|
May 2007
Contact:
Chung-Tung Jordan Lin
Consumer Studies Staff
Division of Social Sciences
Office of Regulations, Policy and Social Sciences
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition
Food and Drug Administration
Tel: 301-436-1831
Email: chung-tung.lin@fda.hhs.gov
This report highlights selected preliminary findings based on data collected in the Experimental Study of Health Claims on Food Packages. The report also shows frequency distributions in the data. The study examines consumer perceptions of health claims and other health messages (nutrient content claims, structure/function claims, dietary guidance statements) on the front panels of food packages.
The research was intended to help reveal causal relationships between health claims and other health messages and consumer responses, rather than to assess population-wide prevalence or distributions of consumer responses. It uses quota sampling methodology on a specific Internet consumer panel. As such, the study findings describe only respondents' attitudes, knowledge, behavior, and label responses; the findings cannot and should not be construed as representative of attitudes, knowledge, behavior, or label responses among U.S. consumers.
The main research objective was to evaluate and compare consumers' reactions to food-specific health claims that do notmention the substance (nutrient) that underlies the diet-disease relationship (for example, "Yogurt may reduce the risk of osteoporosis") and substance-specific health claims that mention the substance (for example, "Calcium-rich foods, such as yogurt, may reduce the risk of osteoporosis"). We were particularly interested in determining if consumers are still able to identify the nutrient responsible for the claimed benefit, and recognize that there are many food sources from which they can obtain the nutrient. The information enhances FDA's understanding of consumer responses to health claims and informs any policy initiative(s) that FDA may undertake in the future. For more details about this informational need, go to the Advanced Notice of Proposed Rulemaking for Food Labeling: Health Claims; Dietary Guidanceof November 25, 2003, page 66047.
We emphasize that the inclusion of examples of health claims and other health messages in this study does not in any way suggest or imply any new or impending change in regulatory actions regarding these messages.
The study includes two phases. Phase 1 collected information on respondent awareness of foods, nutrients, and foods' possible health benefits. This information was intended to help enhance understanding of respondent perceptions of various health messages, which were collected in Phase 2.
Synovate, Inc., the data collection contractor, fielded the study via the Internet between January 25, 2006 and March 24, 2006. The median completion time was five minutes for Phase 1 and ten minutes for Phase 2.
The target population was adult members in the Global Opinion Panels maintained by Synovate, Inc. Synovate drew a sample of 9,000 members per quota set to match the distribution of U.S. household heads in gender, education, age, and ethnicity/race. Invitation emails were sent to designated panel members. The invitation mentioned the general purpose of the study, sponsor of the study (FDA), and effort expected (the two phases and the expected length of time for each phase). A total of 1,593 of the 9,000 invitees completed Phase 1. Ten days after the end of the Phase 1, Phase 1 respondents were sent an invitation to participate in Phase 2; 1,077 of these Phase 1 respondents also completed Phase 2.
The study examines the following 18 front-panel label examples. These examples vary in component of a diet-disease relationship (i.e., whether a message mentions a food, a substance or nutrient, or a health problem) and presumed familiarity with a diet-disease relationship (from a well-known calcium - osteoporosis relationship, a less known potassium - high blood pressure relationship, to a unknown relationship between a fictitious nutrient "lysoton" and the risk of heart disease). There is no variation in back-panel information, e.g., the Nutrition Facts panel, for a given food. [See Appendices A-G for examples of front and back panels.]
Claim Type | Yogurt - calcium - osteoporosis | Orange juice - potassium - high blood pressure | Pasta - lysoton (a fictitious nutrient) - heart disease |
---|---|---|---|
(1) Food-specific health claim | Yogurt may reduce the risk of osteoporosis | Orange juice may reduce the risk of high blood pressure | Pasta may reduce the risk of heart disease |
(2) Substance-specific health claim | Calcium-rich foods, such as yogurt, may reduce the risk of osteoporosis | Potassium-rich foods, such as orange juice, may reduce the risk of high blood pressure | Lysoton-rich foods, such as pasta, may reduce the risk of heart disease |
(3) Nutrient content claim | A good source of calcium | A good source of potassium | A good source of lysoton |
(4) Structure/function claim | Helps promote bone health | Helps promote blood pressure health | Helps promote heart health |
(5) Dietary guidance | Dairy products may reduce the risk of osteoporosis | Fruit juices may reduce the risk of high blood pressure | Grain foods may reduce the risk of heart disease |
(6) No message | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
In Phase 1, respondents were asked about their awareness of foods, nutrients, and foods' possible health benefits; no labels were shown in Phase 1. In Phase 2, each respondent was first asked about perceptions of one of the 18 label examples and then perceptions of another label example; each and every question was shown together with the pertinent label example. For a given respondent, the examples shown were for two different foods and two different front-panel messages. Each respondent was asked about the same pair of foods in both Phases, either (1) yogurt and orange juice, (2) orange juice and pasta, or (3) pasta and yogurt. Assignment of foods and health messages were randomized and counter-balanced across respondents. See Appendices A-G for examples of label images.
Notes to the following tabulations
OMB No. 0910-0565
Expiration: 8/31/2008
Answer | Yogurt (n = 693) |
Orange Juice (n = 686) |
Pasta (n = 693) |
---|---|---|---|
Everyday or nearly every day | 11 % | 22 % | 2 % |
2-3 times a week | 22 % | 18 % | 21 % |
Once a week | 10 % | 9 % | 38 % |
Less than once a week | 29 % | 34 % | 37 % |
Never eat/drink it | 26 % | 16 % | 2 % |
Don't know | 2 % | 1 % | * |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Answer | Yogurt (n = 693) |
Orange Juice (n = 686) |
Pasta (n = 693) |
---|---|---|---|
6 very healthful | 44 % | 58 % | 11 % |
5 | 31 % | 25 % | 14 % |
4 | 14 % | 11 % | 36 % |
3 | 4 % | 4 % | 24 % |
2 | 1 % | 2 % | 10 % |
1 not healthful at all | * | * | 3 % |
Don't know | 5 % | 0 % | 1 % |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Nutrient/Food Component | Yes |
No |
Don't know |
---|---|---|---|
Calcium | 100 % | * | * |
Potassium | 99 % | * | * |
Monounsaturated fat or fatty acid | 89 % | 7 % | 3 % |
Lysoton | 8 % | 81 % | 12 % |
Lycopene | 72 % | 22 % | 6 % |
Trans fat or trans fatty acid | 95 % | 4 % | 2 % |
"n" denotes number of respondents. "Lysoton" is a fictitious nutrient included for the purpose of the study.
Health Problem | Yes | No |
Don't know |
---|---|---|---|
Hypertension or high blood pressure | 17 % | 67 % | 17 % |
Cancer | 12 % | 70 % | 18 % |
Osteoporosis or bone problem | 62 % | 28 % | 11 % |
Diabetes or high blood sugar | 15 % | 68 % | 17 % |
Heart disease | 24 % | 61 % | 15 % |
Health Problem | Yes | No |
Don't know |
---|---|---|---|
Hypertension or high blood pressure | 24 % | 60 % | 16 % |
Cancer | 35 % | 50 % | 15 % |
Osteoporosis or bone problem | 39 % | 47 % | 14 % |
Diabetes or high blood sugar | 16 % | 68 % | 16 % |
Heart disease | 46 % | 40 % | 14 % |
Health Problem | Yes | No |
Don't know |
---|---|---|---|
Hypertension or high blood pressure | 7 % | 80 % | 13 % |
Cancer | 4 % | 83 % | 13 % |
Osteoporosis or bone problem | 7 % | 80 % | 13 % |
Diabetes or high blood sugar | 7 % | 80 % | 12 % |
Heart disease | 9 % | 78 % | 12 % |
"n" denotes number of observations.
[IF YES TO THE TARGET HEALTH PROBLEM, GO TO B3. OTHERWISE, SKIP TO C1.]
[Target health problem: yogurt - osteoporosis; orange juice - high blood pressure; pasta - heart disease.]
Yes | No |
Don't know | |
---|---|---|---|
Yogurt - osteoporosis (n = 428) | 88 % | * | 11 % |
Orange juice - hypertension or high blood pressure (n = 161) | 76 % | * | 24 % |
Pasta - heart disease (n = 65) | 88 % | 3 % | 9 % |
"n" denotes number of observations.
[IF YES, GO TO B4 OTHERWISE, SKIP TO B5.]
Food | |
---|---|
Cereals | 30 % |
Cheese, milk, or buttermilk | 97 % |
Dairy products other than cheese, milk, and buttermilk | 88 % |
Fruits or fruit juices | 31 % |
Oatmeal | 24 % |
Potato or sweet potato | 16 % |
Salmon or sardines | 35 % |
Fish, shellfish, or seafood other than salmon and sardines | 28 % |
Soy, soy bean, soy milk, bean curd, or tofu | 44 % |
Spinach | 35 % |
Vegetables other than spinach, soy bean, potato, and sweet potato | 29 % |
Vegetable juices | 16 % |
Other foods (up to 3 items; examples include whole grains/wheat, any food containing significant amount of calcium.) | 5 % |
Don't know | 0 % |
Food | |
---|---|
Cereals | 53 % |
Cheese, yogurt, milk, or buttermilk | 25 % |
Dairy products other than cheese, yogurt, milk, and buttermilk | 20 % |
Fruits or fruit juices | 70 % |
Oatmeal | 79 % |
Potato or sweet potato | 36 % |
Salmon or sardines | 57 % |
Fish, shellfish, or seafood other than salmon and sardines | 55 % |
Soy, soy bean, soy milk, bean curd, or tofu | 52 % |
Spinach | 58 % |
Vegetables other than spinach, soy bean, potato, and sweet potato | 49 % |
Vegetable juices | 43 % |
Other foods (up to 3 items; examples include red wine, whole grain, dark chocolate.) | 15 % |
Don't know | 4 % |
Food | |
---|---|
Cereals | 81 % |
Cheese, yogurt, milk, or buttermilk | 23 % |
Dairy products other than cheese, yogurt, milk, and buttermilk | 16 % |
Fruits or fruit juices | 74 % |
Oatmeal | 88 % |
Potato or sweet potato | 35 % |
Salmon or sardines | 67 % |
Fish, shellfish, or seafood other than salmon and sardines | 60 % |
Soy, soy bean, soy milk, bean curd, or tofu | 61 % |
Spinach | 61 % |
Vegetables other than spinach, soy bean, potato, and sweet potato | 56 % |
Vegetable juices | 46 % |
Other foods (up to 3 items; examples include nuts, whole grains/wheat) | 16 % |
Don't know | 0 % |
"n" denotes number of observations.
Nutrient | Yes | No |
Have not heard | Don't know |
---|---|---|---|---|
Calcium | 99 % | * | 0 % | 1 % |
Potassium | 54 % | 14 % | * | 32 % |
Vitamin A | 46 % | 13 % | * | 40 % |
Phosphorus | 44 % | 11 % | 4 % | 41 % |
Nutrient | Yes | No |
Have not heard | Don't know |
---|---|---|---|---|
Calcium | 60 % | 15 % | * | 25 % |
Potassium | 74 % | 6 % | * | 19 % |
Vitamin C | 68 % | 6 % | * | 25 % |
Vitamin A | 62 % | 7 % | * | 30 % |
Nutrient | Yes | No |
Have not heard | Don't know |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lysoton | 17 % | 12 % | 48 % | 23 % |
Fiber | 89 % | 5 % | 0 % | 6 % |
Calcium | 58 % | 18 % | 0 % | 23 % |
Potassium | 74 % | 8 % | 0 % | 18 % |
"n" denotes number of observations.
[IF YES TO THE TARGET NUTRIENT FOR A FOOD, GO TO B6 OTHERWISE, SKIP TO C1.]
[Target nutrient: yogurt - calcium; orange juice - potassium; pasta - lysoton.]
Food | |
---|---|
Olive oil | 8 % |
Spinach | 41 % |
Fish like salmon or sardines | 47 % |
Tomato | 14 % |
Don't know | 39 % |
Food | |
---|---|
Margarine | 3 % |
Fruit juices | 67 % |
Potato or sweet potato | 78 % |
Egg | 20 % |
Don't know | 12 % |
Food | |
---|---|
Canola oil | 55 % |
Carrot | 36 % |
Milk | 36 % |
Nuts (all kinds) | 64 % |
Don't know | 27 % |
"n" denotes number of observations.
Dietary Supplement | Yes |
No |
Don't know |
---|---|---|---|
A multi-vitamin or multi-mineral supplement, such as One-A-Day, Mega-Vitamin, Centrum A-to-Z. | 65 % | 34 % | * |
A specialized or single-ingredient vitamin or mineral supplement such as Vitamin C, Vitamin E, iron, or calcium. Please do not include vitamins or minerals added to foods or beverages, for example, Vitamin D in milk and Vitamin C in orange juice. | 58 % | 41 % | * |
An herb, botanical, or other dietary supplement that is not a vitamin or a mineral. Examples include garlic pills, echinacea, ginkgo, ginseng (not as a food), glucosamine, MSM, saw palmetto, St. John's wort, amino acids, black cohosh, creatine, or fish oil or Omega-3 oil. | 40 % | 58 % | 2 % |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Diet | (n = 1036) |
---|---|
Low fat diet | 19 % |
Low carb or carbohydrate diet | 16 % |
Low sodium diet | 13 % |
Low calorie diet | 11 % |
Low cholesterol diet | 11 % |
Low sugar diet | 15 % |
Weight loss diet | 15 % |
None of these | 55 % |
Don't know | 1 % |
Prefer not to answer | * |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Skip rule for C3 and C4
Answer | (n = 1001) |
---|---|
Fat | 37 % |
Carb or carbohydrate | 15 % |
Sodium | 20 % |
Calorie | 34 % |
Cholesterol | 20 % |
Sugar | 32 % |
None of these | 30 % |
Don't know | * |
Prefer not to answer | * |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Level of School | (n = 1036) |
---|---|
0 - 11 years or grades | 2 % |
12 years, high school graduate, or GED | 42 % |
1 - 3 years of college or associate degree | 28 % |
4 years of college or college graduate | 20 % |
Postgraduate, masters, doctorate, law degree, MD | 8 % |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Age | (n = 1036) |
---|---|
18 - 34 years old | 10 % |
35 - 54 years old | 38 % |
55 + years old | 52 % |
Mean age = 53 years |
Age = 2006 - response.
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Gender | (n = 1036) |
---|---|
Female | 77 % |
Male | 23 % |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Yes (n = 1036) |
|
---|---|
Hispanic or Latino origin | 5 % |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Race | (n = 1036) |
---|---|
White | 90 % |
Black or African American | 7 % |
Asian | 2 % |
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander | * |
American Indian or Alaskan Native | 3 % |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Purpose | Yes | No | Don't know |
---|---|---|---|
Sending and receiving E-mail | 99 % | 1 % | * |
Looking for health information, such as diet, nutrition, diseases or medicine | 68 % | 32 % | * |
Reading newspapers, magazines, or doing research | 74 % | 25 % | * |
For other purposes such as searching for or buying products, online banking, trading stocks, or looking for a book in the library |
80 % | 20 % | * |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
[SHOW FRONT PANEL AND PROVIDE A TURN BUTTON FOR BACK PANEL.]
D1. Please take a moment to look at this label. Feel free to click on the "TURN" button to see the other side of the label, which provides more information about this product. Note that the label information you see in this study may or may not be the same as you would see at the grocery store.
When you are ready to continue the survey, click on the "NEXT" button.
[IF THE "NO CLAIM" CONDITION IS ASSIGNED, SKIP TO D4.]
Statement type | Yogurt Yes (n) |
Orange Juice Yes (n) |
Pasta
Yes (n) |
---|---|---|---|
Food-specific health claim | 96% (116) | 97% (117) | 97% (117) |
Substance-specific health claim | 99% (116) | 97% (116) | 95% (116) |
Nutrient content claim | 99% (115) | 99% (118) | 100% (114) |
Structure/function claim | 99% (116) | 94% (112) | 97% (117) |
Dietary guidance statement | 97% (111) | 98% (111) | 97% (115) |
"n" denotes number of observations.
[IF D2=NO, GO TO D3; OTHERWISE, SKIP TO D4.]
Statement Type | Yogurt Yes (n) |
Orange Juice Yes (n) |
Pasta Yes (n) |
---|---|---|---|
Food-specific health claim | 60% (5) | 25% (4) | 75% (4) |
Substance-specific health claim | 100% (1) | 100% (3) | 0% (6) |
Nutrient content claim | 100% (1) | 100% (1) | -- (0) |
Structure/function claim | 100% (1) | 57% (7) | 100% (4) |
Dietary guidance statement | 33% (3) | 100% (2) | 100% (3) |
"n" denotes number of observations.
[IF D3=NO, SKIP TO D5; OTHERWISE, GO TO D4.]
Health Problem | Yogurt (n = 114) |
Orange Juice (n = 114) |
Pasta (n = 116) |
---|---|---|---|
Osteoporosis or bone problem | 78 % | 0 % | 0 % |
Hypertension or high blood pressure | * | 76 % | 4 % |
Heart disease | * | 6 % | 75 % |
Cancer | * | 0 % | 0 % |
Obesity or overweight | 2 % | 0 % | * |
Diabetes or high blood sugar | 0 % | 2 % | 2 % |
Other health problems not on this list | * | * | 4 % |
The label does not mention or suggest that THIS (food) helps reduce the risk of any health problem | 18 % | 17 % | 17 % |
Don't know | 3 % | 2 % | 2 % |
Health Problem | Yogurt (n = 116) |
Orange Juice (n = 116) |
Pasta (n = 110) |
---|---|---|---|
Osteoporosis or bone problem | 82 % | 0 % | 0 % |
Hypertension or high blood pressure | * | 81 % | 5 % |
Heart disease | 3 % | 7 % | 80 % |
Cancer | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % |
Obesity or overweight | 3 % | 3 % | 3 % |
Diabetes or high blood sugar | * | 2 % | * |
Other health problems not on this list | 2 % | 3 % | 3 % |
The label does not mention or suggest that THIS (food) helps reduce the risk of any health problem | 16 % | 15 % | 14 % |
Don't know | 0 % | * | 3 % |
Health Problem | Yogurt (n = 115) |
Orange Juice (n = 118) |
Pasta (n = 114) |
---|---|---|---|
Osteoporosis or bone problem | 25 % | 3 % | 0 % |
Hypertension or high blood pressure | 2 % | 4 % | * |
Heart disease | 2 % | 4 % | 5 % |
Cancer | * | 2 % | 0 % |
Obesity or overweight | 3 % | 2 % | * |
Diabetes or high blood sugar | 2 % | 2 % | 2 % |
Other health problems not on this list | 3 % | 3 % | * |
The label does not mention or suggest that THIS (food) helps reduce the risk of any health problem | 72 % | 83 % | 82 % |
Don't know | * | 5 % | 9 % |
Health Problem | Yogurt (n = 116) |
Orange Juice (n = 109) |
Pasta (n = 117) |
---|---|---|---|
Osteoporosis or bone problem | 68 % | 2 % | * |
Hypertension or high blood pressure | * | 77 % | 5 % |
Heart disease | 0 % | 7 % | 52 % |
Cancer | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % |
Obesity or overweight | * | 2 % | 3 % |
Diabetes or high blood sugar | 0 % | 4 % | 2 % |
Other health problems not on this list | * | * | * |
The label does not mention or suggest that THIS (food) helps reduce the risk of any health problem | 28 % | 19 % | 41 % |
Don't know | 3 % | * | 4 % |
Yogurt (n = 109) |
Orange Juice (n = 111) |
Pasta (n = 115) |
|
---|---|---|---|
Osteoporosis or bone problem | 72 % | * | 0 % |
Hypertension or high blood pressure | 3 % | 82 % | 4 % |
Heart disease | 2 % | 4 % | 70 % |
Cancer | * | 0 % | 0 % |
Obesity or overweight | 5 % | 0 % | 2 % |
Diabetes or high blood sugar | 2 % | 0 % | 3 % |
Other health problems not on this list | 3 % | 2 % | 0 % |
The label does not mention or suggest that THIS (food) helps reduce the risk of any health problem | 24 % | 14 % | 26 % |
Don't know | * | 2 % | 3 % |
Health Problem | Yogurt (n = 119) |
Orange Juice (n = 112) |
Pasta (n = 114) |
---|---|---|---|
Osteoporosis or bone problem | 3 % | * | 2 % |
Hypertension or high blood pressure | * | 4 % | 2 % |
Heart disease | * | 2 % | 3 % |
Cancer | 0 % | * | 0 % |
Obesity or overweight | * | * | * |
Diabetes or high blood sugar | 0 % | 2 % | 2 % |
Other health problems not on this list | 0 % | 2 % | 0 % |
The label does not mention or suggest that THIS (food) helps reduce the risk of any health problem | 88 % | 89 % | 88 % |
Don't know | 8 % | 3 % | 7 % |
"n" denotes number of observations.
[IF YES TO THE TARGET HEALTH PROBLEM, SKIP TO D6. OTHERWISE, GO TO D5.]
[Target health problem: yogurt - osteoporosis/bone problem; orange juice - high blood pressure/hypertension; pasta - heart disease.]
Health Problem | Yogurt (n = 25) |
Orange Juice (n = 27) |
Pasta (n = 29) |
---|---|---|---|
Osteoporosis or bone problem | 48 % | 7 % | 0 % |
Hypertension or high blood pressure | 8 % | 15 % | 10 % |
Heart disease | 8 % | 11 % | 38 % |
Cancer | 4 % | 0 % | 0 % |
Obesity or overweight | 12 % | 0 % | 3 % |
Diabetes or high blood sugar | 12 % | 0 % | 3 % |
Other health problems not on this list | 4 % | 7 % | 0 % |
The label does not mention or suggest that THIS [food] helps reduce the risk of any health problem | 24 % | 41 % | 34 % |
Don't know | 28 % | 30 % | 21 % |
Health Problem | Yogurt (n = 21) |
Orange Juice (n = 22) |
Pasta (n = 22) |
---|---|---|---|
Osteoporosis or bone problem | 52 % | 0 % | 0 % |
Hypertension or high blood pressure | 0 % | 27 % | 5 % |
Heart disease | 0 % | 9 % | 27 % |
Cancer | 0 % | 5 % | 0 % |
Obesity or overweight | 0 % | 9 % | 14 % |
Diabetes or high blood sugar | 0 % | 14 % | 0 % |
Other health problems not on this list | 5 % | 5 % | 5 % |
The label does not mention or suggest that THIS [food] helps reduce the risk of any health problem | 33 % | 23 % | 32 % |
Don't know | 10 % | 27 % | 27 % |
Health Problem | Yogurt (n = 86) |
Orange Juice (n = 113) |
Pasta (n = 108) |
---|---|---|---|
Osteoporosis or bone problem | 49 % | 14 % | 4 % |
Hypertension or high blood pressure | 5 % | 10 % | 5 % |
Heart disease | 6 % | 16 % | 3 % |
Cancer | 3 % | 6 % | * |
Obesity or overweight | 20 % | 9 % | 6 % |
Diabetes or high blood sugar | 5 % | 7 % | 6 % |
Other health problems not on this list | 10 % | 12 % | * |
The label does not mention or suggest that THIS [food] helps reduce the risk of any health problem | 24 % | 23 % | 35 % |
Don't know | 16 % | 36 % | 55 % |
Health Problem | Yogurt
(n = 37) |
Orange Juice (n = 25) |
Pasta (n = 56) |
---|---|---|---|
Osteoporosis or bone problem | 32 % | 4 % | 4 % |
Hypertension or high blood pressure | 3 % | 24 % | 9 % |
Heart disease | 3 % | 16 % | 25 % |
Cancer | 0 % | 4 % | 4 % |
Obesity or overweight | 11 % | 0 % | 11 % |
Diabetes or high blood sugar | 0 % | 8 % | 9 % |
Other health problems not on this list | 3 % | 8 % | 4 % |
The label does not mention or suggest that THIS [food] helps reduce the risk of any health problem | 27 % | 44 % | 48 % |
Don't know | 32 % | 16 % | 20 % |
Health Problem | Yogurt
(n = 31) |
Orange Juice (n = 20) |
Pasta (n = 34) |
---|---|---|---|
Osteoporosis or bone problem | 42 % | 15 % | 3 % |
Hypertension or high blood pressure | 6 % | 20 % | 6 % |
Heart disease | 10 % | 10 % | 12 % |
Cancer | 0 % | 0 % | 3 % |
Obesity or overweight | 19 % | 10 % | 3 % |
Diabetes or high blood sugar | 10 % | 0 % | 3 % |
Other health problems not on this list | 6 % | 10 % | 3 % |
The label does not mention or suggest that THIS [food] helps reduce the risk of any health problem | 23 % | 25 % | 50 % |
Don't know | 29 % | 40 % | 35 % |
Health Problem | Yogurt
(n = 115) |
Orange Juice (n = 107) |
Pasta (n = 111) |
---|---|---|---|
Osteoporosis or bone problem | 37 % | 11 % | 6 % |
Hypertension or high blood pressure | 2 % | 10 % | 9 % |
Heart disease | 7 % | 21 % | 9 % |
Cancer | 4 % | 11 % | 2 % |
Obesity or overweight | 16 % | 10 % | 7 % |
Diabetes or high blood sugar | 3 % | 11 % | 7 % |
Other health problems not on this list | 9 % | 25 % | 5 % |
The label does not mention or suggest that THIS [food] helps reduce the risk of any health problem | 21 % | 32 % | 48 % |
Don't know | 32 % | 22 % | 32 % |
"n" denotes number of observations.
[IF YES TO THE TARGET HEALTH PROBLEM, GO TO D6; OTHERWISE, SKIP TO D9.]
[Target health problem: yogurt - osteoporosis/bone problem; orange juice - high blood pressure/hypertension; pasta - heart disease.]
Nutrient | Yogurt (n = 101) |
Orange Juice (n = 91) |
Pasta
(n = 98) |
---|---|---|---|
Calcium | 79 % | 8 % | 2 % |
Fiber | 5 % | 3 % | 14 % |
Iron | 9 % | 2 % | 3 % |
Potassium | 18 % | 22 % | 8 % |
Lysoton | * | 3 % | 22 % |
Vitamin A | 10 % | 2 % | 2 % |
Vitamin C | 11 % | 34 % | 1 % |
Other #1 | 4 % | 1 % | 4 % |
Other #2 | 0 % | 0 % | 2 % |
None of these | 2 % | 7 % | 9 % |
Don't know | 7 % | 35 % | 49 % |
Nutrient | Yogurt (n = 106) |
Orange Juice (n = 100) |
Pasta (n = 94) |
---|---|---|---|
Calcium | 92 % | 2 % | 2 % |
Fiber | 0 % | 1 % | 7 % |
Iron | * | 1 % | 5 % |
Potassium | 10 % | 85 % | 5 % |
Lysoton | 0 % | 0 % | 81 % |
Vitamin A | 2 % | 2 % | 2 % |
Vitamin C | 3 % | 11 % | 2 % |
Other #1 | 0 % | 0 % | 2 % |
Other #2 | 0 % | 0 % | 1 % |
None of these | 0 % | 4 % | 3 % |
Don't know | 3 % | 7 % | 11 % |
Nutrient | Yogurt (n = 71) |
Orange Juice (n = 16) |
Pasta (n = 9) |
---|---|---|---|
Calcium | 97 % | 25 % | 0 % |
Fiber | 0 % | 13 % | 22 % |
Iron | 6 % | 13 % | 11 % |
Potassium | 7 % | 94 % | 11 % |
Lysoton | 3 % | 6 % | 78 % |
Vitamin A | 3 % | 13 % | 11 % |
Vitamin C | 6 % | 31 % | 11 % |
Other #1 | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % |
Other #2 | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % |
None of these | 0 % | 0 % | 11 % |
Don't know | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % |
Nutrient | Yogurt (n = 91) |
Orange Juice
(n = 90) |
Pasta (n = 75) |
---|---|---|---|
Calcium | 91 % | 6 % | 3 % |
Fiber | 1 % | 3 % | 19 % |
Iron | 7 % | 2 % | 5 % |
Potassium | 15 % | 33 % | 5 % |
Lysoton | 0 % | 1 % | 24 % |
Vitamin A | 7 % | 7 % | 3 % |
Vitamin C | 9 % | 40 % | 0 % |
Other #1 | 1 % | 4 % | 7 % |
Other #2 | 0 % | 0 % | 1 % |
None of these | 0 % | 6 % | 7 % |
Don't know | 4 % | 36 % | 43 % |
Nutrient | Yogurt (n = 91) |
Orange Juice (n = 95) |
Pasta (n = 85) |
---|---|---|---|
Calcium | 85 % | 11 % | 1 % |
Fiber | 1 % | 5 % | 14 % |
Iron | 4 % | 4 % | 7 % |
Potassium | 16 % | 33 % | 7 % |
Lysoton | 1 % | 1 % | 12 % |
Vitamin A | 1 % | 7 % | 2 % |
Vitamin C | 5 % | 39 % | 2 % |
Other #1 | 3 % | 1 % | 8 % |
Other #2 | 0 % | 0 % | 2 % |
None of these | 3 % | 6 % | 13 % |
Don't know | 7 % | 33 % | 51 % |
Nutrient | Yogurt (n = 46) |
Orange Juice (n = 16) |
Pasta (n = 13) |
---|---|---|---|
Calcium | 96 % | 13 % | 8 % |
Fiber | 2 % | 13 % | 54 % |
Iron | 4 % | 13 % | 23 % |
Potassium | 17 % | 38 % | 23 % |
Lysoton | 2 % | 0 % | 15 % |
Vitamin A | 4 % | 6 % | 31 % |
Vitamin C | 4 % | 31 % | 31 % |
Other #1 | 7 % | 13 % | 23 % |
Other #2 | 0 % | 0 % | 8 % |
None of these | 0 % | 6 % | 8 % |
Don't know | 0 % | 31 % | 0 % |
"n" denotes number of observations.
[IF YES TO TARGET NUTRIENT, GO TO D7. OTHERWISE, SKIP TO D8.]
[Target nutrient: yogurt - calcium; orange juice - potassium; pasta - lysoton.]
Answer | Yogurt (n = 80) |
Orange Juice (n = 20) |
Pasta (n = 22) |
---|---|---|---|
Yes | 98 % | 90 % | 36 % |
No | 0 % | 0 % | 5 % |
Don't know | 3 % | 10 % | 59 % |
Answer | Yogurt (n = 97) |
Orange Juice (n = 85) |
Pasta (n = 76) |
---|---|---|---|
Yes | 98 % | 95 % | 46 % |
No | 2 % | 1 % | 0 % |
Don't know | 0 % | 4 % | 54 % |
Answer | Yogurt (n = 69) |
Orange Juice (n = 15) |
Pasta (n = 7) |
---|---|---|---|
Yes | 99 % | 100 % | 29 % |
No | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % |
Don't know | 1 % | 0 % | 71 % |
Answer | Yogurt (n = 83) |
Orange Juice (n = 30) |
Pasta (n = 18) |
---|---|---|---|
Yes | 99 % | 100 % | 39 % |
No | 1 % | 0 % | 0 % |
Don't know | 0 % | 0 % | 61 % |
Answer | Yogurt (n = 77) |
Orange Juice (n = 31) |
Pasta (n = 10) |
---|---|---|---|
Yes | 96 % | 97 % | 50 % |
No | 3 % | 0 % | 20 % |
Don't know | 1 % | 3 % | 30 % |
Answer | Yogurt (n = 44) |
Orange Juice (n = 6) |
Pasta (n = 2) |
---|---|---|---|
Yes | 98 % | 100 % | 50 % |
No | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % |
Don't know | 2 % | 0 % | 50 % |
"n" denotes number of observations.
Answer | Yogurt (n = 101) |
Orange Juice
(n = 91) |
Pasta (n = 98) |
---|---|---|---|
Yes | 89 % | 56 % | 70 % |
No | 3 % | 2 % | 1 % |
Don't know | 8 % | 42 % | 29 % |
Answer | Yogurt (n = 106) |
Orange Juice (n = 100) |
Pasta (n = 94) |
---|---|---|---|
Yes | 92 % | 84 % | 73 % |
No | 0 % | 1 % | 0 % |
Don't know | 8 % | 15 % | 27 % |
Answer | Yogurt (n = 71) |
Orange Juice (n = 16) |
Pasta (n = 9) |
---|---|---|---|
Yes | 96 % | 94 % | 78 % |
No | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % |
Don't know | 4 % | 6 % | 22 % |
Answer | Yogurt (n = 91) |
Orange Juice (n = 90) |
Pasta (n = 75) |
---|---|---|---|
Yes | 92 % | 57 % | 84 % |
No | 0 % | 2 % | 0 % |
Don't know | 8 % | 41 % | 16 % |
Answer | Yogurt (n = 91) |
Orange Juice (n = 95) |
Pasta (n = 85) |
---|---|---|---|
Yes | 96 % | 65 % | 79 % |
No | 1 % | 2 % | 0 % |
Don't know | 3 % | 33 % | 21 % |
Answer | Yogurt (n = 46) |
Orange Juice (n = 16) |
Pasta (n = 13) |
---|---|---|---|
Yes | 96 % | 75 % | 92 % |
No | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % |
Don't know | 4 % | 25 % | 8 % |
"n"denotes number of observations.
Answer | Yogurt (n = 116) |
Orange Juice (n = 117) |
Pasta (n = 117) |
---|---|---|---|
Very helpful | 24 % | 13 % | 16 % |
Somewhat helpful | 51 % | 47 % | 42 % |
Somewhat not helpful | 12 % | 12 % | 15 % |
Not helpful at all | 9 % | 25 % | 24 % |
Don't know | 4 % | 3 % | 3 % |
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 116) |
Orange Juice
(n = 116) |
Pasta
(n = 116) |
---|---|---|---|
Very helpful | 24 % | 21 % | 27 % |
Somewhat helpful | 54 % | 56 % | 45 % |
Somewhat not helpful | 9 % | 9 % | 10 % |
Not helpful at all | 11 % | 13 % | 17 % |
Don't know | * | 2 % | * |
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 115) |
Orange Juice
(n = 118) |
Pasta
(n = 114) |
---|---|---|---|
Very helpful | 11 % | 7 % | 0 % |
Somewhat helpful | 37 % | 23 % | 15 % |
Somewhat not helpful | 14 % | 16 % | 10 % |
Not helpful at all | 37 % | 51 % | 66 % |
Don't know | * | 3 % | 10 % |
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 116) |
Orange Juice
(n = 112) |
Pasta
(n = 117) |
---|---|---|---|
Very helpful | 19 % | 23 % | 11 % |
Somewhat helpful | 43 % | 35 % | 29 % |
Somewhat not helpful | 16 % | 11 % | 16 % |
Not helpful at all | 21 % | 28 % | 39 % |
Don't know | * | 4 % | 4 % |
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 111) |
Orange Juice
(n = 111) |
Pasta
(n = 115) |
---|---|---|---|
Very helpful | 21 % | 15 % | 9 % |
Somewhat helpful | 47 % | 49 % | 39 % |
Somewhat not helpful | 14 % | 20 % | 15 % |
Not helpful at all | 14 % | 14 % | 33 % |
Don't know | 4 % | 2 % | 4 % |
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 119) |
Orange Juice
(n = 112) |
Pasta
(n = 114) |
---|---|---|---|
Very helpful | 4 % | * | 3 % |
Somewhat helpful | 21 % | 13 % | 13 % |
Somewhat not helpful | 8 % | 16 % | 11 % |
Not helpful at all | 59 % | 68 % | 67 % |
Don't know | 8 % | 3 % | 7 % |
"n" denotes number of observations.
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 116) |
Orange Juice (n = 117) |
Pasta (n = 117) |
---|---|---|---|
1 Very likely | 13 % | 13 % | 5 % |
2 | 19 % | 11 % | 9 % |
3 | 28 % | 22 % | 26 % |
4 | 23 % | 19 % | 26 % |
5 | 4 % | 14 % | 11 % |
6 very unlikely | 7 % | 12 % | 14 % |
Don't know | 5 % | 9 % | 9 % |
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 116) |
Orange Juice
(n = 116) |
Pasta
(n = 116) |
---|---|---|---|
1 Very likely | 16 % | 9 % | 11 % |
2 | 15 % | 16 % | 14 % |
3 | 28 % | 34 % | 18 % |
4 | 25 % | 22 % | 28 % |
5 | 8 % | 9 % | 11 % |
6 very unlikely | 7 % | 5 % | 12 % |
Don't know | 2 % | 3 % | 5 % |
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 115) |
Orange Juice (n = 118) |
Pasta (n = 114) |
---|---|---|---|
1 Very likely | 9 % | 5 % | 0 % |
2 | 9 % | 6 % | 6 % |
3 | 35 % | 15 % | 9 % |
4 | 23 % | 12 % | 9 % |
5 | 9 % | 14 % | 9 % |
6 very unlikely | 9 % | 29 % | 36 % |
Don't know | 7 % | 19 % | 32 % |
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 116) |
Orange Juice
(n = 112) |
Pasta
(n = 117) |
---|---|---|---|
1 Very likely | 14 % | 15 % | 3 % |
2 | 15 % | 11 % | 9 % |
3 | 21 % | 20 % | 14 % |
4 | 27 % | 20 % | 38 % |
5 | 8 % | 10 % | 8 % |
6 very unlikely | 9 % | 17 % | 18 % |
Don't know | 7 % | 8 % | 11 % |
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 111) |
Orange Juice
(n = 111) |
Pasta
(n = 115) |
---|---|---|---|
1 Very likely | 11 % | 6 % | 6 % |
2 | 17 % | 9 % | 8 % |
3 | 27 % | 32 % | 15 % |
4 | 23 % | 29 % | 28 % |
5 | 10 % | 9 % | 12 % |
6 very unlikely | 7 % | 9 % | 24 % |
Don't know | 5 % | 6 % | 7 % |
Answer | Yogurt (n = 119) |
Orange Juice (n = 112) |
Pasta (n = 114) |
---|---|---|---|
1 Very likely | 11 % | * | 2 % |
2 | 9 % | 3 % | 4 % |
3 | 18 % | 13 % | 11 % |
4 | 25 % | 13 % | 16 % |
5 | 8 % | 14 % | 13 % |
6 very unlikely | 17 % | 36 % | 40 % |
Don't know | 12 % | 21 % | 14 % |
"n" denotes number of observations.
Answer | Yogurt (n = 116) |
Orange Juice (n = 117) |
Pasta (n = 117) |
---|---|---|---|
Very helpful | 18 % | 12 % | 14 % |
Somewhat helpful | 45 % | 38 % | 36 % |
Somewhat not helpful | 9 % | 13 % | 15 % |
Not helpful at all | 23 % | 33 % | 32 % |
Don't know | 5 % | 3 % | 3 % |
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 116) |
Orange Juice
(n = 116) |
Pasta
(n = 116) |
---|---|---|---|
Very helpful | 23 % | 15 % | 20 % |
Somewhat helpful | 40 % | 49 % | 42 % |
Somewhat not helpful | 17 % | 9 % | 10 % |
Not helpful at all | 19 % | 21 % | 25 % |
Don't know | * | 6 % | 3 % |
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 115) |
Orange Juice (n = 118) |
Pasta
(n = 114) |
---|---|---|---|
Very helpful | 5 % | 8 % | 4 % |
Somewhat helpful | 48 % | 26 % | 15 % |
Somewhat not helpful | 12 % | 15 % | 13 % |
Not helpful at all | 34 % | 50 % | 62 % |
Don't know | * | * | 5 % |
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 116) |
Orange Juice (n = 112) |
Pasta
(n = 117) |
---|---|---|---|
Very helpful | 14 % | 23 % | 5 % |
Somewhat helpful | 42 % | 31 % | 38 % |
Somewhat not helpful | 16 % | 13 % | 17 % |
Not helpful at all | 26 % | 29 % | 39 % |
Don't know | 2 % | 4 % | * |
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 111) |
Orange Juice
(n = 111) |
Pasta
(n = 115) |
---|---|---|---|
Very helpful | 16 % | 13 % | 9 % |
Somewhat helpful | 47 % | 44 % | 29 % |
Somewhat not helpful | 14 % | 19 % | 19 % |
Not helpful at all | 21 % | 23 % | 41 % |
Don't know | 3 % | 2 % | 3 % |
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 119) |
Orange Juice
(n = 112) |
Pasta
(n = 114) |
---|---|---|---|
Very helpful | 10 % | 5 % | 7 % |
Somewhat helpful | 30 % | 21 % | 18 % |
Somewhat not helpful | 9 % | 23 % | 14 % |
Not helpful at all | 45 % | 47 % | 58 % |
Don't know | 5 % | 3 % | 3 % |
"n" denotes number of observations.
Answer | Yogurt (n = 116) |
Orange Juice (n = 117) |
Pasta (n = 117) |
---|---|---|---|
1 Very likely | 11 % | 12 % | 12 % |
2 | 18 % | 16 % | 15 % |
3 | 25 % | 19 % | 22 % |
4 | 20 % | 32 % | 28 % |
5 | 4 % | 11 % | 12 % |
6 very unlikely | 16 % | 9 % | 7 % |
Don't know | 5 % | 2 % | 4 % |
Answer | Yogurt (n = 116) |
Orange Juice
(n = 116) |
Pasta
(n = 116) |
---|---|---|---|
1 Very likely | 21 % | 10 % | 19 % |
2 | 11 % | 17 % | 17 % |
3 | 24 % | 31 % | 19 % |
4 | 21 % | 22 % | 25 % |
5 | 8 % | 8 % | 9 % |
6 very unlikely | 12 % | 9 % | 9 % |
Don't know | 3 % | 2 % | 3 % |
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 115) |
Orange Juice
(n = 118) |
Pasta
(n = 114) |
---|---|---|---|
1 Very likely | 10 % | 9 % | 6 % |
2 | 16 % | 11 % | 8 % |
3 | 23 % | 12 % | 13 % |
4 | 25 % | 28 % | 29 % |
5 | 12 % | 18 % | 18 % |
6 very unlikely | 9 % | 19 % | 18 % |
Don't know | 4 % | 3 % | 8 % |
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 116) |
Orange Juice
(n = 112) |
Pasta
(n = 117) |
---|---|---|---|
1 Very likely | 15 % | 19 % | 10 % |
2 | 13 % | 18 % | 11 % |
3 | 18 % | 15 % | 27 % |
4 | 28 % | 20 % | 33 % |
5 | 7 % | 13 % | 13 % |
6 very unlikely | 16 % | 13 % | 4 % |
Don't know | 3 % | 3 % | * |
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 111) |
Orange Juice
(n = 111) |
Pasta
(n = 115) |
---|---|---|---|
1 Very likely | 8 % | 14 % | 10 % |
2 | 14 % | 10 % | 13 % |
3 | 27 % | 32 % | 18 % |
4 | 25 % | 18 % | 30 % |
5 | 14 % | 14 % | 10 % |
6 very unlikely | 9 % | 10 % | 11 % |
Don't know | 3 % | 3 % | 7 % |
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 119) |
Orange Juice
(n = 112) |
Pasta
(n = 114) |
---|---|---|---|
1 Very likely | 10 % | 4 % | 4 % |
2 | 4 % | 12 % | 7 % |
3 | 18 % | 13 % | 23 % |
4 | 21 % | 26 % | 30 % |
5 | 15 % | 18 % | 15 % |
6 very unlikely | 28 % | 21 % | 16 % |
Don't know | 3 % | 5 % | 6 % |
"n" denotes number of observations.
Answer | Yogurt
(n = 350) |
Orange Juice
(n = 347) |
Pasta
(n = 339) |
---|---|---|---|
High | 3 % | 9 % | 1 % |
Moderately high | 23 % | 33 % | 8 % |
Neither high nor low | 34 % | 27 % | 24 % |
Moderately low | 23 % | 14 % | 28 % |
Low | 6 % | 6 % | 30 % |
Don't know | 11 % | 12 % | 10 % |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
[IF DON'T KNOW, SKIP TO E1.]
Reason | Yogurt (n = 313) |
Orange Juice (n = 305) |
Pasta (n = 306) |
---|---|---|---|
My answer was based on the label I saw | 73 % | 69 % | 77 % |
That is how much [NUTRIENT] I think [FOOD]s generally have | 24 % | 26 % | 19 % |
Neither of the above; specify | 3 % | 4 % | 2 % |
Don't know | 4 % | 5 % | 4 % |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
[IF "MY ANSWER WAS BASED ON THE LABEL I SAW," GO TO D27; OTHERWISE, SKIP TO E1.]
Label Part | Yogurt (n = 227) |
Orange Juice (n = 211) |
Pasta (n = 237) |
---|---|---|---|
Front panel | 1 % | * | 0 % |
Nutrition Facts box | 32 % | 47 % | 33 % |
Amount of nutrient | 43 % | 43 % | 43 % |
% Daily value | 61 % | 35 % | 64 % |
Ingredient list | 7 % | 9 % | 7 % |
Don't know | * | 0 % | * |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
[REMOVE LABEL.]
Answer | Yogurt (n = 693) |
Orange Juice (n = 686) |
Pasta (n = 693) |
---|---|---|---|
All | 56 % | 57 % | 68 % |
Most | 10 % | 15 % | 17 % |
Some | 8 % | 9 % | 11 % |
None | 1 % | 2 % | 1 % |
Never buy | 9 % | 7 % | 2 % |
Never eat or drink | 16 % | 9 % | * |
Don't know | * | 0 % | * |
"n" denotes number of observations.
[IF "ALL," "MOST," OR "SOME," GO TO E2. OTHERWISE, SKIP TO F1.]
Answer | Yogurt (n = 511) |
Orange Juice (n = 563) |
Pasta (n = 662) |
---|---|---|---|
Strongly agree | 12 % | 10 % | 11 % |
Somewhat agree | 28 % | 31 % | 29 % |
Somewhat disagree | 23 % | 25 % | 23 % |
Strongly disagree | 36 % | 33 % | 36 % |
Don't know | * | * | * |
Answer | Yogurt (n = 511) |
Orange Juice (n = 563) |
Pasta (n = 662) |
---|---|---|---|
Strongly agree | 27 % | 27 % | 21 % |
Somewhat agree | 47 % | 46 % | 46 % |
Somewhat disagree | 15 % | 18 % | 20 % |
Strongly disagree | 11 % | 8 % | 12 % |
Don't know | * | * | * |
Answer | Yogurt (n = 511) |
Orange Juice (n = 563) |
Pasta (n = 662) |
---|---|---|---|
Strongly agree | 18 % | 17 % | 10 % |
Somewhat agree | 31 % | 31 % | 30 % |
Somewhat disagree | 31 % | 30 % | 31 % |
Strongly disagree | 19 % | 21 % | 26 % |
Don't know | 3 % | 2 % | 2 % |
"n" denotes number of observations.
Health Problem | Yes | No | Don't know | Prefer not to answer |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cancer | 7 % | 92 % | 1 % | * |
Diabetes | 13 % | 85 % | 1 % | * |
Heart disease | 7 % | 92 % | 1 % | * |
High blood pressure | 35 % | 63 % | 1 % | * |
High cholesterol | 36 % | 62 % | 1 % | * |
Liver-related problem | 3 % | 95 % | 2 % | * |
Obesity or overweight | 34 % | 64 % | 1 % | * |
Osteoporosis or bone problem | 15 % | 83 % | 2 % | * |
Stroke | 3 % | 95 % | 1 % | * |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
[ASK F2 FOR HEALTH PROBLEMS THAT RECEIVED A "NO" OR "DON"T KNOW," BUT NOT "PREFER NOT TO ANSWER," IN F1.]
Health Problem | Yes | No |
Don't know | Prefer not to answer |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cancer (n = 963) | 7 % | 66 % | 26 % | 0 % |
Diabetes (n = 898) | 11 % | 69 % | 20 % | 0 % |
Heart disease (n = 961) | 15 % | 60 % | 25 % | 0 % |
High blood pressure (n = 667) | 10 % | 71 % | 19 % | 0 % |
High cholesterol (n = 655) | 9 % | 70 % | 20 % | 0 % |
Liver-related problem (n = 1003) | 2 % | 80 % | 18 % | 0 % |
Obesity or overweight (n = 682) | 8 % | 79 % | 12 % | * |
Osteoporosis or bone problem (n = 873) | 10 % | 70 % | 20 % | 0 % |
Stroke (n = 999) | 6 % | 68 % | 26 % | 0 % |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Range of Height | 4 ft 6 in — 6 ft 6 in |
Prefer not to answer | * |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Range of Weight | 90 lb — 392 lb |
Prefer not to answer | 6 % |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Answer | (n = 1036) |
---|---|
Overweight | 67 % |
Underweight | 2 % |
About the right weight | 30 % |
Don't know | 1 % |
Prefer not to answer | * |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Modem | (n = 1036) |
---|---|
56k or lower | 27 % |
High-speed, including broadband, cable, DSL, ADSL, T1, T3, ISDN | 65 % |
Other | * |
Don't know | 8 % |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Level of School | (n = 1036) |
---|---|
0 - 11 years or grades | 2 % |
12 years, high school graduate, or GED | 42 % |
1-3 years of college or associate degree | 28 % |
4 years of college or college graduate | 20 % |
Postgraduate, masters, doctorate, law degree, MD | 8 % |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Age | (n = 1036) |
---|---|
18 - 34 years old | 10 % |
35 - 54 years old | 38 % |
55 + years old | 52 % |
Mean age = 53 years |
Age = 2006 - response.
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Gender | (n = 1036) |
---|---|
Female | 77 % |
Male | 23 % |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Yes (n = 1036) |
|
---|---|
Hispanic or Latino origin | 5 % |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
Race | (n = 1036) |
---|---|
White | 90 % |
Black or African American | 7 % |
Asian | 2 % |
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander | * |
American Indian or Alaskan Native | 3 % |
"n" denotes number of respondents.
[SHOW THE FOLLOWING TO RESPONDENTS ASSIGNED TO ANY CONDITION RELATED TO PASTA.]
This study has talked about something called LYSOTON. Please note that LYSOTON does not exist. The term is included in this study to assess people's reactions to food labels if there is an unfamiliar or unknown nutrient mentioned on the label.
Answer | (n = 634) |
---|---|
Yes | 96 % |
No | 4 % |
"n" denotes number of observations.
Thank you. These are all the questions in this study. We hope you have enjoyed your participation in the study.
END OF STUDY