chamber in whi...
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HUMAN HEALTH METRICS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL DECISION SUPPORT TOOLS: LESSONS FROM HEALTH ECONOMICS AND DECISION ANALYSIS: PUBLISHED REPORT |
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NRMRL-CIN-1351A Hofstetter**, P., and Hammitt, J. K. Human Health Metrics for Environmental Decision Support Tools: Lessons from Health Economics and Decision Analysis. EPA/600/R...
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HUMAN HEALTH METRICS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL DECISION SUPPORT TOOLS: LESSONS FROM HEALTH ECONOMICS AND DECISION ANALYSIS |
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Decision makers using environmental decision support tools are often confronted with information that predicts a multitude of different human health effects due to environmental st...
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HUMAN HEALTH METRICS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL DECISION SUPPORT TOOLS: LESSONS FROM HEALTH ECONOMICS AND DECISION ANALYSIS |
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Decision makers using environmental decision support tools are often confronted with information that predicts a multitude of different human health effects due to environmental st...
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HUMAN HEALTH METRICS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL DECISION SUPPORT TOOLS: LESSONS FROM HEALTH ECONOMICS AND DECISION ANALYSIS: JOURNAL ARTICLE |
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NRMRL-CIN-1351 Hofstetter**, P., and Hammitt, J. K. Human Health Metrics for Environmental Decision Support Tools: Lessons from Health Economics and Decision Analysis. Risk Analysi...
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HUMAN INTERINDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY IN SUSCEPTIBILITY TO AIRBORNE PARTICLES |
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Part of the explanation for the persistent epidemiological findings of associations between mortality and morbidity with relatively modest ambient exposures to airborne particles m...
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HYDEODECLORINATION OF CCI2F2 USING PD SUPPORTED ON Y-AL2O3 CATALYSTS |
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Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), along with other chlorine- and bromine-containing compounds, have been implicated in the accelerated depletion of ozone in the Earth's stratosphere....
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HYDROCARBON AND CARBONYL OZONE PRECURSORS IN MEXICO CITY AMBIENT AIR |
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Urban air pollution is an environmental problem in many cities around the world that has serious immediate and long-term implications to the health of the population and to the p...
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HYDROCARBON AND OXIDANT CHEMISTRY OBSERVED AT A SITE NEAR ST. LOUIS |
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Integrated quantitative gas chromatographic measurements of the nearly one hundred individual hydrocarbons present in ambient air were made to deternime the total non-methane organ...
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HYDROCARBON SOURCE APPORTIONMENT FOR THE 1996 PASO DEL NORTE OZONE STUDY. (R826237) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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HYDROLYSIS |
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Hydrolytic processes provide the baseline loss rate for any chemical in an aqueous envi- ronment. Although various hydrolytic pathways account for significant degradation of certai...
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HYDROXYL RADICAL AND OZONE INITIATED PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS OF 1,3-BUTADIENE. (R826247) |
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1,3-Butadiene, classified as hazardous in the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, is an important ambient air pollutant. Understanding its atmospheric transformation is useful for it...
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HYDROXYL RADICAL/OZONE RATIOS DURING OZONATION PROCESSES. II. THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE, PH, ALKALINITY, AND DOM PROPERTIES |
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The influence of temperature, pH, alkalinity, and type and concentration of the dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the rate of ozone (O3) decomposition, O3-exposure, .OH-exposure an...
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Has the Performance of Regional-Scale Photochemical Modelling Systems Changed over the Past Decade? |
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This study analyzed summertime ozone concentrations that have been simulated by various regional-scale photochemical modelling systems over the Eastern U.S. as part of more than te...
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How Are Changing Solar Ultraviolet Radiation and Climate Affecting Light-induced Chemical Processes in Aquatic Environments? |
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Changes in the ozone layer over the past three decades have resulted in increases in solar UV-B radiation (280-315 nm) that reach the surface of aquatic environments. These changes...
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IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MISSING AND UNACCOUNTED FOR AREA SOURCE CATEGORIES |
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The report identifies and characterizes missing or unaccounted for area source categories. Area source emissions of particulate matter (TSP), sulfur dioxide (SO2), oxides of nitrog...
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IDENTIFICATION OF BROMOHYDRINS IN OZONATED WATERS |
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Because ozonation is becoming a popular alternative to chlorination for disinfection of drinking water and because little is known about the potential adverse effects of ozonation ...
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IDENTIFICATION OF CFC AND HCFC SUBSTITUTES FOR BLOWING POLYURETHANE FOAM INSULATION PRODUCTS |
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The report gives results of a cooperative effort to identiry chlorofluorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbon substitutes for blowing polyurethane foam insulation products. The subs...
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IDENTIFICATION OF CHLORINE DIOXIDE AND CHLORAMINE DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS |
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Due to concern over the potential adverse health effects of trihalomethanes (THMs) and other chlorinated by-products in chlorinated drinking water, alternative disinfection methods...
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IDENTIFICATION OF CHLORINE DIOXIDE DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS FORMED AT HIGH BROMIDE LEVELS |
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Due to concern over the potential adverse health effects of trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids, and other chlorinated by-products in chlorinated drinking water, alternative d...
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IDENTIFICATION OF DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS IN SWIMMING POOL WATER |
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In order to kill harmful pathogens, swimming pool water is treated with a disinfectant, such as chlorine or ozone. One of the most commonly used disinfectants is stabilized chlori...
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IDENTIFICATION OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS FROM OZONE, CHLORINE DIOXIDE, CHLORAMINE, AND CHLORINE |
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Many drinking water treatment plants are currently using alternative disinfectants to treat drinking water, with ozone, chlorine dioxide, and chloramine being the most popular. How...
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IDENTIFICATION OF NEW BROMINATED ACIDS IN DRINKING WATER |
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Since chloroform was identified as the first disinfection by-product (DBP) in drinking water, there has been more than 25 years of research on DBPs. Despite these efforts, more th...
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IDENTIFICATION OF NEW DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS IN DRINKING WATER |
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Due to concern over the potential adverse health effects of trihalomethanes (THMs) and other chlorinated by-products in chlorinated drinking water, alternative disinfectants are be...
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IDENTIFICATION OF NEW DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS FORMED IN THE PRESENCE OF BROMIDE |
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Using a combination of mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy, disinfection by-products (DBPs) were identified in ozonated drinking water containing elevated bromide levels, a...
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IDENTIFICATION OF NEW DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS FROM OZONE, CHLORINE DIOXIDE, CHLORAMINE, AND CHLORINE |
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Due to concern over the potential adverse health effects of trihalomethanes (THMs) and other chlorinated by-products in chlorinated drinking water, alternative disinfection methods...
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IDENTIFICATION OF NEW OZONE DISINFECTION BY PRODUCTS IN DRINKING WATER |
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Using a combination of spectral identification techniques-gas chromatography coupled with low- and high-resolution electron-impact mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS), low- and high-resol...
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IDENTIFICATION OF SUB-POPULATIONS THAT ARE SENSITIVE TO OZONE EXPOSURE: USE OF END POINTS CURRENTLY AVAILABLE AND POTENTIAL USE OF LABORATORY-BASED END POINTS UNDER DEVELOPMENT |
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A number of epidemiological studies have attempted to assess the effect of recurrent ozone exposure in humans. For the most part they have failed to convincingly document an associ...
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IDENTIFYING EVALUATING ALTERNATIVES TO CFC-114 FOR NAVY SHIPBOARD CHILLERS |
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The paper outlines EPA's role in investigating alternatives to replace the chlorofluorocarbon CFC-114 (1,1,2,2-tetrafluorodichloroethane) as the refrigerant in retrofitted Navy shi...
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IMMUNOSUPPRESSION OF PULMONARY NATURAL KILLER ACTIVITY BY EXPOSURE TO OZONE |
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Ozone is an oxidant gas and an ubiquitous oxidant air pollutant with the potential to adversely affect pulmonary immune function with a consequent increase in disease susceptibilit...
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IMPACT OF A 12-MONTH EXPOSURE TO A DIURNAL PATTERN OF OZONE ON PULMONARY FUNCTION, ANTIOXIDANT BIOCHEMISTRY AND IMMUNOLOGY |
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Rats were exposed for 12 months, 13 hr/day, 7 days/week to 0.06 ppm O3; Monday through Friday, the animals received a 9 hr spike reaching a maximum concentration of 0.25 ppm. An in...
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IMPACT OF AN OZONE GENERATOR AIR CLEANER ON STYRENE CONCENTRATIONS IN AN INDOOR AIR QUALITY RESEARCH CHAMBER |
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The paper gives results of an investigation of the impact of an ozone generator air cleaner on vapor-phase styrene concentrations in a full-scale indoor air quality test chamber. T...
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IMPACT OF AN UPDATED CARBON BOND MECHANISM ON PREDICTIONS FROM THE CMAQ MODELING SYSTEM: PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT |
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An updated and expanded Carbon Bond mechanism (CB05) has been incorporated into the Community Multiscale Air Quality modeling system to more accurately simulate wintertime, pristin...
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IMPACT OF COMBUSTION-RELATED POLLUTANTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ASTHMA |
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The increased incidence of asthma over the last 30 years is a significant public health problem. The goals of this research, driven by the ORDs Asthma Research Strategy are to ide...
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IMPACT OF ENHANCED SOLAR UV-B RADIATION UPON THE MARINE ECOSYSTEM |
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For years scientist and laymen alike have casually noted the impact of solar ultraviolet radiation upon the nonhuman component of the biosphere. It was not until recently, when hum...
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IMPACT OF NATURAL HYDROCARBONS ON AIR QUALITY |
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The emissions, reactivities, and ozone-forming potential of natural hydrocarbons are discussed. A review of the data available on emission levels for natural hydrocarbons indicates...
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IMPACT OF O3 ON LEAF CONSTRUCTION COST AND CARBON ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION |
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Plant response to ozone (O3) is controlled by the interactive balance between avoidance and intolerance processes. ush bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants were exposed to O3 in ope...
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IMPACT OF OZONE AND SULFUR DIOXIDE ON THE YIELD OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS |
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The National Crop Loss Assessment Network (NCLAN) was formed in 1980 to assess the effects of air pollutants on major agricultural crop yields. CLAN consisted of U. . government an...
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IMPACT OF OZONE AND SULPHUR DIOXIDE ON SOYBEAM YIELD |
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Little dose-response information exists on the effects of chronic ozone (O3) and intermittent sulfur dioxide (SO2) exposures on the yield of important agricultural crops. Such info...
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IMPACT OF OZONE ON AGRICULTURE AND ITS CONSEQUENCES |
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Given its high level of phytotoxicity and distribution of elevated concentrations over broad geographic areas, O3 is considered the most critical air pollutant affecting vegetation...
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IMPACT OF OZONE ON FIELD-CORN YIELD |
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Field corn(Zea mays L.) is the most important agricultural crop in the U.S. and the major production areas are subjected to potentially damaging concentrations of ozone (O3). Since...
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IMPACT OF OZONE ON GRAIN SORGHUM YIELD |
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Grain sorghum(sorghum vulgare Pers.) is an important animal feed crop, and it is sometimes planted as a substitute for field corn. Although sorghum is grown in areas of the central...
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IMPACT OF OZONE ON VEGETATION |
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Visible injury on vegetation is one of the earliest and most obvious manifestations of ozone injury. However, ozone effects are not limited to visible injury; impacts range from re...
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IMPACT OF OZONE ON WINTER WHEAT YIELD |
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Wheat is one of the more important agricultural crops in the USA, and the major production areas may be subjected to potentially damaging concentrations of ozone (O3). Since no inf...
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IMPACT OF SOLAR ULTRAVIOLET-B RADIATION (290-320 NM) UPON MARINE MICROALGAE |
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For years scientists and laymen alike have casually noted the impact of solar ultraviolet radiation upon the nonhuman component of the biosphere. Stratospheric ozone functions effe...
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IMPACT OF UV-B RADIATION ON PELAGIC FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS: REPORT OF WORKING GROUP ON BACTERIA AND PHYTOPLANKTON |
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Ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation has always been an important environmental factor. ecent global trends in stratospheric ozone depletion could increase the amount of UV-B within aqua...
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IMPACT ON OZONE ATTAINMENT OF CFC (CHLOROFLUOROCARBON) CONTROLS USED TO PREVENT FUTURE DEPLETION OF STRATOSPHERIC OZONE |
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The paper discusses the impact on ozone attainment of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) controls used to prevent future depletion of stratospheric ozone. It has been decided that allocated ...
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IMPACTS OF AIR POLLUTION AND CLIMATE CHANGE ON FOREST ECOSYSTEMS - EMERGING RESEARCH NEEDS |
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Outcomes from the 22nd meeting for Specialists in Air Pollution Effects on Forest Ecosystems "Forests under Anthropogenic Pressure - Effects of Air Pollution, Climate Change and Ur...
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IMPACTS OF GLOBAL CHANGE ON UV EXPOSURE IN COASTAL SHELF REGIONS OF THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES |
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Global change has a variety of impact on UV exposure in coastal shelf regions of the southeastern United States. Changes in solar UV reaching the water surface have been caused by ...
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IMPLEMENTATION OF THE USEPA (UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY) REGIONAL OXIDANT MODELING SYSTEM |
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Model design, implementation and quality assurance procedures can have a significant impact on the effectiveness of long term utility of any modeling approach. The Regional Oxidant...
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IMPLICATIONS OF THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL FOR ATMOSPHERIC EMISSIONS OF ALTERNATIVE CHEMICALS |
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The paper is about alternative chemicals. The substitution, of less ozone-depleting chemicals wherever it is cost effective and technically feasible, is expected because of anticip...
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IMPROVED TECHNIQUES FOR RESIDUAL OZONE |
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Eight analytical methods for the determination of residual ozone in water are evaluated. Four are iodometric methods based on the reduction of ozone by iodide ion: the iodometric m...
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IMPROVING EMISSION INVENTORIES FOR EFFECTIVE AIR-QUALITY MANAGEMENT ACROSS NORTH AMERICA - A NARSTO ASSESSMENT |
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The NARSTO Ozone and Particulate Matter Assessments emphasized that emission inventories are critical to the success of air quality management programs and that emissions inventori...
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IMPROVING EMISSION INVENTORIES FOR EFFECTIVE AIR-QUALITY MANAGMENT ACROSS NORTH AMERICA - A NARSTO ASSESSMENT |
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The NARSTO Ozone and Particulate Matter Assessments emphasized that emission inventories are critical to the success of air quality management programs and that emissions inventori...
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IN SITU ESTIMATES OF FOREST LAI FOR MODIS DATA VALIDATION |
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Satellite remote sensor data are commonly used to assess ecosystem conditions through synoptic monitoring of terrestrial vegetation extent, biomass, and seasonal dynamics. Two comm...
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IN SITU OXIDATION FIELD PILOT OF 1,4-DIOXANE AT THE COOPER DRUM SUPERFUND SITE |
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1,4-Dioxane, a solvent in paints, varnishes, lacquers, cosmetics, deodorants, cleaning and detergent preparations fluids, has attracted a lot of notice recently because its chemica...
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IN SITU VOLTAMMETRIC MEMBRANE OZONE ELECTRODE |
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A new voltammetric membrane electrode for trace analysis of ozone was developed. The effects of stirring and temperature as well as the response time were investigated. Using a thr...
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IN-SITU CHEMICAL OXIDATION--ENGINEERING ISSUE |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Engineering Issue Papers are a series of technology transfer documents that summarize the latest available information on specific te...
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IN-SITU OXIDATION OF 1,4-DIOXANE (LABORATORY RESULTS) |
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Interest in the solvent stabilizer, 1,4-dioxane, is increasing because analytical detection limits have decreased indicating its presence at chlorinated volatile organic compound c...
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INACTIVATION AND REMOVAL OF ENTERIC PROTOZOA IN WATER |
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Protozoan parasites including Giardia, Cryptosporidium, and Entamoeba can be transmitted through water and cause disease in humans and animals. Control of waterborne infection can...
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INACTIVATION OF BACILLUS GLOBIGII BY CHLORINATION: A HIERARCHICAL BAYESIAN MODEL |
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Recent events where spores of Bacillus anthracis have been used as a bioterrorist weapon have prompted interest in determining the resistance of this organism to commonly ...
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INACTIVATION OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM OOCYSTS IN A PILOT-SCALE OZONE BUBBLE-DIFFUSER CONTACTOR - II: MODEL VALIDATION AND APPLICATION |
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The ADR model developed in Part I of this study was successfully validated with experimenta data obtained for the inactivation of C. parvum and C. muris oocysts with a pilot-scale ...
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INACTIVATION OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM OOCYSTS WITH OZONE AND MONOCHLORAMINE AT LOW TEMPERATURE. (R826830) |
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The rate of Cryptosporidium parvum inactivation decreased with decreasing temperature (1¯20°C) for ozone and for monochloramine applied alone as well...
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INACTIVATION OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM WITH SEQUENTIAL APPLICATION OF OZONE AND COMBINED CHLORINE. (R826830) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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INACTIVATION OF HEPATITIS A VIRUS AND MS2 BY OZONE AND OZONE-HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN BUFFERED WATER |
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Disinfection of drinking water by chlorine is a primary means of preventing the transmission of waterborne disease, and its efficacy is well-established. The comparative inactivati...
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INACTIVATION OF HEPATITIS A VIRUS AND MS2 BY OZONE AND OZONE-HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN BUFFERED WATER |
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The comparative inactivation of highly purified hepatitis A virus (HAV) and MS2 by 1 mg H202/L, 2.0 and 0.4 mg 03/L, and 2.0 mg 03/L plus 0.6, 1.0, or 1.6 mg H202/L, at 3-10 degree...
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INCORPORATING ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS INTO PROCESS DESIGN: THE WASTE REDUCTION (WAR) ALGORITHM |
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A general theory known as the WAste Reduction (WASR) algorithm has been developed to describe the flow and the generation of potential environmental impact through a chemical proce...
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INCORPORATION AND DISAPPEARNACE OF OXYGEN-18 IN LUNG FROM MICE EXPOSED TO 1 PPM 18 O3 |
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In this study, 18O3 was used as a tracer for inhaled ozone in mice. he amount of ozone-derived oxygen (ODO) in the lungs was determined by measuring the amount of oxygen-18 in exce...
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INCREASE IN ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME IN RAT LUNGS FOLLOWING INHALATION OF PHOSGENE |
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Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II (a potent vasopressor) and plays an important role in homeostasis of blood pressure....
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INCREASED 8-HYDROXY GUANINE CONTENT OF CHLOROPLAST DNA FROM OZONE TREATED PLANTS |
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The mechanism of ozone-mediated plant injury is not know but has been postulated to involve oxygen free radicals. Hydroxyl free radicals react with DNA causing formation of many pr...
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INCREASED AMOUNTS OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN THE EXHALED BREATH OF OZONE-EXPOSED HUMAN SUBJECTS |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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INCREASED INFECTIVITY WITH EXPOSURE TO OZONE AND SULFURIC ACID |
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The effects of the combined action of ozone (O3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) aerosol on host susceptibility to an aerosol of viable microorganisms were studied. Exposure to O3 (0.196...
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INCREASED PULMONARY DISEASE MEDIATED THROUGH ALTERED BACTERIAL DEFENSES |
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The process of infection has been defined as an interaction of a host, a microbe, and the environment. In the natural environment, healthy individuals exist in equilibrium with pot...
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INCREASING BACKGROUND OZONE IN SURFACE AIR OVER THE UNITED STATES. (R826373) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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INDIVIDUAL AND POPULATION RESPONSES TO ABIOTIC STRESSES IN ITALIAN RYEGRASS |
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Expected changes in environmental factors will alter productivity of agroecosystems and influence the distribution of agricultural pests. In addition to the natural factors that ca...
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INDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY IN THE MAGNITUDE OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY RESPONSES TO OZONE EXPOSURE |
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Individuals differ widely in the magnitude of their acute respiratory responses to ozone exposure. These differences have been shown to be quite reproducible, indicating that they ...
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INDUCTION OF INTERLEUKIN-8 BY OZONE IS MEDIATED BY TYROSINE KINASE AND PROTEIN KINASE A, BUT NOT BY PROTEIN KINASE C. (R825268) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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INFLAMMATION AND CELL DAMAGE INDUCED BY REPEATED EXPOSURE OF HUMANS TO OZONE |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN HUMAN LUNG EXPOSED TO AMBIENT LEVELS OF OZONE |
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Although ozone (O3) has been shown to induce inflammation in the lungs of animals, very little is known about its inflammatory effects on humans. In the study, eleven healthy non-s...
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INFLUENCE OF BIOGENIC EMISSIONS ESTIMATES ON OZONE PRECURSORCONTROL REQUIREMENTS FOR ATLANTA |
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Emission estimates of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from naturalsources (biogenic emissions) are comparable to emissions fromanthropogenic sources in some regions of the U.S. es...
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INFLUENCE OF EXERCISE AND HEAT STRESS ON PULMONARY FUNCTION DURING OZONE EXPOSURE |
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The authors studied the effects of 2-h exposure to ozone in 14 nonsmoking males under four environmental conditions. Thirty minutes of exercise at 40% Vo2max was performed from 60 ...
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INFLUENCE OF EXPOSURE PATTERNS OF NITROGEN DIOXIDE AND MODIFICATIONS BY OZONE ON SUSCEPTIBILITY TO BACTERIAL INFECTIOUS DISEASE IN MICE |
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The nitrogen dioxide (NO2) diurnal cycle found in urban communities usually consists of a low basal concentration upon which are superimposed higher concentration peaks or spikes o...
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INFLUENCE OF LIGHT ON OZONE-INDUCED 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID AND ETHYLENE PRODUCTION FROM INTACT PLANTS |
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The influence of light on ozone-induced ethylene production from intact soybean (Glycine max L. Merr. cv. Dare) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Roma) plants was inves...
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INFLUENCE OF METHYL TERT-BUTYL ETHER (MTBE) ON LAKE WATER ALGAE |
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Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) has been used as an octane booster in gasoline in the United States since the 1970s. MTBE use increased greatly in the 1990s with the implementation ...
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INFLUENCE OF METHYL TERT-BUTYL ETHER (MTBE) ON LAKE WATER ALGAE: JOURNAL ARTICLE |
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NRMRL-ADA-01209
Kampbell*, D.H., An, Y, and Williams, VR. Influence of Methyl tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE) on Lake Water Algae. Bulletin of Env...
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INFLUENCE OF OZONE AND NITROGEN DIOXIDE ON HEPATIC MICROSOMAL ENZYMES IN MICE |
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Since ambient concentrations of ozone and nitrogen dioxide increase drug-induced sleeping time in female mice, potential mechanisms were sought by investigating the effects of thes...
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INFLUENCE OF OZONE EXPOSURE DYNAMICS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF KIDNEY BEAN (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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A field experiment was conducted in open-top chambers to assess the importance of peak exposure concentration and exposure frequency on the responses of kidney bean plants to O3. T...
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INFLUENCE OF OZONE ON PENTOBARBITAL PHARMACOKINETICS IN MICE |
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It had been shown that 3 to 5 hr exposures to ambient concentrations of ozone (O3) increase pentobarbital-induced sleeping time in female mice, hamsters, and rats without decreasin...
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INFLUENCE OF OZONE ON PENTOBARBITAL-INDUCED SLEEPING TIME IN MICE, RATS, AND HAMSTERS |
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Prior studies have shown that ozone (O3) increases pentobarbital (PEN)-induced sleeping time (S.T.) in female mice, rats, and hamsters. To investigate some potential mechanisms pro...
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INFLUENCE OF OZONE ON XENOBIOTIC METABOLISM |
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Gardner et al. found that ozone (O3) exposure increased pentobarbital induced sleeping time in female CD-1 mice. The animals were exposed to 1960 micrograms O3/cu. m (1 ppm) for 3 ...
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INFLUENCE OF VERTICAL RESOLUTION ON THE DIURNAL OZONE CONCENTRATIONS IN A REGIONAL PHOTOCHEMICAL MODEL: A PRELIMINARY STUDY WITH WINDOW RADM |
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Evaluation studies of the Regional Acid Deposition Model (RADM) with surface measurement have revealed positive bias (overprediction) of surface ozone (O3) concentration during nig...
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INHIBITION OF HUMAN NATURAL KILLER CELL ACTIVITY FOLLOWING IN VITRO EXPOSURE TO OZONE |
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In this study we have examined the effect of in vitro ozone exposure on human peripheral blood natural killer (NK) cell activity measured against K562 tumor cells. he data showed t...
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INITIAL APPL;ICATION OF THE ADAPTIVE GRID AIR POLLUTION MODEL |
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The paper discusses an adaptive-grid algorithm used in air pollution models. The algorithm reduces errors related to insufficient grid resolution by automatically refining the grid...
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INJURY AND YIELD RESPONSE OF COTTON TO CHRONIC DOSES OF OZONE AND SOIL MOISTURE DEFICIT |
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Plant response to ozone (03) is known to be modified by soil moisture deficit, which occurs in varying degrees during most growing seasons. hus, we examined the response of cotton ...
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INJURY AND YIELD RESPONSE OF SOYBEAN TO CHRONIC DOSES OF OZONE AND SOIL MOISTURE DEFICIT (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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A 2-yr field study was performed to determine injury and yield response of soybean to long-term O3 exposure and soil moisture deficit. Two levels of soil moisture (well-watered (WW...
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INJURY AND YIELD RESPONSES OF DIFFERENTIALLY IRRIGATED COTTON TO OZONE (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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The study was conducted to determine the influence of drought stress on foliar injury and yield responses of field-grown cotton. Cotton grown on Hanford coarse sandy loam at three ...
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INJURY RESPONSE OF 'PHASEOLUS VULGARIS' TO OZONE FLUX DENSITY |
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The paper by Amiro et al. (1984) provides significant insight concerning the effect of ozone on plants. Their data clearly distinguish between the terms air pollutant exposure (amb...
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INSIDE IAQ (SPRING/SUMMER 2001) |
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The newsletter discusses results of research on volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from photocopier toners, hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) emitted by shower curtains, asthm...
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INSTRUMENTATION, RECORDING, AND PROCESSING OF METEOROLOGICAL DATA NEAR PORTAGE, WISCONSIN: WISCONSIN POWER PLANT IMPACT STUDY |
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As part of the Columbia Power Plant Impact Study meteorological data were collected at a network of monitoring sites from 1972 through 1977. The data were the basis for a series of...
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INTEGRATED EARTH OBSERVATIONS: APPLICATION TO AIR QUALITY AND HUMAN HEALTH |
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In February 2005, ministers from 60 countries and the European Commission met in Brussels, Belgium to endorse the 10-year plan for a Global Earth Observation System of Systems(GEOS...
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INTEGRATED HUMAN AND ECOLOIGCAL RISK ASSESSMENT: A CASE STUDY OF ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION EFFECTS ON AMPHIBIANS, CORAL, HUMANS, AND OCEANIC PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY |
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Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is a naturally occurring stressor to most forms of life. The sole relevant source of this stressor is the sun. The Earth's stratospheric ozone layer red...
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INTEGRATION OF SPECIES SENSITIVITY AND DOSIMETRY DATA IN THE EXTRAPOLATION OF OZONE AND NITROGEN DIOXIDE HEALTH DATA FROM ANIMAL TO MAN |
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Estimations of regional pulmonary doses of O3 and NO2 need to be combined with an understanding of the sensitivity of several animal species and man to equivalent tissue doses befo...
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INTER- AND INTRA-STATE NOX AND SO2 EMISSIONS IMPACTS ON OZONE AND FINE PARTICULATE MATTER. (R825821) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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INTERACTION OF ELEVATED ULTRAVIOLET-B RADIATION AND CO2 ON PRODUCTIVITY AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC CHARACTERISTICS IN WHEAT, RICE, AND SOYBEAN |
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Wheat, rice and soybean were grown to determine if CO2-induced increases in photosynthesis biomass, and yield are modified by increases in ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation correspond...
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INTERACTION OF GRASS COMPETITION AND OZONE STRESS ON C/N RATIO IN PONDEROSA PINE |
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Individual ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) seedlings were grown with three levels of blue wild-rye grass (Elymus glaucus Buckl.) (0,32, or 88 plants m-2) to determ...
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INTERACTION OF OZONE AND HERBICIDES IN SOYBEANS |
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The purpose of this investigation was to identify potentially damaging herbicide-ozone interactions on soybean so that injury could be reduced by judicious selection of herbicides ...
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INTERACTION OF SOIL MOISTURE STRESS AND AMBIENT OZONE ON GROWTH AND YIELDS OF SOYBEANS |
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A field experiment was conducted in open-top chambers to determine how interactions of soil moisture stress and exposure to ozone may affect soybean yields. Cultivars Williams and ...
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INTERACTIONS BETWEEN NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND LONG-TERM RESPONSES TO ULTRAVIOLET-B RADIATION STRESS IN A MARINE DIATOM |
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Influences of nutrition status on the photoinhibitory effects of ultraviolet-B radiation (UVBR:290 to 320nm)on the specific growth rates (Uobs )and biomass of Phaeodactylum tricorn...
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INTERACTIONS OF LIGHT AND CHEMICAL REACTIONS IN THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT: KINETIC AND MECHANISTIC ASPECTS |
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Changes in the ozone layer over the past two decades have resulted in increases in solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation that reaches the surface of aquatic environments. Recent studie...
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INTERACTIONS OF SOLAR UV RADIATION AND DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTER IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS |
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Changes in the ozone layer over the past two decades have resulted in increases in solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation that reaches the surface of aquatic environments. Recent studie...
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INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF CO2 AND O3 ON A PONDEROSA PINE PLANT/LITTER/SOIL MESOCOSM |
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To study individual and combined impacts of two important atmospheric trace gases, CO2 and O3, on C and N cycling in forest ecosystems; a four-year experiment using a small-scale p...
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INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF ELEVATED CO2 AND 03 ON RICE AND FLACCA TOMATO |
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All atmospheric concentrations of both carbon dioxide (CO2) and ozone (03) are increasing, with potentially dramatic effects on plants. This study was conducted to determine intera...
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INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF OZONE AND CARBON DIOXIDE ON THE PONDEROSA PINE PLANT/LITTER/SOIL SYSTEM |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF OZONE DEPLETION AND CLIMATE CHANGE ON BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES |
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The effects of ozone depletion on global biogeochemical cycles, via increased UV-B radiation at the Earth's surface, have continued to be documented over the past 4 years. In this ...
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INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF OZONE DEPLETION AND CLIMATE CHANGE ON BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES. (R826939) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF SOLAR UV RADIATION AND CLIMATE CHANGE ON BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLING |
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This paper assesses research on the interactions of UV radiation (280-400 nm) and global climate change with global biogeochemical cycles at the Earth's surface. The effects of UV-...
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INTERANNUAL VARIATION IN METEOROLOGICALLY ADJUSTED OZONE LEVELS IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES: A COMPARISON OF TWO APPROACHED |
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Assessing the influence of abatement efforts and other human activities on ozone levels is complicated by the atmosphere's changeable nature. Two statistical methods, the dynamic ...
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INTERDEPENDENCIES OF MULTI-POLLUTANT CONTROL SIMULATIONS IN AN AIR QUALITY MODEL |
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In this work, we use the Community Multi-Scale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system to examine the effect of several control strategies on simultaneous concentrations of ozone, PM |
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INTERLABORATORY STUDY OF A TEST METHOD FOR MEASURING TOTAL VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND CONTENT OF CONSUMER PRODUCTS |
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The report describes results of an interlaboratory study to estimate repeatability (precision of analyses performed by a single laboratory) and reproducibility (precision analyses ...
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INTERNAL FILTERS: PROSPECTS FOR UV-ACCLIMATION IN HIGHER PLANTS |
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Wavelength-selective absorption of solar radiation within plant leaves allows penetration of visible radiation (400-700nm) to the chloroplasts, while removing much of the damaging ...
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INTERNATIONAL APPROACHES TO DEVELOPING STANDARDS FOR NONCRITERIA POLLUTANTS |
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Much of the initial interest in the control of pollutants, both in the United States and abroad, focused on such "traditional" pollutants as sulfur dioxide, particulate matter, Tot...
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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OXIDANT PROBLEMS: ANALYSIS OF THE EVIDENCE/VIEWPOINTS PRESENTED. PART II. EVIDENCE/VIEWPOINTS ON KEY ISSUES |
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A group of reviewer/experts reviewed evidence and viewpoints reported to date on the issues of ambient oxidant/O3 formation and control, and offered their conclusions and recommend...
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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OXIDANTS, 1976 - ANALYSIS OF EVIDENCE AND VIEWPOINTS. PART III. THE ISSUE OF STRATOSPHERIC OZONE INTRUSION |
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In recognition of the important and somewhat controversial nature of the oxidant control problem, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) organized and conducted a 5-day Int...
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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OXIDANTS, 1976 - ANALYSIS OF EVIDENCE AND VIEWPOINTS. PART VII. THE ISSUE OF OXIDANT/OZONE MEASUREMENT |
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In recognition of the important and somewhat controversial nature of the oxidant control problem, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) organized and conducted a 5-day Int...
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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANT POLLUTION AND ITS CONTROL. PROCEEDINGS: VOLUME I, HELD AT THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA ON SEPTEMBER 12-17, 1976 |
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The proceedings consist of 97 technical papers covering such areas as analytical methods for photochemical oxidants and precursors; causes of urban, suburban, and non-urban oxidant...
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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANT POLLUTION AND ITS CONTROL. PROCEEDINGS: VOLUME II, HELD AT THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA ON SEPTEMBER 12-17, 1976 |
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The proceedings consist of 97 technical papers covering such areas as analytical methods for photochemical oxidants and precursors; causes of urban, suburban, and non-urban oxidant...
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INTERPOLATION OF TEMPERATURE AND NON-URBAN OZONE EXPOSURE AT HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION OVER THE WESTERN UNITED STATES |
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In order to assess the impact of natural and anthropogenic stresses on forest ecosystems, it is necessary to interpolate air temperature and tropospheric ozone (O3) exposure values...
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INTERPRETING THE INFORMATION IN OZONE OBSERVATIONS AND MODEL PREDICTIONS RELEVANT TO REGULATORY POLICIES IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES. (R825260) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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INTERPRETIVE ANALYSIS OF OBSERVED AND MODELED MESOSCALE OZONE PHOTOCHEMISTRY IN AREAS WITH NUMEROUS POINT SOURCES |
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The Regional Acid Deposition Model (RADM) has been applied to several of the field experiments that were part of the Acid Models Operational and Diagnostic Evaluation Study (Acid M...
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INTERRELATION OF EXPERIMENTAL EXPOSURE AND AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA FOR COMPARISON OF OZONE EXPOSURE INDICES AND ESTIMATING AGRICULTURAL LOSSES |
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This report evaluates ambient air quality indicators for ozone (O3) and estimates the exposure levels associated with agricultural losses. In support of the U.S. EPA Office of Air ...
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INTERSPECIES DOSIMETRY OF REACTIVE GASES |
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The development of dosimetry models that can provide a description of the uptake and distribution of inhaled compounds throughout the body and the availability of animal toxicologi...
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INTERSUBJECT VARIABILITY IN HUMAN ACUTE OZONE RESPONSIVENESS |
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Individuals exposed to ozone experience a wide range in the magnitudes of lung function decrements and symptoms produced. hese intersubject differences in response are reproducible...
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INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION IN SENSITIVITY TO UV-B RADIATION IN RICE |
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Twenty-two cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.) from diverse origins were grown under greenhouse conditions and exposed to ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B; 280-320 nm) simulating a 5%...
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INVENTORY OF CURRENT INDOOR AIR QUALITY-RELATED RESEARCH |
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The Inventory lists a total of 171 current or recently completed projects relating to indoor air quality. It covers six specific areas of research: monitoring, instrumentation, hea...
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INVESTIGATING THE INFLUENCE OF LONG RANGE TRANSPORT ON MERCURY DEPOSITION IN SOUTH FLORIDA |
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In 1999, the US EPA National Exposure Research Laboratory (NERL) through a Regional Applied Research Effort initiated a study to evaluate the magnitude of long-range transport of...
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INVESTIGATION AND IMPLICATIONS OF SUB GRID VARIABILITY OF CMAQ MODELED CONCENTRATIONS |
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This poster introduces a method called SGV adjusted concentrations (SAC) for introducing sub-grid variability (inherent in air quality grid models) into CMAQ for various applicatio...
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INVESTIGATION OF HFC-236EA AND HFC-236FA AS CFC-114 REPLACEMENTS IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE HEAT PUMPS |
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The paper discusses a thermodynamic analysis of HFC-236ea and HFC-236f as ozone-safe CFC-114 alternatives in a vapor-compression cycle at high-temperature heat-pump conditions. he ...
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INVESTIGATION OF PHOTOCHEMICAL MODELING OF POINT SOURCE POLLUTANTS WITH EULERIAN GRID AND LAGRANGIAN PLUME APPROACHES |
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In this paper, results of Eulerian grid and Lagrangian photochemical model simulations of emissions from a major elevated point source are presented. eries of simulations with grid...
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IS OZONE A RISK FACTOR IN ENVIRONMENTAL ASTHMA? |
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Asthma morbidity and mortality appear to have increased over the past 15 years in the face of increased availability and rise of an expanding spectrum of pharmacologic therapies. n...
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ISOTOPIC (14C) AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ATMOSPHERIC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND FRACTIONS - PRECURSORS TO OZONE FORMATION |
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Atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are an important factor in the production of ozone near ground level [3]. Many hydrocarbons originate from auto exhaust. However, a ...
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ISOTOPIC EXCHANGE BETWEEN CARBON DIOXIDE AND OZONE VIA O('D) IN THE STRATOSPHERE |
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We propose a novel mechanism for isotopic exchange between CO2 and O3 via O(1D) + CO2 - CO3 followed by CO3 - CO2 + O(3P). ne dimensional model calculation shows that mechanism can...
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ISOTOPIC STUDY OF THE INHALATION TOXICOLOGY OF OXIDANTS |
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The purpose of these studies was to develop novel methods to investigate the biological fate of inhaled ozone and other oxygen-containing pollutants in animal and human tissues usi...
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ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN MODELING CHILDREN'S LONGITUDINAL EXPOSURES: AN OZONE STUDY |
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Modeling children's exposures is a complicated, data-intensive process. Modeling longitudinal exposures, which are important for regulatory decision making, especially for most air...
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Impact of meteorology, traffic characteristics, and distance from roadway on roadside concentrations of ultrafine particulate matter |
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Traffic-laden roadways are major contributors to poor air quality in developed areas, elevating pollutants such as particulate matter (PM) and ozone. Among the numerous air pollut...
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Interactions of Changing Solar Ultraviolet Radiation and Climate with Light Induced Chemical Reactions in Aquatic Environments |
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Changes in the ozone layer over the past two decades have resulted in increases in solar ultraviolet radiation that reach the surface of North American aquatic environments. Concur...
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KEYNOTE ADDRESS |
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Over the past two decades an environmental conference series has emerged in Poland to become one of the premier forums on the chemical aspects of environmental protection. The foru...
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KINETICS AND MECHANISMS OF THE GAS-PHASE REACTIONS OF OZONE WITH ORGANIC COMPOUNDS UNDER ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS |
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Literature kinetic and mechanistic data have been compiled and evaluated for the gas phase reactions of ozone with organics. Emphasis is placed upon the reaction kinetics and mecha...
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KINETICS MODEL AND OZONE ISOPLETH PLOTTING PACKAGE |
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The Kinetics Model and Ozone Isopleth Plotting Package (OZIPP) computer program can be used to simulate ozone formation in urban atmospheres. OZIPP calculates maximum one-hour aver...
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LABORATORY STUDY ON THE OXIDATION OF ARSENIC III TO ARSENIC V |
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A one-year laboratory study was performed to determine the ability of seven oxidants to oxidize As(III) to As(V). These included chlorine, permanganate, ozone, chlorine dioxide, mo...
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LAKE MICHIGAN URBAN AIR TOXICS STUDY |
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During the summer of 1991, an air toxics monitoring program wa conducted in the lower Lake Michigan area. his study was designed to take advantage of the intensive meteorological a...
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LAKE MICHIGAN URBAN AIR TOXICS STUDY DESIGN AND OVERVIEW |
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During the summer of 1991, an air toxics monitoring program was conducted in the lower Lake Michigan area. his study was designed to take advantage of the extensive meteorological ...
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LATITUDINAL AND SEASONAL VARIATION IN CALCULATED ULTRAVIOLET-B IRRADIANCE IN THE RICE-GROWING REGIONS OF ASIA |
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Ultraviolet-B (UV-B, 280-329 nm) irradiance was calculated for more than 1200 sites in Asia to characterize the spatial and temporal variation in the present UV-B climate for rice-...
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LEAF AREA INDEX (LAI) CHANGES DETECTION OF UNDERSTORY VEGETATION IN THE ALBEMARLE-PAMLICO BASIN IKONOS AND LANDSAT ETM+ SATELLITE DATA |
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The advent of remotely sensed data from satellite platforms has enabled the research community to examine vegetative spatial distributions over regional and global scales. This ass...
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LEAF AREA INDEX CHANGE DETECTION OF UNDERSTORY VEGETATION IN THE ALBEMARLE-PAMLICO BASIN USING IKOMOS AND LANDSAT ETM+ SATELLITE DATA |
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The advent of remotely sensed data from satellite platforms has enabled the research community to examine vegetative spatial distributions over regional and global scales. This ass...
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LETHAL AND SUBLETHAL EXPOSURE AND RECOVERY EFFECTS OF OZONE-PRODUCED OXIDANTS ON ADULT WHITE PERCH (MORONE AMERICANA GMELIN) |
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Adult white perch (Morone americana), acclimated to 15C, were exposed to a series of ozone-produced oxidant (OPO) concentrations for 96 h using continuous flow bioassay techniques....
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LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF GASOLINE BLENDING OPTIONS |
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A life cycle assessment has been done to compare the potential environmental impacts of various gasoline blends that meet octane and vapour pressure specifications. The main blend...
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LIFE CYCLE IMPACT ASSESSMENT AN INTRODUCTION AND INTERNATIONAL UPDATE |
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Research within the field of Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) has greatly improved since the work of Heijungs and Guinee in 1992. Within the UNEP / SETAC Life Cycle Initiative ...
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LIFE CYCLE IMPACT ASSESSMENT WORKSHOP SUMMARY - MIDPOINTS VERSUS ENDPOINTS: THE SACRIFICES AND BENEFITS |
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On 5/25-26/2000 in Brighton, England, the third international workshop was held under the umbrella of UNEP addressing issues in Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA). The workshop pr...
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LIFE CYCLE IMPACT ASSESSMENT: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE, II |
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Research within the field of Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) has greatly improved since the work of Heijungs and Guinee in 1992. Methodologies are currently available to addre...
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LIGHT HYDROCARBON AND OXIDANT TRANSPORT STUDIES IN OHIO - 1974 |
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This report describes a field research study carried out in the Canton, Ohio, area during July, 1974. Light hydrocarbons, oxidant and other air pollution parameters were monitored ...
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LINKAGE BETWEEN CLIMATE CHANGE AND STRATOSPHERIC OZONE DEPLETION |
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Two primary areas link the issue of stratospheric ozone depletion to global climate change: atmospheric processes and ecological processes. tmospheric processes establish a linkage...
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LINKING CHANGES IN UTILITY NO X EMISSIONS TO CHANGE IN OZONE AIR QUALITY |
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The NOx State Implementation Plan (SIP) Call was designed to reduce Northeastern U.S. NOx emissions from utilities. With these reductions, it was anticipated...
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LINKING ETA MODEL WITH THE COMMUNITY MULTISCALE AIR QUALITY (CMAQ) MODELING SYSTEM: OZONE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS |
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A prototype surface ozone concentration forecasting model system for the Eastern U.S. has been developed. The model system is consisting of a regional meteorological and a regional...
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LONG PATH LASER OZONE MONITOR EVALUATION |
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The purpose of the study reported here was to evaluate a long path laser air pollution monitor developed for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) by the General Electric ...
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LONG-TERM AMBIENT OZONE CONCENTRATION AND THE INCIDENCE OF ASTHMA IN ADULTS: THE AHSMOG STUDY |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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LONG-TERM INHALABLE PARTICLES AND OTHER AIR POLLUTANTS RELATED TO MORTALITY IN NONSMOKERS |
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Long-term ambient concentrations of inhalable particles less than 10 microm in diameter (PM10) (1973- 1992) and other air pollutants-total suspended sulfates, sulfur dioxide, ozone...
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LOW ERYTHROCYTE GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE (G-6-PD) ACTIVITY AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO NITRITE-INDUCED METHEMOGLOBIN FORMATION |
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Considerable interest has recently focused on the identification and quantification of subsegments of the population that may be at increased risk to experience enhanced toxicity a...
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LOW OZONE-DEPLETING HALOCARBONS AS TOTAL-FLOOD AGENTS: VOLUME 1. CANDIDATE SURVEY |
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The volume describes an effort to identify chemical fire protection and explosion prevention agents which may replace the ozone-depleting agent Halon-1301 (CF3Br). Halon-1301 is us...
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LOW OZONE-DEPLETING HALOCARBONS AS TOTAL-FLOOD AGENTS: VOLUME 2. LABORATORY-SCALE FIRE SUPPRESSION AND EXPLOSION PREVENTION TESTING |
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The report gives results from (1) flame suppression testing of potential Halon-1301 (CF3Br) replacement chemicals in a laboratory cup burner using n-heptane fuel and (2) explosion ...
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LOW-DOSE AIRBORNE ENDOTOXIN EXPOSURE ENHANCES BRONCHIAL RESPONSIVENESS TO INHALED ALLERGEN IN ATOPIC ASTHMATICS |
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Endotoxin exposure has been associated with both protection against development of TH2-immune responses during childhood and exacerbation of asthma in persons who already have alle...
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LUNG CELL INJURY INDUCED BY DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES (DEP) IN VIVO AND IN VITRO: EFFECTS OF OZONE (03) AS A CO-POLLUTANT |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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LUNG CELL INJURY INDUCED BY DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES (DEP) IN VIVO AND IN VITRO: EFFECTS OF OZONE (O3) AS A CO-POLLUTANT |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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LUNG INJURY AFTER OZONE EXPOSURE IS IRON-DEPENDENT |
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We tested the hypothesis that oxidative stress and biological effect after ozone (O3) exposure are dependent on changes in iron homeostasis. After O3 exposure, healthy volunteers d...
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LUNG INJURY CAUSED BY AMBIENT LEVELS OF OZONE |
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Exposures to low levels of 03 cause epithelial and interstitial injury in the proximal alveolar region. he sequential development of this lesion caused by a simulated ambient patte...
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Life Cycle Assessment of an Ionic LIquid versus Traditional Solvents and Their Applications |
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Ionic liquids (ILs) have been claimed as "greener" replacements to traditional solvents. HOwever, the environmental impacts of the life cycle phases including the making of ILs, th...
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Linking Global to Regional Models to Assess Future Climate Impacts on Surface Ozone Concentrations in the United States |
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The UCD sectional aerosol model has been coupled to the CMAQ air quality model and used to simulate air quality in Tampa, Florida. Sea salt emissions are parameterized as a functi...
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MANUAL FOR NON-CFC AEROSOL PACKAGING: CONVERSION FROM CFC TO HYDROCARBON PROPELLANTS |
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The report provides technical assistance to aerosol product marketers and fillers in other nations now faced with eliminating chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) under the terms of the Mont...
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MAPPING ANNUAL MEAN GROUND-LEVEL PM2.5 CONCENTRATIONS USING MULTIANGLE IMAGING SPECTRORADIOMETER AEROSOL OPTICAL THICKNESS OVER THE CONTIGUOUS UNITED STATES |
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We present a simple approach to estimating ground-level fine particle (PM2.5, particles smaller than 2.5 um in diameter) concentration using global atmospheric chemistry models and...
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MAPPING CRITICAL LEVELS OF OZONE, SULPHUR DIOXIDE AND NITROGEN DIOXIDE FOR CROPS, FORESTS AND NATURAL VEGETATION IN THE UNITED STATES |
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Air pollution abatement strategies for controlling nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and ozone emissions in the United States focus on a "Standards-based" approach. his approach pl...
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MASS SPECTROMETRY FOR RISK MANAGEMENT OF DRINKING WATER TREATMENT; II. DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS: HALOACETIC ACIDS |
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Risk management of drinking water relies on quality analytical data. Analytical methodology can often be adapted from environmental monitoring sources. However, risk management s...
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MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF OZONE ABSORPTION IN THE LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT |
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A mathematical O3 dosimetry model has been developed for simulating the local absorption of O3 in the lower respiratory tract (LRT) of animals and man. The model takes into account...
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MATRIX PHOTOCATALYTIC, INC. PHOTOCATALYTIC OXIDATION TECHNOLOGY - INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY EVALUATION REPORT |
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The Matrix Technology involves the exposure of titanium dioxide (Ti02) particles to ultraviolet light (UV). The Ti02 is activated by UV light to produce high oxidizing hydroxyl ra...
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MAXIMUM UTILIZATION OF WATER RESOURCES IN A PLANNED COMMUNITY - CHLORINE AND OZONE TOXICITY EVALUATION |
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To ensure adequate water quality for impoundments receiving disinfected wastewater in The Woodlands, Texas the following experiments were conducted. Using fingerling channel catfis...
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MAXIMUM UTILIZATION OF WATER RESOURCES IN A PLANNED COMMUNITY. BACTERIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STORMWATERS IN DEVELOPING RURAL AREAS |
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An investigation of low flow and stormwater runoff bacteria content from rural and urban areas was conducted over a two and a half year period. Data were obtained from total colifo...
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MEASUREMENT OF AMBIENT OZONE USING A NITRATE-COATED FILTER |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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MEASUREMENT OF LIGHT HYDROCARBONS AND OXIDANT TRANSPORT, HOUSTON AREA 1976 |
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An extensive air pollutant monitoring program, including ground level and aerial sampling, was carried out in the Houston area during the month of July 1976. Measurements included ...
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MEASUREMENT OF OAK TREE DENSITY WITH LANDSAT TM DATA FOR ESTIMATING BIOGENIC ISOPRENE EMISSIONS IN TENNESSEE, USA |
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Isoprene emissions from oak trees in the eastern USA play an important role in tropospheric ozone pollution. Oak trees (Quercus) emit an order of magnitude more isoprene than most ...
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MEASUREMENT OF OAK TREE DENSITY WITH LANDSAT TM DATA FOR ESTIMATING BIOGENIC ISOPRENE EMISSIONS IN TENNESSEE, USA: JOURNAL ARTICLE |
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JOURNAL NRMRL-RTP-P- 437 Baugh, W., Klinger, L., Guenther, A., and Geron*, C.D. Measurement of Oak Tree Density with Landsat TM Data for Estimating Biogenic Isoprene Emissions in T...
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MEASUREMENT OF OXIDANT PRECURSORS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO OZONE FORMATION |
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Measurements of 0600 to 0900 AM speciated NMOC compounds obtained from 19 urban areas located throughout the United States during a 1985 sampling program are presented. The cities ...
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MEASUREMENT OF RURAL SULFUR DIOXIDE AND PARTICLE SULFATE: ANALYSIS OF CASTNET DATA, 1987 - 1996 |
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The Clean Sir Status and Trends Network (CASTNet) was implemented by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1991 in response to Title IX of the Clean Air Amendments of 1...
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MEASUREMENT OF VAPOR PHASE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AT HIGH CONCENTRATIONS |
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Laboratory, industrial, chemical, or other waste products may have constituents that evolve volatile organic compounds (VOCS) at very high concentrations. hese could pose human hea...
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MEASUREMENTS OF CARDIOPULMONARY RESPONSE IN AWAKE RATS DURING ACUTE EXPOSURE TO NEAR AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS OF OZONE |
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Although rodents are the most commonly studied animal species for ozone (O3) research, no acute cardiopulmonary function studies during exposure have been reported. wake Fischer-34...
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MEASUREMENTS OF THE PRODUCTS OF ATMOSPHERIC PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS IN LABORATORY STUDIES AND IN AMBIENT AIR-RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN OZONE AND OTHER PRODUCTS |
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Many inorganic and organic gaseous and aerosol products are formed in the atmosphere from atmospheric photochemical reactions. The mechanisms of formation, types of products identi...
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MECHANISM OF HOX FORMATION IN THE GAS-PHASE OZONE-ALKENE REACTION. 1. DIRECT, PRESSURE- DEPENDENT MEASUREMENTS OF PROMPT HYDROXYL RADICAL (OH) YIELDS. (R825258) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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MECHANISM OF HOX FORMATION IN THE GAS-PHASE OZONE-ALKENE REACTION. 2. PROMPT VERSUS THERMAL DISSOCIATION OF CARBONYL OXIDES TO FORM HYDROXYL RADICAL (OH). (R825258) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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MECHANISMS OF AGE-RELATED SENSITIVITY TO OZONE IN WISTAR RATS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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MECHANISMS OF PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS IN URBAN AIR. VOLUME I. CHEMISTRY STUDIES |
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Results are presented of a research program concerned with selected aspects of the kinetics, mechanisms and products of reactions involved in photochemical air pollution. Rate cons...
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MECHANISMS OF PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS IN URBAN AIR. VOLUME II. CHAMBER STUDIES |
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The smog chamber facility of the Statewide Air Pollution Research Center has been employed in a study designed to provide experimental data required for the validation of kinetic c...
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MEETING IN CHINA: EMERGING ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS AND CURRENT ISSUES |
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Much has been achieved in the way of environmental protection over the last 30 years. However, as we learn more, new concerns arise (including potential adverse health effects, bio...
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MEETING IN GERMANY: EMERGING ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS AND CURRENT ISSUES |
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Much has been achieved in the way of environmental protection over the last 30 years. However, as we learn more, new concerns arise (including potential adverse health effects, bio...
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MEETING IN NEW ZEALAND: EMERGING ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS AND CURRENT ISSUES |
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Much has been achieved in the way of environmental protection over the last 30 years. However, as we learn more, new concerns arise (including potential adverse health effects, bio...
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MEMBRANE EXTRACTION GC/MS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS |
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For many years, public water supplies in the U.S.have been treated with a variety of chemicals aimed at reducing or eliminating infectious diseases. Chlorine is the most common di...
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MENU OF NOX EMISSION CONTROL OPTIONS FOR COAL-FIRED ELECTRIC UTILITY BOILERS |
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The paper reviews NOx control options for coal-fired electric utility boilers. (NOTE: Acid Rain NOx regulations, the Ozone Transport Commission's NOx Budget Program, revision of th...
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MERCURY OXIDATION PROMOTED BY A SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION CATALYST UNDER SIMULATED POWDER RIVER BASIN COAL COMBUSTION CONDITIONS |
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A bench-scale reactor consisting of a natural gas burner and an electrically heated reactor housing a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst was constructed for studying elem...
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MERCURY SEQUESTRATION IN CHL004 AND BACTERIA FROM AROUND THE WORLD |
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Mercury is a particularly toxic heavy metal which because of it's volatility easily impacts the globe and is partially responsible for loss of the ozone layer and thus global warmi...
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METAL-INDUCED LATE PULMONARY INJURY IS REDUCED BY OZONE (O3) COEXPOSURE |
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METAL-INDUCED LATE PULMONARY INJURY IS REDUCED BY OZONE (O3) COEXPOSURE. UP Kodavanti, MCJ Schladweiler, WP Watkinson, JP Nolan, PA Evansky, ER Lappi, G Ross, JH Richards, and DL C...
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METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS DURING A SULFATE EPISODE IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA |
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Meteorological conditions are characterized for a prolonged period in which an air mass contained high concentrations of sulfate pollutants. The period occurred in the Los Angeles ...
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METHOD FOR DEVELOPING OZONE EXPOSURES THAT MIMIC AMBIENT CONDITIONS IN AGRICULTURAL AREAS |
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Ozone fumigations that mimic ambient ozone distributions facilitate the development of links between (1) vegetative effects results that are generated in the laboratory and the fie...
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METHOD FOR SEPARATING VOLATILE ORGANIC CARBON FROM 0.1 M3 OF AIR TO IDENTIFY SOURCES OF OZONE PRECURSORS VIA ISOTOPE (14C) MEASUREMENTS |
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Atmospheric non-methane volatile organic compounds (VOCS) are known to play an important role in urban ozone formation during the summer. o respond to the need for a direct measure...
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METHOD FOR TRACING OXYGEN-18 IN VIVO: APPLICATION TO OZONE DOSIMETRY IN ANIMALS |
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Data on ozone dosimetry in tissues would assist in validating models of extrapolation used in risk assessments. The paper presents some of the first measurements of ozone reaction ...
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METHODS DEVELOPMENT FOR ASSESSING AIR POLLUTION CONTROL BENEFITS. VOLUME III. A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF AIR POLLUTION DAMAGES FOR SELECTED CROPS WITHIN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA |
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This volume investigates the economic benefits that would accrue from reductions in oxidant/ozone air pollution-induced damages to 14 annual vegetable and field crops in southern C...
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METHODS FOR EVALUATING THE SUSTAINABILITY OF GREEN PROCESSES |
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Methods for Evaluating the Sustainability of Green Processes
By Raymond L. Smith and Michael A. Gonzalez
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Research and De...
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METHODS FOR SIMULATING GAS PHASE SO2 OXIDATION IN ATMOSPHERIC MODELS |
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Two different approaches are presented for simulating gas phase sulfur dioxide oxidation in atmospheric models. The first approach was to develop an empirical relationship based on...
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MICROBES IN DRINKING WATER: RECENT EPIDEMIOLOGIC RESEARCH TO ASSESS WATERBORNE RISKS |
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Microbial caused diarrhea continues to be a major cause of death in many countries. The transmission of these organisms to humans is often mediated by drinking water. These ent...
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MICROBIOLOGICAL ISSUES RELATED TO DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION CHEMISTRY: OPPORTUNITIES FOR FURTHER TIO2 RESEARCH |
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Effective removal or inactivation of pathogenic organisms through disinfection is the most important process in drinking water treatment and distribution. he most common means of d...
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MICROSCALE VARIATIONS IN AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS OF POLLUTANTS IN ST. LOUIS AIR |
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As part of the Regional Air Pollution Study, a series of studies were carried out in St. Louis during the summers of 1974, 1975, and 1976 primarily to determine the subgrid concent...
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MIDWEST INTERSTATE SULFUR TRANSFORMATION AND TRANSPORT PROJECT: AERIAL MEASUREMENTS OF URBAN AND POWER PLANT PLUMES, SUMMER 1974 |
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A portion of the research activities of the Midwest Interstate Sulfur Transformation and Transport Project (Project MISTT) during the summer of 1974 is documented. Using a light pl...
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MINING AND MODELING FOR A METROPOLITAN ATLANTA OZONE POLLUTION DECISION-MAKING FRAMEWORK. (R828207) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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MISTING OF LOW VAPOR PRESSURE HALOCARBONS |
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The paper gives results of a laboratory-scale study of the use of misting systems to provide total-flood fire protection with lower vapor pressure halocarbons. (NOTE: Several candi...
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MIXED MODELS AND GENERALIZED ESTIMATING EQUATIONS (GEE) ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF SUMMER OZONE ON PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW AND ASTHMA SYMPTOMS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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MOBILE AIR-CONDITIONING RECYCLING MANUAL |
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The report gives guidelines on the recovery and recycle of the chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12), from mobile air conditions. t is intended for wide distri...
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MOBILE EMISSIONS CHARACTERIZATION TEAM (HANDOUT) |
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The handout describes the Mobile Emissions Characterization Team of EPA's Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air Pollution Prevention...
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MOBILE SOURCE NOX MONITOR, HYDROGEN-ATOM DIRECT CHEMILUMINESCENCE METHOD |
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An analyzer was developed for measuring motor vehicle NOx (NO and NO2) emissions based on the chemiluminescence reaction of NO and NO2 with hydrogen atoms. This eliminated the need...
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MOBILE4 SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS |
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The report identifies the MOB1LE4 input variables that can have significant impacts on highway vehicle emissions inventories and gives priorities for the development of improved gu...
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MOBILE4 SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS |
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The report identifies the MOB1LE4 input variables that can have significant impacts on highway vehicle emissions inventories and gives priorities for the development of improved gu...
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MODEL FOR COMPARISON OF ANIMAL AND HUMAN ALVEOLAR DOSE AND TOXIC EFFECT OF INHALED OZONE |
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Present models for predicting human pulmonary toxicity of ozone from the toxic effects observed in animals rely on dosimetric measurements of ozone mass balance, and species compar...
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MODEL FOR MEASURING THE HEALTH IMPACT FROM CHANGING LEVELS OF AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION: MORBIDITY STUDY |
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The study quantitatively examines the relationship between human health and ambient air concentrations of the major pollutants in the city of Chicago. This report describes the mor...
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MODEL FOR PREDICTING THE INFLUENCE OF MOISTURE STRESS ON CROP LOSSES CAUSED BY OZONE |
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Estimates of crop losses caused by ambient ozone are usually based on results from fumigation experiments performed on adequately watered crops. However, drought frequently affects...
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MODEL OF THE REGIONAL UPTAKE OF GASEOUS POLLUTANTS IN THE LUNG. 1. THE SENSITIVITY OF THE UPTAKE OF OZONE IN THE HUMAN LUNG TO LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT SECRETIONS AND EXERCISE |
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A model of the Regional Uptake of Gaseous Pollutants in the Lung. I. The sensitivity of the Uptake of Ozone in the Human Lung to Lower Respiratory Tract Secretions and to Exercise....
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MODEL OF THE REGIONAL UPTAKE OF GASEOUS POLLUTANTS IN THE LUNG. 2. THE SENSITIVITY OF OZONE UPTAKE IN LABORATORY ANIMAL LUNGS TO ANATOMICAL AND VENTILATORY PARAMETERS |
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An O3 dosimetry model is used to simulate the local absorption of O3 in the lower respiratory tract (LRT) of rats and guinea pigs. The model takes into account LRT anatomy, transpo...
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MODEL YMT-6 UV-B MODULATION SYSTEM - MANUAL OF OPERATION |
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The YMT-6 Ultraviolet Irradiation Modulation System (YMT-6 UIMS) is designed to monitor solar UV-B radiation and deliver output of a bank of fluorescent sunlamps. his system utiliz...
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MODELING AEROSOL FORMATION FROM ALPHA-PINENE + NOX IN THE PRESENCE OF NATURAL SUNLIGHT USING GAS PHASE KINETICS AND GAS-PARTICLE PARTITIONING THEORY. (R826771) |
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A kinetic mechanism was used to link and model the gas-phase reactions and
aerosol accumulation resulting from ![]()
src="/ncer/pubs/images/alpha.gif">-pinene re...
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MODELING AND DIRECT SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF BIOGENIC EMISSIONS IMPACTS ON REGIONAL OZONE FORMATION IN THE MEXICO-U.S. BORDER AREA. (R826372) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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MODELING ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF NITROGEN OXIDES EMISSION REDUCTIONS ON OZONE AIR QUALITY IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES: OFFSETTING INCREASES IN ENERGY USE |
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The objective of this study is to examine changes in ambient ozone concentrations estimated by a photochemical air quality model in response to the NOx emission
reductions impose...
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MODELING CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM OOCYST INACTIVATION AND BROMATE IN A FLOW-THROUGH OZONE CONTACTOR TREATING NATURAL WATER |
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A reactive transport model was developed to simultaneously predict Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst inactivation and bromate formation during ozonation of natural water. A mech...
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MODELING OF AUTO EXHAUST SMOG CHAMBER DATA FOR EKMA DEVELOPMENT |
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A new generalized mechanism for photochemical smog has been developed. The mechanism is suitable for use in the Empirical Kinetics Modeling Approach (EKMA) to estimate the control ...
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MODELING OF SIMULATED PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG WITH KINETIC MECHANISMS. VOLUME 1. FINAL REPORT |
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Mechanisms that describe the formation of photochemical smog are developed using a computer modeling technique directed toward the simulation of data collected in two smog chambers...
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MODELING OF SIMULATED PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG WITH KINETIC MECHANISMS. VOLUME 1. INTERIM REPORT |
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Computer modeling of smog chamber data is discussed in three parts. First, a series of detailed chemical mechanisms were developed to describe the photochemical formation of ozone ...
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MODELING OF SIMULATED PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG WITH KINETIC MECHANISMS. VOLUME 2. INTERIM REPORT APPENDIX |
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Computer modeling of smog chamber data is discussed in three parts. First, a series of detailed chemical mechanisms were developed to describe the photochemical formation of ozone ...
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MODELING OZONE ABSORPTION IN THE LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT |
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A dosimetry simulation model has been developed for predicting the local absorption of ozone (03) in the lower respiratory tract (LRT) of animals and man. The model takes into acco...
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MODELING THE EFFECT OF CHLORINE EMISSIONS ON ATMOSPHERIC OZONE AND SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL CONCENTRATIONS ACROSS THE UNITED STATES |
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This paper presents the modeled effects of natural and anthropogenic chlorine emissions on the atmospheric concentrations of ozone and secondary organic aerosol across the United S...
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MODELING THE EFFECT OF CHLORINE EMISSIONS ON OZONE LEVELS OVER THE EASTERN UNITED STATES |
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This paper presents model estimates of the effect of chlorine emissions on atmospheric ozone concentrations in the eastern United States....
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MODELING THE EFFECTS OF METEOROLOGY ON OZONE IN HOUSTON USING CLUSTER ANALYSIS AND GENERALIZED ADDITIVE MODELS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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MODELING THE FORMATION OF SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL (SOA). 2. THE PREDICTED EFFECTS OF RELATIVE HUMIDITY ON AEROSOL FORMATION IN THE ALPHA-PINENE-, BETA-PINENE-, SABINENE-, DELTA3-CARENE-, AND CYCLOHEXENE-OZONE SYSTEMS. (R826371C003) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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MODELING THE FORMATION OF SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL. 1. APPLICATION OF THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES TO MEASUREMENTS OBTAINED IN THE ALPHA-PINENE/, BETA-PINENE/, SABINENE/, DELTA3-CARENE/, AND CYCLOHEXENE/OZONE SYSTEMS. (R826371C003) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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MODELING THE IMPACT OF OZONE X DROUGHT INTERACTIONS ON REGIONAL CROP YIELDS (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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The influence of soil moisture stress on crop sensitivity to O3 was evaluated for corn, cotton, soybean, and wheat grown in the United States by using yield forecasting models to e...
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MODELING THE KINETICS OF OZONE REACTIONS WITH NOM IN HURON RIVER WATER. (R826829) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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MODELS-3 INSTALLATION PROCEDURES FOR A PC WITH AN NT OPERATING SYSTEM (MODELS-3 VERSION 4.0) |
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Models-3 is a flexible software system designed to simplify the development and use of air quality models and other environmental decision support tools. It is designed for appl...
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MODELS-3 INSTALLATION PROCEDURES FOR A PERSONAL COMPUTER WITH A NT OPERATING SYSTEM (MODELS-3 VERSION 4.1) |
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Models-3 is a flexible system designed to simplify the development and use of air quality models and other environmental decision support tools. It is designed for applications ...
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MODELS-3 INSTALLATION PROCEDURES FOR A SUN WORKSTATION WITH A UNIX-BASED OPERATING SYSTEM (MODELS-3 VERSION 4.1) |
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Models-3 is a flexible system designed to simplify the development and use of air quality models and other environmental decision support tools. It is designed for applications ...
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MODULATED LAMP SYSTEM FOR SOLAR-UV-B(280-320NM) SUPPLEMENTATION STUDIES IN THE FIELD |
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Precise control and modulation of fluorescent sunlamps are necessary for ecologically valid simulation of solar UV-B (280-320 nm) radiation enhancement which would correspond to oz...
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MODULATING EMISSIONS FROM ELECTRIC GENERATING UNITS AS A FUNCTION OF METEOROLOGICAL VARIABLES |
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Electric Generating Units (EGUs) are an important source of emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), which react with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the presence of sunlight to fo...
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MODULATION OF HUMAN ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE PROPERTIES BY OZONE EXPOSURE IN VITRO |
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We have investigated changes in human alveolar macrophage (HAM) function after exposure in vitro to ozone (O3) (0.1-1.0 ppm for 2-4 hours). he functions studied reflect concern tha...
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MONITORING, ASSESSMENT, AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY |
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This overview chapter examines the roles that environmental monitoring and assessment can play in the development of environmental policy. It takes a case study approach, focusin...
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MORPHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO OZONE AND SULFURIC ACID AEROSOL ON THE RAT LUNG |
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The purpose of this study was to determine the pulmonary effects of a combination of ozone (0.5 ppm) and sulfuric acid aerosol (1 mg/cu. m.) and to assess the possibility of intera...
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MORPHOMETRIC STUDIES OF THE EFFECTS OF OZONE ON RODENT LUNGS |
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The degree of lung injury caused by prolonged inhalation of low levels of ozone is relevant because a number of urban environments periodically reach levels of 0.2 - 0.3 ppm ozone....
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MOTOR VEHICLES AS SOURCES OF COMPOUNDS IMPORTANT TO TROPOSPHERIC AND STRATOSPHERIC OZONE |
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One of the most rapidly growing human activities in the U.S. of importance to atmospheric ozone is the use of highway motor vehicles. Transportation sources are estimated to have b...
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MOUSE STRAIN DIFFERENCES IN OZONE DOSIMETRY AND BODY TEMPERATURE CHANGES |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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MOVING PLANT TOXICOLOGY FROM THE GREENHOUSE TO THE FIELD: A METHOD THAT INCORPORATES THE POSITIVE ATTRIBUTES OF EACH |
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Open top chambers (OTC) have been used to study effects of air pollutants on plants for over 25 years. Many of those studies have used potted plants, producing environmental and e...
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MTBE OXIDATION BYPRODUCTS FROM THE TREATMENT OF SURFACE WATERS BY OZONATION AND UV-OZONATION |
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In recent years, there has been considerable concern over the release of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), as gasoline additive, into the aquifers used as potable water sour...
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MUCOCILIARY CLEARANCE OF INHALED PARTICLES MEASURED AT TWO HOURS FOLLOWING OZONE EXPOSURE IN HUMANS |
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Mucociliary transport has been shown to increase during ozone exposure. his increase may have been due to a number of factors such as stimulation of muscarinic receptors, induction...
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MUCUS GLYCOPROTEIN SECRETION BY TRACHEAL EXPLANTS: EFFECTS OF POLLUTANTS |
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Tracheal slices incubated with radioactive precursors in tissue culture medium. The authors have used anin vitro approach, a combined method utilizing exposure to pneumotoxins in v...
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MULTIPLE PROJECTS SYSTEM (MPS) VERSION 2.0 - USER'S MANUAL |
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The document is a user's manual for Multiple Projections System (MPS) Version 2.0, based on the 3% reasonable further progress (RFP) tracking system that was developed in FY92/FY93...
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MULTISCALE AIR QUALITY SIMULATION PLATFORM (MAQSIP): INITIAL APPLICATIONS AND PERFORMANCE FOR TROPOSPHERIC OZONE AND PARTICULATE MATTER |
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This manuscript provides an overview of the formulation, process considerations, and performance for simulating tropospheric ozone and particulate matter distributions of the Multi...
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MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL MODELS FOR EFFECTS OF PM AND COPOLLUTANTS IN A DAILY TIME SERIES EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDY |
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Most analyses of daily time series epidemiology data relate mortality or morbidity counts to PM and other air pollutants by means of single-outcome regression models using multiple...
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MUTAGENIC ACTIVITY OF IRRADIATED C2H4/NOX MIXTURES IN THE PRESENCE OF DIETHYLHYDROXYLAMINE |
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Ethylene/oxides of nitrogen mixtures were irradiated in the absence and presence of diethylhydroxylamine. As previously reported, the presence of diethylhydroxylamine inhibited the...
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MUTAGENIC ACTIVITY OF IRRADIATED TOLUENE/NOX/H2O/AIR MIXTURES |
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Irradiated mixtures of toluene/NOx/H2O/air were brought to a steady-state distribution of reactants and products in a 22.7 cu. m. flow-mode smog chamber, and the effluent was teste...
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MUTAGENIC ACTIVITY OF THE PRODUCTS OF OZONE REACTION WITH PROPYLENE IN THE PRESENCE AND ABSENCE OF NITROGEN DIOXIDE |
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In a 22.7 cu.m. flow mode smog chamber, 5.4 ppm proylene was allowed to react with 0.9 ppm ozone either in the presence or absence of 0.2 ppm nitrogen dioxide. The steady-state rea...
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MUTAGENIC ACTIVITY OF THE PRODUCTS OF PROPYLENE PHOTOOXIDATION |
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The reactants and products in irradiated propylene/NOx mixtures were brought to a steady-state distribution in a Teflon smog chamber operated in a dynamic mode. The effluent from t...
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MUTAGENICITY IN LUNG OF BIG BLUE ((R) MICE AND INDUCTION OF TANDEM-BASE SUBSTITUTIONS IN SALMONELLA BY THE AIR POLLUTANT PEROXYACETYL NITRATE (PAN): PREDICTED FORMATION OF INTRASTRAND CROSS-LINKS |
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Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is a ubiquitous air pollutant formed from N02 reacting with acetoxy radicals generated from ambient aldehydes in the presence of sunlight and ozone. It ...
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MUTAGENICITY OF DRINKING WATER FOLLOWING DISINFECTION |
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Many drinking water utilities in the USA are considering alternatives to chlorine for disinfection in order to comply with federal regulations regarding disinfection by-products. n...
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MUTAGENICITY OF DRINKING WATER FOLLOWING DISINFECTION |
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Many drinking water utilities in the USA are considering alternatives to chlorine for disinfection in order to comply with federal regulations regarding disinfection by-products. A...
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MUTATIONS IN THE VHL GENE FRIOM POTASSIUM BROMATE-INDUCED RAT CLEAR CELL RENAL TUMORS |
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Potassium bromate (KBrO3) is a rat renal carcinogen and a major drinking water disinfection by-product in water disinfected with ozone. Clear cell renal tumors, the most common fo...
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Managing Multimedia Pollution for a Multimedia World |
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Through modest attention to the information highway we ride upon each day, we are increasingly aware of the intent, actions, and reactions of local, state and Federal governments, ...
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Modeling Analyses of the Effects of Changes in Nitrogen Oxides Emission from the Electric Power Sector on Ozone Levels in the Eastern United States |
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This modeling study tests a hypothetical scenario to see what air quality might have looked like if no emission controls had been placed on electric generating units, as required b...
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NARSTO EMISSION INVENTORY ASSESSMENT |
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The NARSTO Emission Inventory Committee has been pursuing enhancement of the emission inventory program for North American countries--Canada, Mexico, and the United States. With t...
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NARSTO EMISSION INVENTORY ASSESSMENT |
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The NARSTO Ozone and Particulate Matter Assessments emphasized that emission inventories are critical to the success of air quality management programs and that emissions inventori...
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NASA LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER AND THE TIDEWATER INTERAGENCY POLLUTION PREVENTION PROGRAM |
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)'s Langley Research Center (LaRC) is an 807-acre research center devoted to aeronautics and space research. aRC has initiated a ...
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NASAL EFFECTS OF A MIXTURE OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AND THEIR OZONE OXIDATION PRODUCTS. |
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"Nonspecific-building related illness (NSBRI)," or "sick building syndrome," refers to symptomatic complaints associated with occupancy of non-industrial buildings. The diverse sym...
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NASAL LAVAGE AS A TOOL IN ASSESSING ACUTE INFLAMMATION IN RESPONSE TO INHALED POLLUTANTS |
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In this study, we have examined the effect of an acute (2 hour) exposure of ozone at 0.4 ppm on the inflammatory response in the upper airways of 10 normal volunteers and compared ...
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NASAL RESPONSES IN ASTHMATIC AND NONASTHMATIC SUBJECTS FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES |
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Asthma rates have been increasing world-wide, and exposure to diesel exhaust particles may be implicated in this increase. Additionally DEP may also play a role in the increased mo...
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NASAL RESPONSES OF ASTHMATIC AND NON-ASTHMATIC VOLUNTEERS TO DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES |
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Asthma rates have been increasing world-wide, and exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) may be implicated in this increase. Additionally DEP may also play a role in the increa...
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NASOPHARYNGEAL UPTAKE OF OZONE IN HUMANS AND ANIMALS |
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In the paper, the experimental data on Nasopharyngeal uptake of ozone in several animal species will be reviewed in the context of the model of Aharonsen et al (1974). Allometric e...
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NATIONAL AIR POLLUTION BACKGROUND NETWORK 1976-1984: FINAL PROJECT REPORT |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, in cooperation with the U.S. Forest Service, operated a network of ozone monitoring stations from 1976 through 1983 in selected National F...
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NATIONAL AND REGIONAL TRENDS IN VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS FROM 1900 TO 1987 |
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The paper gives estimates of historic emissions of VOC and NOx for each state of the contiguous U.S. The emissions were estimated for anthropogenic source categories which included...
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NATIONAL CROP LOSS ASSESSMENT NETWORK (NCLAN) 1981 ANNUAL REPORT |
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The National Crop Loss Assessment Network (NCLAN) consists of a group of cooperating organizations engaged in field work, crop modeling, and economic studies to assess the immediat...
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NATIONAL CROP LOSS ASSESSMENT NETWORK (NCLAN) 1982 ANNUAL REPORT |
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The National Crop Loss Assessment Network (NCLAN) is a group of organizations cooperating in research to assess the short- and long-term economic impact of air pollution on crop pr...
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NATIONAL CROP LOSS ASSESSMENT NETWORK (NCLAN) 1983 ANNUAL REPORT |
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The National Crop Loss Assessment Network (NCLAN) consists of a group of organizations cooperating in field work, crop modeling, and economic studies to assess the immediate and lo...
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NATIONAL CROP LOSS ASSESSMENT NETWORK (NCLAN) 1985 ANNUAL REPORT |
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The National Crop Loss Assessment Network (NCLAN) consists of a group of organizations cooperating in field work, crop modeling, and economic studies to assess the immediate and lo...
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NATIONAL CROP LOSS ASSESSMENT NETWORK (NCLAN), 1980 |
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U.S. field crop production is valued at more than $50 billion annually. Crops are known to be sensitive to air pollution stress. Even a small percentage reduction in crop yield due...
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NATIONAL DRY DEPOSITION NETWORK SECOND ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT (1988) |
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Progress in the National Dry Deposition Network during calendar year 1988 is presented. The network configuration and operating procedures for the field, laboratory, and data manag...
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NATIONAL PERFORMANCE AUDIT PROGRAM AMBIENT AIR AUDITS OF ANALYTICAL PROFEICIENCY--1988 |
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This report presents the results of the U.S Environmental Protection Agencys 1988 National Ambient Air Performance Audit Program, Semiannual audits were conducted for lead, nitrate...
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NATIONAL PROGRAM (NCLAN) TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF OZONE ON AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES |
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The information presented in this paper supports the thesis that O3 has a major impact on crop production in North America. ssessment methodologies were developed along with result...
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NATIONAL- AND STATE-LEVEL EMISSIONS ESTIMATES OF RADIATIVELY IMPORTANT TRACE GASES (RITGS) FROM ANTHROPOGENIC SOURCES |
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The report documents the development of national- and state- level emissions estimates of radiatively important trace gases (RlTGs). Emissions estimates are presented for the princ...
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NATIONAL- AND STATE-LEVEL EMISSIONS ESTIMATES OF RADIATIVELY IMPORTANT TRACE GASES (RITGS) FROM ANTHROPOGENIC SOURCES |
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The report documents the development of national- and state- level emissions estimates of radiatively important trace gases (RlTGs). Emissions estimates are presented for the princ...
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NATURAL EMISSIONS OF OXIDANT PRECURSORS |
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This paper provides an overview of the sources, the estimation methodology, and the relative amounts of natural hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxide emissions. he most recent estimate of...
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NATURAL VOLATILE ORGANIC SUBSTANCES AND THEIR EFFECT ON AIR QUALITY IN THE UNITED STATES (REVIEW) |
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Large quantities of volatile organic substances are emitted from mobile and stationary sources in the United States. When the US, east of 105 west longitude is divided into 80 by 8...
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NESTED GRID MODELING APPROACH FOR ASSESSING URBAN OZONE AIR QUALITY |
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This paper describes an effort to interface the modeled concentrations and other outputs of the Regional Oxidant Model (ROM) as an alternative set of input files to apply in Urban ...
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NETWORK DESIGN FOR OZONE MONITORING |
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The potential effects of air pollution on human health have received much attention in recent years. In the U.S. and other countries, there are extensive large-scale monitoring net...
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NEUTROPHILS ENHANCE CLEARANCE OF NECROTIC EPITHELIAL CELLS IN OZONE-INDUCED LUNG INJURY IN RHESUS MONKEYS. (R826246) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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NEW APPLICATION OF PASSIVE SAMPLING DEVICES FOR ASSESSMENT OF RESPIRATORY EXPOSURE TO PESTICIDES IN INDOOR AIR |
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The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has long maintained an interest in potential applications of passive sampling devices (PSDs) for estimating the concentrat...
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NEW APPROACH FOR DEMONSTRATING ATTAINMENT OF THE AMBIENT OZONE STANDARD - MODELING, ANALYSIS, AND MONITORING CONSIDERATIONS |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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NEW CHEMICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR OZONE-DEPLETING SUBSTANCES: HFC-236EA |
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The report gives results of a preliminary evaluation of a new hydrofluorocarbon (HFC-236ea or 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3-hexafluoropropane) as a possible alternative for chlorofluorocarbon (...
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NEW CHEMICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR OZONE-DEPLETING SUBSTANCES: HFC-236FA |
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The report gives results of a preliminary evaluation of a new hydrofluorocarbon (HFC)--HFC-236fa or 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane--as a possible alternative for chlorofluorocarbon ...
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NEW CHEMICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR OZONE-DEPLETING SUBSTANCES: HFC-245CA |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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NEW CHEMICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR OZONE-DEPLETING SUBSTANCES: HFC-245CA |
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The report gives results of a preliminary evaluation of a new hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) -- HFC-245ca or 1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane -- as a possible alternative for chlorofluorocarb...
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NEW CHEMICAL ALTERNATIVES FOR THE PROTECTION OF STRATOSPHERIC OZONE |
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The report gives results of a study that focused on the investigation of fluorinated derivatives of propane and butane to determine if synthesis routes of such compounds were feasi...
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NEW CHEMICAL ALTERNATIVES TO CHLOROFLOUROCARBONS AND HALONS |
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The paper describes a determination of the basic properties of laboratory quantities of potential alternative compounds which may be used to replace chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and ...
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NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN EMISSION PROJECTION METHODOLOGIES |
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The paper describes the scope of an EPA research program to develop the Economic Growth Analysis System (EGAS) that will be operated to provide economic inputs for EPA's Regional O...
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NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN THE COMMUNITY MULTISCALE AIR QUALITY (CMAQ) MODEL |
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CMAQ model research and development is currently following two tracks at the Atmospheric Modeling Division of the USEPA. Public releases of the community model system for research...
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NEW DIRECTIONS: VOCS AND BIOSPHERE-ATMOSPHERE FEEDBACKS |
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Shallcross and Monks [New Directions: a Role For Isoprene in Biosphere-Climate-Chemistry Feedbacks, Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 34 (2000) pp. 1659-1660] recently summarized the...
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NHEERL RESEARCH ON CARCINOGENIC CONTAMINANTS IN DRINKING WATER |
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Water research in the Environmental Carcinogenesis Division focuses on improved understanding of the mechanisms of mutagenesis and carcinogenesis of water contaminants for incorpor...
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NITRIFICATION AND ARSENIC REMOVAL IN BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE FILTERS: A CASE STUDY |
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Arsenic removal from drinking water is under investigation due to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s new maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 0.010 mg As/L (was 0.050 mg/L) ...
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NITROGEN DIOXIDE PHOTOLYTIC, RADIOMETRIC, AND METEOROLOGICAL FIELD DATA |
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Photolysis of nitrogen dioxide is a major reaction resulting in the formation of ozone in the troposphere. The rate constant, k1, for the photodissociation of NO2 is, under ambient...
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NITROGEN OXIDES REACTIONS WITHIN URBAN PLUMES TRANSPORTED OVER THE OCEAN |
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The report describes an airborne measurements program in the downwind urban plume of Boston. The variables measured included ozone, nitric oxide, oxides of nitrogen, nitric acid, p...
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NITROUS OXIDE BEHAVIOR IN THE ATMOSPHERE, AND IN COMBUSTION AND INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS |
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The paper discusses the behavior of nitrous oxide (N20) in both the atmosphere and combustion and industrial systems. ropospheric measurements show that N20 concentrations are incr...
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NON-LOCAL CLOSURE MODEL FOR VERTICAL MIXING IN THE CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY LAYER |
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A simple non-local closure model for vertical mixing in Convective Boundary Layers (CBL) has been developed specifically for application in regional or meso-scale atmospheric chemi...
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NON-METHANE ORGANIC COMPOSITION IN THE LINCOLN TUNNEL |
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Recent 1982 measurements of the nonmethane organic compound (NMOC) are reported for the Lincoln Tunnel. The NMOC levels in the tunnel were a factor of approximately 4 lower than 19...
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NONLINEAR-APPROXIMATION TECHNIQUE FOR DETERMINING VERTICAL OZONE-CONCENTRATION PROFILES WITH A DIFFERENTIAL-ABSORPTION LIDAR |
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A new technique is presented for the retrieval of ozone concentration profiles from backscattered signals obtained by a multi-wavelength differential-absorption lidar (DIAL). The t...
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NONLINEARITIES IN THE SULFATE SECONDARY FINE PARTICULATE RESPONSE TO NOX EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS AS MODELED BY THE REGIONAL ACID DEPOSITION MODEL |
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Attention is increasingly being devoted to the health effects of fine particulates. In regions that have a large production of sulfate, sulfuric acid and nitric acid compete for...
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NONMETHANE ORGANIC CARBON CONCENTRATIONS IN AIR MASSES ADVECTED INTO URBAN AREAS IN THE UNITED STATES |
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The report describes recent aircraft sampling programs to measure nonmethane organic carbon (NMOC) levels aloft in the upwind vicinity of several U.S. cities during the morning per...
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NONVOLATILE ORGANICS IN DISINFECTED WASTEWATER EFFLUENTS: CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND MUTAGENICITY |
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Principal objectives of this research program were to examine the effects of disinfection by chlorine, ozone, and ultraviolet light irradiation on nonvolatile organic constituents ...
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NOVEL EMBEDDED CERAMIC ELECTRODE SYSTEM TO ACTIVATE NANOSTRUCTURED TITANIUM DIOXIDE FOR DEGRADATION OF MTBE |
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A novel reactor combining a flame-deposited nanostructured titanium dioxide film and a set of embedded ceramic electrodes was designed, developed and tested for degradation of meth...
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NOVEL INSIGHTS INTO THE MECHANISM OF SUBCHRONIC AIR POLLUTANT-INDUCED CARDIOVASCULAR IMPAIRMENT |
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The mechanisms by which air pollutants induce cardiovascular mortality are unknown. We hypothesized that blood vessels are the target of injury by circulating oxidation by-products...
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NOVEL INSIGHTS INTO THE TOXIOCOLOGY OF LUNG OXIDATIVE STRESS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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NOX CONTROL TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS UNDER THE UNITED STATES 1990 CLEAN AIR ACT AMENDMENTS COMPARED TO THOSE IN SELECTED PACIFIC RIM COUNTRIES |
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The paper compares nitrogen oxide (NOx) control technology requirements under the U.S. 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAAS) with those in selected Pacific Rim countries. he CAAAs ...
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NOX EMISSION CONTROL OPTIONS FOR COAL-FIRED ELECTRIC UTILITY BOILERS |
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The paper reviews NOx control options for coal-fired electric utility boilers. (NOTE: Acid Rain NOx regulations, the Ozone Transport Commission's NOx Budget Program, revision of th...
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NOXIOUS TRACE GASES IN THE AIR. PART I. PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG |
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An outline of the photochemical smog problem is presented, with emphasis on the chemical reactions taking place in the polluted air. The chemistry is discussed in terms of (1) the ...
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NOXIOUS TRACE GASES IN THE AIR. PART II. HALOGENATED POLLUTANTS |
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The chemistry of chlorofluorocarbons and other halogenated air pollutants is discussed. A summary is presented of the present levels of concentration of such compounds, along with ...
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NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF BOUNDARY-LAYER EVOLUTION ON THE PREDICTIONS OF OZONE AND THE EFFICACY OF EMISSION CONTROL OPTIONS IN THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES. (R826373) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF PHOTOCHEMICAL AIR POLLUTION IN THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES: ROM1 (REGIONAL OXIDENT MODEL) APPLICATIONS |
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The first-generation Regional Oxidant Model (ROM1) was used to simulate pollutant concentrations during the nine-day period 23-31 July 1980. The one-hour and daily daylight (0900-1...
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NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY ALTERS BELOWGROUND RESPIRATION OF OZONE-EXPOSED PONDEROSA PINE |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY ALTERS BELOWGROUND RESPIRATION OF OZONE-EXPOSED PONDEROSE PINE |
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Exposure to ozone (0-3) and changes in soil fertility influence both the metabolism of plant roots and their interaction with rhizosphere organisms. Because one indication of alter...
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O3-ENHANCED PULMONARY INFECTION WITH STREPTOCOCCUS ZOOEPIDEMICUS IN MICE: THE ROLE OF ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE FUNCTION AND CAPSULAR VIRULENCE FACTORS |
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Ozone exposure has been shown to increase the susceptibility of mice to pulmonary bacterial infection. n this paper we report differences in susceptibility of two strains of mice (...
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OBJECTIVE CLASSIFICATION SCHEME DESIGNED TO ELUCIDATE OZONE'S DEPENDENCE ON METEOROLOGY |
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This paper utilizes a two-stage (average linkage then convergent k-means) clustering approach as part of an objective meteorological classification scheme designed to elucidate ozo...
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OBJECTIVE METEOROLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION SCHEME DESIGNED TO ELUCIDATE OZONE'S DEPENDENCE ON METEOROLOGY |
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This paper utilizes a two-stage clustering approach as part of an objective classification scheme designed to elucidate 03's dependence on meteorology. hen applied to ten years (19...
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OBSERVATION-BASED ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF NITROGEN OXIDES EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS ON OZONE AIR QUALITY OVER THE EASTERN UNITED STATES |
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Ozone is produced by chemical interactions involving nitrogen oxides (NOx) and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the presence of sunlight. At high concentrations, gr...
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OCCURRENCE OF A NEW GENERATION OF DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS |
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A survey of disinfection by-product (DBP) occurrence in the United States was conducted at 12 drinking water treatment plants. In addition to currently regulated DBPs, more than 5...
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OCCURRENCE, GENOTOXICITY, AND CARCINOGENICITY OF EMERGING DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS IN DRINKING WATER: A REVIEW AND ROADMAP FOR RESEARCH |
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Occurrence, Genotoxicity, and Carcinogenicity of Emerging Disinfection By-products in Drinking Water: A Review and Roadmap for Research
Summary of Paper
What is study?...
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OCCURRENCE, GENOTOXICITY, AND CARCINOGENICITY OF EMERGING DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS IN DRINKING WATER: A REVIEW AND ROADMAP FOR RESEARCH |
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Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are formed when disinfectants (chlorine, ozone, chlorine dioxide, or chloramines) react with naturally occurring organic matter, anthropogenic conta...
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OCULAR AND DERMATOLOGIC HEALTH EFFECTS OF ULTRAVIOLET EXPOSURE FROM THE OZONE HOLE OVER SOUTHERN CHILE: A PILOT PROJECT |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please contact the Technical Information Staff at the number listed below....
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OH RADICAL FORMATION FROM THE GAS-PHASE REACTION OF OZONE WITH TERMINAL ALKENES, AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRUCTURE AND MECHANISM. (R826236) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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OH REACTION KINETICS OF GAS-PHASE A- AND G-HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE AND HEXACHLOROBENZENE. (R825377) |
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Rate constants for the gas-phase reactions of the hydroxyl
radical (OH) with  - and  |
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OHIO RIVER VALLEY STUDY. SITES, METHODS, DATA SUMMARY FOR 1980. VOLUME 2. APPENDICES |
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The Ohio River Valley Study was initiated to gather air quality data at sites representative of regional conditions in an area where current coal usage and projected increases are ...
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ON THE FEASIBILITY OF USING SATELLITE DERIVED DATA TO INFER BOUNDARY-LAYER OZONE CONCENTRATION PATTERNS |
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Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to six years (1985-1990) of surface data obtained from EPA's Aerometric Information and Retrieval System (AIRS) and satellite ozone d...
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ON THE INTERCOMPARISON OF TWO REGIONAL PHOTOCHEMICAL MODELS |
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Over the past decade, there have been several efforts to develop comprehensive models that describe the transport, transformation and deposition of trace constituents in the atmosp...
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ON THE USE OF AUTOMATIC DIFFERENTIATION FOR SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS IN EMISSION CONTROL |
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Knowledge of the complex chemical interactions characterizing the photochemistry of tropospheric ozone production has significantly increased in the past but there exists no clear ...
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ONE-ATMOSPHERE DYNAMICS DESCRIPTION IN THE MODELS-3 COMMUNITY MULTI-SCALE QUALITY (CMAQ) MODELING SYSTEM |
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This paper proposes a general procedure to link meteorological data with air quality models, such as U.S. EPA's Models-3 Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system....
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OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF SELECTED OZONE AND ULTRAVIOLET DISINFECTION SYSTEMS |
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As part of the EPA's efforts to compile and promulgate design and operational information concerning the use of ozone disinfection of UV light disinfection in place of chlorine dis...
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OPERATIONAL AND DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION OF THE OZONE FORECASTS BY THE ETA-CMAQ MODEL SUITE DURING THE 2002 NEW ENGLAND AIR QUALITY STUDY (NEAQS) |
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Ozone (O3), a secondary pollutant, is created in part by emissions from anthropogenic and biogenic sources. It is necessary for local air quality agencies to accurately ...
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OPTIMIZING AN AIR QUALITY MODEL'S ALGORITHMS FOR THE CRAY Y-MP AND THE MASPAR MP-1 |
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The Regional Oxidant Model (ROM) has been developed and enhanced over the past decade by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in response to the need for an appropriate s...
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OPTIONS FOR REDUCING REFRIGERANT EMISSIONS FROM SUPERMARKET SYSTEMS |
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The report was prepared to assist personnel responsible for the design, construction, and maintenance of retail food refrigeration equipment in making knowledgeable decisions regar...
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ORGANIC CARBON REMOVAL BY ADVANCED WASTE WATER TREATMENT PROCESSES |
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Fourteen physical-chemical processes singularly or in combination were evaluated for their ability to remove dissolved organic carbon in the effluent of a wastewater reclamation fa...
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ORGANIC CONTAMINANT CONTROL: PILOT SCALE STUDIES AT JEFFERSON PARISH, LOUISIANA |
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Disinfection of drinking water in the United States is accomplished by four major disinfectants: chlorine, monochloramine, chlorine dioxide, and ozone. These four disinfectants wer...
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ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM PILOT-SCALE INCINERATION OF CFCS |
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The paper gives results of the characterization of organic emissions resulting from the pilot-scale incineration of trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11) and dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC...
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OVERVIEW AND STATUS OF THE PM SUPERSITES PROGRAM |
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The PM Supersites program was first conceived as a set of special studies extending beyond the national regulatory networks for particulate matter (PM) to elucidate source-recept...
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OVERVIEW OF CONTROLS FOR CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS |
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The paper gives an overview of controls for chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Responding to concerns regarding the potential for stratospheric ozone depletion, the U.S. has joined other ...
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OVERVIEW OF THE CLIMATE IMPACT ON REGIONAL AIR QUALITY (CIRAQ) PROJECT |
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The Climate Impacts on Regional Air Quality (CIRAQ) project will develop model-estimated impacts of global climate changes on ozone and particulate matter (PM) in direct support of...
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OVERVIEW OF THE NASHVILLE ON-ROAD VEHICLE ASSESSMENT (NOVA) PROGRAM |
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The paper gives results of a July 1994 mobile emissions study, in Nashville, Tennessee, using an optical remote sensing unit and an instrumented vehicle. mission; data were collect...
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OVERVIEW OF THE NORTH AMERICAN RESEARCH STRATEGY FOR TROPOSPHERIC OZONE |
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Tropospheric ozone (O3) and related products of photochemical smog, have been the subject of repeated control attempts for nearly 30 years in portions of North America. hese trace ...
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OVERVIEW OF THE OZARK ISOPRENE EXPERIMENT (OZIE) |
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Ozone modeling studies, such as those performed for the Ozone Transport Advisory Group (OTAG), have raised concerns about extremely high isoprene concentrations (. 50ppbv) that h...
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OVERVIEW OF THE TAMPA ASTHMATIC CHILDREN'S STUDY |
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Asthma is the most common serious chronic disease of childhood and there has been an increase of about 50% in the prevalence of childhood asthma over the last 30 years. Ozone, p...
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OVERVIEW OF THE TECHNICAL IMPLICATIONS OF METHANOL AND ETHANOL AS HIGHWAY MOTOR VEHICLE FUELS |
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The characteristics of methanol and ethanol as highway motor vehicle fuels are contrasted with those of conventional gasolines and diesel fuels. he implications of the physical and...
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OXIDANT AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS ON A WESTERN CONIFEROUS FOREST ECOSYSTEM |
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From 1973 to 1978, an interdisciplinary study of the pine and mixed conifer forests of the San Bernardino Mountains of southern California measured the effects of 30 years' exposur...
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OXIDANT FORMATION IN THE GENERATION OF OZONE |
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Ozone samples generated by UV photolysis and silent electric discharge upon air or oxygen were examined to determine if other oxidants were formed. Chemical and physical methods (I...
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OXIDANT-PRECURSOR RELATIONSHIPS |
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New methods of ambient air analysis were used to define more clearly the relationships between oxidants and their precursors. Non-methane hydrocarbons, NOx, O2, and oxidants were m...
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OXIDANT-PRECURSOR RELATIONSHIPS DURING POLLUTANT TRANSPORT CONDITIONS. AN OUTDOOR SMOG CHAMBER STUDY |
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The formation of ozone under simulated conditions of pollutant transport was studied in a group of four 27-cubic-meter outdoor smog chambers. The chambers were constructed of 5 mil...
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OXIDANT-PRECURSOR RELATIONSHIPS UNDER POLLUTANT TRANSPORT CONDITIONS. OUTDOOR SMOG CHAMBER STUDY. VOLUME I |
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Multiple-day experiments were conducted in outdoor smog chambers to investigate the influence of simulated transport on ozone generation by various combinations of a surrogate urba...
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OXIDANT-PRECURSOR RELATIONSHIPS UNDER POLLUTANT TRANSPORT CONDITIONS. OUTDOOR SMOG CHAMBER STUDY. VOLUME II. APPENDIXES |
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Multiple-day experiments were conducted in outdoor smog chambers to investigate the influence of simulated transport on ozone generation by various combinations of a surrogate urba...
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OXIDATION OF METHANOL USING OZONE ON TITANIA-SUPPORTED VANADIUM CATALYST |
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Catalytic ozone decomposition of methanol has been conducted at mild temperatures of 100 to 250°C using V2O5/TiO2 catalyst prepared by either sol-gel or wet impregnation methods. T...
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OXIDATION OF NITROGEN: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MEASUREMENTS AND PREDICTIONS FROM THE REGIONAL ACID DEPOSITION MODEL AND WHETHER GRID SIZE CAN EXPLAIN THEM |
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The photochemical process responsible for ozone formation is the oxidation of nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2), referred to as NOx, in the presence of nonmethane hydrocarbons. n the pr...
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OXIDATION OF WATER SUPPLY REFRACTORY SPECIES BY OZONE WITH ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION |
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The use of ozone with ultraviolet radiation was studied as an advanced treatment process for the removal of micropollutants and trihalomethane precursors from drinking water. The m...
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OXYGENATED ORGANIC COMPOUND CONCENTRATIONS NEAR A ROADWAY IN LITHUANIA, SSR |
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During the period June 1 to June 9, 1989, aldehyde and other oxygenated organic compound concentrations were examined at sites 3, 10, and 80 meters northeast of the Vilnius-Kaunas ...
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OZIPM-3 (OZONE ISOPLETH PLOTTING WITH OPTIONAL MECHANISMS, VERSION 3) SOURCE CODE |
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A software package has been developed to enable a user to estimate EKMA control strategies using a new Carbon Bond Mechanism known as the CBM-X. The program is called Ozone Isoplet...
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OZONATION AND BIOLOGICAL STABILITY OF WATER IN AN OPERATING WATER TREATMENT PLANT |
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Ozonation of drinking water may adversely affect the biological stability of the inished water. his study was designed assess the effect of ozone as a preoxidant on the nutrient st...
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OZONATION BYPRODUCTS: IDENTIFICATION OF BROMOHYDRINS FROM THE OZONATION OF NATURAL WATERS WITH ENHANCED BROMIDE LEVELS |
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When ozone is used in the treatment of drinking water, it reacts with both inorganic and organic compounds to form byproducts. f bromide is present, it may be oxidized to hydrobrom...
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OZONATION/POST CHLORINATION OF HUMIC ACID: A MODEL FOR PREDICTING DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS |
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This paper discusses results of experiments performed in our laboratory to evaluate disinfection by-products in model humic acid solutions which were ozonated on a C:03 weight basi...
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OZONATION/POST-CHLORINATION OF HUMIC ACID: A MODEL FOR PREDICTING DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS |
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Experiments were performed to evaluate disinfection by-products in model humic acid solutions which were ozonated at three different ozone to carbon levels and then chlorinated. he...
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OZONE ADAPTATION IN MICE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH ASCORBIC ACID IN THE LUNG |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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OZONE AIR QUALITY MODEL DEVELOPMENT IN THE U.S. |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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OZONE AIR QUALITY OVER NORTH AMERICA: PART I--A REVIEW OF REPORTED TRENDS. (R825260) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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OZONE AIR QUALITY OVER NORTH AMERICA: PART II--AN ANALYSIS OF TREND DETECTION AND ATTRIBUTION TECHNIQUES. (R825260) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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OZONE ALTERS THE CONCENTRATIONS OF NUTRIENTS IN BEAN TISSUE |
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Studies were conducted to determine the impact of ozone on the nutrient concentrations in tissue from various organs of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv Bush Bluelake 290). The plan...
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OZONE AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARD HAS BENEFICIAL EFFECT ON PONDEROSA PINE IN CALIFORNIA |
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Ambient air quality standards and control strategies are implemented to protect humans and vegetation from adverse effects. However, to date there has not been a simple and objecti...
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OZONE AND NATURAL SYSTEMS: UNDERSTANDING EXPOSURE, RESPONSE, AND RISK |
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Research aimed at understanding the response of plants to ozone has been conducted for over four decades but little of it has addressed intact natural systems. Even so, there is s...
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OZONE AND OTHER PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS. VOLUME 1 (CHAPTERS 1-7) |
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The report deals primarily with the origins and effects of ozone and other photochemical oxidants. It is limited, more or less, to the problem of urban pollution and to such closel...
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OZONE AND OTHER PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS. VOLUME 2 (CHAPTERS 8-15) |
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The report deals primarily with the origins and effects of ozone and other photochemical oxidants. It is limited, more or less, to the problem of urban pollution and to such closel...
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OZONE AND SOIL MOISTURE DEFICIT EFFECTS ON NITROGEN METABOLISM OF SOYBEAN (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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A two-year field study was conducted to determine the effects of soil moisture deficit and O3 on nitrogen metabolism of soybean. Nitrogen fixation, estimated by the acetylene reduc...
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OZONE AND SULFUR DIOXIDE DRY DEPOSITION TO FORESTS: OBSERVATIONS AND MODEL EVALUATION |
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Fluxes and deposition velocities of O3 and SO2 were measured over both a deciduous and a mixed coniferous-deciduous forest for full growing seasons. Fluxes and deposition veloci...
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OZONE AND ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION DISINFECTION FOR SMALL COMMUNITY WATER SYSTEMS |
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Ozone and ultraviolet radiation were used as alternatives to chlorine for disinfection in several small existing community water systems. Both ozone and ultraviolet light were foun...
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OZONE BEHAVIOR IN THE COMBINED BALTIMORE-WASHINGTON, DC. PLUME |
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An extensive air quality monitoring program was carried out in the Washington, DC - Baltimore region during the July 14 - August 15 period in 1980. The field study included data co...
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OZONE CALIBRATION AND AUDIT BY GAS PHASE TITRATION IN EXCESS OZONE. BENDIX (TRADE NAME) TRANSPORTABLE FIELD CALIBRATION SYSTEM, MODELS 8861D AND 8861DA |
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Detailed procedures for the dynamic calibration and audit of chemiluminescence ozone analyzers are presented. The calibrations and audits are performed by means of a gas phase titr...
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OZONE CONCENTRATION-PULMONARY RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS FOR 6.6 HOUR EXPOSURES WITH 5 HOURS OF MODERATE EXERCISE TO 0.08, 0.10 AND 0.12 PPM |
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The magnitudes of pulmonary responses we previously observed (1) following 6.6-h exposures to 0.12 ppm ozone (O3) suggested that responses would also occur with similar exposures a...
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OZONE CONTACTOR FLOW VISUALIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION USING 3-DIMENSIONAL LASER INDUCED FLUORESCENCE |
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Hydrodynamics of ozone contactors have a crucial impact on efficient inactivation of pathogens such as Cryptosporidium as well as control of disinfection byproducts such a...
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OZONE DECREASES SPRING ROOT GROWTH AND ROOT CARBOHYDRATE CONTENT IN PONDEROSA PINE THE YEAR FOLLOWING EXPOSURE |
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Storage carbohydrates are extremely important for new shoot and root development following dormancy or during periods of high stress. he hypothesis that ozone decreases carbohydrat...
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OZONE DEPLETION AND THE AIR-SEA EXCHANGE OF GREENHOUSE AND CHEMICALLY REACTIVE TRACE GASES |
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One of the most important aspects of global change is that of stratospheric ozone depletion and the resulting increase in UV radiation reaching the surface of the Earth. Some 70% o...
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OZONE DEPOSITION TO A PONDEROSA PINE PLANTATION IN THE SIERRA NEVADA MOUNTAINS (CA): A COMPARISON OF TWO DIFFERENT CLIMATIC YEARS. (R826601) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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OZONE DISINFECTION AND COLOR REMOVAL IN WASTEWATER |
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Various ozone contacting systems were evaluated. A sparger incorporated into a six-stage contacting system was found to be the most practical system. Over 80 percent ozone transfer...
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OZONE DOSE AND EFFECT IN HUMANS AND RATS - A COMPARISON USING OXYGEN-18 LABELING AND BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE |
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In an effort to improve risk assessments for ozone (03) we have compared the incorporation of inhaled oxygen-18 labeled 03 (1803) in the lungs of humans and laboratory rats. ells a...
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OZONE DOSIMETRY PREDICTIONS FOR HUMANS AND RATS |
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This report summarizes ozone (O3) dosimetry model predictions for rats and humans under several different scenarios based on the most recent empirical data and theoretical consider...
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OZONE DOSIMETRY STUDIES IN THE NOSE AND EYE USING OXYGEN-18 |
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Ozone (O3) causes site-specific morphological changes in the nasal epithelium. It is possible that some tissue sits are more affected than others because of differences in the dose...
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OZONE EFFECT ON RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS INFECTIVITY AND CYTOKINE PRODUCTION BY HUMAN ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES |
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This study was performed to evaluate the effect of ozone (O3) exposure at 1 ppm for 2 hours, on the susceptibility/resistance of adult human alveolar macrophages (AM) to infection ...
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OZONE EFFECTS AND EMERGING ISSUES IN RELATION TO STANDARDS SETTING |
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Our current knowledge of O3 exposure and health effects is growingrapidly. ransient respiratory function effects accumulatethroughout an exposure day, and ambient exposures have br...
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OZONE EFFECTS IN WISTAR RATS: AN AGE COMPARISON STUDY |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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OZONE EFFECTS ON AGRICULTURAL CROP: STATISTICAL METHODOLOGIES AND ESTIMATED DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS |
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The National Crop Lose Assessment Network (NCLAN) began in 1980 to coordinate research on the investigation of the impact of ozone on agricultural crops. ajor objective was to deve...
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OZONE EFFECTS ON AIRWAY RESPONSIVENESS, LUNG INJURY, AND INFLAMMATION: COMPARATIVE RAT STRAIN AND IN VIVO/IN VITRO INVESTIGATIONS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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OZONE EFFECTS ON ALPHA-1-PROTEINASE INHIBITOR IN VIVO: BLOOD PLASMA INHIBITORY ACTIVITY IS UNCHANGED |
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The possible oxidative inactivation of human blood plasma alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (PI) by inhaled ozone was assessed. Eleven male volunteers (non-smokers) were exposed to 0.5 ...
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OZONE EXPOSURE AND PULMONARY METABOLIC EFFECTS OF MEDIATORS AND HORMONES |
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Several physiological effects of ozone exposure involving smooth muscle contracting substances have been studied in Sprague-Dawley derived, male rats whose body weights were in the...
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OZONE EXPOSURE INCREASES RESPIRATORY EPITHELIAL PERMEABILITY IN HUMANS (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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After both air and ozone exposures, the permeability of the respiratory epithelium was assessed by measuring the pulmonary clearance rate of inhaled aerosolized 99mTc-labeled dieth...
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OZONE FLUX IN 'GLYCINE MAX' (L.) MERR.: SITES OF REGULATION AND RELATIONSHIP TO LEAF INJURY |
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Hood and Dare cultivars of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., vary in their foliar response to ozone. The physiological basis of this variation was investigated as a function of leaf...
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OZONE FOR INDUSTRIAL WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT, AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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The project explored the technology of ozonation applicable to industrial water and wastewater treatment. The final report documents existing equipment, extent of application and p...
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OZONE FOR INDUSTRIAL WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT: A LITERATURE SURVEY |
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The project explored the technology of ozonation applicable to industrial water and wastewater treatment. The final report documents existing equipment, extent of application and p...
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OZONE FOR TRACE ORGANIC CONTAMINANT REMOVAL |
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Many drinking water utilities have recently changed or are seriously considering changing from disinfection with chlorine to some alternative disinfectant as a result of regulation...
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OZONE FORMATION IN POLLUTANT PLUMES: A REACTIVE PLUME MODEL WITH ARBITRARY CROSSWIND RESOLUTION |
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A new two-layer reactive plume model is developed, in which arbitrary crosswind resolution of the emission field of each precursor is preserved, and dynamic plume-plume and plume-b...
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OZONE GENERATORS IN INDOOR AIR SETTINGS |
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The report gives information on home/office ozone generators. It discusses their current uses as amelioratives for environmental tobacco smoke, biocontaminants, volatile organic co...
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OZONE INACTIVATES CYCLOOXYGENASE IN HUMAN TRACHEAL EPITHELIAL CELLS WITHOUT ALTERING PGHS-2 MRNA OR PROTEIN. (R825268) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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OZONE INDUCED HEMATOLOGICAL CHANGES IN MOUSE STRAINS WITH DIFFERENTIAL LEVELS OF ERYTHROCYTE G-6-PD ACTIVITY AND VITAMIN E STATUS (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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A single short term in vivo exposure (6 hr) to O3 (i.e., 0.3, 0.9, 1.5 ppm) markedly affected several hematological parameters in males of two mouse strains (C57L/J and A/J) reared...
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OZONE INHIBITS PROSTACYCLIN SYNTHESIS IN PULMONARY ENDOTHELIUM |
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The effects of ozone on lung arachidonate metabolism in-vitro were studied in cultured bovine pulmonary endothelial cells exposed for 2 hours to ozone in concentrations up to 1.0 p...
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OZONE MODULATES LUNG TOXICITY IN A MOUSE MODEL OF SMOKE-INDUCED EMPHYSEMA. (R826442) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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OZONE MODULATION OF VOLATILE HYDROCARBONS USING MEMBRANE INTRODUCTION MASS SPECTROMETRY. (R828179) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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OZONE MONITORING, MAPPING, AND PUBLIC OUTREACH: DELIVERING REAL-TIME OZONE INFORMATION TO YOUR COMMUNITY |
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The U.S. EPA had developed a handbook to help state and local government officials implement ozone monitoring, mapping, and outreach programs. The handbook, called Ozone Monitorin...
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OZONE MULTI-YEAR PLAN |
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The tropospheric ozone research program addresses not only ozone, but other criteria pollutants such as SO2, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and lead. It focuses on developing t...
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OZONE OVER SAN FRANCISCO. MEANS AND PATTERNS DURING POLLUTION EPISODES |
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Measurements of meteorological parameters were taken at six levels and ozone at four levels between 260m and 473m ASL on the Mt. Sutro T.V. Tower in San Francisco during the summer...
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OZONE PLUMES FROM SMALL CITIES AND OZONE IN HIGH PRESSURE WEATHER SYSTEMS |
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This report presents the results of a field investigation of ozone distribution and transports. The program focuses on the formation and transport of ozone in urban plumes of small...
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OZONE PRECURSOR EMISSIONS FROM ALTERNATIVELY FUELED VEHICLES |
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Smog chamber tests were conducted using automobile exhaust gas generated during emission tests with a group of alternatively fueled vehicles. he tests were designed to evaluate the...
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OZONE PRECURSOR LEVELS AND RESPONSES TO EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS:ANALYSIS OF REGIONAL OXIDANT MODEL RESULTS |
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An analysis of results from the Regional Oxidant Modeling for Northeast Transport (ROMNET) study (U.S. EPA, 1991, EPA-450/4-91-002a) has investigated the chemical conditions under ...
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OZONE PRODUCTION AND TRANSPORT IN THE ATLANTA, GEORGIA REGION |
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The report presents the results from air quality monitoring program conducted in the Atlanta, Georgia region during July 1981. The study included data collected at several ground s...
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OZONE PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY AND LOSS OF NOX IN POWER PLANT PLUMES: PHOTOCHEMICAL MODEL AND INTERPRETATION OF MEASUREMENTS IN TENNESSEE. (R826765) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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OZONE PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY AND NOX DEPLETION IN AN URBAN PLUME: INTERPRETATION OF FIELD OBSERVATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR EVALUATING O3-NOX-VOC SENSITIVITY |
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Ozone production efficiency (OPE) can be defined as the number of ozone (O3) molecules photochemically produced by a molecule of NOx (NO + NO2) before it is lost from the NOx - O3...
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OZONE PRODUCTION FROM IRRADIATION OF ACETYLENE/CHLORINE MIXTURES IN AIR |
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The reaction of chlorine radicals with acetylene in air in the absence of oxides of nitrogen result In the formation of ozone. o ozone is observed when chlorine radicals react with...
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OZONE PRODUCTION RATE AND HYDROCARBON REACTIVITY IN 5 URBAN AREAS: A CAUSE OF HIGH OZONE CONCENTRATION IN HOUSTON. (R826373) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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OZONE REACTION WITH N-ALDEHYDES (N=4-10), BENZALDEHYDE, ETHANOL, ISOPROPANOL, AND N-PROPANOL ADSORBED ON A DUAL-BED GRAPHITIZED CARBON/CARBON MOLECULAR SIEVE ADSORBENT CARTRIDGE |
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Ozone reacts with n-aldehydes (n = 4 - 10), benzaldehyde, ethanol, isopropanol, and n-propanol adsorbed on a dual-bed graphitized carbon/carbon molecular sieve adsorbent cartrid...
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OZONE RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS IN HEALTHY NONSMOKERS |
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Significant concentration responses were observed in FVC1 FEV1, FEF 25-75, SGaw, IC, and TLC in 20 healthy, nonsmoking volunteers exposed randomly to 0.00, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, and 0....
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OZONE STRESS AND CHANGES BELOW-GROUND: LINKING ROOT AND SOIL PROCESSES |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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OZONE TOXICITY IN THE MOUSE: COMPARISON AND MODELING OF RESPONSES IN SUSCEPTILE AND RESISTANT STRAINS |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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OZONE TOXICITY IN THE RAT. II. MODELING CHANGES DUE TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURES AND DURATION |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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OZONE TOXICITY IN THE RAT. III. EFFECT OF CHANGES IN AMBIENT TEMPERATURE ON PULMONARY PARAMETERS |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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OZONE TRANSPORT IN THE ST. LOUIS AREA |
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Measurements from the Regional Air Pollution Study in St. Louis and from synoptic rawinsonde stations in North America were used with annual point and area source emission data in ...
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OZONE TREATMENT OF CYANIDE-BEARING PLATING WASTE |
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The use of ozone for CN destruction in the metal finishing industry has long been recognized as a technically attractive alternative to chlorine oxidation. High capital cost has, i...
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OZONE UPTAKE IN AWAKE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS |
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Knowledge of ozone (O3) uptake in rats is integral to efforts to quantitatively extrapolate animal data to man. The authors have measured percent uptake 30 adult Sprague Dawley rat...
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OZONE UPTAKE IN HEALTH ADULT MALES DURING QUIET BREATHING |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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OZONE UPTAKE IN THE INTACT HUMAN RESPIRATORY TRACT - RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INHALED AND ACTUAL DOSE |
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Inhaled concentration (C), minute volume (MV), and exposure duration (T) are factors that may affect the uptake of ozone (03) within the respiratory tract. Ten healthy adult nons...
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OZONE UPTAKE OF DIFFERENT-SIZED BLACK CHERRY TREES IN HIGH- AND LOW-LIGHT ENVIRONMENTS |
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Ozone uptake rates of different-sized black cherry trees located in both high and low light environments were calculated from measurements of ambient ozone concentration and stomat...
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OZONE, BUT NOT NITROGEN DIOXIDE, EXPOSURE DECREASES GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASES IN EPITHELIAL LINING FLUID OF HUMAN LUNG. (R827354C005) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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OZONE-GAC (GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON) FOLLOWING CONVENTIONAL U.S. DRINKING WATER TREATMENT |
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The combination of ozonation followed by granular activated carbon (GAC) has been suggested as a means to improve the cost effectiveness of the GAC process for organics removal. Se...
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OZONE-GENERATION IN DC-ENERGIZED ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS |
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The paper gives results of the measurement of ozone emissions from a short wire-plate electrostatic precipitator and from three commercial electronic air cleaners. zone generation ...
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OZONE-INDUCED AIRWAY HYPERRESPONSIVENESS IS REDUCED IN IMMATURE MICE. (R827447) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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OZONE-INDUCED CHANGES IN THE PULMONARY CLEARANCE OF (99M)TC-DTPA IN MAN |
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Ozone is a respiratory irritant that has been shown in animals to increase the premeability of the respiratory epithelium. In the study the authors have recently reported that resp...
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OZONE-INDUCED DNA SINGLE STRAND BREAKS IN HUMAN AND GUINEA PIG LUNG CELLS IN VIVO |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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OZONE-INDUCED ETHYLENE RELEASE FROM LEAF SURFACES |
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Ozone-induced stress ethylene emissions from the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces of four plant species (Glycine max (L) Merr. cv. Dare, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill cv. Roma VF, ...
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OZONE-INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA AND BRADYCARDIA IN RATS AND GUINEA PIGS IN NOSE-ONLY OR WHOLE BODY INHALATION SYSTEMS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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OZONE-INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA AND BRADYCARDIA IN RATS AND GUINEA PIGS IN NOSE-ONLY OR WHOLE BODY INHALATION SYSTEMS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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OZONE-INDUCED IL-8 EXPRESSION AND TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR BINDING IN RESPIRATORY EPITHELIAL CELLS. (R825268) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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OZONE-INDUCED INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN PULMONARY CELLS |
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This chapter highlights the roles of AM's, polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), and epithelial cells and their products (primarily eicosanoids and cytokines) in the inflammatory ca...
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OZONE-INDUCED PULMONARY INFLAMMATION IN PREPREGNANT, PREGNANT AND LACTATING RATS CORRELATES WITH 180 RETENTION IN THE LOWER LUNG FOLLOWING 1803 EXPOSURE |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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OZONE-INDUCED RELEASE OF CYTOKINES AND FIBRONECTIN BY ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES AND AIRWAY EPITHELIAL CELLS |
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Although airway epithelial cells appear damaged following exposure of humans and animals to ozone, the contribution of these cells to inflammation observed after ozone exposure is ...
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OZONE-INDUCED RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS AND LUNG FUNCTION DECREMENTS IN HUMANS: EXPOSURE-RESPONSE MODELS |
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Short duration exposure to ozone (<8 hr) is known to result in lung function decrements and respiratory symptoms in humans. The magnitudes of these responses are functions of ozon...
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OZONE-INDUCED RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS: EXPOSURE-RESPONSE MODELS AND ASSOCIATION WITH LUNG FUNCTION |
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Ozone-induced respiratory symptoms are known to be functions of concentration, minute ventilation, and duration of exposure. The purposes of this study were to identify an exposure...
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OZONE-ISOPRENE REACTION: RE-EXAMINATION OF THE FORMATION OF SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL |
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The reaction of ozone and isoprene has been studied to examine physical and chemical characteristics of the secondary organic aerosol formed. Using a scanning mobility particle siz...
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OZONE-SCAVENGING REAGENTS SUITABLE FOR USE IN THE QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF ALDEHYDES AS THE O-(2,3,4,5,6-PENTAFLUOROBENZYL)OXIMES BY GC-ECD |
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Previously, we reported interference due to several ozone-scavenging reagents (OSRs) in the quantitation of aldehydes using 0-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)oxylamine (PFBOA) in the ...
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PARAMETER EVALUATION AND MODEL VALIDATION OF OZONE EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT USING HARVARD SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CHRONIC OZONE EXPOSURE STUDY DATA |
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To examine factors influencing long-term ozone exposures by children living in urban communities, we analyzed longitudinal data on personal, indoor, and outdoor ozone concentration...
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PARTICLE EMISSIONS AND THE PRODUCTION OF OZONE AND NITROGEN OXIDES FROM THE BURNING OF FOREST SLASH |
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Airborne measurements in the plumes from three prescribed burns of conifer slash showed the number concentration-size spectra to be biomodal with peaks at about 0.1 and about 0.5 m...
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PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE AIR QUALITY MODELING AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES |
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Since the inception of the Clean Air Act (CAA) in 1969, atmospheric models have been used to assess source-receptor relationships for sulfur dioxide and total suspended particula...
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PERFORMANCE AND EFFICIENCY EVALUATIONS OF 11 NON-CFC REFRIGERANTS |
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The paper gives results of a theoretical evaluation of the performance and efficiency of 11 non-chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) refrigerants. (NOTE: As a result of the mandated phaseout o...
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PERFORMANCE AUDITS AND LABORATORY COMPARISONS FOR SCOS97-NARSTO MEASUREMENTS OF SPECIATED VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. (R826237) |
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Performance audits and laboratory comparisons were conducted as part of the quality assurance program for the 1997 Southern California Ozone Study (SCOS97-NARSTO) to document po...
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PERFORMANCE OF OZONE AS A DISINFECTANT FOR COMBINED SEWER OVERFLOW |
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Disinfection of combined sewer overflow (CSO) minimizes the amount of disease-causing microorganisms (pathogens) released into receiving waters. Currently, the primary disinfecting...
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PERFORMANCE TEST RESULTS AND COMPARATIVE DATA FOR DESIGNATED REFERENCE AND EQUIVALENT METHODS FOR OZONE |
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Under Part 53 of Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations (40 CFR Part 53), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency designates specific ambient monitoring methods and analyzers...
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PERSISTENCE OF PEAK FLOW DECREMENT IN CHILDREN FOLLOWING OZONE EXPOSURES EXCEEDING THE NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARD |
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Spironmetric measurements of lung function were made on six or more occasions over a five week period in 1982 in 39 children attending a summer day camp in Mendham, N.J. Mean slope...
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PESTICIDE OXIDATION BY OZONE FOR POINT-OF-USE/POINT-OF-ENTRY TREATMENT SYSTEMS. (R825549C013) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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PHILADELPHIA AIR TOXICS STUDY: EVALUATION OF RISK MANAGEMENT OPTIONS USING MIRA |
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Evaluation of risk management options usually takes place within single programs at the U.S. EPA. This can produce inadvertent tradeoffs among important criteria by risk managers ...
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PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANT FORMATION: OVERVIEW OF CURRENT KNOWLEDGE AND EMERGING ISSUES |
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Despite 1-1/2 decades of control effort, the photochemical ozone problem continues to plague human society and ecology in the U.S. One reason alleged for the difficulty in achievin...
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PHOTOCHEMICAL PRODUCTS IN URBAN MIXTURES ENHANCE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES IN LUNG CELLS |
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Complex urban air mixtures that realistically mimic urban smog can be generated for investigating adverse health effects. "Smog chambers" have been used for over 30 yr to conduct e...
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PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS ENHANCE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES IN HUMAN LUNG CELLS |
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The chemistry of hazardous air pollutants has been studied for many years, yet little is known about how these chemicals, once interacted with urban atmospheres, affect healthy and...
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PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIVITY OF PERCHLOROETHYLENE |
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Perchloroethylene (PCE), a solvent used in dry cleaning, has been suspected of contributing significantly to photochemical ozone/oxidant (O3/Ox) problems in urban atmospheres. Past...
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PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIVITY OF PERCHLOROETHYLENE: A NEW APPRAISAL |
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Perchloroethylene (PCE), a solvent used in dry cleaning, has been suspected of contributing significantly to photochemical ozone/oxidant (O3/O(x)) problems in urban atmospheres. Pa...
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PHOTOCHEMICAL SIMULATIONS OF POINT SOURCE EMISSIONS WITH THE MODELS-3 CMAQ PLUME-IN-GRID APPROACH |
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A plume-in-grid (PinG) approach has been designed to provide a realistic treatment for the simulation the dynamic and chemical processes impacting pollutant species in major point ...
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PHOTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF NOX REMOVAL FROM STACK GASES |
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The report gives results of an evaluation of the technical feasibility of a photochemical pretreatment system for NOx control at coal-fired boilers. The approach utilizes reaction ...
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PHOTOCHEMICAL URBAN AIRSHED MODELING USING DIAGNOSTIC AND DYNAMIC METEOROLOGICAL FIELDS |
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Spatial pollutant patterns and peak concentrations are strongly influenced by meteorological parameters. herefore, accurate hourly, gridded meteorological data sets are crucial inp...
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PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF SOME NATURALLY EMITTED HYDROCARBONS |
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Six C10H16 monoterpenes, p-cymene, and isoprene, all known or thought to be emitted to the atmosphere by vegetation, were irradiated in the presence of NOx. The terpenes studied in...
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PHOTOREPAIR IN LARVAL ANCHOVY, 'ENGRAULIS MORDAX' |
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Photorepair of UV-B lesions occurred in embryonic northern anchovy larvae. The photoreactive fluence rate required to fully activate photorepair mechanisms was less than 10% of tha...
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PHOTOSYNTHETIC PRODUCTIVITY OF ASPEN CLONES VARYING IN SENSITIVITY TO TROPOSPHERIC OZONE |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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PHOTOTHERMAL DESTRUCTION OF THE VAPOR OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS |
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The contamination of subsurface soil and groundwater by volatile organic compounds (VOCS) is a pervasive problem in the United States. n-situ soil vapor extraction (SVE) and ex-sit...
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PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSES OF BUSH BEAN (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS) TO OZONE AND DROUGHT STRESS |
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Bush bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants were exposed to ozone (O3) episodes in open-top chambers in early and late season studies at Corvallis, Oregon. lants were grown in cultura...
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PHYSIOLOGICAL AND FOLIAR INJURY RESPONSES OF PRUNUS SEROTINA, FRAXINUS AMERICANA, AND ACER RUBRUM SEEDLINGS TO VARYING SOIL MOISTURE AND OZONE. (R825244) |
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Sixteen black cherry (Prunus serotina, Ehrh.), 10 white ash (Fraxinus americana, L.) and 10 red maple (Acer rubrum, L.) 1-year old seedlings were planted pe...
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PHYSIOLOGICAL AND GROWTH RESPONSES OF DIFFERENTIALLY IRRIGATED COTTON TO OZONE (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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The study was conducted to determine the physiological and growth responses of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) to the interaction of ozone (O3) and drought stress. Cotton (cv SJ-2) ...
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PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE TO ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS |
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During the period of this grant several materials were examined as air pollutants of interest for their irritant effects. These included sulfuric acid, a series of inorganic sulfat...
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PHYSIOLOGY, MORPHOLOGY, AND OZONE UPTAKE OF LEAVES OF BLACK CHERRY SEEDLINGS, SAPLINGS, AND CANOPY TREES |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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PILOT PLANT OPTIMIZATION OF THE CHLORINE DIOXIDE TREATMENT PROCESS FOR DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCT REDUCTION |
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Previous pilot-plant investigations conducted by the Evansville, Indiana Water and Sewer Utility confirmed the effectiveness of chlorine dioxide treatment for reducing trihalometha...
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PILOT PLANT PROJECT FOR REMOVING ORGANIC SUBSTANCES FROM DRINKING WATER |
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This report describes research on the European practice of preozonation of water to modify naturally occurring organics, followed by bacteria activated carbon (BAC) adsorption to r...
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PILOT SCALE EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVATED CARBON FOR THE REMOVAL OF THM PRECURSORS |
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This project evaluates a method for the removal of trihalomethane (THM) precursors from surface water sources. A pilot plant was operated for 80 weeks to test the combination of oz...
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PILOT SCALE EVALUATION OF PHOTOLYTIC OZONATION FOR TRIHALOMETHANE PRECURSOR REMOVAL |
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The use of ozone combined with ultraviolet radiation has been studied at the pilot-scale for removing trihalomethane (THM) precursors from potable water. The effects of variations ...
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PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTING A REAL-TIME AIR POLLUTION MONITORING AND OUTREACH PROGRAM FOR YOUR COMMUNITY: THE AIRBEAT PROJECT OF ROXBURY, MASSACHUSETTS |
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EPA has developed a technology transfer handbook for the EMPACT Roxbury Air Monitoring (AirBeat) Project. The purpose of AirBeat is to make real-time air quality monitoring informa...
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PLANT WATER STATUS INFLUENCES OZONE SENSITIVITY OF BEAN PLANTS |
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Studies were conducted in a controlled environment chamber to determine the association between plant water status and ozone sensitivity. Bean plants were subjected to various wate...
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PLASMA AND LUNG MACROPHAGE CAROTENOID RESPONSIVENESS TO SUPPLEMENTATION AND OZONE EXPOSURE IN HUMANS |
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OBJECTIVE:: To examine the effect of ozone exposure and vegetable juice supplementation on plasma and lung macrophage concentrations of carotenoids. DESIGN:: A randomized trial. SE...
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POD DEVELOPMENT INCREASES THE OZONE SENSITIVITY OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS |
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The objective of this study was to determine if the O3 sensitivity of Phaseolus vulgaris L. changed with plant development. Plants exposed to charcoal-filtered air or elevated O3...
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POLARIZED RELEASE OF LIPID MEDIATORS DERIVED FROM PHOSPHOLIPASE A2 ACTIVITY IN A HUMAN BRONCHIAL CELL LINE |
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The release of arachidonic acid (AA) and platelet activating factory (PAF) from airway epithelial cells may be an important mediating factor in lung physiological and inflammatory ...
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POLICY AND SCIENCE: ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF REGULATIONS ON AIR QUALITY AND HUMAN HEALTH |
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This presentation will discuss the NOx SIP call and the results of several studies investigating the impact of the regulation on NOx emissions and ozone levels across the northeast...
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POLLUTANT EXPOSURE CONTROL SYSTEM FOR DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE REGIMES ON PLANT GROWTH |
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In the field of air pollution effects research there is the need to examine the various components of pollutant dose expression (concentration, frequency, and duration) in order to...
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POLLUTANT VARIABILITY IN THE REGIONAL AIR POLLUTION STUDY |
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Pollutant variability in the area represented by a stationary point monitoring site causes an uncertainty in representative sampling. This uncertainty has been determined for selec...
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POLLUTION PREVENTION AND LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT (CHAPTER 15) |
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Much has been accomplished internationally to establish industrial Pollution Prevention as an important component in environmental management. It includes approaches that reduce o...
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POLLUTION PREVENTION AND LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT (CHAPTER 15): BOOK CHAPTER |
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BOOK NRMRL-CIN-1088 Curran*, M.A., and Schenck, R.C. "Pollution Prevention and Life Cycle Assessment (Chapter 15)." Published in: Handbook of Pollution Control and Waste Minimiza...
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POLLUTION PREVENTION METHODS IN THE SURFACE COATING INDUSTRY |
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The surface coating industry is rapidly changing to meet environmental and economic pressures. ome of the changes include new formulations which meet environmental regulations, hig...
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POLLUTION PREVENTION RESEARCH FOR CLEANER AIR: EPA'S AIR AND ENERGY ENGINEERING LABORATORY |
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The article discusses the role of EPA's Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory (AEERL) in pollution prevention research for cleaner air. For more than 20 years, AEERL has b...
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POPULATION AT RISK TO VARIOUS AIR POLLUTION EXPOSURES: DATA BASE 'POPATRISK' |
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The work reported was undertaken to provide the EPA with a user-oriented data base containing recent county-based information, for all counties in the contiguous United States, on ...
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POTENTIAL BIAS FROM NON-CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF AMBIENT OZONE CONCENTRATIONS FOR CHARACTERIZING HOURLY AND DAILY 7- AND 12-HOUR AVERAGE CONCENTRATIONS |
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Researchers investigating O3 effects on agricultural crops do not always monitor their chamber concentrations continuously. rrors introduced because of non-continuous monitoring du...
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POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF ELEVATED CO2 AND O3 ON SOIL MICROBIOTA IN PONDEROSA PINE MESOCOSMS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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POTENTIAL IMPACT OF STRATOSPHERIC OZONE DEPLETION ON MARINE ECOSYSTEMS |
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As a result of stratospheric ozone depletion, ultraviolet-B radiation (290-320 nm; UV-B) reaching-marine environments is likely to increase over the next few decades (Ozone Trends ...
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POTENTIAL USE AND MODIFICATION OF EXISTING MESOCOSMS FOR VAPOR PHASE PHOTOTOXICITY |
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With vapor phase plant toxicity testing becoming a requirement in Europe, there is a pressing need to develop and implement acceptable tests protocols. The quickest way to proceed...
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PRACTICAL DIAL METHODOLOGY FOR RETRIEVING VERTICAL OZONE CONCENTRATION PROFILES IN THE LOWER TROPOSPHERE |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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PRACTICE FOR FULL-SCALE CHAMBER DETERMINATION OF VOLATILE ORAGNIC EMISSIONS FROM INDOOR MATERIALS/PRODUCTS. |
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In: Standard Practice Designation: D6670-01, American Society of Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, July, 2001. 2001, 1-20. EPA/600/A-01/044. Zhang, J., Mason*, M., Nong, G...
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PRECISION OF ATMOSPHERIC DRY DEPOSITION DATA FROM THE CLEAN AIR STATUS AND TRENDS NETWORK (CASTNET) |
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A collocated, dry deposition sampling program was begun in January 1987 by the US Environmental Protection Agency to provide ongoing estimates of the overall precision of dry depos...
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PREDICTING OZONE UPTAKE FROM METEOROLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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PREDICTING THE IMPACT OF TROPOSPHERIC OZONE ON ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES FOR SETTING NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS |
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The Clean Air Act provides for establishing National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) to protect public welfare (including crops, forests, ecosystems, and soils) from adverrse...
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PREDICTING THE IMPACT OF TROPOSPHERIC OZONE ON PLANTS AND ECOSYSTEMS AS A BASIS FOR SETTING NATIONAL AIR QUALITY STANDARDS |
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The Clean Air Act provides for establishing National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) to protect public welfare (including crops, forests, ecosystems, and soils) from adverse ...
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PREDICTING THE REGIONAL IMPACT OF OZONE AND PRECIPITATION ON THE GROWTH OF LOBLOLLY PINE AND YELLOW-POPLAR USING LINKED TREGRO AND ZELIG MODELS |
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To simulate the long-term effects of ozone on forests in the US, we linked TREGRO, a mechanistic model of an individual tree, to ZELIG, a forest stand model, to examine the respons...
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PREDICTING THE REGIONAL IMPACT OF OZONE ON THE GROWTH OF EASTERN HARDWOOD FORESTS USING LINKED TREGRO AND ZELIG MODELS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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PREDICTING THE REGIONAL IMPACT OF OZONE ON THE GROWTH OF LOBLOLLY PINE AND YELLOW POPLAR USING LINKED TREGRO AND ZELIG MODELS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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PREDICTIONS OF AZEOTROPES FORMED FROM FLUORINATED ETHERS, ETHANES, AND PROPANES |
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The paper discusses an evaluation of the potential for azeotrope formation and performance for fluorinated ethers, ethanes, and propanes. (NOTE: The synthesis of new non-chlorinate...
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PREDICTIONS OF OZONE ABSORPTION IN HUMAN LUNGS FROM NEWBORN TO ADULT |
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Dosimetry models for gases mainly have been used to predict absorption in adult humans and laboratory animals. he lack of lower respiratory tract (LRT) lung models for children has...
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PREDICTORS OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN ACUTE RESPONSE TO OZONE EXPOSURE |
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The purposes of this study were to identify personal characteristics which predict individual differences in acute response to ozone exposure and to develop a predictive model for ...
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PREEXPOSURE TO LOW OZONE CONCENTRATIONS DOES NOT DIMINISH THE PULMONARY FUNCTION RESPONSE ON EXPOSURE TO HIGHER OZONE CONCENTRATIONS |
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It has been well documented that persons exposed to the air pollutant ozone in concentrations between 0.40 and 0.50 ppm5 on consecutive days will adapt to the acute respiratory irr...
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PREFACE TO SPECIAL EDITION OF TREE PHYSIOLOGY: THE PONDEROSA PINE ECOSYSTEM AND ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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PRELIMINARY FINDINGS ON THE ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL CAR-RELATED OCCUPATIONAL PM AND AIR TOXIC EXPOSURE TO PATROL TROOPERS (COPP STUDY) |
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In-vehicle, roadside and community-based measurements of particulate matter (PM) and select air toxics were measured as part of a study involving patrol cars from the North Carolin...
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PRELIMINARY SELECTION OF REFRIGERANTS FOR DUAL-CIRCUIT AND LORENZREFRIGERATOR/FREEZERS |
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The paper discusses the preliminary selection of refrigerants fordual-circuit and Lorenz refrigerator/freezers (RFs). ince RFscurrently use a fully halogenated chlorofluorocarbon (...
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PREPARED DISCUSSION ON OZONE AIR QUALITY MODELS |
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This paper is a formal response to the 1988 Critical Review of Ozone Air Quality Models by Dr. John Seinfeld. is Critical Review was a comprehensive discussion on the state, of kno...
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PREPARING TO MEASURE THE EFFECTS OF THE NOX SIP CALL - METHODS FOR AMBIENT AIR MONITORING OF NO, NO2, NOY AND INDIVIDUAL NOZ SPECIES |
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The capping of stationary source emissions of NOx in 22 states and the District of Columbia is federally mandated by the NOx SIP Call legislation with the intended purpose of red...
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PRESSURE-DEPENDENT OH AND H RADICAL YIELDS FROM THE REACTION OF OZONE WITH ALKENES. (R825258) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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PRIORITIES FOR BIOLOGIC MARKERS RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH |
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Recent advances in molecular and cellular biology allow for measurement of biologic events or substances that may provide markers of exposure, effect or susceptibility in humans. h...
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PROBABILISTIC HIERARCHICAL MODELING, UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS, AND SPATIAL EXTRAPOLATION |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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PROCEDDINGS US/FRG WORKSHOP ON PHOTOCHEMICAL OZONE PROBLEM AND ITS CONTROL--US EXPERIENCES AND THE SITUATION IN EUROPE |
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Concern for the photochemical ozone problems in the US and Europe led the US and FRG Governments to organize and conduct the subject Workshop in May 1988, in Cologne, FRG, to revie...
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PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RECENT ADVANCES IN THE ASSESSMENT OF THE HEALTH EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION, HELD AT PARIS (FRANCE) ON 24-28 JUNE 1974. VOLUME II |
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;Partial contents: Relation between aircraft noise exposure and human reactions--A biological model; Impact of environmental noise on sleep electrophysiology as measured in the hom...
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PROCEEDINGS OF SYMPOSIUM ON NORTHEAST OXIDANT TRANSPORT STUDY (1975) HELD AT RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NORTH CAROLINA, JANUARY 20-21, 1976 |
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The preliminary results of the 1975 Northeast Oxidant Transport Study were presented by the participants of the study at a symposium held at the Environmental Research Center in Re...
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE ON METHYL CHLOROFORM AND OTHER HALOCARBON POLLUTANTS HELD AT WASHINGTON, DC. ON FEBRUARY 27-28, 1979 |
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Presentations at the Conference on Methyl Chloroform and Other Halocarbon Pollutants are documented. Included among the authors are research scientists, industry representatives, a...
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE EMPIRICAL KINETIC MODELING APPROACH (EKMA) VALIDATION WORKSHOP HELD AT RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NORTH CAROLINA ON DECEMBER 15-16, 1981 |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency currently expects to continue recommending use of the Empirical Kinetic Modeling Approach (EKMA) for the preparation of State Implementatio...
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PROCEEDINGS: FOURTH US/FRG/EU WORKSHOP ON PHOTOCHEMICAL OZONE PROBLEM AND ITS CONTROL |
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The report is a digest of the presentations and discussions during the subject Workshop. opics of presentations and discussions were: regulatory and research developments in Europe...
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PROCEEDINGS: SECOND US/FRG WORKSHOP ON PHOTOCHEMICAL OZONE PROBLEM AND ITS CONTROL |
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The Second US-FRG Workshop on the Photochemical Ozone Problem and Its Control was held in Chapel Hill, NC, USA, on June 5-8, 1990. ts scope was expanded, relative to the First Work...
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PROCESS DESIGN FOR ENVIRONMENT: A MULTI-OBJECTIVE FRAMEWORK UNDER UNCERTAINTY |
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Designing chemical processes for environment requires consideration of several indexes of environmental impact including ozone depletion and global warming potentials, human and aq...
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PRODUCTION OF EXHALED BREATH CARBONYLS IN HUMAN SUBJECTS EXPOSED TO OZONE |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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PRODUCTS IDENTIFIED AT AN ALTERNATIVE DISINFECTION PILOT PLANT |
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A research cooperative agreement was developed with Jefferson Parish, Louisiana, to evaluate four parallel streams treated with four different disinfectants (chlorine, monochlorami...
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PROGRAM TO DETERMINE PERFORMANCE OF FLUORINATED ETHERS AND FLUORINATED PROPANES IN A COMPRESSOR CALORIMETER |
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The paper discusses a program to determine the performance of fluorinated ethers and fluorinated propanes in a compressor calorimeter. These chlorine free ethers and propanes are b...
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PROGRAMMABLE EXPOSURE CONTROL SYSTEM FOR DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECTS OF POLLUTANT EXPOSURE REGIMES ON PLANT GROWTH |
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A field-exposure research facility was constructed to provide a controlled environment to determine the influence of the various components of ozone exposure on plant response. The...
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PROGRESS IN WASTEWATER DISINFECTION TECHNOLOGY |
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Rapid progress is being made in the field of wastewater disinfection, but much more work is needed before a design manual can be formulated. It appears that considerable savings in...
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PROJECT WORK PLAN FOR REVISED AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND RELATED PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS (CASAC REVIEW DRAFT) |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) promulgates the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) on the basis of scientific information contained in criteria d...
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PROJECT WORK PLAN FOR REVISED AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND RELATED PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) promulgates the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) on the basis of scientific information contained in criteria documents...
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PROJECTION METHODOLOGY FOR FUTURE STATE LEVEL VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND EMISSIONS FROM STATIONARY SOURCES (VERSION 1.8) |
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The report presents the model framework used to estimate state level and national future volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and control costs for stationary industrial and u...
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PROJECTION OF RESPONSE OF TREES AND FORESTS TO ACIDIC DEPOSITION AND ASSOCIATED POLLUTANTS |
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In 1986 the National, Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP) established the Forest Response Program (FRP) to assess the effects of acidic deposition and associated pollutan...
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PROLONGED EXPOSURE OF HUMANS TO AMBIENT LEVELS OF OZONE CAUSES CELLULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE LUNG |
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An acute (2h) exposure of humans to 0.4 ppm ozone initiates biochemical changes in the lung resulting in the production of components which mediate inflammation and acute lung dama...
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PROPORTION OF MODERATELY EXERCISING INDIVIDUALS RESPONDING TO LOW-LEVEL, MULTI-HOUR OZONE EXPOSURE |
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The purpose of this study was to describe the proportion of moderately exercising individuals experiencing significant respiratory responses to low-level, multi-hour ozone exposure...
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PROSPECTS FOR IN SITU CHEMICAL TREATMENT FOR CONTAMINATED SOIL |
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Treating large volumes of contaminated soil at Superfund sites is costly. he Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA), and the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RC...
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PROTECTING ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES WITH THE CLEAN AIR ACT: THE ROLE OF SCIENCE |
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The Clean Air Act provides for establishing National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) to protect public welfare (including crops, forests, ecosystems, and soils) from adverse ...
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PROTEIN ACCUMULATION IN LUNG LAVAGE FLUID FOLLOWING OZONE EXPOSURE |
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Accumulation of protein in lung lavage fluid was used as an indicator of pulmonary damage following exposure of guinea pigs to 03. Exposure of animals to 510, 1000 or 1960 microgra...
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PROVISIONAL ASSESSMENT OF RECENT STUDIES ON PARTICULATE MATTER |
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A review of the national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for particulate matter (PM) is currently underway. The Criteria Document was completed in October 2004, and a propos...
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PUBLIC HEALTH AIR SURVEILLANCE EVALUATION ( PHASE ): WHAT IS IT? WHERE HAS IT BEEN? WHERE IS IT GOING? |
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NERL's Human Exposure and Atmospheric Sciences Division and other participants in the Public Health Air Surveillance Evaluation (PHASE) project will be discussing their results at ...
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PUBLIC HEALTH AIR SURVEILLANCE EVALUATION (PHASE) - A SUMMARY |
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NERL's Human Exposure and Atmospheric Sciences Division and other participants in the Public Health Air Surveillance Evaluation (PHASE) project will be discussing their results wit...
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PUBLIC HEALTH AIR SURVEILLANCE EVALUATION (PHASE): BACKGROUND AND AIR QUALITY ASPECT |
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NERL's Human Exposure and Atmospheric Sciences Division and other participants in the Public Health Air Surveillance Evaluation (PHASE) project will be discussing their results wit...
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PULMONARY EFFECTS OF OZONE EXPOSURE DURING EXERCISE: DOSE-RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS |
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Because minimal data are available regarding the pulmonary effects of ozone (O3) at levels < 0.27 ppm, six groups of healthy young males were exposed for 2.5 h to one of the follow...
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PULMONARY FUNCTION ADAPTATION TO OZONE IN SUBJECTS WITH CHRONIC BRONCHITIS |
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Twenty smokers with chronic bronchitis were exposed to 0.41 ppm ozone for 3 hr-day for 5 consecutive days and reexposed 4 days later to determine (1) if they are sensitive to ozone...
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PULMONARY FUNCTION AND BRONCHIAL REACTIVITY IN HUMAN SUBJECTS WITH EXPOSURE TO OZONE AND RESPIRABLE SULFURIC ACID AEROSOL |
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A three-year research study was conducted investigating the effects of individual and sequential exposures to ozone and sulfuric acid aerosol on pulmonary function and bronchial re...
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PULMONARY FUNCTION AND SYMPTOM RESPONSES AFTER 6.6-HOUR EXPOSURE TO 0.12 PPM OZONE WITH MODERATE EXERCISE (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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Episodes occasionally occur when ambient ozone (03) levels remain at or near 0.12 ppm for more than 6 h. The hypothesis that prolonged exposure to 0.12 ppm 03 would result in progr...
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PULMONARY FUNCTION IN NORMAL AND ELASTASE-TREATED HAMSTERS EXPOSED TO A COMPLEX MIXTURE OF OLEFIN-OZONE-SULFUR DIOXIDE REACTION PRODUCTS |
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An elastase-induced emphysema model was utilized to determine if hamsters with preexisting lung disease were more susceptible to lung damage from air pollutant exposure. Male golde...
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PULMONARY FUNCTION STUDIES IN THE RAT ADDRESSING CONCENTRATION VERSUS TIME RELATIONSHIPS OF OZONE (O3) |
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Recent data from human studies suggest that the current 1 hr National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for O3 may not be appropriate for exposures of several hours. Animal stud...
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PULMONARY HOST DEFENSE RESPONSES TO INHALATION OF SULFURIC ACID AND OZONE |
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The effects of simultaneous exposure to ozone (O3) and sulfuric acid H2SO, 0.23 m volume median diameter (VMD) and a single exposure to ultrafine H2SO4 under various conditions wer...
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PULMONARY INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE TO INHALED ULTRAFINE PARTICLES IS MODIFIED BY AGE, OZONE EXPOSURE, AND BACTERIAL TOXIN. (R826784) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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PULMONARY INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE TO INHALED ULTRAFINE PARTICLES IS MODIFIED BY AGE, OZONE EXPOSURE, AND BACTERIAL TOXIN. (R827354C005) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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PULMONARY RESPONSE OF WHITE AND BLACK MEN AND WOMEN TO SIX CONCENTRATIONS OF OZONE |
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Many early studies of respiratory responsiveness to ozone (O3) were done on healthy young white males. he purpose of this study was to determine if any gender or race difference in...
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PULMONARY RESPONSE TO THRESHOLD LEVELS OF SULFUR DIOXIDE (1.0 PPM) AND OZONE (0.3 PPM) (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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The authors exposed 22 healthy adult non-smoking men for 2 hours to either filtered air, 1.0 ppm sulfur dioxide, 0.30 ppm ozone or the combination of 1.0 ppm sulfur dioxide plus 0....
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QUALITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION: THE EPA QA PROGRAM |
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Formalized quality assurance (QA) program requirements for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) have been established for more than ten years. uring this period, the envi...
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QUALITY ASSURANCE PERFORMANCE AUDIT REPORT FOR THE SECRETARIA DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE CIUDAD DE MEXICO, DF, MEXICO RED AUTOMATICA DE MONITOREO ATMOSFERICO (RAMA) AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS |
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The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) conducted this evaluation of the air monitoring network, known as RAM (Red Automatica de Monitoreo Atmosferico) at th...
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QUANTIFICATION OF RECA GENE EXPRESSION AS AN INDICATOR OF REPAIR POTENTIAL IN MARINE BACTERIOPLANKTON COMMUNITIES OF ANTARCTICA. |
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Marine bacteria in surface waters must cope daily with the damaging effects of exposure to solar radiation (containing both UV-A and UV-B wavelengths), which produces lesions in th...
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QUANTIFYING ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION DOSE RELATIVE TO WETLAND HABITAT VARIABLES FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF RISK TO AMPHIBIANS |
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Ultraviolet B radiation (UV-B) has increased globally over the last several decades due to reduction of stratospheric ozone. UV-B may also increase when climate change alters cloud...
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R-245CA: A POTENTIAL FAR-TERM ALTERNATIVE FOR R-11 |
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The article discusses 1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane (R-245ca) as a potential far-term alternative for R-11. lthough 1,1-dichloro-2, 2,2-trifluoroethane (R-123) is generally recogniz...
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RADIOCARBON MEASUREMENTS ON PM-2.5 AMBIENT AEROSOL |
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Radiocarbon (14C) measurements provide an estimate of the fraction of carbon in a sample that is biogenic. The methodology has been extensively used in past wintertime studies t...
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RAPID MEASUREMENT OF AQUEOUS HYDROXYL RADICAL CONCENTRATIONS IN STEADY-STATE HO· FLUX SYSTEMS |
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The spin-trap compound a-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-N-tert-butyl-nitrone (4-POBN) is utilized for the detection and quantitation of the hydroxyl radical (HO·) in aqueous solution. Capilla...
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RATES OF DIRECT PHOTOLYSIS IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT |
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Equations are derived that describe the direct photolysis rates of pollutants in the aquatic environment. The equations translate readily obtainable laboratory data into 'half-live...
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REACTION OF OZONE WITH ISOLATED AQUATIC FULVIC ACID |
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Aquatic fulvic acid, isolated from a North Carolina bay lake, was reacted with ozone, an alternative oxidant in drinking water treatment. Ozonated samples were acidified, extracted...
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REACTIONS OF DISSOLVED POLLUTANTS WITH OZONE IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS |
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This research was undertaken to investigate kinetics of liquid phase oxidation of selected hydrocarbons by ozone. Rate constants and orders of the ozonation reactions in aqueous so...
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REACTIONS OF HYDROXYL RADICALS AND OZONE WITH ACENAPHTHENE AND ACENAPHTHYLENE. (R826371C007) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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REACTIONS OF OZONE WITH ORGANICS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS |
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Rates of ozonation of some organic pollutants in the aqueous phase were studied. Experiments were conducted in distilled water with pH varying between 2 and 7; the solution tempera...
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REACTIVE PLUME MODEL--RPM-II: USER'S GUIDE |
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The Reactive Plume Model (RPM-II) is a computerized model used primarily for estimating short-term concentrations of primary and secondary pollutants resulting from point-source em...
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REACTIVE UPTAKE OF OZONE BY OLEIC ACID AEROSOL PARTICLES: APPLICATION OF SINGLE-PARTICLE MASS SPECTROMETRY TO HETEROGENEOUS REACTION KINETICS. (R826767) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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REASSESSMENT OF BIOGENIC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND EMISSIONS IN THE ATLANTA AREA |
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The paper discusses a reassessment of biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions in the Atlanta area, using a new system for specific tree genera at hourly and county leve...
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REASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF OZONE ON U.S. AGRICULTURE |
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The ability of economists to assess the agricultural effects of one important pollutant, tropospheric ozone, has been improved by the recently completed National Crop Loss Assessme...
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RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF TOTAL COLUMN OZONE AT SIX US LOCATIONS/US EPA'S BREWER SPECTROPHOTOMETER NETWORK AND SBUV/2 SATALITE DATA |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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RECEPTOR METHODS FOR VOC SOURCE APPORTIONMENT IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS |
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Receptor methods provide estimates of the impacts of sources on ambient air, primarily from the inter-relationships of measured ambient concentrations of individual air pollutant s...
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RECEPTOR MODELING OF VOLATILE HYDROCARBONS MEASURED IN THE 1990 ATLANTA OZONE PRECURSOR STUDY |
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A very large data base of ambient non-methane hydrocarbons (NMC), measured in Atlanta during summer 1990, is now available. he data base includes hourly measured ambient concentrat...
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RECOMMENDED METHODS FOR AMBIENT AIR MONITORING OF NO, NO2, NOY, AND INDIVIDUAL NOZ SPECIES |
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The most appropriate monitoring methods for reactive nitrogen oxides are identified subject to the requirements for diagnostic testing of air quality simulation models. Measureme...
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RECOVERY OF MUTAGENICITY FROM DISINFECTED WATER SAMPLES BY XAD RESIN ADSORPTION COMPARED TO REVERSE OSMOSIS |
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the presence of a complex misture of disinfection byproducts in drinking waters continues to cause concern over the potential long-term health effects of exposure to these compound...
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REFINED ESTIMATES OF BIOGENIC HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS FOR ATLANTA |
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Biogenic emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCS) reportedly play an important role in ozone non-attainment for Atlanta. o better understand this problem, the Southern Oxidan...
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REFINED PHOTOLYSIS RATES FOR ADVANCED AIR QUALITY MODELING SYSTEM |
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Accurate modeling of photochemistry is critical and fundamental to reducing the uncertainty in air quality model predictions. lmost all chemical reactions in the atmosphere are ini...
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REGIONAL AIR POLLUTION STUDY: EFFECTS OF AIRBORNE SULFUR POLLUTANTS ON MATERIALS |
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Samples of galvanized steel, weathering steel, A1 2014 and 7079 stress samples, silver, marble, nylon and two types of house paint were exposed at nine sites of the Regional Air Mo...
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REGIONAL GROWTH TRENDS OF THREE WESTERN CONIFERS AS RELATED TO OZONE |
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Significant portions of California mixed conifer forests are exposed to and influenced by the large extent of foliar injury. oliar ozone injury to Jeffrey and ponderosa pine is app...
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REGIONAL OXIDANT MODEL (ROM) USER'S GUIDE, PART 1: THE ROM PREPROCESSORS |
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The Regional Oxidant Model (ROM) determines hourly concentrations and fates of zone and 34 other chemical species over a scale of 1000 km x 1000 km for ozone "episodes" of up to on...
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REGIONAL OXIDANT MODEL (ROM) USER'S GUIDE, PART 2: THE ROM PREPROCESSOR NETWORK |
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The Regional Oxidant Model (ROM) determines hourly concentrations and fates of zone and 34 other chemical species over a scale of 1000 km x 1000 km for ozone "episodes" of up to on...
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REGIONAL OXIDANT MODEL (ROM) USER'S GUIDE, PART 3: THE CORE MODEL |
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The Regional Oxidant Model (ROM) determines hourly concentrations and fates of zone and 34 other chemical species over a scale of 1000 km x 1000 km for ozone "episodes" of up to on...
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REGIONAL OXIDANT MODEL MULTI-PROCESSOR (ROMMP) |
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EPA's Regional Oxidant Model (ROM), a three-dimensional model capable of describing photochemical smog on scales of 1000 km, is being used to analyze large-scale pollution patterns...
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REGIONAL OXIDANT MODELING OF THE NORTHEAST U.S. |
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The occurrence of long range and interurban transport of ozone and/or ozone precursors across the Northeast U.S. has been documented by numerous field studies during the last ten y...
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REGIONAL OZONE MODELING IN THE NORTHEASTERN U.S.: SELECTION OF METEOROLOGICAL EPISODES |
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In 1987 a study was initiated of the photochemical smog problem along the Northeast U.S. Corridor. The study (Regional Ozone Modeling for Northeast Transport (ROMNET)), has three m...
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REGIONAL SCALE (1000 KM) MODEL OF PHOTOCHEMICAL AIR POLLUTION. PART 1. THEORETICAL FORMULATION |
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A theoretical framework for a multi-day 1000 km scale simulation model of photochemical oxidant is developed. It is structured in a highly modular form so that eventually the model...
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REGIONAL-SCALE (1000 KM) MODEL OF PHOTOCHEMICAL AIR POLLUTION. PART 3. TESTS OF THE NUMERICAL ALGORITHMS |
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The Regional Oxidant Model (ROM) developed in two earlier reports is applied to a series of hypothetical problems whose exact solutions are known. Comparisons are made between the ...
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REGULATIONS AND RESEARCH RELATED TO VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOCS) - MEETING THE OZONE STANDARD NATIONWIDE BY 2010 |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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RELATIONAHIP BETWEEN AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AND SELECTED BIRTH DEFECTS, SEVEN COUNTY STUDY, TEXAS, 1997-2000 |
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A population-based case-control study investigated the association between maternal exposure to criteria air pollutants, CO, NO2, O3, SO2, and PM10 during weeks three through eight...
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AIR QUALITY AND SELECTED CARDIAC DEFECTS AND ORAL CLEFTS, TEXAS, 1997-2000 |
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One previous study of air quality and birth defects reported associations between carbon monoxide and ozone exposures and selected cardiac defects. To corroborate these results the...
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AND SELECTED BIRTH DEFECTS, SEVEN COUNTY STUDY, TEXAS, 1997-2000 |
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Background and Objectives: A number of epidemiologic investigations have shown adverse effects of ambient air pollution on reproductive outcomes including spontaneous abortion, fe...
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DELIVERED OZONE DOSE AND FUNCTIONAL RESPONSES IN HUMANS |
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The relationship between delivered ozone dose and variability of pulmonary function response to ozone was investigated in 20 young, healthy non-smoking male volunteers. he subjects...
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LUNG FUNCTION AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN YOUNG ADULT BLACK AND WHITE MALES AND FEMALES |
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The relationships of lung function to physical characteristics in young adults have not been adequately described for different gender-race groups in the United States. s part of a...
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PLANT OXIDANT STRESS AND CHANGES BELOW-GROUND: LINKING ROOT AND SOIL PROCESSES |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DIRECTION OF WIND FLOW AND OZONE INFLOW CONCENTRATIONS AT RURAL LOCATIONS OUTSIDE OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI |
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The relationships between the monthly averages of daily 1200-1500 h O3 inflow concentrations and the wind flow direction are evaluated using measurements at rural locations outside...
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RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN NITROGEN OXIDE EMISSIONS FROM ELECTRICAL GENERATING UNITS IN THE U.S. AND METEOROLOGY |
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Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from electrical generating units (EGUs) in the northeast US have declined dramatically during the past few years as a result of a series o...
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RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN OZONE PRECURSOR LEVELS AND RESPONSE TO EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS |
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A detailed analysis of results from the Regional Ozone Modeling for Northeast Transport (ROMNET) study has been conducted to examine the conditions under which alternative control ...
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RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PEROXYACETYL NITRATE (PAN), O3, AND NOY AT THE RURAL SOUTHERN OXIDANTS STUDY SITE IN CENTRAL PIEDMONT, NORTH CAROLINA SITE SONIA |
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Ambient peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), ozone (O3), total oxides of nitrogen (NOy) and other pollutant measurements were made at a rural site near Candor, North Carolina during the Jun...
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RELATIONSHIPS INVOLVING FINE PARTICLE MASS, FINE PARTICLE SULFUR AND OZONE DURING EPISODIC PERIODS AT SITES IN AND AROUND ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI |
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A number of investigations have been published on relationships involving particulate sulfate over regions of North America. Elevated concentrations of sulfate and ozone have been ...
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RELIABLE OZONE DISINFECTION USING OFF-GAS CONTROL |
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The electrical energy used in manufacturing ozone constitutes a major part of the operating cost of disinfection. The paper presents a control strategy that combines use of off-gas...
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REMOTE SENSING OF OZONE USING AN INFRARED DIFFERENTIAL ABSORPTION SYSTEM |
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A prototype airborne downlooking infrared differential absorption system using CO2 TEA (transverse excited atmospheric) lasers is described. The system uses two wavelengths and top...
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REMOVAL OF COLOR, DETERGENTS, AND OTHER REFRACTORY SUBSTANCES FROM TEXTILE WASTEWATER |
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The report gives results of laboratory and pilot scale research to determine the effectiveness and economic feasibility of various physicochemical tertiary treatments in removing c...
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REMOVAL OF MTBE FROM WATER WITH ZEOLITES |
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MTBE has impacted public drinking water wells from releases of gasoline making the water non-potable. MTBE is highly soluble in water, has a low volatility, does not adsorb strongl...
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REMOVAL OF ORGANICS FROM DRINKING WATER |
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Organic contamination of drinking water is basically caused by two general classes of organics; man-made synthetic organics and disinfection of naturally occurring organics (disinf...
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REMOVAL OF SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS IN DRINKING WATER: RASCO, INC. ADVANCED SIMULTANEOUS OXIDATION PROCESS (ASOP) |
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The RASco, Inc. ASOP Drinking Water Treatment Module was tested at NSF’s Laboratory for the reduction of the following chemicals of concern: aldicarb, benzene, carbofuran, chlorof...
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REMOVAL OF VIRUS FROM PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES |
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The objectives of the research were to quantitatively determine naturally occurring human enterovirus levels in a raw drinking water source and to determine the capability of vario...
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REMOVING ORGANICS FROM PHILADELPHIA DRINKING WATER BY COMBINED OZONATION AND ADSORPTION |
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This project was conducted on both a pilot and laboratory scale to understand the effects of ozonation and the relationship between adsorption and biological activity during water ...
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REMOVING TRIHALOMETHANES FROM DRINKING WATER - AN OVERVIEW OF TREATMENT TECHNIQUES |
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In 1974 trihalomethanes (chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, and bromoform) were discovered to be formed during the disinfection step of drinking water if free ...
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REPEATED EXPOSURES OF HUMAN RESPIRATORY EPITHELIAL CELLS TO OZONE SENSITIZES THE EFFECTS INDUCED BY SUBSEQUENT CHALLENGES TO AIR POLLUTANTS |
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Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) plays an integral role in innate immunity through the recognition of and response to viral infections. Our previous findings have shown that exposure t...
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REPORT OF THE DECEMBER 15, 1999 EPA SATELLITE FORUM ON OZONE MONITORING, MAPPING AND PUBLIC OUTREACH |
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This report provides a summary of the US EPA's December 15, 1999 satellite forum on technology transfer tools for ozone monitoring, mapping, and public outreach under the EPA Envir...
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REPORT TO CONGRESS: ASSESSMENT OF INTERNATIONAL AIR POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL TECHNOLOGY VOLUME 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY |
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The report gives results of a study that identifies new and innovative air pollution prevention and/or control technologies, of selected industrialized countries, that are not curr...
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REPORT TO CONGRESS: ASSESSMENT OF INTERNATIONAL AIR POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL TECHNOLOGY VOLUME 2. TECHNICAL REPORT |
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The report gives results of a study that identifies new and innovative air pollution prevention and/or control technologies, of selected industrialized countries, that are not curr...
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REPRODUCIBILITY OF INDIVIDUAL RESPONSES TO OZONE EXPOSURE |
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Because large intersubject differences in the magnitudes of response to a single ozone (03) exposure have been observed, the authors undertook to determine if this variability were...
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RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN DRINKING WATER TECHNOLOGY: A PROGRESS REPORT |
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The Safe Drinking Water Act and its Amendments (SDWAA) have given EPA an aggressive standard setting agenda. The agenda, if carried out fully, will impact on water utilities in the...
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS, 1977 |
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The results described in the report represent but a few of the projects supported by the Office of Research and Development in 1977. The program ranges from direct support to EPA's...
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RESEARCH ISSUES IDENTIFIED THROUGH THE USE OF MATHEMATICAL DOSIMETRY MODELS: OZONE |
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Knowledge of dose is a fundamental starting point in the evaluation of the toxicity of chemicals, not only for interspecies comparisons but also for designing experiments that eluc...
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RESEARCH NEEDED TO IMPROVE HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENTS FOR OZONE (SECOND EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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Ozone is one of six criteria air pollutants whose ambient concentrations are regulated under the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) established by the U.S. Clean Air Ac...
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RESEARCH NOTE: INTERFERENCES DUE TO OZONE-SCAVENGING REAGENTS IN THE GC-ECD DETERMINATION OF ALDEHYDES AND KETONS AS THE O-(2,3,4,5,6-PENTAFLUOROBENZYL)OXIMES |
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Six potential ozone-scavenging reagents were tested for possible interference in the GC-ECD determination of aldehydes and ketones after derivatization with O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluor...
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RESIDUAL OXIDANT DECAY AND BROMATE FORMATION IN CHLORINATED AND OZONATED SEA-WATER |
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Oxidant decay and bromate formation were studied under light and dark conditions in 5, 15 and 30% artificial sea-water and approximately equal to 5% natural estuarine water followi...
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RESPIRATORY DAMAGE IN CHILDREN EXPOSED TO URBAN POLLUTION |
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Southwest Metropolitan Mexico City (SWMMC) children are chronically exposed to complex mixtures of air pollutants. In a cross-sectional arm of our study, we investigated the as...
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RESPIRATORY EFFECTS OF LOW LEVEL OZONE EXPOSURE: CLINICAL STUDIES |
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The purpose of the paper is to review results of some of the controlled chamber studies of humans exposed to ozone. The respiratory effects which are known to occur during and foll...
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RESPIRATORY EFFECTS ON POPULATION FROM LOW-LEVEL EXPOSURES TO OZONE |
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A symptom stratified, geographic cluster sample of 117 middleclass households (211 subjects) was studied in Tucson, AZ. Daily symptom diaries and peak flows were obtained. Included...
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RESPIRATORY EPITHELIAL CELLS DISPLAY POLARITY IN THEIR RELEASE OF THE CHEMOKINE IL-8 AFTER EXPOSURE TO OZONE. (R825268) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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RESPIRATORY RESPONSE OF HUMAN EXPOSED TO LOW LEVELS OF OZONE FOR 6.6 HOURS |
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Recent evidence suggests that prolonged exposures of exercising men to 0.08 ppm ozone (O3) result in significant decrements in lung function, induction of respiratory symptoms, and...
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RESPIRATORY RESPONSES IN HUMANS REPEATEDLY EXPOSED TO LOW CONCENTRATIONS OF OZONE 1-3 |
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The effect of repeated daily exposure to low concentration of ozone was studied in healthy adult males to answer 2 questions: (1) Is there a cumulative effect of exposure to ozone ...
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RESPIRATORY RESPONSES OF ASTHMATICS TO OZONE |
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Asthma is a clinical condition, the symptoms of which include intermittent shortness of breath and wheezing, chest tightness and cough. sthma affects an estimated 2-5 million child...
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RESPIRATORY RESPONSES OF SUBJECTS WITH ALLERGIC RHINITIS TO OZONE EXPOSURE AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO NONSPECIFIC AIRWAY REACTIVITY |
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Ozone exposure in man produces changes in respiratory function and symptoms. There is a large degree of unexplained intersubject variability in the magnitude of these responses. Th...
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RESPIRATORY RESPONSES OF VIGOROUSLY EXERCISING CHILDREN TO 0.12 PPM OZONE EXPOSURE |
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Changes in respiratory function have been suggested for children exposed to less than 0.12 ppm ozone (O3) while engaged in normal activities. Because the results of these studies h...
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RESPIRATORY RESPONSES TO REPEATED PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO 0.12 PPM OZONE |
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Repeated exposures to high concentrations of ozone results first in augmentation and then attenuation of pulmonary response in humans. o determine the effects of repeated prolonged...
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RESPIRATORY TRACT DOSIMETRY OF (18)0-LABELED OZONE IN RATS: IMPLICATIONS FOR A RAT-HUMAN EXTRAPOLATION OF OZONE DOSE |
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Efforts to obtain a comparison between rats and humans of the dose of inhaled ozone (O3) delivered to the lungs during O3 exposure has been impeded because of the lack of data on t...
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RESPONSE OF BUSH BEAN EXPOSED TO ACID MIST |
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Bush bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Contender) were treated once a week for six weeks with simulated acid mist at five pH ranging from 5.5 to 2.0. Leaf injury developed on ...
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RESPONSE OF FOREST TREES TO SULFUR, NITROGEN, AND ASSOCIATED POLLUTANTS |
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The National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program created Forest Response Program (FRP) to assess the effects of acidic deposition on trees and forests in regions of the United St...
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RESPONSE OF HUMAN CILIATED RESPIRATORY EPITHELIUM TO BRIEF IN VIVO OZONE EXPOSURE: AN ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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Ciliated nasal epithelium obtained from human volunteers exposed under controlled conditions to 0.4 ppm of ozone for four hours was examined by transmission electron microscopy. Th...
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RESPONSE OF PLANT COMMUNITIES TO MULTIPLE STRESSES |
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Single species tests lack the ecological realism necessary to predict the effects of toxicants in natural environments. Field tests are expensive and the results can be difficult ...
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RESPONSE OF RICE PLANTS FROM DIFFERENT REGIONS TO ULTRAVIOLET-B RADIATION |
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A result of stratospheric ozone depletion from increased ultraviolet-B radiation has damaging effects on several plant physiological processes. Species and varietal differences hav...
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RESPONSE OF SOLUBLE SUGARS AND STARCH IN FIELD-GROWN COTTON TO OZONE, WATER STRESS AND THEIR COMBINATION |
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Ozone (O3) stress is known to reduce the growth and yield of a number of crops a.nd water stress can modify the extent of the effects. oth O3 and water stress alter the carbohydrat...
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RESPONSE OF STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE TO DROUGHT IN PONDEROSA PINE: IMPLICATIONS FOR CARBON AND OZONE UPTAKE. (R826601) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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RESPONSE OF TURNIPS TO CHRONIC DOSES OF OZONE IN OPEN-TOP FIELD CHAMBERS |
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Turnips Brassica rapa L., were exposed to chronic doses of ozone(O3) by adding different amounts of O3 for 7 h a day to non-filtered air in open-top field chambers. One cultivar(To...
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RESPONSES OF SUBJECTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AFTER EXPOSURES TO 0.3 PPM OZONE |
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The authors previously reported (1982) that the respiratory mechanics of intermittently exercising persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were unaffected by a 2-...
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RESTRICTIVE LUNG DISEASE IN RATS EXPOSED CHRONICALLY TO AN URBAN PROFILE OF OZONE |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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RESULTS OF PHOTOCHEMICAL SIMULATIONS OF SUBGRID SCALE POINT SOURCE EMISSIONS WITH THE MODELS-3 CMAQ MODELING SYSTEM |
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The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) / Plume-in-Grid (PinG) model was applied on a domain encompassing the greater Nashville, Tennessee region. Model simulations were per...
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RESULTS OF RESEARCH RELATED TO STRATOSPHERIC OZONE PROTECTION |
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Research on ozone protection has been coordinated under the Biological and Climatic Effects Research (BACER) Program. This is a multiagency, multidisciplinary effort initially fund...
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RESULTS OF RESEARCH RELATED TO STRATOSPHERIC OZONE PROTECTION - REPORT TO CONGRESS |
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This is the second EPA report to Congress on federal research required biennially under Section 153(g) of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977 (Public Law 95-95). It emphasizes the...
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RESULTS OF THE NATIONWIDE DBP OCCURRENCE STUDY: IDENTIFICATION OF NEW AND INTERESTING DBPS |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) are formed when disinfectants, such as chlorine, react with natural organic matter and bromide present in the water. Chloroform was ...
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REVIEW OF CONTROL OPTIONS FOR METHYL BROMIDE IN COMMODITY TREATMENT |
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The report describes recent developments in the control of methyl bromide (MeBr) and discusses technical considerations and requirements for and economic feasibility of recovery. (...
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REVIEW OF CRITERIA FOR VAPOR-PHASE HYDROCARBONS |
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Information on vapor-phase hydrocarbons presented in this document covers basic atmospheric chemistry relative to secondary products, especially ozone; sources and emissions; ambie...
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REVIEW OF THE GOVERNING EQUATIONS, COMPUTATIONAL ALGORITHMS, AND OTHER COMPONENTS OF THE MODELS-3 COMMUNITY MULTISCALE AIR QUALITY (CMAQ) MODELING SYSTEM |
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This article describes the governing equations, computational algorithms, and other components entering into the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system. This syst...
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REVIEW OF UCR (UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-RIVERSIDE) PROTOCOL FOR DETERMINATION OF OH (HYDROXYL RADICALS) RATE CONSTANTS WITH VOC (VOLATILE ORGANIC CHEMICALS) AND ITS APPLICABILITY TO PREDICT PHOTOCHEMICAL OZONE PRODUCTION |
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The experimental protocol for determining the rate constants for reactions of hydroxyl radicals (OH) with volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) as developed by the University of Califo...
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REVIEW OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND SOURCE APPORTIONMENT BY CHEMICAL MASS BALANCE. (R826237) |
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The chemical mass balance (CMB) receptor model has apportioned volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in more than 20 urban areas, mostly in the United States. These applications dif...
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RISK ASSESSMENT FOR THE EFFECTS OF SOLAR RADIATION ON AMPHIBIANS |
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Recent studies have demonstrated that exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) can cause mortality and increase the occurrence of eye and limb malformation in some species of ...
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ROLE OF BIOGENIC ORGANICS IN THE SOUTHEAST OZONE PROBLEM. PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENTS AND IMPLICATIONS |
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Literature review and modeling studies were performed to assess the role of biogenic VOC emissions in the uhotochemical ozone problem of urban areas. he assessment effort focussed ...
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ROLE OF DISINFECTANT CONCENTRATION AND PH IN THE INACTIVATION KINETICS OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM OOCYSTS WITH OZONE AND MONOCHLORAMINE. (R826830) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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ROLE OF INTERLEUKIN-1 SIGNALING IN OZONE-INDUCED AIRWAY INFLAMMATION. (R827447) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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ROLE OF MUTAGENICITY IN DETERMINING DRINKING WATER QUALITY |
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This paper will discuss the mutagenicity of water samples following several alternative treatment processes and possible correlations with the presence of disinfection by-products....
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ROLE OF NITROGEN OXIDES IN NONURBAN OZONE FORMATION IN THE PLANETARY BOUNDARY LAYER OVER N (NORTH) AMERICA, W (WESTERN) EUROPE AND ADJACENT AREAS OF OCEAN |
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The status of knowledge on photochemical ozone formation and the effects of nitrogen oxides and peroxyacyl nitrates on such formation has been evaluated. The literature is reviewed...
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ROLE OF TACHYKININS IN OZONE-INDUCED ACUTE LUNG INJURY |
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To examine the hypothesis that the acute, reversible changes caused by O3 exposure are mediated by techykinin release, guinea pigs were depleted of tachykinins using repeated capsa...
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ROLE OF TOLL LIKE RECEPTORS ON PULMONARY INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES TO SIZE FRACTIONATED COMBUSTION AND AMBIENT AIR PARTICLES. |
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C3H/HeJ mice feature a single point mutation in the Toll like receptor 4 gene which renders these animals resistant to a number of pro-inflammatory agents including lipopolysacchar...
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ROOT DETACHMENT, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, AND SHOOT LIGHT ENVIRONMENT AS DETERMINANTS OF ROOT RESPIRATION IN PONDEROSA PINE |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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ROTATED PRINCIPLE COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF TOTAL COLUMN OZONE OBTAINED FOR TOMS FOR 1984-1989 |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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ROUTINE ESTIMATION AND REPORTING OF DRY DEPOSITION FOR THE U.S.A. DRY DEPOSITION NETWORK |
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A National Dry Deposition Network (NDDN) was established in the United States during 1986 to document the magnitude, spatial variability, and trends in dry deposition of ozone and ...
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RURAL OZONE ACROSS THE EASTERN UNITED STATES: ANALYSIS OF CASTNET DATA 1988-1995 |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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RURAL OZONE: TRENDS AND EXCEEDANCES AT CASTNET SITES |
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Emission reductions were mandated in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 with the exceptation that they would result in major reductions in the concentrations of atmospherically t...
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Reactions of thiocarbamate, triazine and urea herbicides, RDX and benzenes on EPA Contaminant Candidate List with ozone and with hydroxyl radicals |
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Second-order rate constants of the direct ozone reactions (kO3,M) and the indirect OH radical reactions (kOH,M) for nine chemicals on the US EPA’s Drinking Wa...
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SAMPLING AND DETERMINATION OF GAS-PHASE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE FOLLOWING REMOVAL OF OZONE BY GAS-PHASE REACTION WITH NITRIC OXIDE |
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A method for determination of hydrogen peroxide in the ambient atmosphere is described, using impinger or diffusion scrubber collection of hydrogen peroxide with aqueous-phase anal...
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SCIENTIFIC LINKAGES IN GLOBAL CHANGE |
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In the atmosphere, certain trace gases both promote global warming and deplete the ozone layer. he primary radiatively active trace gases, those that affect global warming, are car...
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SCOPING THE CHEMICALS IN YOUR DRINKING WATER |
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Chlorine, the most common drinking water disinfectant in the United States, is effective for killing harmful microorganisms, but it produces a few disinfection byproducts (DBPS) ab...
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SCREENING LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF GASOLINE OXYGENATE ALTERNATIVES |
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Currently, the U.S. is considering options for additives to reformulated gasoline. To inform this debate the U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development is conducting a screenin...
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SCREENING LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF OXYGENATED GASOLINE ALTERNATIVES |
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Currently, the U.S. is considering options for additives to reformulated gasoline. To inform this debate the U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development is conducting a screening ...
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SEASONAL AND ANNUAL BIOGENIC EMISSION INVENTORIES FOR THE U.S. AND CANADA |
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The paper summarizes methods and results used to develop inventory for the U.S. and Canada, used to assess the role of biogenic emissions in ozone formation. Emission inventories w...
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SEASONAL AND ANNUAL MODELING OF REDUCED NITROGEN COMPOUNDS OVER THE EASTERN UNITED STATES: EMISSIONS, AMBIENT LEVELS, AND DEPOSITION AMOUNTS |
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Detailed description of the distributions and seasonal trends of atmospheric nitrogen compounds is of considerable interest given their role in formation of acidic substances, trop...
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SEASONAL AND REGIONAL AIR QUALITY AND ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION IN THE EASTERN US |
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Dry concentration and dry and wet deposition of selected air pollutants monitored over two 5-year periods in the 1990s at or near 34 rural Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CAST...
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SEASONAL CHANGES IN ABOVE- AND BELOWGROUND CARBOHYDRATE CONCENTRATIONS OF PONDEROSA PINE ALONG A POLLUTION GRADIENT |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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SEASONAL CHANGES IN ROOT AND SOIL RESPIRATION OF OZONE-EXPOSED PONDEROSA PINE (PINUS PONDEROSA) GROWN IN DIFFERENT SUBSTRATES |
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Exposure to(ozone 0-3)has been shown to decrease the allocation of carbon to tree roots. Decreased allocation of carbon to roots might disrupt root metabolism and rhizosphere organ...
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SEASONAL MODELING OF REGIONAL OZONE POLLUTION IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES. (R826372) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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SEASONAL MODELING OF THE EXPORT OF POLLUTANTS FROM NORTH AMERICA USING THE MULTI-SCALE AIR QUALITY SIMULATION PLATFORM (MAQSIP) |
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Attention in recent years has focused on the trans-boundary transport of ozone and fine particulate matte between the United States and Mexico and Canada and across state boundarie...
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SEASONAL VARIABILITY OF OZONE MIXING RATIOS AND BUDGETS IN THE TROPICAL SOUTHERN PACIFIC: A GCTM PERSPECTIVE. (R826384) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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SEASONAL VARIATIONS OF NITRIC OXIDE FLUX FROM AGRICULTURAL SOILS IN THE SOUTHEAST UNITED STATES |
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Fluxes of nitric oxide (NO) were measured from the summer of 1994 to the spring of 1995 from an intensively managed agricultural soil using a dynamic flow through chamber technique...
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SEEDLING INSENSITIVITY TO OZONE FOR THREE CONIFER SPECIES NATIVE TO GREAT SMOKEY MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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SEEDLING RESPONSE TO SULFUR, NITROGEN, AND ASSOCIATED POLLUTANTS |
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In 1986, the National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP) established the Forest Response Program (FRP) to assess the effects of acidic deposition and associated pollutan...
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SEMINAR PUBLICATION: ORGANIC AIR EMISSIONS FROM WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES |
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The organic chemicals contained in wastes processed during waste management operations can volatilize into the atmosphere and cause toxic or carcinogenic effects or contribute to o...
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SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF A NESTED OZONE AIR QUALITY MODEL |
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A series of Urban Airshed Model (UAM) simulations were performed using inputs derived from Regional Oxidant Model (ROM) data files. The gridded ROM results employed in the UAM simu...
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SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF TROPOSPHERIC OZONE TO MODIFIED BIOGENIC EMISSIONS FOR THE MID-ATLANTIC REGION. (R828731) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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SENSITIVITY OF A REGIONAL OXIDANT MODEL TO VARIATIONS IN CLIMATE PARAMETERS, VOLUME I AND II |
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In order to investigate the sensitivity of ozone concentrations to future climate variations, a regional oxidant model was applied for future climate scenarios to two regions: one ...
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SENSITIVITY OF IMPORTANT WESTERN CONIFER SPECIES TO SO2 AND SEASONAL INTERACTION OF ACID FOG AND OZONE |
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The increased concern for forest health and the role of anthropogenic deposition, including acidic/wet deposition and gaseous air pollutants, has led to the need to understand whic...
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SENSITIVITY OF LUNGS OF AGING FISCHER 344 RATS TO OZONE: ASSESSMENT BY BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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SENSITIVITY OF MODELED OZONE CONCENTRATIONS TO UNCERTAINTIES IN BIOGENIC EMISSIONS |
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This study examines the sensitivity of regional ozone (O3) modeling to uncertainties in biogenic emissions estimates. he United States Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Regio...
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SENSITIVITY OF OZONE AND AEROSOL PREDICTIONS TO THE TRANSPORT ALGORITHMS IN THE MODELS-3 COMMUNITY MULTI-SCALE AIR QUALITY (CMAQ) MODELING SYSTEM |
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EPA's Models-3 CMAQ system is intended to provide a community modeling paradigm that allows continuous improvement of the one-atmosphere modeling capability in a unified fashion. C...
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SENSITIVITY OF REGIONAL OXIDANT MODEL PREDICTIONS TO PROGNOSTIC AND DIAGNOSTIC METEOROLOGICAL FIELDS |
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Objective analysis and diagnostic methods are used to provide hourly meteorological fields to many air quality simulation models. he viability of using prognostic predictions from ...
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SENSITIVITY OF REGIONAL OZONE MODELING TO BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS |
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The sensitivity of regional ozone concentrations to biogenic hydrocarbons in the Northeastern U.S. is examined. ix day period from July 1980 is simulated with an Eulerian grid phot...
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SENSITIVITY OF THE CMAQ MERCURY MODEL TO GAS-PHASE OXIDATION CHEMISTRY |
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Simulations of the Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model for mercury have shown the vast majority of the mercury deposited in the United States to be in the form of oxidiz...
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SENSITIVITY OF THE NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION MULTILAYER MODEL TO INSTRUMENT ERROR AND PARAMETERIZATION UNCERTAINTY |
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The response of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration multilayer inferential dry deposition velocity model (NOAA-MLM) to error in meteorological inputs and model pa...
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SENSITIVITY OF THE REGIONAL OXIDANT MODEL TO METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS |
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A variety of non-emissions-related sensitivity and shock tests are performed on the Regional Oxidant Model (ROM) version 2.2, a regional-scale, three-layer, Eulerian-grid air quali...
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SENSITIVITY OF THE UAM TO BOUNDARY CONDITIONS |
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To comply with the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, grid-based photochemical models such as the Urban Airshed Model (UAM) are being used in developing emission control policies to al...
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SENSORY, PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE CHEMICAL SENSES IN HUMAN EXPOSURE RESEARCH |
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Abstract
The examination of the effects of odors on humans is not a simple task. It involves consideration of sensory, psychological, and psychophysiological aspects ...
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SHEDDING LIGHT ON CORALS HEALTH: INTERACTIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND SOLAR RADIATION WITH BLEACHING |
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Coral bleaching and declines in coral reef health in recent years have been attributed in part to processes driven by UV and/or visible light. For coral assemblages, exposure to U...
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SHOULD LATITUDINAL ATMOSPHERIC TRACE VAPOR CONCENTRATIONS BE REPORTED ON A MASS DENSITY BASIS? |
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For the past several decades the issue of global atmospheric trace vapor migration has been of concern to environmental professionals concerned with global distillation/cold conden...
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SIGNIFICANCES OF THE VARIABILITY OF AIRWAY PATHS AND THEIR AIR FLOW RATES TO DOSIMETRY MODEL PREDICTIONS OF THE ABSORPTION OF GASES |
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The ozone dosimetry model developed at EPA was developed to be used in conjunction with species lung models that summarize the structure of a lung as a lung of many equivalent path...
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SIMILARITY BETWEEN MAN AND LABORATORY ANIMALS IN REGIONAL PULMONARY DEPOSITION OF OZONE |
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Predicted pulmonary ozone (O3) dose curves obtained by model analysis of the transport and removal of O3 in the lungs of guinea pigs, rabbits, and man indicate that a general simil...
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SIMULATED EFFECTS OF HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS CONTROLS ON SEASONAL OZONE LEVELS IN THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES: A PRELIMINARY STUDY |
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The second generation Regional Oxidant Model (ROM2) was used to simulate ozone concentrations in the Northeastern United States over two week periods in each of three months: April...
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SIMULATED ROOT DYNAMICS OF A 160-YEAR-OLD SUGAR MAPLE (ACER SACCHARUM MARSH.) TREE WITH AND WITHOUT OZONE EXPOSURE USING THETREGRO MODEL |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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SIMULATING REGIONAL-SCALE AIR QUALITY WITH DYNAMIC CHANGES IN REGIONAL CLIMATE AND CHEMICAL BOUNDARY CONDITIONS |
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This poster compares air quality modeling simulations under current climate and a future (approximately 2050) climate scenario. Differences in predicted ozone episodes and daily a...
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SIMULATING REGIONAL-SCALE OZONE CLIMATOLOGY OVER THE EASTERN UNITED STATES (R828733) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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SIMULATION OF DISPERSION OF A POWER PLANT PLUME USING AN ADAPTIVE GRID ALGORITHM |
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A new dynamic adaptive grid algorithm has been developed for use in air quality modeling. This algorithm uses a higher order numerical scheme?the piecewise parabolic method (PPM)?f...
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SIMULATION OF DISPERSION OF A POWER PLANT PLUME USING AN ADAPTIVE GRID ALGORITHM. (R827028) |
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A new dynamic adaptive grid algorithm has been developed for use in air quality modeling. This algorithm uses a higher order numerical scheme––the piecewise parabo...
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SIMULATION OF OZONE EFFECTS ON EIGHT TREE SPECIES AT SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK |
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As part of an assessment of potential effects of air pollutants on the vegetation of Shenandoah National Park (SHEN), we simulated the growth of eight important tree species using ...
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SIMULATION OF PERFORMANCE OF CHLORINE-FREE FLUORINATED ETHERS AND FLUORINATED HYDROCARBONS TO REPLACE CFC-11 AND CFC-114 IN CHILLERS |
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The paper discusses simulation of the performance of chlorine-free fluorinated ethers and fluorinated hydrocarbons as potential long-term replacements for CFC-11 and -114. odeling ...
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SIMULATION RESULTS OF SINGLE REFRIGERANTS FOR USE IN A DUAL-CIRCUIT REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER |
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The paper reviews the refrigerant/freezer (RF) design and refrigerant selection process that is necessary to design an energy efficient RF that does not use fully halogenated chlor...
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SIMULTANEOUS CALIBRATION OF OPEN-PATH AND CONVENTIONAL POINT MONITORS FOR MEASURING AMBIENT AIR CONCENTRATIONS OF SULPHUR DIOXIDE, OZONE, AND NITROGEN DIOXIDE |
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A two-stage dilution system and an associated procedure to simultaneously calibrate both open-path (long-path) and conventional point air monitors have been used successfully durin...
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SIZE-MEDIATED FOLIAR RESPONSE TO OZONE IN BLACK CHERRY TREES |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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SMALL SYSTEMS MEET SUPERFUND CHALLENGE WITH POINT-OF-ENTRY TREATMENT UNITS |
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Several small systems and individual homeowners have been faced with the task of treating their groundwater that has been contaminated with various organic contaminants. ontaminati...
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SMOG CHAMBER EXPERIMENTS TO TEST OXIDANT RELATED CONTROL STRATEGY ISSUES |
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Outdoor smog chamber experiments were performed to address various issues relating to ozone (O3) production and oxidant control strategies. Temperature effects on single hydrocarbo...
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SMOG CHAMBER STUDIES ON PHOTOCHEMICAL AEROSOL-PRECURSOR RELATIONSHIPS |
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An experimental program was conducted in which controlled atmospheres containing water vapor, CO, NOx (NO + NO2), and a constant distribution of 17 hydrocarbons (NMHC) were irradia...
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SMOG CHAMBERS: A TOOL TO EXAMINE EFFECTS OF PHOTOCHEMICALLY AGED AIR POLLUTANTS ON BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS |
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Irradiative exposure chambers or 'Smog chambers' have been used at the University of North Carolina for over 30 years to study photochemically active mixtures of volatile organic c...
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SMOG-CHAMBER TOXICOLOGY BETTER ESTIMATES THE TRUE TOXIC POTENTIAL OF ATMOSPHERIC MIXTURES |
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The chemistry of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) have been studied for many years, yet little is known about how these chemicals, once interacted with urban atmospheres, affect hea...
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SOA YIELDS AND ORGANIC PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION FROM NATURAL HYDROCARBON/NOX IRRADIATIONS |
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Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) typically comprises one-quarter to one-third of the ambient aerosol mass in summertime urban atmospheres. In tropospheric environments, the main ...
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SOIL RESPIRED D13C SIGNATURES REFLECT ROOT EXUDATE OR ROOT TURNOVER SIGNATURES IN AN ELEVATED CO2 AND OZONE MESOCOSM EXPERIMENT |
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Bulk tissue and root and soil respired d13C signatures were measured throughout the soil profile in a Ponderosa Pine mesocosm experiment exposed to ambient and elevated CO2 concent...
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SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF OZONE FORMATION IN THE URBAN PLUME OF ST. LOUIS, MO. (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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The O3 measurements from the RAMS monitoring network in St. Louis in the upwind and downwind wind flow direction have been used to evaluate the impact of the urban plume of St. Lou...
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SOURCE RECONCILIATION OF AMBIENT VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS MEASURED IN THE ATLANTA 1990 SUMMER STUDY: THE MOBILE SOURCE COMPONENT |
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A field study of precursors to the formation of ozone was conducted in Atlanta during summer, 1990, in which average concentrations of C2 - C10 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) he...
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SOURCE-SINK BALANCE AND CARBON ALLOCATION BELOW GROUND IN PLANTS EXPOSED TO OZONE |
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The role of tropospheric ozone in altering plant growth and development has been the subject of thousands of publications over the last several decades. Still, there is limited un...
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SOURCE-SINK BALANCE AND CARBON ALLOCATION BELOW GROUND IN PLANTS EXPOSED TO OZONE |
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The role of tropospheric ozone in altering plant growth and development has been the subject of thousands of publications and dozens of reviews over the last several decades. Ther...
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SOURCES AND SINKS OF RADIATIVELY IMPORTANT TRACE GASES IN THE BIOSPHERE |
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The overall goals of process-level investigations of the sources and sinks of trace gases are to improve capabilities to: 1) determine both current and potential global contributio...
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SOURCES OF ORGANIC ACIDS IN INDOOR AIR: A FIELD STUDY |
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Simultaneous indoor and outdoor measurements of organic acids were made at six residential houses located in suburban New Jersey area during the summer of 1992. ach house was measu...
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SPACE AND TIME SCALES IN AMBIENT OZONE DATA. (R825260) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF NON-URBAN OZONE CONCENTRATIONS OVER THE EASTERN UNITED STATES USING ROTATED PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS |
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The spatial and temporal variability of 03 concentrations over the eastern United States during the period of 1985 through 1990 was examined through the use of a multivariate stati...
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SPATIAL MAPPING OF PREFERRED STRATEGIES FOR REDUCING AMBIENT OZONE CONCENTRATIONS NATIONWIDE |
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This report describes and evaluates a generic type mechanism that is data driven and characterizes the relative merits of VOC and NOx control strategies for reducing ozone levels i...
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SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF OZONE AND OTHER POLLUTANTS AT ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI |
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A network of 25 aerometric stations was part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Regional Air Pollution Study (RAPS) in the greater St. Louis area. At these stations ozon...
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SPATIAL VARIATION IN OZONE CONCENTRATIONS IN PHOENIX, AZ FOR 1997 |
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This report examines spatial patterns in daily maximum ground-level ozone (O3) concentrations measured by a network of monitors across the Phoenix metropolitan area in 1...
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SPATIOTEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF TOTAL COLUMN OZONE DERIVED FROM TOMS USING ROTATED PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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SPECIATE - EPA'S DATABASE OF SPECIATED EMISSION PROFILES |
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SPECIATE is the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) repository of total organic compound (TOC) and particulate matter (PM) speciation profiles for emissions from air pollu...
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SPECIES COMPARISON OF ACUTE INHALATION TOXICITY OF OZONE AND PHOSGENE |
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A comparison of the concentration-response effects of inhaled ozone (O3) in different species of laboratory animals was made in order to better understand the influence of the choi...
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SPIROMETRIC RESPONSE TO OZONE (O3) IN YOUNG ADULTS AS A FUNCTION OF BODY MAASS INDEX (BMI) |
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Recent studies in murine models of obesity have shown enhanced responsiveness to ozone in obese vs. lean mice. To assess whether previous human ozone exposure data from our laborat...
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STANDARD PRACTICE FOR FULL-SCALE CHAMBER DETERMINATION OF VOLATILE ORAGNIC EMISSIONS FROM INDOOR MATERIALS/PRODUCTS |
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The Practice is intended for determining volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from materials and products (building materials, material systems, furniture, consumer products, ...
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STANDARD REFERENCE PHOTOMETER NETWORK FOR VERIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF OZONE STANDARDS |
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A nationwide network of regionally located Standard Reference Photometers (SRP) for the assay of ozone concentrations has been established to allow state and local air monitoring a...
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STATIONARY SOURCE CHARACTERIZATION AND CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR REACTIVE VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS |
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The paper provides a brief overview of the sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and of the control technologies which may be used to control these emissions. VOCs are emitt...
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STATISTICAL METHOD FOR DETECTION OF A TREND IN ATMOSPHERIC SULFATE |
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Daily atmospheric concentrations of sulfate collected in northeastern Pennsylvania are regressed against meteorological factors, ozone, and time in order to determine if a signific...
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STATUS OF RESEARCH ON AIR QUALITY: MERCURY, TRACE ELEMENTS, AND PARTICULATE MATTER. (R827649) |
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The Air Quality Conference reviewed the state of science and policy on the pollutants mercury, trace elements, and particulate matter (PM) in the environment. Critical issues de...
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STATUS OF SEMI-CONTINUOUS MONITORING INSTRUMENTATION FOR GAS AND WATER SOLUBLE PARTICLE COMPONENTS NEEDED FOR DIAGNOSTIC TESTING OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SIMULATION MODELS |
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This status report documents the effort by the National Exposure Research Laboratory (NERL), Office of Research and Development (ORD) of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ...
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STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE AND TRANSPIRATIONAL RESPONSES OF FIELD-GROWN COTTON TO OZONE |
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Stomatal conductance and transpiration were measured on normally-irrigated and water-stressed field-grown cotton (Grossypium hirsutum) exposed throughout the growing season to a gr...
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STRATOSPHERIC OZONE DEPLETION: A FOCUS ON EPA'S RESEARCH |
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In September of 1987 the United States, along with 26 other countries,
signed a landmark treaty to limit and subsequently, through revisions,
phase out the production of all sign...
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STRATOSPHERIC OZONE DEPLETION: A FOCUS ON EPA'S RESEARCH (EPA/640/K-95/004) |
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This brochure describes the mechanisms of and problems associated with stratospheric ozone depletion as well as some of the Office of
Research and Development's (ORD) associated re...
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STRATOSPHERIC OZONE DEPLETION: IMPLICATIONS FOR MARINE ECOSYSTEMS |
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The stratospheric ozone layer shields the earth from biologically damaging solar ultraviolet radiation. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), used in refrigerants, etc. and halons, used in f...
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STRATOSPHERIC OZONE PROTECTION: AN EPA ENGINEERING PERSPECTIVE |
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The paper discusses stratospheric ozone protection from an EPA engineering perspective. Chlorine released in the atmosphere is a major factor in depleting the stratospheric ozone p...
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STRESS ETHYLENE EVOLUTION: A MEASURE OF OZONE AFFECTS ON PLANTS |
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To determine if ethylene evolution by plants is correlated with the ozone stress, a range of plants species and cultivars was exposed to varying ozone concentrations. Following exp...
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STRESS INTERACTIONS AND MYCRORRHIZAL PLANT RESPONSE: UNDERSTANDING CARBON ALLOCATION PRIORITIES |
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This paper presents a framework for studying responses of mycorrhizal roots to external stresses, including possible feedback effects, which are likely to occur. A conceptual model...
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STUDIES OF ACID AEROSOLS IN SIX MAJOR CITIES AND IN A NEW MULTI-CITY INVESTIGATION: DESIGN ISSUES |
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Techniques for measuring acid aerosols in the ambient environment have been developed only recently. s part of the on-going Harvard Study on Health Effects of Sulfur Dioxide and Re...
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STUDIES OF NOX REACTIONS AND O3 TRANSPORT IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA - FALL, 1976 |
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The report describes a four week study of oxides of nitrogen chemistry and ozone transport in and around the southcoast air basin of California in the fall of 1976. The data base w...
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STUDIES OF OXIDANT TRANSPORT BEYOND URBAN AREAS. NEW ENGLAND SEA BREEZE, 1975 |
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Relationships between ambient air quality and sea breeze conditions in southern New England are examined. In the Boston area, sea breeze conditions were observed on approximately 2...
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STUDY OF INTERFERENCES IN OZONE UV AND CHEMILUMINESCENCE MONITORS |
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A study was conducted to examine interferences and other measurement anomalies in chemiluminescence and ultraviolet ozone monitors. revious results had shown that there was a posit...
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STUDY OF MERCURY OXIDATION BY SCR CATALYST IN AN ENTRAINED-FLOW REACTOR UNDER SIMULATED PRB CONDITIONS |
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A bench-scale entrained-flow reactor system was constructed for studying elemental mercury oxidation under selective catalytic reduction (SCR) reaction conditions. Simulated flue g...
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STUDY OF REMOVAL PROCESSES FOR HALOGENATED AIR POLLUTANTS |
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The fate of halocarbons released into the atmosphere from anthropogenic sources and their potential impact on the stratospheric ozone layer has been studied. Experimental kinetic d...
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STUDY OF THE NATURE OF OZONE, OXIDES OF NITROGEN, AND NONMETHANE HYDROCARBONS IN TULSA, OKLAHOMA. VOLUME II. DATA TABULATION |
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This volume contains tabulated ambient air quality and meteorological data resulting from surface and airborne measurements made in Tulsa, Oklahoma during July, August and Septembe...
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STUDYING THE EFFECT ON SYSTEM PREFERENCE BY VARYING CO-PRODUCT ALLOCATION IN CREATING LIFE CYCLE INVENTORY |
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How one models the input and output data for a life cycle assessment can greatly affect the results. Although much attention has been paid to allocation methodology by researchers ...
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SUB-CANOPY DEPOSITION OF OZONE IN A STAND OF CUTLEAF CORNFLOWER |
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Although there has been a great deal of research on ozone, interest in exposure of native, herbaceous species is relatively recent and it is still not clear what role the pollutant...
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SUBCHRONIC EPISODIC EXPOSURE OF RATS TO DIESEL PLUS OZONE INDUCES MINIMAL CARDIOPULMONARY EFFECTS |
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Diesel exhaust (DE) emissions contribute to near-road air pollution and have been shown to induce a variety of cardiovascular and pulmonary abnormalities in animals and humans. Sin...
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SUCCESS OF EPA'S STRATOSPHERIC OZONE ENGINEERING RESEARCH |
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The paper summarizes recent successes in, as well as work in progress (with the cooperation of industry) on, EPA's stratospheric ozone engineering research. he Montreal Protocol an...
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SULFUR DIOXIDE OXIDATION REACTIONS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS |
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This is the final report on a three year project to study the kinetics and mechanisms of some 105 reactions involving the aqueous oxidation of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in...
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SUMMARY OF EPA'S PARTICULATE MATTER SUPERSITES PROGRAM: RESULTS THAT CAN BE USED TO PREPARE AND EVALUATE STATE IMPLEMENTATION PLANS (SIPS) |
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In 1999, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initiated a major air quality program referred to as the Particulate Matter (PM) Supersites Program. The PM Supers...
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SUMMARY OF SELECTED NEW INFORMATION ON EFFECTS OF OZONE ON HEALTH AND VEGETATION: SUPPLEMENT TO 1986 AIR QUALITY CRITERIA FOR OZONE AND OTHER PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS |
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Since completion of the 1986 Air Quality Criteria Document for Ozone, additional information has become available that warrants consideration by U.S. Environmental Protection Agenc...
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SUMMER 1990 ATLANTA OZONE PRECURSOR STUDY |
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During the summer of 1990, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) conducted a major monitoring study in Atlanta, Georgia, addressing the measurement of ozone and its precur...
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SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION AS A MEANS OF CLEANING AND DESORBING COMMON AIR SAMPLING SORBENTS |
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Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with carbon dioxide has become an increasingly popular alternative method to Soxhlet extraction for the measurement of organic compounds adsorb...
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SUPPLEMENTAL ULTRAVIOLET-B RADIATION DOES NOT REDUCE GROWTH OR GRAIN YIELD IN RICE |
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Negative effects of enhanced UV-B radiation have been demonstrated in plants, but impacts under realistic field conditions remain uncertain. Adverse impacts to major crops, such as...
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SURFACE AND LIGHTNING SOURCES OF NITROGEN OXIDES OVER THE UNITED STATES: MAGNITUDES, CHEMICAL EVOLUTION, AND OUTFLOW |
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We use observations from two aircraft during the ICARTT campaign over the eastern United States and North Atlantic during summer 2004, interpreted with a global 3-D model of tropo...
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SURVEY OF EFFECTS OF GASEOUS AND AEROSOL POLLUTANTS ON PULMONARY FUNCTION OF NORMAL MALES |
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A total of 231 normal male human subjects were exposed for 4 hr to air, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, or sulfur dioxide; to sulfuric acid, ammonium bisulfate, ammonium sulfate, or ammon...
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SURVEY OF HALONITROMETHANES AND IODOMETHANES: DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS IN DRINKING WATER |
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This project involves the study of two classes of chemicals, halonitromethanes and iodomethanes, which have been found to be drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs). Both ha...
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SUSCEPTIBILITY OF TREE AND SHRUB SPECIES AND RESPONSE OF BLACK CHERRY FOLIAGE TO OZONE |
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Plants of 12 species were exposed to 0.20 ppm of ozone for 5 hr periodically throughout the growing season of 1976. Species exhibiting symptoms, in approximate descending order of ...
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SUSCEPTIBILITY OF WOODY PLANTS TO SULFUR DIOXIDE AND PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS |
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This report presents the result of a detailed review of European and United States literature regarding the sensitivity of woody vegetation to sulfur dioxide, ozone, peroxyacetyl n...
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SUSCEPTIBILITY TO OZONE-INDUCED INJURY AND ANTIOXIDANT COMPENSATION IN RAT MODELS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE |
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Increased oxidative stress and compromised antioxidant status are common pathologic factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). It is hypothesized that individuals with chronic CVD a...
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SYNERGY IN SEQUENTIAL INACTIVATION OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM WITH OZONE/FREE CHLORINE AND OZONE/MONOCHLORAMINE. (R826830) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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SYSTEM INSTALLATION AND OPERATION MANUAL FOR THE EPA THIRD-GENERATION AIR QUALITY MODELING SYSTEM (MODELS-3) VERSION 3.0 |
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Models-3 is a flexible software system designed to simplify the development and use of environmental assessment and other decision support tools. It is designed for applications...
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SYSTEMIC BIOMARKERS AND CARDIAC GENE EXPRESSION PROFILES OF RAT DISEASE MODELS EMPLOYED IN AIR POLLUTION STUDIES |
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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) models are used for identification of mechanisms of susceptibility to air pollution. We hypothesized that baseline systemic biomarkers and cardiac gene...
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Spatial and Temporal Variability of Solar Ultraviolet Exposure of Coral Assemblages in the Florida Keys: Importance of Colored Dissolved Organic Matter x |
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Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation can have deleterious effects on coral assemblages in tropical and subtropical marine environments, but little information is available on UV penetr...
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Sulfur and Nitrogen Deposition on Ecosystems in the United States |
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The ecological impacts of atmospheric sulfur and nitrogen deposition first gained attention in the United States in the early 1970s with reports of "acid rain" falling to earth, ca...
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T.E. KLEINDIENST, E.W. CORSE, F.T. BLANCHARD, W.A. LONNEMAN |
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Carbonyl compounds are important constituents in urban and global atmospheres. n urban atmospheres these compounds frequently serve to initiate photochemical smog and certainly sus...
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TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE DOCUMENT FOR SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF OZONE PRECURSORS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE DOCUMENT FOR SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF OZONE PRECURSORS |
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This document contains guidance and discussion on methods applicable to the proposed revisions to Title 40 Part 58 of the Code of Federal Regulations. he proposed revisions pertain...
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TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE DOCUMENT FOR THE CALIBRATION AND OPERATION OF AUTOMATED AMBIENT NON-METHANE ORGANIC COMPOUND ANALYZERS |
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This technical assistance document is intended to serve as a supplement to manufacturers' instruction manuals for automated, ambient, non-methane organic compound analyzers. It add...
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TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE DOCUMENT FOR THE CALIBRATION OF AMBIENT OZONE MONITORS |
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In February, 1979, EPA revised certain parts of the ambient air pollution monitoring regulations (40 CFR Part 50, Appendix D) to specify a new procedure for calibration of ambient ...
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TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE DOCUMENT FOR THE CHEMILUMINESCENCE MEASUREMENT OF NITROGEN DIOXIDE |
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Gas phase chemiluminescence has been designated as the reference measurement principle for the measurement of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the ambient atmosphere. Continuous analyzers...
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TECHNICAL CHALLENGES INVOLVED IN IMPLEMENTATION OF VOC REACTIVITY-BASED CONTROL OF OZONE |
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The control of VOC emissions based on their individual contribution to ozone formation has been the subject of intensive discussion and research in the past five years, and has gai...
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TECHNICAL NOTE: PERFORMANCE OF A PERSONAL ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR PARTICLE SAMPLER |
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Filter-based methods used to measure aerosols with semi-volatile constituents are subject to biases from adsorption and volatilization that may occur during sampling (McDow et al...
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TECHNICAL RESOURCE DOCUMENT: TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR HALOGENATED ORGANIC CONTAINING WASTES. VOLUME 1 |
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The halogenated organics technical resource document (TRD) is one of a series of five TRDs that are being prepared by the Hazardous Waste Engineering Research Laboratory. It provid...
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TECHNIQUE FOR MONITORING OZONE PRECURSOR HYDROCARBONS IN AIR AT PHOTOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT MONITORING STATIONS: SORBENT PRECONCENTRATION, CLOSED-CYCLE COOLER CRYOFROCUSING, AND GC-FID ANALYSIS |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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TECHNIQUES FOR ANALYZING COMPLEX MIXTURES OF DRINKING WATER DBPS |
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Although chlorine has been used to disinfect drinking water for approximately 100 years, there have been concerns raised over its use, due to the formation of potentially hazardous...
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TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS IN REDUCING CFC AND HALON EMISSIONS |
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The paper discusses EPA's development of a technological program to implement (in the U. 5.) the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone lLayer. PA's Office of Air a...
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TECHNOLOGIES FOR CFC/HALON DESTRUCTION |
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The report presents an overview of the current status of possible technologies used to destroy chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons chemicals implicated in the destruction of the ...
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TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - AN EDITORIAL |
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Sustainable development can be described as the process of using our material resources wisely, so that future generations can also enjoy improved quality of life, a continually in...
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TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMICS OF FLUE GAS NOX OXIDATION BY OZONE |
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The report gives results of an investigation of the kinetics of oxidation of NO by ozone and concludes that a stoichiometric amount of ozone is required when oxidation occurs at fl...
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TECHNOLOGY EVALUATION FOR PRIORITY POLLUTANT REMOVAL FROM DYESTUFF MANUFACTURE WASTEWATERS |
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Laboratory-scale studies were conducted to establish the technical feasibility of employing certain processes, including ozonation, GAC adsorption and biophysical (PACT) treatment,...
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TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF METHANE EMISSIONS FROM WETLAND RICE FIELDS TREATED BY DIFFERENT MODES OF N APPLICATION |
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A result of stratospheric ozone depletion from increased ultraviolet-B radiation has damaging effects on several plant physiological processes. Species and varietal differences hav...
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TEMPORAL TRENDS OF BLACK CARBON CONCENTRATIONS AND REGIONAL CLIMATE FORCING IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES. (R825248) |
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The effect of black carbon (BC) on climate forcing is potentially important, but its estimates have large uncertainties due to a lack of sufficient observational data. The BC ma...
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TERRESTRIAL PLANTS |
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Most of our knowledge concerning the effects of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation was obtained with artificial UV radiation sources supplementing either artificial white light in grow...
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TEST DESIGN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY VERIFICATION (ETV) OF ADD-ON NOX CONTROL UTILIZING OZONE INJECTION |
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The paper discusses the test design for environmental technology verification (ETV) of add-0n nitrogen oxides (NOx) control utilizing ozone injection. (NOTE: ETV is an EPA-establi...
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TESTING OF REFRIGERANT MIXTURES IN RESIDENTIAL HEAT PUMPS |
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The report gives results of an investigation of four possibilities for replacing Hydrochlorofluorocarbon-22 (HCFC-22) with the non-ozone-depleting new refrigerants R-407D and R-407...
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TESTING PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY SENSITIVITIES IN THE U.S. EPA COMMUNITY MULTISCALE AIR QUALITY MODELING SYSTEM (CMAQ) |
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Uncertainties in key elements of emissions and meteorology inputs to air quality models (AQMs) can range from 50 to 100% with some areas of emissions uncertainty even higher (Russe...
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TEXTILE DYEING WASTEWATERS: CHARACTERIZATION AND TREATMENT |
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The report gives results of an examination of the biological, chemical, and physical treatability of wastewaters from selected typical dye baths. Twenty systems providing a broad c...
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THE 1974 OZONE EPISODE IN THE BALTIMORE-TO-RICHMOND CORRIDOR |
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An ozone alert in July of 1974 in the Washington, D.C., area is examined in detail. Ozone data for 16 stations in the Richmond-to-Baltimore corridor are examined in conjunction wit...
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THE ACID RAIN NOX PROGRAM |
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Between 350,000 and 400,000 tons of annual NOx emissions have been eliminated as a result of Phase I of the Acid Rain NOx Program. As expected. the utilities have chosen emissions...
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THE ACUTE EFFECTS OF 0.2 PPM OZONE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE |
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Epidemiologic data suggest that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) might be more sensitive than normal persons to the respiratory effects of oxidant polluta...
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THE AORTA, BUT NOT LUNG OR HEART, IS THE TARGET OF SUBCHRONIC DIESEL-INDUCED INJURY AND INFLAMMATION |
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Recently cardiovascular abnormalities have been noted in individuals exposed to diesel exhaust (DE) or traffic generated air pollution; however, the mechanisms are unknown. We pos...
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THE CHALLENGES OF AIR POLLUTION AND RESIDUAL RISK ASSESSMENT (EDITORIAL) |
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The Clean Air Act (CAA), a comprehensive federal law that regulates air pollution from stationary and mobile sources, was first passed in 1963. The act has provided the primary fra...
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THE DETERMINATION OF ORGANIC PEROXIDES USING HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY AND AMPEROMETRIC DETECTION |
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The use of ozonation as an alternative to chlorination for drinking water treatment is increasing. Ozone has proven to be particularly efficacious for the removal of taste, odor an...
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THE EFFECT OF AIR POLLUTION ON INNER-CITY CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA |
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The effect of daily ambient air pollution was examined within a cohort of 846 asthmatic children residing in eight urban areas of the USA, using data from the National Cooperative ...
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THE EFFECT OF CHLORINE DEMAND ON INACTIVATION RATE CONSTANT |
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Ct (disinfectant concentration multiplied by exposure time) values are used by the US EPA to evaluate the efficacy of disinfection of microorganisms under various conditions of dri...
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THE EFFECT OF CHLORINE EMISSIONS ON TROPOSPHERIC OZONE IN THE UNITED STATES |
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The effect of chlorine emissions on atmospheric ozone in the continental United States was evaluated. Atmospheric chlorine chemistry was combined with the carbon bond mechanism and...
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THE EFFECT OF CHRONIC OZONE EXPOSURE ON THE METABOLITE CONTENT OF PONDEROSA PINE SEEDLINGS |
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Ponderosa Pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) seedlings grown in field exposure chambers and fumigated with ozone at a concentration of 200 g/cu m 6 h/day; 7 days/wk for variable periods ...
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THE EFFECT OF CONTROLLED OZONE EXPOSURE ON HUMAN LUMPHOCYTE FUNCTION |
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The effects of ozone (03) on cell-mediated immunity were studied in 16 human subjects exposed to 1176 micrograms/cu.m. 03 (0.6 ppm) for 2 hr in an environmentally controlled exposu...
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THE EFFECT OF DNOM PROPERTIES ON THE KINETICS OF OZONE DECOMPOSITION AND HYDROXYL RADICAL SCAVENGING |
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The influence of temperature, pH, alkalinity, and type and concentration of the dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the rate of ozone (O3) decomposition, O3-exposure, *OH-exposure an...
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THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS ON HUMAN HEALTH |
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Humans and animals have always been exposed to chemicals in our environments - natural products in foods, smoke from cooking fires, sewage in drinking water, pesticides from plants...
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THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS ON HUMAN HEALTH -- USCF |
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Humans and animals have always been exposed to chemicals in our environment - natural products in foods, smoke from cooking fires, sewage in drinking water, pesticides from plants....
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THE EFFECT OF OZONATION OF ORGANICS IN WASTEWATER |
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The effect of ozone treatment of domestic wastewater and various model compounds has been determined with respect to trace organic components. Organic constituents were identified ...
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THE EFFECT OF OZONE EXPOSURE ON ASTHMATICS' SELF-REPORTED SYMPTOMS AND MEDICATION USE |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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THE EFFECT OF OZONE ON BELOW-GROUND CARBON ALLOCATION IN WHEAT |
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Short term 14CO2 pulse and chase experiments were conducted in order to investigate the effect ozone on below-ground carbon allocation in spring wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivumL...
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THE EFFECT OF OZONE ON HUMAN CELLULAR AND HUMORAL IMMUNITY: CHARACTERIZATION OF T AND B LYMPHOCYTES BY ROSETTE FORMATION |
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Eight healthy male subjects were exposed to 784 micrograms cu m (0.4 ppm) of ozone for 4 hours in an environmentally controlled exposure chamber. Peripheral blood samples were take...
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THE EFFECT OF OZONE ON HUMAN IMMUNITY: IN VITRO RESPONSIVENESS OF LYMPHOCYTES TO PHYTOHEMMAGGLUTININ |
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Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 20 human subjects exposed to 784 micrograms cu m ozone for 4 hours, and from 11 subjects exposed to clean air for the same length of time were stu...
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THE EFFECT OF SUBMAXIMAL INHALATION ON MEASURES DERIVED FROM FORCED EXPIRATORY SPIROMETRY |
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THE EFFECT OF SUBMAXIMAL INHALATION ON MEASURES DERIVED FROM FORCED EXPIRATORY SPIROMETRY. William F. McDonnell Human Studies Division, NHEERL, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency...
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THE EFFECT OF SUMMER OZONE ON INNER-CITY CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA - IDENTIFICATION OF SENSITIVE SUBGROUPS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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THE EFFECTS OF COMBINED OZONATION AND FILTRATION ON DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCT FORMATION. (R830908) |
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The effects of combined ozonation and membrane filtration on the removal of the natural organic matter (NOM) and the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) were investigat...
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THE EFFECTS OF OZONE ON PLANT COMMUNITY COMPOSITION AND DYNAMICS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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THE EMERGING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GROUND LEVEL OZONE AND LANDSCAPE CHARACTERISTICS |
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One of the most serious environmental health problems facing our society is that of poor air quality caused primarily by the formation of ground level ozone. Although natural ozone...
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THE EMISSION PROCESSING SYSTEM FOR THE ETA/CMAQ AIR QUALITY FORECAST SYSTEM |
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NOAA and EPA have created an Air Quality Forecast (AQF) system. This AQF system links an adaptation of the EPA's Community Multiscale Air Quality Model with the 12 kilometer ETA mo...
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THE GAS PHASE REACTION OF OZONE WITH 1,3-BUTADIENE: FORMATION YIELDS OF SOME TOXIC PRODUCTS. (R826236) |
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The formation yields of acrolein, 1,2-epoxy-3-butene and OH radicals have been measured from reaction of ozone with 1,3-butadiene at room temperature and atmosphere pressure. 1,...
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THE GEOGRAPHY OF AVAILABLE SOIL NITROGEN IN THE CONTIGUOUS UNITED STATES |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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THE GEOMET INDOOR-OUTDOOR AIR POLLUTION MODEL |
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This report documents the formulation of the GEOMET Indoor-Outdoor Air Pollution (GIOAP) model. The model estimates indoor air pollutant concentrations as a function of outdoor pol...
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THE INFLUENCE OF DOM CHARACTER ON OZONE DECOMPOSITION RATES AND RCT |
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The effects of DOM character on ozonation of natural waters and solutions of DOM isolates were investigated. Batch kinetic investigations measured O3 decomposition rate constants ...
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THE ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION OF TROPOSPHERIC OZONE IN THREE ENVIRONMENTS (R823117) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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THE LCIA MIDPOINT-DAMAGE FRAMEWORK OF THE UNEP/SETAC LIFE CYCLE INITIATIVE |
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LCIA methods can be grouped into two families: midpoint methods determining impact category indicators at an intermediate position of the impact pathways (e.g., ozone depletion p...
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THE MULTISCALE AIR QUALITY SIMULATION PLATFORM (MAQSIP), PART 2: INITIAL APPLICATIONS AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION FOR TROPOSPHERIC OZONE AND PARTICULATE MATTER. (R826773) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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THE NATIONAL AIR POLLUTION BACKGROUND NETWORK 1976-1980 |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in cooperation with the U.S. Forest Service has established a network of air monitoring stations designed to measure levels of ozone in rem...
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THE NEW ENGLAND AIR QUALITY FORECASTING PILOT PROGRAM: DEVELOPMENT OF AN EVALUATION PROTOCOL AND PERFORMANCE BENCHMARK |
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The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration recently sponsored the New England Forecasting Pilot Program to serve as a "test bed" for chemical forecasting by providing all ...
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THE NEW METHODOLOGY FOR OZONE DEPLETION POTENTIALS OF SHORT-LIVED COMPOUNDS: N-PROPYL BROMIDE AS AN EXAMPLE. (R826384) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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THE NEXT GENERATION OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS AND HEALTH ISSUES |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) are of concern because some epidemiologic studies have shown that some DBPs are associated with cancer or adverse reproductive/develo...
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THE NOAA - EPA NATIONAL AIR QUALITY FORECASTING SYSTEM |
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Building upon decades of collaboration in air pollution meteorology research, in 2003 the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the United States Environmental...
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THE OCCURRENCE OF A NEW GENERATION OF DBPS (BEYOND THE ICR) |
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A nationwide survey of 12 full-scale treatment plants for disinfection by-products (DBPs) was initiated in the U.S. in 2000. Approximately 50DBPs that rated a high priority for po...
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THE OZONE PROBLEM IN THE NORFOLK, VIRGINIA AREA |
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The area of Norfolk, Virginia, being well displaced from large urban centers and having the Atlantic Ocean at its eastern border, appears to be sheltered from air pollution origina...
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THE OZONE REACTION WITH BUTADIENE: FORMATION OF TOXIC PRODUCTS. (R826236) |
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AbstractThe formation yields of acrolein, 1,2-epoxy-3-butene and OH radicals have been measured from reaction of ozone with 1,3-butadiene at room temperature and atmosp...
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THE PASSIVE OZONE NETWORK IN DALLAS (POND CONCEPT) - A MODELING OPPORTUNITY WITH COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT |
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Despite tremendous efforts towards regulating and controlling tropospheric ozone (O3) formation, over 70 million people currently live in U.S. counties which exceed the National ...
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THE PASSIVE SAMPLING DEVICE AS A SIMPLE TOOL FOR ASSESSING ECOLOGICAL CHANGE - AN EXTENDED MONITORING STUDY IN AMBIENT AIR |
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Passive Sampling devices (PSDS) normally associated with personal monitoring were studied as less costly alternate or supplemental methods for the Environmental Monitoring and Asse...
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THE PHARMACODYNAMICS OF CERTAIN ENDOGENOUS MAMMALIAN ANTIOXIDANTS DURING NO2 EXPOSURE |
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The predominant theory for vitamin E action is based on the antioxidant properties of the vitamin. Vitamin E prevents the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids found in lipid...
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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OZONE-INDUCED LUNG INJURY, ANTIOXIDANT COMPENSATION AND UNDERLYING CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CVD). |
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Increased levels of oxidants and compromised compensatory response are associated with CVD susceptibility. We hypothesized that rat strains demonstrating genetic CVD will have lowe...
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THE RESPONSE OF A HUMAN BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL CELL LINE TO HISTAMINE: INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM CHANGES AND EXTRACELLULAR RELEASE OF INFLAMMATORY |
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The contribution of airway epithelium-derived factors to inflammation and tissue repair is unclear. ecause human airway epithelia are infrequently available for in vitro studies, t...
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THE ROLE OF CATALYST PROPERTIES ON METHANOL OXIDATION OVER V2O5-TIO2 USING OZONE |
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Oxidation of methanol over V2O5 catalysts supported on anatase TiO2 that were prepared using sol-gel formation and impregnation procedures were inv...
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THE ROLE OF GC-MS AND LC-MS IN THE DISCOVERY OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS |
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Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has played a pivotal role in the discovery of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water. DBPs are formed when disinfectants, su...
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THE ROLE OF GC/MS AND LC/MS IN THE DISCOVERY OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS |
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Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) has played a pivotal role in the discovery of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water. DBPs are formed when disinfectants,...
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THE ROLE OF OXIDATIVE STRESS AND MITOCHONDRIA IN PARTICULATE MATTER (PM)-INDUCED CARDIOPULMONARY INJURY IN STROKE PRONE SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE (SHRSP) AND WISTAR KYOTO (WKY) RATS |
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Epidemiological studies have associated PM exposure with cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, and this effect seems to be enhanced in populations with pre-existing cardiovascula...
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THE ROLE OF VERTICAL MIXING IN THE TEMPORAL EVOLUTION OF GROUND-LEVEL OZONE CONCENTRATIONS. (R825260) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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THE SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF NOAA'S AIR QUALITY FORECASTING PROGRAM |
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For many years, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has conducted atmospheric research, including chemical and physical measurements, process studies, and ...
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THE SPATIOTEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF NON-URBAN OZONE CONCENTRATIONS OVER THE EASTERN UNITED STATES AND ITS POTENTIAL REPLICATION BY SATELLITE DATA |
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The spatial and temporal ariability of the maximum 24 hour surface zone concentrations over the eastern United States was examined for the period 1985-1990 using Rotated Principal ...
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THE STATUS OF LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT AS AN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT TOOL |
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As environmental awareness increases, industries and businesses have responded by providing "greener" products and using "greener" processes. Many companies hav...
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THE TRANSPORT OF OXIDANT BEYON URBAN AREAS. DATA ANALYSES AND PREDICTIVE MODELS FOR THE SOUTHERN NEW ENGLAND STUDY, 1975 |
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The objective of this study has been to use data collected during the 1975 Northeast Oxidant Study to determine the cause of high ozone concentrations in the Connecticut River Vall...
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THE TRANSPORT OF OXIDANT BEYOND URBAN AREAS. COMPILATION OF DATA FOR THE NEW ENGLAND STUDY, 1975 |
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A study of oxidant transport was conducted in New England over a 6-week period, from July 15 to August 22, 1975. A well equipped mobile laboratory was set up at a rural Connecticut...
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THE USE OF AIR QUALITY FORECASTS TO ASSESS IMPACTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON CROPS: METHODOLOGY AND CASE STUDY |
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It has been reported that ambient ozone (O3), either alone or in concurrence with acid rain precursors, accounts for up to 90% of U.S. crop losses resulting from exposur...
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THE USE OF TRACI FOR POLLUTION PREVENTION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT |
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The Use of TRACI for
Pollution Prevention and Sustainable Development
Jane C. Bare1 and Gregory A. Norris2
1) Systems Analysis Branch, Sustainable Technology Divisio...
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THE WASTE REDUCTION (WAR) ALGORITHM: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, ENERGY CONSUMPTION, AND ENGINEERING ECONOMICS |
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A general theory known as the WAste Reduction (WAR) algorithm has been developed to describe the flow and the generation of potential environmental impact through a chemical proces...
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THEORETICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF ATMOSPHERIC OZONE DEPOSITION TO TREES |
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Methods for describing the exposure patterns of forests to atmospheric ozone concentrations are compared with special emphasis on the situation at high altitudes, such as the Appal...
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THEORETICAL INVESTIGATION ON STABILITY OF THE CH2OCL RADICAL: RELEVANCE TO OZONE DESTRUCTION IN ARCTIC POLAR SPRING. (R826371C009) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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TIME-DEPENDENT CHANGES OF MARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH INFLAMMATION IN THE LUNGS OF HUMANS EXPOSED TO AMBIENT LEVELS OF OZONE |
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Acute exposure of humans to 0.4 ppm ozone results in reversible respiratory function decrements, and cellular and biochemical changes leading to the production of substances which ...
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TIO2 ADVANCED PHOTO-OXIDATION TECHNOLOGY: EFFECT OF ELECTRON ACCEPTORS |
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The effects of electron acceptors (additives) such as hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulphate, potassium bromate and potassium peroxymonosulphate (ozone) on the TiO2 photocatalytic...
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TOWARDS RELIABLE AND COST-EFFECTIVE OZONE EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT: PARAMETER EVALUATION AND MODEL VALIDATION USING THE HARVARD SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CHRONIC OZONE EXPOSURE STUDY DATA |
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Accurate assessment of chronic human exposure to atmospheric criteria pollutants, such as ozone, is critical for understanding human health risks associated with living in enviro...
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TOXICITY REDUCTION THROUGH CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL MODIFICATION OF SPENT PULP BLEACHING LIQUORS |
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Chlorophenols similar to or identical with those detected in spent chlorination and caustic extraction liquors were synthesized and tested over a range of concentrations to determi...
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TOXICITY-BASED IDENTIFICATION OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS USING ESI-MS AND ESI-MS/MS |
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The goal of this research is to use a bio-assay directed approach to focus identification work on the most toxicologically important disinfection by-products. To this end, drinkin...
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TOXICITY-BASED IDENTIFICATION OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS USING LC/MS AND LC/MS/MS |
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The goal of this research is to use a bio-assay directed approach to focus identification work on the most toxicologically important disinfection by-products. To this end, drinkin...
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TOXICOLOGY OF OZONE AS CHARACTERIZED BY LABORATORY ANIMALS AND EXTRAPOLATED TO HUMANS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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TRACI - THE TOOL FOR THE REDUCTION AND ASSESSMENT OF CHEMICAL AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS |
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TRACI, The Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and other environmental Impacts, is described along with its history, the underlying research, methodologies, and insig...
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TRACI THE TOOL FOR THE REDUCTION AND ASSESSMENT OF CHEMICAL AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS - VERSION 2 CHANGES |
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The Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and other environmental Impacts (TRACI) was developed to allow the quantification of environmental impacts for a variety of im...
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TRANSACTION TROPOSPHERIC OZONE AND THE ENVIRONMENT |
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The lungs of 107 of 118 youths (14-25 years of age), who died in vehicular accidents or were homicide victims, were suitable for pathologic examination, and the extent and severity...
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TRANSACTIONS OF THE AIR AND WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION: EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON WESTERN FOREST |
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This volume contains 35 papers from a Symposium held June 29-30, 1989 in Anaheim, CA. opics addressed include air quality and deposition, forest condition and growth trends, physio...
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TRANSFER STANDARDS FOR THE CALIBRATION OF AMBIENT AIR MONITORING ANALYZERS FOR OZONE. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE DOCUMENT |
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New EPA regulations (40 CFR Part 50, Appendix D) allow the use of transfer standards for the calibration of ambient ozone monitors. This document is a reference aid to help users s...
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TRANSIENT AND STEADY STATE STUDY OF PURE AND MIXED REFRIGERANTS IN A RESIDENTIAL HEAT PUMP |
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The report gives results of an experimental and theoretical investigation of the transient and steady state performance of a residential air-conditioning/heat pump (AC/HP) operatin...
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TRANSPORT OF OZONE BY TURBULENCE AND CLOUDS IN AN URBAN BOUNDARY LAYER |
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The turbulent fluxes of ozone and latent and sensible heat are computed from fast-response measurements made aboard a NOAA aircraft over downtown Philadelphia and the surrounding s...
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TRANSPORT, RADIATIVE, AND DYNAMICAL EFFECTS OF THE ANTARCTIC OZONE HOLE: A GFDL "SKYHI" MODEL EXPERIMENT |
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The GFDL 'SKYHI' general circulation model has been used to simulate the effect of the Antarctic "ozone hole" phenomenon on the radiative and dynamical environment of the lower str...
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TRANSPORTATION-RELATED VOLATILE HYDROCARBON SOURCE PROFILES MEASURED IN ATLANTA |
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Samples representative of transportation-related hydrocarbon missions were collected as part of the 1990 "Atlanta Ozone Precursor Monitoring Study". otor vehicle emissions were sam...
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TREATABILITY OF CARCINOGENIC AND OTHER HAZARDOUS ORGANIC COMPOUNDS |
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This research program was conducted to determine the capability of biological and physical-chemical treatment processes to remove chemical carcinogens and other hazardous organic c...
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TREATMENT OF WATER FROM CONTAMINATED WELLS |
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The recently enacted Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments dictates the regulation of 83 contaminants within the next three years and at least 25 more by 1991. The paper describes the...
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TREE-RING INDICES AND ISOTOPE SIGNATURES OF PINUS PONDEROSA RELATED TO HISTORIC OZONE CHANGES OUTSIDE LOS ANGELES |
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Ozone concentrations in the Los Angeles (LA) basin were at historic highs in the late 1970s. Since that time Clean Air regulations have helped lower ozone, but little is known of ...
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TROPOSPHERIC ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION: ASSESSMENT OF EXISTING DATA AND EFFECT ON OZONE FORMATION |
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The study to determine the impacts of future changes in stratospheric ozone and surface temperature on urban air quality was carried out in two parts. The first part assesses the q...
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TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR 2 CONTRIBUTES TO OZONE-INDUCED AIRWAY HYPERRESPONSIVENESS IN MICE. (R827447) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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TWO INDOOR AIR EXPOSURE MODELING STUDIES: CONTAM MODELING RESULTS, AND SERIAL CORRELATION EFFECTS |
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Two studies are reported on factors influencing indoor pollution levels. n the first, two mass balance computer models, CONTAM87 and CONTAM88, were used to estimate indoor pollutio...
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Technology Evaluation Report - SITE PROGRAM DEMONSTRATION OF THE ULTROX INTERNATIONAL ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION OXIDATION TECHNOLOGY |
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In support of EPA's Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) Program, this report presents the results of the Ultrox International technology demonstration. The Ultrox® te...
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The Effect of Environmental Chemicals on Human Health -- CJA |
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Humans and animals have always been exposed to chemicals in our environment - natural products in foods, smoke from cooking fires, sewage in drinking water, pesticides from plants....
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The Effect of Hetrogeneous Reactions on Model Performance for Nitrous Acid |
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Recent studies suggest that emissions, heterogeneous reactions, and surface photolysis of adsorbed nitric acid may produce additional nitrous acid in the atmosphere. The effects o...
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The Next Generation of Disinfection By-Products |
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The disinfection of drinking water has been rightly hailed as a public health triumph of the 20th century. Millions of people worldwide receive quality drinking water every day fro...
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The North American Mercury Model Intercomparison Study (NAMMIS). Study Description and Model-to-Model Comparison |
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This manuscript provides a description of the North American Mercury Model Intercomparison Study (NAMMIS) and results obtained from that study. The NAMMIS was conducted by EPA/NER...
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The Variable Effects of Ozone and/or Diesel Particulate Inhalation Exposure on Allergic Airways Responses in Mice |
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Exposure to diesel exhaust particle matter (DEP) associated with the combustion of diesel fuel exacerbates asthma. Likewise, similar effects have been reported with exposure to the...
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U.S. EPA (ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY) REGIONAL OXIDANT MODEL - BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW |
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The development of a photochemical model capable of simulating regional transport of ozone and its precursors is the focus of an extensive program now in progress at the U.S. Envir...
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U.S. EPA (ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY) WASTEWATER DISINFECTION RESEARCH PROGRAM EVOLUTION TO A DESIGN MANUAL |
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The paper presents the history of the EPA wastewater disinfection research program from the early 1970's until it culminated with the publication of the Process Design Manual in Se...
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U.S. EPA MODELS-3/CMAQ - STATUS AND APPLICATIONS |
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An advanced third-generation air quality modeling system has been developed by the Atmospheric Modeling Division of the U.S. EPA. The air quality simulation model at the heart o...
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U.S. EPA'S GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE PROGRAM - LANDFILL EMISSIONS AND MITIGATION |
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The paper discusses the U.S. EPA's global climate change program, concentrating on global landfill methane (CH4) emissions and mitigation research. he EPA's Air and Energy Engineer...
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U.S. EPA'S OZONE EPIDEMIOLOGY RESEARCH PROGRAM: A STRATEGY FOR ASSESSING THE EFFECTS OF AMBIENT OZONE EXPOSURE UPON MORBIDITY IN EXPOSED POPULATIONS |
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The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 mandate a future reduction of ambient ozone levels in many areas of the country, the cost of which will be great. n order to assess the current...
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U.S. EPA'S RESEARCH TO UPDATE GUIDANCE FOR QUANTIFYING LANDFILL GAS EMISSIONS |
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Landfill emissions, if left uncontrolled, contribute to air toxics, climate change, tropospheric ozone, and urban smog. EPA's Office of Research and Development is conducting resea...
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ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION DOSE AND AMPHIBIAN DISTRIBUTIONS IN NATIONAL PARKS |
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Ultraviolet Radiation Dose and Amphibian Distributions in National Parks. Diamond, S. A., Detenbeck, N. E., USEPA, Duluth, MN, USA, Bradford, D. F., USEPA, Las Vegas, NV, USA, Tren...
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ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION IN NORTH AMERICAN LAKES: ATTENUATION ESTIMATES FROM DOC MEASUREMENTS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PLANKTON COMMUNITIES |
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Climate warming in North America is likely to be accompanied by changes in other environmental stresses such as UV-B radiation. We apply an empirical model to available DOC (dissol...
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ULTROX INTERNATIONAL ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION/OXIDATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS ANALYSIS REPORT |
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In support of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) Program, this report evaluates the Ultrox International technology ...
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ULTROX INTERNATIONAL ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION/OXIDATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS ANALYSIS REPORT |
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In support of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) Program, this report evaluates both treatment efficiency and econom...
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UNCERTAINTIES IN EPISODIC OZONE MODELING STEMMING FROM UNCERTAINTIES IN METEOROLOGICAL FIELDS. (R825260) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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UNDERSTANDING AND MANAGING THE HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS RESULTING FROM GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC CHANGE FROM RECOGNITION OF POTENTIAL PROBLEMS TO CONCRETE MITIGATIVE ACTIONS |
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As a consequence of anthropogenic activities, we may double the pre-industrial concentration of atmospheric CO2 by the middle of this century. Anthropogenic activities have already...
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UNDERSTANDING AND MANAGING THE RISKS TO HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT FROM GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC CHANGE: A SYNTHESIS |
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The global atmosphere is changing. Anthropogenic activities are increasing the concentrations of greenhouse gases and releasing synthetic compounds that deplete stratospheric ozone...
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UNDERSTANDING ECOSYSTEM RESPONSE TO OZONE STRESS |
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Ecological risk assessment of ozone impact requires consideration of many factors that, perhaps, are not of concern in human health risk assessment. The episodic nature of ozone e...
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UNDERSTANDING THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN AIR QUALITY AND HUMAN HEALTH |
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This issue of EM presents a series of articles that focus on air quality and human health--what we know so far and the challenges that remain. The first article provides an overvie...
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UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF OZONE STRESS IN ALTERING BELOWGROUND PROCESSES |
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Forested ecosystems are comprised of tremendous biological diversity and functional complexity both above and belowground. Soil ecosystems are known to contain thousands of specie...
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UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY'S STRATOSPHERIC OZONE RESEARCH PROGRAM |
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A major consequence of decreasing the ozone layer is an increase in the transmission of UV-B radiation (290-320nm) to the surface of the earth. Researchers have identified many pot...
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UPDATED PHOTOCHEMICAL MODELING FOR CALIFORNIA'S SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN: COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL MECHANISMS AND MOTOR VEHICLE EMISSION INVENTORIES. (R824792) |
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Large uncertainties remain in photochemical models used
to relate emissions of VOC and NOx to ambient
O3
concentrations. Bias in...
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URBANIZATION EFFECTS ON TREE GROWTH IN THE VICINITY OF NEW YORK CITY |
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Plants in urban ecosystems are exposed to many pollutants and higher temperatures, CO2 and nitrogen deposition than plants in rural areas. Although each factor has a detrimental or...
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USE OF A SPECTRORADIOMETER TO STUDY AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS OF OZONE-TREATED SOYBEANS |
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A scanning spectroradiometer was used to measure the optical densities of an aerial photograph of an experimental field in which soybeans were growing in response to different conc...
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USE OF AUXILIARY DATA FOR SPATIAL INTERPOLATION OF OZONE EXPOSURE IN SOUTHEASTERN FORESTS |
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In order to assess the impact of tropospheric ozone on forests, it is necessary to quantify ozone exposure on regional scales. Since ozone monitoring stations are widely scattered ...
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USE OF EMERGENCY ROOM PATIENT POPULATIONS IN AIR POLLUTION EPIDEMIOLOGY |
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The long-term objective of this project was the design and implementation of a particular epidemiological approach to investigation of ambient pollutant effects: the correlation of...
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USE OF KRIGING TO ESTIMATE MONTHLY OZONE EXPOSURE PARAMETERS FOR THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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The paper explores the feasibility of (1) using kriging to predict the monthly mean of daily 7-h mean (0900-1559) O3 concentrations, (2) using kriging to estimate the percent of ho...
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USE OF LABELED OXYGEN TO TRACE OXIDATION PRODUCTS OF INHALED OZONE IN PLASMA AND URINE OF RATS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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USE OF NOY, H2O2, AND HNO3 AS INDICATORS FOR OZONE-NOX-HYDROCARBON SENSITIVITY IN URBAN LOCATIONS |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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USE OF OXYGEN-18 ISOTOPE LABELING FOR MEASUREMENT OF OXIDATIVE STRESS |
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Oxygen-18 (18-O) labeling provides a sensitive means for quantifying oxygen
binding that occurs during in vivo oxidations. Oxidants (ozone, nitrogen
oxides, hydrogen pero...
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USE OF PASSIVE SAMPLERS IN THE DEARS |
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The Detroit Exposure and Aerosol Research Study (DEARS) employs a number of passive diffusion-based samplers for the collection of select gaseous air pollutants. These pollutants i...
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USE OF PERSONAL MEASUREMENTS FOR OZONE EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT: A PILOT STUDY |
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During summer 1991, we collected indoor, outdoor, and personal ozone concentration data as well as time-activity data in state College, Pennsylvania. hese concentrations were measu...
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USE OF QUANTITATIVE TWO-DIMENSIONAL GEL ELECTROPHORESIS TO ANALYZE CHANGES IN ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE PROTEINS IN HUMANS EXPOSED TO OZONE |
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Acute exposure of humans to 0.4 ppm ozone is known to cause production of components which mediate inflammation and damage in the lung. he contribution of alveolar macrophages to t...
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USE OF SURFACE-COSTING-FREE MATERIALS FOR REDUCTION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND EMISSIONS FROM COATING OPERATIONS |
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The paper discusses results from a July 1991 workshop and the progress that has been made in advancing the technology of surface-coating-free materials (SCFMs). he workshop identif...
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USE OF TREGRO TO SIMULATE THE EFFECTS OF OZONE ON THE GROWTH OF RED SPRUCE SEEDLINGS |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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USEPA'S RESEARCH EFFORTS IN SMALL DRINKING WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES |
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Currently, in the United States there are approximately 50,000 small community and 130,000 non-community systems providing water to over 25 million people. The drinking water trea...
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USER MANUAL FOR THE EPA THIRD-GENERATION AIR QUALITY MODELING SYSTEM (MODELS-3 VERSION 3.0) |
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Models-3 is a flexible software system designed to simplify the development and use of environmental assessment and other decision support tools. It is designed for applications...
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USER'S GUIDE FOR EXECUTING OZIPM-4 (OZONE ISOPLETH PLOTTING WITH OPTIONAL MECHANISMS, VERSION 4) WITH CBM-IV (CARBON-BOND MECHANISM-IV) OR OPTIONAL MECHANISMS. VOLUME 2. COMPUTER CODE |
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An updated version of the Ozone Isopleth Plotting Program has been developed for use with EKMA to calculate emission reductions needed to achieve the air quality standard for ozone...
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USER'S GUIDE FOR EXECUTING OZIPM-4 (OZONE ISOPLETH PLOTTING WITH OPTIONAL MECHANISMS, VERSION 4) WITH CBM-IV (CARBON-BOND MECHANISMS-IV) OR OPTIONAL MECHANISMS. VOLUME 1. DESCRIPTION OF THE OZONE ISOPLETH PLOTTING PACKAGE. VERSION 4 |
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An updated version of the Ozone Isopleth Plotting Program has been developed for use with EKMA to calculate emission reductions needed to achieve the air quality standard for ozone...
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USER'S GUIDE FOR EXECUTING OZIPR |
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A new, trajectory-type, air quality simulation model called OZlPR has been developed. ZlPR is based on previous versions of EPA's Ozone lsopleth Plotting Program (OZIPP) Model, but...
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USER'S MANUAL FOR KINETICS MODEL AND OZONE ISOPLETH PLOTTING PACKAGE |
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The Kinetics Model and Ozone Isopleth Plotting Package (OZIPP) is a computerized model that simulates ozone formation in urban atmospheres. OZIPP calculates maximum one-hour averag...
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USERS MANUAL: LANDFILL GAS EMISSIONS MODEL - VERSION 2.0 |
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The document is a user's guide for a computer model, Version 2.0 of the Landfill Gas Emissions Model (LandGEM), for estimating air pollution emissions from municipal solid waste (M...
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USING GENETIC ALGORITHMS TO IDENTIFY COST-EFFECTIVE OZONE CONTROL STRATEGIES. (R825196) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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USING REDUCING AGENTS TO ELIMINATE CHLORINE DIOXIDE AND CHLORITE ION RESIDUALS IN DRINKING WATER |
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In an effort to determine the viability of various disinfection alternatives the Evansville, Indiana Water and Sewer Utility is engaged in a pilot-plant investigation to compare ch...
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USING TERRESTRIAL PLANTS IN BIOMONITORING |
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Terrestrial plants have been used as monitors of environmental pollutants since at least the beginning of this century & have recently received attention in response to the need fo...
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USING THE ECLPSS SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENT TO BUILD A SPATIALLY EXPLICIT COMPONENT-BASED MODEL OF OZONE EFFECTS ON FOREST ECOSYSTEMS. (R827958) |
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We have developed a modeling framework to support grid-based simulation of ecosystems at multiple spatial scales, the Ecological Component Library for Parallel Spatial Simula...
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UTILIZATION OF A RESPONSE-SURFACE TECHNIQUE IN THE STUDY OF PLANT RESPONSES TO OZONE AND SULFUR DIOXIDE MIXTURES |
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A second order rotatable design was used to obtain polynomial equations describing the effects of combinations of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and ozone (O3) on foliar injury and plant gro...
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UTILIZING SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS TO EXPAND EPA'S AIR MONITORING NETWORK: A NEW PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN NASA AND EPA |
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Over the next decade, data requirements to inform air quality management decisions and policies will need to be expanded to large spatial domains to accommodate decisions which mor...
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UV DAMAGE AND PHOTOREACTIVATION POTENTIALS OF LARVAL SHRIMP, 'PANDALUS PLATYCEROS', AND ADULT EUPHAUSIIDS, 'THYSANOESSA RASCHII' |
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Previously reported thresholds for UV-B dose and dose-rate were determined under artificial light regimes using more than an order of magnitude less visible light than round natura...
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UV EXPOSURE OF CORAL ASSEMBLAGES IN THE FLORIDA KEYS |
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Recent studies have indicated that solar radiation can be a significant stressor of coral assemblages in tropical and subtropical marine environments. Here we review the scientif...
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UV MONITORING PROGRAMS AT U.S. EPA |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has initiated a program to develop and operate a monitoring network to measure ultraviolet (UV) radiation flux at the earth's surface...
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UV RADIATION EFFECTS ON MICROBES AND MICROBIAL PROCESSES |
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The ultraviolet (UV) region of solar radiation is defined as wavelengths in the range of 200 to 400 nm. In contrast to visible radiation (400 - 800 nm), which has a well-defined ro...
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UV-B EFFECTS ON TERRESTRIAL PLANTS |
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The potential impacts of an increase in solar UV-B radiation reaching the Earth's surface due to stratospheric ozone depletion have been investigated by several research groups dur...
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VALIDATION OF THE EKMA MODEL USING HISTORICAL AIR QUALITY DATA |
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Historical air quality and emissions trend data for the Los Angeles region were used to check the EKMA isopleth method of relating ozone concentration changes to precursor emission...
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VALIDATION TESTING OF NEW MECHANISMS WITH OUTDOOR CHAMBER DATA, VOLUME 1: COMPARISON OF CB4 AND CAL MECHANISMS |
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The UNC smog chamber data base was used to compare the performance of two state of the science photochemical mechanisms: the Carbon Bond four Mechanism (CB4) and the Carter, Atkins...
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VALIDATION TESTING OF NEW MECHANISMS WITH OUTDOOR CHAMBER DATA, VOLUME 2: ANALYSIS OF VOC DATA FOR THE CB4 AND CAL PHOTOCHEMICAL MECHANISMS |
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Ambient hydrocarbon data were analyzed to derive hydrocarbon speciation for use with the Carbon Bond Four (CB4) and the Carter, Atkinson, Lurmann (CAL) mechanisms. A total of 66 ci...
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VALIDATION TESTING OF NEW MECHANISMS WITH OUTDOOR CHAMBER DATA, VOLUME 3: CALCULATION OF PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTION PHOTOLYSIS RATES IN THE UNC OUTDOOR CHAMBER |
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A new model is described for computing in-chamber actinic flux using site specific conditions that include time of day, air pressure, total column ozone, total column water vapor, ...
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VALIDATION TESTING OF NEW MECHANISMS WITH OUTDOOR CHAMBER DATA, VOLUME 4: APPENDIXES TO PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTION PHOTOLYSIS RATES IN THE UNC OUTDOOR CHAMBER |
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This volume contains appendixes related to the computation of photolytic rates for the UNC chamber. The first appendix is the data base of climate and solar radiation variables nee...
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VANADIA CATALYZED VAPOR PHASE OXIDATION OF METHANOL IN THE PRESENCE OF OZONE |
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Catalytic oxidation of methanol was carried out in the presence of ozone using vanadia based catalysts. The process can be used to selectively convert alcohols to aldehydes or ket...
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VARIANCE TECHNIQUES TO MEASURE DRY AIR-SURFACE EXCHANGE RATES (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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Variances of fluctuations of scalar quantities can be measured and interpreted to yield indirect estimates of their vertical fluxes in the atmospheric surface layer. Strong correla...
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VENTILATORY RESPONSES TO OZONE ARE REDUCED IN IMMATURE RATS. (R827447) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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VERIFICATION OF SURFACE LAYER OZONE FORECASTS IN THE NOAA/EPA AIR QUALITY FORECAST SYSTEM IN DIFFERENT REGIONS UNDER DIFFERENT SYNOPTIC SCENARIOS |
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An air quality forecast (AQF) system has been established at NOAA/NCEP since 2003 as a collaborative effort of NOAA and EPA. The system is based on NCEP's Eta mesoscale meteorologi...
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VERIFICATION PROCEDURES APPLIED TO THE U.S. EPA (ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY) REGIONAL OXIDANT MODEL |
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Regional air quality simulation models have been developed as research tools to gain a greater understanding of long range transport and transformation of air pollutants and to eva...
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VERTICAL OZONE FLUXES AND RELATED DEPOSITION PARAMETERS OVER AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTED |
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The spatial variability and temporal behavior of the vertical flux of ozone has been investigated from turbulence measurements collected on aircraft flight legs in the daytime peri...
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VIRUS INACTIVATION IN WASTEWATER EFFLUENTS BY CHLORINE, OZONE, AND ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT |
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In this investigation four wastewater treatment plants were studied and compared in their ability to inactivate naturally occurring enteroviruses. Of the four plants tested, two us...
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VOC EMISSIONS FROM AN AIR FRESHENER IN THE INDOOR ENVIRONMENT |
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The paper describes results of tests, conducted in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) large chamber facility, that investigated emissions of volatile organic compounds ...
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VOC PREVENTION OPTIONS FOR SURFACE COATING |
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The paper discusses some of the volatile organic compound (VOC) prevention options for surface coating. Most small surface coating industries are considered to be stationary area s...
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VOCS IN MEXICO CITY AIR |
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Mexico City, with nearly 20 million people, 3 million vehicles, and 35,000 industrial businesses, has severe photochemical air pollution. he 0, standard of 0.11 ppm is exceeded ove...
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VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND AND NITRIC OXIDE EMISSIONS FROM CORN IN THE MIDWESTERN UNITED STATES |
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Biogenic emissions are needed for photochemical oxidant modeling. The current biogenic emissions inventory assumes rather high volatile organic compound (VOC) and low nitric oxide ...
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VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND EMISSIONS FROM 46 IN-USE PASSENGER CARS |
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Emissions from automobiles have long been considered a prime source of pollutants involved in smog formation and ozone production. The reactive potential of the species emitted has...
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Vision for Future North American Emission Inventory Programs |
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The NARSTO Ozone and Particulate Matter Assessments emphasized that emission inventories are critical to the success of air quality management programs and that emissions inventori...
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WAR DSS: A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR ENVIRONMENTALLY CONSCIOUS CHEMICAL PROCESS DESIGN |
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The second generation of the Waste Reduction (WAR) Algorithm is constructed as a decision support system (DSS) in the design of chemical manufacturing facilities. The WAR DSS is a ...
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WATER RELATIONS OF DIFFERENTIALLY IRRIGATED COTTON EXPOSED TO OZONE |
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This field study was conducted to test the hypothesis that plants chronically exposed to be sore susceptible to drought because typically inhibits root growth and increases shoot-r...
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WATER STRESS REDUCES OZONE INJURY VIA A STOMATAL MECHANISM |
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Various studies have shown that water-stressed plants are more tolerant of ozone exposures than are unstressed plants. Two probable explanations for this tolerance are (a) stomatal...
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WATERBORNE OUTBREAK CONTROL: WHICH DISINFECTANT |
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This finding indicates that waterborne microbial pathogens remain as a potential health threat and underscores the importance of disinfection. From the outset, chlorination has bee...
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WATERSHED TREATMENT EFFECT ON ORGANIC CARBON AND COLOR INTERACTIONS IN STREAMS IN THE WESTERN ARM OF LAKE SUPERIOR |
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Dissolved organic carbon can significantly attenuate UV penetration in water bodies and potentially protect aquatic organisms from effects of ozone depletion....
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WEATHER EFFECTS ON ISOPRENE EMISSION CAPACITY AND APPLICATIONS IN EMISSIONS ALGORITHMS |
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Many plants synthesize isoprene. Because it is volatile and reacts rapidly with hydroxyl radicals, it is emitted to the atmosphere and plays a critical role in atmospheric chemistr...
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WEILBULL FUNCTION AS A DOSE-RESPONSE MODEL TO DESCRIBE OZONE EFFECTS ON CROP YIELDS |
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Field experiments have demonstrated that ozone (O3) pollution can reduce yields of important crop species. The assessment of the impact of O3 is facilitated by the use of a family ...
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WESTERN ECOLOGY DIVISION RESEARCH UPDATE - FEBRUARY 2003 |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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WESTERN FORESTS AND AIR POLLUTION |
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This book addresses the relationships between air pollution in western United States and trends in the growth and condition of Western coniferous forests. he major atmospheric poll...
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WIDE AREA OZONE DRY DEPOSITION MEASUREMENTS |
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An experimental study to investigate the temporal and spatial variations of ozone deposition was conducted as part of the Northeast Regional Oxidant Study program in August 1979. O...
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YIELD RESPONSE OF HEAD LETTUCE ('LACTUCA SATIVA' L.) TO OZONE |
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Head lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv 'Empire') was grown in the field and exposed in open-top chambers to proportional increments of ozone (O3) from full charcoal filtration (CF) to ...
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ZINC-DEFICIENCY ENHANCES PRO-INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES AFTER OZONE EXPOSURE |
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Epidemiological and controlled exposure studies have demonstrated that humans are differentially susceptible to adverse health effects induced by exposure to ozone. Serum analysis ...
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