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Transportation Statistics Annual Report 2000

Transportation Statistics Annual Report 2000

BTS 01-02

NOTE: This edition of the Transportation Statistics Annual Report is provided as a historical reference. A newer edition of this publication, with more recent data for many items, is available. Some information and data in the historical document for a stated time period may differ from that for the same time period in the newer edition, reflecting revisions in the data by the source.

Table of Contents File Formats
Entire Report
Front Matter
Preface
Chapter 1 - Summary
Entire Chapter 1
Chapter 2 - Transportation System Extent and Condition
Entire Chapter 2
Transportation System Extent
Table 1 - Highways: 1999 Data
Table 2 - Air: 1999 Data
Table 3 - Rail: 1999 Data
Table 4 - Transit: 1999 Data
Table 5 - Water: 1999 Data
Table 6 - Pipeline: 1999 Data
Restructuring and Consolidation of Transportation Industries
Aviation
Rail
Figure 1 - Class I Railroad Performance Indices: 1975–1999
Water
Motor Carriers
Table 1 - Active Interstate Motor Carriers by Fleet Size: 2000
Information Technology
Figure 1 - ITS Infrastructure Deployment in 75 Metropolitan Areas: 1997 and 1999
Roads
Figure 1 - Urban and Rural Roadway Mileage by Surface Type: 1950–1999
U.S. Vehicle Fleet
Figure 1 - Highway Vehicle Trends: 1989–1999
High-Speed Rail Corridors
Map - Designated High-Speed Rail Corridors: 2000
Urban Transit
Figure 1 - Revenue Vehicle-Miles by Urban Transit Mode: 1991–1999
Table 1 - Condition of Transit Vehicles: 1987–1997
U.S.-Flag Vessels
Table 1 - U.S.-Flag Vessels: Available vs. Operating, by Vessel Type: 1999
Table 2 - Selected U.S. Vessels Available to Operate: By Region, as of December 31, 1999
Table 3 - Age of the U.S.-Flag Vessels: As of December 31, 1999
Port and Cargo-Handling Services
Table 1 - Top 15 U.S. Containership Port Calls, by Vessel Size: Calendar Year 1999
Table 2 - Top 10 U.S. Container Ports: 2000
Airport Runways
Table 1 - U.S. Airport Runway Pavement Conditions: 1986 and 1999
Highway Conditions
Table 1 - Condition of Roads: 1993 and 1999
Figure 1 - Urban and Rural Interstates in Poor or Mediocre Condition: 1993–1999
Bridge Conditions
Figure 1 - Deficient Bridges: 1990–1999
Map - Bridge Condition by State: 1999
Table 1 - Bridge Conditions by Functional Class: 1999
Chapter 3 - Transportation Safety
Entire Chapter 3
Introduction
Figure 1 - Leading Causes of Death of People of All Ages in the United States: 1998
Transportation Fatalities: A Modal Picture
Figure 1 - Total Fatalities by All Modes of Transportation
Table 1 - Distribution of Transportation Fatalities by Mode: 1999
Transportation Fatality Rates
Table 1 - Fatalities by Transportation Mode
Figure 1 - Fatality Rates for Selected Modes
Highway Crash Characteristics
Table 1 - Total Fatalities in Motor Vehicle Crashes by Type of Crash: 1999
Box - National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Early Assessment 2000 Motor Vehicle Data
Figure 1 - Growth in the Number of Passenger Cars and Light Trucks
Economic Costs of Motor Vehicle Crashes
Figure 1 - Components of Economic Costs of Vehicle Crashes: 1994
Highway Crashes on Rural and Urban Roads
Table 1 - Fatal Crashes by Speed Limits and Type of Road: 1999
Table 2 - Average Emergency Medical Service (EMS) Response Time for Rural and Urban Fatal Crashes: 1998
Alcohol-Related Highway Crashes
Figure 1 - Alcohol-Related Fatalities in Motor Vehicle Crashes: 1982–1999
Figure 2 - Intoxicated Drivers by Age: 1999
Map - Alcohol-Related Motor Vehicle Fatality Rates Per 100,000 Licensed Drivers: 1999
Occupant Protection: Safety Belts, Air Bags, and Child Restraints
Figure 1 - Estimated Number of Lives Saved Each Year by Use of Safety Belts: 1975–1999
Map - Safety Belt Use Rates: 1999
Map - Type of Safety Belt Use Laws, by State: As of 2000
Tire Recalls
Large Trucks
Figure 1 - Fatalities in Large Truck Crashes: 1975–1999
Table 1 - Driver-Related Factors Cited in Two-Vehicle Fatal Crashes Between Large Trucks and Passenger Vehicles: 1998
Figure 2 - Motor Carrier Vehicle Inspections
Figure 3 - Percentage of Vehicle Inspections in which the Vehicle is Taken Out of Service: 1984–1999
Bicycles
Figure 1 - Bicycle Fatalities in Motor Vehicle Crashes: 1975–1999
Figure 2 - Bicycle Fatalities by Age of Bicyclist: 1975–1999
Pedestrians
Figure 1 - Pedestrian Fatalities in Motor Vehicle Crashes: 1975–1999
Table 1 - Pedestrian Fatalities, by Related Factors: 1999
Figure 2 - Pedestrian Traffic Fatalities by State: 1999
Commercial Aviation
Figure 1 - Commercial Aviation Accidents by Type of Operation: 1990–2000
Table 1 - Number of Commercial Aviation Fatalities by Type of Operation: 1990–2000
Figure 2 - Commercial Carrier Accident Rates: 1990–2000
General Aviation
Table 1 - Fatal Accidents and Deaths by Type of Aviation Operation: 1988–1997
Figure 1 - General Aviation Fatality Rates: 1975–2000
Figure 2 - General Aviation Fatalities: 1990–2000
Commercial Maritime Vessel Incidents
Table 1 - Number of Commercial Vessel Incidents by Type of Vessel—Top 10 Vessel Types: 1992–2000
Figure 1 - Worker Fatalities on Fishing Vessels: 1995–1999
Figure 2 - Commercial Vessel Incidents Involving Recreational Boats: 1992–2000
Recreational Boating
Figure 1 - Recreational Boating Accidents, Injuries, and Fatalities: 1988–1999
Table 1 - Types of Recreational Boating Accidents: 1999
Table 2 - Number of Fatalities by Type of Vessel: 1999
Table 3 - Recreational Boating Accidents Due to Operator Error: 1999
Rail
Table 1 - Train Accidents and Fatalities: 1978–1999
Figure 1 - Rail-Related Fatality Rate: 1978–1999
Figure 2 - Highway-Rail Grade-Crossing Fatalities: 1993–1999
Pipelines
Figure 1 - Fatalities in Pipeline Incidents
Figure 2 - Pipeline Incidents/Accidents: 1995–2000
Hazardous Materials Transportation Accidents and Incidents
Table 1 - Hazardous Materials Transportation Fatalities, Injuries, and Incidents: 1990–1999
Table 2 - Hazardous Materials Shipments by Class and Miles Shipped: 1997
Transportation Workers
Table 1 - Transportation-Related Occupational Fatalities: 1992 and 1998
Table 2 - Occupational Fatalities in Transportation Occupations: 1998
Table 3 - Occupational Fatality Rates of Transportation Occupations: 1993–1998
Chapter 4 - Mobility and Access to Transportation
Entire Chapter 4
Introduction
Passenger Travel
Figure 1 - Passenger-Miles of Travel
Box - Estimating Passenger-Miles of Travel
Figure 2 - Increases in Passenger-Miles of Travel (PMT) and Factors Affecting Travel Demand: 1975–1999
Vehicle-Miles of Travel
Box - The Highway Performance Monitoring System
Figure 1 - Changes in Vehicle-Miles of Travel by Vehicle Type: 1989–1999
Map - Percentage Change in Vehicle-Miles of Travel: 1989–1999
International Travel To and From the United States
Figure 1 - International Visitors to the United States: 1989–1999
Box - Data on International Travel To and From the United States
Figure 2 - International Trips by U.S. Residents: 1989–1999
Table 1 - Top 15 Countries of Origin of International Visitors: 1999
Table 2 - Top 15 Countries Visited by U.S. Residents: 1999
Top Passenger Border Crossings
Table 1 - Land Gateways on the Canadian and Mexican Borders: 1999
Table 2 - Top 5 Gateways for Passengers in Personal Vehicles Entering the United States: 1999
Enplanements at Major U.S. Airports
Box - What Is a Hub?
Map - Enplanements at Large Air Traffic Hubs: 1975 and 1999
Cruise Ship Vacations
Table 1 - Top 5 North American Cruise Passenger Ports: 1990 and 1999
Passenger Ferries
Table 1 - Top 10 States Ranked by Number of Ferry Terminals: 1999
Access to Intercity Public Transportation Services
Figure 1 - Communities with Access to Intercity Public Transportation by Mode
Figure 2 - Communities with Access to Intercity Public Transportation by Number of Modes
Map - Access to Transportation Services
Commuting to Work
Table 1 - Mode of Travel to Work: 1999
Figure 1 - How People Get to Work: 1985–1999
Box - Journey-to-Work Data
Figure 2 - When People Leave Home to Go to Work: 1985 and 1999
Trip Chaining
Figure 1 - Trip Chaining Involving Work Trips, by Men and Women: 1995
Transit Ridership
Figure 1 - Transit Ridership by Mode: 1989–1999
Welfare to Work
Figure 1 - Obstacles to Working Reported by Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Recipients: 1997
Figure 2 - Metropolitan Job Decentralization: 1993–1996
Growth in the Number of Vehicles per Household
Figure 1 - Percentage of Households by Number of Vehicles: 1977–1995
Table 1 - Comparison of Household Size and Number of Household Vehicles: 1977–1995
Table 2 - Household Vehicles and Licensed Drivers: 1977–1995
Households Without Vehicles
Figure 1 - Vehicleless Households by Income: 1995
Figure 2 - Vehicleless Households by Location: 1995
Figure 3 - Households by Number of Vehicles and Race/Ethnicity: 1995
Disabilities and Health Factors That Affect Travel
Box - National Health Interview Survey on Disability (NHIS-D)
Table 1 - Drivers with Disabilities and Non-Drivers
Table 2 - Types of Difficulties Cited by Users and Non-Users of Public Transportation
Highway Congestion in Metropolitan Areas
Table 1 - Congestion Measures in 68 Metropolitan Areas: 1982–1997
Figure 1 - Annual Hours of Congestion Delay Per Driver by Metropolitan Area Size
Map - Annual Person-Hours of Delay per Eligible Driver: 1982 and 1997
U.S. Airline Delays
Figure 1 - Total Number of Arrival and Departure Flight Delays: 1995–2000
Figure 2 - FAA-Cited Causes of Departure and En Route Delays: 1999
Table 1 - Top 10 Airports for Percentage of Flights Delayed, Canceled, and Diverted: 2000
Domestic Freight Shipments
Figure 1 - Growth in Domestic Freight Ton-Miles
Figure 2 - Domestic Ton-Miles, Gross Domestic Product, and Resident Population
Air Carrier Freight
Table 1 - Value of Commodities Shipped in the United States by Mode of Transportation: 1993 and 1997
Table 2 - U.S. Freight Shipments by Air Carriers: 1997
Table 3 - U.S. Freight Shipments by Parcel, Postal, and Courier Services: 1997
U.S. Container Trade
Table 1 - U.S. and World Container Traffic: 1994–1999
Figure 1 - Balance of U.S. International Container Trade—Net Imports: 1993–1999
U.S. Commercial Freight Activity
Box - The Commodity Flow Survey
Table 1 - U.S. Commercial Freight Shipment Totals: 1997
Table 2 - U.S. Commercial Freight Shipments by Value, Tons, and Ton-Miles: 1997
Figure 1 - Modal Shares of U.S. Commercial Freight Shipments by Value, Tons, and Ton-Miles: 1997
Major Commodity Shipments in the United States
Table 1 - Major Commodities Shipped in the United States: 1997
Classes of Hazardous Materials Shipped
Table 1 - Hazardous Materials Shipments by Class and Tonnage: 1997
Figure 1 - Hazardous Materials Shipments by Mode of Transportation: 1997
Intermodal Freight Shipments
Map - Intermodal Shipments as a Percentage of Total Shipments by State: 1997
Major Commodity Shipments by the Trucking Industry
Table 1 - Trucking and Railroad Share of the Major Commodity Shipments in the United States: 1997
Chapter 5 - Economic Growth
Entire Chapter 5
Introduction
Transportation Demand in GDP Growth
Table 1 - Transportation-Related Components of U.S. GDP: 1975 and 1999
Figure 1 - U.S. Gross Domestic Product by Major Societal Function: 1999
Transportation-Related Employment by Industry
Figure 1 - Employment in Transportation-Related Industries: January 1980–January 2001
For-Hire Transportation
Table 1 - U.S. Gross Domestic Product Attributed to For-Hire Transportation Industries
Figure 1 - For-Hire Transportation Shares in Gross Domestic Product: 1960 and 1999
In-House Transportation
Figure 1 - Gross Domestic Product by Selected Industries: 1996
Figure 2 - Transportation GDP by Mode
Figure 3 - Transportation Costs per Dollar of Output, by Major Industry: 1996
Transportation Labor Productivity
Figure 1 - Labor Productivity Trends by Mode
Consumer Prices for Transportation
Figure 1 - Consumer Price Indexes for Selected Items: 1978–2000
Figure 2 - Consumer Price Indexes for Purchased and Private Transportation Services: 1978–2000
Gasoline Prices
Figure 1 - Price of Motor Gasoline vs. Consumption: January 1997–January 2001
Figure 2 - Fuel Cost per Dollar of Net Output of For-Hire Transportation Industries
Household Spending on Transportation
Table 1 - Consumer Expenditure Trends
Table 2 - Household Transportation Expenditures: 1999
Figure 1 - Average Household Transportation Expenditures and Vehicle-Miles Traveled: 1984–1998
Table 3 - Annual Household Transportation Expenditures by Region: 1994 and 1999
Figure 2 - Components of Household Transportation Expenditures by Age Group: 1999
Fuel Tax Revenue
Figure 1 - Highway Trust Fund Revenue Sources: 1970–1998
Box - Where the Fuel Tax Revenues are Kept
Figure 2 - Federal Motor Fuel Tax per Household: 1966–1998
Figure 3 - Share of Federal Motor Fuel Tax in Household Disposable Income: 1966–1998
Highway Capital Stocks
Box - Transportation Infrastructure Capital Stock Account
Figure 1 - Real Growth in Highway Capital Stocks Compared with Vehicle Stocks: 1925–1999
International Trade
Figure 1 - Top 10 U.S. Trade Partners by All Modes: 1999
Box - International Trade Data
Table 1 - Value of U.S. International Merchandise Trade by Mode of Transportation: 1999
Table 2 - Top 10 U.S. Maritime Ports for International Trade by Value and Weight: 1999
Table 3 - Top 10 U.S. Maritime Trade Partners by Value and Weight: 1999
Figure 2 - Top 10 U.S. Trade Partners by Air: 1999
U.S. Waterborne Trade
Figure 1 - U.S. Domestic Waterborne Trade: 1985–1999
Table 1 - Selected Major Trading Nations in the World Maritime Arena: 1999
Figure 2 - U.S. Foreign Waterborne Trade by Value: 1988–1999
NAFTA Trade
Figure 1 - U.S. Merchandise Trade with NAFTA Partners: 1994–1999
Figure 2 - Port Share of U.S. Land Trade with NAFTA Partners, by Value: 1999
Table 1 - Major NAFTA Border Crossings: 1996 and 1999
Map - U.S.-Canada Top 20 State and Provincial Flows for Merchandise Trade by Truck: 1999
Map - U.S.-Mexico Top State Flows for Merchandise Trade by Truck: 1999
Table 2 - Top 10 U.S. Origins/Destinations for North American Merchandise Trade: 1999
Chapter 6 - Energy and The Environment
Entire Chapter 6
Introduction
Energy Use
Figure 1 - Transportation Energy Use and other Trends: 1980–1999
Table 1 - Energy Consumption by End-Use Sector
Figure 2 - Transportation Energy Use by Mode: 1998
Petroleum Consumption
Figure 1 - Transportation’s Share of U.S. Petroleum Use: 1973–1999
Alternative and Replacement Fuels
Table 1 - Fuel Consumption in the United States: 1992 and 1999
Table 2 - Estimated Number of Alternative Fueled Vehicles in the United States, by Fuel: 992 and 2000
Figure 1 - Transportation Fuel Consumption in the United States: 1999
World Crude Oil Prices
Figure 1 - World Crude Oil Prices
Figure 2 - Average Motor Fuel Expenditures per Household: 1997–2000
Energy Intensity of Passenger Travel and Freight Transportation
Figure 1 - Energy Intensities of Passenger Modes: 1980–1998
Car and Light Truck Fuel Efficiency
Figure 1 - New Passenger Car and Light Truck Fuel Economy Averages: Model Years 1978–1999
Table 1 - Changes in Fuel Economy Standards
Transportation Environmental Indicators
Figure 1 - Impacts of Transportation on the Environment
Transportation Sector Carbon Emissions
Figure 1 - U.S. Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Energy Use by Sector: 1990 and 1999
Table 1 - U.S. Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Transportation: 1990 and 1999
Box - EPA and EIA Data Differ
Key Air Pollutants
Figure 1 - National Transportation Emissions Trends Index: 1970–1998
Figure 2 - Modal Share of Key Transportation-Related Air Pollutants: 1998
Map - Location of Nonattainment Areas for Criteria Pollutants
Mobile Source Toxic Air Pollution Emissions
Figure 1 - National Trend in Annual Average Benzene Concentrations in Metropolitan Areas: 1993–1998
Table 1 - Mobile Source Air Toxics (MSATs): 2000
Aircraft Noise
Figure 1 - Stage 3 Airplanes as a Percentage of Fleets: 1992–1999
Box - Measuring Aircraft Noise
Figure 2 - People Living in High Noise Areas Around U.S. Airports 194 Reported Oil Spills by Type: 1994–1999
Oil Spills
Figure 1 - Reported Oil Spills by Type: 1994–1999
Table 1 - Reported Oil Spills in U.S. Waterways: 1989–1999
Dredged Material
Figure 1 - Disposal/Use of Material Dredged by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Leaking Underground Storage Tanks
Table 1 - Leaking Underground Storage Tank Releases and Cleanups
Transportation Wastes
Figure 1 - Disposition of Used Lead-Acid Batteries
Figure 2 - Disposition of Used Rubber Tires
Wetlands
Table 1 - Wetland Acreage Impacted and Nationwide Permit (NWP) 26 Requests and Authorizations: May 1997–September 1998
Table 2 - Wetlands Lost and Created Under the Federal Aid Highway Program: 1996–2000
Urban Sprawl
Table 1 - Alleged Negative and Positive Impacts of Sprawl
Table 2 - Growth-Related Environmental Issues and Impacts
Transportation and Environmental Justice
Introduction of Harmful Species
Map - Distribution of the West Nile Virus
Chapter 7 - National Security
Entire Chapter 7
Introduction
Movement of Military Forces and Materiel
Figure 1 - National Defense Reserve Fleet: 1975–1999
Table 1 - Members of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet
Map - Strategic Highway Network (STRAHNET)
Terrorist Threats to Transportation
Table 1 - International Terrorist Incidents and Casualties: 1994–1999
Figure 1 - International Terrorist Attacks Against U.S. Interests as a Proportion of Total Attacks: 1994–1999
Figure 2 - Worldwide Violent Acts Against Transportation: 1995–1998
Vulnerability of Transportation Infrastructure to Terrorism
Table 1 - Percentage of Worldwide Violent Attacks on Transportation, by Mode: 1998
Table 2 - Worldwide Casualties by Transportation Mode: 1998
Figure 1 - Acts of Violence Against Transportation by Geographic Region: 1998
International Terrorism and Civil Aviation
Figure 1 - Hijackings Worldwide: 1970–2000
Table 1 - Incidents Against Aviation by Category: 1996–2000
Figure 2 - Incidents Against Aviation by Geographic Region: 1996–2000
World Petroleum Reserves
Table 1 - World Petroleum Endowment
Transportation’s Dependence on Imported Oil
Figure 1 - U.S. Petroleum Production and Consumption: 1975–1999
Table 1 - Major Suppliers of U.S. Petroleum Products
Figure 2 - U.S. Oil Imports
U.S. Merchant Shipbuilding and Repair
Table 1 - World Orderbook as of July 2000
Figure 1 - U.S. Commercial Shipbuilding Orderbook History: As of December 31, 1999
Figure 2 - Capital Investments in the U.S. Shipbuilding and Repair Industry
U.S. Aircraft Manufacturing
Figure 1 - U.S. Civil and Military Aircraft Production: 1969–1999
Figure 2 - World Market Share of Large Commercial Transport Aircraft by Value of Deliveries
Figure 3 - Aerospace Exports and Imports
Drug Smuggling and Interdiction
Figure 1 - Federal Drug Control Spending by Function: FY 1999
Figure 2 - U.S. Coast Guard Drug Seizures: 1991–1999
Alien Smuggling and Interdiction
Figure 1 - U.S. Coast Guard Migrant Interdictions by Sea: 1995–2000
Figure 2 - U.S. Coast Guard Interdictions by Sea: 2000
Chapter 8 - State of Transportation Statistics
Entire Chapter 8
Data Collection
Box 1 - A Strategic Plan for Transportation Statistics: 2000–2005
Data Quality
Box 2 - Safety Data Action Plan Research Projects
Compiling, Storing, and Disseminating Transportation Data
Conclusion
Appendices
Appendix A: List of Acronyms and Initialisms
Appendix B: Glossary
Appendix C: List of Figures, Tables, Maps, and Boxes
Index
Index
Map Insert
Map - Major Transportation Facilities of the United States