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Assisted Reproductive Technology
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2005 Fertility Clinic Success Rates and National Summary
This is a consumer report on the pregnancy success rates
of U.S. fertility clinics. Each volume contains three parts:
a national summary that provides an in-depth national
picture of ART; ART success rates for clinics in the United
States; and a glossary. |
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by Section
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2004 Assisted Reproductive Technology
(ART) Success Rates: National Summary and Fertility Clinic Reports
This is a consumer report on the pregnancy success rates of
U.S. fertility clinics. Each volume contains three parts: a
national summary that provides an in-depth national picture
of ART; ART success rates for clinics in the United States;
and a glossary. |
PDFs by Section
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2003 Assisted Reproductive Technology
(ART) Success Rates: National Summary and Fertility Clinic Reports
This is a consumer report on the pregnancy success rates of
U.S. fertility clinics. Each volume contains three parts: a
national summary that provides an in-depth national picture
of ART; ART success rates for clinics in the United States;
and a glossary. |
PDFs by Section
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2002 Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Success Rates:
National Summary and Fertility Clinic Reports Download
previous ART reports:
2000
| 1999 |
1998 |
1997 |
1996 |
1995
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2001 Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Success Rates:
National Summary and Fertility Clinic Reports Download
previous ART reports:
2000
| 1999 |
1998 |
1997 |
1996 |
1995
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International Reports
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Albania: Reproductive Health Survey, 2002, Final Report
The Albania Reproductive Health Survey preliminary report is
the first nationally representative reproductive health
survey in Albania. The survey, conducted between August and
December 2002, composed of face-to-face interviews with
5,697 women aged 15–44 and 1,740 men aged 15–49. The
questionnaire included detailed questions about fertility
and pregnancy experience, maternal and infant health,
contraceptive knowledge and use, sexual experience,
knowledge of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted
infections, intimate partner violence, and various other
topics related to reproductive health. 338 pages. |
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Central America Comparative Study
Reproductive, Maternal and Child Health in Central America:
Trends and Challenges Facing Women and Children.
This comparative report summarizes the major findings from a
series of 15 surveys conducted in Central America in the
period 1987–2003. The full report includes 11 chapters that
cover topics such as fertility, family planning, young adult
sexual behavior, HIV/AIDS, maternal health, nutrition and
child education. Available in English and Spanish. |
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Sections
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Reproductive, Maternal and Child Health in Central
America: Health Equity Trends
Equity in utilization of health care services and
differentials in health outcomes according to wealth
quintiles are key areas of interest to governments and
international donor organizations. Analyzing data from four
Central American countries—El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras,
and Nicaragua—this report provides information on changes
over time in a set of key health indicators categorized by
wealth quintiles. |
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Reproductive, Maternal and Child Health in Eastern Europe
and Eurasia: A Comparative Report
This report summarizes the major findings from 16 surveys in
12 countries during the period, 1993–2001. The full report includes
16 chapters that cover topics such as fertility, contraceptive
knowledge and use, maternal care, health behaviors and attitudes,
knowledge of HIV/AIDS, nutrition status and anemia among women
and children, infant and child mortality, young adult sexual
behavior, and domestic violence. The report is 238 pages, and
is in English. |
PDF 258 KB 
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Ecuador: Encuesta Demografía y de Salud Materna e
Infantil, ENDEMAIN 2004: Informe Final
This is the fifth in a series of surveys dating back to
1987 that provides nationally representative information on
demographic and maternal and child health topics. The
sample, which includes 28,908 households, provides estimates
for 15 provinces and two regions (Amazon and Galapagos
Islands). 740 pages; report in Spanish.
ENDEMAIN 2004 CD-ROM includes Reports, Presentations, Press
Notes, and Data. *Multiple year CD-ROM contains reports from
years 1989, 1994, 1999, and 2004. |
Order CD-ROM 2004 Report
Order CD-ROM with Multiple
Year Final Reports* |
1999 Report
PDF 1.27MB
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El Salvador Encuesta Nacional de Salud Familiar (FESAL)
2002–03 [National Family Health Survey (FESAL) 2002–03]
This is the eighth in a series of Reproductive Health
Surveys in El Salvador. The women’s report includes 10,689
interviews completed with women of reproductive health age
(15–49 years old). The men’s survey, which was conducted for
the first time in El Salvador, included 1,315 interviews
with men between the ages of 15 and 59 years. |
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Georgia Reproductive Health Survey, 2005
The 2005 Reproductive Health Survey (RHS) is the second
population based national survey of this type conducted in
Georgia. A sample of 6,376 women, 15–44 years of age, were
interviewed. The recent survey employed a sampling design
geared toward providing independent regional estimates. The
overall response rate was 99%. The questionnaire covered a
wide range of topics related to reproductive health for all
women regardless of marital status, and included additional
questions on family-life education and sexual behavior for
women aged 15–24 years. The final report is 440 pages.
CD-ROM contains reports from 2005 and 1999. |
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Order CD-ROM 1999 and 2004 reports |
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Guatemala Encuesta Nacional de Salud Materno Infantil
2002: Mujeres; Encuesta Nacional de Salud Materno Infantil
2002: Hombres [National Maternal and Child Health Survey:
Women, 2002; National Maternal and Child Health Survey: Men,
2002]
The 2002 survey in Guatemala resulted in two Spanish
language reports: the women’s report (400 pages) and men’s
report (325 pages). The women’s report documents trends in
fertility, family planning use, young adult reproductive
health and practices, infant health and mortality,
nutrition, sexually transmitted diseases and HIV, domestic
violence and children’s school attendance. The men’s report
compares data between women and men on topics such as family
planning use, young adults, sexually transmitted diseases
and HIV, and domestic violence, as well as describing men’s
sexual behavior, knowledge and use of condoms, and health
risks. |
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Paraguay: Encuesta Nacional de Demografia y Salud Sexual
y Reproductiva, 2004: Final Resumido.
(National Demographic and Reproductive Health Survey, 2004:
Summary Report)
This is the sixth in a series of surveys since the first contraceptive
prevalence survey in 1977 in Paraguay. Topics include fertility,
contraceptive use, maternal and child health, young adults,
current sexual activity, AIDS knowledge, and verbal and physical
use of women. Interviews were completed for 7,321 women 15–44
years of age (97% response rate). Field work was carried out
between March and July 2004. The Summary Report, in Spanish,
is 73 pages and was published in December 2004.
CD-ROM
contains 1987, 1995, 1998, and 2004 final reports. |
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multiple year reports |
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South-to-South Collaboration: Lessons Learned
The results of south-to-south collaboration examine what works
best when incorporating a south-to-south approach into development
projects. South-to-South assistance refers to the exchange of
expertise between individuals and organizations in developing
countries. The results of this study are presented in a full
report and a six-page summary. |
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Family Planning Methods and Practice: Africa
This second edition of Family Planning Methods and Practice:
Africa is a comprehensive reference on reproductive health and
is written for family planning and reproductive health service
providers in Africa. 713 pages; available in English only; January
2000. |
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1992 National Fertility and Family Planning Survey, China
Selected Research Papers in English
In October 1992, the State Family Planning Commission (SFPC)
of China conducted a National Fertility and Family Planning
Survey. The sample size was 380,000 persons, including 73,946
ever married women aged 50 years and younger. The sample units
were selected to be representative of China and all individual
provinces as well. Based on the survey results on fertility,
contraceptive use, and population structure, SFPC has published
three Chinese language books with tables, charts and analytical
papers so foreign readers can know more about changes in China’s
population and demography in recent years and to share this
information with demographers of other countries, the World
Health Organization Collaborating Center in Perinatal Care and
Health Services Research in Maternal and Child Health, CDC and
SFPC, jointly edited this English language monograph to introduce
the main findings of the survey. 164 pages; October 1997 |
PDF 3.6MB
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The U.S. Mexico Border: Contraceptive Use and Maternal Health
Care in Perspective
The U.S. Mexico Border: Contraceptive Use and Maternal Health
Care in Perspective, A Report of Survey Information on Reproductive
Age Women Living in the Border Area of the United States and
Mexico, 1979. This monograph is based on data from the U.S.
and Mexico border surveys. It contains information on fertility,
family planning, maternal health, and other related topics.
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PDF 1.9MB |
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Maternal and Infant Health
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From Data to Action: CDC’s Public Health Surveillance for
Women, Infants and Children
This monograph provides a comprehensive description of CDC’s
many surveillance and data system activities related to the
health of women and children. Each chapter describes surveillance
for a public health topic in terms of seven factors: (1) public
health importance; (2) a brief history of the program;(3) CDC
surveillance systems; (4) general surveillance findings; 5)
methodologic and interpretive issues; (6) examples of uses of
the surveillance data; and (7) future issues regarding the measured
health event or surveillance system. The monograph focuses particularly
on information from the National Survey of Family Growth, the
National Hospital Discharge Survey, and the National Maternal
and Infant Health Survey, with brief references to other national
surveys. 400 pages; December 1994. |
PDF 15.3MB |
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Healthy Newborn Manual
The Healthy Newborn Manual was developed for managers of
programs providing maternal and child health services in developing
nations. Information in the Manual will help managers design,
implement and evaluate interventions to improve the health of
newborns. December 2002. |
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Maternal and Child Health Journal special issue; Safe
Motherhood in the United States, December 2002, Volume 6, (4)
The journal outlines some of the major research, health
care practice, and policy issues pertaining to safe motherhood.
There are articles related to ectopic pregnancy, surveillance,
racial disparities, depression, diabetic pregnant women, and
maternal death. |
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Maternal and Child Health Journal special issue; The
Social Context of Pregnancy for African-American Women, June
2001, 5(2) 67–140
The journal outlines results of qualitative and quantitative
research to identify potential new risk factors for adverse
pregnancy outcomes. Knowledge of the social context of African-American
women's lives, in particular, along with improved understanding
of the etiology of preterm birth can generate new perspectives
for future research and new interventions to reduce racial and
ethnic disparities in preterm delivery. The abstracts from the
articles included in this special issue are posted. |
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Maternal and Child Health Journal: Violence and Reproductive
Health, June 2000 Vol. 4, No. 2, 2000
This special edition of the Maternal and Child Health Journal
grew out of a major conference, the National Conference on Violence
and Reproductive Health: Science, Prevention, and Action. Source:
Maternal and Child Health Journal, Vol. 4, No. 2, June 2000. |
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Economics of Reproductive and Infant Health: An Annotated
Bibliography From 1980 to 1993
This annotated bibliography of relevant literature on economic
issues in reproductive and infant health covers published reports
from 1980 to 1993 and includes 266 abstracted articles and 238
additional references. It addresses a wide range of concerns
in women’s and children’s health and presents studies on cost-benefit,
cost-effectiveness, cost-utility, and other economic analyses.
Along with studies of specific conditions, it includes articles
related to methodology in economic analysis that will aid readers
in becoming more informed users of economic reports. 302 pages;
December 1995. |
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Safe Motherhood: Promoting Health for Women Before, During,
and After Pregnancy 2008, At A Glance
Safe motherhood begins before conception with proper nutrition
and a healthy lifestyle. It continues with appropriate prenatal
care, the prevention of complications when possible, and the
early and effective treatment of any complications that do occur. |
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Structure of Pregnancy-Related Mortality Surveillance in
the United States
Surveillance is an ongoing process of identifying pregnancy-related
deaths, reviewing the factors that led to those deaths, analyzing
and interpreting the information gathered, and acting on the
results so as to reduce such deaths in the future. |
PDF 137KB
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Addressing Violence Against Women, Results from a National
Survey of Title X Family Planning Providers
This document is the final report from a survey conducted
by CDC's Division of Reproductive Health on the extent to which
screening for violence occurs in Title X funded family planning
clinics in the United States. It presents findings from the
Family Planning Clinics and Intimate Partner Violence Study
(FPC/IPV), and provides background information to help clinic
staff interpret the data and determine how IPV can be
addressed in their setting |
PDF 434KB
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Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy. A Guide for Clinicians
Slide Show |
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Online |
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Strategies to Reduce Pregnancy-Related Deaths
This 2001 manual describes strategies for conducting pregnancy-related
or maternal mortality surveillance in the United States. This
surveillance is an on-going process of identifying pregnancy-related
deaths, reviewing the factors that led to those deaths, analyzing
and interpreting the information gathered, and acting on the
results to reduce future deaths. The manual addresses issues
and tasks that are important for health departments, clinicians,
vital statistics personnel, pregnancy-related mortality review
committees, legislators, and community groups, (approx. 214
pages.) |
PDF 2.9MB
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Pregnancy
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Promoting Science Based Approaches to Teen Pregnancy
Prevention Using Getting to Outcomes (PSBA-GTO)
This program has developed a clear process for building the
capacity of our national, regional, and state-level
grantees. Grantees give tailored trainings and technical
assistance to their local partners who deliver science-based
teen pregnancy prevention programs at the community level.
The process is called "Promoting Science Based Approaches to
Teen Pregnancy Prevention Using Getting to Outcomes (PSBA-GTO)",
and is described in this document. It integrates the
guidance and tools for program planning, implementation, and
evaluation and is designed for the field of teen pregnancy
prevention. |
PDF 348KB
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Teen Pregnancy Fact sheet
About one-third of girls in the
United States get pregnant before age 20. In 2006, a total of 435,427
infants were born to mothers aged 15–19 years, a birth rate of 41.9 live
births per 1,000 women in this age group. More than 80% of these
births were unintended, meaning they occurred sooner than desired or were
not wanted at any time. |
PDF 96KB English |
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PDF 113KB
Spanish |
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Risk of Ectopic Pregnancy after Tubal Sterilization
Among 10,685 women studied, the risk of ectopic pregnancy
within 10 years after sterilization was about 7 per 1,000 procedures.
The likelihood of an ectopic pregnancy varied according to the
method of sterilization and the age at which the women underwent
the sterilization procedures. |
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The State Prenatal Smoking Databook, 1999
The databook provides national and state data on smoking
during pregnancy in an easy to use format. It includes state-by-state
statistics on prenatal smoking, smoking attributable infant
deaths, and related health care costs; summarizes information
on state MCH cessation programs; and provides information on
state cigarette taxes, regulatory policies, and tobacco-related
sources of funds for cessation. |
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Guidelines for Maternal Mortality Epidemiologic Surveillance
These guidelines present the objectives of maternal mortality
epidemiologic surveillance, discuss methods to identify and
investigate maternal deaths, describe ways these data can be
analyzed to produce useful information, and suggest actions
to reduce maternal mortality. Based on April 1995 meeting sponsored
by the Pan American Health Organization, the World Health Organization
Collaborating Center in Perinatal Care at the CDC, and Mothercare.
50 pages; February 1998. |
PDF 21KB English
PDF 23KB Spanish
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PRAMS
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2002–1995 PRAMS Surveillance Reports
Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) has
served as a state-specific data source for maternal and child
health (MCH) issues. The dissemination of PRAMS data is an essential
step in translating findings from PRAMS into public health action.
Data are presented by state, by sociodemographic characteristics.
Trend data are also presented by state. Each year is offered
in PDF format in this web page |
2002 Report Online |
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Surveillance Reports
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PRAMS and HIV Counseling Fact Sheet
In 1999, findings from the PRAMS survey in 19 states showed
that the prevalence of HIV counseling during prenatal care
visits ranged from 47% in Utah to 88% in New York state.
This fact sheet highlights the prevalence by state and by
maternal characteristics. |
PDF 1MB
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PRAMS and Physical Violence
Physical violence during pregnancy is associated with short-
and long-term adverse health outcomes for both mother and
infant. Approximately 4%–8% of American women experience
violence during their pregnancy, and homicide is one of the
leading causes of injury-related death in pregnancy. |
PDF 7MB
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PRAMS and Preterm Delivery
Preterm delivery, the birth of an infant prior to 37
completed weeks of gestation, is one of the leading causes
of illness and death among newborns.1 Preterm births have
increased 14% in the United States since 1990, growing from
10.6% of all U.S. |
PDF 29MB
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PRAMS and Postpartum Depression Fact Sheet
Depression among mothers in the months after delivery has
surfaced as an important maternal and child health concern.
Data from three states indicate that nearly 12% of women reported
being moderately depressed after they delivered their baby,
and 6% reported being very depressed after delivery. |
PDF 133KB
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PRAMS and Unintended Pregnancy Fact Sheet
Unintended pregnancy is of national importance because it
may influence a woman’s behavior and experiences during pregnancy
and affect the health of her newborn infant. |
PDF 113KB
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From Data to Action, Using Surveillance To Promote Public
Health: Examples from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring
System (PRAMS)
PRAMS surveillance data can be incorporated into public
health decision making, or translated, in a variety of ways.
In this booklet, examples show how PRAMS data have been used
by states to set priorities, change policies, change programs,
and identify new resources. |
PDF 599KB
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Reproductive Health Tools
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The Reproductive Health Assessment Toolkit for Conflict-Affected Women
This was developed to meet the increased need for accurate reproductive
health data among conflict-affected populations. The toolkit includes program planning,
monitoring and valuation, and advocacy efforts. It enables field-based
staff, with limited survey expertise, to collect information about
safe motherhood, family planning, sexual history, sexually transmitted
infections, HIV/AIDS, gender-based violence, and female genital cutting. It
also has sampling instructions, a training manual, questionnaire, data
entry program, analysis guide with preprogrammed analyses, and data use suggestions. |
PDFs by
Sections
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Epidemiologic Approach to Reproductive Health
An Epidemiologic Approach to Reproductive Health is the core
text for CDC's training
workshops in reproductive health epidemiology. It covers
basic principles of epidemiology as they relate to
reproductive health, including measures of disease
frequency, epidemiologic study designs, sample size and
power, survey sampling, and developing a research proposal.
Available in English and Spanish. |
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English Hardcopy |
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Spanish Hardcopy |
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Module 1: Public Health Surveillance Applied to Reproductive
Health
Public Health Surveillance Applied to Reproductive Health
includes an introduction to public health surveillance and
how it can be applied to reproductive health, uses of
surveillance data, sources of surveillance data, types of
surveillance systems, components of the surveillance
process, how to evaluate surveillance systems, and two case
studies in developing and evaluating reproductive health
surveillance systems. |
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Module 2: Maternal Health Epidemiology
Maternal Health Epidemiology is designed for public health
professionals who want to apply epidemiologic methods to the
area of maternal health. The document covers basic
definitions and measures used in maternal health
epidemiology, methods for determining the magnitude of
maternal mortality, how to apply epidemiologic study designs
to maternal health questions, research and data
implications, and a case study. |
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Module 3: Reproductive Tract Infections
Reproductive Tract Infections is designed for public health
professionals who want to apply epidemiologic methods to the
area of reproductive tract infections (RTIs). The document
includes an overview of RTIs, epidemiologic models of RTI
transmission, indicators used in RTI epidemiology,
surveillance of RTIs, framework for strategic planning for
control and prevention of RTIs, implications of research and
collected data uses, and two case studies. |
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Module 4: Questionnaire Design
Questionnaire Design is designed for reproductive health
professionals who are interested in evaluating or designing
questionnaires for use in epidemiologic studies and
surveillance. The document covers uses of questionnaires in
research, basics of questionnaire design, pre-survey
evaluation of questions and questionnaires, and includes
questionnaire development exercises. |
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Order Spanish publication |
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Patient Flow Analysis (PFA) Software
Patient Flow Analysis (PFA 2.0) is a DOS-based computer
application for documenting personnel use and client flow in
health service clinics. PFA 2.0’s data reports and graphical
display, which simulate the clinic session, assist the user
in identifying problems in the client flow, determining
personnel and space needs, and calculating the personnel
costs associated with client visits. Overall, PFA 2.0 aids
in assessing the influence of clinic systems on service
delivery. |
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View instructions and
download software |
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Pocket Guide to Managing Contraceptive Supplies
The Pocket Guide to Managing Contraceptive Supplies is a
condensed logistics management manual written for the staff
of family planning and health clinics in developing countries
who manage contraceptive and other supplies. The book contains
the formulas, forms, and information needed to manage contraceptive
supplies properly, avoiding both stockouts and oversupplies
at service delivery sites and at storage and warehouse facilities.
It provides guidance on such activities as ordering supplies,
checking the quality of contraceptives, and storing contraceptives
properly. The book is intended to serve as a quick reference;
for a more complete text on supply management, the Family Planning
Logistics Guidelines is also available. 58 pages; October 1998. |
PDFs by Section
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Hardcopy
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Hardcopy
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Hardcopy |
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Leadership in Logistics: A Slide Show for Family Planning
Policy Makers, 1995
This slide show was developed for health and family planning
program managers and policymakers. This 20 minute slide presentation
demonstrates the fundamental importance of an effective contraceptive
logistics system to a well-run family planning program. |
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Download Power
Point presentation 4,498KB |
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