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12 WEEK EXPOSURE TO CARBONYL SULFIDE PRODUCES BRAIN LESIONS AND CHANGES IN BRAINSTEM AUDITORY (BAER) AND SOMATOSENAORY (SEP) EVOKED POTENTIALS IN FISCHER 344N RATS |
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Carbonyl sulfide (COS) is a chemical intermediate in the production of pesticides and herbicides, is a metabolite of carbon disulfide, is produced by the combustion of organic mate...
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A COMPARISON OF MULTIPLE TOXICITIES FOLLOWING DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE TO PESTICIDES: NEUROTOXICITY, IMMUNOTOXICITY, AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY. |
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The NAS report (Pesticides in the Diets of Infants and Children, 1993) called for significant research effort into the long-term effects of perinatal pesticide exposure on the nerv...
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A DOSIMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE ACUTE BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF INHALED TOLUENE IN RATS |
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Knowledge of the appropriate metric of dose for a toxic chemical facilitates quantitative extrapolation of toxicity observed in the laboratory to the risk of adverse effects in the...
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A MULTIFACETED, MEDIUM-THROUGHPUT APPROACH FOR DETECTING AND CHARACTERIZING DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY USING ZEBRAFISH. |
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To address the EPA's need to prioritize hundreds to thousands of chemicals for testing, we are developing a rapid, cost-effective in vivo screen for developmental neurotoxicity usi...
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A PHYSIOLOGICALLY-BASED PHARMACOKINETIC MODEL FOR TOLUENE IN THE LONG EVANS RAT: BODY COMPOSITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. |
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A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for inhaled toluene was developed for Long-Evans rats as a component of an exposure-dose-response (EDR) model for volatile orga...
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A QUALITATIVE RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF POSITIVE CONTROL DATA IN DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY STUDIES. |
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A manuscript reviews positive control data submitted by registrants in support of Developmental Neurotoxicity (DNT) guideline studies. Adequate positive control data are needed to...
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A REVIEW OF THE REFERENCE DOSE AND REFERENCE CONCENTRATION PROCESSES (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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The RfD/RfC Technical Panel was established in response to a request from the Agency's 10X Food Quality Protection Act Task Force to the Science Policy Council and the Risk Assessm...
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A screening approach using zebrafish for the detection and characterization of developmental neurotoxicity. |
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Thousands of chemicals have little or no data to support developmental neurotoxicity risk assessments. Current developmental neurotoxicity guideline studies mandating mammalian mo...
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ACUTE EFFECTS OF DIISOPROPYL FLUOROPHOSPHATE (DFP) ON AUTONOMIC AND BEHAVIORAL THERMOREGULATORY RESPONSES IN THE LONG-EVANS RAT |
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Experiments were designed to assess the mechanisms of diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP)-induced changes in thermoregulation of the rat. n one study male rats of the Long-Evans stra...
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ADULT AND JUVENILE RAT SODIUM CHANNEL (NAV1.2 AND NAV1.3) SENSITIVITY TO THE PYRETHROID INSECTICIDE DELTAMETHRIN. |
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Adult rats are less sensitive than juveniles to the acute neurotoxicity of the Type II pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin (DLT). Voltage-sensitive sodium channels (VSSCs) are the ...
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AGE-DEPENDENT HEAPATIC AND PLASMA METABOLISM OF DELTAMETHRIN IN VITRO: ROLE IN ACUTE NEUROTOXICITY. |
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Deltamethrin (DLM) is a relatively potent and a widely used pyrethroid insecticide. Inefficient metabolism is proposed to be the reason for the greater sensitivity of immature rats...
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AGE-RELATED EFFECTS OF CHLORPYRIFOS ON ACETYLCHOLINE RELEASE IN RAT BRAIN. (R825811) |
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Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphorus insecticide that elicits toxicity through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Young animals are markedly more sensitive than adu...
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AIR POLLUTION, OXIDATIVE STRESS AND NEUROTOXICITY. |
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Increased incidents of classic and variant forms of neurodegenerative diseases suggest that environmental chemicals and susceptibility factors (e.g., genetics, diseased states, obe...
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ALTERATIONS IN BRAIN PROTEIN KINASE C ISOFORMS FOLLOWING DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE TO POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL MIXTURE. |
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PCBs have been shown to alter several neurochemical end-points and are implicated in the etiology of some neurological diseases. Recent in vivo studies from our laboratory indicate...
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ALTERED THALAMOCORTICAL AXON MORPHOLOGY FOLLOWING NEONATAL PERIPHERAL NERVE DAMAGE: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE STUDY OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY |
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Toxicant effects on central connectivity have not been extensively characterized. Studies of developmental neurotoxicity have typically described malformations arising from damage ...
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AMBIENT PARTICULATE MATTER STIMULATES OXIDATIVE STRESS IN BRAIN MICROGLIA AND DAMAGES NEURONS IN CULTURE. |
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Ambient particulate matter (PM) damages biological targets through oxidative stress (OS) pathways. Several reports indicate that the brain is one of those targets. Since microglia ...
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AN INVERTEBRATE MODEL OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY OF INSECTICIDES: EFFECTS OF CHLORPYRIFOS AND DIELDRIN IN SEA URCHIN EMBRYOS AND LARVAE. |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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ANALYSES OF NEUROBEHAVIORAL SCREENING DATA: DOSE-TIME-RESPONSE MODELING OF CONTINUOUS OUTCOMES. |
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Analysis of neurotoxicological screening data such as those of the functional observational battery (FOB) traditionally relies on analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measure...
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ANALYSIS OF THE MOTOR NEUROTOXICITY INDUCED BY ACUTE ORAL EXPOSURE TO MULTIPLE PYRETHROID COMPOUNDS IN THE RAT USING AN ADDITIVITY MODEL. |
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Use of pyrethroids has increased in the last decade, and co-exposure to multiple pyrethroids has been reported in humans. Pyrethroids produce neurotoxicity in mammals at dosages fa...
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ANIMAL MODELS FOR ASSESSING DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY |
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Developmental effects may result from toxic agent exposure of parental gametes prior to conception, during the prenatal period or postnatally up to the time of sexual maturation. h...
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ANIMAL MODELS OF CHRONIC PESTICIDE NEUROTOXICITY. |
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There is a wealth of literature on neurotoxicological outcomes of acute and short-term exposure to pesticides in laboratory animals, but there are relatively few reports of long-te...
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ANIMAL MODELS OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN NEUROTOXICITY |
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The thesis of this chapter has been that spatial delayed alternation versus position discrimination learning can serve as a valuable rodent model of cognitive development in neurot...
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ANOMALOUS PHOSPHORYLATED NEUROFILAMENT ACCUMULATION IN CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL AXONS OF HENS TREATED WITH TRI-ORTHO-CRESYL PHOSPHATE (TOCP) |
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Abnormal phosphorylation of cytoskeletal elements occurs in a variety of neuropathological conditions. In organophosphorus ester-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN) a dramatic in...
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APOPTOSIS OF CEREBELLAR GRANULE CELLS INDUCED BY ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS FOUND IN DRINKING WATER: INVOLVEMENT OF MAP KINASES. |
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Mono- and dialkyl organotins have been found in drinking water in homes and businesses served by PVC pipes. Because the structurally related trialkyl organotins (eg. trimethyltin, ...
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APPARENT ROUTE-DEPENDENCE OF THE ACUTE BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF TOLUENE IN RATS: AN EXPLANATION. |
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x...
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APPLICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF NEUROBEHAVIORAL METHODS IN RATS |
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The majority of chemicals present in the environment have not received adequate testing to determine their neurotoxic potential. hus, the US EPA has prepared guidelines for neuroto...
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APPLICATION OF EVENT-RELATED SLOW BRAIN POTENTIALS IN OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE |
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Workers exposed to solvents, pesticides, heavy metals and other neurotoxic chemicals frequently exhibit symptoms of mental confusion, impaired attention, and memory loss. These sym...
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APPLICATION OF PORTABLE MICROPROCESSOR-BASED SYSTEM FOR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL FIELD TESTING OF NEUROTOXICITY |
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A portable microprocessor-based system designated PEARL II has been developed for neurotoxicity testing in human populations. PEARL II provides a flexible and powerful data acquisi...
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APPROACHES TO ASSESSING THE VALIDITY OF A FUNCTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL BATTERY |
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With the growing importance of neurobehavioral assessments at the preliminary stage of chemical testing, it is critical that the screening procedures utilized be valid indicators o...
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ASSESSING THE NEUROTOXIC POTENTIAL OF CHEMICALS - A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH |
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Since 1981, the development of methodology to assess the neurotoxic potential of chemicals has been a high priority within the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS). ol...
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ASSESSMENT OF NEUROTOXICITY USING ASSAYS OF NEURON-GLIA LOCALIZED PROTEINS: CHRONOLOGY AND CRITIQUE |
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The achievements in neuroscience research over recent years have greatly advanced our understanding of nervous system structure and function. et, with each increment in knowledge, ...
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ASSESSMENT OF NEUROTOXICITY: USE OF GLIAL FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN AS A BIOMARKER |
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Diverse neurotoxic insults results in proliferation and hypertrophy of astrocytes. he hallmark of this response is enhanced expression of the major intermediate filament protein of...
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ASSESSMENT OF PC12 CELL DIFFERENTIATION AND NEURITE GROWTH: A COMPARISON OF MORPHOLOGICAL AND NEUROCHEMICAL MEASURES. |
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In order to screen large numbers of chemicals for their potential to produce developmental neurotoxicity new, in vitro methods are needed. One approach is to develop methods based ...
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Acute inhalation of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane alters visual evoked potentials and signal detection behaviour of rats. |
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The volatile organic compound 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (TMP, “isooctane”) is a primary constituent of gasoline for which the current health effects data are insufficient to permit EP...
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An Update on the Progress of the Extended One-Generation Reproductive Protocol |
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Consistent with a more science-based approach assessing potential adverse effects of pesticides, the ILSI-HESI Agricultural Chemical Safety Assessment (ACSA) Technical Committee, p...
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BEHAVIORAL AND NEUROCHEMICAL CONSEQUENCES OF DEVELOPMENTAL ORGANOTIN EXPOSURE IN RATS. |
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Behavioral and Neurochemical Consequences of Developmental Organotin Exposure in Rats.
Ehman, K.,1 Jenkins, S.,2 Barone Jr., S.2 and Moser, V.2 1Curriculum in Toxicology, Univ...
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BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENTS OF LONG EVANS RATS FOLLOWING A 13-WEEK SUBCHRONIC TOLUENE EXPOSURE. |
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The current study sought to develop an animal model of the neurotoxicity of long-term exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which may be used to predict the effects of chro...
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BEHAVIORAL CONSEQUENCES OF PERINATAL MONOMETHYLTIN EXPOSURE IN RATS |
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Organotins, such as monomethyltin (MMT), are widely used as heat stabilizers in PVC and CPVC piping, which results in their presence in drinking water supplies. Concern for neurot...
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BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT FOLLOWING DAILY EPISODES OF MOTHER-INFANT SEPARATION IN THE RAT |
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Use of dermal or inhalation routes of maternal exposure during the postnatal period in rodent developmental neurotoxicity evaluations would be most practical if dams could be separ...
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BEHAVIORAL EVALUATION OF THE NEUROTOXICITY PRODUCED BY DICHLOROACETIC ACID IN RATS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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BIOCHEMICAL AND NEUROPATHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF TRIPHENYL PHOSPHITE IN RATS |
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The putative neurotoxicity of the organophosphorus compound triphenyl phosphite (TPP) was examined in Long Evans, adult male rats. Animals were exposed to two 1.0 ml/kg (1184 mg/kg...
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BIOCHEMICAL, FUNCTIONAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF NEUROTOXICITY: EFFECTS OF ACUTE ADMINISTRATION OF TRIMETHYLTIN TO THE DEVELOPING RAT |
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The neurotoxic organometal, trimethyltin (TMT), was administered to rats on postnatal day (PND)5. Neurotoxicity was assessed throughout subsequent development using morphological, ...
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BIOTOXIN-INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY: AN EMERGING RISK FOR HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGY. |
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The increasing incidence of human illness associated with exposure to biotoxins from harmful algal blooms (HABs) in aquatic environments, and fungi and bacteria on land, may indica...
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BLOOD AND BRAIN CONCENTRATIONS OF BIFENTHRIN CORRELATE WITH DECREASED MOTOR ACTIVITY INDEPENDENT OF TIME OF EXPOSURE |
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Pyrethroids are neurotoxic insecticides used in a variety of agricultural and household activities. Due to the phase-out of organophosphate pesticides, the use of pyrethroids has ...
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BRAIN AND BLOOD TIN LEVELS IN A DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY STUDY OF DIBUTYLTIN. |
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Dibutyltin (DBT), a widely used plastic stabilizer, is detected in the environment and human tissues. While teratological and developmental effects are known, we could find no pub...
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BRAIN MICROGLIA (BV2) RESPONSE TO NON-PHOTOACTIVATED TIO2 NANOPARTICLES: IMPLICATIONS FOR NANOPARTICLE NEUROTOXICITY. |
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Engineered nanoparticles are attractive for use in medical, industrial, and military sectors, but little is known of their interactions with biological systems. Recent studies ind...
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BRAIN, LIVER AND THYROID BIOMARKERS REFLECT ENHANCED SENSITIVITY OF THE DEVELOPING RAT TO THYROID HORMONE DEPLETION. |
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Many developmental events are regulated at least in part by thyroid hormones. It was hypothesized that tissue biomarkers of thyroid status would be more accurate predictors of neur...
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BROMATE: A CONCERN FOR DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY? |
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In February of 2005 a workshop was held to evaluate the state-of-the-science of bromate toxicity. The workshop was sponsored by the American Water Works Association - Research Fou...
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BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS: WHAT WE KNOW, AND WHAT WE DON’T |
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Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) represent a large and diverse class of high volume industrial chemicals which have been developed to provide fire safety. There are many other ...
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BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS: WHAT WE KNOW, AND WHAT WE DON�T |
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Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) represent a large and diverse class of high volume industrial chemicals which have been developed to provide fire safety. There are many other B...
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BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS: WHY DO WE CARE? |
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Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) save lives and property by preventing the spread of fires or delaying the time of flashover, enhancing the time people have to escape. The world...
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CAN FLUORIDATION AFFECT WATER LEAD (II) LEVELS AND LEAD (II) NEUROTOXICITY? |
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Recent reports have attempted to show that certain approaches to fluoridating potable water is linked to increased levels of lead(II) in the blood. We examine these claims in ligh...
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CAN FLUORIDATION AFFECT WATER LEAD LEVELS AND LEAD NEUROTOXICITY? |
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Recent reports have attempted to show that certain approaches to fluoridating potable water is linked to increased levels of lead(II) in the blood. We examine these claims in light...
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CAN FLUORIDATION AFFECT WATER LEAD LEVELS AND LEAD NEUROTOXICITY? |
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Recent reports have attempted to show that certain approaches to fluoridating potable water is linked to increased levels of lead(II) in the blood. We examine these claims in light...
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CARBONYL SULFIDE INHALATION PRODUCES BRAIN LESIONS IN F344 RATS. |
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Carbonyl sulfide (COS) is an intermediate in the production of pesticides and herbicides, and is a metabolite of the neurotoxicant carbon disulfide. The potential neurotoxicity of ...
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CAVEATS IN HAZARD ASSESSMENT: STRESS AND NEUROTOXICITY |
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A primary aim of neurotoxicology is to identify agents that impact directly on the nervous system with the ultimate goal of identifying any adverse effects associated with exposure...
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CELL CULTURE MODELS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL NEUROTOXICITY |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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CEREBELLAR HYPOPLASIA IN THE GUNN RAT IS ASSOCIATED WITH QUANTITATIVE CHANGES IN NEUROTYPIC AND GLIOTYPIC PROTEINS |
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The authors are characterizing toxicant-induced injury to the nervous system by measuring nervous system cell-type specific proteins together with accompanying changes in morpholog...
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CHANGES IN GENE EXPRESSION PROFILE IN THE CEREBELLUM AND THE HIPPOCAMPUS FOLLOWING DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE TO A NEUROTOXICANT. |
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The vast literature on the group of chemicals known as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) makes it a unique model to understand major issues related to environmental mixtures of pers...
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CHANGES IN HIPPOCAMPAL SPINE DENSITY AND PROTEIN KINASE C ISOFORMS FOLLOWING DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE TO A MIXTURE OF PERSISTENT CHEMICALS. |
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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) offer a unique model to understand the major issues related to complex environmental mixtures of persistent chemicals. These pollutants are ubiquit...
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CHANGES IN IN VITRO BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION AFTER A SINGLE ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF TRI-O-CRESYL PHOSPHATE TO HENS |
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The effect of a single oral 750 mg/kg dose of tri-o-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) on the endogenous phosphorylation of brain and spinal cord proteins was assessed in hens during the deve...
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CHANGES IN MRNA EXPRESSION PROFILES IN RAT CORTEX AND STRIATUM FOLLOWING SUB CHRONIC TOLUENE EXPOSURE. |
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Toluene, a volatile organic compound (VOC) used in many commercial products, is a ubiquitous air pollutant and therefore of interest to many EPA regulatory programs. A primary con...
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CHANGES IN NEUROTRANSMITTER GENE EXPRESSION IN THE AGING RETINA. |
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To understand mechanisms of neurotoxicity in susceptible populations, we examined age-related changes in constitutive gene expression in the retinas of young (4mos), middle-aged (1...
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CHANGES IN PROTEOMIC PROFILES OF CEREBELLUM AND HIPPOCAMPUS FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO A DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICANT. |
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The vast literature on the group of chemicals known as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) makes it a unique model to understand major issues related to environmental mixtures of pers...
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CHANGES IN PROTEOMIC PROFILES OF CEREBELLUM FOLLOWING DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE TO AROCLOR 1254 OR DE-71. |
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Chronic low level exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) has been shown to adversely affect human health, including learning and memory. Polybromiated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)...
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CHANGES IN THE DNA-BINDING OF SEVERAL TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPING RAT CEREBELLUM BY PCBS. |
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PCBs are a class of persistent halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon chemical pollutants and considered as one of the major environmental contaminants resulting from intensive industria...
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CHARACTERIZATION OF CARBON DISULFIDE NEUROTOXICITY IN C57BL6 MICE: BEHAVIORAL, MORPHOLOGIC AND MOLECULAR EFFECTS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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CHEMICAL EXPOSURES AND ANIMAL ACTIVITY: UTILITY OF THE FIGURE-EIGHT MAZE |
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The need for rapid and inexpensive tests in toxicology has prompted several advisory panels to recommend motor activity as a screen for neurotoxicity. Since motor activity reflects...
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CHEMICALS THAT DISRUPT THE THYROID AXIS: COLLABORATION BETWEEN ORD AND STAR GRANT RECIPIENTS. |
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For effective regulation, the EPA must determine the potential adverse consequences of mild disturbances of the thyroid axis on brain development. Severe hypothyroidism has long be...
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CHEMISTRY AND MODE OF ACTION OF INSECTICIDES. PHASE 2 |
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The report summarizes research results and progress in the following general areas concerned with chemistry, metabolism and mode of action of organophosphorus, carbamate, and organ...
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COGNITIVE EVALUATION: IS IT NEEDED IN NEUROTOXICITY SCREENING? |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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COMMENTS ON "DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY OF PCBS IN HUMANS: WHAT DO WE KNOW AND WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE?" |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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COMMENTS ON "EFFECT OF PRENATAL EXPOSURE OF DELTAMETHRIN ON THE ONTOGENY OF XENOBIOTIC METABOLIZING CYTOCHROME P450S IN THE BRAIN AND LIVER OF OFFSPRINGS. |
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Comments on: Effect of prenatal exposure of deltamethrin on the ontogeny of xenobiotic metabolizing cytochrome P450s in the brain and liver of offsprings [Johri et al. Toxicol Appl...
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COMPARATIVE CHOLINERGIC NEUROTOXICITY OF ORAL CHLORPYRIFOS EXPOSURES IN NEONATAL AND ADULT RATS. (R825811) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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COMPARATIVE CHOLINERGIC NEUROTOXICITY OF ORAL CHLORPYRIFOS EXPOSURES IN PREWEANLING AND ADULT RATS. (R825811) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF TWO POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL CONGENERS ON CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS IN RAT CEREBELLAR GRANULE CELLS |
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Some polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been reported to alter locomotor activity and decrease brain dopamine function in laboratory animals. CBs with orth- and/or para-chlorine...
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COMPARATIVE SENSITIVITY OF NEUROBEHAVIORAL TESTS FOR CHEMICAL SCREENING |
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Guidelines for conducting neurobehavioral tests of motor activity, schedule-controlled operant performance, and a functional observational battery (FOB) were published by the U.S. ...
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COMPARING COGNITIVE AND SCREENING TESTS FOR NEUROTOXICITY: EFFECTS OF ACUTE CHLORPYRIFOS ON VISUAL SIGNAL DETECTION AND A NEUROBEHAVIORAL TEST BATTERY IN RATS: A COMPARISON OF ENDPOINTS AND EXPOSURE ROUTE. |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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COMPARISON OF ACUTE NEUROBEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF N-METHYL CARBAMATE INSECTICIDES. |
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The acute neurobehavioral and cholinesterase (ChE)-inhibiting effects of N-methyl carbamate insecticides have not been systematically compared. We evaluated five carbamates - carb...
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COMPARISON OF ALDICARB AND METHAMIDOPHOS NEUROTOXICITY AT DIFFERENT AGES IN THE RAT: BEHAVIORAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS. |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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COMPARISON OF NEUROSCREEN-1 AND CEREBELLAR GRANULE CELL CULTURES FOR EVALUATING NEURITE OUTGROWTH USING THE ARRAYSCAN HIGH CONTENT ANALYSIS SYSTEM |
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A major challenge facing the Environmental Protection Agency is the development of high-throughput screening assays amendable to resource-efficient developmental neurotoxicity for ...
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COMPARISON OF SCREENING APPROACHES |
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Neurobehavioral techniques have been used extensively n an ma toxicology studies because, in many Gases, such procedures are designed to evaluate neurobiological functions thought ...
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COMPARISON OF SUBCHRONIC NEUROTOXICITY OF 2-HYDROXYETHYL ACRYLATE AND ACRYLAMIDE IN RATS |
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The comparative neurotoxicity of subchronic exposure to 2 hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and acrylamide (ACR) was evaluated using a functional observational battery (FOB) and neurohis...
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COMPARISON OF THE NON-ADDITIVE INTERACTIONS OF AN ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDE MIXTURE IN ADULT AND PREWEANLING RATS. |
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Critical features of risk assessment include the evaluation of risk following exposure to pesticide mixtures as well as the potential for increased sensitivity of the young. This...
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COMPLETE INHIBITION OF SPONTANEOUS ACTIVITY IN NEURONAL NETWORKS IN VITRO BY DELTAMETHRIN AND PERMETHRIN |
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Type I and II pyrethroid insecticides cause temporally distinct decreases in voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) inactivation rates that are proposed to underlie their characterist...
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COMPUTERIZED ASSESSMENT OF HUMAN NEUROTOXICITY: SENSITIVITY TO NITROUS OXIDE EXPOSURE |
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The authors recently developed a flexible, portable, computer based neurobehavioral evaluation system (NES) to standardize data collection in epidemiologic field studies of individ...
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CORTICOSTERONE HYPERSECRETION IN PREWEANLING RATS EXPOSED NEONATALLY TO TRIMETHYLTIN |
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Trimethyltin is an organotin compound that produces potent neurotoxicity in both adult and developing organisms. he limbic system is a primary CNS target site for this toxicity. he...
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Characterization of neural development in zebrafish embryos using real-time quantitative PCR. |
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Chemicals adversely affecting the developing nervous system may cause long-term consequences on human health. Little information exists on a large number of environmental compounds...
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DEFINING NEUROTOXICITY IN A DECISION-MAKING CONTEXT |
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Neurotoxicity is one of several noncancer endpoints used by regulatory agencies in risk assessment. t the U.S. EPA, neurotoxicity is defined as an adverse change in the structure a...
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DELAYED NEUROPATHY IN ADULT PEKING DUCKS INDUCED BY SOME ORGANOPHOSPHORUS ESTERS |
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Tri-o-cresyl phosphate (TOCP), leptophos (0-methyl 0-(4-bromo-2,5,-dichlorophenyl) phenylphosphonothioate) and cyanofenphos (0-ethyl 0-(4-cyanophenyl) phenylphosphonothioate) were ...
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DELTAMETHRIN AND PERMETHRIN DECREASE SPONTANEOUS NETWORK ACTIVITY IN VITRO. |
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ABSTRACT BODY: Pyrethroid insecticides alter inactivation of voltage-sensitive sodium channels, an action that underlies their insecticidal and neurotoxicological properties. How a...
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DETERMINATION OF HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS FOLLOWING ACRYLAMIDE EXPOSURE |
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The present project was undertaken to develop new methodologies for biological monitoring of exposure to the toxicant acrylamide in laboratory animals as well as humans. ethods wer...
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DEVELOPING AN EXPOSURE-DOSE-RESPONSE MODEL FOR THE ACUTE NEUROTOXICITY OF ORGANIC SOLVENTS: OVERVIEW AND PROGRESS ON IN VITRO MODELS AND DOSIMETRY. |
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This article provides an overview of the current status of an exposure-dose-response (EDR) model for the volatile organic compound toluene. This model is being developed as a vehic...
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DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF IN VITRO IMAGING TECHNIQUES USED TO SCREEN AGENTS THAT AFFECT NEURONAL DIFFERENTIATION. |
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Testing chemicals for potential developmental neurotoxicity is an issue of regulatory concern. Developmental vulnerability is determined by pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic diff...
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DEVELOPMENT OF A PHYSIOLOGICALLY BASED PHARMOKINETICS (PBPK) MODEL TO COMPARE DIFFERENCES IN DISPOSITION OF TRICHLOROETHYLENE (TCE) IN ADULT VERSUS ELDERLY RATS |
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Due to the increasing number of elderly in the American Population, the question as to whether the aged have different susceptibility to environmental contaminants needs to be addr...
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DEVELOPMENT OF A PHYSIOLOGICALLY-BASED PHARMACOKINETIC (PBPK) MODEL FOR THE INHALATION OF 2,2,4-TRIMETHYLPENTANE (TMP) IN LONG EVANS RATS. |
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TMP (2,2,4-trimethylpentane,“isooctane”) is a colorless liquid used primarily in the alkylation of isobutene and butylene reactions to derive high-octane fuels. TMP is released in ...
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DEVELOPMENT OF AN 'IN VITRO' NEUROTOXICITY ASSAY |
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The aim of this research project was to investigate the possibility of developing the neurotoxic esterase (NTE) assay into a totally in vitro system to enable neurotoxicity assessm...
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DEVELOPMENT OF AN IN VITRO MODEL FOR SCREENING ORGANOPHOSPHATES FOR NEUROTOXICITY (PILOT STUDY) |
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An in vitro model utilizing neuroblastoma cell lines was developed for the differentiation of organophosphorus compounds which have the potential for induction of delayed degenerat...
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DEVELOPMENT OF INTEGRIN EXPRESSIN AS A MOLECULAR BIOMARKER FOR EARLY, SENSITIVE DETECTION OF NEUROTOXICITY. |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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DEVELOPMENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF EARLY POSTNATAL EXPOSURE TO TRIETHYLTIN IN RATS |
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On day 5 of postnatal life, rat pups received a single injection of triethyltin and were later tested for a variety of developmental and adult behaviors. The results indicate that ...
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DEVELOPMENTAL DISRUPTION OF THYROID HORMONE: CORRELATIONS WITH HEARING DYSFUNCTION IN RATS. |
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A manuscript presents evidence that thyroxine (T4) is a good biomarker-of-effect for developmental neurotoxicity associated with exposure to environmental thyrotoxicants. A major u...
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DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE TO DI-N-BUTYLTIN DICHLORIDE (DBTC): IMMUNOTOXIC AND NEUROTOXIC EVALUATION |
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Organotins are incorporated as stabilizers in PVC water supply pipe. Particularly when new, mono- and di-substituted methyl- and butyltins leach from the pipe and are thus of regul...
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DEVELOPMENTAL HYPOTHYROIDISM INDUCES A NEURONAL HETEROTOPIA IN THE CORPUS CALLOSUM OF THE RAT. |
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It is well established that severe hypothyroidism leads to profound alterations in brain development and mental retardation. In this study we examined the effect of subtle decrea...
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DEVELOPMENTAL HYPOTHYROIDISM REDUCES PARVALBUMIN EXPRESSION IN GABAERGIC NEURONS OF CORTEX AND HIPPOCAMPUS: IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL FINDINGS AND FUNCTIONAL CORRELATES. |
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GABAergic interneurons comprise the bulk of local inhibitory neuronal circuitry in cortex and hippocampus and a subpopulation of these interneurons contain the calcium binding prot...
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DEVELOPMENTAL LEAD (PB) CHANGES AND IN HIPPOCAMPAL FUNCTION. |
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Childhood lead (Pb) exposure has long been associated with reduced IQ, impaired cognitive function, and more recently increases in violence and aggression. We have studied the dis...
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DEVELOPMENTAL NEUOTOXICITY EVALUATION OF MIXTURES OF MONO- AND DIMETHYL TIN IN DRINKING WATER OF RATS. |
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Developmental Neurotoxicity Evaluation of Mixtures of Mono- and Dimethyl Tin in Drinking Water of Rats
V.C. Moser, K.L. McDaniel, P.M. Phillips
Neurotoxicology Divisi...
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DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY FOLLOWING NEONATAL EXPOSURE TO 3,3'-IMINODIPROPIONITRILE IN THE RAT |
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Adult exposure to the neurotoxicant 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) induces a hyperkinetic syndrome consisting of spontaneous head movements, abnormal circling, backwards locomoti...
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DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY OF CHLORPYRIFOS: WHAT IS THE VULNERABLE PERIOD? |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY OF PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES: CRITICAL REVIEW. |
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Pyrethroids are widely utilized insecticides whose primary action is the disruption of voltage-sensitive sodium channels (VSSC). Although these compounds have been in use for over...
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DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY TESTING GUIDELINES: A QUALIFICATIVE RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF POSITIVE CONTROL DATA. |
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The USEPA Developmental Neurotoxicity (DNT) Study Test Guideline calls for both functional and neuropathological assessments in offspring during and following maternal exposure. Th...
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DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY TESTING GUIDELINES: VARIABILITY IN MORPHOMETRIC ASSESSMENTS OF NEUROPATHOLOGY. |
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The USEPA Developmental Neurotoxicity (DNT) Study Test Guideline (OPPTS 870.6300) calls for neuropathological and morphometric assessments of rat pups on postnatal day (PND) 11 and...
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DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY: EVALUATION OF TESTING PROCEDURES WITH METHYLAZOXYMETHANOL AND METHYLMERCURY |
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Testing procedures that allow for early, rapid and cost-effective investigation of potential developmental neurotoxicants were evaluated using two prototypical developmental neurot...
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DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE INCREASES DISTRIBUTION OF CADMIUM TO BRAIN BUT PREVENTS CADMIUM-INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY |
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Dithiocarbamates exhibit potent metal-binding properties which have been exploited in a variety of applications, one of which is chelation therapy for heavy metal toxicity. Such th...
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DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE POTENTIATES THE NEUROTOXICITY OF IN VIVO 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE AND OF IN VITRO 1-METHYL-4-PHENYLPYRIDINIUM |
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Diethyldithiocarbamic acid (DDC), a dithiocarbamate, potentiates the neurotoxicity of 1-methyl-r-pheny-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in vivo and of its major metabolite, 1,-met...
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DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS AND POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS ON [3H]ARACHIDONIC ACID RELEASE IN RAT CEREBELLAR GRANULE NEURONS. |
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Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which are widely used as flame-retardants, have been increasing in the past 20-30 years while the presence of other structurally related per...
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DIOXIN 2003 BOSTON |
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DIOXON 2003 BOSTON
SESSION SUMMARY REPORT
Toxicology of BFRs
This oral session is comprised of seven presentations dealing with the potential health effects of BFR...
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DISPOSITION PROFILES OF BDE 47: DEVELOPMENTAL AND ADULT EXPOSURES |
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Introduction
2,2,4,4-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE 47) is a polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congener which is part of a class of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) common...
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DNA MICROARRAY ANALYSIS OF RAT BRAIN TO ASSESS CHANGES IN GENE EXPRESSION AND NEUROTOXICITY OF FOUR CONAZOLES. |
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Conazoles are a class of azole fungicides widely used both pharmaceutically and agriculturally. This study focused on four conazoles that exhibit a range of cancer and non-cancer e...
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DOES THE DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY OF CHLORPYRIFOS INVOLVE GLIAL TARGETS? (U915722) |
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The widespread use of chlorpyrifos (CPF) has raised major concerns about its potential to cause fetal or neonatal neurobehavioral damage, even at doses that do not evoke acute t...
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DOMINANT LETHAL EFFECTS OF SUBCHRONIC ACRYLAMIDE ADMINISTRATION IN THE MALE LONG-EVANS RAT |
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Acrylamide, a widely used vinyl monomer, is well known as a neurotoxin but inactive as a mutagen in bacterial test systems. The experiments reported demonstrate that after subchron...
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DOSE-DEPENDENT REDUCTIONS IN SPATIAL LEARING AND SYNAPTIC FUNCTION IN THE DENTATE GYRUS OF ADULT RATS FOLLOWING DEVELOPMENTAL THYROID HORMONE INSUFFICIENCY. |
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The EPA must evaluate the risk of exposure of the developing brain to chemicals with the potential to disrupt thyroid hormone homeostasis. The existing literature identifies morph...
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Developmental exposure to perchlorate alters synaptic transmission in hippocampus of the adult rat. |
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The Food Quality Protection Act and Safe Drinking Water Act mandate the EPA to identify potential health risks associated with chemicals that act on the endocrine system. Perchlora...
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Developmental neurotoxicity testing: Past, present and future. |
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Adverse effects on the nervous system following exposure to environmental contaminants during development have been well documented. Indeed, in a number of cases (e.g., lead, meth...
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EALUATION OF COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN WEANLING RATS: A REVIEW OF METHODS SUITABLE FOR CHEMICAL SCREENING |
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Current developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) tests that are used for environmental agents call for cognitive testing around the age of weaning as well as adulthood. There are challen...
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EEG (ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM) AS A CROSS SPECIES INDICATOR OF NEUROTOXICITY |
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The electroencephalogram (EEG) is a promising measure in the field of neurotoxicology. It can be well quantified by techniques which can be interpreted both physically and statisti...
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EFFECT OF AGING ON THE CARDIOVASCULAR AND THERMOREGULATORY RESPONSE TO TOLUENE IN THE BROWN NORWAY RATS. |
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Since the proportion of aged in the U.S. will expand markedly for the next several decades, the U.S.EPA is assessing if the aged are more susceptible to environmental toxicants. Th...
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EFFECT OF METHIMAZOLE, AN FMO SUBSTRATE AND COMPETITIVE INHIBITOR, ON THE NEUROTOXICITY OF 3,3'-IMINODIPROPIONITRILE IN MALE RATS |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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EFFECTS OF ACUTE PYRETHROID EXPOSURE ON THERMOREGULATION IN RATS. |
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Pyrethroid insecticides produce acute neurotoxicity in mammals. According to the FQPA mandate, the USEPA is required to consider the risk of cumulative toxicity posed to humans thr...
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EFFECTS OF PCB 84 ATROPISOMERS ON [3H]-PHORBOL ESTER BINDING IN RAT CEREBELLAR GRANULE CELLS AND 45CA2+-UPTAKE IN RAT CEREBELLUM. |
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There is evidence that Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners with ortho substituents have potential to cause neurotoxicity. Many PCB congeners implicated in these neurotoxic ef...
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EFFECTS OF PCB 84 ENANTIOMERS ON 3H-PHORBOL ESTER BINDING IN RAT CEREBELLAR GRANULE CELLS AND 45CA2+-UPTAKE IN RAT CEREBELLUM. |
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This is the first report showing the effects of 2,2,3,3,6-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 84) enantiomers on key neurochemical events involved in the development and function of the ner...
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EFFECTS OF PYRETHROIDS ON VOLTAGE-SENSITIVE CALCIUM CHANNELS: A CRITICAL EVALUATION OF STRENGTHS, WEAKNESSES, DATA NEEDS, AND RELATIONSHIP TO ASSESSMENT OF CUMULATIVE NEUROTOXICITY. |
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A recently published review (Soderlund et al., 2002, Toxicology 171, 3-59.) of the mechanisms of acute neurotoxicity of pyrethroid compounds postulated that voltage-sensitive calci...
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EFFECTS OF SUBSCUTE EXPOSURE TO NANOMOLAR CONCENTRATIONS OF METHYLMERCURY ON VOLTAGE-GATES SODIUM AND CALCIUM CURRENTS IN PC12 CELLS. |
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Methylmercury (CH3Hg+) alters the function of voltage-gated Na+ and Ca2+ channels in neuronal preparations following acute, in vitro, exposure. Because the developing nervous syste...
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ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF NEUROTOXICITY IN CHILDREN |
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Electrophysiological measures appropriate for use in neurotoxicity testing in children are reviewed. These methods include sensory evoked potentials (auditory brainstem, pattern-re...
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ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL MEASURES OF VISUAL AND AUDITORY FUNCTION AS INDICES OF NEUROTOXICITY (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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The application of auditory and visual evoked potential (VEP) to neurotoxicity testing of humans and animals is reviewed. VEPs elicited by flash, reversing-checkerboard patterns, a...
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ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS FOR NEUROTOXICITY FIELD TESTING: PEARL II AND ALTERNATIVES |
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Pearl II, a computerized battery of electrophysiological tests designed for neurotoxicity field testing, was developed a decade ago. he battery includes sensory evoked potentials (...
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ENHANCED NEUROTOXICITY OF 3,3-IMINODIPROPIONITRILE FOLLOWING PRETREATMENT WITH CARBON TETRACHLORIDE IN THE RAT |
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The present work tested the hypothesis that IDPN must be metabolized by the liver to an active metabolite to neurotoxic. Thus a reduction in IDPN neurotoxicity would be expected wh...
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ENHANCED SUSCEPTIBILITY TO KINDLING BY CHLORDIMEFORM MAY BE MEDIATED BY A LOCAL ANESTHETIC ACTION |
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Properties have been identified as mediators of formamidine neurotoxicity, m-2 adrenergic agonism and local anesthetic actions. hese two proposed mechanisms of formamidine action w...
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ENHANCED SUSCEPTIBILITY TO KINDLING BY CHLORDIMEFORM MAY BE MEDIATED BY ALOCAL ANESTHETIC ACTION |
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The formamidine pesticides amitraz and chlordimeform have recently been shown to be potent proconvulsants (Gilbert 1988). wo main neuroactive prosperities have been identified as m...
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ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENT DISABILITY |
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Abstract
A number of environmental agents have been shown to demonstrate neurotoxic effects either in human or laboratory animal studies. Critical windows of vulnerability ...
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EVALUATING MOLECULAR SITES OF ACTION FOR TOLUENE USING AN IN VIVO MODEL. |
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In vitro studies have demonstrated that toluene disrupts the function of several ion channels localized in the brain, including the NMDA-glutamate receptor. This has led to the...
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EVALUATING THE HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS OF HAZARDOUS WASTES: REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT, NEUROTOXICITY, GENETIC TOXICITY AND CANCER |
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Several approaches are available for characterizing potential toxicity of wastes. his paper describes biological tests which are appropriate for identifying waste as neurotoxic, ge...
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EVALUATING THE NMDA-GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR AS A SITE OF ACTION FOR TOLUENE USING PATTERN ELICITED VISUAL EVOKED POTENTIALS. |
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In vitro studies have demonstrated that toluene disrupts the function of NMDA-glutamate receptors, as well as other channels. This has led to the hypothesis that effects on NMDA r...
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EVALUATING THE NMDA-GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR AS A SITE OF ACTION FOR TOLUENE, IN VIVO |
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In vitro, toluene disrupts the function of NMDA-glutamate receptors, indicating that effects on NMDA receptor function may contribute to toluene neurotoxicity. NMDA-glutamate recep...
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EVALUATION AND INTERPRETATION OF NEURODEVELOPMENTAL ENDPOINTS FOR HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT -- POSITIVE CONTROL STUDIES, NORMAL VARIABILITY AND STATISTICAL ISSUES. |
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ILSI Research Foundation/Risk Science Institute convened an expert working group to assess the lessons learned from the implementation of the EPA Developmental Neurotoxicity (DNT) ...
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EVALUATION OF BEHAVIORAL TERATOGENIC EFFECTS |
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The evaluation of behavioral teratogenic effects in animal studies is discussed in light of the results of the Collaborative Behavioral Teratology Study (CBTS) and the U.S. EPA's g...
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EVALUATION OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY OF ORGANOTINS VIA DRINKING WATER IN RATS: MONOMETHYL TIN |
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Organotins such as monomethyltin (MMT) are widely used as heat stabilizers in PVC and CPVC piping. Because human exposure to organotins is widespread via drinking water and the he...
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EVALUATION OF HUMAN NEURAL PROGENITOR CELLS FOR DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY SCREENING: TIME COURSE OF EFFECTS ON CELL PROLIFERATION AND VIABILITY. |
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Current testing methods for developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) make evaluation of the effects of large numbers of chemicals impractical and prohibitively expensive. As such, we are ...
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EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY OF ORGANOTINS. |
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Organotins, including monomethyltin (MMT), dimethyltin (DMT), and dibutyltin (DBT), are widely used as heat stabilizers in PVC and CPVC piping, which results in their presence in ...
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EVALUTION OF COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN WEANLING RATS: A REVIEW OF METHODS SUITABLE FOR CHEMICAL SCREENING. |
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The current developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) guidelines for environmental agents require cognitive testing around the age of weaning as well as adulthood. There are challenges as...
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EVOKED POTENTIALS, PHYSIOLOGICAL METHODS WITH HUMAN APPLICATIONS |
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A number of tests and test batteries have been developed and implemented for detecting potential neurotoxicity in humans. n some cases test results may suggest specific dysfunction...
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EXAMINATION OF THE EFFECTS OF CHLORPYRIFOS ON DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESSES: EVALUATION OF BIOCHEMICAL, MORPHOLOGICAL, AND BEHAVIORAL INDICES OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY. |
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Until recently, the organophosphate pesticide, chlorpyrifos [CPF; O,O'diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) phosphorothionate] was one of the highest volume use pesticides in a non ...
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EXPLORING A FISH MODEL OF DEVELOPMENTAL ETHANOL NEUROTOXICITY. |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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EXPLORING A FISH MODEL OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY. |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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EXPOSURE DOSE REPONSE MODELING FOR THE EFFECTS OF HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS ON HEALTH: TRICHLOROETHYLENE |
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Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a neurotoxic volatile organic compound (VOC) that is produced in large quantities as a degreasing agent and general solvent, and it appears on the list o...
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EXPOSURE OF CHILDREN TO INDOOR MOLDS |
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Children now spend more than 90% of their time indoors. Thus, any exposure to indoor pollutants may be critical to their health. Molds are one of the most important pollutants ...
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EXPOSURE-DOSE-RESPONSE MODELING OF THE NEUROTOXIC EFFECTS OF ORGANIC SOLVENTS. |
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Risk assessments based on exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are hampered by the complexities of exposure scenarios, a lack of data regarding the mode of action of the V...
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Effects of brominated flame retardants on calcium buffering mechanisms in rat brain in vitro. |
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Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs; used as additive flame-retardants) have been detected in human blood, adipose tissue, and breast milk. Developmental and long-term exposures ...
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FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN AND THE CUPRIC SILVER DEGENERATION REACTION CAN BE USED AS SENSITIVE AND EARLY INDICATORS OF NEUROTOXICITY |
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The mammalian central nervous system is composed of a large and diverse array of its two principle cell types, neurons and glia. iven this extreme cellular heterogeneity, it is not...
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Functionally charged nanosize particles differentially activate BV2 microglia. |
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The effect of particle surface charge on the biological activation of immortalized mouse microglia (BV2) was examined. Nanosize (860-950 nm) spherical polystyrene microparticles (S...
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GANGLIOSIDE TREATMENT PARTIALLY COUNTERACTS NEUROTOXIC EFFECTS OF TRIMETHYLTIN BUT MAY ITSELF CAUSE NEUROTOXICITY IN RATS: EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND A CRITICAL REVIEW |
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We have demonstrated a deficit in working memory and/or consolidation of information in working memory into reference memory by a single oral dose of the neurotoxin trimethyltin (T...
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GLUTAMATE NEUROTOXICITY IN RAT AUDITORY SYSTEM: COCHLEAR NUCLEAR COMPLEX |
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In other systems such as the hypothalamus and hippocampus, it has been shown that cells postsynaptic with respect to glutamatergic inputs degenerate when exposed to large doses of ...
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GLUTAMATE NEUROTOXICITY IN THE DEVELOPING RAT COCHLEA IS ANTAGONIZED BY KUNURENIC ACID AND MK-801 |
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Glutamate (GLU) is neurotoxic in the neonatal rat cochlea, producing hearing impairment which is largely due to the death of spiral ganglion cells, whereas the receptor hair cells ...
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GLUTAMATE NEUROTOXICITY IN THE DEVELOPING RAT COCHLEA: PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL APPROACHES |
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The neurotoxic effects of exogenous glutamate were studied in the rat cochlea. lutamate-treated rats (4g/kg/day ip, postnatal days 2 through 9) exhibited electrophysiologically-mea...
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GUIDELINES FOR NEUROTOXICITY RISK ASSESSMENT |
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The Guidelines for Neurotoxicity Risk Assessment continue the guidelines development process initiated in 1984. These Guidelines set forth principles and procedures to guide EPA sc...
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HUMAN HEALTH IMPACTS OF EXPOSURE TO POPS |
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The Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) was adopted in 2001 to protect human health and the environment from chemicals that are highly toxic, persistent, b...
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IMMORTALIZED MICROGLIAL CELLS AS A MODEL SYSTEM FOR OXIDATIVE STRESS: PESTICIDE-INDUCED GENOMIC GHANGES. |
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In risk assessment there is a need to accelerate toxicological evaluation of vast numbers of chemicals. New programs focus on identifying common modes of action and on model syste...
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IMMUNE SYSTEM ONTOGENY AND DEVELOPMENTAL IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY |
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Animal testing for the identification and characterization of hazard(s), associated with exposure to toxic chemicals, is an accepted approach for identifying the potential risk to ...
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IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ORGANOPHOSPHATE INDUCED DELAYED NEUROTOXICITY: LOCALIZATION OF CALCIUM-CALMODULIN DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE II IN THE SPINAL CORD OF HENS TREATED WITH TRI-ORTHO-CRESYL PHOSPHATE. |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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IMPACT OF DOSE RATE ON THE NEUROTOXICITY OF ACRYLAMIDE: THE INTERACTION OF ADMINISTERED DOSE, TARGET TISSUE CONCENTRATIONS,TISSUE DAMAGE AND FUNCTIONAL EFFECTS |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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IMPLEMENTATION AND PROFICIENCY OF FEAR CONDITIONING FOR POTENTIAL USE IN DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY STUDIES. |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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IMPLICATION OF THE USE OF NEONATAL BIRTH WEIGHT, GROWTH, VIABILITY, AND SURVIVAL DATA FOR PREDICTING DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY: A SURVEY OF THE LITERATURE |
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Current screening strategies for developmental neurotoxicants emphasize extensive behavioral and histological examination of the nervous system of maternally-exposed offspring. n a...
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IN VITRO EFFECTS OF BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANS ON CALCIUM BUFFERING MECHANISMS IN RAT BRAINS. |
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Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely used as additive flame-retardants and have been detected in human blood, adipose tissue, and breast milk. Developmental and long-t...
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IN VITRO EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTALLY RELEVANT POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHER (PBDE) CONGENERS ON CALCIUM BUFFERING MECHANISMS IN RAT BRAIN |
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Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely used as additive flame-retardants and have been detected in human blood, adipose tissue, and breast milk. Developmental and long-t...
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IN VITRO SCREENING BATTERIES FOR NEUROTOXICANTS |
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The need to develop, validate and utilize in vitro models to test chemicals for neurotoxic potential is widely appreciated. his lecture discusses the major advantages and disadvant...
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IN VITRO STUDIES OF CHEMICAL EFFECTS ON GAP-JUNCTIONAL COMMUNICATION: ROLE OF BIOTRANSFORMATION IN TOXICANT DETECTION AND USE OF ASSAYS IN RISK ASSESSMENT |
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A correlation is emerging between the capacity of chemical substances to inhibit gap-junctional intercellular communication in vitro and their capacity to induce reproductive and d...
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IN VIVO INHIBITION OF CHICKEN BRAIN ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE AND NEUROTOXIC ESTERASE IN RELATION TO THE DELAYED NEUROTOXICITY OF LEPTOPHOS AND CYANOFENPHOS |
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An equimolal single dose (1 mmole/kg) of leptophos or cyanofenphos was given orally to chickens to assay the clinical and biochemical neurotoxic effects of these two organophosphor...
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INCREASED SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ADULTS FOLLOWING DEVELOPMENT EXPOSURE TO NEUROTOXICANTS: ANOTHER SUSCEPTIBLE POPULATION? |
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There is considerable public and regulatory interest in the adverse outcomes of developmental exposure to toxicants. The 1996 Food Quality Protection Act spurred research on under...
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INHALATIONAL EXPOSURE TO CARBONYL SULFIDE (COS) PRODUCES BRAIN LESIONS AND ALTERED BRAINSTEM AUDITORY (BAER) AND SOMATOSENSORY (SEP) EVOKED POTENTIALS IN FISHCER 344N RATS. |
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Because of the amount of carbonyl sulfide (COS) emissions and the lack of toxicological data, COS was listed in the Clean Air Act of 1990 as a Hazardous Air Pollutant. In 1999 COS ...
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INHIBITION OF HUMAN A7 NEURONAL NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS BY THE VOLATILE ORGANIC SOLVENT TRICHLOROETHYLENE. |
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Volatile organic compounds such as toleune, trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene are potent and reversible blockers of voltage-gated calcium current in nerve growth factor (NGF)...
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INTEGRATING EPIDEMIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY IN NEUROTOXICITY RISK ASSESSMENT. |
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Neurotoxicity risk assessments depend on the best available scientific information, including data from animal toxicity, human experimental studies and human epidemiology studies. ...
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INTEGRATING EPIDEMIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY IN NEUROTOXICITY RISK ASSESSMENT. |
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This manuscript provides an overview of the use of data from toxicology and epidemiology studies for neurotoxicity risk assessment. Parameters such as the use of subjects, study d...
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INTERNAL DOSE AND RESPONSE IN REAL-TIME. |
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Abstract: Rapid temporal fluctuations in exposure may occur in a number of situations such as accidents or other unexpected acute releases of airborne substances. Often risk asses...
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INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING AND DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY. |
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A book chapter in ?Molecular Toxicology: Transcriptional Targets? reviewed the role of intracellular signaling in the developmental neurotoxicity of environmental chemicals. This ...
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INVESTIGATIONS OF AMITRAZ NEUROTOXICITY IN RATS - IV. ASSESSMENT OF TOXICITY SYNDROME USING A FUNCTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL BATTERY |
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A functional observational battery (FOB) was utilized to provide a quantitative description of the hyperreactivity, excitability, and debilitation produced by amitraz. dult male Lo...
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INVESTIGATIONS OF AMITRAZ NEUROTOXICITY IN RATS. 1. EFFECTS ON OPERANT PERFORMANCE (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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Amitraz (AMZ), a formamidine pesticide, displayed a unique spectrum of neurobehavioral effects which differed from that of the prototypic formamidine, chlordimeform (CDM). In male ...
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INVESTIGATIONS OF AMITRAZ NEUROTOXICITY IN RATS. 2. EFFECTS ON VISUAL EVOKED POTENTIALS |
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Investigations of amitraz neurotoxicity in rats. II. Effects on visual evoked potentials. Boyes, W.K. and Moser, V.C. (1986) Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 00,000-000. As a part of a serie...
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INVESTIGATIONS OF AMITRAZ NEUROTOXICITY IN RATS. III. EFFECTS ON MOTOR ACTIVITY AND INHIBITION OF MONOAMINE OXIDASE |
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The formamidine pesticide amitraz (AMZ) produces many behavioral and physiological changes in rats. o explore possible neurochemical mechanisms for the behavioral effects of AMZ, w...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR HYDROGEN SULFIDE (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a colorless gas with a strong odor of rotten eggs. Its primary uses include the production of elemental sulfur and sulfuric acid, the manufacture of heavy...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR TRICHLOROETHYLENE |
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This assessment presents EPA's most current evaluation of the potential health risks from exposure to TCE (trichloroethylene). TCE exposure is associated with several adverse heal...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR XYLENES (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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This draft assessment is a reevaluation of the toxicity of mixed xylenes. Mixed xylenes consists of the three isomers of xylenes and commonly contains ethylbenzene. Xylenes expos...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW OF BENZENE (NONCANCER EFFECTS) (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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Benzene is a widely used as an industrial solvent, an intermediate in chemical synthesis of commercial products, and a component of gasoline. The potential for human exposure via i...
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IS DELAYED NEUROTOXICITY A PROPERTY OF ALL ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS. A STUDY WITH A MODEL COMPOUND: PARATHION |
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A recently reported hypothesis of other investigators that the induction of delayed neurotoxicity is a property of all organophosphorus compounds including parathion was evaluated ...
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ISOTONIC DOSE-RESPONSE MODELING OF THE TRANSCRIPTIONAL RESPONSE OF RAT CEREBROCORTICAL TISSUE AFTER ACUTE PYRETHROID EXPOSURE IN VIVO. |
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Pyrethroid insecticides produce neurotoxicity in mammals by disrupting ion channel function in excitable nerve membranes. Pyrethroid use has increased as regulatory guidelines have...
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LEARNING AND MEMORY MEASURES |
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Complaints suggestive of impaired cognitive function often number among the adverse effects associated with exposure to toxicants, such as methylmercury, lead, and polybrominated b...
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LEARNING AND MEMORY TESTS IN DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY TESTING: A CROSS-LABORATORY COMPARISON OF CONTROL DATA. |
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The US EPA Developmental Neurotoxicity (DNT) Study Test Guideline (OPPTS 870.6300) calls for functional tests to assess the impact of chemicals on cognitive function in offspring...
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LEARNING AND MEMORY: CONSIDERATIONS FOR TOXICOLOGY |
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The goal of the present paper is to outline a strategy for assessing chemical induced dysfunction of learning and memory in laboratory animals. owards that end, several questions a...
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MACROPHYSIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF ORGANOMETAL NEUROTOXICITY |
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Neurophysiological methods fall into two broad categories, macrophysiological and microphysiological. The unit of analysis for microphysiological methods is cellular or subcellular...
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MANAGING EXPOSURES TO NEUROTOXIC AIR POLLUTANTS. |
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Researchers at EPA's National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory are developing a biologically-based dose-response model to describe the neurotoxic effects of exp...
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MANGANESE NEUROTOXICITY, A CONTINUUM OF DYSFUNCTION: RESULTS FROM A COMMUNITY BASED STUDY |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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METHODS TO IDENTIFY AND CHARACTERIZE DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY FOR HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT I: BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS. |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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METHODS TO IDENTIFY AND CHARACTERIZE DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY FOR HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT II: NEUROPATHOLOGY. |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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METHYLMERCURY EFFECTS ON ION CHANNELS AND ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY IN NEURONS: FUTURE DIRECTIONS. |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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MIXED EFFECTS REGRESSION MODELS FOR RISK ASSESSMENT OF NEUROTOXICITY |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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MODE OF ACTION OF DIOXIN-LIKE VERSUS NON-DIOXIN-LIKE PCBS |
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Exposure of humans to polychlorinated biphenyls has been associated with different adverse effects such as immune impairment, changes in hormone levels, reproductive and neuropsyc...
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MODE OF ACTION: NEUROTOXICITY INDUCED BY DEVELOPMENTAL THYROID HORMONE INSUFFICIENCY -- NEUROLOGICAL ABNORMALITIES RESULTING FROM EXPOSURE TO PROPYLTHIOURACIL. |
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A manuscript summarizes a workshop aimed at developing a framework to determine the relevancy of animal modes-of-action for extrapolation to humans. This specific report used anima...
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MODE OF ACTION: NEUROTOXICITY INDUCED BY THYROID HORMONE DISRUPTION DURING DEVELOPMENT - HEARING LOSS RESULTING FROM EXPOSURE TO PHAHS. |
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A manuscript summarizes a workshop aimed at developing a framework to determine the relevancy of animal modes-of-action for extrapolation to humans. This specific report used anima...
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MOMENTARY BRAIN CONCENTRATION OF TRICHLOROETHYLENE PREDICTS THE EFFECTS ON RAT VISUAL FUNCTION. |
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This manuscript demonstrates that the level neurological impairment following acute reversible exposure to trichloroethylene, a volatile organic compound, is more accurately descri...
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MOTOR ACTIVITY IN DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY TESTING: A CROSS-LABORATORY COMPARISON OF CONTROL DATA. |
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The USEPA Developmental Neurotoxicity (DNT) Study Test Guideline (OPPTS 870.6300) calls for a battery of functional and neuropathological assessments in offspring during and follow...
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MOVING FROM EXTERNAL EXPOSURE CONCENTRATION TO INTERNAL DOSE: DURATION EXTRAPOLATION BASED ON PHYSIOLOGICALLY-BASED PHARMACOKINETIC-MODEL DERIVED ESTIMATES OF INTERNAL DOSE |
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The potential human health risk(s) from exposure to chemicals under conditions for which adequate human or animal data are not available must frequently be assessed. Exposure scen...
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NANOMETER DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES ARE NEUROTOXIC TO DOPAMINERGIC NEURONS THROUGH MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION. |
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NANOMETER DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES ARE NEUROTOXIC TO DOPAMINERGIC NEURONS THROUGH MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION. M.L. Block1,2, X. Wu1, P. Zhong1, G. Li1, T. Wang1, J.S. Hong1 & B.Veronesi...
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NANOSIZE TITANIA STIMULATES REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES IN BRAIN MICROGLIA AND DAMAGES NEURONS. |
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Research that addresses the environmental impact and biological consequences of widely distributed, commonly used nanoparticles is needed. Nanosize titanium dioxide (i.e., titan...
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NEONATAL EXPOSURE TO TRIETHYLTIN DISRUPTS OLFACTORY DISCRIMINATION LEARNING IN PREWEANLING RATS |
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Triethyltin is an organotin compound which Is known to produce neurotoxicity in both adult and developing organisms. lthough, this neurotoxicIty has been documented with a variety ...
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NEONATAL EXPOSURE TO TRIMETHYLTIN DISRUPTS SPATIAL DELAYED ALTERNATION LEARNING IN PREWEANLING RATS |
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Trimethyltin is an organotin compound that produces potent neurotoxicity in both adult and developing animals. he limbic system is a primary CNS target site for this toxicity and a...
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NERVOUS-SYSTEM SPECIFIC PROTEINS AS BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF NEUROTOXICITY |
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Recent advances in neuroimmunology and protein purification methodology have led to the identification of nervous-system specific proteins. Their intimate relationship to the cellu...
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NEUROBEHAVIORAL AND COGNITIVE OUTCOMES OF PERINATAL/JUVENILE EXPOSURE TO HEPTACHLOR IN RATS. |
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The developing nervous system has been identified as a potential target of pesticide exposure. Heptachlor is a cyclodiene pesticide that was widely used for many years, yet little...
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NEUROBEHAVIORAL DATA INTERPRETATION IN NEUROTOXICITY STUDIES: FOB, MOTOR ACTIVITY AND FUNCTION |
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Neurobehavioral evaluations are emerging as a key component in neurotoxicity testing. The tests most often used for screening are the functional observational battery (FOB) and mo...
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NEUROBEHAVIORAL DATA TO IMPROVE RISK ASSESSMENTS OF MANGANESE NEUROTOXICITY |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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NEUROBEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF CHRONIC DIETARY AND REPEATED HIGH-LEVEL SPIKE EXPOSURE TO CHLORPYRIFOS IN RATS. |
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This study aimed to model long-term subtoxic human exposure to an organophosphorus pesticide, chlorpyrifos, and to examine the influence of that exposure on the response to intermi...
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NEUROBEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS IN CZECH CHILDREN |
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Ambient levels of SO2, NOx, PAHs and heavy metals are elevated in Northern Bohemia as a result of intensive mining and combustion of brown coal. To assess the neurotoxicological...
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NEUROBEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF TOLUENE: A REVIEW |
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Toluene appears to produce reversible effects upon liver, renal and nervous systems. Its usual route of intake is via respiration. The nervous system appears to be the most sensiti...
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NEUROBEHAVIORAL METHODS USED IN NEUROTOXICOLOGICAL RESEARCH |
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Exposure to chemicals in the environment and workplace can have adverse effects on the nervous system. ehavioral endpoints are being used with greater frequency in the hazard ident...
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NEUROBEHAVIORAL TESTING IN ANIMALS AND THE APPLICATION TO RISK ASSESSMENT. |
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Neurobehavioral evaluations are emerging as a key component in neurotoxicity testing. The tests most often used for screening are the functional observational battery (FOB) and mo...
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NEURON-SPECIFIC PHOSPHOPROTEINS AS BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF NEUROTOXICITY: EFFECTS OF ACUTE ADMINISTRATION OF TRIMETHYLTIN TO THE ADULT RAT |
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The cytoarchitecture of the adult central nervous system is expressed by proteins specific to individual cell types. In this investigation, a subclass of these proteins, the neuron...
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NEURONS COMPRISING A HETEROTOPIA INDUCED BY DEVELOPMENTAL HYPOTHYROIDISM ARE BORN LATE IN GESTATION. |
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We previously described an abnormal cluster of neurons, a heterotopia, located in the corpus callosum in rat pups born to dams exposed to the goitrogen, propylthiouracil (PTU, Good...
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NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL MEASURES FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO NEUROTOXIC AGENTS |
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A wide variety of electrophysiological techniques are available for use in detection and characterization of neurotoxicity. One of these techniques, the flash evoked potential, or ...
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NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL TESTING OF NEUROTOXICITY |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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NEUROTOXIC EFFECTS OF COLCHICINE |
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Neurotoxicants have found increasing use as tools to study the structure and function of the central nervous system. ne class of compounds which block mitosis and disrupt axoplasmi...
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NEUROTOXICANT 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,36-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE (MPTP) ALTERS IMMUNE FUNCTION WHEN GIVEN IN COMBINATION WITH DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE (DDC) |
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The T-cell suppression induced by the dopaminergic neurotoxicant, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) can be reversed if treatment is proceeded by low dosages of di...
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NEUROTOXICITY CHEMICAL MIXTURES: AN EXAMPLE OF OTOTOXICITY PRODUCED BY COMBINED SOLVENTS. |
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There are relatively few studies in the experimental literature examining the toxicity of combined exposure to environmental neurotoxicants. In the absence of experimental data, r...
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NEUROTOXICITY EVALUATION OF DIBUTYLTIN IN ADULT RATS. |
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Dibutyltin (DBT) is widely used as a stabilizer in products such as PVC piping and food
wrapping, and has been detected in the environment (water samples, house dust) as wel...
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NEUROTOXICITY OF ACRYLAMIDE AND 2,5-HEXANEDIONE IN RATS EVALUATED USING A FUNCTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL BATTERY AND PATHOLOGICAL EXAMINATION |
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The clinical effects of two neurotoxicants, acrylamide and 2,5-hexanedione, were compared in rats using a functional observational battery (FOB), which includes a series of home ca...
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NEUROTOXICITY OF CARBARYL IN THE AGING BROWN NORWAY RAT: EFFECTS ON CORE TEMPERATURE AND MOTOR ACTIVITY. |
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The US EPA is pursuing a variety of research efforts to assess the susceptibility of the aged to neurotoxicants. The BN strain is a popular animal model for aging studies but there...
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NEUROTOXICITY OF CARBONYL SULFIDE IN F344 RATS FOLLOWING INHALATION EXPOSURE FOR UP TO 12 WEEKS. |
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Carbonyl sulfide (COS) was nominated to the National Toxicology Program for testing in 1996 due to emissions levels and a lack of data. Through an inter-agency collaboration, fun...
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NEUROTOXICITY OF ETHYL METHACRYLATE IN RATS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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NEUROTOXICITY OF PARATHION-INDUCED ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION IN NEONATAL RATS |
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The biochemical and morphological neurotoxic effects of postnatal acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition were examined in rat pups dosed with parathion, at time points critical to ...
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NEUROTOXICITY OF PERSISTENT ORGANIC CHEMICALS. |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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NEUROTOXICITY OF POPS. |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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NEUROTOXICITY OF TETRACHLOROETHYLENE (PERCHLOROETHYLENE): DISCUSSION PAPER |
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This paper is a background document for a meeting of neurotoxicity experts to discuss the central nervous system effects of exposure to perchloroethylene (perc). The document re...
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NEUROTOXICITY PRODUCED BY DIBROMOACETIC ACID IN DRINKING WATER OF RATS. |
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This manuscript examines the neurotoxic potential of a commonly found disinfection by-product (DBP), dibromoacetic acid (DBA). While the Safe Drinking Water Act requires evaluatio...
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NEUROTOXICITY RESULTING FROM COEXPOSURE TO PYRIDOSTIGMINE BROMIDE, DEET, AND PERMETHRIN: IMPLICATIONS OF GULF WAR CHEMICAL EXPOSURES |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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NEUROTOXICITY TESTING IN HUMAN POPULATIONS: WORKSHOP OVERVIEW |
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A workshop was held in October 1983 at Rougemont, NC to review strategies and methods for neurotoxicity testing in human populations. Behavioral and electrophysiological testing me...
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NEUROTOXICITY TESTING OF AGRICULTURAL WORKERS EXPOSED TO PESTICIDES |
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The farmer has been one of the major beneficiaries of the chemical revolution that has occurred over the past half century. The development of new fertilizers, pesticides, herbicid...
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NEUROTOXICOLOGY IN REGULATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT |
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The paper is to be published in the proceedings of a conference on learning disabilities. It summarizes the need for neurotoxicology data in risk assessment, the regulatory agencie...
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NEUROTYPIC AND GLIOTYPIC PROTEINS AS BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF NEUROTOXICITY |
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Exposure of the developing or mature nervous system to neurotoxic xenobiotics results in complex behavioral, physiological and morphological alterations. With few exceptions, a bio...
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NEUROXOTOXICITY PRODUCED BY DIBROMOACETIC ACID IN DRINKING WATER OF RATS. |
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The Safe Drinking Water Act requires that EPA consider noncancer endpoints for the assessment of adverse human health effects of disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Dibromoacetic acid...
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NEW METHODS TO SCREEN FOR DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY. |
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The development of alternative methods for toxicity testing is driven by the need for scientifically valid data (i.e. predictive of a toxic effect) that can be obtained in a rapid ...
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NON-INVASIVE ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL MONITORING: A SENSITIVE METHOD FOR DETECTING SUBLETHAL NEUROTOXICITY IN EARTHWORMS |
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Earthworms were exposed, by external surface contact, to three chemical pollutants: dieldrin (a known neurotoxicant), dimethyl phthalate and fluorene (a possible neurotoxicant). Af...
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NON-INVASIVE NEUROTOXICITY ASSAY USING LARVAL MEDAKA |
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We present a method for non-invasive electrophysiological analysis of rapid escape responses in intact, freely behaving larval medaka (Oryzias latipes) before and after short-term ...
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NTP-CERHR EXPERT PANEL REPORT ON THE REPRODUCTIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY OF ACRYLAMIDE |
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The National Toxicology Program Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproduction (NTP-CERHR) convened an expert panel in May 2004 to evaluate acrylamide. The report of the ...
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Neurobehavioral toxicity testing for risk assessment. |
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Neurobehavioral evaluations are key components in neurotoxicity testing. In the realm of regulatory testing, these evaluations range from a functional observational battery (FOB) ...
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Neurotoxicity and Immunotoxicity Outcomes following Gestational Exposure to Four Lab Drinking Water Concentrates |
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To evaluate whether developmental exposure to drinking water concentrates altered other endpoints, standard neuro- and immunotoxicity tests were conducted on the offspring. Male a...
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OBSERVATIONAL BATTERIES IN NEUROTOXICITY TESTING. |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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ONTOGENETIC ALTERATIONS IN PROTOTYPICAL FACTORS IN THE CEREBELLUM AND HIPPOCAMPUS FOLLOWING PERINATAL EXPOSURE TO A COMMERCIAL PCB MIXTURE. |
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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are prevalent in the environment despite the ban of their use for decades and offers as a model to understand developmental neurotoxicity of persis...
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ONTOGENY OF PROTEINS ASSOCIATED WITH NEURITE GROWTH AND SYNAPTOGENESIS IN CEREBELLAR GRANULE CELLS IN VITRO. |
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In vitro techniques may be useful in screening for effects of developmental neurotoxicants. Previously, we characterized changes in biochemical markers associated with neuronal dev...
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ONTOGENY OF PROTEINS FOR USE AS BIOMARKERS OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY. |
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The developing nervous system can be uniquely susceptible to adverse effects following exposure to environmental chemicals, and several advisory panels (e.g. ILSI, NRC, NAS) have h...
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OVERVIEW AND EVALUATION OF NEUROBEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF FLAME RETARDANTS IN LABORATORY ANIMALS. |
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Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants are used worldwide and have been detected in numerous environmental, including human, samples. Concern has been raised regard...
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OVERVIEW OF EXPOSURE TO DIOXIN-LIKE COMPOUNDS AND PCBS ON DEVELOPMENTAL, IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE, AND HORMONE-RELATED EFFECTS IN MAMMALS, INCLUDING HUMANS |
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Exposure to TCDD and related compounds leads to a plethora of effects in multiple species, tissues and stages of development. The response spectrum ranges from simple biochemical ...
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OVERVIEW: USING MODE OF ACTION AND LIFE STAGE INFORMATION TO EVALUATE THE HUMAN RELEVANCE OF ANIMAL TOXICITY DATA. |
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A manuscript summarizes a workshop aimed at developing a framework to determine the relevancy of animal modes-of-action for extrapolation to humans. A complete mode of action huma...
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PBDE CONTAMINATION OF U.S. FOOD AND HUMAN MILK, AND PBDE, PCDD/F, PCB, AND LEVELS IN U. S. HUMAN BLOOD (1973 AND 2003) |
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Introduction
Historical exposure trends to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) indicate that the primary route of exposure in humans is traditionally dietary intake, contributi...
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PBDES: TOXICOLOGY UPDATE |
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Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been major commercial products used as flame retardants. While two of the commercial mixtures, Penta and Octa, have either been withdra...
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PCB 84: DISPOSITION AND TOXICITY |
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The findings of this study may have important implications for understanding the mechanism of neurotoxicity of chiral PCB congeners and further investigations of the disposition an...
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PCB-INDUCED CHANGES IN THE DNA BINDING OF SEVERAL TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPING CEREBELLUM. |
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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a class of persistent chemical pollutants prevalent in the environment despite the ban of their use for decades. Disturbances in brain developm...
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PERCHLOROETHYLENE (PERC) INHIBITS FUNCTION OF VOLTAGE-GATED CALCIUM CHANNELS IN PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA CELLS. |
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The industrial solvent perchloroethylene (PERC) is listed as a hazardous air pollutant in the 1990 Ammendments to Clean Air Act and is a known neurotoxicant. However, the mechanism...
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PERINATAL DIMETHYLTIN EXPOSURE ALTERS SPATIAL LEARNING ABILITY IN ADULT RATS. |
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Dimethyltin (DMT) is widely used as a heat and light stabilizer in PVC and CPVC piping, and has been detected in domestic water supplies. Due to the lack of developmental neurotoxi...
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PERMETHRIN BUT NOT DELTAMETHRIN INCREASES SPONTANEOUS GLUTAMATE RELEASE FROM HIPPOCAMPAL NEURONS IN CULTURE. |
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This manuscript provides important information relevant to the cumulative risk assessment of pyrethroid insecticides. Others have proposed that pyrethroid effects on voltage-gated ...
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PHYSIOLOGICAL METHODS FOR ASSESSMENT OF TIMETHYLTIN EXPOSURE |
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Trimethyltin has been reported to produce morphological alterations in the brain which are primarily restricted to the limbic system. A variety of physiological measures of limbic ...
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POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY OF ANATOXIN-A, A CYANOBACTERIAL TOXIN |
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Anatoxin-a acts as a neuro-muscular blocking agent. Acute toxicity is characterized by rapid onset of paralysis, tremors, convulsions, and death. Human exposures may occur from r...
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POTENTIATION OF ORGANOPHOSPHORUS-INDUCED DELAYED NEUROTOXICITY BY PHENYLMETHYLSULFONYL FLUORIDE |
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It is well known that pretreatment with the serine esterase inhibitor phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) can protect experimental animals from organophosphorus-induced delayed ne...
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PRELIMINARY EVIDENCE OF NEUROTOXICITY ASSOCIATED WITH EATING FISH FROM THE UPPER ST. LAWRENCE RIVER LAKES |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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PRINCIPLES OF IDENTIFYING AND CHARACTERIZING NEUROTOXICITY |
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There is currently considerable interest in the neurotoxic effects of environmental pollutants. ome of this interest is due to epidemiological, clinical and laboratory studies show...
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PRIORITIES FOR BIOLOGIC MARKERS RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH |
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Recent advances in molecular and cellular biology allow for measurement of biologic events or substances that may provide markers of exposure, effect or susceptibility in humans. h...
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PROLONGER NEUROBEHAVIORAL AND VISUAL EFFECTS OF SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE TO 3,3'-IMINODIPROPIONITRILE (IDPN) IN RATS |
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Strategies for neurotoxicity testing often include initial screening tests, such as a functional observational battery (FOB) and motor activity assessment, followed by detailed cha...
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PYRETHROID MODULATION OF SPONTANEOUS NEURONAL EXCITABILITY AND NEUROTRANSMISSION IN HIPPOCAMPAL NEURONS IN CULTURE |
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Pyrethroid insecticides have potent actions on voltage-gated sodium channels, inhibiting inactivation and increasing channel open times. These are thought to underlie, at least in ...
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QUANTITATIVE FEATURES OF REACTIVE GLIOSIS FOLLOWING TOXICANT-INDUCED DAMAGE OF THE CNS |
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A characteristic feature of chemical-induced damage of the nervous system is selectivity; exposure to different nervous toxicants results in damage to different brain regions and c...
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QUANTITATIVE MODELING APPROACHES TO PREDICTING THE ACUTE NEUROTOXICITY OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOCS). |
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Lack of complete and appropriate human data requires prediction of the hazards for exposed human populations by extrapolation from available animal and in vitro data. Predictive mo...
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QUANTITATIVE MORPHOLOGY |
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Abstract: In toxicology, the role of quantitative assessment of brain morphology can be understood in the context of two types of treatment-related alterations. One type of alter...
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Quantitative comparisons of the actute neurotoxicity of toulene in rats and humans. |
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The behavioral and neurophysiological effects of acute exposure to toluene are the most thoroughly explored of all the hydrocarbon solvents. Behavioral effects have been experiment...
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RAT AND HUMAN SENSORY EVOKED POTENTIALS AND THE PREDICTABILITY OF HUMAN NEUROTOXICITY FROM RAT DATA |
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The development of comprehensive quantitative models as alternatives to risk assessment based on uncertainty factors will require many steps, among them consideration of the relati...
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REFERENCE DOSE FOR METHYLMERCURY (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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In 1997, U.S. EPA issued the Mercury Study Report to Congress (MSRC). Among the assessments in the MSRC was a state-of-the-science evaluation of the health effects of methylmerc...
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REFLEX MODIFICATION: AN APPROACH TO INCORPORATE INTO A DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY (DNT) STUDY DESIGN WITH COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT. |
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Reflex modification (RM) of the startle response is a very useful tool for testing sensory function and the integrity of a well-defined complement of neural circuits. Advantages o...
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RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN BIOMARKERS OF EXPOSURE AND NEUROLOGICAL EFFECTS IN A GROUP OF WORKERS EXPOSED TO ACRYLAMIDE |
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A study was performed among 41 workers heavily exposed to a mixture of acrylamide and acrylonitrile in Henan province of China. The workers underwent a complete medical and neurolo...
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RELATIVE POTENCIES FOR ACUTE EFFECTS OF PYRETHROIDS ON MOTOR FUNCTION IN RATS. |
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A manuscript reports data from initial studies on the cumulative risk of pyrethroid insecticides. The objective of this work was to characterize individual dose-response curves for...
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RELEVANCE OF VISUAL EFFECTS OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS TO HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT |
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Traditional measures of neurotoxicity have included assessment of sensory, cognitive, and motor function. Visual system function and the neurobiological substrates are well charac...
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RELIABILITY OF SELECTED TESTS FROM THE NEUROBEHAVIORAL EVALUATION SYSTEM |
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The Neurobehavioral Testing System (NES) is a microprocessor-based testing system designed for neurotoxicity testing the laboratory and field. est-retest data from 12 NES tests obt...
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REPORT OF THE NEUROTOXICITY RISK ASSESSMENT GUIDELINES PEER REVIEW WORKSHOP |
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On June 2 and 3, 1992, EPA's Risk Assessment Forum sponsored a workshop for peer review of draft EPA guidelines for neurotoxicity risk assessment. Participants from academia, indus...
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REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY OF A SINGLE DOSE OF 1,3-DINITROBENZENE IN TWO AGES OF YOUNG ADULT MALE RATS |
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These studies evaluated the reproductive response and the possible influence of testicular maturation on the reproductive parameters, in male rats treated with 1,3-Dinitrobenzene (...
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REVIEW OF INTERACTIONS BETWEEN LEAD AND ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS |
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Recent clinical evidence indicates that in humans subchronic exposure to Pb during development can result in decreased developmental scores and behavioral alterations in the absenc...
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RISK ASSESSMENT GUIDELINES UPDATE, 1988 |
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In 1986, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency issued five guidelines for conducting risk assessments. The authors describe the process used by EPA to evaluate the health effect...
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RISK CHARACTERIZATION OF PERSISTENT NEUROTOXIC CONTAMINANTS |
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Neurotoxicity is an adverse change in structure or function of the central and/or peripheral nervous system following exposure to a chemical, physical, or biological agent. Thousa...
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ROLE OF NEUROTOXIC ESTERASE (NTE) IN THE PREVENTION AND POTENTIATION OF ORGANOPHOSPHORUS-INDUCED DELAYED NEUROTOXICITY (OPIDN) |
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The first step in the initiation of organophosphorus-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN) is proposed to be the phosphorylation of an enzyme found in the nervous system called neurot...
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ROLE OF NMDA, NICOTINIC, AND GABA RECEPTORS IN THE STEADY STATE VISUAL EVOKED POTENTIAL IN RATS. |
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This manuscript characterizes the receptor pathways involved in pattern-evoked potential generation in rats
" NMDA and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors appear to be involv...
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ROLE OF TEMPERATURE STRESS AND OTHER FACTORS IN THE NEUROTOXICITY OF THE SUBSTITUTED AMPHETAMINES: 3,4-METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE AND FENFLURAMINE |
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Amphetamines (AMPS) can cause long-term depletions in striatal dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) and these decrements are often accepted as prima facie evidence of AMP-induced dam...
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Reproductive toxicity of a single dose of 1,3-dinitrobenzene in two ages of young adult male rats |
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These studies evaluated the reproductive response and the possible influence of testicular maturation on the reproductive parameters, in male rats treated with 1,3-dinitrobenzene (...
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SELECTIVE CHANGES IN BRAIN PROTEIN KINASE C ISOFORMS FOLLOWING DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE TO A PCB MIXTURE. |
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Introduction
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) offer a unique model to understand the major issues related to complex environmental mixtures. These environmental pollutants are u...
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SENSORY EFFECTS OF HUMAN EXPOSURE TO ARSENIC IN DRINKING WATER |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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SENSORY EVOKED POTENTIALS: MEASURES OF NEUROTOXICITY |
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There is a need for tests of sensory function to be incorporated in laboratory and toxicity testing. t is clear that sensory dysfunction may frequently occur, but go undetected, in...
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SICK BUILDING SYNDROME: POSSIBLE ASSOCIATIONS WITH EXPOSURE TO MYCOTOXINS FROM INDOOR AIR FUNGI. |
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Introduction. Chronic human illness associated with residential or occupational buildings, commonly referred to as sick building syndrome (SBS), may be a multifactorial condition, ...
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SODIUM CHANNELS (NAV1.2/B1) EXPRESSED IN XENOPUS OOCYTES DEMONSTRATE SENSITIVITY TO PYRETHROIDS. |
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Voltage-sensitive sodium channels (VSSCs) are hypothesized to be a primary target of pyrethroid insecticides. However, multiple isoforms of VSSCs exist and the sensitivity of diffe...
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SPLICE VARIANT SPECIFIC UPREGULATIONOF CA+2/CALMODULIN DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE 1G BY PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES IN VIVO. |
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Pyrethroid insecticides induce neurotoxicity in mammals by interfering with ion channel function in excitable neuronal membranes. Previous work demonstrated dose-dependent increas...
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STANDARDS OF FUNCTIONAL MEASUREMENTS IN OCULAR TOXICOLOGY. |
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The visual system, like other sensory systems, may be a frequent target of exposure to toxic chemicals. A thorough evaluation of visual toxicity should include both structural a...
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STATISTICAL APPROACH TO BRAIN MORPHOMETRY DATA REQUIRED IN DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY (DNT) TESTING GUIDELINES: PROFILE ANALYSIS. |
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Brain morphometry measurements are required in test guidelines proposed by the USEPA to screen chemicals for developmental neurotoxicity. Because the DNT is a screening battery,...
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STRAIN COMPARISONS OF DFB NEUROTOXICITY IN RATS |
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The purpose of this study was to assess intraspecies differences in behavioral and autonomic function in three strains of rat following administration of diisopropyl fluorophosphat...
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STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY COMPARISON OF ORGANOTIN SPECIES: DIBUTYLTIN IS A DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICANT IN VITRO AND IN VIVO. |
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This manuscript compares the toxicity of a number of organotin species present in drinking water using a set of in vitro assays that model neuronal differentiation, and viability a...
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STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP AMONG ORGANOTINS IN AN IN VITRO MODEL OF NEURONAL DIFFERENTIATION AND PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH. |
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The organotins are used as heat stabilizers in PVC pipes and as marine biocides. Human exposure to monomethyltin (MMT) and dimethyltin (DMT) can occur in the water supply as a res...
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STUDY DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS IN DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICOLOGY |
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It is widely accepted that exposure to environmental factors during development can result in effects other than death, gross structural abnormality or altered growth. ne area of c...
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SUMMARY OF WORKSHOP III: EVOKED POTENTIALS |
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The application of visual (VEP) and chemosensory evoked potentials (CSEP) in occupational and environmental health is briefly reviewed. VEPs have been used extensively in experimen...
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SUMMARY REPORT OF THE PEER REVIEW WORKSHOP ON THE NEUROTOXICITY OF TETRACHLOROETHYLENE (PERCHLOROETHYLENE) DISCUSSION PAPER |
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The report, Summary Report of the Peer Review Workshop on the Neurotoxicity of Tetrachloroethylene (Perchloroethylene) Discussion, summarizes the discussions at a February 2...
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Sustainable environmental nanotechnology using nanoparticle surface modification. |
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Reactive nanomaterials used for environmental remediation require surface modification to make them mobile in the subsurface. Nanomaterials released into the environment inadverte...
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TEMPORAL DISTURBANCES IN INTRACELLULAR CA2+ HOMEOSTASIS INDUCED BY AROCLOR 1254. |
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Introduction
Despite their well documented association with developmental neurotoxicity, the mechanisms of action of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on neurons are not well und...
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TESTING FOR DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY: CURRENT APPROACHES AND FUTURE NEEDS. |
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There are many adverse effects on the nervous system following exposure to environmental chemicals during development. In a number of cases (e.g., lead, methyl mercury) the deve...
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THE ANALYSIS OF MIXED DISCRETE AND CONTINUOUS OUTCOMES USING DESIRABILITY FUNCTIONS. |
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Multiple types of outcomes are sometimes measured on each animal in toxicology dose-response experiments, and multiple analyses may increase the overall type I error. One approa...
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THE EFFECT OF GESTATIONAL MERCURY VAPOR EXPOSURE ON RAT BRAIN A-SYNUCLEIN EXPRESSION. |
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Alpha-synuclein is a highly conserved protein that localizes to pre-synaptic terminals and is thought to play a role in neuronal plasticity. It is upregulated developmentally and ...
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THE EFFECTS OF LOW DOSE PTU ON ENDPOINTS OF THYROID HORMONE ACTION IN THE DEVELOPING BRAIN. |
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Thyroid hormone (TH) is essential for normal brain development. Therefore, there is concern that any factor that reduces TH levels may permanently alter brain development. As par...
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THE EFFECTS OF PESTICIDES ON HUMAN HEALTH: PROCEEDINGS OF A WORKSHOP |
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This document presents the results of a workshop held from May 9 to 11, 1988, in Keystone, Colorado, focused on the potential chronic health effects of pesticides. eventy expert pa...
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THE NEUROTOXICANT TRIMETHYLTIN INDUCES APOPTOSIS VIA CASPASE ACTIVATION, P38 PROTEIN KINASE, AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN PC12 CELLS. |
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This manuscript describes in vitro cell signaling mechanisms involved in trimethyltin-induced neurotoxicity. The signaling pathways and effects presage effects on developmental pro...
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THE PRESENCE OF A B SUBUNIT INCREASES SENSITIVITY OF SODIUM CHANNEL NAV1.3, BUT NOT NAV1.2, TO TYPE II PYRETHROIDS. |
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Voltage-sensitive sodium channels (VSSCs) are a primary target of pyrethroid insecticides. VSSCs are comprised of a pore-forming ¿ and auxillary ß subunits, and multiple isoforms o...
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THE ROLE OF MICROGLIA IN PARAQUAT INDUCED DOPAMINERGIC NEUROTOXICITY. |
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This manuscript relates oxidative stress conveyed by a widely used pesticide (paraquat) to selective neurodegeneration of the in vitro models of the mouse brain. As such, it repres...
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THE ROLE OF MOTOR ACTIVITY IN THE ASSESSMENT OF NEUROTOXICITY |
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Motor activity is a behavioral test that has been recommended as a component of testing batteries that evaluate the neurotoxic potential of chemicals. his brief commentary will add...
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THE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF DISCRETE AND CONTINUOUS OUTCOMES USING DESIRABILITY FUNCTIONS. |
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Multiple types of outcomes are sometimes measured on each animal in toxicology dose-response experiments. In this paper we introduce a method of deriving a composite score for a d...
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THE THYROID HORMONE TRANSPORTER, MCT8, SELECTIVELY RESPONDS TO THYROID HORMONE INSUFFICIENCY IN THE DEVELOPMENT RAT BRAIN. |
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Thyroid hormone (TH) is essential for normal brain development. Therefore, it is not surprising that a variety of adaptive mechanisms are activated in response to TH insufficiency...
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THE USE OF VISUAL AND CHEMOSENSORY EVOKED POTENTIALS IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH |
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The application of visual (VEP) and chemosensory evoked potentials (CSEP) in occupational and environmental health is briefly reviewed. EPs have been used extensively in experiment...
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THERMOREGULATORY EFFECTS OF METHANOL IN FISCHER AND LONG EVANS RATS |
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While methanol neurotoxicity has been studied for decades, there are very few data available on the thermoregulatory effects of methanol exposure. his paper will present the result...
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THYROID DISRUPTING CHEMICALS: CHALLENGES IN ASSESSING NEUROTOXIC RISK FROM ENVIRONMENTAL MIXTURES. |
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Environmental contaminants are known to act as thyroid disrupting chemicals (TDCs). Broadly defined, TDCs are xenobiotics that alter the structure or function of the thyroid gland...
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THYROID HORMONE DISRUPTION: FROM KINETICS TO DYNAMICS. |
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A wide range of chemicals with diverse structures act as thyroid disrupting chemicals (TDCs). Broadly defined, TDCs are chemicals that alter the structure or function of the thyroi...
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THYROID HORMONE INSUFFICIENCY AND BRAIN DEVELOPMENT -- DETERMINATION OF NEUROTOXICITY AT LOW LEVELS OF HORMONE DISRUPTION. |
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Thyroid hormone (TH) deficiencies during development produce deleterious effects on brain structure and function. The degree to which TH must be perturbed to induce neurotoxicity r...
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THYROID INSUFFICIENCY AND GENE EXPRESSION IN DEVELOPING RAT BRAIN: A DOSE RESPONSE STUDY. |
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Thyroid Insufficiency and Gene Expression in Developing Rat Brain: A Dose Response Study. JE Royland and ME Gilbert, Neurotox. Div., U.S. EPA, RTP, NC, USA. Endocrine disruption is...
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TIME-COURSE OF ACUTE NEUROTOXICITY PRODUCED BY N-METHYL CARBAMATES IN PREWEANLING RATS. |
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N-methyl carbamate insecticides are reversible inhibitors of central and peripheral acetylcholinesterease (ChE). Despite their widespread and long-term use, we could find no studi...
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TOOL FOR MONITORING HYDROPHILIC CONTAMINANTS IN WATER: POLAR ORGANIC CHEMICAL INTEGRATIVE SAMPLER (POCIS) |
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Global emissions of persistent bioconcentratable organic chemicals have resulted in a wide range of adverse ecological effects. Consequently, industry was led to develop less persi...
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TOWARDS A GENERIC PBPK MODEL OF PYRETHROID PESTICIDES: MODELING DELTAMETHRIN AND PERMETHIN IN THE RAT |
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Pyrethroids have emerged as a major class of insecticide due to their selective potency in insects and their relatively low potency in mammalian studies. Pyrethroids exert toxici...
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TOWARDS A GENERIC PBPK MODEL OF PYRETHROID PESTICIDES: MODELING DELTAMETHRIN AND PERMETHRIN IN THE RAT |
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Pyrethroids have emerged as a major class of insecticide due to their selective potency in insects and their relatively low potency in mammalian studies. Pyrethroids exert toxic...
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TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF A BIOLOGICALLY BASED DOSE-RESPONSE MODEL OF LEAD NEUROTOXICITY |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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TOXICOLOGY OF MONO- AND DI-ALKYLTIN CHLORIDES |
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Mono- and di-alkyltin chlorides are reactive compounds used in the production of stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics, primarily used for water distribution pipes. He...
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TOXICOLOGY OF MONO- AND DI-ALKYLTIN CHLORIDES. |
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Mono- and di-alkyltin chlorides are reactive compounds used in the production of stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics, primarily used for water distribution pipes. He...
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TRANSFORMATION OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY DATA INTO STRUCTURE-SEARCHABLE TOXML DATABASE IN SUPPORT OF STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP (SAR) WORKFLOW. |
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Early hazard identification of new chemicals is often difficult due to lack of data on the novel material for toxicity endpoints, including neurotoxicity. At present, there are no...
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TRICHLOROETHYLENE HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT: SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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This assessment presents EPA's most current evaluation of the potential health risks from exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE). TCE exposure is associated with several adverse healt...
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TRICHLOROETHYLENE IHIBITS VOLTAGE-SENSITIVE CALCIUM CURRENTS IN DIFFERENTIATED PC 12 CELLS. |
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ABSTRACT BODY: It has been demonstrated recently that volatile organic compounds (VOCs)such as toluene, perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene inhibit function of voltage-sensitiv...
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The startle response and toxicology: Methods, use and interpretation. |
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The startle response (SR) is a sensory-evoked motor reflex that has been used successfully in toxicology for decades. Advantages of this procedure include: rapidly objective measur...
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Thyroid insufficiency in developing rat brain: A genomic analysis. |
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Thyroid Insufficiency in the Developing Rat Brain: A Genomic Analysis. JE Royland and ME Gilbert, Neurotox. Div., U.S. EPA, RTP, NC, USA. Endocrine disruption (ED) is an area of ma...
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Toxico-Cheminformatics: New and Expanding Public Resources to Support Chemical Toxicity Assessments |
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High-throughput screening (HTS) technologies, along with efforts to improve public access to chemical toxicity information resources and to systematize older toxicity studies, have...
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UNDERNUTRITION IN EARLY LIFE DOES NOT IMPAIR LEARNING IN YOUNG OR AGING RATS. |
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Prenatal undernutrition is associated with increased incidence of obesity, heart disease, diabetes. Effects of pre- and post-natal undernutrition on nervous system function in midd...
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UNDERTAKING POSITIVE CONTROL STUDIES AS PART OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY TESTING. |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under 'Contact.'...
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USE OF CELL CULTURE FOR EVALUATING NEUROTOXICITY |
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This chapter familiarizes the reader with the need to develop, validate and utilize in vitro models to test chemicals for neurotoxic potential. he major advantages and disadvantage...
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USE OF GLIAL FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN IN FIRST-TIER ASSESSMENTS OF NEUROTOXICITY |
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Diverse neurotoxic insults result in proliferation and hypertrophy of astrocytes, a subtype of central nervous system glia. he hallmark of this response, often termed "reactive gli...
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USE OF SENSORY EVOKED POTENTIALS IN NEUROTOXICITY TESTING OF WORKERS |
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Electrophysiological measures appropriate for use in neurotoxicity testing of workers are briefly reviewed. These measures include auditory, visual and somatosensory evoked potenti...
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USING ARRAY TECHNOLOGY TO IDENTIFY POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS FOR PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES. |
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Pyrethroid insecticides affect nervous system function by disruption of sodium channels in nerve membranes. FQPA requirements for assessing cumulative risk have increased the need...
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USING NEUROBLASTOMA CELL LINES TO EXAMINE ORGANOPHOSPHATE NEUROTOXICITY |
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The need to deploy IN VITRO models to test neurotoxic scribes the use of by industry and government regulatory agencies. his research describes the neuroblastoma cell lines to addr...
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UTILITY OF ACTIVITY AND OBSERVATIONAL DATA FOR NEUROTOXICITY SCREENING |
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Observational and activity tests provide neurobehavioral data critical for assessing a chemical's effects on the nervous system. he measures are sensitive, relatively specific, and...
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VARIABILITY IN THE PREWEANLING ONTOGENY OF MOTOR ACTIVITY IN RATS: INFLUENCE OF DEVICE, TEST DAY, AND RAT SUPPLIER. |
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Current developmental neurotoxicity testing guidelines include evaluation of preweanling motor activity in rats. The ontogeny of activity levels as well as within-session habitu...
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VARIATIONS IN THE NEUROTOXIC POTENCY OF TRIMETHYLTIN |
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Seven samples of trimethyltin obtained from three commercial sources were evaluated for neurotoxic potency in the rat. Hippocampus weight, histology and assays of the astrocyte pro...
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VISUAL CONTRAST SENSITIVITY: A SENSITIVE INDICATOR OF NEUROTOXICITY FOR RISK ASSESSMENT AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS. |
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Both human-health risk assessments of adverse effects from chronic, environmental exposures to neurotoxics and clinical practice are in need of objective indicators sensitive to th...
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Visible Light-activated TiO2 photocatalytic Films; Synthesis, Characterization and Environmental Application for the Destruction of Microcystin-LR |
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Titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysis has become one of the most effective advanced oxidation technologies (AOTs) for the treatment of persistent organic contaminants. To generate...
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WHAT CAN BE LEARNT FROM PROTOCOLS RELATING TO NON-PHARMACEUTICALS? |
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The U.S. EPA administers two statutes that provide authority for requiring toxicity testing, including reproductive and developmental toxicity. hese are the Toxic Substances Contro...
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WORKSHOP ON THE QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPARABILITY OF HUMAN AND ANIMAL DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY, WORK GROUP I REPORT: COMPARABILITY OF MEASURES OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY IN HUMANS AND LABORATORY ANIMALS |
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Assessment measures used in developmental neurotoxicology are reviewed for their comparability in humans and laboratory animals, and their ability to detect comparable, adverse eff...
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WORKSHOP ON THE QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPARABILITY OF HUMAN AND ANIMAL DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY: SUMMARY AND IMPLICATIONS |
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The Workshop on the Qualitative and Quantitative Comparability of Human and Animal Developmental Neurotoxicity was convened by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and th...
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WORKSHOP REPORT ON DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXIC EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH EXPOSURE TO PCBS |
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On September 14 and 15, 1992, EPA's Risk Assessment Forum sponsored a workshop on the developmental neurotoxic effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Participants from academ...
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