• Assess the effects of 3 doses of TMC207 administered over a 7 day period on M. tuberculosis in sputum compared to effects of treatment with standard doses of isoniazid and rifampin
  

• Assess the short term safety, tolerability and PK of multiple oral doses of TMC207 in treatment-naÃ-ve subjects with pulmonary M.tuberculosis infection
  

This is a Phase IIa, open-label, randomized trial in treatment-naïve, sputum smear-positive, subjects with pulmonary TB to assess the extended early bactericidal activity (eEBA) of TMC207. The study population will consist of 60 treatment-naive subjects with M. tuberculosis infection. Subjects will receive orally 25 mg TMC207 po q.d. (Treatment A), 100 mg TMC207 po q.d. (Treatment B) or 400 mg TMC207 po q.d. (Treatment C) daily for 7 days. Subjects in treatment group D will recive 600 mg rifampin po q.d. daily for 7 days and subjects in treatment group E will receive 300 mg isoniazid po q.d. daily for 7 days. After 7 days, subjects in all treatmnet groups will receive appropriate anti-TB therapy according to national standards of country TB guidelines and culture and sensitivity results of the sputum specimens until clinical and mincrobiological cures have been achieved.

Three once-daily dose regimens of TMC207, for 7 days, will be studied versus 2 comparator treatments, rifampin and isoniazid in the present trial.TMC207 treatment groups: 25 mg TMC207 po q.d; 100 mg. TMC207 po q.d; 400 mg TMC207 po q.d.; TMC207 will be administered as a 10 or 40 mg/mL oral solution. Comparator groups: 600 mg rifampin po q.d. administered as capsules containing 300 mg rifampin; 300 mg isoniazid po q.d. administered as tablets containing 300 mg isoniazid.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Treatment-naive subjects with pulmonary M. tuberculosis infection, willing to start anti-TB therapy
• Positive for acid-fast bacilli on direct smear exam of sputum specimen
• Must consent to HIV testing
• Must agree to hospital admission

Exclusion Criteria:

• History or presence of hepatic or GI disease that may interfere with the absorption of TMC207, isoniazid or rifampin
• Subjects who received previous anti-mycobacterial drugs for the treatment of a mycobacteria infection and subjects who have received more than 2 weeks of treatment with a fluoroquinolone
• Subjects who have received antiretroviral therapy and/or oral or I.V. anti-fungal medication w/in the last 90 days
• Subjects with sputum cultures of M. tuberculosis resistant to rifampin
• Impared hepatic function