An immoral, redundant, crass, bloated, discriminating Freak Show
Since the publication of my report, Sticker Shock, in 2010 on non-profit hospital accounting detailing the abusive accounting mechanisms in place (read: policies) which reward a select few at the top with outrageous salaries, bonuses, first-class travel, golf club memberships, housing allowances, personal loans, chauffer-driven limousines, tax indemnifications, specially funded split-dollar life insurance policies, and deferred compensation packages in the millions at the expense of pursuing the poor, un, and under-insured to the point of inflicting stress, bankruptcy, wage garnishment, further illness, and death for payment of hospital bills puffed up by as much as 1,500%, things have gotten much worse for people needing medical care.
The breaking point for me was the story of Wesley Warren, Jr., a 45 year old man from Las Vegas with a 132 pound scrotum (roughly the size of 8 bowling balls). Here was a guy, who for four years dressed his engorged ball in an upside down zip-up hoodie because it couldn’t fit into his pants and carted this enormous appendage around in a wheelbarrow just to go to the store for milk and coffee.
Mr. Warren’s medical issue began in 2008 when he awoke to a shooting pain in his testicles. The tissue around his penis began to swell caused by a condition called scrotal lymphedema – also called scrotal elephantiasis – where the membrane thickens and fluid accumulates around the scrotum. Medical experts warn the affected area keeps growing until the patient seeks treatment (Wesley’s grew by 3 pounds a month).
At home Wesley would rest his scrotum on an overturned milk crate using baby powder to ward off the smell of urine (his penis was lost somewhere in the folds of his engorged flesh). Because of this condition, he was unable to work and was on disability.
Wesley had surgery – five years after this condition began – and died less than a year thereafter. Preventing him from quicker corrective surgery and care was the cost to treat it estimated to be between half a million to a million dollars.
Of course that estimate is in American hospital dollars, which like Monopoly money, is pretend. By using monetary guestimates, which in no way correspond to actual cost of care, and sending medical bills for those inflated amounts (but pursuing patients by real collection agencies demanding US legal tender or else), our unique profit-first-take-care-of-the-executives-and-connected-consultants-driven health care system scares desperately sick people, like Wesley, into believing there is no cure for them, resulting in a life of unbelievable suffering.
How else can you explain, as pointed out in Steven Brill’s excellent article, Bitter Pill (Time Magazine Feb 2013) how nonprofit hospitals extort money from chronically ill, desperate people before treatment can even begin [all emphasis is added]:
“When Sean Recchi, a 42-year old from Lancaster, Ohio, was told last March that he had non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, his wife Stephanie knew she had to get him to MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston…Stephanie and her husband had recently started their own small technology business, and they were unable to buy comprehensive health insurance….Stephanie was told by a billing clerk that the estimated costs of Sean’s visit – just to be examined for six days so a treatment plan could be devised would be $48,900, due in advance. Stephanie got her mother to write her a check ‘You do anything you can in a situation like that’ she says. The Recchis flew to Houston…About a week later, Stephanie had to ask her mother for $35,000 more so Sean could begin the treatment the doctors had decided was urgent. His condition had worsened rapidly since he had arrived in Houston. He was ‘sweating and shaking with chills and pains’, Stephanie recalls. ‘He had a large mass in his chest that was…growing. He was panicked.’
Nonetheless Sean was held for about 90 minutes in a reception area, she says, because the hospital could not confirm that the check had cleared. Sean was allowed to see the doctor only after he advanced MD Anderson $7,500 from his credit card.”
Then there are the “hangover” payments, bills which keep pouring in even if you have “comprehensive” insurance. Recently my friend Rita, with what she thought was a solid insurance plan ($11,000 per year), gave birth to her first child. Everything about this uniquely American pregnancy and birth were normal, including the painful medical bill afterbirth. With a $1,500 deductible per person, and a 20-80 hospital co-payment, the moment her daughter took her first breath, the nonprofit hospital was there to collect $1,500 for the baby’s deductible. After insurance, Rita’s portion of the hospital bill was $5,300.
(It’s also important to note when American women go on maternity leave, in order for their income to continue in some capacity, they must file for disability. In America, a pregnant woman is considered disabled.)
I call this: The Freak Show at work.
Of course, The Freak Show has a senior circuit.
My father, who died 20 months ago at the age of 84 after a long and contentious battle with Alzheimer’s, had five insurance policies:
(1) The Veteran’s Administration (socialized medicine) – dad was a WWII veteran;
(2) Medicare B (public-private partnership around since 1965);
(3) AARP-supported supplemental profit-first insurance through United Healthcare;
(4) Medicare D (George W Bush’s gift on a silver platter to the profit-first
pharmaceutical and insurance conglomerates):
(5) Medicaid (taxpayer funded to help the poorest of the poor yet run by profit-first insurance companies like United Healthcare, Aetna, and Humana).
Despite dad’s costly, redundant, and wasteful coverage, I continue to receive invoices, now in collection, for medical services provided even though these entities were paid.
Over the last decade, I’ve completed about a thousand tax returns for senior citizens, the overwhelming majority purchased Medicare B even though economically, it didn’t matter if they were just getting by on a small pension or were sitting on a million dollar portfolio.
In fact, of those who purchased a supplemental policy, also called “medigap insurance”, most did so because they were persuaded to do so by membership in AARP, a nonprofit entity which pulls in income of $1.2 billion a year and according to their most recently filed IRS Form 990, $723 million of that revenue in royalties – mostly from their 5% cut on each supplemental medigap policy. In addition, AARP has $1.3 billion in Wall Street investment securities and pays out $2 million in compensation to the top three executives.
This is exclusive of the AARP Foundation, another nonprofit serving “vulnerable people 50+” which pulls in $142 million a year mostly from government grants, pays out more millions to top executives and has a fund balance in excess of $70 million. This shuffling of money – shielded from most income, sales, and property taxes – is included in the “cost” of health care.
What many people don’t realize is these supplemental policies which cost on average $4,000 to $6,000 per year, sit behind what Medicare determines it will pay to providers for medical care. (AARP is a perfect example as it is an agent for medigap insurer giant United Healthcare whose CEO was paid $14 million in 2012, up 3.7% from the previous year.). In other words, if Medicare disallows payment for a service, United Healthcare pays nothing. Anything denied by Medicare is denied by United Healthcare: It literally uses Medicare’s excellent bargaining power to shield its profits.
This is the American health care Freak Show in perfect form.
In fact, an AARP recent article indoctrinated members to plan on socking away no less than $220,000 to pay for medical bills during retirement “and that’s after Medicare coverage kicks in.”
Our country’s economic system and its bed partners (government) force the elderly and disabled to fork over a quarter of a million dollars out of pocket for their health needs especially at a time when they need it the most?
Then there are the so-called “Invisibles”; young people caught in the web of our predatory Freak Show who absolutely refuse, no matter how much pain they are in, to go to the emergency room. I can’t tell you how many people in their 20s I’ve talked to who’ve passed kidney stones at home (urinating through a strainer looking for the “rock”), splintered broken bones, self-diagnosed through Google serious rashes and ruptures, or suffered from severe (and life-threatening) dental infections because, even though they work and have some kind of profit-first crappy insurance – or not – the last thing they want is to leave the hospital with a bill for no less than $19,000 (which seems to be the starting “bid” to pay for the outlandish executive perks) for services which actually cost less than one tenth of that.
And there’s more.
A 5/18/14 New York Times article “Doctor’s Salaries are not the Big Cost” revealed the largest health care system in New Jersey, nonprofit Barnabas Health, in 2012 paid its outgoing CEO, Ronald J. Del Mauro, a severance package worth over $20.6 million. I should mention that in 2005 (while under the direction of Mr. Del Mauro) Barnabas Health settled with the Department of Justice (“DOJ “Release” dated 6/15/2005) in the amount of $265 million (one of the largest settlements ever) “to settle allegations that it defrauded the federal Medicare program”.
From the Release:
“The settlement resolves allegations that the Saint Barnabas Corporation, and nine of the hospitals that it has operated, fraudulently increased charges to Medicare patents in order to obtain enhanced reimbursement from Medicare. The US alleged that between October 1995 and August 2003, Saint Barnabas hospitals purposefully inflated charges for inpatient and outpatient care to make these cases appear more costly than they actually were, and thereby obtained outlier payments from Medicare that they were not entitled to receive.”
(The case against Saint Barnabas was so strong it settled for a quarter of a billion – begging the question how much had it stolen from Medicare…including before the date of investigation?)
The NY Times article:
“Ellen Greene [annual compensation $337,000], a spokeswoman for Barnabas Health, said Mr. Del Mauro’s retirement package was a ‘function of over four decades of service and reflects his exceptional legacy.”
(She neglected to mention he was paid handsomely each year – $3 million plus personal car and chauffer.)
Only a giant health care Freak Show would allow nonprofit executives to be rewarded for forcing patients and taxpayers to fork over payment of $265 million for stealing from Medicare as well as over $20 million as a walking away package to the man in charge of the organization during this charge.
But it gets better.
Another giant nonprofit hospital in NJ, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, has the gamut of the usual blob (tax-free profit of $90 million last year, executive compensation to a select few in the millions, and Wall Street investments of half a billion). What is interesting is while they pursue the poor, un, and underinsured for puffed up hospital bills, their foundation, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, according to their most recently-filed IRS Form 990 shows it has amassed over $8 billion in investment securities, which is eight times their annual income.
The foundation’s mission is to improve the health and health care of all Americans. In doing so, it hands out hundreds of grants in the hundreds of millions to other nonprofit entities, yet my review of some of the largest grants reveals a giant “shuffling” of money.
Case in point:
The foundation gave over $2 million to Tufts University for a study on child obesity, an amount which was equal to what Tufts paid as severance to their outgoing president. Additionally, nonprofit Tufts University is one of the most blob-ridden public education systems with six figure salaries for top administration, and almost $2 billion in investment securities (while raising tuition each year).
Another large grant from RWJ Foundation in the amount of $400,000 was to Save the Children, an amount equal to the compensation of the CEO.
So here we have several nonprofit “charitable” entities, with combined $10 billion in excess funds (escaping most taxation the rest of us pay), doing really nothing – nothing at all – to alleviate the suffering of people needing real financial help who survive (somehow) on the brink of desperation (unpaid medical bills is the number one reason for bankruptcy in the United States, and two-thirds of those people had health insurance).
It is clear our health “care” system is completely out of control (nothing in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act changes anything stated herein, and in fact, makes things worse by giving more power to the profit-first health insurance industry) It is a veritable Freak Show, very much like Wesley Warren’s testicle:
An engorged appendage with an insatiable appetite for sucking off life.
bensbuds comments:
check out Facebook.com/CPAsforCommunitySupport for more updates and information from the author
Rob Mason comments:
The stories of folks’ health care struggles and deaths are sad and horrifying. They are totally unnecessary. Health care is a human right. Single payer would provide access to quality health care for all in a way that society can afford.
Ron Stouffer comments:
Some great developments happening in the states regarding single payer. Vermont, for one! And, stay tuned to http://www.healthcare4allpa.org They are going to be making some very positive news later this year—sign up for their newsletter and contribute a few bucks each month. I am. Lynn, your articles are the best!
Thomas Littleton comments:
while sympathetic to single payer, and more than aware that the US system has had significant flaws, the mere title of this article is both insulting to the intelligence and evidence of how the right doesn’t have sole purchase upon idiotic rhetoric. The US has the WORST healthcare system on the planet? Really, Lynn? Are you aware that there are dozens of nations on this planet where you’d be lucky to live to age 50, let alone get treatment for Altzheimers or enlarged scrota? This sort of bloviating causes readers to:
1. doubt the veracity of everything you write
2. retreat from the topic, thus rendering themselves ineffective at helping build consensus to improve the system.
3. find it difficult to hold a debate/discussion that is the only path to change.
Please, find some restraint. It seems that half the articles you have written here on healthcare involve whining about unfortunate events in your own life. Look around and realize that you aren’t the be-all and end-all of American healthcare
consumers, nor a terribly objective source of information. Like I say, I’ve fallen into category #1 above. I frankly doubt your data and sources, and have no faith in your ability to look rationally at the matter.
juanbloatedovary comments:
“I frankly doubt your data and sources, and have no faith in your ability to look rationally at the matter.”
Lynn’s passion comes through in just about everything she publishes on CS2. Her research is professional and beyond reproach. Instead of personal attacks, Little-man, get over yourself and try to disprove a single statistic or figure used to illustrate her point. Your comments sicken me.
Thomas Littleton comments:
nonsense, Juan. I’m not doubting the passion. The simple statement in the title of the article brings her HONESTY and OBJECTIVENESS into question. That you will settle for passion, without facts or any practical solutions sort of sickens me, but I’m long used to such empty words from the left and right extremists in this nation.
CALynn comments:
Now Tom don’t get too sick because…well, you know…..you’d have to deal with our immoral (denying care without payment – referenced in the Time Magazine article Bitter Pill – isn’t that extortion?), redundant (My dad had FIVE health insurance policies during the last year of his life and I am still getting statements from health providers for balances due),crass (the system is insensitive to treating someone who carried around their 132 pound scrotum around in a wheelbarrow FOR 4 YEARS!), bloated (money, money everywhere for top executive payout – ex Robert Wood Johnson, Barnabas Health – yet people walk around without seeking care for fear of high medical bills), discriminating (ONLY if you can afford to pay for medical care – again Time Magazine article reference – you can get help).
Here’s another ditty for you Tom. From my personal tax preparation observation file. Now, careful, this is a first-hand, personal investigation of no less than 25 retirees from the giant telecommunications companies (this example will fall under bloated and redundant….not to mention crafty and tricky).
I always ask my retirees if they have any medical expenses for tax purposes (ACA left seniors alone with regard to the 7.5% deduction from adjusted gross income you have to jump over for medical deductions on Schedule A – starting in 2013, others under 65 have to jump over 10% of adjusted gross).
Anyway, the retirees – who worked for the likes of AT&T, Verizon, Comcast, et al, always emphatically say to me “oh no. I’ve got GREAT coverage in my retirement package from (pick one of the aforementioned). Total coverage.”
uh huh.
Then their wives hand me at least an 8″ thick file (or files) of medical bills paid for the year. I take the file(s) and believe me when I say I go thru it, paper by paper. Here’s what I’ve found: The giant telecommunications companies have contracted with the big health insurance companies to handle their retirees’ health insurance. So it is either Blue Cross, Horizon, Aetna, etc. I should mention (which I did in this article as well) that ALL of the retirees I prepare taxes for have insurance thru Medicare. ALL OF THEM.
So when they have a medical procedure performed, the bill first goes to Medicare who bargains for services and pays 80% of the bargained cost for the procedure. Then the telecommunications’ contracted health insurance company looks at the bill and applies the retirees deductible BEFORE they pay a penny. When you look at the deductibles, over the years, I see they increase by about $300 – $500 per person per year. This year, many of my retirees had $5,000 deductibles (husband and wife) which they had to jump over BEFORE the health insurance companies paid a penny (this is in addition to the premiums paid thru their pension which is deducted first). So at the end of the day, after a year’s worth of medical bills examined, Medicare paid the predominant portion of the bill (80% of contracted amount), the retiree paid out of pocket for the 20% balance which was applied to the deducible, and the “great” retirees telecommunications health insurance company basically paid very, very little. Often it was less than $100 in total. When I would present this evidence to the retiree, they were absolutely flabbergasted. In denial. Angry. So here we have good people who worked hard their entire life – many in dangerous occupations as linemen, working in all kinds of extreme weather, exposed to tremendous hazards in order to get power and cable back to the people – who are being screwed by their retirement packages and here’s the thing Tom, They Don’t Even Know it. Often when the bill comes in to pay, the wife pays the “small” balance not realizing that it is going against a $5,000 deductible.
So when you factor in the premiums for Medicare ($1,100 plus or minus EACH), premiums for telecommunications health policy ($3,000 to $4,000), deductibles ($5,000), then add prescription drugs, long-term health policies, dental bills (HUGE! in the thousands), cancer insurance policies, vision policies, co-insurance, hospital bills, “specialists”, hearing aids, travel – the annual medical costs to retirees is very large, often I see approaching $10K – $12K per year. These are people on fixed incomes. Social Security and pensions. Maybe a little savings. and they are paying 15 to 20% of their annual income (I see more also) on health care. I believe I mentioned this in the article also…AARP put out an article telling seniors to plan on hundreds of thousands out of pocket and that’s AFTER Medicare pays its part. I have witnessed this first hand.
So you see Tom, I hope you do not get sick. Please don’t.
Because you will be dealing with a crass, bloated, redundant, immoral system which doesn’t really care about you at all…unless you can afford to pay thru the wazoo.
The solution (which I have advocated over and over in CommonSense2) is Improved and Expanded Medicare for All.
Unless and until we agree the United States’ health care system must be changed, until we really face the facts (like my retirees who got a jolt when I presented them the figures for their medical bills), until that happens, we will continue to put our heads in the sand and say it’s not that bad….when it is really horrific.
I wish you well.
Ron Stouffer comments:
To defend Lynn, she likely could have qualified her title with “among industrialized nations” or some such qualifier. But, her passionate title is accepted by most of us, I suspect. I think the point for all of us is this: 1) 30 million will still have NO insurance policy 10 years from now (CBO). 2) Among those who have acquired “insurance”policies, many will have policies, , unbeknownst to them, with medically deficient provisions and/or high deductibles, and they will not use their policy, hence, in effect, they have NO insurance. 3) When people who have acquired “insurance” need to actually use their policy for a big medical condition—other than a cold or sore throat, etc., they will find they are underinsured—-meaning they have to come up with huge co-pays or other out-of-pocket expenses, in spite of the rosie picture the Obamacan public relations team has manufactured for the American public……….
To see some of my fellow Democrats (locally) writing letters to the editor promoting ObamaCare, tells me they know very little about the facts vs the promises of O-Care or more likely they would not defend this piece of crap just because it is Democratic. In my book, they are no better ethically than the right-wing Republicans who lie day in and day out about every political question out there. These Dems embarrass me and they are one reason why Dems are viewed by the general public as scam artists and why Dems make NO break-through with a very big percentage of young people out there that I meet on a REGULAR basis who find both parties to be despicable and in league with each other—despite the phony theatrics of MNSBC/Fox……..
When the S#it hits the fan—-and people try to use their phony Obama insurance policies—-we shall see. I predict we will still see, as in the past, collection jars at my local businesses asking for donations for a medical problem. I also predict “buyers remorse” from millions of people who think they are insured but find they are insured in name only. The sh#t will hit the fan eventually, but the BIG HERO, Obama, will be out of office, collecting $10 million in speeches, and he could care less about regular Americans. Just like Hillary, Bill and their hedge fund daughter—–they have it made and what do they care about you! I am a Democrat and I wish some of the Republicans who read these pages could learn to transcend the lies of their party—as I have mine. We’d all be better off if we started telling the truth……….
Thomas Littleton comments:
for the record, Ron, I have one of those ‘phony’ policies. It is the BEST policy I’ve ever had, cost me less than my COBRA tab for my old corporate policy, and I couldn’t be happier. And, yes, I’ve put it to the test(luckily not myself, but rest of family) this year. Yes, I shell out nearly two thousand per year, but my deductable for the family is $500 and my total out of pocket is only $2500, with routine copays of only 10 bucks. Moreover, a lot of people pay a lot less for minimal levels of coverage that are still VASTLY better than what they used to have(generally, nothing). Would I prefer to see the nation embrace Single Payer? Of course. But, sometimes I wonder if folks in the Progressive camp realize what harm they do to that cause when they savage the little progress that has been made. Remember, those of you who are old enough, that we tried to address health insurance in this nation for over 20 years and got nothing. To suggest that the ACA is worse than the prior status quo is both puzzling and frankly counterproductive.
Lynn, most of what you stated above is both rational and accurate, within the limits you set on who is involved. I do lay some blame on the problems you cite on the consumer(why, for instance did your father have 5 health policies, when no one needs more than Medicare and a second plan to cover uncovered expenses?). There is some personal responsibility that might be best addressed through public education. It seems, Lynn, that you are knees-deep in just such an effort, and should be applauded. Still, to call this the worst in the world was where I lost you. It’s ridiculous hyperbole that undermines the very sensible program that Progressives should be able to advance with the public as a whole. We just have to learn to be VERY careful about taking things to extremes, as that is what the opposition uses to wedge the public as a whole. One would think that such lessons had been learned, by now, by ALL Progessives, but a short read on CommonSense and elsewhere shows otherwise.
Ron Stouffer comments:
Tom, I don’t doubt anything you said. Actually $2000 a year is quite inexpensive. I wonder if you have a Bronze, Silver, Gold, or Platinum plan.
Thomas Littleton comments:
Sorry for a typo, Ron. My premium is $2000 per month.I have Delaware’s only platinum on the exchange, from Highmark Blue Cross. Similar plan last year would have cost me $2500 from them.Plus, since I’ve been financially responsible this year for myself, my wife, my daughter and her three kids, until they get back on their feet(the last 4 on my list), and I’ve pared my income back to only what I need to maintain lifestyle down here and support them, I actually got a REBATE!! So, my $2000 per month is actually only $1256 or some such.
You were VERY correct…..two grand per year for a middle aged couple would be dirt cheap for a Platinum plan, no matter what rebates one gets. Still, before the ACA was in effect, I couldn’t have gotten ANY coverage past catostrophic for my wife, with her history.
Ron Stouffer comments:
One of the great features of a single payer system is that the medical benefit package INCLUDES dental and vision. Right now 100 million Americans out of 320 million (about 1/3 of the population) have no dental insurance! These 2 medical necessities are a big deal—sight and dental health. PA has 12 million residents, so we can figure probably 1/3 or 4 million have NO dental insurance. Wow. We have some work to do as we hopefully transition from the ACA to the next step—one payer or single payer as some call it. The plan outlined at http://www.HealthCare4ALLPA.com of which Tom and I are quite familiar, explains it well under FAQs. For me, having no deductibles, co-pays, or cost sharing is a very important component of a public payer.
NOTE: Before getting on Medicare, we were also paying $1200 monthly to a private payer (an insurance company). Calculating the 3% of income the single payer system requires we all would pay, a person paying $1200 monthly to a public single payer system would have to be making $480,000. This comparison always blew my mind. We never, ever made that much money, so my private insurance company was taking well over 3% (a double digit percentage of our income, in fact). And, we had a $1700 deductible. NO DENTAL or VISION included in our private policy either. And, this was one of the largest insurers in PA and we were in a group plan with 5000 other people. This partly explains why one public payer, one superior medical plan, which includes all 12 million Pennsylvanians, costs so little while providing so much. Tom, does Delaware have a group of citizens or legislators working on developing a Delaware Single Payer to your knowledge?
Ron Stouffer comments:
Sorry—it’s http://www.HealthCare4ALLPA.org “org”, not “com”
Thomas Littleton comments:
had it bookmarked already, Ron, and believe me, you don’t have to sell me on the societal benefits of single payer! I get those, but merely entered this thread to point out that overblown rhetoric undermines credibility, which has(if you recall) been an ongoing theme of mine on these pages.
CALynn comments:
LOL! “overblown rhetoric” LOL!
Again we have the worst healthcare “system” on the planet. I point you to an article in Wall Street Journal from 8/30 by SandeepJauhar “Our Ailing Medical System” which points out that in a survey of 12,000 physicians, SIX percent described their morals as positive. Very interesting article pointing out how doctors’ hands are tied by capital and profits ( although he never s mentions single-payer as a solution).
I apologize if there are ant typos in this email. I had the last of my $20,000 cataract surgery in January of this year (somehow developed posterior cataracts which were aggressive – was told 2 years ago I would be blind in both eyes within the year – no overblown rhetoric there – I can get you a copy of the doctor’s diagnosis if you like), and after my private $15K profit first health insurance paid its part, I still owe $2K to the surgery center and physician so I cannot afford to get the necessary follow up laser surgery on the scar tissue which forms around the new object (new lens). . Hence, my vision is still greatly impaired. As an accountant, you can see (no pun intended ) how annoying this is. Until people realize it is THE WORST, we will not have change.
CALynn comments:
Sorry. Eyes..not..so..good.
I meant “in a survey of 12,000 [US] physicians, only 6% described their MORALE as positive”.
Thomas Littleton comments:
but, Lynn, it ISN’T the worst. However, I’ll admit ours might be the worst among wealthy countries. Sorry about the cataract thing, but are you all that sure your problem would be covered under any alternative plan? So, you might have been out the WHOLE 20K with no help under many proposed public universal coverage schemes. This is a complex issue, and for some reason, you and yours seem to present a lot of horror stories that many(most?) of us don’t encounter, for whatever reason.
Thomas Littleton comments:
by the way……what is UP with this place? Nothing new has been posted, no new articles? Is Commonsense2 officially done?
Ron Stouffer comments:
Vote Tom Wolf for PA governor…………
Thomas Littleton comments:
Ron, if you can dig up my email(name@msn.com, not too hard), can you contact me?