STRATEGIC GOAL SIX: Protect American Society by Providing for the Safe, Secure, and Humane Confinement of Persons in Federal Custody

DOJ is responsible for confining persons convicted of federal crimes and sentenced to terms of incarceration, and those charged with federal offenses and detained while awaiting trial or sentencing, a hearing on their immigration status, or deportation. Four DOJ components, the Bureau of Prisons (BOP), the United States Marshals Service (USMS), the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), and the Office of the Federal Detention Trustee (OFDT) engage in activities related to this function.

• The Bureau of Prisons (BOP) maintains secure, safe and humane correctional institutions for sentenced offenders placed in its custody. BOP develops and operates correctional programs that seek a balanced application of the concepts of punishment, deterrence, and incapacitation with opportunities to prepare the offender for successful reintegration into society. Through the National Institute of Corrections, BOP provides assistance to international, federal, state, and local correctional agencies. BOP conducts its incarceration function using a range of BOP operated institutions of varying security levels, as well as the use of privately operated facilities, including half-way houses and facilities provided through Intergovernmental Agreements. BOP is also a major provider of detention bed space and operates several metropolitan detention centers. In addition, BOP houses all D.C. adult felons sentenced to a term of confinement.
  
  
• The United States Marshals Service (USMS) safely houses and maintains custody of federal detainees from the time they are initially brought into federal custody, through the trial process, and until the prisoner is acquitted, arrives at a designated BOP facility to serve sentence, or is otherwise ordered released from custody. The USMS does not operate detention facilities, but houses its daily population in state and local jails, private contract facilities, and BOP and INS operated facilities.
  
  
• The Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) detains persons who are charged with violating immigration law, have entered the U.S. illegally, or have been ordered to deport. INS detainees are all held for administrative, not criminal law violations. They are in detention awaiting case processing rather than serving a sentence. Thus, their average length of stay is much shorter in comparison to USMS or BOP detainees, and their turnover rate is much higher. INS houses its detainees in its own detention facilities (Service Processing Centers), contract facilities, state and local jails, and BOP facilities.
  
  
• The Office of the Federal Detention Trustee (OFDT) is responsible for providing guidance to and establishing the detention policy for the Department of Justice. The Federal Detention Trustee has the authority and is responsible for management of DOJ detention resource allocations, financial management of detention operations, coordinating with the components involved in detention on important issues, which include implementation of detention standards, detention planning activities with input from law enforcement components whose initiatives create the federal detention population, and ensuring the implementation of efficiency and effectiveness improvements in DOJ detention operations.

One of DOJ's detention services goals is to provide sufficient bed space for the expected increase in the USMS and INS detention populations. The INS detainee population levels are tied directly to the effectiveness of apprehension efforts and therefore affect the number of alien removals. INS has a severe shortage of bed space and the law enforcement personnel to handle the processing and removal of aliens in immigration proceedings, relative to the total number of potentially removable aliens in the country. Additionally, the INS has an increased emphasis on terrorist investigations, and will continue to focus its law enforcement efforts on identifying and removing criminal aliens and aliens who have been issued final orders of removal, but who have not appeared for their removal. The USMS federal detainee population is also expected to continue to increase as a result of growth in enforcement and prosecutorial personnel over the past several years, placing a much greater demand on the USMS to locate sufficient bed space near federal courthouses. The success of DOJ's investigators and prosecutors at solving crimes, arresting suspects and trying cases places increasing workload demands on both INS and USMS detention activities.

BOP strives to accommodate the increasing population in the most cost effective manner, following a policy of adding capacity through the utilization of contract facilities (where the inmate security level is appropriate), expansion of existing facilities, the acquisition of existing private or other correctional facilities, the acquisition and conversion of military and other properties to prison use, and the construction of new prisons. During FY 2002, over 16 percent of the BOP inmate population was housed in privately managed prisons, contract facilities, and other alternative confinement.

BOP places inmates in facilities that are appropriately secure and offers programs that provide for constructive use of time and afford opportunity for positive changes. An extensive modernization and repair program safeguards prison structures and utilities systems, essential for safe and secure operations. BOP assign a custody status to offenders that relates to the degree of supervision needed and ensures that offenders are placed in the most appropriate and least expensive correctional environment. Supervision of inmates is provided throughout the institutions wherever inmates are located or may have access.

BOP employs a unit management concept at its facilities, focusing on effective communication between staff and inmates. This concept fosters high morale and promotes a positive atmosphere where offenders can observe and model positive behavior. The opportunity for continuous and open communication enables BOP staff to gather important intelligence informally and become aware of potential problems at a very early stage, avoiding more costly intervention later on.

All medically fit inmates work and all have the opportunity to participate in general and occupational educational programs, psychological services, religious and healthful activities. Federal Prison Industries will strive to employ twenty-five percent of inmates in secure facilities. BOP will continue to provide residential drug treatment to 100 percent of eligible inmates.

BOP provides services and programs to address inmate needs, providing productive activities, and facilitating the successful reintegration of inmates into society. Inmate care includes: providing adequate medical care; meeting appropriate dietary requirements; providing a residential drug treatment program; providing general education and skills-based training, ensuring that all medically fit inmates required to work do so; and affording inmates the opportunity to participate in other productive activities such as "special needs" programs, worship services, adult education, and parenting classes.

RESOURCE COMPARISON: Strategic Goal to Total DOJ $ and FTE

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Required Skills: USMS Deputy U.S. Marshals must know regulations regarding restraining, feeding, clothing and housing federal prisoners, and must ensure that prisoner rights are not violated while in USMS custody. In addition, they must be able to coordinate with personnel from other law enforcement agencies at the federal, state, and local levels.

INS Deportation Officers and Detention Enforcement Officers must have expert knowledge of applicable Immigration and Nationality law, other Federal statutes, regulations, Executive Orders, Policies and procedures; including rules of search and seizure, arrest authorities, and Federal Rules of Evidence, INS Detention Standards and ACA accreditation standards for detention facilities. They must also be proficient in various law enforcement skills including proficiency with firearms and non-deadly force methods. Personnel must maintain a high degree of interpersonal skills and problem solving and investigative ability as well as ethical and moral standards consistent with the organization's set of core values. They must possess strong computer skills with a variety of office productivity systems and software, as well as with specialized law enforcement and national security, databases.

The BOP requires skilled, well trained, and educated staff from correctional officers to the warden. Staff must have broad knowledge of institution operations and management, and be skilled in applying, adapting, and imparting their knowledge in carefully controlled, closely directed settings. BOP also requires trained educators, program specialists, medical personnel, and industrial experts with appropriate experience and education. BOP employs engineers/architects to ensure design compliance, and construction project managers with a wide variety of construction skills to oversee projects and supervise large inmate work crews. Contract specialists must be skilled in negotiating large construction contracts and work with innovative program specialists to secure community-based and other alternatives to traditional incarceration for nonviolent offenders.

Information Technology Utilized: The USMS is in the process of developing one centralized application, the Justice Detainee Information System (JDIS), from its five offender-based applications. The following systems are in place to accomplish this goal: the Warrant Information Network, the Prisoner Tracking System, the Automated Prisoner Scheduling System, the Automated Booking Station, and the Prisoner Medical Tracking system. JDIS will allow the USMS to manage prisoners and track them through the entire judicial process. INS systems utilized to collect detention data are the Deportable Alien Control (DACS) and Criminal Alien Information System (CAIS). Ultimately, the data will be captured in ENFORCE (the INS' enforcement case management database currently being deployed). Inmate data are collected on the BOP on-line system (SENTRY); personnel data is collected on the Human Resource Management Information System (HRMIS); and financial data on the Financial Management Information System (FMIS).

The BOP collects Inmate data in the BOP real-time/on-line system (SENTRY) to accurately track inmates and their medical, education, work, and other programming needs. Staff personnel data are collected in the National Finance Center System (NFC) database, and financial data are captured in the DOJ Financial Management Information System (FMIS). Data from several systems are used to produce the key indicator system data. The BOP uses the Key Indicators/Strategic Support System (KI/SSS) as a management tool to monitor and improve performance and make decisions for the agency. Further, the BOP utilizes a population forecast model in order to plan for future capacity needs. In maintaining its facilities, BOP utilizes the Physical Plant Review Program to incorporate physical plant and infrastructure issues, repairs, and major equipment replacements. Additionally, BOP utilizes a computerized maintenance management system to track preventive maintenance, equipment history, recommended replacement schedules, and costs related to institution maintenance.

PROGRAM EVALUATIONS

In FY 2002, the USMS completed its pilot project of repricing medical claims in 6 districts to obtain Medicare rates or lower. Through an interagency agreement with the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), the USMS used a VA contractor to reprice medical claims and collect vital program cost and savings data. By February 2002, the remaining 88 USMS districts were trained and the Medicare repricing program was implemented on a national scale. Between March 2002 and June 2002, the average cost savings per month was $2.1 million. Total saved as for FY 2002 was approximately $17 million.

Background/ Program Objectives:
Historically, the USMS has administered the Federal Prisoner Detention (FPD) program for the federal government using funding appropriated specifically for the care of prisoners in federal custody. In FY 2003, the Office of Federal Detention Trustee will assume the oversight of FPD program. The FPD appropriation has provided financial support for the housing, subsistence, medical care, and medical guard service for federal detainees remanded to USMS custody. The responsibility begins when a prisoner is brought into USMS custody. It continues through the trial process, and ends when a prisoner is acquitted or arrives at a designated BOP facility to serve a sentence. The USMS pre-trial population is generated by public policy and multi-component investigative and prosecutorial efforts within the DOJ or other federal law enforcement agencies. Since the USMS, like BOP, is at the receiving end of the federal law enforcement initiatives and efforts, the USMS has no control over the number of detainees remanded to its custody and has no option other than to house and care for the detainees.

Under the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 and other immigration laws, INS is authorized, and sometimes required, to detain illegal aliens to help facilitate their removal from the United States. INS administers a national detention program that uses funding appropriated specifically for the care of aliens arrested. INS provides or obtains the transportation, housing, subsistence, medical care, and guard service for detainees held in INS custody. The responsibility begins when a detainee is brought into INS custody and continues until the alien can be released into the community or removed from the United States. The detainee population is generated by multi-component investigative and prosecutorial efforts within the INS. The detainee population consists of criminals, non-criminals, unaccompanied juveniles, and families, virtually all of whom are in administrative detention as opposed to criminal incarceration. These categories normally require different levels of custodial care. INS endeavors to place detainees into detention facilities that are appropriate for their custody category.

Everyday, the INS and USMS must provide adequate cost-effective and appropriate transportation and bed space for each of the different categories of individuals placed into custody. Factors affecting where an individual is confined include: 1) the proximity of the facility to the federal courthouse; 2) the cost per bed; 3) health issues; 4) the amenability of a facility to detain aliens; 5) the security of the facility; and 6) if detention standards of confinement are being met. INS routinely utilizes its own facilities, contract facilities, state and local government facilities, and contract juvenile facilities to house detainees. Detention bed space for INS and USMS detainees are routinely acquired through a combination of: 1) Intergovernmental Agreements (IGAs), where a daily rate is paid; 2) Cooperative Agreement Programs (CAP) with state and local governments, where capital investment funding is provided in exchange for a guarantee of a certain number of bed spaces, for which a daily rate is paid when these bed spaces are used; 3) private contract facilities; and 4) INS or federal detention facilities, where the government must pay for construction and operation of the facility.

Strategies to Achieve the FY2003/FY 2004 Goal:
In FY 2003 and FY 2004, DOJ will continue to work with state governments, local governments, and private service providers to maintain adequate detention capacity to house detained individuals charged with federal offenses, or awaiting trial or sentencing, a hearing on their immigration status, or deportation. Currently, approximately 2,000 non-federal facilities are utilized by DOJ to house approximately 70% of the average daily population (46,000 federal detainees). Also, approximately 30% of the average daily population (17,000 detainees) are housed in federally owned and operated facilities.

Based on anticipated growth rates in the federal detainee population, in FY 2003/ FY 2004 the number of detainees in state, local, and private prisons is expected to represent approximately 75% (49,000 detainees). No increase in federally owned and operated facilities is expected. These working relationships with state, local, and private prison providers are paramount to carrying out the function of detention and also save on costly capital development of federal facilities.

In view of this anticipated growth and current availability of state, local and private prison bed space, DOJ has formed a special working group to evaluate opportunities. This working group consists of representatives from the Office of the Federal Detention Trustee (OFDT), the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), the United States Marshals Service (USMS), and the Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP). The group's principal objective is to ensure that excess state and local prison facilities are fairly and thoroughly evaluated and consistent standards are employed in these evaluations. The working group considers the location of the facility, size and security level (including flexibility in security level), assesses short-term and long-term bed space requirements, and the amount and status of bed space already available in the vicinity of the facility being reviewed.

OFDT will establish a national repository for state, local governments and private detention service providers to electronically post vacancies, rates, services, administrative costs, and availability, mode of transport and medical facilities and services. Detention space and service providers will supply their daily rates, costs, and any applicable service fees, as well as the basis for the calculation of the rates. Those posting vacancies will also be required to list and provide a means for verification of their credentials and accreditations. The goal in creating this nationwide electronic detention space repository is to enable Federal users to find more cost-efficient space where they need it and to provide a means for controlling transportation costs.

In FY 2003, OFDT began to assume responsibility for various detention service functions of INS and USMS. Because INS will transfer to Department of Homeland Security during FY 2003, the Administration is currently assessing the best mechanism for managing the INS detention function in the future. The role of OFDT may change accordingly.

OFDT will continue the long-established partnership with the federal judiciary to ensure the adequate funds are available for the courts to place defendants -who the courts would otherwise detain, into non-secure detention settings (e.g., halfway house and home confinement), with an electronic monitoring component.

In FY 2003, OFDT will complete two regional detention pilot projects one in the Midwest and one along the Southwest border, for process improvements in the areas of consolidation and oversight of federal detention. In each location, OFDT collaborated with multiple law enforcement agencies such as the USMS, U.S. Attorney's Office, U.S. Courts, Executive Office for Immigration Review, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms, Drug Enforcement Administration, and the Secret Service to: (1) establish a baseline by assessing the current state of detention operations; (2) address future detention needs; (3) identify operational areas where OFDT can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of detention; and, (4) develop an action plan to implement recommendations and performance measures. At the conclusion of the pilot projects, individual initiatives will be evaluated and successful elements will be implemented by OFDT in other areas of the country.

Crosscutting Activities:
DOJ works cooperatively with the private sector and state and local governments to establish and maintain adequate capacity to detain persons in federal custody in cost-effective, safe, secure, and humane facilities that meet all appropriate standards.

Additionally, the Office of the Detention Trustee will work with the federal judiciary on joint research efforts, pilot projects and in offering workshops for federal judges on pretrial release and detention issues.

Background/Program Objectives:
INS seeks the safe, secure, and humane treatment of detainees. INS has the highest regard for human rights and public safety; therefore, it strives to maintain facilities that meet the accreditation standards of INS and correctional professions. Professional accreditation and compliance with INS detention standards alone do not provide an indication of the safe and humane treatment of detainees. Additional indicators are needed to track progress toward this objective. INS will be reviewing its detention program to correct facility deficiencies and implement the changes necessary to achieve safe and humane detention facilities and detention methods for all detainees.

INS developed and began to implement new service-wide Detention Standards in FY 2001. Initial assessments of INS owned and contracted facilities were completed in FY 2001 and will now be performed annually. The results of these internal assessments will become the basis for specific facilities' improvements and for service-wide program changes where indicated. Additionally, INS has committed to obtain American Corrections Association (ACA) accreditation for all of its owned and contracted facilities as expeditiously as practicable.

Crosscutting Activities:
DOJ works cooperatively with the private sector and state and local governments to establish and maintain adequate capacity to detain persons in federal custody in cost effective, safe, secure, and humane facilities.

Background/ Program Objectives:
BOP facilities are crowded at 33% above rated capacity system-wide. While state and local incarceration growth rates have declined in recent years, BOP has experienced record growth: an increase of 10,027 inmates during FY 1998; over 11,373 in FY 1999; 11,436 in FY 2000; 11,447 in FY 2001; and 6,864 in FY 2002. However, recent data from the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts have indicated that while the Federal inmate population will continue to increase, the rate of growth will become somewhat slower. BOP should now experience growth in the next few years of approximately 7,000 to 8,000 inmates per year rather than the average of 11,000 that occurred from 1998-2001.

BOP constantly monitors facility capacity, population growth, and prisoner crowding. As federal inmate population levels are projected to increase and continue to exceed the rated capacity of BOP, every possible action is being taken to protect the community, while keeping institutional crowding at manageable proportions to ensure that federal inmates continue to serve their sentences in a safe and humane environment.

Strategies to Achieve the FY2003/FY 2004 Goal:
BOP continues to activate new facilities and expand existing facilities to add prison beds. In addition, BOP will continue to explore cooperative agreements and other forms of alternative confinement where appropriate.

Crosscutting Activities:
DOJ works cooperatively with the private sector and state and local governments to establish and maintain adequate capacity to detain persons in federal custody in cost-effective, safe, secure and humane facilities.

Background/ Program Objectives:
The goal of the BOP Facilities Management Program is to ensure existing facilities are maintained in compliance with security, safety, applicable regulations, building codes, and industry standards. Established in 1994, facility training has been offered to both line staff and managers to develop staff skill levels for present and future facilities operations. The training program has assisted institutions in lowering operating costs by training staff to perform required testing and maintenance procedures in-house and require less contracting with outside resources.

BOP is currently participating in a joint interagency agreement with the General Services Administration National Utilities Management Program (NUMP). The agreement provides authority to NUMP for negotiation and transportation of natural gas for use by BOP at various institutions. Institutions under the NUMP program will continue to receive the best possible price for gas regardless of fluctuations in the gas market.

Strategies to Achieve the FY2003/FY 2004 Goal:
The BOP continues to explore new technology in fields such as health care, distance learning, and security, which have the potential to contain correctional expenses. More BOP facilities are being constructed at existing BOP locations to take advantage of the efficiencies afforded by shared services at prison complexes. The use of telehealth within the BOP at the medical referral centers for telepsychiatry and medical consultations has helped avoid additional costs of moving inmates in and out of the institutions for medical care as well as aided in avoiding costs to have additional medical staff on-site. The BOP has also begun implementation of the Primary Care Provider Team concept where inmates are assigned to a specific team of health care providers. The concept is expected to improve the continuity of care for the inmate population, as well as decrease health care costs within the BOP.

Crosscutting Activities:
BOP must work cooperatively with DOJ agencies, U.S. Courts, U.S. Military, other state and local law enforcement, and numerous private, and not for profit organizations to successfully carry out its mission.

Background/ Program Objectives:
One of DOJ's most serious objectives is the safe, secure, and humane treatment of detainees and inmates. The Department has the highest regard for human rights and public safety. Therefore, it strives to maintain facilities that meet the accreditation standards of several professional organizations.

BOP significantly reduces the possibility of escape with long-term emphasis on security enhancements, physical plant improvements, enhanced training, and increased emphasis on staff supervision of inmates.

Inmate idleness is the number one cause of inmate unrest and violence in prison. Federal Prison Industries (FPI) is the most important correctional management inmate program in the Bureau of Prisons. FPI employs and provides skills training and ensures the safe and secure operation of the institutions. Not only does FPI play a vital role in the management of inmates, but it also improves the likelihood that inmates will remain crime-free upon their release from BOP facilities. A comprehensive study conducted by BOP demonstrated that FPI provides inmates with an opportunity to develop work ethics and skills, contributes substantially to lower recidivism, and increases job-related success of inmates upon their release.

Strategies to Achieve the FY2003/FY 2004 Goal:
The BOP ensures institution security through a combination of features, security technology, and careful classification of inmates. Inmates are assigned a custody level, which relates to the degree of supervision needed and ensures that offenders are placed in the least restrictive and least expensive environment appropriate to their custody and security needs. Self-improvement programs designed to change thinking and behaviors have proven to be effective in combating behaviors that threaten the security of staff and inmates. For example, the Challenge, Opportunity, Development, and Ethics treatment program for high security level inmates targets the reduction of antisocial attitudes and behaviors, and emphasizes the values of respect for self and others, responsibility for personal actions, honesty in relationships, and tolerance, and has significantly reduced misconduct among program participants.

Crosscutting Activities:
Accreditation by the American Correctional Association (ACA) provides BOP with an external assessment of its ability to meet the basics of corrections. In addition, BOP's National Institute of Corrections works with state, local, and international corrections officials to improve management and conditions in prisons.

Background/ Program Objectives:
BOP plays a vital role in federal law enforcement, not only by incarcerating offenders, but also in helping to break the cycle of crime. First and foremost, BOP protects public safety by ensuring that federal offenders serve their sentences. Through imprisonment, BOP helps deter criminal activity by showing actual and potential offenders the consequences of crime. To help break the cycle of crime, BOP provides a range of educational and vocational training programs and counseling to assist inmates in successful transition to the community upon release.

BOP provides work and education programs and other self-improvement opportunities to assist offenders in becoming law-abiding citizens. The BOP Post-Release Employment Study demonstrated that these programs could lead to lower recidivism and improve institutional security by reducing inmate idleness.

Strategies to Achieve the FY2003/FY 2004 Goal:
BOP will continue to provide services and programs to address inmate needs that contribute to successful reintegration into society.

Crosscutting Activities:
BOP actively recruits volunteers to assist with religious and other services, organizes community service projects, and holds mock job fairs through partnerships with community groups, public service organizations, and other agencies in order to raise community awareness, foster community relationships, and prepare inmates for reintegration into the community and family units.

Background/ Program Objectives:
The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act (VCCLEA) of 1994 requires BOP to provide appropriate substance abuse treatment for 100 % of "eligible" inmates by the end of FY 1997 and each year thereafter. To be eligible for treatment the prisoner must be: sentenced to BOP custody; determined by BOP to have a substance abuse disorder; residing in a BOP institution; and be within 24 to 36 months of release. An estimated 34% of the sentenced federal inmate population has a substance abuse disorder and requires some type of drug abuse treatment.

In response to the rapid growth in the federal inmate population with drug abuse histories, BOP developed a comprehensive drug abuse treatment strategy consisting of four components: drug abuse education; non-residential drug abuse treatment programs; residential drug abuse treatment programs; and transitional drug abuse treatment services.

Strategies to Achieve the FY2003/FY 2004 Goal:
BOP will continue to provide services and programs that address inmate needs and contribute to successful reintegration into society. The percentage of inmates with a substance use disorder has risen from 30.5% to 34% over the last decade. Since 1997, BOP has been providing treatment to 100% of all inmates needing and wanting treatment. Based on the anticipated growth in the inmate population, BOP is planning to establish five additional residential treatment programs in FY 2003.

Crosscutting Activities:
Inmates who have completed the residential drug abuse treatment program and are eligible for transfer to a Community Corrections Center continue to receive drug abuse treatment through a community-based treatment provider with whom the BOP contracts. Typically, U.S. Probation is involved in this process, ensuring there is a continuity of information and treatment when the inmate is released from BOP custody and moves to the supervision of U.S. Probation.

Background/ Program Objectives:
In support of the DOJ's objective to provide cost effective quality health care to inmates, the BOP strives to meet the accreditation standards of the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations (JCAHO), at all correctional facilities. Meeting these standards provides a method of assessing the quality of health care provided at BOP facilities. BOP's goal is to have institutions accredited within two years of activation. By meeting JCAHO accreditation standards, each BOP institution must exhibit substantial compliance with approximately 200 health care standards during a triennial JCAHO accreditation survey. DOJ has the highest regard for Constitutional and human rights; therefore, it strives to maintain correctional facilities that ensure inmates receive humane health care treatment that is not indifferent to their health care needs.

JCAHO standards not only address patient's rights, but also provide BOP the opportunity to assess and improve the overall efficiency of health care programs. The foundation of JCAHO standards is the continuous quality improvement of health care processes and patient outcomes. By improving its health care efficiency, the BOP seeks to improve quality and control costs.

Strategies to Achieve the FY2003/FY 2004 Goal:
The BOP will seek initial JCAHO accreditation at five facilities that meet eligibility requirements in FY 2003. Assuming accreditation of BOP health care operations continues with the award of a new contract (the current contract expires in FY 2003), the BOP will seek initial JCAHO accreditation at two additional BOP facilities in FY 2004.

Crosscutting Activities:
In order to deliver adequate healthcare to inmates, BOP utilizes Public Health Service employees along with contract healthcare workers in BOP facilities, and contracts with physicians and hospitals in local communities to provide care not readily available inside BOP institutions. In addition, BOP has worked cooperatively with the Department of Veterans Affairs and the National Institute of Justice to implement telehealth technology at many BOP locations.

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