OBJECTIVES: I. Compare, in a randomized setting, the time to treatment failure and the survival of patients with poor-prognosis intermediate-grade or immunoblastic lymphoma treated with the standard regimen of CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) vs. the new alternating triple therapy (ATT) of IdSHAP (idarubicin, cisplatin, cytarabine, methylprednisolone), BIdCOS (idarubicin, vincristine, bleomycin, cyclophosphamide, methylprednisolone), and MINE (mesna, ifosfamide, mitoxantrone, etoposide). II. Compare the complete response rate achieved with ATT vs. standard CHOP. III. Assess the feasibility of delivering full standard doses of chemotherapy to patients over 60 years of age who receive granulocyte colony stimulating factor support. IV. Compare the predictive capability of the M.D. Anderson Tumor Score System vs. the International Index System.

OUTLINE: Randomized study. The following acronyms are used: ARA-C Cytarabine, NSC-63878 BLEO Bleomycin, NSC-125066 CDDP Cisplatin, NSC-119875 CTX Cyclophosphamide, NSC-26271 DHAD Mitoxantrone, NSC-301739 DOX Doxorubicin, NSC-123127 G-CSF Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (source unspecified) IDA Idarubicin, NSC-256439 IFF Ifosfamide, NSC-109724 MePRDL Methylprednisolone succinate Mesna Mercaptoethane sulfonate, NSC-113891 PRED Prednisone, NSC-10023 VCR Vincristine, NSC-67574 VP-16 Etoposide, NSC-141540 Arm I: Sequential 4-, 5-, and 3-Drug Combination Chemotherapy. IdSHAP: IDA/CDDP/ARA-C/MePRDL; followed by BIdCOS: BLEO/IDA/CTX/VCR/MePRDL; followed by MINE: Mesna/IFF/DHAD/VP-16. Arm II: 4-Drug Combination Chemotherapy. CHOP: CTX/DOX/VCR/PRED.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: 218 evaluable patients will be accrued over approximately 31 months to this multicenter study. If either arm is significantly inferior at interim analyses after 31 and 60 treatment failures, consideration will be given to early closure.

DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: Previously untreated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of one of the following histologies: Diffuse large cell Follicular large non-cleaved cell Diffuse mixed cell Immunoblastic At least 2 of the following poor-prognosis factors required: Age over 60 Performance status greater than 1 Any elevation of LDH More than 1 extranodal site Ann Arbor stage III or IV T- and B-cell NHL eligible if meeting all above criteria No primary CNS lymphoma Brain involvement eligible if not primary

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS: Age: Over 15 Performance status: Any status Hematopoietic: (unless secondary to tumor) Absolute granulocyte count at least 1,000/mm3 Platelet count at least 100,000/mm3 Hepatic: Bilirubin less than 1.5 mg/dL Elevation secondary to tumor discussed with study chairman Renal: (unless secondary to tumor) Creatinine no greater than 1.5 mg/dL Cardiovascular: Left ventricular ejection fraction greater than 55% by echocardiography Pulmonary: No chronic obstructive or restrictive lung disease Pulmonary consultation required in cases of doubt Other: No HIV infection No prior malignancy with less than a 90% 5-year survival probability No patients unable or unlikely to adhere to treatment because of geographic, economic, emotional, or social factors No unwillingness to accept blood product transfusions or other supportive measures (e.g., antibiotics)

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY: No prior therapy