| GFe | symptom d-out qh |
| SN | In medicine as well as counseling and psychotherapy, a physical or psychological manifestation of the patient or client; a behavioral aberration associated with a problem or a syndrome. | |
| ST | general manifestation of disorders | |
| symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions | ||
| NT | EA18.4.2.2e general adaptation syndrome qh ah | |
| +GQ2 digestive system symptom qh ah | ||
| +GX4.2.2e headache qh ah | ||
| +GZ2 mental symptom qh ah | ||
| RT | FR14.2 decreased or increased activity qh ah | |
| +HD2 physical examination qh ah |
| GF2 | physical symptom qh |
| ST | somatic manifestation | |
| RT | +EA22.4.2e fatigue qh ah | |
| GH8.6.2e hyperthermia qh ah | ||
| GH8.6.4e hypothermia qh ah |
| GF2.2e | . physical appearance qh |
| GF2.2.2 | . . unkempt physical appearance qh |
| ST | personal uncleanliness | |
| untidy appearance |
| GF2.2.4 | . . facial expression qh |
| RT | NA12.6 nonverbal communication qh ah |
| GF2.2.6e | . . alcoholic facies qh |
| GF2.4e | . body weight anomaly qh |
| RT | +GH14e nutritional disorder qh ah |
| GF2.4.2e | . . obesity qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 1995. | |
| ST | overweight | |
| RT | +EA10.8e body weight qh ah | |
| +GZ2.22.6 eating problem qh ah |
| GF2.6 | . cutaneous symptom qh |
| NT | GR18.2e jaundice qh ah | |
| RT | +XH2e skin qh ah |
| GF2.6.2 | . . rash qh |
| ST | exanthema |
| GF2.6.4 | . . cyanosis qh |
| GF2.6.6 | . . pallor qh |
| GF2.6.8 | . . flushing qh |
| ST | cutaneous vascular engorgement | |
| flushing reaction | ||
| skin reddening | ||
| NT | GR2.2e alcohol flush reaction qh ah |
| GF2.6.10 | . . ecchymoses qh |
| ST | petechia |
| GF2.6.12 | . . abnormal bruising qh |
| SN | *GF2.6.12 abnormal bruising* qh ah refers to the abnormal tendency to bruise easily. Do not confuse with *GH6.2.6.2 bruise* qh ah, a type of traumatic injury. | |
| ST | hemorrhagic diathesis | |
| RT | +GQ10e liver disorder qh ah | |
| YB18e vitamin K qh ah |
| GF2.8 | . pigmentation qh |
| RT | GM6 skin pigmentation disorder qh ah |
| GF2.10 | . motor symptom qh |
| GF2.12e | . hypoxia qh |
| SN | Inadequate oxygen concentration in body tissues. | |
| ST | cell hypoxia | |
| NT | +GN6.10e vascular ischemia qh ah | |
| +GN6.10.2e myocardial ischemia qh ah | ||
| +GX4.12.2.2 cerebral ischemia or hypoxia qh ah |
| GF2.14 | . hypoxemia qh |
| SN | Reduced oxygen concentration in arterial blood. | |
| RT | +GT2.6e anemia qh ah |
| GF2.16 | . fever qh |
| ST | hyperpyrexia | |
| pyrexia | ||
| RT | +EA8.16e thermoregulation qh ah | |
| EA12e body temperature qh ah |
| GF2.18 | . chill qh |
| RT | +EA8.16e thermoregulation qh ah | |
| EA12e body temperature qh ah |
| GF2.20 | . profuse sweating qh |
| ST | hyperhidrosis | |
| BT | +EK2e sweating qh ah |
| GF2.22 | . psychogenic pain qh |
| ST | tension headache | |
| BT | +GZ20e psychophysiological dysfunction qh ah |
| GF2.24e | . sensory disturbance qh |
| RT | +EV2e sensation qh ah | |
| +GWe sensory system disorder qh ah | ||
| +XVe sensory system qh ah |
| GF2.24.2 | . . dysesthesia qh |
| ST | paresthesia | |
| RT | GW4.2.2e peripheral sensory disorder qh ah | |
| GW4.2.4e central sensory disorder qh ah |
| GF2.24.2.2 | . . . hyperesthesia qh |
| ST | tingling |
| GF2.24.2.4 | . . . hypoesthesia qh |
| ST | numbness |
| GF2.24.2.6 | . . . analgesia disorder qh |
| RT | XV14.4.2.6 pain receptor qh ah |
| GF2.24.4e | . . vision disturbance qh |
| RT | +EV4.4e vision qh ah | |
| +GW8e visual system disorder qh ah | ||
| +GW8.4e vision disorder qh ah |
| GF2.24.6 | . . auditory disturbance qh |
| ST | auditory effects | |
| RT | EV6 auditory sense qh ah | |
| +GW10e auditory system disorder qh ah |
| GF2.26e | . convulsion qh |
| HN | Changed descriptor 1995; through 1995 also use "seizure." | |
| ST | seizure, convulsion | |
| NT | +GC8.10e AODR seizure qh ah | |
| RT | +GC16.8 alcohol withdrawal syndrome qh ah | |
| GX4.14e epilepsy qh ah |
| GF2.28e | . consciousness disturbance qh |
| RT | +FFe state of consciousness qh ah |
| GF2.28.2 | . . dizziness qh |
| ST | lightheadedness |
| GF2.28.4 | . . stupor qh |
| ST | drowsiness | |
| somnolence | ||
| BT | +GZ32.2 acute stress reaction qh ah |
| GF2.28.4.2 | . . . nodding out qh |
| SN | A semi-stuporous state experienced by heroin and high-dose methadone users after the euphoric effects accompanying use have subsided. It is characterized by head bobbing, bowed head, and drooping eyelids. | |
| RT | BL2e heroin qh ah | |
| +ZQ10.2e methadone qh ah |
| GF2.28.6 | . . clouded consciousness qh |
| ST | clouding of sensorium |
| GF2.28.8 | . . unconsciousness qh |
| GF2.28.10e | . . coma qh |
| RT | GX4.16.2.4e hepatic encephalopathy qh ah |
| GF2.28.12 | . . syncope qh |
| ST | collapse | |
| fainting | ||
| vasovagal attack |
| GGe | pathologic process d-out qh |
| SN | Biochemical and biological processes of disease while the disease is in progress. | |
| RT | +GA10.12e pathogenesis qh ah |
| GG2 | motility disorder qh |
| ST | dysmotility | |
| RT | +GA2.2.2e physical activity qh ah | |
| +GG10.6 interrupted transit or circulation qh ah | ||
| GQ6.10.12 pyloric dysfunction qh ah |
| GG4 | tonicity disorder qh |
| GG6 | disruption of structural integrity qh |
| NT | +GH6.2.6.8e bone fracture qh ah | |
| GL14.14 pathological fracture qh ah | ||
| RT | +EA22 defense of body integrity qh ah | |
| +GH6e trauma qh ah |
| GG6.2e | . lesion qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 1995. | |
| ST | wound |
| GG6.2.16e | . . ulcer qh |
| NT | +GQ6.2e peptic ulcer qh ah | |
| GQ6.6.6.4.2 ulcerative colitis qh ah | ||
| GQ6.10.4e gastric ulcer qh ah | ||
| RT | +GQ4e esophageal disorder qh ah |
| GG6.2.18 | . . perforation qh |
| RT | +GQ4e esophageal disorder qh ah | |
| +GQ6e gastrointestinal disorder qh ah |
| GG6.2.18.2 | . . . fistula qh |
| RT | +GG10.8 change of transit or circulation qh ah | |
| +GQ6.10e gastric disorder qh ah | ||
| GQ6.18 anorectal disorder qh ah |
| GG6.4 | . burn qh |
| GG6.6 | . rupture (body part) qh |
| RT | +GQ4e esophageal disorder qh ah | |
| +XD body region qh ah |
| GG8 | distortion or displacement of body part qh |
| NT | GQ10.8e hepatomegaly qh ah | |
| RT | +GL4 musculoskeletal deformity qh ah |
| GG8.16e | . gynecomastia qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| SN | Abnormal enlargement of one or both breasts in men. | |
| BT | +XH4.6e breast qh ah |
| GG10 | abnormal transit or circulation qh |
| GG10.2 | . slow transit or circulation qh |
| GG10.4 | . accelerated transit or circulation qh |
| GG10.6 | . interrupted transit or circulation qh |
| RT | GG2 motility disorder qh ah | |
| GW8.2.10 glaucoma qh ah |
| GG10.6.2 | . . obstruction qh |
| ST | impaction | |
| occlusion | ||
| torsion |
| GG10.8 | . change of transit or circulation qh |
| NT | GN6.12 natural vascular shunt qh ah | |
| RT | GG6.2.18.2 fistula qh ah |
| GG10.8.2 | . . artificial shunt qh |
| SN | Use for man-made vascular shunts. Use *GN6.12 natural vascular shunt* qh ah for congenital (vascular communication) or physiological shunts. | |
| RT | HV6.16.2e surgical vascular shunts qh ah |
| GG12 | abnormal secretion or accumulation qh |
| GG12.2 | . abnormal secretion qh |
| NT | GQ16.2e ascites qh ah | |
| +GR20.12.2e edema qh ah | ||
| BT | +EC2.12e secretion qh ah | |
| RT | +XB2e body fluid qh ah | |
| +YFe hormones qh ah |
| GG12.4 | . abnormal accumulation of body fluid qh |
| NT | GX4.10 hydrocephalus qh ah |
| GG14e | deterioration of body part qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| NT | GN6.14.2e aneurysm qh ah |
| GG14.2 | . degeneration qh |
| GG14.4e | . atrophy qh |
| GG14.6e | . necrosis qh |
| SN | Localized tissue death that occurs in groups of cells in response to disease or injury. | |
| NT | GL14.16 aseptic necrosis of bone qh ah | |
| BT | +EG2.6.6e cytolysis qh ah | |
| RT | GN6.10.2.4e myocardial infarction qh ah | |
| +GQ10.2.4e alcoholic hepatitis qh ah | ||
| GQ10.2.6e alcoholic liver cirrhosis qh ah |
| GG14.8 | . gangrene qh |
| RT | WE12.4.4 Clostridium perfringens qh ah |
| GG16 | inflammation or infection qh |
| NT | GN8.10 cardiac inflammation or infection qh ah | |
| +GN10.8 vascular inflammation or infection qh ah | ||
| +GO12e respiratory inflammation or infection qh ah |
| GG16.2 | . irritation (physical) qh |
| GG16.4e | . inflammation qh |
| ST | cellulitis | |
| NT | +GM4e skin inflammation qh ah | |
| GQ16.4e peritonitis qh ah | ||
| RT | GO16.2 pneumonitis qh ah | |
| GW8.2.12 conjunctivitis qh ah | ||
| +YE10.8e lymphokines qh ah |
| GG16.6e | . infection qh |
| SN | Use *+GG16.6 infection* qh ah for documents dealing with the process of infection, e.g., "T-cell suppression in infection," or "infection of wounds." Use *+GH16 communicable disease* qh ah for concepts such as bladder infection, upper respiratory tract infection, eye infection, etc. | |
| NT | +GH16.14.26 streptococcal infection qh ah | |
| +GL14.2 bone infection qh ah | ||
| +GM2 skin infection qh ah | ||
| RT | +GH16e communicable disease qh ah | |
| +GX4.16e CNS inflammation or infection qh ah |
| GG16.6.2 | . . localized infection qh |
| ST | focal infection |
| GG16.6.2.2e | . . . abscess qh |
| NT | GQ10.4e liver abscess qh ah | |
| GX4.16.10 brain abscess qh ah | ||
| RT | +GO16e lung disorder qh ah | |
| GP12e dental disorder qh ah | ||
| +GQ10e liver disorder qh ah |
| GG16.6.2.4e | . . . granuloma qh |
| GG16.6.4 | . . generalized infection qh |
| GG16.6.4.2e | . . . septicemia qh |
| ST | blood poisoning | |
| RT | GH16.14.2e endotoxemia qh ah |
| GG18 | abnormal tissue repair qh |
| ST | abnormal scarring | |
| RT | +EA22.6e biological repair qh ah | |
| +GG20.26 abnormal growth by tissue qh ah |
| GG20e | abnormal growth and differentiation qh |
| RT | +GJ6e growth and development disorder qh ah | |
| +Xe body part qh ah | ||
| +XB4e tissue qh ah |
| GG20.10 | . metaplasia qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| SN | Conversion of normal tissue cells into an abnormal form in response to chronic stress or injury. | |
| ST | metaplasis |
| GG20.20 | . neoplasia qh |
| SN | Use for general tumor formation and growth processes. Use *+GG20.28 cancer* qh ah for malignant tumoral processes in humans or animals. | |
| ST | abnormal tissue growth | |
| neoplastic growth | ||
| RT | +EX10.2e mutagenesis qh ah | |
| +GG20.28e cancer qh ah |
| GG20.22e | . neoplasm qh |
| ST | cyst | |
| mass | ||
| nodule | ||
| polyp | ||
| tumor | ||
| NT | +GG20.28e cancer qh ah | |
| YE4.6e tumor antigens qh ah |
| GG20.24e | . metastasis qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| SN | Process by which tumor cells spread to distant parts of the body. |
| GG20.26 | . abnormal growth by tissue qh |
| RT | GG18 abnormal tissue repair qh ah |
| GG20.26.2e | . . fibrosis qh |
| GG20.26.4e | . . sclerosis qh |
| GG20.28e | . cancer qh |
| HN | Changed descriptor 2000; through 1999 use "neoplastic disease." | |
| SN | Use for malignant tumoral processes in humans or animals. Use *GG20.20 neoplasia* qh ah for general
tumor formation and growth processes.
For the ETOH database, for specific cancers, combine *+GG20.28 cancer* qh ah and the appropriate body part from section X (e.g., for breast cancer, index *+GG20.28 cancer* qh ah and *+XH4.6 breast* qh ah). | |
| ST | malignant neoplasm | |
| malignant tumor | ||
| malignant tumoral disease | ||
| neoplastic disease | ||
| BT | +GG20.22e neoplasm qh ah | |
| +GH disorder by cause qh ah | ||
| RT | GG20.20 neoplasia qh ah |
| GG20.28.2e | . . carcinogenesis qh |
| BT | +EE14.4.4.4.2.8 irreversible toxic effect qh ah | |
| +GA10.12e pathogenesis qh ah | ||
| RT | +BX2.2.4e congener qh ah | |
| GH18.4e mutagenic disorder qh ah | ||
| +YX4e carcinogens qh ah |
| GG20.28.4 | . . epithelial neoplasm qh |
| ST | epithelial tumor | |
| BT | +XB4.8e epithelium qh ah |
| GG20.28.4.2e | . . . adenoma qh |
| GG20.28.4.4e | . . . carcinoma qh |
| SN | A malignant epithelial neoplasm that tends to invade surrounding tissue and to metastasize to distant regions of the body. | |
| RT | +XB4.8e epithelium qh ah |
| GG20.28.4.4.2e | . . . . squamous cell carcinoma qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. |
| GG20.28.4.4.4e | . . . . adenocarcinoma qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| SN | Cancer arising from underlying tissue: muscle, bone, and other connective tissue. |
| GG20.28.4.6e | . . . papilloma qh |
| ST | wart |
| GG20.28.4.8e | . . . sarcoma qh |
| SN | Cancer arising from underlying tissue: muscle, bone, and other connective tissue. | |
| RT | +XB4.2e connective tissue qh ah |
| GH | disorder by cause d-out qh |
| NT | +GG20.28e cancer qh ah | |
| RT | +GA10e etiology qh ah |
| GH2 | iatrogenic disorder qh |
| SN | Pertaining to or describing a complication, injury, unfavorable result, or other problem that can be directly attributed to medical care. Combine with the appropriate specific cause. | |
| NT | GH16.2 hospital infection qh ah | |
| RT | +GH10.4 chemical poisoning qh ah |
| GH4e | idiopathic disorder qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | A disease that develops without an apparent or known cause, although it may have a recognizable pattern of signs and symptoms and may be curable. | |
| ST | primary disorders | |
| RT | +GZe behavioral and mental disorder qh ah |
| GH6e | trauma qh |
| ST | traumatic disorders | |
| RT | EA18.2.6 traumatic stressor qh ah | |
| +GG6 disruption of structural integrity qh ah | ||
| +GLe musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorder qh ah | ||
| +GN10.2e vascular rupture qh ah | ||
| +HL emergency treatment method qh ah | ||
| +HVe operative surgery qh ah | ||
| +OR8e accident qh ah |
| GH6.2e | . injury qh |
| ST | physical trauma | |
| NT | +AM4.2e AODR injury qh ah | |
| +GX6.22.2 spinal cord injury qh ah | ||
| +JB2.4.2.4.2e AODR injury prevention qh ah | ||
| RT | +OR8e accident qh ah | |
| +TL10 injured person qh ah | ||
| +Xe body part qh ah |
| GH6.2.2 | . . injury mechanism qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. |
| GH6.2.4 | . . injury by intent qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. |
| GH6.2.4.2 | . . . unintentional injury qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| ST | accidental injury | |
| RT | +AM4.2e AODR injury qh ah |
| GH6.2.4.4 | . . . injury caused by assault qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| RT | +AM4.2e AODR injury qh ah | |
| +MM16.2e violence qh ah | ||
| +MM26 crime against persons qh ah | ||
| +TL status by disorder or victimization qh ah |
| GH6.2.4.6 | . . . self-inflicted injury qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| RT | +AM4.2e AODR injury qh ah |
| GH6.2.6 | . . type of injury qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. |
| GH6.2.6.2 | . . . bruise qh |
| SN | This refers to a type of traumatic injury. Do not confuse with *GF2.6.12 abnormal bruising* qh ah, which is the tendency to bruise easily. | |
| ST | contusion | |
| RT | GF2.6.12 abnormal bruising qh ah |
| GH6.2.6.4 | . . . sprain qh |
| GH6.2.6.6 | . . . joint dislocation qh |
| ST | joint luxation |
| GH6.2.6.8e | . . . bone fracture qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 1995. | |
| NT | GL14.14 pathological fracture qh ah | |
| BT | +GG6 disruption of structural integrity qh ah |
| GH6.2.6.8.8 | . . . . hip fracture qh |
| GH6.2.6.8.10 | . . . . limb fracture qh |
| GH6.2.6.10e | . . . head injury qh |
| ST | head trauma | |
| BT | +GX4.12e cerebral vascular disorder qh ah |
| GH6.2.6.10.2e | . . . . brain injury qh |
| RT | +GX4e CNS disorder qh ah | |
| +GX4.4e brain damage qh ah | ||
| +GX4.16.2e encephalopathy qh ah |
| GH6.2.6.10.2.2 | . . . . . concussion qh |
| GH6.2.6.12 | . . . back injury qh |
| GH6.4 | . emotional trauma qh |
| ST | mental trauma | |
| RT | +EA18e stress qh ah | |
| +FQe psychological stress qh ah |
| GH8e | disorder of environmental origin qh |
| NT | GO16.4 pneumoconiosis qh ah | |
| RT | +EA18.4e physiological stress qh ah |
| GH8.2 | . motion sickness qh |
| GH8.4 | . air pressure-related disorder qh |
| GH8.4.4 | . . decompression sickness qh |
| ST | aeroemphysema | |
| bends | ||
| Caisson disease | ||
| RT | OR8.12.8e aquatic accident qh ah | |
| OZ10.6.2 scuba diving qh ah |
| GH8.6 | . environmental temperature-related disorder qh |
| GH8.6.2e | . . hyperthermia qh |
| RT | +EA8.16e thermoregulation qh ah | |
| EA12e body temperature qh ah | ||
| +GF2 physical symptom qh ah |
| GH8.6.4e | . . hypothermia qh |
| RT | +EA8.16e thermoregulation qh ah | |
| EA12e body temperature qh ah | ||
| +GF2 physical symptom qh ah |
| GH8.8 | . radiation exposure disorder qh |
| ST | radiation sickness |
| GH10 | exogenous chemical disorder qh |
| SN | Use for documents that discuss the effects of exposure to harmful chemical substances. If the mechanism of exposure is discussed as well, use, in addition, *+EE20 chemical exposure* qh ah, but do not use this descriptor if mention of exposure is merely incidental to the discussion of effects. For a complete search, combine both descriptors with OR. | |
| ST | pathology associated with exogenous chemicals | |
| NT | +GC16 alcohol use disorder qh ah | |
| +GDe AODR disorder qh ah | ||
| GJ2.14.2 chemical teratogenesis qh ah | ||
| RT | +EE20e chemical exposure qh ah | |
| +OR8e accident qh ah |
| GH10.2 | . chemical injury qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. | |
| SN | Injury to the skin or internal membranes by exogenous chemical substances. | |
| RT | +EF2.2 topical and local administration qh ah |
| GH10.4 | . chemical poisoning qh |
| SN | Disorder caused by exogenous chemical substances (including biological substances) entering the blood stream. | |
| ST | poisoning by drug, medicinal, and biological substance | |
| systemic exogenous chemical disorder | ||
| NT | +GC4e AOD intoxication qh ah | |
| +GC4.6e AOD poisoning qh ah | ||
| +GC4.8e pathological AOD intoxication qh ah | ||
| GJ2.14.2 chemical teratogenesis qh ah | ||
| +GJ2.16e chemical intrauterine disorder qh ah | ||
| RT | +EE14.4.4.4e adverse drug effect qh ah | |
| +EE14.4.4.4.2e toxic drug effect qh ah | ||
| +EE14.4.4.4.2.6e drug toxicity potential qh ah | ||
| EE14.4.4.4.2.10 delayed toxicity qh ah | ||
| EE16.8e adverse drug interaction qh ah | ||
| +EF2.4 systemic administration qh ah | ||
| +FS62.4.2e suicide qh ah | ||
| GC16.4.2 alcohol poisoning qh ah | ||
| +GDe AODR disorder qh ah | ||
| +GH2 iatrogenic disorder qh ah | ||
| GH12 food borne disorder qh ah |
| GH12 | food borne disorder qh |
| SN | Disease caused by food-borne chemical substances (as in mushroom poisoning or aflatoxin poisoning) or microorganisms (as in salmonella poisoning). Combine with *+GH10.4 chemical poisoning* qh ah or the appropriate descriptor under *+GH16 communicable disease* qh ah. | |
| ST | food borne disease | |
| food poisoning | ||
| RT | WE12.4.2 Clostridium botulinum qh ah | |
| +WE26.2e Staphylococcus qh ah |
| GH14e | nutritional disorder qh |
| SN | Disorders caused by excessive or insufficient nutrient intake. | |
| NT | GJ2.2e prenatal nutritional deficiency qh ah | |
| RT | EA24.2e diet qh ah | |
| EA24.6 nutritional state qh ah | ||
| +GF2.4e body weight anomaly qh ah | ||
| +GRe metabolic disorder qh ah | ||
| +GZ24e eating disorder qh ah | ||
| +HS2 nutritional therapy qh ah |
| GH14.2 | . nutritional excess qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. |
| GH14.4e | . nutritional deficiency qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| ST | inadequate/poor/unbalanced diet | |
| nutritional deficit | ||
| NT | GJ2.2e prenatal nutritional deficiency qh ah | |
| RT | +GDe AODR disorder qh ah | |
| +ZHe carbohydrates qh ah | ||
| +ZK lipids, fatty acids, fats and oils qh ah |
| GH14.4.2e | . . malnutrition qh |
| GH14.4.4 | . . starvation qh |
| GH14.4.6e | . . vitamin deficiency syndrome qh |
| ST | hypovitaminosis | |
| RT | HR4e vitamin therapy qh ah |
| GH14.4.6.2e | . . . vitamin A deficiency qh |
| GH14.4.6.4e | . . . vitamin B-complex deficiency qh |
| GH14.4.6.6e | . . . niacin deficiency qh |
| SN | A nutritional deficiency syndrome (pellagra) caused by lack of niacin (vitamin B6, nicotinic acid) or the essential amino acid tryptophan (which can be converted to niacin) and characterized by
confusion; depression; a symmetrical dermatitis affecting light-exposed parts of the body; and gastrointestinal symptoms, especially diarrhea.
Niacin deficiency is endemic among the poor in countries where unprocessed maize is the dietary staple. In other countries, it appears mainly in habitual heavy drinkers (alcoholic pellagra). Gastrointestinal symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distension. The mental symptoms are variable and may simulate any type of mental disorder, but depression is probably the most common psychiatric presentation. Disorientation, hallucinations, and delirium may develop, and some patients progress to dementia. Replacement therapy with niacin is effective in reversing most symptoms, although severe mental changes of long duration may not respond completely. | |
| ST | pellagra | |
| RT | ZP18.4.2e niacin qh ah |
| GH14.4.6.8e | . . . thiamine deficiency qh |
| ST | vitamin B1 deficiency | |
| NT | GX4.16.2.2e Wernicke's encephalopathy qh ah | |
| RT | +GZ6.2.6.4.4e Wernicke-Korsakoff psychosis qh ah | |
| +YB12.22e thiamine qh ah |
| GH14.4.6.8.2 | . . . . beriberi qh |
| GH14.4.6.10e | . . . vitamin C deficiency qh |
| SN | A nutritional deficiency syndrome (scurvy) caused by lack of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and characterized by bleeding, tender gums, hemorrhages in the skin and muscles, and pain and tenderness of muscles and joints. It occurs principally in malnourished individuals who eat little fruit or green vegetables. In developed countries, vitamin C deficiency is now mainly seen in the alcoholic population. | |
| ST | ascorbic acid deficiency | |
| scurvy | ||
| RT | +YB6e ascorbic acid qh ah |
| GH14.4.6.12e | . . . vitamin D deficiency qh |
| GH14.4.6.12.2 | . . . . rickets qh |
| GH14.4.6.14e | . . . vitamin K deficiency qh |
| RT | YB18e vitamin K qh ah |
| GH14.4.8e | . . mineral deficiency qh |
| RT | +EB28e mineral metabolism qh ah | |
| +ZA2.4.4.6e calcium qh ah |
| GH14.4.8.2e | . . . iron deficiency qh |
| GH14.4.10e | . . protein deficiency qh |
| RT | ZO6.6.6e dietary proteins qh ah |
| GH16e | communicable disease qh |
| SN | Use *+GH16 communicable disease* qh ah for concepts such as bladder infection, upper respiratory tract
infection, eye infection, etc. Use *+GG16.6 infection* qh ah for documents dealing with the process
of infection (e.g., "T-cell suppression in infection," or "infection of wounds").
*+GH16 communicable disease* qh ah may be used alone or combined with a descriptor from *+W living organisms* qh ah or *+XF body system or organ* qh ah to refer to infectious diseases caused by specific organisms or affecting certain organs. | |
| ST | contagious disease | |
| disease caused by microorganism | ||
| infectious diseases | ||
| NT | +GJ2.18 infectious intrauterine disorder qh ah | |
| GL10.2 infectious arthropathy qh ah | ||
| GQ6.4 infectious gastroenteritis qh ah | ||
| GQ16.4e peritonitis qh ah | ||
| +GX4.16.12 viral CNS infection qh ah | ||
| GX4.16.14 bacterial CNS infection qh ah | ||
| RT | +GA4e public health qh ah | |
| +GA10.10e disease transmission factor qh ah | ||
| +GG16.6e infection qh ah | ||
| GH12 food borne disorder qh ah | ||
| +GM2 skin infection qh ah | ||
| GN8.10 cardiac inflammation or infection qh ah | ||
| +GN10.8 vascular inflammation or infection qh ah | ||
| +GO12e respiratory inflammation or infection qh ah | ||
| GO12.2e pneumonia qh ah | ||
| GW8.2.12 conjunctivitis qh ah | ||
| +GX4.16e CNS inflammation or infection qh ah | ||
| HF16.12 blood sedimentation qh ah | ||
| +HF20.20e serologic test qh ah | ||
| +JH10.6e communicable disease control qh ah | ||
| +W2e microorganism qh ah | ||
| +WDe bacteria qh ah | ||
| WE2.2e aerobic bacteria qh ah | ||
| +WE2.4e anaerobic bacteria qh ah | ||
| +WE4 bacteria by stain qh ah | ||
| +WJe fungi qh ah | ||
| +XF body system or organ qh ah |
| GH16.2 | . hospital infection qh |
| ST | nosocomial infection | |
| BT | +GH2 iatrogenic disorder qh ah |
| GH16.4e | . opportunistic infection qh |
| RT | GH16.18.2.10 toxoplasmosis qh ah |
| GH16.6 | . secondary infection qh |
| GH16.8 | . communicable disease by vector qh |
| GH16.8.2 | . . arthropod borne disease qh |
| NT | GH16.18.2.8 malaria qh ah |
| GH16.8.4e | . . sexually transmitted disease qh |
| ST | STD | |
| venereal disease | ||
| NT | GH16.12.8.4 genital herpes qh ah | |
| +GH16.12.20.2e HIV infection qh ah | ||
| GH16.14.18 gonorrhea qh ah | ||
| GH16.14.24.6 syphilis qh ah | ||
| RT | +FR24e sexual behavior qh ah | |
| FR24.10.2 unsafe sex qh ah | ||
| +GH16.18.2 protozoal infestation qh ah | ||
| +GS4.2e genital disorder qh ah | ||
| JH2.8.2e sex education qh ah | ||
| +JH10.6.6e safe sex qh ah | ||
| +MM22.4e prostitution qh ah | ||
| +WB6.2.2.2e Simplexvirus qh ah |
| GH16.10 | . communicable disease by infectious agent qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. |
| GH16.12e | . viral disease qh |
| ST | virus infection | |
| RT | GX4.16.8 meningitis qh ah | |
| +WAe virus qh ah |
| GH16.12.2 | . . chronic fatigue syndrome qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| SN | Etiology is suspected to be viral or immunologic | |
| ST | chronic fatigue and immune dysfunction syndrome | |
| BT | +GL6e muscular disorder qh ah | |
| +GX4.16.6 encephalomyelitis qh ah |
| GH16.12.4 | . . common cold qh |
| RT | +WA4.2e respiratory virus qh ah |
| GH16.12.6e | . . viral hepatitis qh |
| ST | infectious hepatitis (viral hepatitis) | |
| BT | +GQ10e liver disorder qh ah | |
| RT | +WA4.4e hepatitis virus qh ah | |
| WB4.2 adenovirus qh ah |
| GH16.12.6.2e | . . . hepatitis A qh |
| ST | infectious hepatitis (hepatitis A) | |
| RT | WA4.4.2e hepatitis A virus qh ah |
| GH16.12.6.4e | . . . hepatitis B qh |
| RT | +WA4.4.4e hepatitis B virus qh ah |
| GH16.12.6.6e | . . . hepatitis C qh |
| RT | WA4.4.6e hepatitis C virus qh ah |
| GH16.12.6.8e | . . . hepatitis D qh |
| ST | delta hepatitis | |
| RT | WA4.4.8e hepatitis D virus qh ah |
| GH16.12.6.10e | . . . hepatitis E qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| RT | WA4.4.10e hepatitis E virus qh ah |
| GH16.12.6.12e | . . . hepatitis G qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| RT | WA4.4.12e hepatitis G virus qh ah |
| GH16.12.6.14e | . . . nonA nonB hepatitis qh |
| RT | WA4.4.14e hepatitis nonA nonB virus qh ah |
| GH16.12.8 | . . herpes virus disease qh |
| RT | +WB6 Herpesviridae qh ah |
| GH16.12.8.4 | . . . genital herpes qh |
| BT | +GH16.8.4e sexually transmitted disease qh ah | |
| +GM2 skin infection qh ah | ||
| RT | WB6.2.2.2.2e herpesvirus 1, human qh ah |
| GH16.12.8.10 | . . . infectious mononucleosis qh |
| RT | WB6.6.2.2.2.2 Epstein Barr virus qh ah |
| GH16.12.10 | . . poliomyelitis qh |
| BT | +GX4.16.12 viral CNS infection qh ah | |
| RT | WC2.4.2 poliomyelitis virus qh ah |
| GH16.12.12 | . . rubella qh |
| ST | German measles | |
| three-day measles | ||
| RT | GJ2.18.2 infectious teratogenesis qh ah | |
| WC6.6.2 rubella virus qh ah |
| GH16.12.14 | . . measles qh |
| RT | +WC12 Paramyxoviridae qh ah | |
| WC12.2 measles virus qh ah |
| GH16.12.16 | . . mumps qh |
| ST | parotitis | |
| RT | WC12.4.2 mumps virus qh ah |
| GH16.12.18 | . . rabies qh |
| BT | +GX4.16.12 viral CNS infection qh ah |
| GH16.12.20e | . . retroviral disease qh |
| ST | murine AIDS |
| GH16.12.20.2e | . . . HIV infection qh |
| ST | HIV seropositivity or positivity | |
| NT | JH10.6.2e HIV prevention qh ah | |
| BT | +GH16.8.4e sexually transmitted disease qh ah | |
| RT | FR24.10.2 unsafe sex qh ah | |
| GA10.10.2e needle sharing qh ah | ||
| TL4.10.4e intravenous drug user qh ah | ||
| WC20.2.2e human immunodeficiency virus qh ah |
| GH16.12.20.2.2e | . . . . acquired immunodeficiency syndrome qh |
| ST | acquired immune deficiency syndrome | |
| AIDS | ||
| RT | +ET4e immune function qh ah | |
| GJ2.18.4 congenital infection qh ah | ||
| GU4e immunodeficiency qh ah | ||
| WC20.2.2e human immunodeficiency virus qh ah |
| GH16.14e | . bacterial disease qh |
| RT | +WDe bacteria qh ah | |
| +WE Eubacteria qh ah |
| GH16.14.2e | . . endotoxemia qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| RT | GG16.6.4.2e septicemia qh ah |
| GH16.14.4 | . . mycobacterial infection qh |
| GH16.14.4.2e | . . . tuberculosis qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 1995. | |
| NT | GO16.6 pulmonary tuberculosis qh ah | |
| RT | GO16.6 pulmonary tuberculosis qh ah | |
| WE10.4.2 Mycobacterium tuberculosis qh ah | ||
| +YQ4.4 antitubercular agents qh ah |
| GH16.14.4.2.2 | . . . . extrapulmonary tuberculosis qh |
| GH16.14.4.4 | . . . Hansen's disease qh |
| ST | leprosy | |
| RT | WE10.4.4 Mycobacterium leprae qh ah | |
| +YQ4.6.2 leprostatic agents qh ah |
| GH16.14.6 | . . tetanus qh |
| SN | Do not confuse with *GL2.8 tetany* qh ah. | |
| ST | lockjaw | |
| RT | WE12.4.6 Clostridium tetani qh ah |
| GH16.14.12 | . . diphtheria qh |
| RT | WE20.2.2 Corynebacterium diphtheriae qh ah |
| GH16.14.16 | . . staphylococcal infection qh |
| ST | toxic shock syndrome | |
| RT | +WE26.2e Staphylococcus qh ah |
| GH16.14.18 | . . gonorrhea qh |
| BT | +GH16.8.4e sexually transmitted disease qh ah | |
| RT | GJ2.18.4 congenital infection qh ah | |
| WE30.2 Neisseria gonorrhoeae qh ah |
| GH16.14.20 | . . cholera qh |
| RT | GQ6.4 infectious gastroenteritis qh ah | |
| WE32.4.2 Vibrio cholerae qh ah |
| GH16.14.24 | . . spimychetal disease qh |
| RT | +WE38 Spirochetales qh ah |
| GH16.14.24.6 | . . . syphilis qh |
| BT | +GH16.8.4e sexually transmitted disease qh ah | |
| RT | GJ2.18.4 congenital infection qh ah | |
| WE38.6 Treponema palidum qh ah |
| GH16.14.26 | . . streptococcal infection qh |
| BT | +GG16.6e infection qh ah | |
| RT | +WE42.2e Streptococcus qh ah |
| GH16.14.26.2 | . . . rheumatic fever qh |
| GH16.16 | . mycosis qh |
| ST | fungal disease |
| GH16.16.2 | . . aspergillosis qh |
| RT | WJ8.2 Aspergillus qh ah |
| GH16.16.4 | . . dermatophytosis qh |
| ST | athlete's foot | |
| tinea | ||
| RT | WJ8.6 dermatophytes qh ah |
| GH16.16.6 | . . candidiasis qh |
| ST | moniliasis | |
| muguet | ||
| oral thrush | ||
| RT | +GQ4e esophageal disorder qh ah | |
| WJ8.10.2.2 Candida albicans qh ah |
| GH16.18 | . parasitic disease qh |
| GH16.18.2 | . . protozoal infestation qh |
| ST | leishmaniasis | |
| RT | +GH16.8.4e sexually transmitted disease qh ah | |
| +WH2 Protozoa qh ah |
| GH16.18.2.2 | . . . amebiasis qh |
| RT | WH2.2.2 Amoebida qh ah |
| GH16.18.2.8 | . . . malaria qh |
| BT | +GH16.8.2 arthropod borne disease qh ah | |
| RT | WH12.4 Plasmodium qh ah |
| GH16.18.2.10 | . . . toxoplasmosis qh |
| RT | GH16.4e opportunistic infection qh ah | |
| GJ2.18.2 infectious teratogenesis qh ah | ||
| WH12.8 Toxoplasma qh ah |
| GH18e | genetic disorder qh |
| RT | +EXe genetics and heredity qh ah | |
| +GJ2e intrauterine disorder qh ah | ||
| +GJ4.2e congenital anomaly qh ah |
| GH18.2e | . heritable disorder qh |
| RT | +EYe heredity qh ah | |
| EY12.2e hereditary factors qh ah | ||
| +GA10.2.2 biological disease cause qh ah |
| GH18.4e | . mutagenic disorder qh |
| RT | +EX10e mutation qh ah | |
| GG20.28.2e carcinogenesis qh ah | ||
| +GJ2.14e teratogenesis qh ah |
classification thesaurus glossary dictionary definition subject heading list ontology vocabulary knowledge structure knowledge organization terminology concept