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Yes.  The 1983 Social Security Amendments provide program coverage to federal civilian employees (including employees of federal instrumentalities). Specifically, the Amendments cover employees who, on or after January 1, 1984,  are hired for the first time or return to federal employment after a separation of 365 days or more.  Covered employment includes service performed by, but not limited to:

• Legislative branch employees who were not covered by the Civil Service Retirement System (or any retirement system for federal government employees);
• The president, the vice president, and all members of Congress;
• Sitting federal judges; and
• Most political appointees, including non-career members of the Senior Executive Service.