Appendix H. List of Abbreviations and Acronyms

AAMC	Association of American Medical Colleges	
AAP	American Academy of Pediatrics	
AAPCC	American Association of Poison Control Centers	
ABCs	Active Bacterial Core Surveillance 	
ABLES	Adult Blood Lead Epidemiology and Surveillance	
ACE	angiotensin-converting enzyme 	
ACF	Administration on Children and Families	
ACIP	Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices 	
ACS	American Cancer Society 	
ADA	American Diabetes Association	
ADA	American Dietetic Association	
ADA	Americans with Disabilities Act	
ADE	adverse drug experience	
ADHD	attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder	
ADLs	activities of daily living 	
ADPKD	autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease	
ADR	adverse drug reaction 	
AF	atrial fibrillation	
AFDC	Aid to Families with Dependent Children	
AGI	Alan Guttmacher Institute 	
AHA	American Heart Association 	
AHCPR	(See AHRQ)	
AHEC	Area Health Education Center 	
AHRQ	Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, formerly Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR)	
AHS	American Housing Survey	
AIDS	acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 	
AIRS	Aerometric Information Retrieval System	
ALA	American Lung Association	
ALR	administrative license revocation	
AMA	American Medical Association 	
AMD	age-related macular degeneration	
AMI	acute myocardial infarction 	
AoA	Administration on Aging	
AODM	adult-onset diabetes mellitus 	
aP	acellular pertussis 	
APEX/PH	Assessment Protocol for Excellence in Public Health 	
APHIS	Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service	
APNCU	Adequacy of Prenatal Care Utilization Index	
ARS	Agricultural Research Service	
ASD	adult spectrum of disease 	
ASHP	American Society for Health-Systems Pharmacists 	
ASOII	Annual Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses	
ASPE	Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation 	
ASPH	Association of Schools of Public Health	
ASSIST	American Stop Smoking Intervention Study	
ASTDHPPHE	Association of State and Territorial Directors of Health Promotion and Public Health Education	
ASTHO	Association of State and Territorial  Health Officials	
ATPM	Association of Teachers of Preventive Medicine	
ATSDR	Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 	
AV	arteriovenous	
AWHP	Association for Worksite Health Promotion	
AZT	zidovudine (formerly azidothymidine)	
BAC	blood alcohol concentration	
BEST	Biomonitoring of Environmental Status and Trends	
BHPr	Bureau of Health Professions	
BJS	Bureau of Justice Statistics 	
BLL	blood lead level 	
BLS	Bureau of Labor Statistics	
BMD	bone mineral density 	
BMI	body mass index 	
BOC	U.S. Bureau of the Census	
BPHC	Bureau of Primary Health Care	
BRFS	Behavioral Risk Factor Survey 	
BRFSS	Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System	
BUN	blood urea nitrogen	
CAD	coronary artery disease	
CAHPS	Consumer Assessment of Health Plans Survey 	
CD	conduct disorder	
CDC	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 	
CFOI	Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries	
CFR	Child Fatality Review Process	
CFRT	Child Fatality Review Team	
CFSAN	Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition	
CHIP	Child Health Insurance Program	
CHD	coronary heart disease 	
CMHS	Center for Mental Health Services	
CNS	central nervous system 	
COPD	chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	
CPR	cardiopulmonary resuscitation 	
CPS	clinical preventive services 	
CPSC	Consumer Product Safety Commission 	
CPT	current procedural terminology 	
CRC	colorectal cancer 	
CSAP	Center for Substance Abuse Prevention	
CSAT	Center for Substance Abuse Treatment	
CSFII	Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals 	
CSREES	Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service	
CSTE	Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists	
CVD	cardiovascular disease	
CVM	Center for Veterinary Medicine	
DALYs	disability-adjusted life years	
DANS	Data Analysis System	
DASH	Division of Adolescent and School Health 	
DAWN	Drug Abuse Warning Network	
DM	diabetes mellitus 	
DNA	data not analyzed	
DNC	data not collected	
DOC	U.S. Department of Commerce	
DoD	U.S. Department of Defense	
DOE	U.S. Department of Energy	
DOJ	U.S. Department of Justice 	
DOL	U.S. Department of Labor	
DOQI	dialysis outcomes quality initiative	
DOT	U.S. Department of Transportation 	
DQIP	Diabetes Quality Improvement Project	
DRE	digital rectal examination 	
DSU	data statistically unreliable	
DTaP	diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine	
DTBE	Division of Tuberculosis Elimination 	
DVD	digital video disk	
DWI	driving while intoxicated	
EAP	employee assistance program 	
ECA	Environmental Catchment Area	
ECC	early childhood caries	
ECG	electrocardiogram 	
ECP	emergency contraceptive pills 	
ED	emergency department 	
ED	U.S. Department of Education	
EDF	Environmental Defense Fund	
EIA	Energy Information Administration	
EME	established market economies	
EMS	emergency medical services 	
EMT	emergency medical technician 	
EMTALA	Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act	
EPA	Environmental Protection Agency 	
EPACT	Energy Policy Act of of 1992	
EPC	Evidence-based Practice Center	
EPCRA	Emergency Planning and Community Right-To-Know Act 	
EPO	Epidemiology Program Office	
ER	emergency room	
ERS	Economic Research Service	
ESRD	end-stage renal disease 	
ETS	environmental tobacco smoke	
FARS	Fatality Analysis Reporting System 	
FAS	fetal alcohol syndrome	
FBI	Federal Bureau of Investigation 	
FDA	Food and Drug Administration 	
FEMA	Federal Emergency Management Agency	
FHA	Federal Highway Administration	
FOBT	fecal occult blood test 	
FPL	Federal poverty level 	
FSIS	Food Safety and Inspection Service	
FSS	Food Safety Survey 	
GAO	General Accounting Office	
GBD	global burden of disease	
GBS	group B streptococcal; group B Streptococcus	
GDM	gestational diabetes mellitus 	
GED	General Education Development 	
GES	General Estimates System	
GFR	glomerular filtration rate	
GHG	greenhouse gas 	
GIS	geographic information system 	
GISP	Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project	
GMPs	good manufacturing practices	
GPRA	Government Performance and Results Act	
HAART	highly active antiretroviral therapy	
HACCP	Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point	
HALYs	health-adjusted life years 	
HAV	hepatitis A virus 	
HBIG	hepatitis B immune globulin 	
HBsAg	hepatitis B surface antigen 	
HBV	hepatitis B virus 	
HCBS	Home and Community-Based Services	
HCFA	Health Care Financing Administration 	
HCUP	Health Care Cost and Utilization Project 	
HCV	hepatitis C virus 	
HDL	high-density lipoprotein	
HEDIS	Health Plan Employer Data and Information Set 	
HEI	Healthy Eating Index	
HepB	hepatitis B	
HERS	Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study 	
HHS	U.S. Department of Health and Human Services	
Hib	Hæmophilus influenzæ type B	
Hi-Ethics	Health Internet Ethics	
HIP	health improvement plan 	
HIV	human immunodeficiency virus 	
HMO	health maintenance organization 	
HPSA	health professional shortage area 	
HPV	human papillomavirus	
HRQOL	health-related quality of life 	
HRSA	Health Resources and Services Administration 	
HSV-2	herpes simplex virus type 2	
HUD	U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development 	
IAQ	indoor air quality	
ICA	International Communication Association	
ICAN	Inter-Agency Council on Child Abuse and Neglect	
ICARIS	Injury Control and Risk Survey 	
ICD	International Classification of Diseases 	
ICIDH-2	International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps; International Classification of Functioning and Disability	
ICPD	International Conference on Population and Development	
ICU	intensive care unit 	
IDDM	insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 	
IDUs	injection drug users	
IgA	immunoglobulin A 	
IHS	Indian Health Service 	
IM	infant mortality	
IOM	Institute of Medicine 	
IPV	inactivated poliovirus vaccine 	
IPV	intimate partner violence 	
IRIS	Integrated Risk Information System	
IRMO	Information Resources Management Office	
IT	information technology	
IUD	intrauterine device 	
IUGR	intrauterine growth retardation	
JCAHO	Joint Commission for the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations	
JODM	juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus 	
LBP	low back pain	
LBW	low birth weight	
LDL	low-density lipoprotein 	
LPN	licensed practical nurse	
LTC	long-term care	
MAC	Mycobacterium avium complex 	
MADDSP	Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program	
MCHB	Maternal and Child Health Bureau	
MCL	maximum contaminant level 	
MCO	managed care organization 	
MDS	minimum data set 	
MEPS	Medical Expenditure Panel Survey 	
MMR	measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine 	
MMWR	Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 	
MSA	metropolitan statistical area	
MSM	men who have sex with men	
MUA/P	Medically Underserved Area/Population	
NA	not applicable	
NAAQS	National Ambient Air Quality Standards 	
NACCHO	National Association of County and City Health Officials 	
NACO	National Association of Counties 	
NAEPP	National Asthma Education and Prevention Program	
NAMCS	National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey	
NaSH	National Surveillance System for Hospital Health Care Workers 	
NBDPN	National Birth Defects Prevention Network	
NBS	newborn screening	
NCA	National Communication Association	
NCANDS	National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System	
NCCAN	National Center for Child Abuse and Neglect	
NCCDPHP	National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion 	
NCC MERP	National Coordinating Council for Medication Error 
Reporting and Prevention	
NCEH	National Center for Environmental Health	
NCEP	National Cholesterol Education Program 	
NCES	National Center for Educational Statistics	
NCHSR	National Center for Health Services Research	
NCHS	National Center for Health Statistics 	
NCHSTP	National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention 	
NCI	National Cancer Institute 	
NCID	National Center for Infectious Diseases 	
NCIPC	National Center for Injury Prevention and Control	
NCPA	National Community Pharmacy Association 	
NCPIE	National Council on Patient Information and Education	
NCPS	National Center for Prevention Services	
NCQA	National Committee for Quality Assurance 	
NCRSR	National Congenital Rubella Syndrome Registry	
NCSD	National Coalition of STD Directors	
NCSDR	National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research	
NCUTLO	National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances 	
NCVHS	National Committee on Vital and Health Statistics	
NCVS	National Crime Victimization Survey	
NEISS	National Electronic Injury Surveillance System	
NETSS	National Electronic Telecommunications System for Surveillance 	
NFIRS	National Fire Incidence Reporting System 	
NHAMCS	National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey 	
NHANES	National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 	
NHBPEP	National High Blood Pressure Education Program 	
NHDS	National Hospital Discharge Survey 	
NHII	national health information infrastructure	
NHIS	National Health Interview Survey 	
NHLBI	National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute 	
NHSDA	National Household Survey on Drug Abuse 	
NHTSA	National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 	
NIAAA	National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism	
NICHD	National Institute of Child Health and Human Development	
NIDA	National Institute on Drug Abuse	
NIDCR	National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, formerly National Institute of Dental Research (NIDR) 	
NIDDK	National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases	
NIDDM	non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 	
NIDR	(See NIDCR)	
NIDRR	National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research 	
NIEHS	National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences	
NIH	National Institutes of Health 	
NIHL	noise-induced hearing loss	
NIJ	National Institute of Justice 	
NIMH	National Institute of Mental Health	
NIOSH	National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health	
NIP	National Immunization Program	
NIS	National Immunization Survey 	
NLM	National Library of Medicine 	
NME	new molecular entity 	
NNDSS	National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System 	
NNHS	National Nursing Home Survey 	
NNISS	National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System	
NOES	National Occupational Exposure Survey	
NOPUS	National Occupant Protection Use Survey 	
NORA	National Occupational Research Agenda	
NPCR	National Program of Cancer Registries	
NPL	National Priorities List 	
NPSF	National Patient Safety Foundation 	
NPTS	National Personal Transportation Survey 	
NRDC	Natural Resources Defense Council	
NRT	nicotine replacement therapy	
NSAIDs	nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs 	
NSAM	National Survey of Adolescent Males 	
NSBA	National School Boards Association	
NSEPs	needle and syringe exchange programs	
NSFG	National Survey of Family Growth 	
NSSPM	National Surveillance System for Pneumoconiosis Mortality	
NTDs	neural tube defects	
NTOF	National Traumatic Occupational Fatalities Surveillance System	
NTOMS	National Treatment Outcomes Monitoring System	
NVAP	National Vaccine Advisory Committee 	
NVSS	National Vital Statistics System 	
NWHPS	1999 National Worksite Health Promotion Survey	
OAR	Office of Air and Radiation	
OAS	Office of the Assistant Secretary	
OASD	Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense	
OASH	Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health	
OCAN	Office of Child Abuse and Neglect 	
OCD	occupational contact dermatitis	
ODH	Office on Disability and Health	
ODPHP	Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion 	
OMB	Office of Management and Budget	
ONDCP	Office of National Drug Control Policy	
OPA	Office of Population Affairs	
OPEL	Office of Planning, Evaluation, and Legislation	
OPHS	Office of Public Health and Science	
OPPTS	Office of Pollution, Prevention, and Toxic Substances	
OPV	oral polio vaccine 	
ORA	Office of Research and Analysis	
OSA	obstructive sleep apnea	
OSDs	occupational skin diseases or disorders	
OSERS	Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services	
OSH	Office of the Secretary of Health	
OSHA	Occupational Safety and Health Administration	
OSWER	Office of Solid Waste Enforcement and Remediation	
OTC	over the counter	
PAHO	Pan American Health Organization 	
PATCH	Planned Approach to Community Health	
PATH	Projects for Assistance in Transition from Homelessness	
PCBs	polychlorinated biphenyls	
PCC	Poison Control Center 	
PCP	Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia 	
PCPFS	President’s Council on Physical Fitness and Sports	
PEP	postexposure prophylaxis 	
PHF	Public Health Foundation 	
PHS	Public Health Service	
PID	pelvic inflammatory disease	
PIR	poverty-income ratio	
PKU	phenylketonuria	
POS	point-of-service 	
PPO	preferred provider organization 	
P&S	primary and secondary	
PSA	prostate-specific antigen 	
PWD	people with disabilities 	
PWSS	Potable Water Surveillance System	
QALYs	quality-adjusted life years 	
QuIC	Quality Interagency Coordination	
QOL	quality of life	
RBC	red blood cell	
RCRA	Resource Conservation and Recovery Act 	
RN	registered nurse	
ROPs	rollover protection systems	
RRT	renal replacement therapy	
RTECS®	Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances	
SAMHSA	Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration 	
SAPT	Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment	
SCHIP	State Children’s Health Intervention Program	
SDWA	Safe Drinking Water Act 	
SDWIS	Safe Drinking Water Information System	
SEDs	serious emotional disturbances	
SEER	Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 	
SES	socioeconomic status 	
SHPPS	School Health Policies and Programs Study 	
SIDS	sudden infant death syndrome	
SIPP	Survey of Income and Program Participation 	
SMI	serious mental illness	
SOC	Standard Occupational Classification 	
SPF	sun protective factor	
STD	sexually transmitted disease 	
SUD	substance use disorder	
TB	tuberculosis 	
TESS	Toxic Exposure Surveillance System 	
TRI	Toxics Release Inventory 	
TRUS	transrectal ultrasonography 	
TSDF	treatment, storage, and disposal facilities 	
TST	tuberculin skin testing 	
UA	urban area	
UMTA	Urban Mass Transit Authority	
USDA	U.S. Department of Agriculture 	
USGS	U.S. Geological Survey	
USP	U.S. Pharmacopeia 	
USPSTF	U.S. Preventive Services Task Force 	
USRDS	U.S. Renal Data System 	
UST	underground storage tank 	
UV	ultraviolet light	
VA	U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs 	
VAERS	Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System 	
VAPP	vaccine-associated paralytic polio 	
VLBW	very low birth weight	
VMT	vehicle miles traveled 	
VPDs	vaccine-preventable diseases 	
VSD	Vaccine Safety Datalink 	
WHO	World Health Organization 	
WIC	Women, Infants, and Children	
wP	whole cell pertussis 	
YHL	years of healthy life 	
YPLL	years of potential life lost 	

YRBS	

Youth Risk Behavior Survey	
YRBSS	Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System	
YSAPI	Youth Substance Abuse Prevention Initiative