Bemidji Project Home Page

Photos and Graphics from the Bemidji Site

July 6-27, 2007 field work:

• Group photo of the 2007 Bemidji research team taken July 14th.
• John Greene, Landon Gryczkowski, and Jared Trost measuring oil levels at the north pool.
• Rich, John, and Wally collecting push-probe water samples near the 530 and 518 well nests.
• Rich, John, and Wally cleaning the ports on the push probe .
• Rich working on repairing Swagelok fittings for bladder pump on push probe.
• Rich collecting a water sample using the push-probe equipment he designed.
• Kelly Stafford running the pump to collect a push-probe water sample.
• Kelly running push-probe samples on a GC in the MSEA trailer.
• Kelly, Jasmine, and Isabelle conducting analyses in the trailer.
• Uli running analyses on a GC in the trailer.
• Uli and Katie collecting samples from the 533 well nest.
• Katie running analyses on the mass spec in the trailer.
• Isabelle calculating BTEX standard concentrations for calibrating the GC.
• John, Wally, and Jarod needed to make repairs to the hydrolabs for field parameter sampling.
• Jarod and Jasmine measuring field parameters at well 9015. Jarod working with a YSI meter.
• Landon using a Chemts kit to estimate Fe(II) the concentration a well.
• Wally reprogramming the datalogger at well 419.
• Jarod, Jasmine, and Landon measuring field parameters for wells below unnamed lake. Here's a closeup of the sampling operation.
• Barbara doing computer work in the Haulmark trailer.
• Barbara, Ean, and Jasmine conducting analyzing a soil core outside the MSEA trailer.
• Ean conducting a vertical temperature profile survey in well 604B.

  July 10-23, 2006 field work:

• Group photo of the research team during Week 1 and Week 2 of the primary research trip this year.
• It took several days to measure field parameters in 164 of the wells at the site. Jenifer Bode, Dan Rosemore, and Wally Larson were involved, oftentimes using the 6-wheel ATV or the 4-wheeler. 
• Jenifer and Dan measured field parameters in the wells completed below unnamed lake. They paddled to the raft in a canoe. 
• Following the sampling, Jenifer put the field parameters in a spread sheet. 
• Bill Herkelrath calibrated the pressure transducers used prior to the aquifer test and analyzed the data in the trailer during the test.
• Water from the pumped well was discharged near the south pool where it was channeled into pipes that were buried beneath the road. 
• We measured discharge from the pumped well using a Blancett flow meter and stored the discharge and water-level data on two dataloggers. 
• Landon Gryzkowski and Dan took the lead in measuring oil levels during the aquifer test. 
• Landon didn't need the tank cart to move the CO2 tanks into the needed positions.
• Soil cores were collected with our Mobile B-56 auger rig and the freeze-shoe core barrel. 
• Barbara Bekins analyzed the soil cores outside the MSEA trailer prior to shipment back to the lab for MPN analyses. 
• Wally, Dan, and Barbara removed the Fe-reducing microcosm for inspection. Unfortunately, all of the sediment in the microcosm fell out during its removal. We may be able  to use the microcosm elsewhere in the future, however. 
• Phil Bennett and Geoff Delin conducted several more unsaturated-zone push-pull tests, building upon results from the preliminary work done in June. The samples were injected directly into the USGS GC with sub-samples into the University of Texas GC. A convection oven was used to bake out one of the GC columns, which didn't fit inside either GC. 
• During this field session, a group of about 25 students (middle school and high-school science teachers from across Minnesota) were given an instructional tour of the site. As part of their class, the students then measured water levels in a sub-set of the observation wells and constructed a water-table map. 
• Quiz: Who is this person? 
• A small forest fire broke out near the site during our trip. Fire fighting crews including a helicopter was brought in to fight the fire. The helicopter made multiple runs to pick up water in a bucket from a nearby wetland/pond and then dropped the water on the fire.  It was put out quickly. 
• Following the field work, the tent was packed up and an equipment inventory was competed in our storage facility in Bemidji. 

  June 15-20, 2006 field work:

• A set of preliminary unsaturated-zone push-pull tests were conducted during this time period. Phil Bennett and Geoff Delin mixed the gas in a teflon bag prior to injection. 
• The gas mixture was then directly injected into a vapor port, allowed to dissipate for awhile, then pumped back out again from the same port and directly injected into a gas chromatograph (GC) in the trailer. The tubes installed from the air conditioned to the top of the GC were for heat reduction, by the way. 
• Periodically, samples were collected from vapor ports overlying or underlying the injection port.

  July 11-22, 2005 field work:

• Group photo of research team in front of drill rig. 
• Contract drilling of the pumped well for the aquifer test, 6-1-05.  
• Installing pumped well used for the aquifer test. 
• Wally Larson installing aquifer test observation well 0504 on 6-15-05. 
• Bill Herkelrath checking the pumping rate during the aquifer test, 7-19-05. 
• Wally checking the discharge hose and sampling discharge water during the aquifer test, 7-19-05.  
• Wally sampling the discharge water from the pumped well during the aquifer test.
• John Greene and Landon Gryczkowski measuring crude-oil thicknesses during the aquifer test.  
• Bill plotting up modeling and aquifer test results in the MSEA trailer.
• Bill and Landon strategizing their plans during the aquifer test. 
• Barbara Bekins and Ean Warren inoculating samples in the MSEA trailer.
• John with safety equipment need for drilling.  
• Geoff Delin interpreting data in the MSEA trailer.  
• Paul Kenward, Sarah Tsoslias, Jennifer Roberts, and Brena Mauck (Univ. of Kansas) processing a soil core.  
• Jennifer logging a soil core.   
• Brena prepares samples for phospholipids fatty analysis.
• Jennifer and Sarah processing a soil core.   
• Paul preparing carbonate microcosm experiments in an anaerobic glove bag. 
• KU crew taking a break.  
• Kim Reierson collecting a vapor sample from well 9014G.  
• Geoff graphing the recently-collected vapor data. 
• John calibrating a multimeter to be used in field parameter sampling.  
• Landon field parameter sampling well 0508. 
• Landon, John, and Wally preparing for field parameter sampling. 
• Views in December 2004 of damage done by vandals to the mobile home trailer.  The vandals had  pushed a desk through the wall of the mobile home. Here's a view of the damage done by vandals to the inside of the mobile home (December 2004) and the remnants of mobile home on June 1, 2005. Geoff shoveled the last remnants of the mobile home into a garbage can on about July 21, 2005.

  July and August 15-27, 2004 field work:

• Group photos of the research team: week 1, next to ATV; and week 2, in front of drill rig. 
• View of north pool transect looking east from well 9014. 
• View of north pool transect looking west from about well 416. 
• View of north pool transect looking west from about well 311. 
• Tom Reppe constructing a vapor well. Close-up of 9017G vapor port. 
• Drilling prior to installation of the 9015G vapor well.
• Wally Larson blowing in the end of the vapor tubes to make sure we know which tube is which, prior to installation. 
• Wally and Tom installing vapor well 9015G. Here's another view of the 9015G installation process.
• Wally and Geoff Delin cutting the vapor well tubing to the correct height. 
• Wally and Alyssa Boock labeling vapor well 9017G.
• Ginger Amos and Alyssa using a Chemets kit to estimate dissolved Fe(II) concentrations. 
• Ginger field parameter sampling. 
• Alyssa and Geoff collecting field parameters 9017G.
• Wally field parameter sampling from the back of his truck. 
• Meghan Hannon entering field parameter data into a spreadsheet. 
• Meghan bailing oil out of a well in "the pit." 
• Jasmin Caton doing analyses in the MSEA trailer. 
• Jasmin collecting a water sample. 
• Jasmin sampling a suction lysimeter near 9015. 
• Jasmin entering field data into a spreadsheet. 
• Rich Amos and Jasmin measuring oil thicknesses in wells at the north pool.
• Rich doing analyses on water samples in the MSEA trailer.  Here's another view of Rich working with samples in the trailer. 
• Alyssa loading the freeze-shoe core barrel. 
• Luke Stuewe and Wally freezing a soil core at the north pool. 
• Wally and Alyssa removing a core from the core barrel. Here's another view of the operation. 
• Wally and Alyssa coring near well 9015.  Wally pulling drill rod at  well T10. 
• Barbara Bekins analyzing a soil core. 
• Bill Herkelrath and Barbara cutting a soil core for future analysis back in the lab. 
• Bill cutting a soil core with the saw. 
• Bill and Barbara analyzing data in the MSEA trailer.  
• Trevor Woodard from UMass processing a soil core in preparation for shipment back to the lab.
• Trevor's water and soil core samples are packed and ready to go. 
• Geoff analyzing vapor data with the GC. 
• Logging of the area located downgradient of the north oil pool took place in October - December 2004. This is a panoramic picture of the logged area in December; the well 515 well nest is in the right-middle foreground of the panorama looking toward the southwest (i.e. - toward the north oil pool). Here is a picture of Ginger near the 515 well nest taken six months earlier (July 2004) showing the rather dense forest canopy that was removed by the logging. 

  July 21-31, 2003 field work:

• Group photo of the research team in front of the field tent and drill rig. 
• Panoramic view of the north, middle and south oil pools from the pipeline right-of-way near well 812. 
• Coring at the north pool near well 533.
• Barbara Bekins and Ean Warren preparing media in the MSEA trailer.
• Ean inoculating samples in the MSEA trailer.
• Barbara processing a soil core outside the MSEA trailer. 
• Bill Herkelrath digging a pit with a rented backhoe to install soil moisture probes and tensiometers near well 9015 at the north pool. 
• Geoff digging a pit with a rented backhoe prior to installing new unsaturated-zone instrumentation. Another picture of the backhoe in operation. 
• Fred Murphy holding a newly constructed tensiometer prior to installation in the new pit.
• Instruments in the pit. Note the black oil-contaminated sand on the pit walls.
• Bill wiring unsaturated-zone instruments into the datalogger and multiplexers at well 9015.  
• Bill with an oil-saturated soil core collected from near well T1 in the unsaturated-zone tracer test area. 
• Phil Bennett running one of the gas chromatographs in the MSEA trailer.
• Rich Amos running one of the gas chromatographs in the MSEA trailer. 
• Rich shaking water samples prior to analyzing the headspace gases. 
• Randi Williams processing a sample in the MSEA trailer. 
• Uli Meyer and Rich planning activities. 
• Jennifer Rogers and Rachel Mathes sampling at Lake Bemidji. 
• Todd Anderson collecting a soil core from Wally to be shipped back to the lab. 
• Todd and Alyssa preparing a suction lysimeter for installation near well 9014G.
• Jeff Stoner locating field instruments using a differential GPS unit at the north pool tracer test site. 
• Wally Larson and Luke Stuewe preparing to pull a core from near well 530. 
• Alyssa Boock operating the Dig-R-Mobile to install a suction lysimeter near well 9014G.
• Brian Hughes and Danny Bailey collecting a water sample from well 9017. 
• Dan Rosemore preparing the freeze-shoe core barrel for the next site. 
• Danny and Jen collecting a water sample at the north pool.
• Spray zone showing effects of hydrophobic conditions, still evident 24 years after the spill. 
• Unnamed lake ?

  July 22 - August 4, 2002 field work:

• Group photos of the research team: week 1, in front of the tent and mobile home, and week 2 in front of the MSEA trailer.
• Barbara Bekins processing a soil core.
• Rich Amos, Uli Meyer, and Tracy Hendrickson processing a soil core at the north pool.
• Ean Warren sonicating a sample in the MSEA trailer.
• Jennifer Rogers processing a sample in a glove box.
• Phil Bennett injecting a sample into a gas chromatograph.
• Tom Hendrickson and Brian Chaplin collecting a water sample.
• Geoff Delin injecting a sample into a gas chromatograph.
• Luke Stuewe and Wally Larson pulling augers after collecting a core near well 530.
• Tom, Tracy, and Vallerie Hendrickson innoculating samples in the MSEA trailer.
• Installation of new pipeline through the north pool site (looking north). Shelter at well 9621 is in foreground; shelters at 604 and 9018 are in the middle of the image. The pipeline was installed about 5 meters to the left of these shelters. The flagging is marking the location of buried cables.
• Backhoe installing the new pipeline (looking northeast). The shelter for well 9621 is visible in the foreground and the trailers are visible through the trees across the railroad grade in the background.
• Locating buried cables at the north pool.
• Trench and pipeline going through the north pool site.
• Digging at the south pool tracer test site. Looking southeast.
• View of the pipeline route through south pool.
• Water ponded at north pool following an intense rain storm.

July 16-27 and October-November 2001 field work:

• Group photo of the research team.
• Bill Herkelrath inspecting a soil core.
• Barbara Bekins and Victor Paganelli cutting a soil core.
• Geoff Delin pulling a vapor sample for gas chromatograph analysis.
• Ron Baker injecting a sample into the GC in the MSEA trailer.
• Alyssa Boock injecting a vapor sample into the GC for analysis.
• Vic innoculating a sample in the MSEA trailer.
• Jennifer Rogers pulling a newly-designed microcosm out of a well.
• Fred Murphy programming and re-wiring a datalogger at well 9015.
• Installing a small-diameter well at the tracer test site.
• Wally Larson and Dan Rosemore drilling at tracer test well T10.
• Bill and Tracy Hendrickson applying tracers near well 9015 on October 2nd. Rhodamine WT and potassium bromide tracers were used.
• Finished application of tracers. The tracers were applied to a 5x12 meter area.
• Wally filling in the pit near well 9014 using a backhoe after we installed soil moisture and temperature probes on October 29th.

July 30 - August 5, 2000 field work:

• Group photo of the research team.
• Bill Herkelrath studying a vile of crude oil and water.
• Gary Curtis shoveling dry ice into the cryogenic chamber.
• Bill Herkelrath, Brian Chaplin, and Gary Curtis cutting a frozen core.
• Wally Larson and Dan Rosemore removing a core from the core barrel.
• David Lord packing his sectioned core into a cooler.
• Ean Warren, Victor Paganelli, and Barbara Bekins outside the "MSEA" trailler.
• Phil Bennett with his GC equipment in the Haulmark trailler.
• Cores collected at well 9014g.
• Todd Anderson measuring his core.
• Gary Curtis displaying his recently collected core.
• Paul and Babe relaxing with Brian Chaplin, Lan Nguyen, and Victor Paganelli.

July 9-23, 1999 field work:

• Group photo of the research team.
• Jennifer Roberts sampling a well.
• Phil Bennett with his equipment set up on the back of an SUV.
• Lili Nelson and Adelia Barber checking DO and Fe at a well near the tent.
• Wally Larson, Dan Rosemore, and Ean Warren disassembling the coring equipment.
• Bill Herkelrath working on UZ core sections in the "MSEA" trailer.
• Mike Godsy showing the pipe fittings.
• Vince, Tracy, and Mike getting their equipment ready.
• Installation of a microcosm on the transect.
• Adelia Barber shoveling dry ice into the cryogenic chamber.
• Bill and Adelia cutting a core into small sections.

July 20 - August 12, 1998 field work:

• Group photos of the research team: week 1, week 2, and week 3 .
• Jennifer Roberts and Victoria Moses sampling at well 604b.
• Kris Nelson sampling a well along the transect in the woods.
• Brian Gunderson removing an oil-stained core that has been frozen in the cryogenic chamber.
• Fred Murphy installing a tensiometer in a pit near well 9015.
• Roger Lee conducting hydrogen analyses in the trailer.
• Installation of a tensiometer using a hole drilled by the Dig-R-Mobile.
• View of pit used to install tdr probes, shelter at well 9015, well 9813 (white pvc), and trench for wiring.
• Ginger Amos and Linnae Moey sampling a well.
• Bill Herkelrath examining an oil-stained core.
• Drillers Brian Gunderson, Dan Rosemore, and Steve Fideldy removing a core.
• Core analysis by Jeanne Jaeschke, Mary Voitek, Gary Curtis, and Isabelle Cozzarelli.
• Todd Anderson sealing a core section so that oxygen cannot escape.
• View to northeast of wells along the transect.
• An example of the wildlife (a ruffed grouse) near the research site.

August 1-15, 1997 field work:

• Group phot in front of the mobile home and tent, August.
• Installation of TDR probes for Don Rosenberry, January 1997.
• Gary Curtis using a jackhammer to install a well at the south pool, June.
• Drilling a test hole at the south pool using the Dig-R-Mobile, June.
• Installing a multi-level sampling (MLS) well at the south pool, June.
• Gary Curtis drilling a hole with the Dig-R Mobile, August.
• Kevin O'Connor and Chad Pierson installing a moisture point TDR probe near well 981, June.
• Ron Baker analyzing a vapor sample from the unsaturated zone with the gas chromatograph in the Haulmark trailer, August.
• Barbara Bekins extracting an oil sample from a soil core using a syringe, August. 
• Phil Bennett and Jennifer Roberts analyzing and processing samples in the "MSEA" trailer, August.
• Ean and Vic (19 KB) processing samples in the "MSEA" trailer, August.
• Fred Murphy constructing a tensiometer that was installed at the south oil pool, August.
• Isabelle Cozzarelli analyzing samples in the mobile home, August.
• Matt Lahvis (26 KB) collecting a vapor sample from the unsaturated zone, August.
• Bill Herkelrath working with the equipment used for the tracer test at the north oil pool, August.

September 8-20, 1996 field work:

• Group photo of the research team.
• View of the spray zone and the "MSEA" office trailer from near the railroad crossing at the north oil pool.
• Ean Warren and Nate Eklund test drilling with the Dig-R mobile (32 KB) at the south oil pool.
• Ean Warren, Mike Godsy, and Gary Curtis installing a Solinst drive point and sampling tube (38 KB) at the south oil pool.
• Mike Godsy holding a soon-to-be installed multi-level sampling well (26 KB) at the south oil pool.
• Bill Herkelrath making surface tension measurments (23 KB) in the "MSEA" trailer.
• Barbara Bekins and Mike Godsy collecting a concentrated bacteria sample (30 KB).
• Mary Jo Baedecker collecting a filtered water sample (20 KB).
• View of TDR probes installed in a trench (37 KB) at the south pool, September 1996.
• Close-up view of a TDR probe (45 KB) and a thermocouple insatlled in the trench wall.
• Jeff Lucius conducting GPR work at the south pool, October 1996.

July 9-21, 1995 field work:

• Mary Jo and Isabelle working with a soil core to extract oil and water samples.
• Leslie Dillard, Bill Herkelrath, and Mara Ranville getting ready to put up the tent.
• Ean Warren and Mike Godsy inoculating samples.
• Drilling in the spray zone.
• Taking a picture of Mike Dittes with core.
• Group working under the tent.
• Wally and Mike Dittes working with core barrel.
• Bill, Mike Dittes, and Hedeff removing a core from the core barrel.
• Ed Furlong collecting a water sample.
• Bill Herkelrath analyzing a core.

          1993 field work:

• Mary Jo, Isabelle, Ean, and others taking a break in the shade.
• Don Boyce clowning for the camera, with Mike Godsy and George Aiken in the background.
• Don and George collecting a soil core in the woods.
• Ed Furlong struggling with tubing. Here's another picture of the sampling in the trees. 
• Ed collecting a water sample .
• Shannon Smith and George Aiken collecting a soil core.
• Using the glove box in the white van. Another view of the glove box work. 
• Mary Jo doing a field analysis.
• Rain gage. 
• Craning a look to the top of the mast. 

  1991 aerial photos:

• Plan view aerial photo from 1991 - wide angle.
• Plan view aerial photo from 1991 showing topographic contours and well locations at the site.
• Plan view showing features of Bemidji site, oil spill extent, and oil pools superimposed on an aerial photo from 1991.

  1990 field work:

• Group picture in front of Paul Bunyan and Babe, with a sign tribute to Olaf Pfannkuch.
• Fred Murphy with a freshly frozen soil core; notice the "steam" coming off the core.
• Matt Landon and LeFeng Guo bailing oil out of wells using full-body protective gear.
• Matt and LeFeng bailing crude oil from a well.
• A smiling Matt Landon bailing oil using full-body protective gear.
• Core of glacial till freshly removed from a borehole.
• Bill, Fred, and Don collecting a soil core.
• Jessica Hopple.
• Bailing a sample. 
• Drilling near 9014.  Here's another picture of Don Boyce and the coring operation. 
• Marc Hult's GC and computer set up in the Haulmark trailer. Note Art Baehr looking through the window.

   

  1989 field work:

• View of 534 well nest with the spray zone visible beyond the railroad tracks. 
• Hedeff Essaid, Don Boyce, and student measuring oil thicknesses. 
• Marc Hult collecting soil core using a tripod unit. Here's another picture of the tripod coring operation. This is a view of the tripod coring site from a distance. 
• This is the unsaturated-zone injection test site used by Marc Hult and Art Baehr. Here is another view of the above-ground equipment at the UZ test site. Control panel for the UZ test. 
• View of the 301 well nest at the north pool. 
• Views of the north pool transect: from the spray zone; looking west from about well 531 toward the spray zone; looking east from about well 423. 
• View of middle oil pool from the pipelines. 
• View of spray zone from well 422. 
• Looking from the spray zone toward the south pool. 
• View of hydrophobic soils in the spray zone. 
• View of the south pool and wetland from the pipeline road. Oily sand near pipeline road at the south pool. 
• Oil stained gage in the wetland. Floating oil on the wetland. 

• Collecting a soil core on the south side of the tracks. Another view of the drilling operation, taken from the railroad tracks. Yet another view of Don Boyce and crew drilling. Taking field measurements of a soil core. 

  1987 field work:

• Here's a large group collecting samples somewhere along the north pool transect. Here's another picture of that same group sampling. 
• Paul Capel, Tom Dorsey, and Don Siegel collecting a water sample. 
• Mary Jo Baedecker, Isabelle Cozzarelli, and Don Siegel collecting a water sample near well 533 at the north pool.
• Isabelle Cozzarelli. Here's a view of Isabelle through the doorway of a trailer or van. 
• Bob Eganhouse spiking a VOC sample with a surrogate. 
• Tom Dorsey and Bob collecting a VOC sample with a bailer. 
•  along the north pool transect. Here's Tom with a pump. Here Tom is using a bailer connected to a fishing reel. 
• Mary Jo Baedecker. Here's a picture of Mary Jo transferring oil sample from bailer to bottle. 
• Isabelle and Tom Dorsey struggling with equipment. Isabelle and Tom bailing a well. 
• Don Siegel. Here's Don filtering a water sample.  
• Here Don Siegel, Greg Justin, and Don Boyce are sampling in the rain. 
• Isabelle and Don in the woods sampling. 
• View of the north pool (pit) and spray zone. The picture was taken from the railroad grade looking west.  Wells 301, 302, and 306 are in the foreground. 
• Taking a break in the mobile home. 
• View of crew sampling in the spray zone. 
• View of north pool transect looking west from about well 510, showing the mobile home, trucks, and tent. View of the north pool transect looking east from about well 532, with Tom Dorsey waving. 

   

   

  1984 - 1986 field work:

• Phil Bennett undoubtedly had good reason to be excited about this sample. 
• Here's Marc Hult and F.H. Chang collecting a water sample. 
• Mobil home in the spray zone before it was pulled across the tracks into position, 1985.  Note the oil saturated sand in the foreground. 
• Several wells were installed beneath the unnamed lake.  The wells were installed in February 1985 using a tracked drill rig that was contracted. Here's another view of the drill site on the lake. 
• Bob Miller developing a well (or conducting an aquifer test). 
• Marc putting a bailed oil sample in a bottle. 
• Mary Jo, Isabelle, and others, collecting water samples from the 532 well nest.
• Mobile home, vehicles, and tent at the north pool. 
• Marc and Mary Jo putting a bailed water sample in a bottle. 
• Processing a soil core. 
• Don Siegel collecting a water sample. Don, Phil Bennett, and others collecting a water sample. Here's another picture of Don and others sampling. 
• Don, Mary Jo, Marc, and others struggling with sample tubing. 
• Olaf Pfannkuch near the tent. Olaf sampling a well at the north pool. Olaf and Bob pumping a well. 
• Samples of sand were collected in garbage cans for laboratory experiments. 
• View from the south pool toward the north pool along the pipelines. 
• Paul Bunyan (he hasn't changed much over the years).  

  August 1979 photos showing oil contamination at the Bemidji site immediately following the spill:

• Aerial view of pipeline break, north and south oil pools, spray zone, and remediation efforts.
• A labeled aerial view view of the pipeline break, spray zone, drainage path, and remediation efforts.
• Oblique aerial (distant) view of pipeline break, spray zone, and remediation efforts.
• An aerial (close-up) view of the pipeline break, trench, and remediation efforts at the north pool.
• Here is a distant view of the spill site from the air and a little closer in view.
• A trench was dug to remove the crude oil from where it pooled at what we call the "north oil pool." This is a view of exposed pipelines in this trench; the repaired section of pipeline that ruptured is visible in the right-center portion of this picture.  Here is a closer view of the exposed pipelines showing a pipeline employee in the trench. 
• The 34-inch diameter pipeline ruptured along a seam weld and was repaired soon after the spill occurred. This is a schematic diagram of the ruptured pipeline and a view of the repaired section of pipeline. 
• The crude oil sprayed from the rupture site to the west into an area we call the "spray zone." This is a picture of oil-covered vegetation in the spray zone following the spill. Here's another picture of the spray zone. 
• Here a pipeline company employee is pumping the oil from the bottom of a trench at the north pool. Crude oil can been seen seeping in along the side and bottom of a trench in this picture. Oil-saturated sand can clearly be seen in the wall of the trench in this picture. 
• Immediately following the spill, crude oil moved overland from the "spray zone" through low-lying areas and toward a wetland near what we now call the "south oil pool." Some crude oil reached the wetland and the pipeline company removed the floating oil with pumps and other machinery. Here's another picture of removal of oil from the wetland. 
• Excavation of contaminated soil also occurred at the middle oil pool. Here's a view of oil near the middle pool as it crosses the pipeline road. 
• This is a view of crude oil pooled in a shallow trench at an unknown location at the site. In this picture oil is being pumped out of a shallow trench at an unknown location. 
• Much of the crude oil contaminated soil that was removed from the spill site was spread over an adjacent area north of the site where it was burned. 

         Graphics:

• A map showing the areal extent of the oil on the surface in August 1979.
• Panoramic view taken in July 2003 of the north, middle and south oil pools from the pipeline right-of-way near well 812.