| Core Report Measure | Racial Differencei | Ethnic Differenceii | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black | Asianiii | NHOPIiii | AI/AN | >1 Race | Hispanic | |
| Nosocomial Infections | ||||||
| Medicare beneficiaries with hospital-acquired bloodstream infectioniv | = | |||||
| Medicare beneficiaries with ventilator-associated pneumoniaiv | = | |||||
| Complications of Care | ||||||
| Postoperative hip fractures per 1,000 surgical discharges age 18 and overv | = | = | ||||
| Medicare beneficiaries with postoperative pulmonary embolus or deep vein thrombosisiv | = | |||||
| Iatrogenic pneumothorax per 1,000 relevant dischargesv | = | = | ↑ | |||
| Medicare beneficiaries with central venous catheter-associated mechanical complicationiv | = | |||||
| Obstetric Trauma | ||||||
| Obstetric trauma per 1,000 vaginal deliveries without instrument assistancev | ↑ | = | ↑ | |||
| Medication Safety | ||||||
| Elderly with inappropriate medicationsvi | = | |||||
i Compared with Whites.
ii Compared with non-Hispanic Whites.
iii Findings are presented separately for Asians and NHOPIs whenever possible. However, some data sources collected data for Asians and Pacific Islanders (APIs) as a single population; in these cases, the Asian and NHOPI cells are merged into a single cell representing APIs.
iv Source: Medicare Patient Safety Monitoring System, 2002.
v Source: HCUP State Inpatient Databases disparities analysis file, 2002. This source categorizes race/ethnicity information as a single item: non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, Asian and Pacific Islander. These contrasts compare each group with non-Hispanic Whites.
vi Source: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 2001. This source did not collect information on Asians and NHOPIs separately but in aggregate as Asian and Pacific Islander. This source did not collect information for >1 race.
Key: NHOPI = Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander; AI/AN = American Indian or Alaska Native.
Key to Symbols Used in Quality of Health Care Tables:
= Group and comparison group receive about same quality of health care or have similar outcomes.
↑ Group receives better quality of health care than the comparison group or has better outcomes.
↓ Group receives poorer quality of health care than the comparison group or has worse outcomes.
Blank cell: Reliable estimate for group could not be made.