Primary Outcome Measures:
- Safety [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
- Maximum tolerated dose [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
- Toxicity as measured by NCI Common Toxicity Criteria [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
Secondary Outcome Measures:
- Disease status at days 28 and 56 [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
- Immune response assessment by antigen-specific IFNγ ELISPOT assays on days 0, 28, and 56 [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
OBJECTIVES:
Primary
- To determine the safety, toxicity, and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of autologous dendritic cell-adenovirus CCL21 vaccine administered as an intratumoral injection in treating patients with stage IIIB, IV, or recurrent non-small cell lung cancer.
Secondary
- To determine the biologic and clinical responses to therapy.
- To determine treatment-related toxicity using the NCI Common Toxicity Criteria.
- To identify the MTD.
- To monitor patients for evidence of autologous dendritic cell-adenovirus CCL21 vaccine-induced cytokines and antigen-specific immune responses.
- To detect immune responses to tumor-associated antigens and vector.
- To assess patients for objective signs of tumor regression (RECIST Criteria).
OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation study of autologous dendritic cell-adenovirus CCL21 vaccine.
Patients undergo leukapheresis to obtain leukocytes for generation of autologous dendritic cells (DC). Adenovirus carrying the CCL21 gene is added to the dendritic cells to make the vaccine. Approximately 2 weeks after leukapheresis, patients receive an intratumoral injection of autologous dendritic cell-adenovirus CCL21 vaccine under CT-guidance or by bronchoscopy on days 0 and 7. Patients demonstrating a clinical response are eligible to receive a second round of gene transfer at their discretion and in consultation with the FDA.
Cohorts of 3 patients receive escalating doses of autologous dendritic cell-adenovirus CCL21 vaccine until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is determined. An additional 12 patients are treated at the MTD.
Patients undergo blood sample collection at baseline and then on days 0, 7, 14, 28, and 56 for safety and immunological studies. Blood samples are analyzed for mycoplasma by PCR; dendritic cell phenotype by flow cytometry; detection of adenovirus CCL21 by nested PCR; and adenoviral antibodies by ELISA. Patients also undergo tissue aspirate or biopsy on days 0 and 7 (during bronchoscopy or CT-guided procedure). Tissue samples are analyzed for immune-modulating cytokines (i.e., IFNγ, CXCL9, and CXCL10) by quantitative RT-PCR; detection of tumor infiltrating leukocytes by immunohistochemistry; CD83+ DC, CXCR3, CCR7, CCL21 and CD3+ T-cells, CD4, and CD8 by flow cytometry; determination of tumor expression of tumor-associated antigen by RT-PCR; and evaluation of immune modulation by ELISPOT assays.
After completion of study treatment, patients are followed periodically.