ANNEX E.
ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND UNITS
[A][B][C][D][E][F][G][H][I][J][K][L][M]
[N][O][P][Q]][R][S][T][U][V][W][X][Y][Z]
A
ACRIM
Active Cavity Radiometer Irradiance Monitor
ACSYS Arctic Climate System Study (WCRP)
AQRS Air Quality Research Subcommittee of the Committee on
Environment and Natural Resources of the National Science and
Technology Council
AMIP Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project
AMSR Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (NASA)
AOSB Arctic Ocean Sciences Board
APN Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research
ARM Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (DOE)
ASOF Arctic and Subarctic Ocean Fluxes Programme
ATBD Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document
AVHRR Advanced Very High
Resolution Radiometer
B
BAHC Biospheric Aspects of the Hydrological Cycle (IGBP
core project)
BSRN Baseline Surface Radiation Network (WCRP)
C
CACGP Commission on Atmospheric Chemistry and Global
Pollution of the International Association of Meteorology and
Atmospheric Sciences
CAP U.S.-Australia Climate Action Partnership
CART/ARM Cloud and Radiation Testbed (ARM)
CCGG Carbon Cycle Greenhouse Gases group (NOAA
CMDL)
CCRI Climate Change Research Initiative
CCSM Community Climate System Model (NSF /
DOE)
CCSP Climate Change Science Program
CCSPO Climate Change Science Program Office
CCCSTI Committee on Climate Change Science Science and
Technology Integration
CCTP Climate Change Technology Program
CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CDR Climate Data Record
CDST Climate Data Science Team
CEOP Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period
CEOS Committee on Earth Observation Satellites
CEQ Council on Environmental Quality
CERES Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System
experiment (NASA)
CFC chlorofluorocarbon
CGIAR Consultative Group on International Agricultural
Research
CH3SCH3 dimethyl sulfide
CH4 methane
CliC Climate and Cryosphere project (WCRP)
CLIVAR Climate Variability and Predictability (WCRP)
CMDL Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory (NOAA)
CMI Common Modeling Infrastructure
CMIP Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
CO carbon monoxide
CO2 carbon dioxide
COLA Center for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Studies
CONCAUSA Central American-United States of America Joint
Accord
CPT Climate Process & Modeling Team
D
DIF Directory Interchange Format
DIS Data and Information System of the
IHDP
DL Digital Libraries
DMWG Data Management Working Group
DOC U.S. Department of Commerce
DOD U.S. Department of Defense
DOE U.S. Department of Energy
DOI U.S. Department of the Interior
DOS U.S. Department of State
DOT U.S. Department of Transportation
DPC Domestic Policy Council
E
EMF Energy Modeling Forum (Stanford University)
ENSO El Nino-Southern Oscillation
EOS NASA's Earth Observing System
EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
ESA European Space Agency
ESG Earth System Grid (DOE)
ESMF Earth System Modeling Framework
ESS-P Earth System Science Partnership (WCRP,
IGBP, IHDP,
Diversitas)
F
FAO United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization
FCS-1 Fire-Climate-Society model
FEWS NET Famine Early Warning System Network (USAID)
FGDC Federal Geographic Data Committee National Geospatial
Data Clearinghouse
FY Fiscal Year
G
G3OS Combination of three observing systems: Global Climate
Observing System (GCOS), Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS), and
Global Terrestrial Observing System (GTOS)
GACC Geographic Area Coordination Center (National
Interagency Fire Center)
GAW Global Atmosphere Watch Programme (WMO)
GCM general circulation model
GCMD Global Change Master Directory (NASA)
GCP Global Carbon Project (IGBP /
WCRP / IHDP)
GCOS Global Climate Observing System (WMO /
IOC / UNEP /
ICSU)
GCTE Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems (IGBP core
project)
GECAFS Global Environmental Change and Food Systems project
(IGBP / WCRP / IHDP)
GEF Global Environment Facility
GEOHAB Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal
Blooms (IOC / SCOR)
GEWEX Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (WCRP)
GFDL Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (NOAA)
GHG greenhouse gas
GIS geographic information system
GLOBEC Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics (IGBP core project)
GOFC-GOLD Global Observation for Forest and Land Cover
Dynamics (panel of GTOS)
GOIN Global Observation Information Network
GOOS Global Ocean Observing System (IOC /
WMO / UNEP /
ICSU)
GOS Global Observing System of the World Weather Watch (WMO)
GSFC Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA)
GSN GCOS Surface Network
GTOS Global Terrestrial Observing System
GUAN GCOS Upper-Air Network
GWS Global Water System project (IGBP /
WCRP / IHDP)
H
HAB harmful algal bloom
HCDN Hydroclimatic Data Network (USGS)
HFC hydrofluorocarbon
HCFC hydrochlorofluorocarbon
HECRTF High-End Computing Revitalization Task Force
HELP Hydrology for Environment, Life and Policy (UNESCO
/ WMO)
HHS U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
HLC U.S.-Japan High-level Consultations on Climate Change
HPS hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
I
IAI Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research
IASC International Arctic Science Committee
ICSU International Council for Science
IDN International Directory Network (CEOS)
IGBP International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme
IGAC International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGBP core
project)
IGFA International Group of Funding Agencies for Global
Change Research
IGOS Integrated Global Observing Strategy
IGOS-P Integrated Global Observing Strategy Partnership
IHDP International Human Dimensions Programme on Global
Environmental Change
ILTER International Long-Term Ecological Research Network
IOC Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (UNESCO)
IODP Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (NSF /
MEXT)
IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
IRI International Research Institute for Climate Prediction
ITCT Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation
of Anthropogenic Pollution project (IGAC)
ITCZ Intertropical Convergence Zone
IWG Interagency Working Group
IWGCCST Interagency Working Group on Climate Change Science
and Technology Integration
J
K
K-12 Kindergarten through grade 12
JCOMM Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography
and Marine Meteorology
JGOFS Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (IGBP core project)
L
LBA Large-Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia
LOICZ Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone project (IGBP)
LUCC Land-Use and Land-Cover Change project (IHDP /
IGBP)
MEA
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
MEXT Japan's Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport, Science
and Technology
MMV Measurement, Monitoring, and Verification (CCTP)
MODIS Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (NASA)
MOPITT Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere
MSS Multispectral Scanner
MSU Microwave Sounding Unit
N
N nitrogen
N2O nitrous oxide
NACIP National Aerosol -- Climate Interactions Program
(DOE / NASA /
NOAA / NSF)
NACP North American Carbon Program
NAM Northern Hemisphere Annular Mode
NAO North Atlantic Oscillation
NAS National Academy of Sciences
NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NASDA Japan's National Space Development Agency
NCAR National Center for Atmospheric Research
NCEP National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NOAA)
NEC U.S. National Economic Council
NEESPI Northern Eurasia Earth Science Partnership
Initiative
NGO Non-governmental organization
NH3 ammonia
NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NOPP National Oceanographic Partnership Program
NOx nitrogen oxides
NPEO North Pole Environmental Observatory (NSF)
NPP net primary production
NRC National Research Council, operational arm of the NAS
NSC U.S. National Security Council
NSF National Science Foundation
O
O3 ozone
ODP Ocean Drilling Program
OH hydroxyl radical
OMB U.S. Office of Management and Budget
ONR Office of Naval Research
OSMEC Observing System Management Executive Council
OSOEC Observing System Operations Executive Council
OSSEC Observing System Science Executive Council
OSSE Observation System Simulation Experiments
OSTP U.S. Office of Science and Technology Policy
P
PAGES Past Global Changes paleoscience element of the IGBP
PDO Pacific Decadal Oscillation
PDSI Palmer Drought Severity Index
PDV Pacific Decadal Variability
PMIP Paleoclimate Model Intercomparison Project
PNNL Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Q
R
RCM regional climate model
RESACs Regional Earth Science Applications Centers (NASA)
RISAs Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments Program
(NOAA)
SAGE Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment
SAM Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode
SBSTA Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technical Advice (UNFCCC)
SCAR Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (ICSU)
SCOR Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (ICSU)
SGCR Subcommittee on Global Change Research
SO2 sulfur dioxide
SOLAS Surface Ocean -- Lower Atmosphere Study (IGBP /
WCRP / SCOR /
CACGP)
SPARC Stratospheric Processes and their Role in Climate (WCRP)
SSS sea surface salinity
SST sea surface temperature
START Global Change SysTem for Analysis, Research, and
Training (IGBP / WCRP / IHDP)
SWAQ Sub-committee on Water Availability and Quality
T
TAV Tropical Atlantic Variability
TISO Tropical Intra-Seasonal Oscillation
TM Thematic Mapper
TOGA Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere project
TOMS Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer
TRMM Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (NASA /
NASDA)
U
UN United Nations
UNDP UN Development Programme
UNEP UN Environment Programme
UNESCO UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
UNFCCC UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
USAID U.S. Agency for International Development
USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture
USGCRP U.S. Global Change Research Program
USGS U.S. Geological Survey
UV-B Ultraviolet-B radiation
V
VOC Volatile organic carbon
W
VAMOS Variability of the American Monsoon Systems panel of
CLIVAR
WCRP World Climate Research Programme
WDCS World Data Center System
WGCM WCRP /
CLIVAR Working Group on Coupled Modeling
WG/IRC Interagency Working Group on International Research
and Cooperation
WHO World Health Organization
WMO World Meteorological Organization
WOCE World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WCRP)
WRAP Water Resources Applications Project (GEWEX)
WWW
World Weather Watch
X
Y
Z