| FLe | memory d-out qh |
| SN | The relatively permanent record of the experience that underlies learning. | |
| BT | +FAe psychology qh ah | |
| +FH cognition, learning, and memory qh ah | ||
| RT | +FF2.6.6e dreams qh ah | |
| +FKe learning qh ah | ||
| FM4.10.8 suppression (defense mechanism) qh ah | ||
| GZ2.10.14.2 mild memory disturbance qh ah | ||
| +GZ2.10.14.4e amnesia qh ah | ||
| XZ4.2 CNS loop qh ah |
| FL2 | . short-term and long-term memory qh |
| RT | +FKe learning qh ah | |
| FL6.6 memory consolidation qh ah |
| FL2.2e | . . short-term memory qh |
| SN | Short-term memory contains information acquired through the senses or retrieved from long-term memory; it is often referred to as working memory. Short-term memory is where thinking occurs. | |
| ST | working memory |
| FL2.4e | . . long-term memory qh |
| FL4e | . memory by content qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. |
| FL4.2 | . . sensory memory qh |
| SN | Very brief memory; holds information until it can be transferred to short-term memory. | |
| RT | +FGe sensory perception qh ah |
| FL4.4e | . . visual memory qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. |
| FL4.6e | . . spatial memory qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| SN | Memory for nonverbal information perceived in the environment. |
| FL4.8 | . . episodic memory qh |
| SN | Consists of memory about specific things one has done, seen, heard, felt, tasted, etc. |
| FL4.10 | . . semantic memory qh |
| SN | Consists of conceptual information. |
| FL4.12e | . . verbal memory qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. |
| FL6 | . memory process qh |
| FL6.2 | . . memory span qh |
| FL6.4 | . . chunking qh |
| SN | The use of information already present in long-term memory to organize and simplify information just received in short-term memory. |
| FL6.4.2 | . . . mnemonics qh |
| FL6.4.4 | . . . cue qh |
| ST | stimulus | |
| RT | FK6.6.2.4e conditioned stimulus qh ah | |
| FK6.6.8e cue reactivity qh ah |
| FL6.4.4.2e | . . . . alcohol cue qh |
| SN | A phenomenon linked to craving for alcohol in clinical alcoholics. | |
| RT | AE6e AOD craving qh ah | |
| FD4.4 clinical AOD personality qh ah |
| FL6.6 | . . memory consolidation qh |
| SN | The transfer of information from short-term memory into long-term memory. | |
| RT | +FL2 short-term and long-term memory qh ah |
| FL6.8 | . . rehearsal qh |
| ST | experience (practice) |
| FL6.10 | . . encoding qh |
| FL8e | . characteristic of memory qh |
| FL8.2e | . . state-dependent memory qh |
| SN | A memory is more easily recalled when a person is in the same emotional state in which the memory was acquired. |
| FL8.4e | . . memory retention qh |
| ST | retention (memory) |
| FL8.6e | . . memory retrieval qh |
| ST | retrieval (memory) |
| FL8.6.2 | . . . remembering qh |
| SN | Both an automatic and a creative process. | |
| ST | retention (psychology) |
| FL8.6.2.2 | . . . . recollection, recall qh |
| SN | The active search for stimuli that will evoke the appropriate memory. |
| FL8.6.2.4 | . . . . redintegration qh |
| SN | Process of recall through use of fragmentary clues. |
| FL8.6.2.6 | . . . . recognition (psychology) qh |
| FL8.6.2.8 | . . . . relearning qh |
| RT | +FKe learning qh ah |
| FL8.8 | . . forgetting qh |
| FL8.10e | . . memory interference qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| ST | interference (memory process) | |
| learning inhibition | ||
| learning interference |
| FL8.10.2 | . . . proactive interference qh |
| SN | The theory that previous learning of material can interfere with the retention of newly learned material. | |
| ST | proactive inhibition |
| FL8.10.4 | . . . retroactive interference qh |
| ST | reactive inhibition | |
| retroactive inhibition |
| FL8.12 | . . memory distortion qh |
| FM | adjustment d-out qh |
| SN | Conceptually broad term referring to a state of harmony between internal needs and external demands and the processes used in achieving this condition. To be used for psychological, social, or emotional adaptation. | |
| ST | psychological adaptation | |
| psychological adjustment | ||
| NT | +FQ8 psychological response to stress qh ah | |
| FR26.2e social adjustment qh ah | ||
| BT | +FAe psychology qh ah | |
| RT | +AE4.6 psychobehavioral AOD tolerance qh ah | |
| AE4.6.2 psychological AOD tolerance qh ah | ||
| +EA18e stress qh ah | ||
| +EA22.2e biological adaptation qh ah | ||
| FD18.18e adaptability (personality) qh ah | ||
| +FKe learning qh ah | ||
| +FQe psychological stress qh ah | ||
| +GA2.4e mental health qh ah | ||
| GA12.6 adaptation to disease qh ah | ||
| +GZ32.4e adjustment reaction qh ah | ||
| +HZe psychosocial treatment method qh ah | ||
| +NFe education and training qh ah | ||
| +NF18.4e instruction qh ah |
| FM2 | . maladaptation qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| ST | maladaptive behavior |
| FM4e | . emotional adjustment qh |
| RT | +FP10e emotional stability and instability qh ah | |
| +GZ32.4e adjustment reaction qh ah |
| FM4.4e | . . coping qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| ST | cope, coping behavior | |
| coping behavior | ||
| RT | FE10.4.6e coping skills qh ah |
| FM4.6 | . . catharsis qh |
| SN | Relaxation of emotional tension by expressive reaction. | |
| ST | abreaction | |
| RT | +HZe psychosocial treatment method qh ah |
| FM4.8 | . . identity crisis qh |
| RT | FD16.4e personal identity qh ah | |
| GZ10.12 identity disorder qh ah |
| FM4.10e | . . defense mechanism qh |
| SN | In psychoanalytic theory, interpersonal strategies or defenses developed in dealing with frustration and anxiety; examples include repression, projection, and regression. Also, methods by which the ego deals with conflicts and pressures imposed by the id and the superego. | |
| BT | +FQ8 psychological response to stress qh ah | |
| RT | EA18.4.2.2e general adaptation syndrome qh ah | |
| +FD12.10.4e ego qh ah | ||
| +FNe motivation qh ah |
| FM4.10.2 | . . . sublimation (defense mechanism) qh |
| FM4.10.4 | . . . repression (defense mechanism) qh |
| FM4.10.6e | . . . denial qh |
| FM4.10.8 | . . . suppression (defense mechanism) qh |
| RT | +FLe memory qh ah |
| FM4.10.10 | . . . displacement (defense mechanism) qh |
| FM4.10.12 | . . . defiance qh |
| FM4.10.14 | . . . identification (defense mechanism) qh |
| FM4.10.16 | . . . regression (defense mechanism) qh |
| FM4.10.18 | . . . rationalization qh |
| FM4.10.20 | . . . intellectualization qh |
| SN | A defense mechanism in which the person discusses cognitive and intellectual material as a motive for avoiding the discussion and experience of emotions or feelings; the use of reasoning to avoid confrontation. | |
| RT | +FJ4e cognitive process qh ah |
| FM4.10.22 | . . . introjection (defense mechanism) qh |
| FM4.10.24 | . . . projection (defense mechanism) qh |
| FM4.10.26 | . . . reaction formation qh |
| SN | A defense mechanism used to conceal unacceptable impulses by expressing instead the opposite impulse. |
| FM4.10.28e | . . . withdrawal (defense mechanism) qh |
| FM4.10.30 | . . . isolation (defense mechanism) qh |
| FM4.12 | . . emotional closure qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. | |
| SN | The term "emotional closure" refers to a patient's ability to end or close an emotional segment of his or her life that he or she was unable previously to deal with, such as a sexual-abuse victim seeking counseling to resolve any feelings, emotions, or dysfunctions surrounding that issue. At the end of therapy, the patient may feel a sense of closure to the issue. | |
| RT | +HZe psychosocial treatment method qh ah | |
| +HZ6.4e psychotherapeutic interaction qh ah | ||
| +JPe treatment and maintenance qh ah |
| FNe | motivation d-out qh |
| SN | An inner state that energizes, maintains, and directs individual or group behavior toward satisfying a need or attaining a goal. | |
| ST | desires | |
| NT | +JP10.2.4e patient motivation qh ah | |
| MU12.6 employee motivation qh ah | ||
| NF24.6.2 student motivation and attitude qh ah | ||
| NF24.10.2 teacher motivation and attitude qh ah | ||
| BT | +FAe psychology qh ah | |
| RT | +EA18e stress qh ah | |
| +EW12.6.4 brain model qh ah | ||
| +EW12.6.4.6 diencephalic brain model qh ah | ||
| FB12.8 dynamic psychology qh ah | ||
| +FD8e personality development qh ah | ||
| FD18.14 persistence qh ah | ||
| +FK6e conditioning qh ah | ||
| +FK6.2.2e aversion conditioning qh ah | ||
| +FK6.4.2e reinforcement qh ah | ||
| +FM4.10e defense mechanism qh ah | ||
| +FRe attitude and behavior qh ah | ||
| +FR16.10 morale qh ah | ||
| +FR24e sexual behavior qh ah | ||
| FS22e compulsion qh ah | ||
| +FV12 goal qh ah | ||
| +FV12.6 interest qh ah | ||
| +JP10.2 patient treatment factors qh ah | ||
| +NF24.6e student behavior and participation qh ah |
| FN2 | . theories of motivation qh |
| SN | Including, but not limited to, instinct theory, drive theory, and incentive theory; these concepts can be formed by combining this term with the appropriate descriptors (i.e., to form "instinct theory" combine *+FN2 theories of motivation* qh ah with *FN4 instinct* qh ah). | |
| NT | +FK16e social learning qh ah |
| FN2.8 | . . frustration-aggression theory qh |
| RT | FP14.8 frustration qh ah | |
| +FS56e aggressive behavior qh ah |
| FN4 | . instinct qh |
| RT | +FN2 theories of motivation qh ah |
| FN6 | . needs and drives qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. | |
| SN | A basic compelling urge. A primary drive is innate and in close contact with physiological processes. A secondary or acquired drive results from learning--for example, addiction. | |
| ST | human needs | |
| NT | EA24.8.8.2e hunger qh ah | |
| EA24.8.8.4e thirst qh ah | ||
| RT | FR18.2.2e innate behavior qh ah | |
| +FS24e addiction qh ah |
| FN6.2e | . . sex drive qh |
| RT | +ESe reproductive function qh ah | |
| FD12.10.8 libido qh ah | ||
| +FR24e sexual behavior qh ah |
| FN8 | . incentive qh |
| ST | inducement | |
| BT | +FV12.6 interest qh ah | |
| RT | FK6.4.2.2e positive reinforcement qh ah |
| FN10 | . affiliation motivation qh |
| SN | Desire to be with others. | |
| ST | affiliation motive | |
| RT | LB16.2 affiliation qh ah |
| FN12 | . achievement motivation qh |
| ST | achievement motive | |
| achievement need |
| FN14 | . self-actualization qh |
| SN | According to A. Maslow's theory, the process of striving to fulfill one's talents, capacities, and potentialities for maximum self-realization, ideally by integrating physical, social, intellectual, and emotional needs. | |
| ST | self-realization | |
| BT | +FD16 humanistic approach to personality qh ah | |
| RT | MU12.4.2e job satisfaction qh ah |
| FN16 | . aggression and violence motivation qh |
| FN18 | . revenge motivation qh |
| FN20 | . intrinsic vs extrinsic motivation qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. |
| FN20.2 | . . intrinsic motivation qh |
| SN | Need or desire that arises from within the individual and causes action toward some goal. Also motivation based on satisfaction found in behaviors or activities in and of themselves, such as exploration or game playing, rather than in achieving an external goal. | |
| RT | FD18.4e internal external locus of control qh ah | |
| HZ8.20e motivational interviewing qh ah |
| FN20.4 | . . extrinsic motivation qh |
| SN | Need or desire arising outside the individual that causes action toward some goal. Also, motivation based not on satisfaction inherent in the activity itself but on the possibility of receiving an award. | |
| RT | FD18.4e internal external locus of control qh ah |
| FPe | emotion d-out qh |
| SN | Affective states (or feelings) accompanied by physiological changes that often influence behavior. | |
| ST | affective state | |
| emotional state | ||
| feeling | ||
| mood | ||
| temperament | ||
| NT | LF2.2 emotional support qh ah | |
| BT | +FAe psychology qh ah | |
| RT | +EA4e biochemical mechanism qh ah | |
| +FD18e personality trait qh ah | ||
| +FE10.4.4e self-management skills qh ah | ||
| +FP14.6e emotional and psychiatric depression qh ah | ||
| +FR16 attitude qh ah | ||
| +FR16.10 morale qh ah | ||
| +FR16.12 expectation qh ah | ||
| +GZe behavioral and mental disorder qh ah | ||
| +GZ2.20e mood and affect disturbance qh ah | ||
| +LC2e interpersonal interaction qh ah | ||
| LH2e quality of life qh ah | ||
| +OR12e accident factor qh ah |
| FP2e | . emotion as an AODC qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| BT | +AK4.4e psychological AODC qh ah |
| FP4e | . AODE on emotion qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| BT | +AM2e AODE qh ah | |
| +AM2.4e psychobehavioral AODE qh ah |
| FP6e | . emotional development qh |
| BT | +FCe psychological development qh ah | |
| RT | +FD8e personality development qh ah |
| FP8e | . expression of emotion qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| ST | emotional expressiveness | |
| expression of feelings | ||
| RT | +FR28e interpersonal communication qh ah |
| FP10e | . emotional stability and instability qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| BT | +FD18e personality trait qh ah | |
| RT | +FM4e emotional adjustment qh ah |
| FP10.2e | . . emotional stability qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. |
| FP10.4e | . . emotional instability qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. |
| FP12e | . pleasurable emotion qh |
| ST | pleasurable feeling | |
| pleasure | ||
| RT | FP14.10.8 anxiolysis qh ah | |
| FS2.2 positive attitude qh ah |
| FP12.2 | . . excitement qh |
| ST | thrill | |
| RT | FS34e sensation-seeking behavior qh ah |
| FP12.4e | . . euphoria qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 1995. | |
| BT | +GZ2.20.4 grandiosity qh ah | |
| RT | +ZN2.8.6e dopamine qh ah |
| FP12.6e | . . happiness qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| ST | elation | |
| enjoyment | ||
| joy, festive | ||
| RT | GZ2.20.8 elevated mood qh ah |
| FP12.8 | . . emotionally high qh |
| SN | Slang term for feeling euphoric. Often used by AOD users to describe the resulting feeling from the use of an AOD substance. Also can refer to feelings resulting from success in an individual's personal life (e.g., feeling emotionally high because a romance is going well or feeling high on life). | |
| ST | feeling high |
| FP12.10e | . . hope qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| RT | FS42e hopelessness qh ah |
| FP12.12e | . . satisfaction qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| ST | fulfillment | |
| NT | LF10.2e marital satisfaction qh ah | |
| MU12.4.2e job satisfaction qh ah | ||
| RT | +FR16.8.2.2e self-esteem qh ah | |
| +LU6.12.2 success qh ah |
| FP12.14 | . . love and affection qh |
| ST | caring, devotion | |
| fondness | ||
| romantic | ||
| tenderness | ||
| RT | FD8.2e attachment qh ah | |
| +FP14.24 jealousy qh ah | ||
| +LC2e interpersonal interaction qh ah | ||
| +LFe intimacy qh ah | ||
| +LU8.2.2 amity qh ah |
| FP14e | . displeasurable emotion qh |
| ST | displeasurable feeling | |
| RT | +FQe psychological stress qh ah | |
| +LB16.8e social detachment qh ah |
| FP14.2 | . . boredom qh |
| RT | FS16e apathy qh ah |
| FP14.4 | . . unhappiness qh |
| FP14.4.2 | . . . despair qh |
| ST | anguish |
| FP14.4.4 | . . . sadness qh |
| ST | melancholy |
| FP14.6e | . . emotional and psychiatric depression qh |
| SN | Emotional state of dejection and sadness, ranging from mild discouragement to utter despair. Depression manifests itself in a wide range with respect to both seriousness and duration; mild depression is classified as an *+FP emotion* qh ah whereas major or clinical depression is a *+GZ behavioral and mental disorder* qh ah. Use this broad term when an article does not distinguish clearly between the two. | |
| NT | GZ6.4.4.4e major depression qh ah | |
| RT | +GZ6.4.4e affective psychosis qh ah | |
| GZ14.10e dysthymic disorder qh ah |
| FP14.6.2e | . . . emotional depression qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | Use for mild depression that does not constitute a disorder. | |
| ST | depressed mood | |
| depression (emotion) | ||
| despondency | ||
| emotional distress | ||
| psychological distress | ||
| BT | +GZ2.20.4 grandiosity qh ah | |
| RT | FK6.4.2.6e learned helplessness qh ah | |
| FP14.28e loneliness qh ah | ||
| +FS62.4.2e suicide qh ah | ||
| +GZ6.4.4e affective psychosis qh ah | ||
| GZ6.4.4.4e major depression qh ah |
| FP14.8 | . . frustration qh |
| RT | FN2.8 frustration-aggression theory qh ah | |
| FQ8.2e burnout qh ah |
| FP14.10 | . . fear and anxiety qh |
| RT | +GZ14e neurotic disorder qh ah |
| FP14.10.2 | . . . emotional vulnerability qh |
| ST | vulnerability (feeling) |
| FP14.10.4e | . . . fear qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | The response to a specific danger in the environment. | |
| ST | focused anxiety | |
| fright | ||
| scare, scared | ||
| RT | GZ14.2.2e panic disorder qh ah | |
| +GZ14.6e phobic disorder qh ah |
| FP14.10.6e | . . . anxiety qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | An intense, frightful reaction to an overwhelming situation of fear or anxiety characterized by extreme irrational actions and a disturbed physical state. | |
| ST | angst | |
| anxiousness | ||
| apprehension | ||
| unfocused anxiety | ||
| worry | ||
| NT | +GZ14.2e anxiety state qh ah | |
| BT | +GZ32.2 acute stress reaction qh ah | |
| RT | FP14.32e guilt qh ah | |
| FS22e compulsion qh ah | ||
| +GZ14e neurotic disorder qh ah | ||
| JA6.12.8 psychological risk and protective factors qh ah |
| FP14.10.8 | . . . anxiolysis qh |
| RT | +FP12e pleasurable emotion qh ah |
| FP14.12e | . . confusion qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| ST | bewilderment |
| FP14.14 | . . repulsion qh |
| ST | antipathy | |
| disgust | ||
| BT | +LU8.2.4 enmity qh ah | |
| RT | +FK6.2.2e aversion conditioning qh ah |
| FP14.16 | . . hate qh |
| ST | hatred | |
| loathing | ||
| BT | +LU8.2.4 enmity qh ah | |
| RT | +LC2e interpersonal interaction qh ah |
| FP14.18e | . . anger qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| RT | +FS56e aggressive behavior qh ah | |
| +LB16.8e social detachment qh ah |
| FP14.18.2 | . . . rage qh |
| RT | GZ2.20.14 emotional outburst qh ah |
| FP14.20 | . . hostility qh |
| ST | animosity | |
| BT | +LU8.2.4 enmity qh ah |
| FP14.22 | . . resentment qh |
| ST | bitterness | |
| RT | +LU6.6e conflict qh ah |
| FP14.24 | . . jealousy qh |
| ST | envy | |
| NT | GD4.2.2.10.2 alcoholic jealousy qh ah | |
| RT | FP12.14 love and affection qh ah | |
| +LC2e interpersonal interaction qh ah |
| FP14.26 | . . sorrow qh |
| ST | aggrieved | |
| grief | ||
| mournful | ||
| RT | LJ10e death qh ah |
| FP14.28e | . . loneliness qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| RT | FP14.6.2e emotional depression qh ah | |
| LC2.12e social isolation qh ah |
| FP14.30 | . . regret qh |
| ST | repentance, remorse |
| FP14.32e | . . guilt qh |
| ST | shame | |
| RT | +FD12.10.6.2 conscience qh ah | |
| +FP14.10.6e anxiety qh ah |
| FP14.34 | . . embarrassment qh |
| ST | humiliation |
| FP16 | . compassion qh |
| ST | pity | |
| sympathy |
| FP18 | . forgiving, forgiveness qh |
| FP20 | . intense emotion qh |
| FQe | psychological stress d-out qh |
| SN | The psychological response of the individual to any demand made on him or her. | |
| ST | emotional stress | |
| mental stress | ||
| social stress | ||
| NT | AJ6.24e tension reduction theory of AODU qh ah | |
| BT | +EA18e stress qh ah | |
| +FAe psychology qh ah | ||
| RT | +EA4e biochemical mechanism qh ah | |
| FE10.4.6e coping skills qh ah | ||
| +FE10.4.8e stress management skills qh ah | ||
| +FM adjustment qh ah | ||
| +FP14e displeasurable emotion qh ah | ||
| GH6.4 emotional trauma qh ah | ||
| JA6.12.8 psychological risk and protective factors qh ah |
| FQ2e | . stress as an AODC qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| NT | AJ6.24e tension reduction theory of AODU qh ah | |
| BT | +AK4.4e psychological AODC qh ah |
| FQ4e | . AODE on stress qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| BT | +AM2e AODE qh ah | |
| +AM2.4e psychobehavioral AODE qh ah | ||
| RT | +AMe AOD effects and consequences qh ah |
| FQ6e | . psychosocial cause of stress qh |
| RT | +EA18.2e stressor qh ah | |
| +LKe life event qh ah |
| FQ6.2e | . . occupational stress qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| BT | +LN34e workplace context qh ah |
| FQ6.4 | . . unpredictability of life event qh |
| FQ6.6 | . . lack of control over life event qh |
| FQ6.8 | . . external and internal conflict qh |
| FQ6.8.2 | . . . external conflict qh |
| RT | +FS56e aggressive behavior qh ah |
| FQ6.8.4 | . . . internal conflict qh |
| RT | +EA18.4.2e biological adaptation to stress qh ah | |
| +FK6.2.2e aversion conditioning qh ah |
| FQ6.8.4.2e | . . . . cognitive dissonance qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | A theory associated with L. Festinger; a state of unpleasantness in the individual caused by perceived inconsistency among experiences, feelings, beliefs, and attitudes. | |
| RT | +FJ4e cognitive process qh ah |
| FQ6.8.4.4 | . . . . approach-avoidance conflict qh |
| SN | Having only one goal, which has both attractive and unattractive qualities. |
| FQ8 | . psychological response to stress qh |
| NT | FK6.4.2.6e learned helplessness qh ah | |
| +FM4.10e defense mechanism qh ah | ||
| BT | +FM adjustment qh ah |
| FQ8.2e | . . burnout qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 1995. | |
| SN | Negative feelings and/or behaviors resulting from unsuccessful attempts to cope with stress conditions characterized by physical and emotional exhaustion, chronic negative attitudes, very low productivity, etc. | |
| RT | FP14.8 frustration qh ah | |
| MU12.4.2e job satisfaction qh ah |
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