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Scientific Name: Diceros sumatrensis
Common Name: Sumatran rhino
Category: Rhino
Population: < 250 individuals
Threats To Survival: Hunting for horn -used in traditional medicine
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Scientific Name: Eleutherodactylus thorectes
Common Name: Macaya Breast-Spot Frog
Category: Frog
Population: Unknown
Threats To Survival: Habitat destruction due to charcoal production and slash-and-burn agriculture
Credit: Robin Moore
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Scientific Name: Scaturiginichthys vermeilipinnis
Common Name: Red-Finned Blue Eye
Category: Freshwater Fish
Population: 2,000 - 4,000 Individuals
Threats To Survival: Predation by introduced species
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Scientific Name: Rafetus Swinhoei
Common Name: Red River Giant Softshell Turtle
Category: Turtle
Population: 4 known individuals
Threats To Survival: Hunting for consumption and habitat destruction and degradation as a result of wetland destruction and pollution
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Scientific Name: Neurergus kaiseri
Common Name: Luristan newt
Category: Newt
Population: < 1000 mature individuals
Threats To Survival: Illegal collection for pet trade
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Scientific Name: Poecilotheria metallica
Common Name: Peacock Parachute Spider
Category: Spider
Population: Unknown
Threats To Survival: Habitat loss and degradation as a result of deforestation, firewood collection and civil unrest
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Scientific Name: Atelopus balios
Common Name: Rio Pescado Stubfoot Toad
Category: Toad
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Chytridiomycosis and habitat destruction due to logging and agricultural expansion
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Scientific Name: Johora Singaporensis
Common Name: Singapore Freshwater Crab
Category: Crab
Population: Unknown
Threats To Survival: Habitat degradation - reduction in water quality and quantity
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Scientific Name: Abies beshanzuensis
Common Name: Baishan Fir
Category: Conifer
Population: 5 mature individuals
Threats To Survival: Agricultural expansion and fire
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Scientific Name: Actinote zikani
Common Name: None
Category: Butterfly
Population: Unknown, one population remaining
Threats To Survival: Habitat degradation due to pressure from human populations
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Scientific Name: Aipysurus foliosquama
Common Name: Leaf Scaled Sea-Snake
Category: Sea snake
Population: Unknown, two subpopulations remain
Threats To Survival: Unknown - likely degradation of coral reef habitat
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Scientific Name: Amanipodagrion gilliesi
Common Name: Amani Flatwing
Category: Damselfly
Population: < 500 individuals est.
Threats To Survival: Habitat degradation due to increasing population pressure and water pollution
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Scientific Name: Antilophia bokermanni
Common Name: Araripe Manakin
Category: bird
Population: 779 individuals (est 2010)
Threats To Survival: Habitat destruction due to expansion of agriculture and recreational facilities and water diversion
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Scientific Name: Antisolabis seychellensis
Common Name: Seychelles Earwig
Category: Earwig
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Invasive species and climate change
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Scientific Name: Aphanius transgrediens
Common Name: None
Category: Freshwater fish
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Competition and predation by Gambusia and road construction
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Scientific Name: Ardeotis nigriceps
Common Name: Great Indian Bustard
Category: Bird
Population: 50 -249 mature individuals
Threats To Survival: Habitat loss and modification due to agricultural development
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Scientific Name: Aproteles bulmerae
Common Name: Bulmer's Fruit Bat
Category: Bat
Population: 150 individuals (est)
Threats To Survival: Hunting and cave disturbance
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Scientific Name: Ardea insignis
Common Name: White Bellied Heron
Category: Bird
Population: 70-400 individuals
Threats To Survival: Habitat destruction and degradation due to hydropower development
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Scientific Name: Astrochelus yniphora
Common Name: Ploughshare Tortoise / Angonoka
Category: Tortoise
Population: 440-770
Threats To Survival: Illegal collection for international pet trade
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Scientific Name: Aythya innotata
Common Name: Madagascar Pochard
Category: Bird
Population: Approximately 20 mature individuals
Threats To Survival: Habitat degradation due to slash-and-burn agriculture, hunting, and fishing / introduced fish
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Scientific Name: Azurina eupalama
Common Name: Galapagos damsel fish
Category: Pelagic fish
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Climate Change - oceanographic changes associated with the 1982 / 1983 El Nino are presumed to be responsible for the apparent disappearance of this species from the Galapagos
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Scientific Name: Bahaba taipingensis
Common Name: Giant yellow croaker
Category: Pelagic fish
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Over-fishing, primarily due to value of swim-bladder for traditional medicine - cost per kilogram exceeded that of gold in 2001
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Scientific Name: Batagur baska
Common Name: Common Batagur/ Four-toed terrapin
Category: Turtle
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Illegal export and trade from Indonesia to China
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Scientific Name: Bazzania bhutanica
Common Name: None
Category: Liverwort
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Habitat degradation and destruction due to forest clearance, overgrazing and development
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Scientific Name: Beatragus hunteri
Common Name: Hirola
Category: Antelope
Population: < 1000 individuals
Threats To Survival: Habitat loss and degradation, competition with livestock, poaching
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Scientific Name: Bombus franklinii
Common Name: Franklin's Bumble Bee
Category: Bee
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Disease from commercially bred bumblebees and habitat destruction and degradation
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Scientific Name: Brachyteles hypoxanthus
Common Name: Northern muriqui
Category: Primate
Population: < 1,000 individuals
Threats To Survival: Habitat loss and fragmentation due to large-scale deforestation and selective logging
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Scientific Name: Bradypus pygmaeus
Common Name: Pygmy sloth
Category: Sloth
Population: < 500 individuals
Threats To Survival: Habitat loss due to illegal logging of mangrove forests for firewood and construction and hunting of the sloths
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Scientific Name: Callitriche pulchra
Common Name: None
Category: Freshwater plant
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Exploitation of the species' habitat by stock, and modification of the pool by local people
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Scientific Name: Calumma tarzan
Common Name: Tarzan's Chameleon
Category: Chameleon
Population: Unknown
Threats To Survival: Habitat destruction for agriculture
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Scientific Name: Cavia intermedia
Common Name: Santa Catarina's Guinea Pig
Category: Guinea Pig
Population: 40-60 individuals
Threats To Survival: Habitat disturbance and possible hunting; small population effects
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Scientific Name: Cercopithecus roloway
Common Name: Roloway Guenon
Category: Primate
Population: Unknown
Threats To Survival: Hunting for consumption as bushmeat, and habitat loss
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Scientific Name: Coleura seychellensis
Common Name: Seychelles Sheath-Tailed Bat
Category: Bat
Population: < 100 mature individuals (est 2008)
Threats To Survival: Habitat degradation and predation by invasive species
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Scientific Name: Cryptomyces maximus
Common Name: None
Category: Fungus
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Limited availability of habitat
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Scientific Name: Cryptotis nelsoni
Common Name: Nelson's Small-Eared Shrew
Category: Shrew
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: habitat loss due to logging cattle grazing, fire and agriculture
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Scientific Name: Cyclura collei
Common Name: Jamaican Iguana
Category: Iguana
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Predation by introduced species and habitat destruction
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Scientific Name: Dendrophylax fawcettii
Common Name: Cayman Islands Ghost Orchid
Category: Orchid
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Habitat destruction due to infrastructure development
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Scientific Name: Diomedea amsterdamensis
Common Name: Amsterdam Island Albatross
Category: Bird
Population: 100 mature individuals
Threats To Survival: Disease and incidental capture in long-line fishing operations
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Scientific Name: Diospyros katendei
Common Name: None
Category: Tree
Population: 20 individuals, one population
Threats To Survival: High pressure from communities for agricultural activity, illegal tree felling, habitat degradation due to alluvial gold digging and small population
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Scientific Name: Dipterocarpus lamellatus
Common Name: None
Category: Dipterocarp (tree)
Population: 12 individuals
Threats To Survival: Habitat loss and degradation due to logging of lowland forest and creation of industrial plantations
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Scientific Name: Discoglossus nigriventer
Common Name: Hula painted frog
Category: Frog
Population: Unknown (recent rediscovery in 2011)
Threats To Survival: Predation by birds and range restriction due to habitat destruction
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Scientific Name: Discorea strydomiana
Common Name: Wild Yam
Category: Yam
Population: 200 Individuals
Threats To Survival: Collection for medicinal use
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Scientific Name: Dombeya mauritiana
Common Name: None
Category: Flowering plant
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Habitat degradation and destruction due to encroachment by alien invasive plant species and cannabis cultivation
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Scientific Name: Eleocarpus bojeri
Common Name: None
Category: Flowering plant
Population: < 10 individuals
Threats To Survival: Small population and degraded habitat
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Scientific Name: Eleutherodactylus glandulifer
Common Name: La Hotte Glanded Frog
Category: Frog
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Habitat destruction due to charcoal production and slash-and-burn agriculture
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Scientific Name: Eriosyce chilensis
Common Name: Chilenito
Category: Cactus
Population: < 500 individuals
Threats To Survival: Collection of flowering individuals
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Scientific Name: Erythrina schliebenii
Common Name: Coral Tree
Category: Flowering tree
Population: < 50 individuals
Threats To Survival: Limited habitat and small population size increasing vulnerability to stochastic events
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Scientific Name: Euphorbia tanaensis
Common Name: None
Category: Semi-deciduous tree
Population: 4 mature individuals
Threats To Survival: Illegal logging and habitat degradation due to agricultural expansion and infrastructure development
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Scientific Name: Eurynorhynchus pygmeus
Common Name: Spoon-Billed Sandpiper
Category: Bird
Population: < 100 breeding pairs
Threats To Survival: Trapping on wintering grounds and land reclamation.
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Scientific Name: Ficus katendei
Common Name: None
Category: Tree (ficus)
Population: < 50 mature individuals
Threats To Survival: Agricultural activity, illegal tree felling and habitat degradation due to alluvial gold digging
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Scientific Name: Geronticus eremita
Common Name: Northern Bald Ibis
Category: Bird
Population: 200-249 mature individuals
Threats To Survival: Habitat degradation and destruction, and hunting
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Scientific Name: Gigasiphon macrosiphon
Common Name: None
Category: Flowering tree
Population: 33 mature individuals
Threats To Survival: Timber extraction and habitat degradation due to agricultural encroachment and development, seed predation by wild pigs
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Scientific Name: Gocea ohridana
Common Name: None
Category: Mollusc
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Habitat degradation due to increasing pollution levels, off-take of water and sedimentation events
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Scientific Name: Heleophryne rosei
Common Name: Table Mountain Ghost Frog
Category: Frog
Population: Unknown
Threats To Survival: Habitat degradation due to invasive plants and water abstraction
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Scientific Name: Hemicycla paeteliana
Common Name: None
Category: Mollusc
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Habitat destruction due to overgrazing and trampling by goats and tourists
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Scientific Name: Heteromirafa sidamoensis
Common Name: Liben Lark
Category: Bird
Population: 90- 256 individuals
Threats To Survival: Habitat loss and degradation due to agricultural expansion, over-grazing and fire suppression
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Scientific Name: Hibiscadelphus woodii
Common Name: None
Category: Hibiscus
Population: Unknown
Threats To Survival: Habitat degradation due to feral ungulates and invasive introduced plant species
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Scientific Name: Hucho perryi (Parahucho perryi)
Common Name: Sakhalin Taimen
Category: Salmonid
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Overfishing (sport fishing and commercial bycatch) and habitat loss from damming, agriculture and other land use practices.
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Scientific Name: Lathyrus belinensis
Common Name: None
Category: Sweet-pea
Population: < 1,000 (2010 est)
Threats to Survival: Habitat destruction due to urbanisation, over-grazing, conifer planting and road widening
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Scientific Name: Leiopelma archeyii
Common Name: Archey's Frog
Category: Frog
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Chytridiomycosis and predation by invasive species
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Scientific Name: Lithobates sevosus
Common Name: Dusky Gopher Frog
Category: Frog
Population: 60-100 individuals (est 2003)
Threats To Survival: Fungal disease and habitat limitation due to climate change and land-use changes
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Scientific Name: Lophura edwardsi
Common Name: Edward's pheasant
Category: Bird
Population: Unknown
Threats To Survival: Hunting and habitat loss
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Scientific Name: Magnolia wolfii
Common Name: None
Category: Magnolia
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Isolation of species and low regeneration rates
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Scientific Name: Margaritifera marocana
Common Name: None
Category: Mussel
Population: < 250 individuals (2010 est)
Threats To Survival: Habitat degradation and disturbance due to pollution and development
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Scientific Name: Moominia willii
Common Name: None
Category: Mollusc
Population: < 500 individuals
Threats To Survival: Invasive species and climate change
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Scientific Name: Natalus primus
Common Name: Cuban Greater Funnel Eared Bat
Category: Bat
Population: < 100 individuals (est 2005)
Threats To Survival: Habitat loss and human disturbance
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Scientific Name: Nepenthes attenboroughii
Common Name: Attenborough's Pitcher Plant
Category: Carnivorous plant
Population: Unknown
Threats To Survival: Poaching
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Scientific Name: Nomascus hainanus
Common Name: Hainan Gibbon
Category: Primate
Population: < 20 individuals
Threats To Survival: Hunting
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Scientific Name: Oreocnemis phoenix
Common Name: Mulanje Red Damsel
Category: Butterfly
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Habitat destruction and degradation due to drainage, agricultural expansion and exploitation of forest
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Scientific Name:Pangasius sanitwongsi
Common Name: Pangasid Catfish
Category: Freshwater fish
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Overfishing and collection for aquarium trade
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Scientific Name: Parides burchellanus
Common Name: None
Category: Butterfly
Population: < 100 individuals
Threats To Survival: Habitat degrdation due to pressure from human populations and range restriction
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Scientific Name: Phocoena sinus
Common Name: Vaquita
Category: Porpoise
Population: 200+ individuals and declining
Threats to Survival: Incidental capture in gillnets
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Scientific Name: Picea neoveitchii
Common Name: None
Category: Conifer
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Forest destruction
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Scientific Name: Pinus squamata
Common Name: Qiaojia Pine
Category: Conifer
Population: < 25 mature individuals
Threats To Survival: Limited distribution and small population size
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Scientific Name: Pomarea whitneyi
Common Name: Fatuhiva Monarch
Category: Butterfly
Population: 50 individuals
Threats To Survival: Predation by introduced species - Rattus rattus and feral cats
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Scientific Name: Pristis pristis
Common Name: Common Sawfish
Category: Sawfish
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Exploitation - has removed the species from 95% of its historical range
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Scientific Name: Prolemur simus
Common Name: Greater Bamboo Lemur
Category: Primate
Population: 100-160 individuals
Threats To Survival: Habitat destruction due to slash-and-burn agriculture, mining and illegal logging
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Scientific Name: Propithecus candidus
Common Name: Silky Sifaka
Category: Primate
Population: 100 -1,000 individuals
Threats To Survival: Hunting and habitat disturbance
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Scientific Name: Psammobates geometricus
Common Name: Geometric Tortoise
Category: Tortoise
Population: Unknown
Threats To Survival: Habitat destruction and degradation, and predation
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Scientific Name: Pseudoryx nghetinhensis
Common Name: Saola
Category: Saola (bovid affinities)
Population: Unknown
Threats To Survival: Hunting and habitat destruction
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Scientific Name: Psiadia cataractae
Common Name: None
Category: Flowering plant
Population: Unknown
Threats To Survival: Habitat degradation and destruction due to development project and alien invasive plant species
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Scientific Name: Psorodonotus ebneri
Common Name: Beydaglari Bush-cricket
Category: Cricket
Population: Unknown
Threats To Survival: climate change, habitat loss
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Scientific Name: Rhinoceros sondaicus
Common Name: Javan Rhino
Category: Rhino
Population: < 100 individuals
Threats To Survival: Hunting for traditional medicine and small population size
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Scientific Name: Rhinopithecus avunculus
Common Name: Tonkin Snub-Nosed Monkey
Category: Primate
Population: < 200 individuals
Threats To Survival: Habitat loss and hunting. Known from only a few records in small area of habitat ( less than 10km2)
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Scientific Name: Rhizanthella gardneri
Common Name: West Australian Underground Orchid
Category: Orchid
Population: < 100 individuals
Threats To Survival: Land clearance for agriculture (96% habitat cleared to date), climate change and salinisation
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Scientific Name: Rhyncocyon spp
Common Name: Boni Giant Sengi
Category: Sengi
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Highly restricted habitat and distribution, security issues, oil development in area with associated increase in human population in area
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Scientific Name: Risiocnemis seidenschwarzi
Common Name: Cebu Frill-Wing
Category: Damsel fly
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Habitat degradation and destruction.
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Scientific Name: Rosa arabica
Common Name: None
Category: Flowering tree
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Domestic animals grazing, climate change and drought, medicinal plant collection and restricted range
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Scientific Name: Salanoia durrelli
Common Name: Durrell's Vontsira
Category: Vontsira (small carnivore)
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Habitat loss
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Scientific Name: Santamartamys rufodorsalis
Common Name: Red-Crested Tree Rat
Category: Rat
Population: Unknown
Threats To Survival: Habitat loss through urban development and coffee cultivation
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Scientific Name: Squatina squatina
Common Name: Angel Shark
Category: Shark
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Benthic trawling
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Scientific Name: Sterna bernsteini
Common Name: Chinese Crested Tern
Category: Bird
Population: < 50 mature individuals
Threats To Survival: Egg collection and habitat destruction
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Scientific Name: Sygnathus watermeyeri
Common Name: Estuarine Pipefish (River Pipefish)
Category: Pipefish
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Construction of dams altering river flows and flood events into estuaries
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Scientific Name: Tahina spectabilis
Common Name: Suicide Palm
Category: Palm
Population: 90 Individuals
Threats To Survival: Habitat loss due to fires, logging and agricultural developments
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Scientific Name: Telmatobufo bullocki juvenile
Common Name: Bullock's False Toad
Category: Toad
Population: Unknown
Threats To Survival: Habitat destruction as a result of energy development
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Scientific Name: Tokudaia muenninki
Common Name: Okinawa Spiny Rat
Category: Rat
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Habitat loss and predation by feral cats
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Scientific Name: Trigonostigma sompongsi
Common Name: Somphongs's rasbora
Category: Freshwater fish
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Habitat loss and degradation from farmland conversion and urbanization
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Scientific Name: Valencia letourneuxi
Common Name: None
Category: Freshwater fish
Population: Unknown (declining)
Threats To Survival: Habitat destruction, water abstraction and agressive interaction with Gambusia
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Scientific Name: Voanioala gerardii
Common Name: Forest Coconut
Category: palm
Population: < 10 individuals
Threats To Survival: Harvesting for consumption of palm heart and deforestation
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Scientific Name: Zaglossus attenboroughii
Common Name: Attenborough's Echidna
Category: echidna
Population: Unknown
Threats To Survival: Habitat modification and degradation due to logging, agricultural encroachment shifting cultivation and hunting by local people
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Watch one National Geographic photographer's attempt at saving endangered species.