Professional Background

Project Leader, ADAF, NIST, 1999-February 2005.

Research Associate, ADAF, NIST, 1996-1998.

Guest Scientist, Ceramics Division, NIST, 1990-1996.

Research Associate, Department of Orthodontics, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, 1995-1996.

Ph.D., Materials Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 1993.

M.S., Physics, Kansas State University, 1990. B.S., Physics, Zhejiang Hangzhou University, China, 1984.

Honors and Awards

2006present Editorial Board Member, Journal of Dental Research

Principal Investigator Award, NIH research Grant: Ceramic Whisker Reinforcement of Dental Resin Composites. NIDCR R29 DE12476, $499,593, 1998-2003.

Principal Investigator Award, NIH research grant: Development of strong and macroporous biomaterials. NIDCR R01 DE14190, $1.24 million, 2003-2008.

Principal Investigator Award, ADAF research grant: Periodontal Bone Tissue Engineering. $67,520, 2004-2005.

First place, Ceramographic Contest, American Ceramic Society, 1994.

First place, Micrograph Contest, International Conference on Wear of Materials, 1995.

Patents

Xu HHK, Eichmiller FC, Schumacher GE. Continuous fiber-reinforced dental restorations. U. S. Patent No. 6,334,775, 2002.

Xu HHK, Chow LC, Takagi S, Eichmiller FC. Self-hardening calcium phosphate materials with high resistance to fracture, controlled strength histories and tailored macropore formation rates. U.S. Patent No. 6,955,716, 2005.

Xu HHK, Weir M. Three-Dimensional Cell Protector/Pore Architecture Formation for Bone and Tissue Constructs. U.S. Patent Application No. 11/132,028, filed May 18, 2005.

Xu HHK, Sun L, Takagi S, Chow LC. Dental releasing materials. U. S. Patent Application No. 11/138,182, filed May 26, 2005.

Selected Publications

Xu HHK, Takagi S, Sun L, Hussain L, Chow LC, Guthrie WF, Yen JH. Calcium phosphate cement with non-rigidity and strength durability for periodontal bone repair. Journal of the American Dental Association 2006;137:1131-1138.

Burguera EF, Xu HHK, Weir MD. Injectable and rapid-setting calcium phosphate bone cement with dicalcium phosphate dihydrate. J Biomed Mater Res 2006;77B:126-134.

Weir MD, Xu HHK, Simon CG. Strong calcium phosphate cement-chitosan-mesh construct containing cell-encapsulating hydrogel beads for bone tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res 2006;77A:487-496.

Zhang Y, Xu HHK, Takagi S, Chow LC. In-situ hardening hydroxyapatite-based scaffold for bone repair. J Mater Sci: Mater in Medicine 2006;17:437-445.

Xu HHK, Weir MD, Burguera EF, Fraser AM. Injectable and macroporous calcium phosphate cement scaffold. Biomaterials 2006;27:4279-4287.

Xu HHK, Sun L, Weir MD, Antonucci JM, Takagi S, Chow LC, Peltz M. Nano DCPA-whisker composites with high strength and Ca and PO4 release. Journal of Dental Research 2006;85:722-727.

Xu HHK, Sun L, Weir MD, Takagi S, Chow LC, Hockey B. Effects of nano-sized monocalcium phosphate monohydrate fillers on Ca-and-PO4-releasing dental composites. J Biomed Mater Res (accepted for publication).

Xu HHK, Weir MD, Sun L, Takagi S, Chow LC. Effect of calcium phosphate nanoparticles on Ca-PO4 composites. J Dent Res (accepted for publication).

Xu HHK, Weir MD, Sun L. Dental nanocomposites with Ca-PO4 release: Effects of reinforcement, dicalcium phosphate particle size and silanization. Dental Materials (in review).

Sun L, Xu HHK, Takagi S, Chow LC. Fast setting CPC-chitosan composite: Mechanical properties and dissolution rates. Biomaterials (in review).

Weir MD, Xu HHK. Controlled protein release from high-strength calcium phosphate cement-chitosan composites. Biomaterials (in review).

Xu HHK, Carey LE, Simon CG. Macroporous scaffold of premixed calcium phosphate bone cement: Mechanical properties and cell response. J Mater Sci: Mater in Medicine (accepted for publication).

Xu HHK, Carey LE, Simon CG Jr, Takagi S, Chow LC. Premixed calcium phosphate cements: synthesis, physical properties, and cell cytotoxicity. Dental Materials (accepted for publication).

2005

Xu HHK, Simon CG Jr (2005). Fast setting calcium phosphate-chitosan scaffold: mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Biomaterials 2005;26:1337-1348.

Xu HHK, Simon CG Jr, Takagi S, Chow LC, Eichmiller FC. Strong, macroporous and in-situ hardening hydroxyapatite for bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials Forum 2005;27:14-19.

Carey LE, Xu HHK, Simon CG, Takagi S, Chow LC. Premixed rapid-setting calcium phosphate composites for bone repair. Biomaterials 2005;26:5002-5014.

Burguera EF, Xu HHK, Takagi S, Chow LC (2005). High early-strength calcium phosphate bone cement: Effects of dicalcium phosphate dehydrate and absorbable fibers. J Biomed Mater Res 75A:966-975.

Zhang Y, Xu HHK (2005). Effects of synergistic reinforcement and absorbable fiber strength on hydroxyapatite bone cement. J Biomed Mater Res 75A:832-840.

Antonucci JM, Dickens SH, Fowler BO, Xu HHK, McNonough WG (2005). Chemistry of silanes: Interfaces in dental polymers and composites. J Res NIST 110:541-558.

2004

Xu HHK, Quinn JB, Giuseppetti AA (2004). Wear and mechanical properties of nano-silica-fused whisker composites. Journal of Dental Research 2004;83:930-935.

Xu HHK, Quinn JB, Giuseppetti AA, Eichmiller FC, Parry EE, Schumacher GE (2004). Three-body wear of dental resin composites reinforced with silica-fused whiskers. Dental Materials 20:220-227.

Xu HHK, Quinn JB, Takagi S, Chow LC (2004). Synergistic reinforcement of in situ hardening calcium phosphate composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials 25:1029-1037.

Xu HHK, Simon CG (2004). Self-hardening calcium phosphate cement-mesh composite: Reinforcement, macropores, and cell response. J Biomed Mater Res 69A:267-278.

Xu HHK, Takagi S, Quinn JB, Chow LC (2004). Fast-setting and anti-washout calcium phosphate scaffolds with high strength and controlled macropore formation rates. J Biomed Mater Res 68A:725-734.

Xu HHK, Simon CG (2004). Self-hardening calcium phosphate composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 22:535-543.

Xu HHK, Smith DT, Simon CG (2004). Strong and bioactive composites containing nano-silica-fused whiskers for bone repair. Biomaterials 25:4615-4626.

2003

Xu HHK, Quinn JB, Smith DT, Giuseppetti AA, Eichmiller FC (2003). Effects of different whiskers on the reinforcement of dental resin composites. Dent Mater 19:359-367.

Xu HHK (2003). Long-term water aging of whisker-reinforced polymer-matrix composites. Journal of Dental Research 82:48-52.

Xu HHK, Schumacher GE, Eichmiller FC, Peterson RC, Antonucci JM, Mueller HJ (2003). Continuous-fiber preform reinforcement of dental resin composite restorations. Dental Materials 19:523-530.

2002

Xu HHK, Quinn JB, Takagi S, Chow LC (2002). Processing and properties of strong and non-rigid calcium phosphate cement. Journal of Dental Research 81:219-224.

Xu HHK, Quinn JB (2002). Calcium phosphate cement containing resorbable fibers for short-term reinforcement and macroporosity. Biomaterials 23:193-202.

Xu HHK, Quinn JB, Smith DT, Antonucci JM, Schumacher GE, Eichmiller FC (2002). Dental resin composites containing silica-fused whiskers  Effects of whisker-to-silica ratio on fracture toughness and indentation properties. Biomaterials 23:735-742.

Xu HHK, Eichmiller FC, Smith DT, Schumacher GE, Giuseppetti AA, Antonucci JM (2002). Effect of thermal cycling on whisker-reinforced dental resin composites. J Mater Sci: Mater in Medicine 13:875-883.

2001

Xu HHK, Quinn JB (2001). Effect of silicon carbide whisker-silica heat treatment on the reinforcement of dental resin composites. J Biomed Mater Res 58B:81-87.

Xu HHK, Eichmiller FC, Barndt PR (2001). Effects of fiber length and volume fraction on the reinforcement of calcium phosphate cement. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 12:57-65.

Xu HHK, Quinn JB (2001). Whisker-reinforced bioactive composites containing calcium phosphate cement fillers: Effects of filler ratio and surface treatments on mechanical properties. J Biomed Mater Res 57A:165-174.

Xu HHK, Quinn JB, Takagi S, Chow LC, Eichmiller FC (2001). Strong and macroporous calcium phosphate cement: Effects of porosity and fiber reinforcement. J Biomed Mater Res 57A:457-466.

2000

Xu HHK (2000). Whisker-reinforced heat-cured dental resin composites: Effects of filler level and heat-cure temperature and time. J Dent Res 79:1392-1397.

Xu HHK, Eichmiller FC, Antonucci JM, Schumacher GE, Ives LK (2000). Dental resin composites containing ceramic whiskers and precured glass ionomer particles. Dent Mater 16:356-363.

Xu HHK, Schumacher GE, Eichmiller FC, and Antonucci JM (2000). Strengthening composite resin restorations with ceramic whisker reinforcement. Pract Periodont Aesthet Dent 12:111-116.

Xu HHK, Eichmiller FC, Antonucci JM, Flaim GM (2000). Single-crystalline ceramic whisker-reinforced carboxylic acid-resin composites with fluoride release. Operative Dentistry 25:90-97.

Xu HHK, Smith DT, Schumacher GE, Eichmiller FC, Antonucci JM (2000). Indentation modulus and hardness of whisker-reinforced heat-cured dental resin composites. Dent Mater 16:248-254.

Xu HHK, Eichmiller FC, Giuseppetti AA (2000). Reinforcement of a self-setting calcium phosphate cement with different fibers. J Biomed Mater Res 52:107-114.

Xu HHK, Smith DT, Schumacher GE, Eichmiller FC (2000). Whisker-reinforced dental core buildup composites: Effect of filler level on mechanical properties. J Biomed Mater Res 52:812-818.

Xu HHK, Quinn JB, Giuseppetti AA, Eichmiller FC (2000). Effects of whisker-to-silica ratio on the reinforcement of dental resin composites with silica-fused whiskers. J Dent Res 79:1844-1849.

1999

Xu HHK, Martin TA, Antonucci JM, Eichmiller FC (1999). Ceramic whisker reinforcement of dental composite resins. J Dent Res 78:706-712.

Xu HHK, Eichmiller FC, Giuseppetti AA, Ives LK, Parry EE, Schumacher GE (1999). Three-body wear of a hand-consolidated silver alternative to amalgam. J Dent Res 78:1560-1567.

Xu HHK (1999). Dental composite resins containing silica-fused ceramic single-crystalline whiskers with various filler levels. J Dent Res 78:1304-1311.

Xu HHK, Giuseppetti AA, Eichmiller FC, Ives LK (1999). Two-body sliding wear of a silver direct-filling alternative to amalgam. Quint International 30:199-208.

Xu HHK, Ostertag CP (1999). Crack closure stresses in fiber reinforced brittle matrix composites. J Euro Ceram Soc 19:591-599.

1998

Xu HHK, Kelly JR, Jahanmir S, Thompsom VP, Rekow ED (1998). Indentation damage and mechanical properties of human enamel and dentin. J Dent Res 77:472-480.

Xu HHK, Jahanmir S, Ives LK (1998). Mechanisms of material removal in abrasive machining of ceramics. International Ceramic Review 6:380-385.

Xu HHK and Jahanmir S (1998). Effect of microstructure on damage tolerance in grinding dental glass-ceramics. J Mater Res 13:2231-2236. Xu HHK, Eichmiller FC, Giuseppetti AA, Johnson CE (1998). Cyclic contact fatigue of a silver alternative to amalgam. Dental Materials 14:11-20.

Xu HHK, Liao H, Eichmiller FC (1998). Indentation creep of a direct-filling silver and an amalgam. J Dent Res 77:1991-1998.

1997

Xu HHK, Kelly JR, Jahanmir S, Thompsom VP, Rekow ED (1997). Enamel subsurface damage due to tooth preparation with diamonds. J Dent Res 76:1698-1706.

Xu HHK and Jahanmir S (1997). Effect of machining on mechanical properties of zirconia and zirconis-toughened alumina. Mach Sci Tech 1:49-66.

1996

Xu HHK, Smith DT, and Jahanmir S (1996). Influence of microstructure on indentation and machining of dental glass-ceramics. J Mater Res 11:2325-2337.

Xu HHK and Jahanmir S (1996). Transitions in the mechanism of material removal in abrasive wear of alumina. Wear 192:228-232.

Xu HHK, Wei L, and Jahanmir S (1996). Effect of grain size on grinding damage in alumina. J Am Ceram Soc 79:1307-1313.

Xu HHK and Jahanmir S (1996). Material removal and damage tolerance in grinding silicon nitride. J Mater Res 11:1717-1724.

Xu HHK, Jahanmir S, Ives LK, Job L, and Ritchie K (1996). Short-crack toughness and abrasive machining of silicon nitride. J Am Ceram Soc 79:3055-3064.

1995

Xu HHK, Ostertag CP, and Krause RF (1995). Temperature effects on toughness curves in alumina. J Am Ceram Soc 78:260-262.

Xu HHK, Ostertag CP, Fuller ER, Braum LM, and Lloyd IK (1995). Fracture resistance of SiC-fiber-reinforced Si3N4 composites at ambient and elevated temperatures. J Am Ceram Soc 78:698-704.

Xu HHK, Braum LM, Ostertag CP, Krause RF, and Lloyd IK (1995). Failure mode of SiC-fiber-reinforced Si3N4 composites at elevated temperatures. J Am Ceram Soc 78:388-394.

Xu HHK, Wie L, and Jahanmir S (1995). Grinding force and microcrack density in abrasive machining of silicon nitride. J Mater Res 10:3204-3208.

Xu HHK, Padture N, and Jahanmir S (1995). Effect of microstructure on material-removal and damage tolerance in abrasive machining of silicon carbide. J Am Ceram Soc 78:2443-2448.

Xu HHK and Jahanmir S (1995). Effect of microstructure on abrasive machining of ceramics. Ceram Eng Sci Proc 16:295-314.

Xu HHK and Jahanmir S. (1995): Effect of grain size on scratch damage and hardness of alumina. J Mater Sci Lett 14:736-739.

Xu HHK, Jahanmir S (1995). Microfractrue and material removal in scratching alumina. J Mater Sci 30:2235-2247.

Xu HHK, Jahanmir S, and Wang Y (1995). Effect of grain size on scratch interactions and material removal in alumina. J Am Ceram Soc 78:881-891.

Xu HHK, Wei L, Padture NP, Lawn BR, and Yeckley RL (1995). Microstructural coarsening effect on hertzian contact damage in silicon nitride. J Mater Sci 30:869-378.

Xu HHK and Jahanmir S (1995). Scratching and grinding of a machinable mica-containing glass-ceramic with weak interfaces and rising T-curve. J Am Ceram Soc 78:497-500.

1994

Xu HHK, Ostertag CP, Braun LM, and Lloyd IK (1994). Effects of fiber volume fraction on mechanical properties of SiC-fiber/Si3N4-matrix composites. J Am Ceram Soc 77:1897-1900.

Xu HHK and Jahanmir S (1994). Simple technique for observing subsurface damage in machining of ceramics. J Am Ceram Soc 77:1388-1390.

Xu HHK, Ostertag CP, Braun LM, and Lloyd IK (1994). Short-crack mechanical properties of SiC-fiber/Si3N4-matrix composites. J Am Ceram Soc 77:1897-1900.

* The above list does not include numerous presentations, invited talks, IADR/AADR oral and poster presentations, and published abstracts.