Greece outraged by British Museum's loan of Parthenon sculpture to Russia's Hermitage Museum

By DANICA KIRKA, Associated Press

LONDON (AP) — One of the British Museum's much-disputed Parthenon Marbles was unveiled Friday after being sent in secret to Russia — a surprise move that outraged Greece, which has long demanded the return of the artifacts.

The loan of the piece, an elegant depiction of the river god Ilissos, was the first time in two centuries that any of the contested sculptures has left Britain — and raised questions of timing amid growing tension between Russia and the West over Ukraine and other disputes.

Greece reacted with fury.

"Greeks identify with our history and culture! Which cannot be sliced up, loaned or given away!" Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras fumed in a sharply worded statement punctuated with exclamation points. He described the British Museum's move as a provocation.

The museum announced the loan only after the sculpture — a headless Ilissos reclining amid exquisitely carved drapery evoking river water — had been spirited to Russia's Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg. It will be on display Saturday through Jan. 18 as part of a major exhibition to celebrate the 250th anniversary of the museum, Russia's most renowned.

The museum's trustees described the sculpture as a "stone ambassador of the Greek golden age," whose loan should continue despite the tensions between Britain and Russia.

"It is precisely because relations between the countries are difficult that this kind of loan is so important," British Museum director Neil MacGregor told the BBC. "As we know, relations between Britain and Russia have been bumpy over the last couple of years. But the Hermitage has lent very generously."

MacGregor added that he hoped the Greek government would be "delighted."

"I hope that they'll be very pleased that a huge new public can engage with the great achievements of ancient Greece. People who will never be able to come to Athens or to London will now here in Russia understand something of the great achievements of Greek civilization."

The sculptures are at the heart of one of the world's most famous cultural heritage disputes. The marbles graced the Parthenon temple on the Acropolis for more than 2,000 years, until they were removed at the beginning of the 19th century by Scottish nobleman Thomas Bruce, the 7th Earl of Elgin, when it was fashionable for the aristocracy to collect ancient art.

Greece contends they were looted illegally while the country was under Turkish occupation. The British Museum has long rejected their return, arguing that the pieces, known in Britain as the Elgin Marbles, can be seen in London by a global audience, free of charge.

Efforts to return the works were recently given a fresh boost by lawyer Amal Clooney, wife of actor George Clooney, who stepped in to back the Greek cause.

The trip to the Hermitage marks the first time any of the sculptures have left the museum since being presented to its trustees by Parliament in 1816, with the exception of their evacuation for safekeeping in wartime.

The British Museum has said it will consider any request for any part of the collection to be borrowed with the precondition "that the borrowing institution can guarantee its safe return" — a condition Greece is unlikely to agree to.

Britain's government played no role in the loan to the Hermitage — the British Museum is independent of the government, a view it has often repeated as Greece sought to have the marbles returned.

The loan highlights a dilemma for Western museums that have substantial holdings of ancient art, which are often at the heart of their collections.

Returning such pieces would encourage other countries to seek the return of their treasures, said Beatrice Heuser, professor of international relations at the University of Reading.

"It would start a merry-go-round," she said. "Everybody else would start claiming things as well."