List of political parties in Germany
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This is a list of political parties in Germany.
The Parliament of Germany, the Bundestag, has a plural multi-party system, with two major parties, the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), with its sister party, the Christian Social Union (CSU) in the same parliamentary group, also known as CDU/CSU or the Union.
Furthermore, Germany has several minor parties, most importantly The Left, and Alliance '90/The Greens. The federal government of Germany usually consisted of a coalition of a major and a minor party, most typically CDU/CSU and Free Democratic Party (FDP), or a 'red-green alliance' of the SPD and Greens. From 1966 to 1969, from 2005 to 2009 and again since 2013, the federal government consisted of a Grand Coalition.[1] In 2013, the FDP was voted out of the national Parliament, and in the following months also out of some state Parliaments such that it is not participating in any governments any longer.
Coalitions in the Bundestag and state legislators are often described by party colors. Party colors are the Social Democratic Party being red, the Alliance '90/The Greens green, the Free Democratic Party yellow, the Left dark red or purple, and the CDU/CSU black or blue.[2][3]
Contents
The parties[edit]
Parties represented in the Bundestag or the European Parliament[edit]
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Parties represented in state parliaments[edit]
| Logo | Name | Abbr. | Leader | Ideology | Elected in State (Seats) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
South Schleswig Voter Federation Südschleswigscher Wählerverband |
SSW | Flemming Meyer | Regionalism, ethnic minority politics, social liberalism | Schleswig-Holstein (3) | [A] |
 |
Citizens in Rage Bürger in Wut |
BIW | Jan Timke | Right-wing populism | Bremen (2) | |
| A Represents the Danish and Frisian minorities. Not subject to the general requirement of passing a 5% vote threshold. | ||||||
Minor parties[edit]
- Anarchist Pogo Party of Germany (APPD)
- Bavaria Party (BP)
- Bergpartei, die "ÜberPartei" (B)
- Civil Rights Movement Solidarity (BüSo)
- German Centre Party (ZENTRUM)
- Christian Centre (CM)
- Communist Party of Germany (Roter Morgen)
- Communist Party of Germany (1990) (KPD)
- Feminist Party of Germany (DIE FRAUEN)
- German Communist Party (DKP)
- German Social Union (DSU)
- Marxist–Leninist Party of Germany (MLPD)
- New Liberals (Neue Liberale)
- Party of Bible-abiding Christians (PBC)
- Party of Reason (pdv)
- Revolutionary Socialist League (RSB)
- Social Equality Party (PSG)
- The Freedom - Civil rights Party for more Freedom and Democracy
- The Friesen
- The Republicans (REP)
- pro Germany Citizens' Movement
Historical parties[edit]
Parties existing up to World War I[edit]
- Bavarian Peasants' League (BB)
- Centre Party (Zentrum)
- Christian Social Party (CSP)
- Democratic Union (DV)
- Free Conservative Party (FKP)
- Free-minded People's Party (FVP)
- Free-minded Union (FV)
- General German Workers' Association (ADAV)
- German Conservative Party (DKP)
- German Fatherland Party
- German-Hanoverian Party (DHP)
- German People's Party (DtVP)
- German Progress Party (DFP)
- German Free-minded Party (DFP)
- Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD)
- Liberal Union (LV)
- National Liberal Party (NLP)
- National-Social Association (NSV)
- Progressive People's Party (FVP)
- Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD)
- Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany (SDAP)
Parties in Weimar Republic[edit]
- Bavarian People's Party (BVP)
- Centre Party (Zentrum)
- Christian Social People's Service (CSVD)
- Communist Party of Germany (KPD)
- Communist Party of Germany (Opposition) (KPO)
- Conservative People's Party (KVP)
- German Democratic Party (DDP)
- German National People's Party (DNVP)
- German People's Party (DVP)
- German Racialist Freedom Party (DVFP)
- German State Party (DStP)
- German Workers' Party (DAP)
- Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD)
- National Socialist German Workers' Party aka Nazi Party (NSDAP)
- Socialist Workers' Party of Germany (SAPD)
Defunct parties in (former) West Germany[edit]
- Alliance of Germans (BdD)
- German Party (DP)
- German Conservative Party - German Right Party (DKP-DRP)
- German Reich Party (DRP)
- All-German Bloc/League of Expellees and Deprived of Rights (GB/BHE)
- All-German People's Party (GVP)
Parties banned by the Constitutional Court[edit]
- Socialist Reich Party (SRP), banned in 1952
- Communist Party of Germany (KPD), banned in 1956
Parties in (former) East Germany[edit]
Bloc parties in the socialist state (1949–1989)[edit]
- Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED), "Leading Role" per 1968 Constitution
- Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDUD)
- Liberal Democratic Party of Germany (LDPD)
- Democratic Farmers' Party of Germany (DBD)
- National Democratic Party of Germany (NDPD)
During transition (1989–90)[edit]
- Alliance 90
- Alliance for Germany (AfD)
- Christian Democratic Union (CDU)
- Democratic Awakening (DA)
- German Social Union (DSU)
- Association of Free Democrats (BFD)
- Liberal Democratic Party (LDP)
- Free Democratic Party (FDP)
- German Forum Party (DFP)
- Democratic Farmers' Party of Germany (DBD)
- Green Party (Greens)
- National Democratic Party of Germany (NDPD)
- Social Democratic Party in the GDR (SDP)
- Socialist Unity Party of Germany—Party of Democratic Socialism (SED-PDS)
- United Left (VL)
Parties founded from 1989[edit]
- The Grays – Gray Panthers (GRAUE)
- Law and Order Offensive Party (Offensive D)
- Statt Party
See also[edit]
- List of political parties; categories by country and ideology.
- History of Germany since 1945
- Liberalism in Germany
References[edit]
- ^ http://www.dw-world.de/popups/popup_printcontent/0,,1647406,00.html
- ^ "Political parties form colorful spectrum in Germany". Deutsche Welle. 2009-08-18. Retrieved 2009-09-12.
- ^ The Green party: Getting used to opposition, Deutsche Welle, 2009-08-24, retrieved 2009-10-12, "This made a so-called Jamaica coalition with the Christian Democratic Union and the Free Democratic Party impossible."
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Parties and Elections in Europe: The database about parliamentary elections and political parties in Europe, by Wolfram Nordsieck
- ^ Mark S. Milosch (2006). Modernizing Bavaria: The Politics of Franz Josef Strau[beta] and the CSU, 1949-1969. Berghahn Books. pp. 18–. ISBN 978-1-84545-123-3. Retrieved 21 July 2013.
- ^ George C. Lodge; Ezra F. Vogel (1987). Ideology and National Competitiveness: An Analysis of Nine Countries. Harvard Business Press. pp. 85–. ISBN 978-0-87584-147-2.
- ^ Russell A. Berman (19 April 2010). Freedom Or Terror: Europe Faces Jihad. Hoover Press. p. 110. ISBN 978-0-8179-1114-0.
- ^ Bundesvorstand der Tierschutzpartei, abgerufen am 12. Februar 2011.
External links[edit]
- Political Parties (Germany) - List of German political parties since 1949
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